WO2014202075A1 - Method for operating and servicing a compressor - Google Patents

Method for operating and servicing a compressor Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2014202075A1
WO2014202075A1 PCT/DE2014/200258 DE2014200258W WO2014202075A1 WO 2014202075 A1 WO2014202075 A1 WO 2014202075A1 DE 2014200258 W DE2014200258 W DE 2014200258W WO 2014202075 A1 WO2014202075 A1 WO 2014202075A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
valve
compressor
valves
valve assembly
assembly
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2014/200258
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Harald Schulz
Peter Dahms
Original Assignee
J.P. Sauer & Sohn Maschinenbau Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by J.P. Sauer & Sohn Maschinenbau Gmbh filed Critical J.P. Sauer & Sohn Maschinenbau Gmbh
Priority to EP14736279.2A priority Critical patent/EP3011180B1/en
Publication of WO2014202075A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014202075A1/en
Priority to CY20171100617T priority patent/CY1119096T1/en

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/10—Adaptations or arrangements of distribution members
    • F04B39/1066—Valve plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/08—Actuation of distribution members

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for operating and maintaining a compressor with at least one valve assembly.
  • compressors in particular piston compressors, have inlet and outlet valves, which are subject to wear and usually have to be replaced at regular intervals.
  • the method according to the invention represents an operating method or maintenance method for a compressor, in particular a piston compressor, which has at least one valve assembly which is to be replaced at regular intervals as a result of wear.
  • the valve assembly and the compressor are designed in a special way in such a way that the valve assembly is symmetrical and allows installation in the compressor in two different, rotated by 180 ° to each other layers.
  • the valve assembly points at least one first and one second valve, one of which functions as an inlet valve and as an outlet valve during operation.
  • the at least one first and the at least one second valve have in a known manner in each case at least one valve or closure element as well as a corresponding valve seat on which the closure element can sealingly come to rest in order to close a flow path.
  • the valve assembly has for this purpose a valve housing, in which the valve elements and the valve seats are arranged or formed. For each valve, there are inlet and outlet ports through which the gas can enter and exit the valve.
  • the valve seat is preferably connected to the inlet opening of the valve.
  • the two valves are arranged in the valve assembly in cross section point symmetrical to each other. Ie. the two valves are arranged point-symmetrically with respect to an axis extending transversely to the flow direction of the valves. In particular, both valves have the same flow cross-section. This allows the valve assembly to be rotated by 180 ° around this symmetry axis in order to realize two possible installation positions with identical functions. Because of this symmetry, the first and second valves have opposite directions of flow. Thus, one valve always acts as an inlet valve while the other can act as an outlet valve in the opposite flow direction.
  • the symmetry axis forms a central axis about which the assembly can be rotated and with respect to which the two mutually rotated by 180 ° layers or installation positions of the valve assembly are defined in the compressor.
  • the first valve of the valve assembly forms the inlet valve and the at least one second valve forms an outlet valve.
  • the first forms Valve is an outlet valve and the at least second valve acts as an inlet valve.
  • valve assembly makes possible an operating method according to the invention, according to which the compressor is operated in such a way that first the valve assembly is used in its first position or installed position in the compressor for a predetermined first period of time. Ie. For example, for a predetermined number of operating hours, the valve assembly is used so that the works at least one first valve as an inlet valve and the at least one second valve as an exhaust valve. Subsequently, the valve assembly is removed from the compressor or separated from it and rotated about the central axis rotated by 180 ° back into the compressor or connected to this. Thus, the valve assembly is brought into the second position or installation position, in which now the at least one first valve works as an outlet valve and the at least one second valve works as an inlet valve.
  • the compressor is then operated for a second predetermined period of time.
  • this second predetermined period of time ie a further predetermined number of operating hours
  • the entire valve assembly is then replaced by a new valve assembly, which is also initially operated in its first installation position and rotated after a predetermined period in its second installation position.
  • This operating method according to the invention according to which a valve assembly is not replaced immediately after a predetermined number of operating hours, but is still used in a rotated state for another predetermined number of operating hours, has the advantage that overall the service life of the valve assembly can be extended. This is due to the fact that usually the wear, in particular coking at the outlet valve is greater than at the inlet valve.
  • the rotation ensures that both valves of the valve assembly for a certain amount of time is exposed to the higher wear on the exhaust side, so that overall the higher wear that occurs at the exhaust side does not only act on one valve, but is spread over both valves in time so that a more uniform wear of both valves is achieved and thus the service life of the valve assembly is increased.
  • the first predetermined period of time is shorter than a period of time after which the wear of the exhaust valve is so great that the valve assembly must be replaced.
  • the first period of time is selected to be in the range of one half to two thirds, preferably about three quarters of the number of operating hours, after which the exhaust valve is usually to be replaced. More preferably, the first predetermined time period and the second predetermined time period are the same length. This has the advantage that uniform maintenance intervals are given.
  • the first predetermined period of time after which the valve assembly is inverted is selected such that the first and second predetermined time periods together correspond to about one and a half times the number of operating hours, which is usually due to wear of the exhaust valve replacing the valve assembly. At the same time, for example, when the first predetermined period of time is three-quarters of the number of operating hours, usually assuming exhaust valve wear, the service life of the valve assembly can be simultaneously increased by 50% with a 25% reduction in maintenance intervals.
  • the compressor employing the described method is preferably a reciprocating compressor.
  • a piston compressor usually has each one of the aforementioned valve assemblies per cylinder.
  • the at least two valves of the valve assembly are designed as plate valves.
  • a plate valve is advantageous because it allows a longer service life can be achieved.
  • a valve assembly may be used which has two first valves arranged parallel to one another and two second valves arranged parallel to one another.
  • the two parallel first valves in the manner described above are arranged symmetrically or point-symmetrically to the two mutually parallel second valves. Ie. there is a point symmetry in the cross section, with the point of symmetry lying on the central axis described above.
  • the first and second valves each have the same flow cross-sections, so that an exchange between inlet and outlet in the manner described above is possible without malfunction.
  • FIG. 1 is a plan view of a valve assembly on the top thereof
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view of the underside of the valve assembly of FIG. 1
  • 3 is a sectional view taken along the line A - A in Fig. 1,
  • Hg. 4 the sectional view of FIG. 3 rotated by 180 °
  • Fig. 5 schematically shows the wear of a valve assembly without
  • Fig. 6 shows schematically the wear of the valve assembly
  • the valve assembly 1 shown in FIGS. 1-4 represents a valve assembly 1 for a reciprocating compressor which is disposed on a cylinder of a reciprocating compressor.
  • the valve assembly shown here has two first valves 2 and two second valves 4.
  • the first valves 2 have an opposite flow direction to the second valves 4 and are formed overall symmetrically with respect to a central axis Y.
  • the first valves 2 are identical to the second valves 4, but have an opposite flow direction.
  • FIG 3 shows schematically the arrangement of the valve assembly 1 according to Figures 1 and 2 in a piston compressor on a cylinder 6.
  • Figure 3 shows a first installation position, in which the first valves 2 as inlet valves with an inlet 8 and the second valves 4 as exhaust valves an outlet 10 are connected.
  • the valves 2 and 4 consist in a known manner, as shown in Figure 4 based on a valve 4, of a valve or closure element 12 which is pressed by a spring 14 in its closed position in which the closure element at an associated valve seat in the valve assembly 1 is applied.
  • Each valve 2, 4 has arcuate inlet openings 1 6 and outlet openings 18.
  • the outlet openings 18 have ne- ben corresponding, but larger arcuate openings between these still individual holes.
  • the inlet openings 16 and outlet openings 18 are formed in a valve housing 19 of the valve assembly 1, in which the closure elements 12 are held or movably mounted.
  • Figure 4 shows a second mounting position of the valve assembly 1, in which it is rotated relative to the mounting position in Figure 3 about the axis Y by 180 °, so that in this second installation position, the valves 4 as inlet valves to the inlet 8 and the valves 2 as Exhaust valves are connected to the outlet 10.
  • FIG. 5 shows the remaining valve life T plotted against time t.
  • FIG. 5 shows the course without application of the method according to the invention.
  • the upper curve shows the remaining service life TE of the valves 2, 4 operating as intake valves, while the lower curve shows the remaining service life TA of the exhaust valves 2, 4. It can be seen that the exhaust valves wear much faster, ie, the remaining service life TA of the exhaust valves decreases much faster to the expected life L at which the exhaust valve is expected to wear out, ie the remaining life TA is substantially zero.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates the method according to the invention, according to which first the valve assembly 1 is operated in its first installation position shown in FIG. 3 for a predetermined period of time ti.
  • the wear occurs in this state initially so that the expected remaining life T2 of the first valves 2, which operate as intake valves, substantially in the form decreases, as the life TE in Figure 5. Accordingly, the expected remaining life T4 over the period ti of second valves 4, which operate as exhaust valves, in 5, at the time U, the valve assembly 1, as described above, turned over and rotated by 1 80 ° and used in its second mounting position, as shown in Figure 4. In this installation position, the valve assembly is operated for a second predetermined period of time h until the expected service life L 'at which the valve assembly 1 is then completely replaced.
  • first the second valves 4 wear faster and the first valves 2 operating as inlet valves wear out more slowly.
  • this is reversed ie, the first valves 2, which now operate as exhaust valves, wear out faster, while the now acting as inlet valves second valves 4 wear more slowly, as in the curve can be seen in Figure 6.

