WO2014201939A1 - 内存监控处理方法及装置 - Google Patents

内存监控处理方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014201939A1
WO2014201939A1 PCT/CN2014/078348 CN2014078348W WO2014201939A1 WO 2014201939 A1 WO2014201939 A1 WO 2014201939A1 CN 2014078348 W CN2014078348 W CN 2014078348W WO 2014201939 A1 WO2014201939 A1 WO 2014201939A1
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Prior art keywords
memory
information
application
release
memory block
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PCT/CN2014/078348
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
阮芳芳
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2014201939A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014201939A1/zh

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
    • G06F11/30Monitoring
    • G06F11/3003Monitoring arrangements specially adapted to the computing system or computing system component being monitored
    • G06F11/3037Monitoring arrangements specially adapted to the computing system or computing system component being monitored where the computing system component is a memory, e.g. virtual memory, cache
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
    • G06F11/30Monitoring
    • G06F11/34Recording or statistical evaluation of computer activity, e.g. of down time, of input/output operation ; Recording or statistical evaluation of user activity, e.g. usability assessment
    • G06F11/3466Performance evaluation by tracing or monitoring
    • G06F11/3476Data logging
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2201/00Indexing scheme relating to error detection, to error correction, and to monitoring
    • G06F2201/88Monitoring involving counting

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications, and in particular to a memory monitoring processing method and apparatus.
  • BACKGROUND In an embedded system application, since an application is basically written by a user, in addition to the basic memory required by the operating system, the rest is allocated to the user for management.
  • the memory management module provided by the embedded operating system often has a relatively simple function. At this time, the user will develop his own memory management module and add positioning diagnostic information. In this case, the user memory usage is now well-known, but the application release of the operating system memory is still in an unattended situation, which brings a lot of difficulties to the positioning system memory failure.
  • operating systems such as VxWorks use a shared memory management strategy in which the user program and the kernel are in the same memory space.
  • a memory monitoring processing method including: recording usage information of a memory block, wherein the memory is divided into one or more partitions, and the partition is divided into one or more of the memory blocks; The use of the memory is monitored based on the recorded usage information of the memory block.
  • the recording the usage information of the memory block includes: when monitoring the application of the memory, determining at least one of the following application information: whether the partition identifier of the application memory is legal, whether the size of the application memory is legal, and applying for the memory Whether the memory block corresponding to the size exists, whether the validity check of the applied memory block is successful; if the judgment result of the application information is yes, the application success information of the successful application for the memory is recorded; and / Or, if at least one of the determination result of the application information is negative, the application failure information for failing the application for the memory and the reason for the failure of the application are recorded.
  • the recording the usage information of the memory block includes: when monitoring the release of the memory, determining at least one of the following release information: whether the partition identifier of the released memory is legal, and whether the validity check of the released memory is successful. If the result of the determination of the release information is yes, the release success information for successfully releasing the memory is recorded; and/or, in the case that at least one of the determination results of the release information is negative, the record pair The release failure information of the memory release failure and the reason for the release failure.
  • the monitoring of the use of the memory according to the recorded usage information of the memory block includes: performing statistics on the used information of the memory block; filtering the usage information of the memory block after the statistics; The filtered usage information of the memory block, wherein the filtered usage information of the memory block identifies the usage of the memory.
  • the application success information includes at least one of the following: an application identifier, a partition identifier for applying for a memory block, a size of an application memory block, a task identifier for applying for a memory, a function stack for applying for a memory, and a monitoring of the memory application. The time to apply for memory.
  • the release success information includes at least one of the following: release the identifier, release the partition identifier of the memory block, release the size of the memory block, release the task identifier of the memory block, and release the function stack of the memory. , the moment when the memory is released.
  • a memory monitoring processing apparatus including: a recording module, configured to record usage information of a memory block, wherein the memory is divided into one or more partitions, and the partition is divided into one or more The memory module is configured to monitor the use of the memory according to the recorded usage information of the memory block.
  • the recording module includes: a first determining unit, configured to determine at least one of the following application information when the application for the memory is monitored: whether the partition identifier of the applied memory is legal, and whether the size of the applied memory is legal Whether the memory block corresponding to the size of the application memory exists, whether the validity check of the applied memory block is successful; the first recording unit is set to record the memory in the case that the judgment result of the application information is yes Application successful application information; and/or, second recording unit, set to the application letter If there is at least one of the judgment results of the interest rate, the application failure information of the application for failure of the memory and the reason for the failure of the application are recorded.
  • a first determining unit configured to determine at least one of the following application information when the application for the memory is monitored: whether the partition identifier of the applied memory is legal, and whether the size of the applied memory is legal Whether the memory block corresponding to the size of the application memory exists, whether the validity check of the applied memory block is successful; the first recording unit is set to record the memory in the
  • the recording module includes: a second determining unit, configured to determine, according to the release of the memory, at least one of the following release information: whether the partition identifier of the released memory is legal, and the legality of releasing the memory Whether the verification is successful; the third recording unit is configured to record a release success information for successfully releasing the memory when the determination result of the release information is yes; and/or, the fourth recording unit is set to be in the If at least one of the determination results of the release information is negative, the release failure information for the release failure of the memory and the reason for the release failure are recorded.
  • the monitoring module includes: a statistics unit configured to perform statistics on the used information of the memory block; and a filtering unit configured to filter the used information of the memory block; the display unit is set to The filtered usage information of the memory block is displayed, where the filtered usage information of the memory block identifies the usage of the memory.
