WO2014205481A1 - Appareil et procédé pour traiter un matériau d'extraction minière - Google Patents

Appareil et procédé pour traiter un matériau d'extraction minière Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014205481A1
WO2014205481A1 PCT/AU2014/000648 AU2014000648W WO2014205481A1 WO 2014205481 A1 WO2014205481 A1 WO 2014205481A1 AU 2014000648 W AU2014000648 W AU 2014000648W WO 2014205481 A1 WO2014205481 A1 WO 2014205481A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fragments
mined material
mined
radiation
screen
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AU2014/000648
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Samuel Kingman
Christopher Dodds
Aled Jones
Andrew Batchelor
Grant Ashley Wellwood
Original Assignee
Technological Resources Pty Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from AU2013902304A external-priority patent/AU2013902304A0/en
Application filed by Technological Resources Pty Limited filed Critical Technological Resources Pty Limited
Publication of WO2014205481A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014205481A1/fr

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02CCRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C19/00Other disintegrating devices or methods
    • B02C19/18Use of auxiliary physical effects, e.g. ultrasonics, irradiation, for disintegrating
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02CCRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B02C23/08Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
    • B02C23/16Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with separator defining termination of crushing or disintegrating zone, e.g. screen denying egress of oversize material
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B1/00Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for treating mined material, and relates particularly, although not exclusively, to an apparatus and a method for treating mined materials with microwave radiation and sorting the treated material .
  • the term "mined” material is understood herein to include metalliferous material and non-metalliferous material. Iron-containing and copper-containing ores are examples of metalliferous material. Coal is an example of a non- metalliferous material.
  • the term “mined” material is also understood herein to include (a) run-of-mine material and (b) run-of-mine material that has been subjected to at least primary crushing or similar size reduction after the material has been mined and prior to being sorted.
  • mined material includes mined material that is in stockpiles.
  • the present invention also relates to recovering valuable material from mined material and relates particularly, although not exclusively, to treating mined material at high throughputs.
  • the fragments may include gangue and valuable material (such as copper or iron containing minerals) and the exposure of the
  • fragments to high power-density electric fields related to the high intensity microwave radiation causes preferential heating and resultant thermal expansion of some of the components of the fragments, which results in formation of micro-cracks and macro-cracks .
  • the formation of the cracks is directly related to the value and rate of development of a temperature differential that is created during the application of the high intensity microwave radiation.
  • the present invention provides in a first aspect an
  • apparatus for treating mined material comprising: a source for generating electromagnetic radiation; a radiation applicator for exposing fragments of the mined material to the electromagnetic radiation in a manner such that fractures are formed within at least some of the fragments of the mined material that include
  • a surface arranged such that fragments of the mined material that exit the radiation applicator are moved by gravity against, or to the proximity of, the surface and a resultant impact force causes breaking of at least a portion of the fractured fragments of the mined material that include the valuable material; and a sorting arrangement for sorting broken fragments of the mined material as a function of diameter.
  • suitable electromagnetic radiation such as suitable microwave radiation
  • the apparatus may be arranged such that the fragments of the mined material are moved from the radiation applicator to the surface exclusively by gravity and broken fragments of the mined material are moved through the sorting arrangement exclusively by gravity.
  • the sorting arrangement comprises a screen and the surface may be a surface of the screen. The screen may also be separate from the surface and the apparatus may be arranged such that the fragments of the mined material are moved against the surface before being directed to the screen.
  • the screen may have apertures that have a diameter that is larger than a diameter of at least a portion of the broken fragments of the mined material, and smaller than at least a portion of unbroken fragments of the mined material; wherein the apparatus is arranged such that a portion of the broken fragments of the mined material pass through the apertures by gravity, whereby at least a portion of the fragments that include valuable material are separated from remaining mined material .
  • the impact force may be a consequence of a direct impact of the fragments of the mined material with the surface and/or may be a consequence of an impact with other fragments of the mined material in the proximity of the surface.
  • the surface may be stationary and the apparatus may be arranged such that the impact force is exclusively a result of kinetic energy of the mined material as moved by gravity.
  • the surface is arranged for moving, such as vibrating, and the apparatus may be arranged such that the vibration of the surface contributes to the impact force.