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for operating and for servicing a compressor having at least one valve assembly, in which the valve assembly and the compressor are designed such that the valve assembly comprises at least a first and a second valve which are arranged, with opposite flow directions, symmetrically with respect to one another about a central axis in the valve assembly, wherein the valve assembly can be installed into the compressor in two orientations rotated through 180° with respect to one another, wherein, in a first orientation, the at least one first valve operates as an inlet valve and the at least one second valve operates as an outlet valve, and in a second orientation, the at least one first valve operates as an outlet valve and the at least one second valve operates as an inlet valve, and the compressor is operated such that the valve assembly is utilized in the first orientation thereof in the compressor for a first predetermined period of time, and is subsequently installed, rotated through 180°, into the compressor and utilized in the second orientation thereof in the compressor for a second predetermined period of time.

Description

Titel: Verfahren zum Betrieb und zur Wartung eines Kompressors  Title: Procedure for operating and maintaining a compressor
Beschreibung description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Betrieb und zur Wartung eines Kompressors mit zumindest einer Ventil baugruppe. The invention relates to a method for operating and maintaining a compressor with at least one valve assembly.
Übliche Kompressoren, insbesondere Kolbenkompressoren, weisen Ein- und Auslassventile auf, welche einem Verschleiß unterliegen und üblicherweise in regelmäßigen Intervallen ersetzt werden müssen. Conventional compressors, in particular piston compressors, have inlet and outlet valves, which are subject to wear and usually have to be replaced at regular intervals.
Im Hinblick auf diese Problematik ist es Aufgabe der Erfindung, den Betrieb eines Kompressors dahingehend zu verbessern, dass die Ventil- Standzeiten verlängert werden können. In view of this problem, it is an object of the invention to improve the operation of a compressor to the effect that the valve life can be extended.
Diese Aufgabe wird gelöst durch ein Verfahren zum Betrieb und zur Wartung eines Kompressors mit den in Anspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmalen. Bevorzugte Ausführungsformen ergeben sich aus den Un- teransprüchen und der nachfolgenden Beschreibung. This object is achieved by a method for operating and maintaining a compressor having the features specified in claim 1. Preferred embodiments will become apparent from the dependent claims and the description below.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren stellt ein Betriebsverfahren bzw. Wartungsverfahren für einen Kompressor, insbesondere einen Kolbenkompressor dar, welcher zumindest eine Ventilbaugruppe aufweist, welche in regelmäßigen Abständen verschleißbedingt zu ersetzten ist. Zur Anwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens werden die Ventilbaugruppe und der Kompressor in spezieller Weise ausgestaltet und zwar in der Weise, dass die Ventilbaugruppe symmetrisch ausgebildet ist und einen Einbau in den Kompressor in zwei unterschiedlichen, um 180° zu- einander gedrehten Lagen ermöglicht. Die Ventilbaugruppe weist dazu zumindest ein erstes und ein zweites Ventil auf, von welchen im Betrieb eines als Einlassventil und eines als Auslassventil fungiert. Das zumindest eine erste und das zumindest eine zweite Ventil weisen dabei in bekannter Weise jeweils zumindest ein Ventil- bzw. Verschlusselement so- wie einen korrespondierenden Ventilsitz auf, an welchem das Verschlusselement dichtend zur Anlage kommen kann, um einen Strömungsweg zu verschließen. Die Ventilbaugruppe weist dazu ein Ventilgehäuse auf, in welchem die Ventilelemente und die Ventilsitze angeordnet bzw. ausgebildet sind. Für jedes Ventil gibt es Ein- und Auslass- Öffnungen, durch welche das Gas in das Ventil ein- und austreten kann. Der Ventilsitz ist vorzugsweise jeweils mit der Einlassöffnung des Ventils verbunden. The method according to the invention represents an operating method or maintenance method for a compressor, in particular a piston compressor, which has at least one valve assembly which is to be replaced at regular intervals as a result of wear. For the application of the method according to the invention, the valve assembly and the compressor are designed in a special way in such a way that the valve assembly is symmetrical and allows installation in the compressor in two different, rotated by 180 ° to each other layers. The valve assembly points at least one first and one second valve, one of which functions as an inlet valve and as an outlet valve during operation. The at least one first and the at least one second valve have in a known manner in each case at least one valve or closure element as well as a corresponding valve seat on which the closure element can sealingly come to rest in order to close a flow path. The valve assembly has for this purpose a valve housing, in which the valve elements and the valve seats are arranged or formed. For each valve, there are inlet and outlet ports through which the gas can enter and exit the valve. The valve seat is preferably connected to the inlet opening of the valve.