  • the usage information of the memory block is recorded, wherein the memory is divided into one or more partitions, and the partition is divided into one or more of the memory blocks; according to the recorded usage information of the memory block,
  • the use of memory is monitored, which solves the confusion in the use of memory in related technologies, resulting in inefficient memory usage, and even causing memory failures and system crashes, thereby achieving not only the use of memory but also the ability to The efficient positioning of memory faults improves the efficiency of memory usage to a certain extent.
  • FIG. 2 is a structural block diagram of a memory monitoring processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a memory monitoring according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a preferred structure of the recording module 22 in the memory monitoring processing device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a memory monitoring processing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a preferred block diagram of the monitoring module 24; 6 is a schematic diagram of a management structure of an occupied memory block according to an embodiment of the present invention;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a management structure of a free memory block according to an embodiment of the present invention;
  • FIG. 8 is a workflow for monitoring an application memory according to an embodiment of the present invention;
  • Figure 9 is a flow chart showing the operation of monitoring the release of memory in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a memory monitoring processing method according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the process includes the following steps: Step S102: Recording a memory block The information is used, wherein the memory is divided into one or more partitions, and the partition is divided into one or more memory blocks; and in step S104, the use of the memory is monitored according to the used information of the recorded memory blocks.
  • the usage information of the memory block is monitored according to the usage information of the recorded memory block, and the memory is not effectively managed compared with the related art, resulting in confusion of memory usage and inefficient use of memory. Even causing memory failure, system crash, recording the use of memory, statistically analyzing the memory usage according to the recorded usage information, not only can know the memory usage, but also can effectively locate the memory fault, to a certain extent. Improve the efficiency of memory usage. According to the monitoring workflow, the usage information of the memory block is also different.
  • At least one of the following application information can be judged: Whether the partition identifier of the application memory is legal, apply Whether the size of the memory is legal, whether the memory block corresponding to the size of the application memory exists, and whether the validity check of the applied memory block is successful. If the result of the above application information is yes, the application memory is considered successful.
  • the application success information of the memory application is recorded, and the application success information is information about the success of the memory application, for example, may include at least one of the following: the application identifier, the partition identifier of the application memory block, and the size of the application memory block. , the task ID for applying for memory, the function stack for applying for memory, and the time for applying for memory.
  • the application failure information for failing the application for the memory and the reason for the failure of the application are recorded.
  • the application failure information may be determined: whether the partition identifier of the released memory is legal, whether the validity check of the released memory is successful, and the judgment result of releasing the information is If yes, the information about the successful release of the memory is successfully recorded.
  • the release success information is information about the success of the memory release.
  • the release information may include at least one of the following: release the identifier, release the partition identifier of the memory block, and release The size of the memory block, the task ID that frees the memory block, the function stack that frees memory, and the time at which the memory is freed.
  • release failure information for the release failure of the memory and the reason for the release failure are recorded.
  • the use of the memory according to the used information of the recorded memory block can be monitored in the following manner: First, the usage information of the recorded memory block is first counted, that is, The usage information of the memory block is classified into categories; the usage information of the memory block after the statistics is filtered, wherein the filtering is to filter the usage information of the used memory block according to some threshold conditions input by the user; The usage information of the memory block, wherein the usage information of the filtered memory block identifies the usage of the memory. That is, the usage of the memory is known in a targeted manner.
  • a memory monitoring processing device is provided, which is used to implement the above-mentioned embodiments and preferred embodiments, and has not been described again.
  • the term "module” may implement a combination of software and/or hardware of a predetermined function.
  • the apparatus described in the following embodiments is preferably implemented in software, hardware, or a combination of software and hardware, is also possible and conceivable.
  • 2 is a block diagram showing the structure of a memory monitoring processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the apparatus includes a recording module 22 and a monitoring module 24. The apparatus will be described below.
  • the recording module 22 is configured to record usage information of the memory block, wherein the memory is divided into one or more partitions, and the partition is divided into one or more memory blocks; and the monitoring module 24 is connected to the recording module 22, and is set according to the recording.
  • the usage information of the memory block monitors the use of the memory.
  • 3 is a block diagram of a preferred structure of the recording module 22 in the memory monitoring processing apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, the recording module 22 includes: a first determining unit 32, a first recording unit 34, and/or a The second recording unit 36 will be described below.
  • the first determining unit 32 is configured to: when monitoring the application of the memory, determine at least one of the following application information: whether the partition identifier of the applied memory is legal, whether the size of the applied memory is legal, and the size of the applied memory corresponds to Whether the memory block exists, whether the legality check of the applied memory block is successful; the first recording unit 34 is connected to the first determining unit 32, and is set to record the pair if the determination result of the application information is yes.
  • the application for success of the successful application of the memory; and/or the second recording unit 36 is connected to the first sentence
  • the disconnecting unit 32 is configured to record the application failure information for the failed application of the memory and the reason for the application failure in the case where at least one of the determination results of the application information is negative.
  • the recording module 22 includes: a second determining unit 42, a third recording unit 44, and/or a The four recording unit 46 will be described below.
  • the second determining unit 42 is configured to determine, at least one of the following release information, when the release of the memory is monitored: whether the partition identifier of the released memory is legal, and whether the validity check of the released memory is successful;
  • the unit 44 is connected to the second judging unit 42 and is connected to the second judging unit 42 and configured to record the release success information for successfully releasing the memory when the determination result of the release information is yes; and
  • the fourth recording unit 46 is connected to the second judging unit 42 and configured to record the release failure information for the release failure of the memory and the reason for the release failure if at least one of the determination results of the release information is negative.
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a preferred structure of the monitoring module 24 in the memory monitoring processing apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the monitoring module 24 includes a statistic unit 52, a filtering unit 54, and a display unit 56.
  • Module 24 is described.