  • the diameter of the apertures may be smaller than that of at least a portion on unbroken fragments of the mined material.
  • the apertures may have a diameter in the range 10mm - 20mm, 20mm - 30mm, 40mm - 50mm, 50mm - 60mm, 60mm - 70mm, 70 - 80mm.
  • the apparatus may comprise an arrangement for vibrating the screen to facilitate movement of the broken fragments of the mined material through the apertures .
  • the surface may be of any suitable shape and may for example have a rounded cross-sectional shape or a troughlike cross-sectional shape. In one specific embodiment the surface has a flat shape.
  • the surface may have any suitable shape and may for example have a rounded cross-sectional shape or a troughlike cross-sectional shape. In one specific embodiment the surface has a flat shape.
  • the surface may have any suitable shape and may for example have a rounded cross-sectional shape or a troughlike cross-sectional shape. In one specific embodiment the surface has a flat shape.
  • the surface may have any suitable shape and may for example have a rounded cross-sectional shape or a troughlike cross-sectional shape. In one specific embodiment the surface has a flat shape.
  • the surface may have any suitable shape and may for example have a rounded cross-sectional shape or a troughlike cross-sectional shape. In one specific embodiment the surface has a flat shape.
  • the surface may have any suitable shape and may for example have
  • the surface may be oriented substantially perpendicular relative to a direction of gravity.
  • the surface may have a suitable inclined orientation.
  • the source may be arranged to generate microwave
  • the microwave radiation may have any suitable wavelength in the range of 300 MHz - 300 GHz, 500 MHz - 30 GHz or 600 MHz - 3 GHz, for example 2450 MHz or 915 MHz.
  • the apparatus is arranged such that the microwave radiation causes heating of the fragments of the mined material in the radiation applicator such that an associated power-density in the heated fragments of the mined material is at least 1 x 10 9 W/cm 3 , 1 x 10 10 W/cm , typically at least 1 x 10 11 W/cm 3 .
  • the apparatus may comprise a first conduit for directing the fragments of the mined material to the radiation applicator and may also comprise a second conduit for directing the fragments from the radiation applicator to the surface.
  • the first conduit may comprise a reflective structure that is arranged such that propagation of the electromagnetic radiation from the radiation applicator through the first conduit is reduced in a manner such that the fragments of the mined material entering the radiation applicator experience an increase in electric field intensity at a rate of at least 15 dB/m.
  • the second conduit may comprise a suitable reflective structure that is arranged to reflect microwave radiation that penetrates from the cavity into the second conduit.
  • the present invention provides in a second aspect a method for treating mined material, the method comprising the steps of: directing fragments of the mined material to a radiation applicator for treating the fragments of the mined material with electromagnetic radiation; exposing the fragments of the mined material to the electromagnetic radiation in a manner such that fractures are formed within at least some of the fragments of the mined material that include valuable material; and
  • the impact force may be a conseguence of a direct impact of the fragments of the mined material with the surface and/or may be a consequence of an impact with other fragments of the mined material in the proximity of the surface.
  • the surface may be stationary and the impact force may exclusively be result of the kinetic energy of the mined material as moved by gravity.
  • the surface may be arranged for moving, such as vibrating, and the vibration of the surface may contribute to the impact force .
  • the method may comprise moving fragments of the mined material from the radiation applicator to the surface exclusively by gravity and moving broken fragments of the mined material through the sorting arrangement exclusively by gravity.
  • the method further comprises the step of providing a screen.
  • the surface may be a surface of the screen.
  • the surface may be separate from the screen and the fragments may be directed to the screen after being directed against, or to the proximity of, the surface .
  • the screen may have apertures that have a diameter that is larger than a diameter of at least a portion of the broken fragments of the mined material, and smaller than at least a portion of unbroken fragments of the mined material, and wherein the step of directing the at least a portion of the broken fragments through the sorting arrangement comprises directing the at least a portion of the broken fragments through the apertures by gravity, whereby at least a portion of the fragments that include valuable material are separated from remaining mined material .
  • the diameter of the apertures may be smaller than that of at least a portion on unbroken fragments of the mined material.
  • the apertures may have a diameter in the range of 10mm - 20mm, 20mm - 30mm, 40mm - 50mm, 50mm - 60mm, 60mm - 70mm, 70 - 80mm.