Die beiden Ventile sind in der Ventilbaugruppe im Querschnitt punkt- symmetrisch zueinander angeordnet. D. h. die beiden Ventile sind punktsymmetrisch bezüglich einer sich quer zur Strömungsrichtung der Ventile erstreckenden Achse angeordnet. Insbesondere haben beide Ventile denselben Strömungsquerschnitt. Dies ermöglicht eine Drehung der Ventilbaugruppe um diese Symmetrieachse um 180°, um zwei mög- liehe Einbaulagen mit identischer Funktion zu realisieren. Aufgrund dieser Symmetrie haben das erste und das zweite Ventil entgegengesetzte Strömungsrichtungen. So fungiert stets ein Ventil als Einlassventil während das andere mit entgegengesetzter Strömungsrichtung als Auslassventil wirken kann. Die Symmetrieachse bildet eine zentrale Achse, um welche die Baugruppe gedreht werden kann und bezüglich deren die zwei zueinander um 180° gedrehten Lagen bzw. Einbaulagen der Ventilbaugruppe in dem Kompressor definiert sind. In einer ersten Einbaulage bildet das erste Ventil der Ventilbaugruppe das Einlassventil und das zumindest eine zweite Ventil ein Auslassventil. In einer zweiten mögli- chen Einbaulage, in welcher die Ventilbaugruppe bezüglich der ersten Einbaulage um die zentrale Achse um 180° gedreht ist, bildet das erste Ventil ein Auslassventil und das zumindest zweite Ventil fungiert als Einlassventil. The two valves are arranged in the valve assembly in cross section point symmetrical to each other. Ie. the two valves are arranged point-symmetrically with respect to an axis extending transversely to the flow direction of the valves. In particular, both valves have the same flow cross-section. This allows the valve assembly to be rotated by 180 ° around this symmetry axis in order to realize two possible installation positions with identical functions. Because of this symmetry, the first and second valves have opposite directions of flow. Thus, one valve always acts as an inlet valve while the other can act as an outlet valve in the opposite flow direction. The symmetry axis forms a central axis about which the assembly can be rotated and with respect to which the two mutually rotated by 180 ° layers or installation positions of the valve assembly are defined in the compressor. In a first installation position, the first valve of the valve assembly forms the inlet valve and the at least one second valve forms an outlet valve. In a second possible installation position, in which the valve assembly is rotated by 180 ° with respect to the first installation position about the central axis, the first forms Valve is an outlet valve and the at least second valve acts as an inlet valve.
Diese Ausgestaltung der Ventilbaugruppe und des Kompressors ermög- licht ein erfindungsgemäßes Betriebsverfahren, gemäß dem der Kompressor derart betrieben wird, dass zunächst die Ventilbaugruppe für eine vorbestimmte erste Zeitspanne in dem Kompressor in seiner ersten Lage bzw. Einbaulage genutzt wird. D. h. beispielsweise für eine vorbestimmte Betriebsstundenzahl wird die Ventilbaugruppe so eingesetzt, dass das zumindest eine erste Ventil als Einlassventil und das zumindest eine zweite Ventil als Auslassventil arbeitet. Anschließend wird die Ventilbaugruppe aus dem Kompressor ausgebaut bzw. von diesem getrennt und um die zentrale Achse um 180° gedreht wieder in den Kompressor eingebaut bzw. mit diesem verbunden. So wird die Ventilbau- gruppe in die zweite Lage bzw. Einbaulage gebracht, in der nun das zumindest eine erste Ventil als Auslassventil und das zumindest eine zweite Ventil als Einlassventil arbeitet. In dieser zweiten Einbaulage wird der Kompressor dann für eine zweite vorbestimmte Zeitspanne betrieben. Nach dieser zweiten vorbestimmten Zeitspanne, d. h. einer weite- ren vorgegebenen Betriebsstundenzahl wird dann die gesamte Ventilbaugruppe durch eine neue Ventilbaugruppe ersetzt, welche ebenso zunächst in ihrer ersten Einbaulage und nach einer vorbestimmten Zeitspanne gedreht in ihrer zweiten Einbaulage betrieben wird. Dieses erfindungsgemäße Betriebsverfahren, gemäß dem eine Ventilbaugruppe nicht direkt nach einer vorbestimmten Betriebsstundenzahl ersetzt wird, sondern in gedrehtem Zustand noch für eine weitere vorbestimmte Betriebsstundenzahl weiter genutzt wird, hat den Vorteil, dass insgesamt die Standzeit der Ventilbaugruppe verlängert werden kann. Dies rührt daher, dass üblicherweise der Verschleiß, insbesondere eine Verkokung am Auslassventil größer als am Einlassventil ist. Durch die Drehung wird erreicht, dass beide Ventile der Ventilbaugruppe für eine bestimmte Zeit dem höheren Verschleiß auf der Auslassseite ausgesetzt sind, sodass insgesamt der höhere Verschleiß, welcher an der Auslassseite auftritt, nicht nur auf ein Ventil wirkt, sondern zeitlich auf beide Ventile verteilt wird, sodass insgesamt ein gleichmäßigerer Ver- schleiß beider Ventile erreicht wird und so die Standzeit der Ventilbaugruppe erhöht wird. This embodiment of the valve assembly and of the compressor makes possible an operating method according to the invention, according to which the compressor is operated in such a way that first the valve assembly is used in its first position or installed position in the compressor for a predetermined first period of time. Ie. For example, for a predetermined number of operating hours, the valve assembly is used so that the works at least one first valve as an inlet valve and the at least one second valve as an exhaust valve. Subsequently, the valve assembly is removed from the compressor or separated from it and rotated about the central axis rotated by 180 ° back into the compressor or connected to this. Thus, the valve assembly is brought into the second position or installation position, in which now the at least one first valve works as an outlet valve and the at least one second valve works as an inlet valve. In this second installation position, the compressor is then operated for a second predetermined period of time. After this second predetermined period of time, ie a further predetermined number of operating hours, the entire valve assembly is then replaced by a new valve assembly, which is also initially operated in its first installation position and rotated after a predetermined period in its second installation position. This operating method according to the invention, according to which a valve assembly is not replaced immediately after a predetermined number of operating hours, but is still used in a rotated state for another predetermined number of operating hours, has the advantage that overall the service life of the valve assembly can be extended. This is due to the fact that usually the wear, in particular coking at the outlet valve is greater than at the inlet valve. The rotation ensures that both valves of the valve assembly for a certain amount of time is exposed to the higher wear on the exhaust side, so that overall the higher wear that occurs at the exhaust side does not only act on one valve, but is spread over both valves in time so that a more uniform wear of both valves is achieved and thus the service life of the valve assembly is increased.
