WO2015009022A1 - Procédé et appareil de codage/décodage d'un signal vidéo évolutif - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil de codage/décodage d'un signal vidéo évolutif Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015009022A1
WO2015009022A1 PCT/KR2014/006378 KR2014006378W WO2015009022A1 WO 2015009022 A1 WO2015009022 A1 WO 2015009022A1 KR 2014006378 W KR2014006378 W KR 2014006378W WO 2015009022 A1 WO2015009022 A1 WO 2015009022A1
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reference picture
interlayer
picture
layer
current
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PCT/KR2014/006378
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English (en)
Korean (ko)
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이배근
김주영
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주식회사 케이티
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/30—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using hierarchical techniques, e.g. scalability
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/50—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding
    • H04N19/503—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding involving temporal prediction
    • H04N19/51—Motion estimation or motion compensation
    • H04N19/573—Motion compensation with multiple frame prediction using two or more reference frames in a given prediction direction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/50—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding
    • H04N19/503—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding involving temporal prediction
    • H04N19/51—Motion estimation or motion compensation
    • H04N19/58—Motion compensation with long-term prediction, i.e. the reference frame for a current frame not being the temporally closest one

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for scalable video signal encoding / decoding.
  • High efficiency image compression techniques can be used to solve these problems caused by high resolution and high quality image data.
  • An inter-screen prediction technique for predicting pixel values included in the current picture from a picture before or after the current picture using an image compression technique an intra prediction technique for predicting pixel values included in a current picture using pixel information in the current picture
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for upsampling a picture of a reference layer in encoding / decoding a scalable video signal.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for constructing a reference picture list using an interlayer reference picture in encoding / decoding a scalable video signal.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for effectively deriving texture information of a current layer through inter-layer prediction in encoding / decoding a scalable video signal.
  • the scalable video signal decoding method and apparatus may decode a corresponding picture of a reference layer corresponding to a current picture of a current layer, upsample the decoded corresponding picture, and generate an interlayer reference picture, and the inter A reference picture list including a layer reference picture is generated, and inter-layer prediction of the current block is performed based on the reference picture list.
  • the reference picture list according to the present invention is characterized by being configured in the order of a near reference picture, a long range reference picture, and an interlayer reference picture having an output order different from that of the current picture.
  • An interlayer reference picture includes at least one of a first interlayer reference picture and a second interlayer reference picture, wherein the first interlayer reference picture refers to a reference picture that has been filtered for an integer position.
  • the second interlayer reference picture may mean a reference picture that has not been filtered for the integer position.
  • the method and apparatus for decoding a scalable video signal according to the present invention include the first interlayer reference picture and the second interlayer according to a predefined priority between the first interlayer reference picture and the second interlayer reference picture.
  • the reference picture is added to the reference picture list.
  • the scalable video signal encoding method and apparatus may decode a corresponding picture of a reference layer corresponding to a current picture of a current layer, upsample the decoded corresponding picture, and generate an interlayer reference picture.
  • a reference picture list including a layer reference picture is generated, and inter-layer prediction of the current block is performed based on the reference picture list.
  • the reference picture list according to the present invention is characterized by being configured in the order of a near reference picture, a long range reference picture, and an interlayer reference picture having an output order different from that of the current picture.
  • An interlayer reference picture includes at least one of a first interlayer reference picture and a second interlayer reference picture, wherein the first interlayer reference picture refers to a reference picture that has been filtered for an integer position.
  • the second interlayer reference picture may mean a reference picture that has not been filtered for the integer position.
  • the scalable video signal encoding method and apparatus include the first interlayer reference picture and the second interlayer according to a predefined priority between the first interlayer reference picture and the second interlayer reference picture.
  • the reference picture is added to the reference picture list.
  • a reference picture list including an interlayer reference picture can be effectively constructed.
  • texture information of the current layer can be effectively derived through inter-layer prediction.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram schematically illustrating an encoding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram schematically illustrating a decoding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a process of performing inter-layer prediction of a current layer using a corresponding picture of a reference layer according to an embodiment to which the present invention is applied.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a method of upsampling a corresponding picture of a reference layer according to an embodiment to which the present invention is applied.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates a method of constructing a reference picture list in consideration of pre-defined priorities between interlayer reference pictures according to an embodiment to which the present invention is applied.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates a method of adding an interlayer reference picture to a reference picture list in consideration of a slice type according to an embodiment to which the present invention is applied.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates a method of adding an inter-layer reference picture to a reference picture list in consideration of the number of reference pictures between reference picture lists as an embodiment to which the present invention is applied.
  • the scalable video signal decoding method and apparatus may decode a corresponding picture of a reference layer corresponding to a current picture of a current layer, upsample the decoded corresponding picture, and generate an interlayer reference picture, and the inter A reference picture list including a layer reference picture is generated, and inter-layer prediction of the current block is performed based on the reference picture list.
  • the reference picture list according to the present invention is characterized by being configured in the order of a near reference picture, a long range reference picture, and an interlayer reference picture having an output order different from that of the current picture.
  • An interlayer reference picture includes at least one of a first interlayer reference picture and a second interlayer reference picture, wherein the first interlayer reference picture refers to a reference picture that has been filtered for an integer position.
  • the second interlayer reference picture may mean a reference picture that has not been filtered for the integer position.
  • the method and apparatus for decoding a scalable video signal according to the present invention include the first interlayer reference picture and the second interlayer according to a predefined priority between the first interlayer reference picture and the second interlayer reference picture.
  • the reference picture is added to the reference picture list.
  • the scalable video signal encoding method and apparatus may decode a corresponding picture of a reference layer corresponding to a current picture of a current layer, upsample the decoded corresponding picture, and generate an interlayer reference picture.
  • a reference picture list including a layer reference picture is generated, and inter-layer prediction of the current block is performed based on the reference picture list.
  • the reference picture list according to the present invention is characterized by being configured in the order of a near reference picture, a long range reference picture, and an interlayer reference picture having an output order different from that of the current picture.
