Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
  • H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
  • H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
  • H05B1/0227—Applications
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
  • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
  • H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
  • H05B3/34—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
  • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
  • H05B2203/002—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements
  • H05B2203/005—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements using multiple resistive elements or resistive zones isolated from each other
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
  • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
  • H05B2203/032—Heaters specially adapted for heating by radiation heating
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
  • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
  • H05B2203/035—Electrical circuits used in resistive heating apparatus
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
  • H05B2214/00—Aspects relating to resistive heating, induction heating and heating using microwaves, covered by groups H05B3/00, H05B6/00
  • H05B2214/02—Heaters specially designed for de-icing or protection against icing

Definitions

• the invention relates to the method of regulating electrical heating, where infrared heating foils are used as a heat source.
• the invention also relates to the equipment used to carry out this regulating method.
• the invention is generally a part of heating and its aim is mainly to save electrical energy on optimize heating systems.
• Heating via infrared foils can certainly be described as a modern way of heating with many positive features for its users and for installation companies in terms of the possibility of using dry installation of heating foils as underfloor heating.
• the biggest drawback of this heating method is the high output of foil of 220W-240W per 1 m 2 , which causes very high power consumption, and last but not least, also substantial restrictions relating to the size of the installed surface of the foils, as until now the only option for regulating this method of heating has been to use a thermostat.
• a thermostat maintains the temperature in a monitored building primarily using a foil heat sensor. Once the desired temperature is reached the thermostat switches off the electrical supply to the heat source, and when the temperature drops the power supply switches the source on.
• a significant disadvantage of such regulating is the fact that, in principle this means the continuous switching on and off of the power of the entire heat source, in this case infrared heating foils.
• infrared foil represents relatively high output, typically up to 240 W per 1 m2 of the heating surface, and foils are also connected in parallel, at the moment of switching such a regulating method leads to large current surges that can activate overcurrent protection in the electrical network of the building even with a smaller area of installed foils.
• power consumption is very- high, as the entire installed area of the foils is switched on.
• the use of infrared foils regulated by a thermostat is to a large extent limited, as this restriction applies to the size of the installed surfaces of the foils.
• the nature of the invention is the method of regulating electrical heating, where infrared heating foils are used as a heat source for heating systems.
• This invention also relates to the equipment used to carry out this regulating method.
• the method of regulating based on this invention consists of dividing the installed surfaces of infrared foils into so-called circuits.
• One circuit represents a strip of foil, wherein a condition for connecting to circuits is that every two circuits next to each other, e.g. the first with the second, must draw the exact same current.
• the third and fourth circuits must also mutually draw the same current, but it can be different from the first and second circuit.
• infrared foils contain one or two such circuits, always representing one laid strip of foil in a room.
• connection represented by this invention there are always two circuits connected in series and connected to a power unit via three cables according to the following diagram in Fig. 2, where the first cable is connected at the beginning of the first circuit, the second cable is connected to the central outlet, which is defined by the connection of the end of the first and beginning of the second circuit, and the third cable is connected to the end of the second circuit.
• the method of regulating electrical heating using heating foils to decrease power consumption is characterized by the fact that it is based on controlled switching of heating circuits , where each is formed by a heating foil, from a series connection to a parallel, and the switching of heating circuits is controlled by a control unit connected by a data cable with at least one power unit containing a processor and at least one power semiconductor switch. Only one heating circuit is also at the same time connected in parallel until the second circuit is disabled. Until the moment when the second circuit is to be connected in parallel, i.e. at full power, this circuit is connected in series, i.e. at half power. Switching circuits from a series connection to parallel takes place in the order of tens of milliseconds.
• the equipment used to carry out the aforementioned method includes at least one power unit, also described as a so-called "worker”, and the power unit is controlled by a processor.
• the processor controls the currently suitable on and off switching of power semiconductor switches, so-called “triacs” , which are contained in the power unit and are sufficiently dimensioned with regard to the current consumption of the controlled circuit, and consequently the entire heating system - see Fig. 3 and 4.
• the equipment contains at least two circuits, where each is made up of a heating foil strip. The entire switching process is fast enough in the order of tens of milliseconds considering the structure and radiation inertia of the heating foils so that it does not negatively affect the functionality and intended purpose of the heating foils.
• the processor also immediately reacts to the existing development of the temperature in the room using a thermal module, which is advantageously a part of the power unit, and to the selected heating regime which was configured on the control unit based on this invention.