Bevorzugt ist die erste vorbestimmte Zeitspanne kürzer gewählt als eine Zeitspanne, nach welcher der Verschleiß des Auslassventils so groß ist, dass die Ventilbaugruppe ersetzt werden muss. Bevorzugt ist die erste Zeitspanne so gewählt, dass sie im Bereich der Hälfte bis Zweidrittel, vorzugsweise bei etwa Dreiviertel der Betriebsstundenzahl liegt, nach der das Auslassventil üblicherweise zu ersetzen ist. Weiter bevorzugt sind die erste vorbestimmte Zeitspanne und die zweite vorbestimmte Zeitspanne gleich lang. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass gleichmäßige Wartungsintervalle gegeben sind. Idealerweise wird die erste vorbestimmte Zeitspanne, nach welcher die Ventilbaugruppe umgedreht wird, so gewählt, dass die erste und die zweite vorbestimmte Zeit- spanne zusammen etwa der anderthalbfachen Betriebsstundenzahl entsprechen, nach welcher üblicherweise aufgrund des Verschleißes des Auslassventils die Ventilbaugruppe zu ersetzen ist. Wenn gleichzeitig beispielsweise die erste vorbestimmte Zeitspanne dreiviertel der Betriebsstundenzahl beträgt, nach der üblicherweise ein Verschleiß des Auslassventils angenommen wird, kann auf diese Weise bei einer Verkürzung der Wartungsintervalle um 25 % die Standzeit der Ventilbaugruppe gleichzeitig um 50 % erhöht werden. Preferably, the first predetermined period of time is shorter than a period of time after which the wear of the exhaust valve is so great that the valve assembly must be replaced. Preferably, the first period of time is selected to be in the range of one half to two thirds, preferably about three quarters of the number of operating hours, after which the exhaust valve is usually to be replaced. More preferably, the first predetermined time period and the second predetermined time period are the same length. This has the advantage that uniform maintenance intervals are given. Ideally, the first predetermined period of time after which the valve assembly is inverted is selected such that the first and second predetermined time periods together correspond to about one and a half times the number of operating hours, which is usually due to wear of the exhaust valve replacing the valve assembly. At the same time, for example, when the first predetermined period of time is three-quarters of the number of operating hours, usually assuming exhaust valve wear, the service life of the valve assembly can be simultaneously increased by 50% with a 25% reduction in maintenance intervals.
Wie oben dargelegt, handelt es sich bei dem Kompressor, bei welchem das beschriebene Verfahren zur Anwendung kommt, bevorzugt um einen Kolbenkompressor. Ein solcher Kolbenkompressor weist üblicher- weise jeweils eine der vorgenannten Ventilbaugruppen pro Zylinder auf. As stated above, the compressor employing the described method is preferably a reciprocating compressor. Such a piston compressor usually has each one of the aforementioned valve assemblies per cylinder.
Weiter bevorzugt sind die zumindest zwei Ventile der Ventilbaugruppe als Plattenventile ausgebildet. Es ist jedoch grundsätzlich auch eine Ausbildung als Lamellenventile möglich. Die Verwendung eines Plattenventils ist von Vorteil, da mit diesem eine höhere Standzeit erreicht werden kann. Bei einer speziellen Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens kann eine Ventilbaugruppe zum Einsatz kommen, welche zwei zueinander parallel angeordnete erste Ventile und zwei zueinander parallel angeordnete zweite Ventile aufweist. Bei einer solchen Ausgestaltung sind die beiden parallelen ersten Ventile in der oben beschriebenen Weise symmetrisch bzw. punktsymmetrisch zu den zwei zueinander parallelen zweiten Ventilen angeordnet. D. h. es liegt eine Punktsymmetrie im Querschnitt vor, wobei der Symmetriepunkt auf der oben beschriebenen zentralen Achse liegt. Wie bei der Ausführungsform mit einem ersten und einem zweiten Ventil weisen die ersten und zweiten Ventile jeweils gleiche Strömungsquerschnitte auf, sodass ein Tausch zwischen Einlass und Auslass in der vorangehend beschriebenen Weise ohne Funktionsbeeinträchtigung möglich ist. More preferably, the at least two valves of the valve assembly are designed as plate valves. However, it is also possible in principle to form a lamella valves. The use of a plate valve is advantageous because it allows a longer service life can be achieved. In a specific embodiment of the method according to the invention, a valve assembly may be used which has two first valves arranged parallel to one another and two second valves arranged parallel to one another. In such an embodiment, the two parallel first valves in the manner described above are arranged symmetrically or point-symmetrically to the two mutually parallel second valves. Ie. there is a point symmetry in the cross section, with the point of symmetry lying on the central axis described above. As in the embodiment with a first and a second valve, the first and second valves each have the same flow cross-sections, so that an exchange between inlet and outlet in the manner described above is possible without malfunction.