  • the statistic unit 52 is configured to perform statistics on the usage information of the recorded memory block;
  • the filtering unit 54 is connected to the statistic unit 52, and is configured to filter the usage information of the statistic memory block;
  • the display unit 56 is connected to the filtering
  • the unit 54 is configured to display usage information of the filtered memory block, wherein the used information of the filtered memory block identifies the usage of the memory.
  • a new method, device and system for statistically displaying the memory usage of the VxWorks system are provided for the embedded system of the embedded system.
  • the memory processing method based on the memory management mechanism of VxWorks, implements a method for monitoring the memory usage of the operating system without affecting the normal operation of the system and without increasing the burden on the system, including recording the time for applying for memory or releasing memory, and the memory size.
  • Vxworks In the Vxworks system application, the entire memory space is often divided into several partitions, and then each partition is initialized separately. Vxworks maintains a management header for each partition. At the partition level, there is also a layer of management hierarchy, and Vxworks maintains a block management header for each memory block. In the present embodiment, this is achieved by modifying the structure of the block management header.
  • Embodiment 1 The initialization process of the monitoring system
  • Sl defines and initializes an error statistics table that records multiple entries.
  • the contents of each entry (errRec) record can include the cause of the error, the task ID, the time, the function stack, and the memory address where the error occurred.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a management structure of an occupied memory block according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 6, when a memory block is in an occupied state, one more application record structure (AllocRec) is defined than the source code, and the content recorded by the structure is as shown in FIG. Including at least one of the following: the application flag, the partition id of the memory block, the memory block size, the task id of the application memory, the function stack for applying the memory, and the application time.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a management structure of a free memory block according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG.
  • a release record structure (FreeRec) is added to the management structure when occupied, and the structure is The recorded content includes at least one of the following: release flag, release the partition id of the memory block, release the address of the memory, release the task id of the memory, release the function stack of the memory, release the time. If the released memory is re-applied, freeRec no longer makes sense, because the space occupied by freeRec is also used as part of the requested memory, thus reducing memory consumption. After the above operations are completed, the initialization of the monitoring method has been completed. In order to achieve an accurate description of the monitoring process, the specific process of the monitoring method is described below. Embodiment 2, applying for a memory monitoring process. FIG.
  • Step S802 applying for memory start; Step S804: In the process of applying for the memory, first determine whether the memory partition id is legal. If the judgment result is legal, the process proceeds to step S806, otherwise, the process proceeds to step S818, that is, the process is invalid, the application fails, and the failure reason is an illegal partition id.
  • the failure type is the application class (ALLOC_TYPE).
  • step S806 it is determined whether the application size is legal. If the judgment result is legal, the entry step is entered. S808, otherwise proceeding to step S818, that is, exceeding the range allowed by the system, applying for memory failure, the reason for failure is illegal memory size, and the failure type is application class (ALLOC_TYPE), at this time, according to the type and reason of failure, the relevant information is recorded to In step S808, traversing the free block list of the partition; step S810, determining whether there is a block that meets the size requirement, and if the result of the determination is yes, proceeding to step S812, otherwise proceeding to step S818, If there is no block that meets the requirements, the application for memory fails.
  • ALLOC_TYPE application class
  • the cause of the error is insufficient memory.
  • the failure type is the application class (ALLOC_TYPE).
  • the relevant information is recorded in the corresponding error statistics item.
  • Step S812 the validity check of the block is performed. If the test result is correct, proceed to step S814, otherwise proceed to step S818, that is, the verification fails, the application for the memory fails, the error reason is the verification failure, and the failure type is the application class (ALLOC_TYPE), at this time, according to the failure type and the reason
  • the relevant information is recorded in the corresponding error statistics item; Step S814, if the verification is successful, the application is deemed successful; Step S816, the relevant information is recorded in the corresponding application entry, that is, the relevant information is recorded to the block management.
  • the application flag is set to indicate that the block memory is allocated; the memory partition id of the record block; the record application size; the record application time; the record application id; the record function call stack; step S818, The error type is recorded in the corresponding error log table, and the application for memory fails.
  • Embodiment 3 the monitoring process of releasing the memory.
  • FIG. 9 is a flowchart of a work of monitoring and releasing memory according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 9, in the process of releasing memory, if an error occurs, according to the corresponding error type, the memory task id, function The call stack, release time information is recorded in the corresponding error statistics item mentioned above.
  • Step S902 starting to release the memory;
  • step S904 it is determined whether the partition id is legal, that is, the memory release function is modified, and the block in which the address is released is determined according to the function, and the partition id is legal. If the judgment result is legal, the process proceeds to step S906, otherwise, the process proceeds to step S912. If the file is invalid, the memory is unsuccessful. The reason for the failure is the illegal partition id.
  • the failure type is the release class (FREE_TYPE). At this time, the related information is recorded in the corresponding error statistics table according to the error type and the reason.
  • Step S906 The memory of the address is verified to be correct, that is, the block where the address to be released is verified.
  • step S908 If the result of the determination is correct, the process proceeds to step S908. Otherwise, the process proceeds to step S912, that is, the memory is failed, and the failure is caused by the verification failure.
  • the failure type is FREE_TYPE. At this time, according to the error type and the reason, the related information is recorded in the corresponding error statistics item.
  • step S908 if the verification is successful, the memory is successfully released, and the free block is placed in the system's free list.
  • Step S910 recording related information into the release record entry, that is, repairing FreeRec in the block management structure, the release flag is set, indicating that the block memory is idle; the memory block id of the record block; the record release size; the record release time; the record release task id; the record function call stack; step S912,
  • the error type is logged to the corresponding error log table and the memory release failed.
  • Embodiment 4 statistical analysis process.
  • a series of viewing commands are also provided, and the usage of the memory can be presented to the user in different categories.
