WO2014200370A1 - Dehumidifying and purifying system for air serving as carrier gas in contamination indicators - Google Patents

Dehumidifying and purifying system for air serving as carrier gas in contamination indicators Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014200370A1
WO2014200370A1 PCT/PL2014/000060 PL2014000060W WO2014200370A1 WO 2014200370 A1 WO2014200370 A1 WO 2014200370A1 PL 2014000060 W PL2014000060 W PL 2014000060W WO 2014200370 A1 WO2014200370 A1 WO 2014200370A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gas
outlet
chamber
inlet
exchanger
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/PL2014/000060
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Mirosław MAZIEJUK
Wiesław GALLEWICZ
Jarosław ŁAWREŃCZYK
Tomasz ADAMCZYK-KOREYWO
Michał CEREMUGA
Original Assignee
Wojskowy Instytut Chemii I Radiometrii
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wojskowy Instytut Chemii I Radiometrii filed Critical Wojskowy Instytut Chemii I Radiometrii
Publication of WO2014200370A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014200370A1/en

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/40—Concentrating samples
    • G01N1/4005—Concentrating samples by transferring a selected component through a membrane
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/0004—Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
    • G01N33/0009—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment
    • G01N33/0011—Sample conditioning
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/62—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating the ionisation of gases, e.g. aerosols; by investigating electric discharges, e.g. emission of cathode
    • G01N27/622—Ion mobility spectrometry
    • G01N27/624—Differential mobility spectrometry [DMS]; Field asymmetric-waveform ion mobility spectrometry [FAIMS]

Definitions

  • the subject of the invention is a dehumidifying and purifying system for air serving as carrier gas in contamination indicators.
  • H type substances such as sulphur mustard, nitrogen mustard or lewisite
  • the relative humidity of air at 30°C should be below 1%. The presence of steam reduces sensitivity to a given substance or even makes detection impossible at high concentrations.
  • Measuring equipment based on conventional linear ion mobility spectrometers comprises systems with two air circuits, the so-called internal and external ones. Both circuits are connected in an exchanger through a separating membrane.
  • Flow rates in the circuits are adjusted so that the concentration of a sample tested after the membrane is high and, in principle, is from 0.2 to 1 1/min.
  • the aim of such design of air circuits is to eliminate steam at the detector side.
  • the filter includes molecular sieves that absorb steam from air, and the membrane in the exchanger allows entry of substances to be detected to the internal circuit and also separates the steam.
  • the substance tested by the membrane is transferred by diffusion, so the amount of medium that can pass to the other side (to the internal circuit) is limited and depends on the physical and chemical properties of the membrane.
  • the concentration of the substance tested at the internal circuit side depends on:
  • the concentration of the substance tested at the internal circuit side, the upstream IMS is virtually the same as in the external circuit at the outlet.
  • the dilution degree usually ranges from a few to several units.
  • the sieves absorb only steam, the concentration of the substance tested before a FAIMS detector is virtually the same as that at the inlet, and the steam concentration is considerably lower than at the inlet, but often higher than necessary to detect sulphur mustard, or at a low level. Furthermore, such a solution makes it necessary to replace the sieves.
  • a dehumidifying and purifying system for air serving as carrier gas in contamination indicators comprising internal and external circuits with an exchanger with a separating membrane placed between them, with the inlet of the internal circuit connected to the inlet of gas to the measuring chamber, characterised in that the outlet of gas from the chamber is connected in parallel with the inlet of gas to the chamber and with the outlet of gas from the system, whereby, between the outlet from and inlet to the chamber, there is a filter with molecular sieves located, and between the outlet of the internal circuit and the inlet to the chamber, there is an orifice.
  • the outlet of gas from the chamber is connected with the outlet of gas from the system through the exchanger with the separating membrane.
  • At the outlet from the chamber there are two pumps located in parallel, whereby the external pump is located in the passage of the outlet of gas from the system, and the internal pump is located in the passage of the inlet of gas to the chamber.
  • the inlet of gas is connected with the inlet of the exchanger through a dust filter, an assembly of NH3, humidity and temperature sensors and a valve.
  • the outlet of the exchanger is connected with the outlet of gas from the system through the pump and the carbon filter.
  • the above solution forms a system for two-stage gas dehumidification, comprises two internal circuits, one with molecular sieves (only in the
  • the system with the membrane significantly reduces the humidity of air being analysed and virtually does not reduce the concentration of the substances tested, provided that the membrane material is properly selected and low air flow rates are maintained.
  • This solution in addition to the membrane, has a diluting system.
  • the concentration of the substance tested in the internal dilution circuit is identical to that after the membrane, and thanks to a low flow rate, the concentration after the membrane is virtually the same as that at the device inlet.
  • the inlet of gas JL is connected through the dust filter 2, the assembly of HN3, humidity and temperature sensors 3 and the valve 4 with the exchanger inlet 5, comprising the membrane 6.
  • the space after the membrane is connected through the orifice 7 with the inlet to the detector chamber 8, with the Ni63 ioniser 9, and the assembly of TGS02, humidity and temperature sensors 10.
  • the chamber outlet is reversibly connected with its outlet through the internal pump 11, ensuring a flow rate of 3.51 1/min, and the filter with molecular sieves 12.
  • the chamber outlet is connected in parallel with the exchanger 6 through the external pump 13, ensuring a flow rate within the range of 0.05 - 0.21 1/min, and the carbon filer II 14.
  • the exchanger outlet 6 is connected with the inlet of gas from the system 15 through the pump 16, which ensures a flow rate of 1 1/min, and the carbon filter I 17.
  • the air intake 18 and the device for identifying the contamination 19 can be distinguished: the air intake 18 and the device for identifying the contamination 19.

