WO2014201589A1 - 纵向翅片热管电加热器 - Google Patents

纵向翅片热管电加热器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014201589A1
WO2014201589A1 PCT/CN2013/000725 CN2013000725W WO2014201589A1 WO 2014201589 A1 WO2014201589 A1 WO 2014201589A1 CN 2013000725 W CN2013000725 W CN 2013000725W WO 2014201589 A1 WO2014201589 A1 WO 2014201589A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
longitudinal
heat pipe
gravity heat
electric heater
longitudinal finned
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PCT/CN2013/000725
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
邹定国
王顺利
沈世德
魏喜新
张沛
Original Assignee
中发科创节能供暖技术（北京）有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2013/000725 priority Critical patent/WO2014201589A1/zh
Priority to CN201380041549.9A priority patent/CN104662370A/zh
Publication of WO2014201589A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014201589A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/002—Air heaters using electric energy supply
    • F24H3/004—Air heaters using electric energy supply with a closed circuit for a heat transfer liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/0226—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with an intermediate heat-transfer medium, e.g. thermosiphon radiators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/0233—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with air flow channels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/14—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending longitudinally
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2220/00—Components of central heating installations excluding heat sources
    • F24D2220/07—Heat pipes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H2250/00—Electrical heat generating means
    • F24H2250/04—Positive or negative temperature coefficients, e.g. PTC, NTC

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electric heater for indoor use, which is composed of a PTC thermosensitive ceramic heating element combined with a longitudinal fin gravity heat pipe and a casing. Background technique
  • the electric heater is composed of a PTC heat-sensitive ceramic heating element, a longitudinal fin gravity heat pipe, a support and a casing.
  • the PTC thermal ceramic heating element is surrounded by an electrical insulating film disposed between the cannula plate and the support; the hot ends of the plurality of longitudinal fin gravity heat pipes are inserted into the corresponding holes of the insertion tube plate, and are pressed by the compression spring to make the longitudinal direction
  • the flat bottom surface of the hot end of the fin gravity heat pipe has good contact with the electrical insulating film.
  • an integrated vertical longitudinal fin is disposed on the surface of the aluminum longitudinal fin gravity heat pipe body, and the longitudinal fin gravity heat pipe is evacuated and injected with the heat transfer medium.
  • a cylindrical casing is disposed outside each of the longitudinal fin gravity heat pipes, and an air passage is formed between the casing inner cavity and the longitudinal fin gravity heat pipe, and a detachable coupling is formed between the casings.
  • the working principle of the electric heater is as follows: First, the PTC thermal ceramic heating element is energized and heated, and the heat is transferred to the hot end of the longitudinal finned gravity heat pipe of the heat conducting element through the electric insulating film, and the heat of the hot end causes the longitudinal fin to be in the gravity heat pipe.
  • the working fluid is vaporized by heat. Since the longitudinal fin gravity heat pipe has been evacuated, the liquid in the tube can be vaporized at a lower temperature.
  • the steam rises in the middle of the longitudinal fin gravity heat pipe to the upper end of the longitudinal fin gravity heat pipe, at the upper end.
  • the cap of the lower temperature longitudinal fin gravity heat pipe is cooled to release the heat of vaporization, and becomes liquid.
  • the inner surface of the gravity heat pipe along the longitudinal fin is gravity-returned to form a working cycle.
  • the liquid turns into steam and becomes liquid.
  • a large amount of heat is transferred to the air around the fins through the fins, and the air is heated from the bottom of the casing into the casing and the longitudinal fins.
  • the air passage formed together the air rises along the passage between the longitudinal fins, gradually warms up, and forms a suction effect in the space similar to the chimney, until the top end of the hot end accelerates and escapes, entering the indoor air, warming the room.
  • the PTC thermal ceramic sheet is a heating element of the electric heater.
  • the temperature of the PTC thermal ceramic sheet reaches the set value, that is, the Curie point, the resistance of the PTC thermal ceramic sheet becomes extremely large, and the current becomes small, PTC The thermal ceramic sheet does not heat up and the electric heater is in standby mode.
  • the electric heater starts working again.
  • the lower the temperature of the PTC thermal ceramic sheet the higher the input current, the temperature of the PTC thermal ceramic sheet gradually increases, the resistance gradually increases, and the input current gradually becomes smaller, which not only meets the needs of indoor heating, but also can be self-protected at high temperature. effect.
  • the electric heater is divided into four parts: a PTC thermal ceramic heating element, a longitudinal fin gravity heat pipe, a casing and a support.
  • the functions of the components are clear and conform to the functions and functions.
  • One-to-one design method principle of functional components simple structure, no redundant components, low cost, easy maintenance
  • PTC thermal ceramic heating element The unit can control the maximum temperature of the electric heater to save energy and safety
  • the longitudinal finned gravity heat pipe transfers heat quickly, and the shell is combined with the longitudinal fin gravity heat pipe to form a closed closed channel, which has a ventilation effect.
  • the drawing is a general assembly drawing of a longitudinal finned heat pipe electric heater, in which 1 is a housing; 2 is a support, consisting of a 2-1 bracket, a 2-2 cannula, a 2- 3 circlip, and 2-4 The pressure spring is combined; 3 is a PTC thermal ceramic heating element; 4 is a longitudinal fin gravity heat pipe; 5 is a power socket; 6 is a foot.
  • the PTC thermal ceramic heating element and the electrical insulating film are arranged between the insertion tube and the support to facilitate disassembly and assembly; at the same time, there should be a large gap between the support and the housing to facilitate the entry of air.
  • the support is further equipped with a foot of electric heater, which can make the heater stand upright on the ground; a pressure spring is arranged on the insertion tube plate, so that the longitudinal fin gravity heat pipe end is pressed with constant force on the PTC thermal ceramic heating element Surface, the tube hole of the cannula plate should have good matching precision with the hot end of the longitudinal fin gravity heat pipe, and ensure that the longitudinal fin gravity heat pipe can move in the hole when it is inflated and contracted.
  • the longitudinal fin gravity heat pipe is made of aluminum, and the pipe body and the fin are integrated to ensure high heat conduction.
  • the size of the casing should ensure a certain gap between the casing and the longitudinal fin gravity heat pipe to form a circulation passage of air to generate a ventilation effect; a plurality of dark hooks are arranged on the outer side of the casing, and the hook can be opened to make electricity The heater is hung on the wall.
  • the technique of the present invention can also be used in combination with other heat sources, such as conventional resistive heating wires, but the control of the resistance heating temperature must be increased.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Central Heating Systems (AREA)