  • five kinds of filters are also set: one, the memory state (idle or occupied); two, the range of the task id; three, the range of the block memory size; four, the range of the block memory address 5, memory block usage status (occupied / idle); so-called filters can set some thresholds, so that only the content within the threshold limit is displayed in the command.
  • a series of display commands are provided to view the memory usage from different angles. These commands take advantage of the filter's capabilities. Commands include, view only failed log entries; view memory usage by task; view the function call stack where tasks use memory. The benefit of these commands is that the content displayed to the user is more concise and more direct.
  • modules or steps of the present invention can be implemented by a general-purpose computing device, which can be concentrated on a single computing device or distributed over a network composed of multiple computing devices. Alternatively, they may be implemented by program code executable by the computing device, such that they may be stored in the storage device by the computing device and, in some cases, may be different from the order herein. Perform the steps shown or described, or separate them into individual integrated circuit modules, or Multiple of these modules or steps are fabricated as a single integrated circuit module. Thus, the invention is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software. The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes can be made to the present invention.

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Abstract

一种内存监控处理方法及装置,该方法包括:记录内存块的使用信息,其中,内存划分为一个或多个分区,分区划分为一个或多个内存块;根据记录的内存块的使用信息对内存的使用进行监控,通过本发明,解决了在相关技术中存在内存的使用混乱,从而导致内存使用效率低下,甚至引起内存故障,系统死机的问题,进而达到了不仅能够对内存的使用情况掌握,而且能够对内存的故障高效定位,在一定程度上提高了内存的使用效率的效果。

Description

内存监控处理方法及装置 技术领域 本发明涉及通信领域, 具体而言, 涉及一种内存监控处理方法及装置。 背景技术 在嵌入式系统应用中, 因为应用程序基本上都是用户所编写的, 所以往往将除了 操作系统所需要的基本内存外, 其余都是划分给用户管理的。 而嵌入式操作系统提供 的内存管理模块往往功能比较单一, 这时候用户会开发自己的内存管理模块, 增加定 位诊断信息。 这样的话, 用户内存的使用情况现在是了如指掌, 但操作系统内存的申 请释放仍然处于无人看管的境地, 给定位系统内存故障带来了很多困难。 尤其是像 VxWorks这样的操作系统, 采用用户程序、 内核处于同一个内存空间的 共享内存管理策略, 而且, 操作系统对内存空间也没有保护, 各个任务实际上共享一 个内存空间, 这就引入了内存不稳定的问题。 在通信领域中, 很多产品采用的是 VxWorks实时系统, 负责的功能需求, 频繁的任务间通信, 或者程序员的疏忽大意, 很容易引发系统内存故障, 例如内存泄露, 内存释放了还在使用, 内存改写, 内存重 复释放等问题, 一方面如果发生这种内存故障, 可能直接导致任务挂起, 严重的会导 致整个系统死机, 另一方面, 如果在应用系统中没有相应的机制对内存操作做统计记 录, 肇事者往往神龙见首不见尾, 开发人员往往需要花费很长时间去定位一个系统内 存故障。 因此, 在相关技术中存在内存的使用混乱, 从而导致内存使用效率低下, 甚至引 起内存故障, 系统死机的问题。 发明内容 本发明提供了一种内存监控处理方法及装置, 以至少解决在相关技术中存在内存 的使用混乱, 从而导致内存使用效率低下, 甚至引起内存故障, 系统死机的问题。 