Nachfolgend wird das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren näher anhand der beigefügten Figuren beispielhaft beschrieben. In diesen zeigt: The method according to the invention will be described in greater detail below with reference to the attached figures. In these shows:
Fig. 1 eine Draufsicht auf eine Ventilbaugruppe auf deren Oberseite, Fig. 2 eine Draufsicht auf die Unterseite der Ventilbaugruppe gemäß Fig. 1 , Hg. 3 eine Schnittansicht entlang der Linie A - A in Fig. 1 , 1 is a plan view of a valve assembly on the top thereof, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the underside of the valve assembly of FIG. 1, 3 is a sectional view taken along the line A - A in Fig. 1,
Hg. 4 die Schnittansicht gemäß Fig. 3 um 180° gedreht, Hg. 4 the sectional view of FIG. 3 rotated by 180 °,
Hg. 5 schematisch den Verschleiß einer Ventilbaugruppe ohne Fig. 5 schematically shows the wear of a valve assembly without
Anwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens und  Application of the method and
Hg. 6 schematisch den Verschleiß der Ventilbaugruppe Fig. 6 shows schematically the wear of the valve assembly
Anwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens.  Application of the method according to the invention.
Die in den Figuren 1 - 4 gezeigte Ventilbaugruppe 1 stellt eine Ventilbaugruppe 1 für einen Kolbenkompressor dar, welche an einem Zylinder eines Kolbenkompressors angeordnet wird. Die hier gezeigte Ventilbaugruppe weist zwei erste Ventile 2 und zwei zweite Ventile 4 auf. Dabei haben die ersten Ventile 2 eine entgegengesetzte Strömungsrichtung zu den zweiten Ventilen 4 und sind insgesamt symmetrisch bezüglich einer zentralen Achse Y ausgebildet. D. h. es besteht in den Schnittansichten gemäß Figuren 3 und 4 eine Punktsymmetrie. D. h. die ersten Ventile 2 sind identisch zu den zweiten Ventilen 4, weisen jedoch eine entgegengesetzte Strömungsrichtung auf. The valve assembly 1 shown in FIGS. 1-4 represents a valve assembly 1 for a reciprocating compressor which is disposed on a cylinder of a reciprocating compressor. The valve assembly shown here has two first valves 2 and two second valves 4. In this case, the first valves 2 have an opposite flow direction to the second valves 4 and are formed overall symmetrically with respect to a central axis Y. Ie. There is a point symmetry in the sectional views according to Figures 3 and 4. Ie. the first valves 2 are identical to the second valves 4, but have an opposite flow direction.
Figur 3 zeigt schematisch die Anordnung der Ventilbaugruppe 1 gemäß Figuren 1 und 2 in einem Kolbenkompressor an einem Zylinder 6. Figur 3 zeigt dabei eine erste Einbaulage, in welcher die ersten Ventile 2 als Einlassventile mit einem Einlass 8 und die zweiten Ventile 4 als Auslassventile mit einem Auslass 10 verbunden sind. Die Ventile 2 und 4 bestehen dabei in bekannter Weise, wie in Figur 4 anhand eines Ventils 4 gezeigt, aus einem Ventil- bzw. Verschlusselement 12, welches von einer Feder 14 in seine Verschlussposition gedrückt wird, in welcher das Verschlusselement an einem zugehörigen Ventilsitz in der Ventilbaugruppe 1 anliegt. Jedes Ventil 2, 4 weist dabei bogenförmige Eintrittsöffnungen 1 6 und Austrittsöffnungen 18 auf. Die Austrittsöffnungen 18 weisen ne- ben entsprechenden, allerdings größeren bogenförmigen Öffnungen zwischen diesen noch einzelne Löcher auf. Die Eintrittsöffnungen 16 und Austrittsöffnungen 18 sind in einem Ventilgehäuse 19 der Ventilbaugruppe 1 ausgebildet, in welchem die Verschlusselemente 12 gehalten bzw. beweglich gelagert sind. Figure 3 shows schematically the arrangement of the valve assembly 1 according to Figures 1 and 2 in a piston compressor on a cylinder 6. Figure 3 shows a first installation position, in which the first valves 2 as inlet valves with an inlet 8 and the second valves 4 as exhaust valves an outlet 10 are connected. The valves 2 and 4 consist in a known manner, as shown in Figure 4 based on a valve 4, of a valve or closure element 12 which is pressed by a spring 14 in its closed position in which the closure element at an associated valve seat in the valve assembly 1 is applied. Each valve 2, 4 has arcuate inlet openings 1 6 and outlet openings 18. The outlet openings 18 have ne- ben corresponding, but larger arcuate openings between these still individual holes. The inlet openings 16 and outlet openings 18 are formed in a valve housing 19 of the valve assembly 1, in which the closure elements 12 are held or movably mounted.
Figur 4 zeigt eine zweite Einbaulage der Ventilbaugruppe 1 , in welcher diese gegenüber der Einbaulage in Figur 3 um die Achse Y um 180° gedreht ist, sodass in dieser zweiten Einbaulage die Ventile 4 als Einlass- ventile mit dem Einlass 8 und die Ventile 2 als Auslassventile mit dem Auslass 10 verbunden sind. Figure 4 shows a second mounting position of the valve assembly 1, in which it is rotated relative to the mounting position in Figure 3 about the axis Y by 180 °, so that in this second installation position, the valves 4 as inlet valves to the inlet 8 and the valves 2 as Exhaust valves are connected to the outlet 10.