  • the step of separating includes allowing gravity to direct at least a portion of the broken fragments through the apertures of the screen.
  • the electromagnetic radiation may be microwave radiation.
  • the microwave radiation may have any suitable wavelength in the range of 300 MHz - 300 GHz, 500 MHz - 30 GHz or 600 MHz - 3 GHz, for example 2450 MHz or 915 MHz.
  • the step of exposing the fragments of the mined material to the electromagnetic radiation may comprise exposing the fragments of the mined material to microwave radiation thereby causing heating of the fragments of the mined material in the radiation applicator such that an
  • associated power-density in the heated fragments of the mined material is at least 1 x 10 " W/cm , 1 x 10 W/cm , typically at least 1 x 10 11 W/cm 3 .
  • the method may also comprise vibrating the screen to facilitate movement of the broken fragments through the apertures .
  • the present invention provides in a third aspect a method for sorting mined material, the method comprising the steps of: providing the mined material, the mined material including first and second types of fragments, the
  • fragments of the first type including valuable material and having fractures; directing the fragments against or to the proximity of a surface such that an impact force breaks at least some of the fragments of the first type into smaller fragments; and separating at least a portion of the broken fragments form remaining fragments of the mined material.
  • the impact force may be a consequence of a direct impact of the fragments of the mined material with the surface and/or may be a consequence of an impact with other fragments of the mined material in the proximity of the surface.
  • the surface may be stationary and the impact force may exclusively by a result of kinetic energy of the mined material as moved by gravity.
  • the surface may be arranged for moving, such as vibrating and the vibration of the surface may contribute to the impact force .
  • the step of providing the mined material including the first and second types of fragments may comprise exposing the fragments of the mined material to the electromagnetic radiation in a manner such that the fractures are formed within at least some of the fragments of the mined
  • electromagnetic radiation may be microwave radiation.
  • the microwave radiation may have any suitable wavelength in the range of 300 MHz - 300 GHz, 500 MHz - 30 GHz or 600 MHz - 3 GHz, for example 2450 MHz or 915 MHz.
  • Exposing the fragments of the mined material to the electromagnetic radiation may comprise exposing the fragments of the mined material to microwave radiation thereby causing heating of the fragments of the mined material in the radiation applicator such that an associated power-density in the heated fragments of the mined material is at least 1 x 10 9 W/cm 3 , 1 x 10 10 W/cm 3 , typically at least 1 x 10 11 W/cm 3 .
  • the surface is a surface of a screen.
  • the method comprises the step of directing the fragments to a screen after directing the fragments against the surface.
  • the screen may have apertures having a diameter that is larger in diameter than a diameter of at least a portion of broken fragments of the mined material. Further, the diameter of the apertures may be smaller than that of at least a portion on unbroken fragments of the mined
  • the apertures may have a diameter in the range of 10mm - 20mm, 20mm - 30mm, 40mm - 50mm, 50mm - 60mm, 60mm - 70mm, 70 - 80mm.
  • separating at least a portion of the broken fragments from remaining fragments may include allowing gravity to direct at least a portion of the broken fragments of the mined material through the apertures of the screen.
  • the method may also comprise vibrating the screen to facilitate movement of the broken fragments of the mined material through the apertures .
  • Figures 1 to 3 are schematic representations of an
  • Figure 4 is a flow chart of a method of treating mined material in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention . Detailed Description of Specific Embodiments
  • the apparatus and a method for treating and sorting fragments of mined material are directed to a microwave applicator and exposed to
  • the screen has apertures that are sufficiently large such that the broken (smaller) fragments pass through the apertures, but are sufficiently small such that at least a significant portion of the unbroken fragments will not pass through the apertures whereby the broken fragments that include the valuable material are separated from remaining mined material.
  • the apparatus 100, 200 which are used for treating mined material in accordance with specific embodiments of the present invention, are now described.
  • the apparatus 200 is related to the apparatus 100 and the same reference numerals are used for like components.
  • the apparatus 100, 200 comprise a crusher 102 that is arranged to receive mined material.
  • the mined material may be run of mine ore, such as a copper, nickel or iron containing ore or another suitable ore.