根据本发明的一个方面, 提供了一种内存监控处理方法, 包括: 记录内存块的使 用信息, 其中, 内存划分为一个或多个分区, 所述分区划分为一个或多个所述内存块; 根据记录的所述内存块的使用信息对所述内存的使用进行监控。 其中, 记录所述内存块的使用信息包括: 在对内存的申请进行监控的情况下, 对 以下申请信息至少之一进行判断: 申请内存的分区标识是否合法, 申请内存的大小是 否合法, 申请内存的大小所对应的内存块是否存在, 申请的内存块的合法性校验是否 成功; 在所述申请信息的判断结果均为是的情况下, 记录对内存的申请成功的申请成 功信息; 和 /或, 在所述申请信息的判断结果存在至少一个为否的情况下, 记录对内存 的申请失败的申请失败信息及申请失败原因。 其中, 记录所述内存块的使用信息包括: 在对内存的释放进行监控的情况下, 对 以下释放信息至少之一进行判断: 释放内存的分区标识是否合法, 释放内存的合法性 校验是否成功; 在所述释放信息的判断结果均为是的情况下, 记录对内存的释放成功 的释放成功信息; 和 /或, 在所述释放信息的判断结果存在至少一个为否的情况下, 记 录对内存的释放失败的释放失败信息及释放失败原因。 其中, 根据记录的所述内存块的使用信息对所述内存的使用进行监控包括: 对记 录的所述内存块的使用信息进行统计; 对统计后的所述内存块的使用信息进行过滤; 显示过滤后的所述内存块的使用信息, 其中, 过滤后的所述内存块的使用信息标识了 所述内存的使用情况。 其中, 在对内存的申请进行监控时, 所述申请成功信息包括以下至少之一: 申请 标识、 申请内存块的分区标识、 申请内存块的大小、 申请内存的任务标识、 申请内存 的函数堆栈、 申请内存的时刻。 其中, 在对内存的释放进行监控时, 所述释放成功信息包括以下至少之一: 释放 标识、 释放内存块的分区标识、 释放内存块的大小、 释放内存块的任务标识、 释放内 存的函数堆栈、 释放内存的时刻。 根据本发明的另一方面, 提供了一种内存监控处理装置, 包括: 记录模块, 设置 为记录内存块的使用信息, 其中, 内存划分为一个或多个分区, 所述分区划分为一个 或多个所述内存块; 监控模块, 设置为根据记录的所述内存块的使用信息对所述内存 的使用进行监控。 其中, 所述记录模块包括: 第一判断单元, 设置为在对内存的申请进行监控的情 况下, 对以下申请信息至少之一进行判断: 申请内存的分区标识是否合法, 申请内存 的大小是否合法, 申请内存的大小所对应的内存块是否存在, 申请的内存块的合法性 校验是否成功; 第一记录单元, 设置为在所述申请信息的判断结果均为是的情况下, 记录对内存的申请成功的申请成功信息; 和 /或, 第二记录单元, 设置为在所述申请信 息的判断结果存在至少一个为否的情况下, 记录对内存的申请失败的申请失败信息及 申请失败原因。 其中, 所述记录模块包括: 第二判断单元, 设置为在对内存的释放进行监控的情 况下, 对以下释放信息至少之一进行判断: 释放内存的分区标识是否合法, 释放内存 的合法性校验是否成功; 第三记录单元, 设置为在所述释放信息的判断结果均为是的 情况下, 记录对内存的释放成功的释放成功信息; 和 /或, 第四记录单元, 设置为在所 述释放信息的判断结果存在至少一个为否的情况下, 记录对内存的释放失败的释放失 败信息及释放失败原因。 其中, 所述监控模块包括: 统计单元, 设置为对记录的所述内存块的使用信息进 行统计; 过滤单元, 设置为对统计后的所述内存块的使用信息进行过滤; 显示单元, 设置为显示过滤后的所述内存块的使用信息, 其中, 过滤后的所述内存块的使用信息 标识了所述内存的使用情况。 通过本发明, 采用记录内存块的使用信息, 其中, 内存划分为一个或多个分区, 所述分区划分为一个或多个所述内存块; 根据记录的所述内存块的使用信息对所述内 存的使用进行监控, 解决了在相关技术中存在内存的使用混乱, 从而导致内存使用效 率低下, 甚至引起内存故障, 系统死机的问题, 进而达到了不仅能够对内存的使用情 况掌握, 而且能够对内存的故障高效定位, 在一定程度上提高了内存的使用效率的效 果。 附图说明 此处所说明的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解, 构成本申请的一部分, 本发 明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明, 并不构成对本发明的不当限定。 在附图 中: 图 1是根据本发明实施例的内存监控处理方法的流程图; 图 2是根据本发明实施例的内存监控处理装置的结构框图; 图 3是根据本发明实施例的内存监控处理装置中记录模块 22的优选结构框图一; 图 4是根据本发明实施例的内存监控处理装置中记录模块 22的优选结构框图二; 图 5是根据本发明实施例的内存监控处理装置中的监控模块 24的优选结构框图; 图 6是根据本发明实施例的已占用内存块的管理结构示意图; 图 7是根据本发明实施例的空闲内存块的管理结构示意图; 图 8是根据本发明实施例的监控申请内存的工作流程图; 图 9是根据本发明实施例的监控释放内存的工作流程图。 具体实施方式 下文中将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本发明。 需要说明的是, 在不冲突的 情况下, 本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。 在本实施例中提供了一种内存监控处理方法, 图 1是根据本发明实施例的内存监 控处理方法的流程图, 如图 1所示, 该流程包括如下步骤: 步骤 S102, 记录内存块的使用信息, 其中, 内存划分为一个或多个分区, 分区划 分为一个或多个内存块; 步骤 S104, 根据记录的内存块的使用信息对内存的使用进行监控。 通过上述步骤, 通过记录内存块的使用信息, 依据记录的内存块的使用信息来对 内存的使用情况进行监控, 相对于相关技术中不对内存进行有效管理, 导致内存的使 用混乱, 内存使用效率低下, 甚至引起内存故障, 系统死机, 对内存的使用进行记录, 依据记录的使用信息进行统计分析内存的使用情况, 不仅能够对内存的使用情况了如 指掌, 而且能够对内存的故障高效定位, 在一定程度上提高了内存的使用效率。 