  • An interlayer reference picture includes at least one of a first interlayer reference picture and a second interlayer reference picture, wherein the first interlayer reference picture refers to a reference picture that has been filtered for an integer position.
  • the second interlayer reference picture may mean a reference picture that has not been filtered for the integer position.
  • the scalable video signal encoding method and apparatus include the first interlayer reference picture and the second interlayer according to a predefined priority between the first interlayer reference picture and the second interlayer reference picture.
  • the reference picture is added to the reference picture list.
  • first and second may be used to describe various configurations, but the configurations are not limited by the terms. The terms are used to distinguish one configuration from another.
  • first configuration may be referred to as the second configuration, and similarly, the second configuration may also be referred to as the first configuration.
  • each component shown in the embodiments of the present invention are independently shown to represent different characteristic functions, and do not mean that each component is made of separate hardware or one software component unit.
  • each component is listed as a component for convenience of description, and at least two of the components may form one component, or one component may be divided into a plurality of components to perform a function.
  • the integrated and separated embodiments of each component are also included in the scope of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
  • the components may not be essential components for performing essential functions in the present invention, but may be optional components for improving performance.
  • the present invention can be implemented including only the components essential for implementing the essentials of the present invention except for the components used for improving performance, and the structure including only the essential components except for the optional components used for improving performance. Also included in the scope of the present invention.
  • Encoding and decoding of video that supports multiple layers in a bitstream is called scalable video coding. Since there is a strong correlation between the plurality of layers, the prediction may be performed by using this correlation to remove redundant elements of data and to improve encoding performance of an image. Performing prediction of the current layer using information of another layer is referred to as inter-layer prediction or inter-layer prediction in the following.
  • the plurality of layers may have different resolutions, where the resolution may mean at least one of spatial resolution, temporal resolution, and image quality. Resampling such as up-sampling or downsampling of a layer may be performed to adjust the resolution during inter-layer prediction.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram schematically illustrating an encoding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the encoding apparatus 100 includes an encoder 100a for an upper layer and an encoder 100b for a lower layer.
  • the upper layer may be expressed as a current layer or an enhancement layer
  • the lower layer may be expressed as an enhancement layer, a base layer, or a reference layer having a lower resolution than the upper layer.
  • the upper layer and the lower layer may have at least one of a spatial resolution, a temporal resolution according to a frame rate, and an image quality according to a color format or a quantization size. When a resolution change is necessary to perform inter-layer prediction, upsampling or downsampling of a layer may be performed.
  • the encoder 100a of the upper layer may include a divider 110, a predictor 120, a transformer 130, a quantizer 140, a reorderer 150, an entropy encoder 160, and an inverse quantizer ( 170, an inverse transform unit 180, a filter unit 190, and a memory 195.
  • the encoder 100b of the lower layer includes a divider 111, a predictor 125, a transformer 131, a quantizer 141, a reordering unit 151, an entropy encoder 161, and an inverse quantizer ( 171, an inverse transform unit 181, a filter unit 191, and a memory 196.
  • the encoder may be implemented by the image encoding method described in the following embodiments of the present invention, but operations in some components may not be performed to reduce the complexity of the encoding apparatus or for fast real time encoding.
  • some limited number of methods are used without selecting the optimal intra intra coding method using all intra prediction modes in order to perform encoding in real time.
  • a method of selecting one intra prediction mode among them as a final intra prediction mode using the intra prediction mode of the image may be used.
  • the unit of a block processed by the encoding apparatus may be a coding unit that performs encoding, a prediction unit that performs prediction, or a transformation unit that performs transformation.
  • a coding unit may be represented by a term such as a coding unit (CU), a prediction unit is a prediction unit (PU), and a transformation unit is a transform unit (TU).
  • the splitters 110 and 111 divide a layer image into a combination of a plurality of coding blocks, prediction blocks, and transform blocks, and one of the coding blocks, prediction blocks, and transform blocks according to a predetermined criterion (for example, a cost function). You can split the layer by selecting the combination of. For example, to split a coding unit in a layer image, a recursive tree structure such as a quad tree structure may be used.
  • a recursive tree structure such as a quad tree structure may be used.
  • the meaning of the coding block may be used not only as a block for encoding but also as a block for decoding.
  • the prediction block may be a unit for performing prediction such as intra prediction or inter prediction.
  • the block for performing intra prediction may be a block having a square shape such as 2N ⁇ 2N or N ⁇ N.
  • As a block for performing inter prediction there is a prediction block partitioning method using Asymmetric Motion Partitioning (AMP), which is a square form such as 2Nx2N and NxN, or a rectangular form or asymmetric form such as 2NxN and Nx2N.
  • AMP Asymmetric Motion Partitioning
  • the transform unit 115 may change a method of performing the transform.
  • the prediction units 120 and 125 of the encoders 100a and 100b may include the intra prediction units 121 and 126 performing intra prediction and the inter prediction unit performing inter prediction. (122, 127).
  • the predictor 120 of the higher layer encoder 100a may further include an inter-layer predictor 123 that performs prediction on the higher layer by using information of the lower layer.
  • the prediction units 120 and 125 may determine whether to use inter prediction or intra prediction on the prediction block.
  • the process of determining the intra prediction mode in units of prediction blocks and performing the intra prediction based on the determined intra prediction mode may be performed in units of transform blocks.
  • the residual value (residual block) between the generated prediction block and the original block may be input to the transformers 130 and 131.
  • prediction mode information and motion information used for prediction may be encoded by the entropy encoder 130 together with the residual value and transmitted to the decoding apparatus.
  • the original block may be encoded as it is and transmitted to the decoder without performing prediction through the prediction units 120 and 125.
  • PCM Pulse Coded Modulation
  • the intra prediction units 121 and 126 may generate an intra prediction block based on reference pixels present around the current block (the block to be predicted).
  • the intra prediction mode may have a directional prediction mode using a reference pixel according to a prediction direction and a non-directional mode without considering the prediction direction.
  • the mode for predicting luma information and the mode for predicting color difference information may be different.