Figur 5 zeigt die verbleibende Ventillebensdauer T über die Zeit t aufgetragen. Dabei zeigt Figur 5 den Verlauf ohne Anwendung des erfin- dungsgemäßen Verfahrens. Die obere Kurve zeigt die verbleibende Lebensdauer TE der als Einlassventile arbeitenden Ventile 2, 4, während die untere Kurve die verbleibende Lebensdauer TA der als Auslassventile arbeitenden Ventile 2, 4 zeigt. Es ist zu erkennen, dass die Auslassventile deutlich schneller verschleißen, d. h. die verbleibende Lebensdauer TA der Auslassventile wesentlich schneller abnimmt bis zu der erwarteten Lebensdauer L, bei welcher das Auslassventil erwartungsgemäß verschlissen ist, d. h. die verbleibende Lebensdauer TA im Wesentlichen 0 ist. Figur 6 veranschaulicht das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren, gemäß dem zunächst die Ventilbaugruppe 1 in ihrer ersten in Figur 3 gezeigten Einbaulage für eine vorbestimmte Zeitspanne ti betrieben wird. Der Verschleiß erfolgt in diesem Zustand zunächst so, dass die erwartete Restlebensdauer T2 der ersten Ventile 2, welche als Einlassventile arbeiten, im Wesentlichen in der Form abnimmt, wie die Lebensdauer TE in Figur 5. Entsprechend nimmt die erwartete Restlebensdauer T4 über die Zeitspanne ti der zweiten Ventile 4, welche als Auslassventile arbeiten, in der Weise ab, wie die Restlebensdauer TA für die Auslassventile in Figur 5. Zu dem Zeitpunkt U wird die Ventilbaugruppe 1 , wie oben beschrieben, umgedreht und um 1 80° gedreht und in ihrer zweiten Einbaulage eingesetzt, wie in Figur 4 gezeigt. In dieser Einbaulage wird die Ventil- baugruppe für eine zweite vorbestimmte Zeitspanne h betrieben bis zur erwarteten Lebensdauer L', bei welcher dann die Ventilbaugruppe 1 vollständig getauscht wird. In der Zeitspanne h erfolgt der Verschleiß der ersten Ventile 2, welche nun als Auslassventile fungieren, entsprechend dem Verlauf der Kurve TA, während der Verschleiß der zweiten Ventile 4, welche nun als Einlassventile fungieren, entlang dem Verlauf der Kurve TE in Figur 5, d. h. deutlich langsamer erfolgt. So wird erreicht, dass beide Ventile 2 und 4 im Wesentlichen zum gleichen Zeitpunkt L' ihre Verschleißgrenze erreichen. So wird die Gesamtstandzeit um den Wert DT verlängert, welcher in etwa 40 % der erwarteten Lebensdauer L, welche in Figur 5 gezeigt ist, entspricht. Der Zeitpunkt U, zu welchem die Ventil baugruppe um 1 80° gedreht wird, liegt dabei entsprechend vor der erwarteten Lebensdauer L, sodass das Umdrehen erfolgt, bevor die zunächst als Auslassventile arbeitenden Ventile 4 ihre Verschleißgrenze erreicht haben. D. h. gemäß dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfah- ren verschleißen zunächst die zweiten Ventile 4 schneller und die als Einlassventile arbeitenden ersten Ventile 2 langsamer. Nach dem Zeitpunkt U, in welchem die Ventilbaugruppe 1 umgedreht wird, erfolgt dies umgekehrt, d. h. die ersten Ventile 2, welche nun als Auslassventile arbeiten, verschleißen schneller, während die nun als Einlassventile ar- beitenden zweiten Ventile 4 langsamer verschleißen, wie an dem Kurvenverlauf in Figur 6 zu erkennen ist. Bezugszeichenliste FIG. 5 shows the remaining valve life T plotted against time t. FIG. 5 shows the course without application of the method according to the invention. The upper curve shows the remaining service life TE of the valves 2, 4 operating as intake valves, while the lower curve shows the remaining service life TA of the exhaust valves 2, 4. It can be seen that the exhaust valves wear much faster, ie, the remaining service life TA of the exhaust valves decreases much faster to the expected life L at which the exhaust valve is expected to wear out, ie the remaining life TA is substantially zero. FIG. 6 illustrates the method according to the invention, according to which first the valve assembly 1 is operated in its first installation position shown in FIG. 3 for a predetermined period of time ti. The wear occurs in this state initially so that the expected remaining life T2 of the first valves 2, which operate as intake valves, substantially in the form decreases, as the life TE in Figure 5. Accordingly, the expected remaining life T4 over the period ti of second valves 4, which operate as exhaust valves, in 5, at the time U, the valve assembly 1, as described above, turned over and rotated by 1 80 ° and used in its second mounting position, as shown in Figure 4. In this installation position, the valve assembly is operated for a second predetermined period of time h until the expected service life L 'at which the valve assembly 1 is then completely replaced. In the period h, the wear of the first valves 2, which now act as exhaust valves, according to the course of the curve TA, while the wear of the second valves 4, which now act as intake valves, along the course of the curve TE in Figure 5, ie significantly slower. This ensures that both valves 2 and 4 reach their wear limit substantially at the same point in time L '. Thus, the total life is extended by the value DT, which corresponds to approximately 40% of the expected life L, which is shown in FIG. The point in time U, at which the valve assembly is rotated by 1 80 °, is correspondingly before the expected life L, so that the turning takes place before the first operating as exhaust valves 4 have reached their wear limit. Ie. According to the method according to the invention, first the second valves 4 wear faster and the first valves 2 operating as inlet valves wear out more slowly. After the time U, in which the valve assembly 1 is reversed, this is reversed, ie, the first valves 2, which now operate as exhaust valves, wear out faster, while the now acting as inlet valves second valves 4 wear more slowly, as in the curve can be seen in Figure 6. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
1 - Ventilbaugruppe 1 - valve assembly
2 - erste Ventile  2 - first valves
4 - zweite Ventile 4 - second valves
6 - Zylinder  6 - cylinder
8 - Einlass  8 - inlet
1 0 - Auslass  1 0 - outlet
1 2 - Verschlusselement  1 2 - Closing element
1 4 - Feder 1 4 - spring
1 6 - Eintrittsöffnungen  1 6 - Inlets
1 8 - Austrittsöffnungen  1 8 - Outlet openings
1 9 - Ventilgehäuse L, L' - erwartete Lebensdauer der Ventilbaugruppe 1 9 - Valve body L, L '- Expected life of the valve assembly
TE, ΤΑ, Ϊ2, T4 - Restlebensdauer der Ventile TE, ΤΑ, Ϊ2, T4 - Remaining service life of the valves
t - Zeit t - time
ti - erste Zeitspanne ti - first time span
h - zweite Zeitspanne h - second time span
U - Zeitpunkt U - time
DT - Standzeitverlängerung  DT - service life extension
Y - Symmetrieachse  Y - symmetry axis