依据监控的工作流程不同, 记录内存块的使用信息也存在不同, 例如, 在对内存 的申请进行监控的情况下, 可以对以下申请信息至少之一进行判断: 申请内存的分区 标识是否合法, 申请内存的大小是否合法, 申请内存的大小所对应的内存块是否存在, 申请的内存块的合法性校验是否成功; 在上述申请信息的判断结果均为是的情况下, 则认为申请内存是成功的, 记录对内存的申请成功的申请成功信息, 该申请成功信息 即是内存申请成功的相关信息, 例如, 可以包括以下至少之一: 申请标识、 申请内存 块的分区标识、 申请内存块的大小、 申请内存的任务标识、 申请内存的函数堆栈、 申 请内存的时刻。 而在上述申请信息的判断结果存在至少一个为否的情况下, 即认为内 存申请失败, 则记录对内存的申请失败的申请失败信息及申请失败原因。 又例如, 在对内存的释放进行监控的情况下, 可以对以下释放信息至少之一进行 判断: 释放内存的分区标识是否合法, 释放内存的合法性校验是否成功; 在释放信息 的判断结果均为是的情况下, 记录对内存的释放成功的释放成功信息, 该释放成功信 息即是内存释放成功的相关信息, 例如, 可以包括以下至少之一: 释放标识、 释放内 存块的分区标识、释放内存块的大小、释放内存块的任务标识、释放内存的函数堆栈、 释放内存的时刻。 而在上述释放信息的判断结果存在至少一个为否的情况下, 记录对 内存的释放失败的释放失败信息及释放失败原因。 较优地, 为了更为直观、 清楚地获知内存的使用情况, 可以采用以下方式根据记 录的内存块的使用信息对内存的使用进行监控包括: 先对记录的内存块的使用信息进 行统计, 即对内存块的使用信息进行分门别类; 对统计后的内存块的使用信息进行过 滤, 其中, 过滤即是根据用户输入的一些阈值条件, 对统计后的内存块的使用信息进 行筛选; 显示过滤后的内存块的使用信息, 其中, 过滤后的内存块的使用信息标识了 内存的使用情况。 即有针对性地获知内存的使用情况。 在本实施例中还提供了一种内存监控处理装置, 该装置用于实现上述实施例及优 选实施方式, 已经进行过说明的不再赘述。 如以下所使用的, 术语 "模块"可以实现 预定功能的软件和 /或硬件的组合。 尽管以下实施例所描述的装置较佳地以软件来实 现, 但是硬件, 或者软件和硬件的组合的实现也是可能并被构想的。 图 2是根据本发明实施例的内存监控处理装置的结构框图, 如图 2所示, 该装置 包括记录模块 22、 监控模块 24, 下面对该装置进行说明。 记录模块 22,设置为记录内存块的使用信息,其中, 内存划分为一个或多个分区, 分区划分为一个或多个内存块; 监控模块 24, 连接至上述记录模块 22, 设置为根据记 录的内存块的使用信息对内存的使用进行监控。 图 3是根据本发明实施例的内存监控处理装置中记录模块 22的优选结构框图一, 如图 3所示, 该记录模块 22包括: 第一判断单元 32、第一记录单元 34和 /或第二记录 单元 36, 下面对该记录模块 22进行说明。 第一判断单元 32, 设置为在对内存的申请进行监控的情况下, 对以下申请信息至 少之一进行判断: 申请内存的分区标识是否合法, 申请内存的大小是否合法, 申请内 存的大小所对应的内存块是否存在, 申请的内存块的合法性校验是否成功; 第一记录 单元 34,连接至上述第一判断单元 32,设置为在申请信息的判断结果均为是的情况下, 记录对内存的申请成功的申请成功信息; 和 /或, 第二记录单元 36, 连接至上述第一判 断单元 32, 设置为在申请信息的判断结果存在至少一个为否的情况下, 记录对内存的 申请失败的申请失败信息及申请失败原因。 图 4是根据本发明实施例的内存监控处理装置中记录模块 22的优选结构框图二, 如图 4所示, 该记录模块 22包括: 第二判断单元 42、第三记录单元 44和 /或第四记录 单元 46, 下面对该记录模块 22进行说明。 第二判断单元 42, 设置为在对内存的释放进行监控的情况下, 对以下释放信息至 少之一进行判断: 释放内存的分区标识是否合法, 释放内存的合法性校验是否成功; 第三记录单元 44, 连接至上述第二判断单元 42, 连接至上述第二判断单元 42, 设置 为在上述释放信息的判断结果均为是的情况下, 记录对内存的释放成功的释放成功信 息; 和 /或, 第四记录单元 46, 连接至上述第二判断单元 42, 设置为在上述释放信息 的判断结果存在至少一个为否的情况下, 记录对内存的释放失败的释放失败信息及释 放失败原因。 图 5是根据本发明实施例的内存监控处理装置中的监控模块 24的优选结构框图, 如图 5所示, 监控模块 24包括统计单元 52、过滤单元 54和显示单元 56, 下面对该监 控模块 24进行说明。 统计单元 52, 设置为对记录的内存块的使用信息进行统计; 过滤单元 54, 连接至 上述统计单元 52, 设置为对统计后的内存块的使用信息进行过滤; 显示单元 56, 连接 至上述过滤单元 54, 设置为显示过滤后的内存块的使用信息, 其中, 过滤后的内存块 的使用信息标识了内存的使用情况。 在本实施例中, 针对嵌入式系统的嵌入式系统, 提供了一种新的对 VxWorks系统 内存使用统计诊断显示的方法、 装置和系统。 通过此方法可以在不影响系统正常运行 前提下实现监控系统内存的使用情况, 从而达到快速分析系统内存使用情况, 定位内 存故障的目的, 同时填补了对 VxWorks系统内存使用监控领域的空白。 该内存处理方法, 基于 VxWorks的内存管理机制, 在不影响系统正常运作, 不增 加系统负担的情况下, 实现了监控操作系统内存使用情况的方法, 包括记录申请内存 或释放内存的时间, 内存大小, 任务标识(ID), 函数调用堆栈等等; 通过统计分析这 些信息, 可以统计系统中具体任务内存的使用大小; 可以知道具体任务申请内存的函 数堆栈; 可以确定系统中是否存在内存泄露; 可以确定系统中是否存在内存越界; 可 以查看任意内存地址是否空闲或正在被哪个任务所使用。 在 Vxworks系统应用中, 经常把整个内存空间划分为若干个分区, 然后对每个分 区分别初始化, Vxworks为每一个分区都维护着一个管理头。 在分区层面下面还划分 了一层块的管理层次, Vxworks对每一个内存块也维护了一个块管理头。 在本实施例 中, 通过修改块管理头的结构来实现。 在 Vxworks源码的基础上, 添加了一些自定义 的变量, 利用这些自定义的变量记录本实施例用到的信息, 然后对这些信息进行统计 分析, 从而达到监控内存使用的目的。 下面结合实施例对本发明进行说明。 实施例一, 监控系统的初始化过程