  • an intra prediction mode in which luma information is predicted or predicted luma information may be used. If a reference pixel is not available, the unusable reference pixel may be replaced with another pixel, and a prediction block may be generated using the reference pixel.
  • the prediction block may include a plurality of transform blocks. If the prediction block has the same size as the transform block when the intra prediction is performed, pixels present on the left side of the prediction block, pixels present on the upper left side, and top Intra-prediction of the prediction block may be performed based on the pixels present in the. However, when the prediction block is different from the size of the transform block when the intra prediction is performed, and a plurality of transform blocks are included in the prediction block, intra prediction is performed by using neighboring pixels adjacent to the transform block as reference pixels. Can be done.
  • the neighboring pixel adjacent to the transform block may include at least one of the neighboring pixel adjacent to the prediction block and the pixels already decoded in the prediction block.
  • the intra prediction method may generate a prediction block after applying a mode dependent intra smoothing (MDIS) filter to a reference pixel according to the intra prediction mode.
  • MDIS mode dependent intra smoothing
  • the type of MDIS filter applied to the reference pixel may be different.
  • the MDIS filter is an additional filter applied to the predicted block in the picture by performing the intra prediction and may be used to reduce the residual present in the predicted block in the picture generated after performing the prediction with the reference pixel.
  • filtering on a reference pixel and some columns included in the predicted block in the screen may perform different filtering according to the direction of the intra prediction mode.
  • the inter prediction units 122 and 127 may perform prediction by referring to information of a block included in at least one of a previous picture or a subsequent picture of the current picture.
  • the inter prediction units 122 and 127 may include a reference picture interpolator, a motion predictor, and a motion compensator.
  • the reference picture interpolation unit may receive reference picture information from the memories 195 and 196 and generate pixel information of an integer pixel or less in the reference picture.
  • a DCT-based 8-tap interpolation filter having different filter coefficients may be used to generate pixel information of integer pixels or less in units of 1/4 pixels.
  • a DCT-based interpolation filter having different filter coefficients may be used to generate pixel information of an integer pixel or less in units of 1/8 pixels.
  • the inter prediction units 122 and 127 may perform motion prediction based on the reference picture interpolated by the reference picture interpolator.
  • various methods such as a full search-based block matching algorithm (FBMA), a three step search (TSS), and a new three-step search algorithm (NTS) may be used.
  • the motion vector may have a motion vector value of 1/2 or 1/4 pixel units based on the interpolated pixels.
  • the inter prediction units 122 and 127 may perform prediction on the current block by applying one inter prediction method among various inter prediction methods.
  • various methods such as a skip method, a merge method, and a motion vector predictor (MVP), may be used as the inter prediction method.
  • MVP motion vector predictor
  • motion information that is, information such as a reference index, a motion vector, and a residual signal
  • motion information is entropy coded and transmitted to a decoder.
  • the skip mode since the residual signal is not generated, the conversion and quantization processes for the residual signal may be omitted.
  • the interlayer prediction unit 123 performs interlayer prediction for predicting an upper layer by using information of a lower layer.
  • the inter-layer prediction unit 123 may perform inter-layer prediction using texture information, motion information, etc. of the lower layer.
  • prediction of a current block of an upper layer may be performed using motion information on a picture of a lower layer (reference layer) using a picture of a lower layer as a reference picture.
  • the picture of the reference layer used as the reference picture in inter-layer prediction may be a picture sampled according to the resolution of the current layer.
  • the motion information may include a motion vector and a reference index. In this case, the value of the motion vector for the picture of the reference layer may be set to (0,0).
  • the inter-layer prediction unit 123 may perform inter-layer texture prediction, inter-layer motion prediction, inter-layer syntax prediction, and inter-layer difference prediction.
  • Inter-layer texture prediction may derive the texture of the current layer based on the texture of the reference layer.
  • the texture of the reference layer may be sampled according to the resolution of the current layer, and the inter-layer predictor 123 may predict the texture of the current layer based on the sampled texture of the reference layer.
  • Inter-layer motion prediction may derive the motion vector of the current layer based on the motion vector of the reference layer.
  • the motion vector of the reference layer may be scaled according to the resolution of the current layer.
  • the syntax of the current layer may be predicted based on the syntax of the reference layer.
  • the inter-layer prediction unit 123 may use the syntax of the reference layer as the syntax of the current layer.
  • the picture of the current layer may be reconstructed using the difference between the reconstructed image of the reference layer and the reconstructed image of the current layer.
  • a residual block including residual information which is a difference between the predicted block generated by the predictors 120 and 125 and the reconstructed block of the predicted block, is generated, and the residual block is input to the transformers 130 and 131.
  • the transform units 130 and 131 may transform the residual block using a transform method such as a discrete cosine transform (DCT) or a discrete sine transform (DST). Whether DCT or DST is applied to transform the residual block may be determined based on intra prediction mode information of the prediction block used to generate the residual block and size information of the prediction block. That is, the transformers 130 and 131 may apply the transformation method differently according to the size of the prediction block and the prediction method.
  • a transform method such as a discrete cosine transform (DCT) or a discrete sine transform (DST).
  • DCT discrete cosine transform
  • DST discrete sine transform
  • the quantizers 140 and 141 may quantize the values transformed by the transformers 130 and 131 into the frequency domain.
  • the quantization coefficient may change depending on the block or the importance of the image.
  • the values calculated by the quantizers 140 and 141 may be provided to the dequantizers 170 and 17 and the reordering units 150 and 151.
  • the reordering units 150 and 151 may reorder coefficient values with respect to the quantized residual value.
  • the reordering units 150 and 151 may change the two-dimensional block shape coefficients into a one-dimensional vector form through a coefficient scanning method.
  • the realignment units 150 and 151 may scan DC coefficients to coefficients in the high frequency region by using a Zig-Zag scan method and change them into one-dimensional vectors.