  • the crusher 102 is in this
  • fragments 103 of the mined material have a particle size in the range of 50 - 100mm (such as of the order of 75mm), but may alternatively also have other suitable sizes.
  • the fragments 103 of the mined material are then directed by conveyor belt 104 into chute 106.
  • the chute 106 provides a vertical passage through which the fragments 103 fall by gravity in the form of a packed bed.
  • the chute 106 is a conduit that surrounds the falling
  • the radiation applicator 108 is arranged to expose the fragments 103 to microwave radiation and the apparatus 100, 200 also comprise a microwave generator (not shown) that is arranged to generate high-intensity microwave radiation.
  • the radiation applicator 108 is positioned such that the fragments 103 are exposed to the microwave radiation when the fragments 103 fall through the microwave applicator 108 by gravity.
  • the fragments 103 exit through an exit portion of the radiation applicator 108 and chute 112 directs the falling fragments 103 to a screen 114 of the apparatus 100 or a screen 118 of the apparatus 200.
  • the microwave generator generates microwave radiation which by interaction with mined material, such as ore, induces the microwave absorbing phase such that a
  • resulting power-density in the microwave absorbent phase of the ore is in the region of 10 6 -10 14 W/m 3 .
  • Different types of materials have a different receptiveness for microwave radiation (depending on their dielectric
  • minerals, silicates or similar that form rock have a thermal expansion coefficient that is different to that of copper or iron containing minerals and also absorb a different amount of energy when exposed to the
  • micro-cracks typically form around the boundaries of the hot mineral phase enclosed in the gangue, which facilitates material separation.
  • the screen 114 of the apparatus 100 has a plurality of apertures. Each aperture has in this embodiment a
  • the screen 114 comprises an arrangement 115 for vibrating the screen 114.
  • the fragments 103 fall from the chute 112 directly onto the screen 114 or collide with other fragments 103 in the proximity of the screen 114.
  • micro-cracks form in the fragments 103 that include the valuable material. Due to the formed micro-cracks impact forces are sufficient to break the fragments 103 that include valuable material into smaller fragments 118. The impact forces are a consequence of kinetic energy that the falling fragments gained and a consequence of the
  • the portion of the impact force that is a result of the kinetic energy of the mined material is significantly larger than the portion provided by the vibration of the screen 114 (which typically is ⁇ 0.1 kW/t) .
  • the apertures of the screen 114 are sized such that the smaller broken fragments 118 ("accepts") pass through the apertures and are then collected by a sorting bin 116 for further processing.
  • the screen 114 has an arrangement for vibrating 115 that vibrates the screen 114 in a horizontal direction in order to facilitate the passing of the broken fragments 118 through the apertures of the screen 114.
  • the unbroken fragments 119 (“rejects") that are too large to pass through the apertures of the screen 114 then pass into bin 120 and may be stockpiled.
  • the apparatus 200 comprises a surface 113 that is in this embodiment inclined and that is provided in addition to the screen 114. Again, micro-cracks will form in the fragments 103 that include valuable material when these fragments 103 are exposed to the microwave radiation in the radiation applicator 108. The fragments then fall onto the surface 113 and at least a significant portion of the fragments 103 in which micro-cracks have formed will break up into smaller fragments 119 as a consequence of the impact force on the surface 113.
  • the screen 114 separates the smaller broken fragments 118 ("accepts") from the larger unbroken fragments 119 ("rejects”) . The broken fragments are collected in the bin 116 and the unbroken fragments are collected in the bin 120.
  • the screens 114 and 118 may not necessarily be planar screens, but may have any other suitable shape.
  • the apparatus 300 also comprises the same components as the apparatus 100 described above, but only the radiation applicator 108, the chutes 106, 112 and a microwave source 302 are shown and now described in further detail.
  • the chutes 106 and 112 comprise confining chokes 304, 306, respectively.
  • the confining chokes 304, 306 are arranged to restrict via reflection the propagation of the electromagnetic field and thus microwave radiation out of the radiation applicator 108 such that 90% of the electric field is confined over a set distance within the radiation applicator 108.
  • the confining chokes 304 are effective to provide an abrupt change in electric field intensity as fragments of the mined materials (ores) move from the choke 304 into the applicator.