Sl, 定义并初始化错误统计表, 该表可记录多项条目。 每个表项 (errRec) 记录 的内容可以包括, 错误原因、 任务 ID、 时间、 函数堆栈、 发生错误的内存地址。
S2, 修改 Vxworks源码中定义的内存块管理头结构。 图 6是根据本发明实施例的已占用内存块的管理结构示意图, 如图 6所示, 内存 块在占用状态时, 比源码定义的多一个申请记录结构 (AllocRec), 这个结构体记录的 内容包括以下至少之一: 申请标志, 内存块的分区 id, 内存块大小, 申请内存的任务 id, 申请内存的函数堆栈, 申请时刻。 图 7是根据本发明实施例的空闲内存块的管理结构示意图, 如图 7所示, 内存块 在空闲状态时, 比占用时的管理结构上多了一个释放记录结构 (FreeRec), 这个结构 体记录的内容包括以下至少之一: 释放标志, 释放内存块的分区 id, 释放内存的地址, 释放内存的任务 id, 释放内存的函数堆栈, 释放时刻。 被释放的内存如果被重新申请, freeRec不再有意义, 因为 freeRec占用的空间, 也是作为被申请内存的一部分而使用的, 从而减少了内存的消耗。 完成上述操作后, 监控方法的初始化工作已经完成。 为了达到对监控过程的准确 说明, 下面对监控方法的具体过程进行描述。 实施例二, 申请内存的监控流程。 图 8是根据本发明实施例的监控申请内存的工作流程图, 如图 8所示, 在申请内 存的过程中, 如果遇到有错误发生, 根据相应的错误类型, 失败原因, 申请内存的任 务 id, 函数调用堆栈, 申请时刻这些信息记录到前文提到的相应的错误统计表项里。 步骤 S802, 申请内存开始; 步骤 S804, 申请内存过程中, 首先判断内存分区 id是否合法, 在判断结果为合法 的情况下, 进入步骤 S806, 否则进入步骤 S818, 即不合法, 申请内存失败, 失败原 因为非法的分区 id, 失败类型是申请类(ALLOC_TYPE), 此时根据失败类型和原因, 将有关信息记录到相应的错误统计表项里; 步骤 S806,判断申请大小是否合法,在判断结果为合法的情况下,进入步骤 S808, 否则进入步骤 S818, 即超过了系统允许的范围, 申请内存失败, 失败原因为非法的内 存大小, 失败类型是申请类 (ALLOC_TYPE), 此时, 根据失败类型和原因, 将有关 信息记录到相应的错误统计表项里; 步骤 S808, 遍历该分区的空闲块链表; 步骤 S810, 判断是否存在满足大小要求的块, 在判断结果为有的情况下, 进入步 骤 S812, 否则进入步骤 S818, 即不存在满足要求的块, 则申请内存失败, 错误原因 为内存不够, 失败类型是申请类 (ALLOC_TYPE), 此时, 根据错误类型和原因, 将 有关信息记录到相应的错误统计表项里; 步骤 S812, 对块进行合法性校验, 在校验结果为正确的情况下, 进入步骤 S814, 否则进入步骤 S818, 即校验失败, 申请内存失败, 错误原因为校验失败, 失败类型是 申请类 (ALLOC_TYPE), 此时, 根据失败类型和原因, 将有关信息记录到相应的错 误统计表项里; 步骤 S814, 如果校验成功, 则视为申请成功; 步骤 S816, 将相关信息记录到相应的申请表项里, 即记录相关信息到块管理结构 中的 AllocRec里, 置上申请标志, 表征该块内存是已分配状态; 记录块所在内存分区 id; 记录申请大小; 记录申请时刻; 记录申请的任务 id; 记录函数调用堆栈; 步骤 S818, 依据错误类型, 记录到相应的错误记录表里, 申请内存失败。 实施例三, 释放内存的监控流程。 图 9是根据本发明实施例的监控释放内存的工作流程图, 如图 9所示, 在释放内 存的过程中, 如果遇到有错误发生, 根据相应的错误类型, 将内存的任务 id, 函数调 用堆栈, 释放时刻这些信息记录到前文提到的相应的错误统计表项里。 步骤 S902, 释放内存开始; 步骤 S904, 判断分区 id是否合法, 即修改内存释放函数, 依据函数判断释放地址 所在块, 所在的分区 id是否合法, 在判断结果为合法的情况下, 进入步骤 S906, 否则 进入步骤 S912, 即如果不合法, 释放内存失败, 失败原因为非法的分区 id, 失败类型 是释放类 (FREE_TYPE), 此时, 根据错误类型和原因, 将有关信息记录到相应的错 误统计表项里; 步骤 S906,判断释放地址内存校验是否正确,即对要释放的地址所在块进行校验, 在判断结果为正确的情况下, 进入步骤 S908, 否则进入步骤 S912, 即释放内存失败, 失败原因为校验失败, 失败类型是 FREE_TYPE, 此时, 根据错误类型和原因, 将有 关信息记录到相应的错误统计表项里; 步骤 S908,判断校验成功,则释放内存成功, 即将空闲块放入系统的空闲链表中; 步骤 S910, 将相关信息记录到释放记录表项里, 即修改块管理结构中的 FreeRec, 置上释放标志, 表征该块内存是空闲状态; 记录块所在内存分区 id; 记录释放大小; 记录释放时刻; 记录释放的任务 id; 记录函数调用堆栈; 步骤 S912, 依据错误类型, 记录到相应的错误记录表里, 内存释放失败。 实施例四, 统计分析过程。 优选地, 在本实施例中还提供了一系列查看命令, 可以将内存的使用情况分门别 类的呈现给用户。 另外, 在本实施例中还设置了五种过滤器: 一, 内存状态 (空闲还 是已占用); 二, 任务 id的范围; 三, 查看块内存大小的范围; 四, 查看块内存地址 的范围; 五, 内存块使用状态 (占用 /空闲); 所谓的过滤器可以设置一些阈值, 从而 在命令中只显示阈值限定范围内的内容。 