  • a vertical scan method for scanning two-dimensional block shape coefficients in a column direction, not a zig-zag scan method, and a horizontal scan method for scanning two-dimensional block shape coefficients in a row direction Can be used. That is, according to the size of the transform block and the intra prediction mode, it is possible to determine which scan method among zigzag-scan, vertical scan and horizontal scan is used.
  • the entropy encoders 160 and 161 may perform entropy encoding based on the values calculated by the reordering units 150 and 151. Entropy encoding may use various encoding methods such as, for example, Exponential Golomb, Context-Adaptive Variable Length Coding (CAVLC), and Context-Adaptive Binary Arithmetic Coding (CABAC).
  • Exponential Golomb Context-Adaptive Variable Length Coding
  • CABAC Context-Adaptive Binary Arithmetic Coding
  • the entropy encoders 160 and 161 transmit residual value coefficient information, block type information, prediction mode information, partition unit information, prediction block information, and the like of the coding block from the reordering units 150 and 151 and the prediction units 120 and 125. Entropy encoding may be performed based on a predetermined encoding method by receiving various information such as unit information, motion information, reference frame information, block interpolation information, and filtering information. In addition, the entropy encoder 160 or 161 may entropy-encode coefficient values of coding units input from the reordering unit 150 or 151.
  • the entropy encoders 160 and 161 may encode the intra prediction mode information of the current block by performing binarization on the intra prediction mode information.
  • the entropy encoder 160 or 161 may include a codeword mapping unit for performing such a binarization operation, and may perform different binarization according to the size of a prediction block for performing intra prediction.
  • the codeword mapping unit the codeword mapping table may be adaptively generated or stored in advance through a binarization operation.
  • the entropy encoders 160 and 161 may express prediction mode information in the current screen using a codenum mapping unit for performing codenum mapping and a codeword mapping unit for performing codeword mapping. In the codenum mapping unit and the codeword mapping unit, a codenum mapping table and a codeword mapping table may be generated or stored.
  • the inverse quantizers 170 and 171 and the inverse transformers 180 and 181 inverse quantize the quantized values in the quantizers 140 and 141 and inversely transform the converted values in the transformers 130 and 131.
  • the residual values generated by the inverse quantizers 170 and 171 and the inverse transformers 180 and 181 may be predicted by the motion estimator, the motion compensator, and the intra prediction unit included in the predictors 120 and 125. It may be combined with the prediction block to generate a reconstructed block.
  • the filter units 190 and 191 may include at least one of a deblocking filter and an offset correction unit.
  • the deblocking filter may remove block distortion caused by boundaries between blocks in the reconstructed picture.
  • it may be determined whether to apply a deblocking filter to the current block based on the pixels included in several columns or rows included in the block.
  • a strong filter or a weak filter may be applied according to the required deblocking filtering strength.
  • horizontal filtering and vertical filtering may be performed in parallel when vertical filtering and horizontal filtering are performed.
  • the offset correction unit may correct the offset with respect to the original image on a pixel-by-pixel basis for the deblocking image.
  • the pixels included in the image are divided into predetermined areas, and then, the area to be offset is determined and the offset is applied to the corresponding area, or the offset is applied considering the edge information of each pixel. Can be used.
  • the filter units 190 and 191 may apply only the deblocking filter or both the deblocking filter and the offset correction without applying both the deblocking filter and the offset correction.
  • the memories 195 and 196 may store reconstructed blocks or pictures calculated by the filters 190 and 191, and the stored reconstructed blocks or pictures may be provided to the predictors 120 and 125 when performing inter prediction. have.
  • the information output from the entropy encoder 100b of the lower layer and the information output from the entropy encoder 100a of the upper layer may be multiplexed by the MUX 197 and output as a bitstream.
  • the MUX 197 may be included in the encoder 100a of the upper layer or the encoder 100b of the lower layer, or may be implemented as an independent device or module separate from the encoder 100.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram schematically illustrating a decoding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the decoding apparatus 200 includes a decoder 200a of an upper layer and a decoder 200b of a lower layer.
  • the decoder 200a of the upper layer includes an entropy decoder 210, a reordering unit 220, an inverse quantization unit 230, an inverse transform unit 240, a prediction unit 250, a filter unit 260, and a memory 270. ) May be included.
  • the lower layer decoding unit 200b includes an entropy decoding unit 211, a reordering unit 221, an inverse quantization unit 231, an inverse transform unit 241, a prediction unit 251, a filter unit 261, and a memory 271. ) May be included.
  • the DEMUX 280 may demultiplex information for each layer and transmit the information to the decoders 200a and 200b for each layer.
  • the input bitstream may be decoded in a procedure opposite to that of the encoding apparatus.
  • the entropy decoders 210 and 211 may perform entropy decoding in a procedure opposite to that of the entropy encoder in the encoding apparatus.
  • Information for generating a prediction block among the information decoded by the entropy decoders 210 and 211 is provided to the predictors 250 and 251, and the residual value obtained by entropy decoding by the entropy decoders 210 and 211 is a reordering unit. It may be input to (220, 221).
  • the entropy decoders 210 and 211 may use at least one of CABAC and CAVLC.
  • the entropy decoders 210 and 211 may decode information related to intra prediction and inter prediction performed by the encoding apparatus.
  • the entropy decoder 210 or 211 may include a codeword mapping unit and include a codeword mapping table for generating a received codeword as an intra prediction mode number.
  • the codeword mapping table may be stored in advance or generated adaptively.
  • a codenum mapping unit for performing codenum mapping may be additionally provided.
  • the reordering units 220 and 221 may reorder the bitstreams entropy decoded by the entropy decoding units 210 and 211 based on a method of rearranging the bitstreams by the encoder. Coefficients expressed in the form of a one-dimensional vector may be reconstructed by reconstructing the coefficients in a two-dimensional block form.
  • the reordering units 220 and 221 may be realigned by receiving information related to coefficient scanning performed by the encoder and performing reverse scanning based on the scanning order performed by the corresponding encoder.
  • the inverse quantization units 230 and 231 may perform inverse quantization based on quantization parameters provided by the encoding apparatus and coefficient values of the rearranged block.