• the software of the control unit is conveniently created so that it contains at least one regime, where current is consumed in the range of 40-45% of the volume of the consumed current compared to the normal state. Every 90 seconds the software measures the room temperature, and on the basis of this, if there is a decrease in the temperature under the determined level then the heating will be turned on. This process was optimized in view of the fact that the output of the foils was decreased, e.g. for retaining heat regimes for tempering the room, when the room temperature is actually low, there is a very slow rise in temperature. The software of this equipment thus allows for the elimination of the above-described problem by the constant current consumption in the range of 40-45% compared to the normal state .
• the power units are controlled by the control unit conveniently containing an alphanumeric display and touch sensors, which, in combination with a clear and simple user interface provides maximum comfort and ease of use of this equipment.
• the control unit also conveniently contains a GSM module that allows for remote controlling of the heating system through a mobile device, e.g. a mobile phone.
• the control unit is designed for serving up to 8 power units that represent individual heating zones. This makes it possible to obtain a unique opportunity to control a heated area in the range of 800 m2 of heating foils via one type of equipment, which corresponds to a heated area of 960m2.
• This invention also proposes the use of a power unit for large area heating, in particular the possibility to heat outdoor areas e.g. football fields as protection against ice or snow.
• a large number of power units are connected for large area heating, depending on the heated area.
• the temperature of the heating foils is directly scanned, and the activity of the power unit is regulated based on the desired temperature. Compared to the standard scanning of the ambient temperature, all that is necessary is to scan the temperature of the heating foils.
• Fig. 1 shows the existing diagram of the parallel connection of heating foils
• Fig. 2 shows the diagram of the connection of two heating circuits to the power unit based on this invention
• Fig. 3 shows the diagram of the connection of six heating circuits to the power unit based on this invention
• Fig. 4 shows the diagram of the equipment containing the control unit connected via a data cable to a power unit containing a processor and power semiconductor switches, which, using electrical conductors are connected with six heating circuits from the heating foils connected using the method based on this invention.
• the equipment according to this example in Fig. 4 contains a control unit 1 connected via a data cable 2 with a power unit 3 containing a processor 31 for controlling on and off switching of power semiconductor switches 32, which are dimensioned in view of the current consumption of the controlled circuit 6 and the heating system, whereas power unit 3 is connected via electric conductors 5 to circuits 6 made up of heating foils 61, so that one heating circuit 6 represents a heating foils strip 61, where a condition of the connection to the circuits 6 is that every two circuits placed next to each other consume exactlv the same current. Heatin foils 61 are connected to the power unit 3 so as to allow for a series and parallel connection of one heating circuit 6.
• a power cable 4 connected to power unit 3 is used to supply power to the equipment.
• the method of regulating based on this invention consists of controlled switching of circuits 6 from a series connection to parallel, with the condition that always only one circuit 6 is simultaneously connected in parallel until the second circuit 6 is disabled. Until the moment the second circuit is to be connected in parallel, i.e. at full power, this circuit is connected in series, i.e. at half power.
• This measure eliminates power surges, as it always leads to a subsequent gradual increase in power, first circuit 6 is connected to the power consumption and therefore an increase from zero to half power, and only then to the transition from half power to full power of the foil 61.
• Such a connection ensures that the heating foil 61 never completely cools, because this switching of the circuit 6 from a series to parallel connection takes place in the order of tens of milliseconds.
• Such connection also protects power semiconductor switches 32 against excessive power surges and largely eliminates their warming.
• the equipment instead of one power unit 3 the equipment contains two power units 3, which are mutually connected via a data cable 2 so that they utilize mutual heating rotation. This means that when they receive instructions from the control unit, the two power units alternate with each other and current is drawn as if only one power unit was being used to provide heating.
• Control unit 1 is fitted with an alphanumeric display and touch sensors.
• Zone regulating means that a power unit 3 is installed in each room or rooms where it is suitable to have an individual temperature regime configured.
• the control unit 1 includes a GSM module that allows for heating systems to be controlled remotely via a mobile device.
• a power unit 3 for large area heating is designed. This mainly regards the possibility to heat outdoor areas e.g. football fields as protection against ice or snow.
• a large number of power units 3 are connected for large area heating, depending on the heated area.
• the temperature of the heating foils 61. is directly scanned, and the activity of the power unit 3 is regulated based on the desired temperature. Compared to the standard scanning of the ambient temperature, all that is necessary is to scan the temperature of the heating foils.
• the invention is industrially applicable particularly in the space heating of buildings, including homes, office and industrial buildings and other premises where it is desirable to regulate the internal temperature, or where regulating of the temperature of the heating foils is required.

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• Central Heating Systems (AREA)
• Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=51392003

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (2)

Citations (4)

• 2013
  • 2013-07-19 CZ CZ2013-575A patent/CZ2013575A3/cs unknown
• 2014
  • 2014-07-22 WO PCT/CZ2014/000084 patent/WO2015007254A1/en not_active Ceased

Patent Citations (4)

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