Abstract

纵向翅片热管电加热器，由PTC热敏陶瓷加热元件（3）、纵向翅片重力热管（4）、壳体（1）和支座（2）四大部件组成，纵向翅片重力热管（4）通过压力弹簧压力压紧在PTC热敏陶瓷加热元件（3）上，纵向翅片重力热管（4）外表面设置一体化的垂直纵向翅片，每根纵向翅片重力热管（4）外面设置一个圆柱形的壳体（1），壳体（1）内腔与纵向翅片重力热管（4）之间形成类似烟囱的通道，壳体（1）之间形成可拆装的联接。该纵向翅片热管电加热器采用PTC热敏陶瓷加热元件与纵向翅片重力热管组合，并通过壳体与纵向翅片重力热管的组合，形成抽风效应，使热传导效率和节能效果有较大提高。

Description

纵向翅片热管电加热器 所属技术领域
本发明涉及一种室内用的电加热器， 由 PTC热敏陶瓷加热元件与纵向翅片重力热管以及 壳体组合而成。 背景技术
目前室内取暖采用集中取暖和分散单独取暖两大类。 随着社会发展和人民生活水平的提 髙， 分散单独取暖方式有了极大的发展， 南方地区冬天单独取暖已成为大众的需要， 农村城 镇化建设也大大促进了单独取暖的发展。 又由于环境保护的问题， 电取暖已经成为大众生活 的必需品。 目前市场上的电加热器主要有电热油汀、 电阻丝加热等几种， 普遍存在电热转换 效率不高、传热速度慢、需要相应的温度控制装置等不足之处， 使得电加热器存在效率不髙、 成本较高、 易损坏等缺点。 本发明拟采用 PTC热敏陶瓷加热元件与纵向翅片重力热管以及壳 体组合成一种全新的电加热器， 以克服传统电加热器的上述不足。 发明内容
本发明所采取的技术方案是： 电加热器由 PTC热敏陶瓷加热元件、 纵向翅片重力热管、 支座和壳体四大部分组成。 PTC热敏陶瓷加热元件外包有电绝缘膜， 设置在插管板和支座之 间； 若干根纵向翅片重力热管的热端插在插管板相应的孔中， 通过压力弹簧加压使得纵向翅 片重力热管热端的平底面与电绝缘膜有良好的接触。 为了改善纵向翅片重力热管的性能， 在 铝制的纵向翅片重力热管管体表面设置一体化的垂直纵向翅片， 对纵向翅片重力热管抽真空 并注入的传热工质。 在每根纵向翅片重力热管外面设置圆柱形的壳体， 壳体内腔与纵向翅片 重力热管之间形成空气通道， 壳体之间形成可装拆的联接。
本电加热器的工作原理为： 首先， 使 PTC热敏陶瓷加热元件通电发热， 热量通过电绝缘 膜传给导热元件纵向翅片重力热管的热端， 热端的热量使纵向翅片重力热管中的工质受热而 汽化， 由于纵向翅片重力热管已抽真空， 管中的液体在较低的温度下就可以汽化， 蒸汽在纵 向翅片重力热管中间上升到纵向翅片重力热管上端， 在上端遇到较低温度的纵向翅片重力热 管的盖帽冷却而释放汽化热， 又变成液体沿纵向翅片重力热管内表面依靠重力回流， 形成工 作循环。 在纵向翅片重力热管中液体变成蒸汽又变成液体的循环工作过程中， 大量的热量通 过翅片传给翅片周围的空气， 空气由壳体下方受热进入壳体和纵向翅片重力热管共同形成的 空气通道， 空气沿纵向翅片之间的通道上升， 逐步升温， 在类似烟囱的空间里形成抽风效应, 一直到热端的顶端加速逸出， 进入室内的空气中， 使房间变暖。
PTC热敏陶瓷片是电加热器的加热元件， 当 PTC热敏陶瓷片温度达到设定值即居里点时， PTC热敏陶瓷片的电阻变得极大， 而电流变得很小， PTC热敏陶瓷片不升温， 电加热器就处于 待机状态。 当 PTC热敏陶瓷片温度降到居里点以下， 电加热器又开始工作。 PTC热敏陶瓷片 的温度越低， 输入电流越大， PTC热敏陶瓷片温度逐步升高， 电阻逐步变大， 输入电流逐步 变小， 既符合室内取暖的需要， 又可以起高温自保护的作用。