  • the inverse transformers 240 and 241 may perform inverse DCT or inverse DST on the DCT or DST performed by the transformers 130 and 131 with respect to the quantization result performed by the encoding apparatus.
  • the inverse transform may be performed based on a transmission unit determined by the encoding apparatus.
  • the DCT and the DST may be selectively performed by the transform unit of the encoding apparatus according to a plurality of pieces of information, such as a prediction method, a size of the current block, and a prediction direction.
  • the inverse transformers 240 and 241 of the decoding apparatus may convert Inverse transformation may be performed based on the performed transformation information. When the transform is performed, the transform may be performed based on the coding block rather than the transform block.
  • the prediction units 250 and 251 may generate the prediction blocks based on the prediction block generation related information provided by the entropy decoding units 210 and 211 and previously decoded blocks or picture information provided by the memories 270 and 271. .
  • the predictors 250 and 251 may include a prediction unit determiner, an inter prediction unit, and an intra prediction unit.
  • the prediction unit discriminator receives various information such as prediction unit information input from the entropy decoder, prediction mode information of the intra prediction method, and motion prediction related information of the inter prediction method, and distinguishes the prediction block from the current coding block. It is possible to determine whether to perform this inter prediction or intra prediction.
  • the inter prediction unit uses information required for inter prediction of the current prediction block provided by the encoding apparatus to the current prediction block based on information included in at least one of a previous picture or a subsequent picture of the current picture including the current prediction block. Inter prediction can be performed.
  • a motion prediction method of a prediction block included in a coding block based on a coding block uses a skip mode, a merge mode, a motion vector predictor (MVP) (AMVP). Mode) can be determined.
  • the intra prediction unit may generate a prediction block based on the reconstructed pixel information in the current picture.
  • intra prediction may be performed based on intra prediction mode information of the prediction block provided by the encoding apparatus.
  • the intra prediction unit is an MDIS filter that performs filtering on the reference pixel of the current block, a reference pixel interpolator that generates a reference pixel of an integer value or less by interpolating the reference pixel, and filters when the prediction mode of the current block is DC mode. It may include a DC filter for generating a prediction block through.
  • the predictor 250 of the upper layer decoder 200a may further include an inter-layer predictor that performs inter-layer prediction for predicting an upper layer by using information of the lower layer.
  • the inter-layer prediction unit may perform inter-layer prediction using intra prediction mode information and motion information.
  • prediction of a current block of an upper layer may be performed using motion information of a lower layer (reference layer) picture using a picture of a lower layer as a reference picture.
  • the picture of the reference layer used as the reference picture in inter-layer prediction may be a picture sampled according to the resolution of the current layer.
  • the motion information may include a motion vector and a reference index.
  • the value of the motion vector for the picture of the reference layer may be set to (0,0).
  • inter-layer prediction unit 123 may further perform inter-layer texture prediction, inter-layer motion prediction, inter-layer syntax prediction, and inter-layer difference prediction.
  • Inter-layer texture prediction may derive the texture of the current layer based on the texture of the reference layer.
  • the texture of the reference layer may be sampled according to the resolution of the current layer, and the inter-layer predictor may predict the texture of the current layer based on the sampled texture.
  • Inter-layer motion prediction may derive the motion vector of the current layer based on the motion vector of the reference layer. In this case, the motion vector of the reference layer may be scaled according to the resolution of the current layer.
  • the syntax of the current layer may be predicted based on the syntax of the reference layer.
  • the inter-layer prediction unit 123 may use the syntax of the reference layer as the syntax of the current layer.
  • the picture of the current layer may be reconstructed using the difference between the reconstructed image of the reference layer and the reconstructed image of the current layer.
  • the reconstructed block or picture may be provided to the filter units 260 and 261.
  • the filter units 260 and 261 may include a deblocking filter and an offset correction unit.
  • the deblocking filter of the decoding apparatus may receive the deblocking filter related information provided by the encoding apparatus and perform the deblocking filtering on the corresponding block in the decoding apparatus.
  • the offset correction unit may perform offset correction on the reconstructed image based on the type of offset correction and offset value information applied to the image during encoding.
  • the memories 270 and 271 may store the reconstructed picture or block to be used as the reference picture or the reference block, and output the reconstructed picture.
  • the encoding apparatus and the decoding apparatus may encode three or more layers instead of two layers.
  • a plurality of encoders for a higher layer and a decoder for a higher layer may be provided in correspondence to the number of upper layers. Can be.
  • SVC Scalable Video Coding
  • the current layer may generate a prediction sample of the current layer by using a decoded picture of a reference layer used for inter-layer prediction as a reference picture.
  • the picture of the decoded reference layer matches the scalability of the current layer.
  • Resampling may be performed and then used as a reference picture for inter-layer prediction of the current layer. Resampling means up-sampling or downsampling samples of a reference layer picture according to a picture size of a current layer.
  • the current layer refers to a layer on which current encoding or decoding is performed, and may be an enhancement layer or an upper layer.
  • the reference layer refers to a layer referenced by the current layer for inter-layer prediction and may be a base layer or a lower layer.
  • a picture (ie, a reference picture) of a reference layer used for inter layer prediction of the current layer may be referred to as an inter layer reference picture or an inter layer reference picture.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a process of performing inter-layer prediction of a current layer using a corresponding picture of a reference layer according to an embodiment to which the present invention is applied.
  • a corresponding picture of a reference layer corresponding to the current picture of the current layer may be reconstructed (S300).
  • the reference layer may mean a base layer or another enhancement layer having a lower resolution than the current layer.
  • the corresponding picture may mean a picture located at the same time zone as the current picture of the current layer.
  • the corresponding picture may be a picture having the same picture order count (POC) information as the current picture of the current layer.
  • the corresponding picture may belong to the same Access Unit (AU) as the current picture of the current layer.
  • the corresponding picture may have the same temporal level ID (TemporalID) as the current picture of the current layer.
  • the temporal level identifier may mean an identifier for specifying each of a plurality of layers that are coded scalable according to temporal resolution.