Claims

Ansprüche claims
Verfahren zum Betrieb und zur Wartung eines Kompressors mit zumindest einer Ventilbaugruppe (1 ), gemäß welchem Method for operating and maintaining a compressor with at least one valve assembly (1), according to which
die Ventilbaugruppe (1 ) und der Kompressor derart ausgestaltet sind, dass die Ventilbaugruppe (1 ) zumindest ein erstes (2) und ein zweites Ventil (4) beinhaltet, welche mit entgegengesetzten Strömungsrichtungen symmetrisch zueinander bezüglich einer zentralen Achse (Y) in der Ventilbaugruppe (1 ) angeordnet sind, wobei die Ventilbaugruppe (1 ) in zwei um 180° zueinander gedrehten Lagen in den Kompressor einbaubar ist, wobei in einer ersten Lage das zumindest eine erste Ventil (2) als Einlassventil und das zumindest eine zweite Ventil (4) als Auslassventil arbeitet und in einer zweiten Lage das zumindest eine erste Ventil (2) als Auslassventil und das zumindest eine zweite Ventil (4) als Einlassventil arbeitet, und the valve assembly (1) and the compressor are configured such that the valve assembly (1) includes at least a first (2) and a second valve (4) which are in opposite directions of flow symmetrical to each other with respect to a central axis (Y) in the valve assembly ( 1) are arranged, wherein the valve assembly (1) can be installed in two rotated by 180 ° to each other layers in the compressor, wherein in a first position the at least one first valve (2) as an inlet valve and the at least one second valve (4) as Exhaust valve operates and works in a second position, the at least one first valve (2) as an outlet valve and the at least one second valve (4) as an inlet valve, and
der Kompressor derart betrieben wird, dass die Baugruppe für eine erste vorbestimmte Zeitspanne (ti) in dem Kompressor in seiner ersten Lage genutzt wird und anschließend um 180° gedreht in den Kompressor eingebaut wird und für eine zweite vorbestimmte Zeitspanne (†2) in seiner zweiten Lage in dem Kompressor genutzt wird. the compressor is operated such that the assembly is used for a first predetermined time period (ti) in the compressor in its first position and then rotated 180 ° into the compressor and for a second predetermined time period († 2) in its second Location is used in the compressor.
Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , bei welchem der Kompressor ein Kolbenkompressor ist. The method of claim 1, wherein the compressor is a reciprocating compressor.
Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, bei welchem die erste vorbestimmte Zeitspanne (ti) und die zweite vorbestimmte Zeitspanne (†2) gleich lang sind. Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, bei welchem die zumindest zwei Ventile (2, 4) als Plattenventile ausgebildet sind. A method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first predetermined time period (ti) and the second predetermined time period († 2) are equal in length. Method according to one of the preceding claims, in which the at least two valves (2, 4) are designed as plate valves.
Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, bei welchem die Ventilbaugruppe (1 ) zwei zueinander parallel angeordnete erste Ventile (2) und zwei zueinander parallel angeordnete zweite Ventile (4) aufweist. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the valve assembly (1) has two mutually parallel arranged first valves (2) and two mutually parallel arranged second valves (4).
PCT/DE2014/200258 2013-06-17 2014-06-13 Method for operating and servicing a compressor WO2014202075A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14736279.2A EP3011180B1 (en) 2013-06-17 2014-06-13 Method for operating and servicing a compressor
CY20171100617T CY1119096T1 (en) 2013-06-17 2017-06-12 METHOD FOR OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF A COMPRESSOR