在本实施例中提供了一系列的显示命令, 从不同角度查看内存的使用情况。 这些 命令正是利用了过滤器的功能。 命令包括, 仅查看失败记录项; 按任务查看内存使用 情况; 查看任务使用内存的函数调用堆栈。 这些命令的好处在于显示给用户的内容更 简洁, 更直接。 显然, 本领域的技术人员应该明白, 上述的本发明的各模块或各步骤可以用通用 的计算装置来实现, 它们可以集中在单个的计算装置上, 或者分布在多个计算装置所 组成的网络上, 可选地, 它们可以用计算装置可执行的程序代码来实现, 从而, 可以 将它们存储在存储装置中由计算装置来执行, 并且在某些情况下, 可以以不同于此处 的顺序执行所示出或描述的步骤, 或者将它们分别制作成各个集成电路模块, 或者将 它们中的多个模块或步骤制作成单个集成电路模块来实现。 这样, 本发明不限制于任 何特定的硬件和软件结合。 以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已, 并不用于限制本发明, 对于本领域的技 术人员来说, 本发明可以有各种更改和变化。 凡在本发明的精神和原则之内, 所作的 任何修改、 等同替换、 改进等, 均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。 工业实用性 通过上述实施例及优选实施方式,不仅解决了在相关技术中存在内存的使用混乱, 从而导致内存使用效率低下, 甚至引起内存故障, 系统死机的问题, 进而不仅能够对 内存的使用情况掌握, 而且能够对内存的故障高效定位, 在一定程度上提高了内存的 使用效率的效果。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 一种内存监控处理方法, 包括:
记录内存块的使用信息, 其中, 内存划分为一个或多个分区, 所述分区划 分为一个或多个所述内存块;
根据记录的所述内存块的使用信息对所述内存的使用进行监控。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其中, 记录所述内存块的使用信息包括:
在对内存的申请进行监控的情况下, 对以下申请信息至少之一进行判断: 申请内存的分区标识是否合法, 申请内存的大小是否合法, 申请内存的大小所 对应的内存块是否存在, 申请的内存块的合法性校验是否成功;
在所述申请信息的判断结果均为是的情况下, 记录对内存的申请成功的申 请成功信息; 和 /或,
在所述申请信息的判断结果存在至少一个为否的情况下, 记录对内存的申 请失败的申请失败信息及申请失败原因。
3. 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其中, 记录所述内存块的使用信息包括:
在对内存的释放进行监控的情况下, 对以下释放信息至少之一进行判断: 释放内存的分区标识是否合法, 释放内存的合法性校验是否成功;
在所述释放信息的判断结果均为是的情况下, 记录对内存的释放成功的释 放成功信息; 和 /或,
在所述释放信息的判断结果存在至少一个为否的情况下, 记录对内存的释 放失败的释放失败信息及释放失败原因。
4. 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其中, 根据记录的所述内存块的使用信息对所述 内存的使用进行监控包括:
对记录的所述内存块的使用信息进行统计;
对统计后的所述内存块的使用信息进行过滤;
显示过滤后的所述内存块的使用信息, 其中, 过滤后的所述内存块的使用 信息标识了所述内存的使用情况。
5. 根据权利要求 2所述的方法, 其中, 在对内存的申请进行监控时, 所述申请成 功信息包括以下至少之一:
申请标识、 申请内存块的分区标识、 申请内存块的大小、 申请内存的任务 标识、 申请内存的函数堆栈、 申请内存的时刻。
6. 根据权利要求 3所述的方法, 其中, 在对内存的释放进行监控时, 所述释放成 功信息包括以下至少之一:
释放标识、 释放内存块的分区标识、 释放内存块的大小、 释放内存块的任 务标识、 释放内存的函数堆栈、 释放内存的时刻。
7. 一种内存监控处理装置, 包括:
记录模块, 设置为记录内存块的使用信息, 其中, 内存划分为一个或多个 分区, 所述分区划分为一个或多个所述内存块;
监控模块, 设置为根据记录的所述内存块的使用信息对所述内存的使用进 行监控。
8. 根据权利要求 7所述的装置, 其中, 所述记录模块包括: 第一判断单元, 设置为在对内存的申请进行监控的情况下, 对以下申请信 息至少之一进行判断: 申请内存的分区标识是否合法, 申请内存的大小是否合 法, 申请内存的大小所对应的内存块是否存在, 申请的内存块的合法性校验是 否成功;
第一记录单元, 设置为在所述申请信息的判断结果均为是的情况下, 记录 对内存的申请成功的申请成功信息; 和 /或,
第二记录单元, 设置为在所述申请信息的判断结果存在至少一个为否的情 况下, 记录对内存的申请失败的申请失败信息及申请失败原因。
9. 根据权利要求 7所述的装置, 其中, 所述记录模块包括: 第二判断单元, 设置为在对内存的释放进行监控的情况下, 对以下释放信 息至少之一进行判断: 释放内存的分区标识是否合法, 释放内存的合法性校验 是否成功;
第三记录单元, 设置为在所述释放信息的判断结果均为是的情况下, 记录 对内存的释放成功的释放成功信息; 和 /或, 第四记录单元, 设置为在所述释放信息的判断结果存在至少一个为否的情 况下, 记录对内存的释放失败的释放失败信息及释放失败原因。
10. 根据权利要求 7所述的装置, 其中, 所述监控模块包括:
统计单元, 设置为对记录的所述内存块的使用信息进行统计; 过滤单元, 设置为对统计后的所述内存块的使用信息进行过滤; 显示单元, 设置为显示过滤后的所述内存块的使用信息, 其中, 过滤后的 所述内存块的使用信息标识了所述内存的使用情况。
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