  • the interlayer reference picture may be generated by upsampling the corresponding picture reconstructed in step S300 (S310).
  • the interlayer reference picture may be used as a reference picture for inter-layer prediction of the current picture.
  • the current picture of the current layer may use one interlayer reference picture or may use a plurality of interlayer reference pictures.
  • the interlayer reference picture may include at least one of a first interlayer reference picture and a second interlayer reference picture.
  • the first interlayer reference picture may mean a reference picture that has been filtered for the integer position
  • the second interlayer reference picture may mean a reference picture that has not been filtered for the integer position.
  • the integer position may mean pixels of an integer unit of a corresponding picture to be upsampled.
  • n phases are generated, and at this time, zero phase positions (that is, n-fold integer pixels after interpolation) are generated. It may mean).
  • a detailed upsampling method will be described below with reference to FIG. 4.
  • a reference picture list including the interlayer reference picture generated in step S310 may be generated (S320).
  • the reference picture list for the current picture may include a reference picture (hereinafter, referred to as a temporal reference picture) belonging to the same layer as the current picture.
  • a temporal reference picture a reference picture belonging to the same layer as the current picture.
  • the temporal reference picture refers to a picture having an output order (eg, picture order count, POC) different from the current picture, which may be stored in a decoding picture buffer (DPB).
  • the temporal reference picture stored in the decoding picture buffer may be composed of a short-term reference picture and a long-term reference picture.
  • the near reference picture may mean a picture in which the difference between the current picture and the POC value is not large
  • the long distance reference picture may mean a picture in which the difference between the current picture and the POC value is large.
  • the information indicating the near reference picture that should be stored in the decoded picture buffer at the present time consists of an output order (POC) of the reference picture and a flag (used_by_curr_pic_s0_flag) indicating whether the current picture is directly referenced, and the reference picture set ( reference picture set).
  • POC output order
  • flag used_by_curr_pic_s0_flag
  • Pictures that are not shown in the reference picture set for the current picture may be marked (for example, unsed for reference) not to be used as reference pictures, and may be further removed from the decoding picture buffer.
  • LSB least significant bit
  • MSB most significant bit
  • the POC value of the reference picture can be derived by using a difference between the LSB value of the POC value of the reference picture and the MSB of the POC value of the current picture and the MSB of the POC value of the reference picture.
  • the reference picture list may include at least one of reference picture list 0 for L0 prediction and reference picture list 1 for L1 prediction.
  • the reference picture list 0 may be arranged in the order of a near reference picture having a POC value smaller than the current picture, a near reference picture having a POC value larger than the current picture, and a long range reference picture.
  • a near reference picture having a POC value larger than the current picture, a near reference picture having a POC value smaller than the current picture, and a long range reference picture may be arranged in this order.
  • the reference picture list may further include an interlayer reference picture. That is, in a multilayer structure (eg, scalable video coding and multi-view video coding), a reference picture of the same layer as well as a reference picture of another layer may be used as a reference picture of the enhancement layer.
  • a reference picture of the same layer as well as a reference picture of another layer may be used as a reference picture of the enhancement layer.
  • a picture belonging to a reference layer may be used as a reference picture.
  • the reference layer may be identified by the reference layer identifier RefPiclayerId of the slice header.
  • the reference layer identifier may be derived based on the syntax inter_layer_pred_layer_idc (hereinafter, referred to as an interlayer indicator) of the slice header.
  • the interlayer indicator may indicate a layer of a picture used by the current picture for inter-layer prediction.
  • the reference picture list may be configured in the order of a near reference picture and a long distance reference picture, and the interlayer reference picture may be added at the end of the reference picture.
  • the near reference picture may be arranged in order of a near reference picture having a POC value smaller than the POC value of the current picture, and a near reference picture having a POC value larger than the POC value of the current picture.
  • an interlayer reference picture may be added between temporal reference pictures.
  • it may be arranged after the first temporal reference picture in the reference picture list composed of the temporal reference pictures.
  • the first temporal reference picture in the reference picture list may mean a reference picture having a reference index of zero.
  • the interlayer reference picture when the interlayer reference picture is arranged after the first temporal reference picture, the temporal reference pictures except the first temporal reference picture may be arranged after the interlayer reference picture.
  • positions between the reference pictures may be further rearranged.
  • the interlayer reference picture may include at least one of the first interlayer reference picture and the second interlayer reference picture. Accordingly, a reference picture list including any one of a first interlayer reference picture and a second interlayer reference picture may be generated, and a reference picture list including both the first interlayer reference picture and the second interlayer reference picture is generated. In this case, this will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 5 to 7.
  • the encoding apparatus may signal information about which of the two layer reference pictures to use.
  • a reference index may be used for the selective use. Specifically, only the first interlayer reference picture may be selected by the reference index on a prediction block basis, or only the second interlayer reference picture may be selected, and both the first and second interlayer reference pictures are selected. May be
  • the interlayer reference picture is added to the reference picture list, it is necessary to change the range of the number of reference pictures arranged in the reference picture list or the number of reference indices allocated for each reference picture.
  • the ranges of num_ref_idx_l0_active_minus1 and num_ref_idx_l1_active_minus1 which are the syntaxes representing the maximum reference index values of the reference picture list for the current layer, range from 0 to 15.
  • the range of num_ref_idx_l0_active_minus1 and num_ref_idx_l1_active_minus1 is a value between 0 and 15. Can be defined.
  • the reference index maximum value of the reference picture list for the current layer is maximum.
  • the ranges of num_ref_idx_l0_active_minus1 and num_ref_idx_l1_active_minus1 which are syntaxes that represent NNs, may be defined as values between 0 and 16.
  • Inter-layer prediction of the current block may be performed based on the reference picture list generated in step S320 (S330).
  • a reference picture corresponding to the reference index of the current block is selected from the reference picture list.
  • the selected reference picture may be a temporal reference picture in the same layer as the current block or an interlayer reference picture upsampled from a corresponding picture of the reference layer.