  • the highly localised increase in temperature due to the abrupt change in electrical field intensity results in uneven thermal expansion that in turn provides a higher degree of
  • a further benefit of the confining chokes 304, 306 is that the loss of energy through the chute portion is reduced, which increases the energy available in the radiation applicator 108 and consequently further
  • the confining chokes 304, 306 are arranged such that the electric field intensity decreases at a rate of 15 dB/m (typically at least 20 or 30 dB/m) in directions away from the radiation applicator 108.
  • the method 400 comprises an initial step 402 of directing run of mine ore to a crusher for fragmentation.
  • the resulting fragments typically have a diameter in the range of 50 - 100mm, such as of the order of 75mm.
  • Step 404 directs the fragments of the mined material to a radiation applicator for treating the fragments of the mined material with microwave radiation that is sufficient such that micro-cracks form in fragments of the mined material that include valuable material.
  • Step 406 exposes the fragments of the mined material to the microwave radiation in a manner such that the
  • Step 407 directs the exposed
  • Step 408 allows broken fragments to pass through apertures of a vibrating screen and separates the broken (accepted) fragments form unbroken (rejected) fragments.
  • Floatation or leaching step 412 is used to extract the valuable material from the accepted fragments and the valuable material is then concentrated (step 414) .
  • Rejected fragments are stockpiled (step 410) .
  • the broken (accepted) fragments may be grinded such that even smaller fragments are formed and the even smaller fragments are then treating using leaching or flotation.
  • the apparatus 100, 200 or 300 may be arranged to generate microwave radiation having any suitable frequency.
  • chute portion 106 may not necessarily be arranged vertically and may have any suitable cross- sectional shape, diameter and length. Further, the chute portions 106 and 112 may not necessarily comprise the described confining chokes 304, 306.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un appareil pour traiter un matériau d'extraction minière. L'appareil comprend une source pour générer un rayonnement électromagnétique, et un applicateur de rayonnement pour exposer des fragments du matériau d'extraction minière au rayonnement électromagnétique de telle manière que des fractures sont formées à l'intérieur de certains des fragments du matériau d'extraction minière, ces derniers comprenant un matériau de valeur. L'appareil comprend également une surface agencée de telle sorte que des fragments du matériau d'extraction minière qui sortent de l'applicateur de rayonnement sont à nouveau déplacés par gravité contre la surface, ou à proximité de cette dernière. Une force d'impact résultante provoque une rupture d'au moins une partie des fragments fracturés du matériau d'extraction minière qui comprennent le matériau de valeur. L'appareil comprend également un agencement de tri pour trier des fragments rompus du matériau d'extraction minière en fonction d'un diamètre des fragments rompus du matériau d'extraction minière.
PCT/AU2014/000648 2013-06-24 2014-06-20 Appareil et procédé pour traiter un matériau d'extraction minière WO2014205481A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2013902304 2013-06-24
AU2013902304A AU2013902304A0 (en) 2013-06-24 An apparatus and a method for treating mined material

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2014205481A1 true WO2014205481A1 (fr) 2014-12-31

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108246475A (zh) * 2018-02-07 2018-07-06 能诚集团有限公司 一种多级破碎机构
US10526685B2 (en) 2015-10-30 2020-01-07 Technological Resources Pty. Limited Heap leaching
US10563284B2 (en) 2018-05-09 2020-02-18 Technological Resources Pty. Limited Leaching copper-containing ores
US10563287B2 (en) 2017-04-06 2020-02-18 Technological Resources Pty. Limited Leaching copper-containing ores

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100263483A1 (en) * 2009-04-15 2010-10-21 Phoenix Environmental Reclamation System and method for recovering minerals

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100263483A1 (en) * 2009-04-15 2010-10-21 Phoenix Environmental Reclamation System and method for recovering minerals

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10526685B2 (en) 2015-10-30 2020-01-07 Technological Resources Pty. Limited Heap leaching
US10563287B2 (en) 2017-04-06 2020-02-18 Technological Resources Pty. Limited Leaching copper-containing ores
CN108246475A (zh) * 2018-02-07 2018-07-06 能诚集团有限公司 一种多级破碎机构
US10563284B2 (en) 2018-05-09 2020-02-18 Technological Resources Pty. Limited Leaching copper-containing ores

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