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102013211292.0 2013-06-17
DE102013211292.0A DE102013211292A1 (en) 2013-06-17 2013-06-17 Method for operating and maintaining a compressor

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2014202075A1 true WO2014202075A1 (en) 2014-12-24

Family

ID=51136280

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DE2014/200258 WO2014202075A1 (en) 2013-06-17 2014-06-13 Method for operating and servicing a compressor

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3011180B1 (en)
CY (1) CY1119096T1 (en)
DE (1) DE102013211292A1 (en)
TR (1) TR201710565T4 (en)
WO (1) WO2014202075A1 (en)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2585773A (en) * 1949-05-05 1952-02-12 Campbell Hausfeld Company Valve
US5327932A (en) * 1993-04-19 1994-07-12 Thomas Industries Inc. Valve restraint enhancement
EP1519043A2 (en) * 2003-09-23 2005-03-30 Uraca Pumpenfabrik Gmbh & Co. Kg Valve assembly of a positive displacement pump

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1416771A (en) * 1920-08-18 1922-05-23 Henry B Babson Valve
US1886190A (en) * 1930-05-08 1932-11-01 Int Harvester Co Valve mechanism for pumps
US2025240A (en) * 1934-10-20 1935-12-24 Universal Cooler Corp Refrigerant gas compressor
GB576466A (en) * 1944-09-22 1946-04-04 Browett Lindley Ltd Improvements in and relating to valves
US2703583A (en) * 1949-05-24 1955-03-08 Seligman Arthur Valve for compressors
DE864607C (en) * 1949-05-24 1953-01-26 Arthur Seligman Valve for gas compressor
DE921606C (en) * 1953-05-03 1954-12-23 Borsig Ag Seat plate with individual valves arranged on concentric circles for compressors, pumps, etc. like
US2935248A (en) * 1957-10-03 1960-05-03 Carrier Corp Compressor valve arrangement
GB893848A (en) * 1959-04-16 1962-04-11 Council Scient Ind Res Improvements in hydraulic machines
US4039002A (en) * 1976-05-28 1977-08-02 Broyan Fred K Gas compressor valve
DE19631415C2 (en) * 1995-08-11 1998-07-09 Knorr Bremse Systeme Valve plate for piston compressors, in particular for the generation of compressed air in motor vehicles
AU2939101A (en) * 2000-01-11 2001-07-24 Coltec Industrial Products, Inc. Profiled plate valve
DE102009021814A1 (en) * 2009-05-18 2010-12-30 Compart Compressor Technology Gmbh Compressor valve for controlling piston engine, for inlet of gas in working space, or outlet of gas from working space of piston engine, has ball as sealing element, which moves between separators

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2585773A (en) * 1949-05-05 1952-02-12 Campbell Hausfeld Company Valve
US5327932A (en) * 1993-04-19 1994-07-12 Thomas Industries Inc. Valve restraint enhancement
EP1519043A2 (en) * 2003-09-23 2005-03-30 Uraca Pumpenfabrik Gmbh & Co. Kg Valve assembly of a positive displacement pump

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102013211292A1 (en) 2014-12-18
EP3011180B1 (en) 2017-04-26
TR201710565T4 (en) 2018-08-27
CY1119096T1 (en) 2018-01-10
EP3011180A1 (en) 2016-04-27

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE102010010733A1 (en) Switchable drag lever
WO2012007240A1 (en) Valve insert, and valve having a valve insert of this type
DE102010051156B4 (en) check valve
DE102007056337A1 (en) Valve drive device
AT509878B1 (en) SUCTION VALVE WITH REMOVABLE GRIPPER
DE102012210834A1 (en) Liquid filter with a filter bypass valve and a central discharge channel and filter insert for a liquid filter
EP0110289B1 (en) Equalizing valve
DE102014225054A1 (en) Adjustable camshaft
DE102005058843A1 (en) Intermediate plate for electrohydraulic control device, is arranged between control housing parts of control housing and is designed for regulation of valve at control housing
DE102014215563A1 (en) damping valve
WO2017001501A1 (en) Transmission control device
WO2019042691A1 (en) Pressure-limiting valve
DE112011102627T5 (en) turbocharger
DE3540997C2 (en)
EP3011180B1 (en) Method for operating and servicing a compressor
EP1342907B1 (en) Valve system
WO2017174706A1 (en) Device for depositing oil droplets and/or oil mist
DE102014108997A1 (en) High temperature valve for an internal combustion engine
EP1637783B1 (en) Valve combination for a steam turbine with a fast closing valve and a regulating valve
DE102007051407A1 (en) Valve and method of manufacture of a valve
DE2833834C2 (en) Air filter
DE102004063065B4 (en) Valve arrangement for guiding a liquid against a gas pressure gradient
DE102019117634A1 (en) Valve plate with valve lamellas
EP1462624A1 (en) Secondary air valve
DE2501822C2 (en) check valve

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 14736279

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

REEP Request for entry into the european phase

Ref document number: 2014736279

Country of ref document: EP

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 2014736279

Country of ref document: EP