  • a reference block in the reference picture may be specified based on the motion vector of the current block, and the sampled value or texture information of the current block may be predicted using the reconstructed sample value or texture information of the specified reference block.
  • the reference block when the reference picture corresponding to the reference index of the current block is an interlayer reference picture, the reference block may be a block at the same position as the current block.
  • the motion vector of the current block when the reference picture of the current block is an interlayer reference picture, the motion vector of the current block may be set to (0,0).
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a method of upsampling a corresponding picture of a reference layer according to an embodiment to which the present invention is applied.
  • a reference sample position of a reference layer corresponding to the current sample position of the current layer may be derived (S400).
  • the reference sample position corresponding to the current sample position may be derived in consideration of the resolution difference between the two. That is, the aspect ratio may be considered between the picture of the current layer and the picture of the reference layer.
  • an offset for correcting this may be required.
  • the reference sample position may be derived in consideration of the scale factor and the upsampled reference layer offset.
  • the scale factor may be calculated based on a ratio of the width and the height between the current picture of the current layer and the corresponding picture of the reference layer.
  • the upsampled reference layer offset may mean position difference information between any one sample located at the edge of the current picture and any one sample located at the edge of the interlayer reference picture.
  • the upsampled reference layer offset includes horizontal position information in the horizontal / vertical direction between the upper left sample of the current picture and the upper left sample of the interlayer reference picture, and the lower right sample of the current picture and the lower right sample of the interlayer reference picture.
  • Position difference information in the horizontal / vertical direction of the liver may be included.
  • the upsampled reference layer offset may be obtained from the bitstream.
  • the upsampled reference layer offset may be obtained from at least one of a video parameter set, a sequence parameter set, a picture parameter set, and a slice header. Can be.
  • the filter coefficient of the upsampling filter may be determined in consideration of the phase of the reference sample position derived in step S400 (S410).
  • the upsampling filter may be any one of a fixed upsampling filter and an adaptive upsampling filter.
  • the fixed upsampling filter may mean an upsampling filter having a predetermined filter coefficient without considering the feature of the image.
  • a tap filter may be used as the fixed upsampling filter, which may be defined for the luminance component and the chrominance component, respectively.
  • a fixed upsampling filter having an accuracy of 1/16 sample units will be described with reference to Tables 1 to 2.
  • Table 1 is a table that defines the filter coefficients of the fixed upsampling filter for the luminance component.
  • interpolation may be performed using a reference sample of a reference layer corresponding to the current sample of the current layer and a neighboring sample adjacent to the reference sample.
  • the neighbor sample may be specified according to the direction in which interpolation is performed. For example, when performing interpolation in the horizontal direction, the neighboring sample may include three consecutive samples to the left and four consecutive samples to the right based on the reference sample. Alternatively, when performing interpolation in the vertical direction, the neighboring sample may include three consecutive samples at the top and four consecutive samples at the bottom based on the reference sample.
  • the fixed upsampling filter may use different filter coefficients for each phase p. Except in the case where phase p is zero, the magnitude of each filter coefficient may be defined to fall in the range of 0 to 63. This means that the filtering is performed with a precision of 6 bits.
  • a phase p of 0 means a position of an integer multiple of n times when interpolated in units of 1 / n samples.
  • Table 2 is a table that defines the filter coefficients of the fixed upsampling filter for the chrominance components.
  • a 4-tap filter may be applied unlike the luminance component. That is, interpolation may be performed using a reference sample of a reference layer corresponding to the current sample of the current layer and a neighboring sample adjacent to the reference sample.
  • the neighbor sample may be specified according to the direction in which interpolation is performed. For example, when performing interpolation in the horizontal direction, the neighboring sample may include one sample to the left and two samples to the right based on the reference sample. Alternatively, when performing interpolation in the vertical direction, the neighboring sample may include one sample continuous to the top and two samples continuous to the bottom based on the reference sample.
  • each filter coefficient may be defined to be in the range of 0 to 62. This also means filtering with 6bits precision.
  • an 8-tap filter is applied to the luminance component and a 4-tap filter to the chrominance component
  • the present invention is not limited thereto, and the order of the tap filter may be variably determined in consideration of coding efficiency.
  • the order of the tap filter may be variably determined in consideration of coding efficiency.
  • an optimal filter coefficient may be determined by an encoder in consideration of characteristics of an image, signaled, and transmitted to a decoder.
  • the adaptive upsampling filter uses the filter coefficients that are adaptively determined in the encoder. Since the characteristics of the image are different in picture units, coding efficiency can be improved by using an adaptive upsampling filter that can express the characteristics of the image better than using a fixed upsampling filter in all cases.
  • the interlayer reference picture may be generated by applying the filter coefficient determined in operation S410 to the corresponding picture of the reference layer (S420).
  • interpolation may be performed by applying the determined filter coefficients of the upsampling filter to samples of the corresponding picture.
  • the interpolation may be performed primarily in the horizontal direction, and may be performed in the vertical direction secondary to the sample generated after the horizontal interpolation.
  • an output order (Picture Order Count, POC) can be assigned to the interlayer reference picture.
  • POC ture Order Count
  • FIG. 5 illustrates a method of constructing a reference picture list in consideration of pre-defined priorities between interlayer reference pictures according to an embodiment to which the present invention is applied.
  • the method may be applied when the slice of the current layer is a P slice and uses both the first interlayer reference picture and the second interlayer reference picture.
  • the present method may be applied when the slice of the current layer is a B slice or when the first interlayer reference picture and the second interlayer reference picture are added to the same reference picture list (for example, list L0 or list L1). have.
  • FIG. 5A illustrates a case in which the first interlayer reference picture is pre-defined as having a priority on the reference picture list than the second interlayer reference picture.
  • the priority may mean that the first interlayer reference picture has a reference index smaller than the second interlayer reference picture in the reference picture list.
  • a first interlayer reference picture that has been filtered for an integer position is added, and a first interlayer reference picture is added.
  • a second interlayer reference picture without performing filtering on the integer position may be added.