本发明明显的特点和有益效果如下： （1 )把电加热器分成 PTC热敏陶瓷加热元件、 纵向 翅片重力热管、 壳体和支座四大部件组成， 各部件的功能清晰， 符合功能与功能元件一一对 应的设计方法原则， 结构简明， 无冗余元件， 成本低， 维修方便； （2 ) PTC热敏陶瓷加热元 件可自行控制电加热器的最高温度， 起节能和安全作用； （3 ) 纵向翅片重力热管传热快， 壳 体又与纵向翅片重力热管组合成垂直的封闭式通道， 起到抽风效应， 可使冷热空气在加热器 内外加速循环； （4 ) PTC热敏陶瓷加热元件和纵向翅片重力热管的较佳组合， 高效利用电能； ( 5 )由一片 PTC热敏陶瓷加热元件和一根纵向翅片重力热管组成一组， 若干组并联组合成电 加热器。 任一组失效不影响其它组工作。 附图说明
附图是纵向翅片热管电加热器的总装配图， 图中 1为壳体； 2为支座， 由 2-1支架、 2-2 插管板、 2- 3弹性挡圈和 2-4压力弹簧组合而成； 3为 PTC热敏陶瓷加热元件； 4为纵向翅片 重力热管； 5为电源插座； 6为撑脚。 具体实施方式
插管板和支座中间设置 PTC热敏陶瓷加热元件和电绝缘膜， 要便于拆装； 同时， 支座与 壳体之间应有较大的空隙， 以利于空气的进入。 支座上另装配有电加热器的撑脚， 可以使加 热器直立在地面； 在插管板上设置压力弹簧， 使纵向翅片重力热管端头以恒力压紧在 PTC热 敏陶瓷加热元件表面， 插管板的管孔应与纵向翅片重力热管热端有较好的配合精度， 确保纵 向翅片重力热管热胀冷缩时可以在孔中移动。
纵向翅片重力热管由铝材加工而成， 管体与翅片要成一体， 以确保高导热。
壳体的大小应确保壳体与纵向翅片重力热管之间有一定的空隙，以形成空气的流通通道， 产生抽风效应； 壳体一边外侧设置有若干暗式挂钩， 掰开挂钩， 可把电加热器挂在墙壁上。
本发明技术也可以使用在与其它热源的组合， 如普通的电阻加热丝， 但必须增加对电阻 加热温度的控制。

Claims

WO 2014/201589 权 利 要 求 书 PCT/CN2013/000725
1.一种纵向翅片热管电加热器， 其特征在于： 它由 PTC热敏陶瓷加热元件 （3)、 纵向翅 片重力热管 （4)、 壳体 （1 ) 和支座 （2) 四大部件组成。
2.根据权利要求 1所述的纵向翅片热管电加热器， 其特征在于： 纵向翅片重力热管 （4) 通过压力弹簧压力压紧在 PTC加热元件 （3) 上。
3.根据权禾 J要求 1所述的纵向翅片热管电加热器， 其特征在于： 纵向翅片重力热管 （4) 外表面设置一体化的垂直纵向翅片。
4.根据权利要求 1所述的纵向翅片热管电加热器， 其特征在于： 每根纵向翅片重力热管 外面设置一个圆柱形的壳体（1 )， 壳体（1 ) 内腔与纵向翅片重力热管之间形成类似烟囱的通 道， 壳体 （1 ) 之间形成可拆装的联接。
PCT/CN2013/000725 2013-06-21 2013-06-21 纵向翅片热管电加热器 WO2014201589A1 (zh)

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CN201380041549.9A CN104662370A (zh) 2013-06-21 2013-06-21 纵向翅片热管电加热器

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