  • the interlayer reference picture having the priority according to the pre-defined priority performs filtering on the integer position.
  • One first interlayer reference picture may be indicated.
  • an interlayer reference picture having a relatively small reference index among two interlayer reference pictures having the same POC value may represent the first interlayer reference picture.
  • an interlayer reference picture with a subordinate or relatively large reference index in the reference picture list will represent a second interlayer reference picture.
  • FIG. 5B illustrates a case in which the second interlayer reference picture is defined as having a higher priority on the reference picture list than the first interlayer reference picture.
  • a second interlayer reference picture without performing filtering on the integer position May be added, and the first interlayer reference picture may be added after the second interlayer reference picture, which has been filtered for the integer position.
  • the interlayer reference picture having the priority according to the pre-defined priority performs filtering on the integer position.
  • a second interlayer reference picture not shown may be indicated.
  • an interlayer reference picture having a relatively small reference index among two interlayer reference pictures having the same POC value may represent the second interlayer reference picture.
  • an interlayer reference picture with a subordinate or relatively large reference index in the reference picture list will represent the first interlayer reference picture.
  • the maximum number of reference pictures that can be included in the reference picture list is the number of reference pictures in the reference picture list. If the number is the same, the subordinate interlayer reference picture may not be added.
  • the first interlayer reference picture which has been filtered for the integer position, is added, followed by the first interlayer reference picture.
  • a second interlayer reference picture without performing filtering on the low position may be added.
  • the long term reference picture may then be added after the second interlayer reference picture.
  • the interlayer reference picture having a priority according to a pre-defined priority is displayed. It may represent a first interlayer reference picture that has been filtered with respect to the integer position. Alternatively, an interlayer reference picture having a relatively small reference index among two interlayer reference pictures having the same POC value may represent the first interlayer reference picture.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates a method of adding an interlayer reference picture to a reference picture list in consideration of a slice type according to an embodiment to which the present invention is applied.
  • the current slice is a P slice, one reference picture list is used, whereas if it is a B slice, two reference picture lists, that is, reference picture list 0 and reference picture list 1, may be used.
  • the method can be applied to the case where both the first interlayer reference picture and the second interlayer reference picture are used, and the current slice is a B slice.
  • the first interlayer reference picture and the second interlayer reference picture may be added to different reference picture lists.
  • the near reference picture and the long range reference picture may be added to the reference picture list 0 and the reference picture list 1, respectively.
  • a near reference picture POC 0 and a long range reference picture POC 1 are arranged in the reference picture list 0
  • a near reference picture POC 3 and a long distance reference are arranged in the reference picture list 1.
  • the pictures POC 4 are arranged.
  • a second interlayer reference picture that has not been filtered for the integer position may be added to the reference picture list 0, and the first interlayer reference picture that has been filtered for the integer position may be added to the reference picture list 1. .
  • a reference picture having the same POC value as the current picture in reference picture list 0, that is, an interlayer reference picture having POC 2 refers to the second interlayer without performing filtering on the integer position. Indicates a picture.
  • a reference picture having the same POC value as the current picture in reference picture list 1, that is, an interlayer reference picture having POC 2 represents a first interlayer reference picture that has been filtered for the integer position.
  • the interlayer reference picture is not limited to being added after the long range reference picture. That is, an interlayer reference picture may be added after the near reference picture is added to the reference picture list, or the near reference picture may be added after the interlayer reference picture is added to the reference picture list.
  • the first interlayer reference picture that has been filtered for the integer position is added to the reference picture list 0, and the second interlayer reference picture that has not been filtered for the integer position is added to the reference picture list 1.
  • the reference picture list 0
  • the second interlayer reference picture that has not been filtered for the integer position is added to the reference picture list 1.
  • it can also be set to.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates a method of adding an inter-layer reference picture to a reference picture list in consideration of the number of reference pictures between reference picture lists as an embodiment to which the present invention is applied.
  • the first interlayer reference picture or the second interlayer reference picture When the number of reference pictures in either the reference picture list 0 or the reference picture list 1 is greater than the number of reference pictures in the other reference picture list, the first interlayer reference picture or the second interlayer reference picture. At least one of the plurality of reference pictures may be added to a list having a smaller number of reference pictures in the reference picture list of the reference picture list 0 or the reference picture list 1.
  • reference picture list 0 has a temporal reference picture which is POC 0, and reference picture list 1 has a temporal reference picture having POC 1, POC 3, and POC 4, respectively.
  • an interlayer reference picture may be added to reference picture list 0.
  • the reference picture having the priority among the interlayer reference pictures having the same POC value as the current picture in the reference picture list is decoded for the integer position. It can be seen that the second interlayer reference picture without filtering is performed, and the subordinate reference picture having the same POC value as the current picture can be regarded as representing the first interlayer reference picture that has been filtered for the integer position.
  • the present invention can be used to code a scalable video signal.

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Abstract

Selon l'invention, un procédé de décodage d'un signal vidéo évolutif consiste: à décoder une image correspondante présente dans une couche de référence correspondant à une image courante présente dans une couche courante; à générer une image de référence inter-couches par suréchantillonnage de l'image correspondante décodée; à générer une liste d'images de référence inter-couches comprenant l'image de référence inter-couches; et à réaliser une prédiction inter-couches d'un bloc courant en fonction de la liste d'images de référence générée.
PCT/KR2014/006378 2013-07-15 2014-07-15 Procédé et appareil de codage/décodage d'un signal vidéo évolutif WO2015009022A1 (fr)

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WO2013006114A2 (fr) * 2011-07-05 2013-01-10 Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) Gestion d'image de référence pour vidéo en couches
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WO2012148139A2 (fr) * 2011-04-26 2012-11-01 엘지전자 주식회사 Procédé de gestion d'une liste d'images de référence, et appareil l'utilisant
KR20120138712A (ko) * 2011-06-15 2012-12-26 광운대학교 산학협력단 스케일러블 비디오 코딩 및 디코딩 방법과 이를 이용한 장치
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