Abstract

The solution, according to the invention, has a number of advantages. Namely, with two internal circuits in two-stage dehumidifying systems, this significantly reduces the humidity of air drawn for analysis, practically without reducing the concentration of the tested substance, which allows very effective detection of various substances (in low concentrations at the device inlet). The dehumidifying and purifying system for air serving as carrier gas in contamination indicators is characterised in that the outlet of gas from the chamber (8) is connected in parallel with the inlet of gas to the chamber and with the outlet of gas from the system, whereby, between the outlet from and inlet to the chamber, there is a filter with molecular sieves (12), and between the outlet of the internal circuit and the inlet to the chamber, there is an orifice (7). The outlet of gas from the chamber (8) is conveniently connected with the outlet of gas from the system (15) through the exchanger (5) with the separating membrane (6), and at the outlet from the chamber (8), there are two pumps located in parallel, whereby the external pump (13) is located in the passage of the outlet of gas from the system (15), and the internal pump (11) is located in the passage of the inlet of gas to the chamber (8).

Description

Dehumidifying and purifying system for air serving as carrier gas in contamination indicators
The subject of the invention is a dehumidifying and purifying system for air serving as carrier gas in contamination indicators.
When detecting H type substances, such as sulphur mustard, nitrogen mustard or lewisite, it is of utmost importance to maintain a very low concentration of steam in the air. To enable correct detection of the above substances, the relative humidity of air at 30°C should be below 1%. The presence of steam reduces sensitivity to a given substance or even makes detection impossible at high concentrations.
Measuring equipment based on conventional linear ion mobility spectrometers (IMS) comprises systems with two air circuits, the so-called internal and external ones. Both circuits are connected in an exchanger through a separating membrane.
Flow rates in the circuits are adjusted so that the concentration of a sample tested after the membrane is high and, in principle, is from 0.2 to 1 1/min.
The aim of such design of air circuits is to eliminate steam at the detector side. The filter includes molecular sieves that absorb steam from air, and the membrane in the exchanger allows entry of substances to be detected to the internal circuit and also separates the steam. The substance tested by the membrane is transferred by diffusion, so the amount of medium that can pass to the other side (to the internal circuit) is limited and depends on the physical and chemical properties of the membrane. The concentration of the substance tested at the internal circuit side depends on:
- substance concentration at the outlet side (external circuit); - flow rate in the internal circuit;
- physical and chemical properties of the membrane.
For low flow rates, it can be assumed that the concentration of the substance tested at the internal circuit side, the upstream IMS, is virtually the same as in the external circuit at the outlet.
Increasing the flow rate in the internal circuit causes the sample tested to dilute, as the substance tested builds up on the internal circuit filter.
This leads to considerable reduction of detection threshold for both H and G type substances (organic phosphorus toxic substances).
For systems where the flow rate through a detector should be above 1.5 1/min, this solution does not satisfy the conditions for gas exchange speed, so this type of a gas system is ineffective. Such a high flow rate would cause considerable dilution of the sample, as transfer through the membrane is limited. This would significantly reduce the sensitivity of such an analyser. For flow rates above 1.5 1/min, equipment with DMS/FAIMS detectors is used. The known solution of Owlstone utilises a membrane-less system with circuit mixing. In lieu of the membrane, a tee is used, and instead of the filters, molecular sieves are provided to absorb steam without absorbing the substance tested.
This solution is unfortunately ineffective in high air humidity (above 50 % for 20°C), as the relative humidity in the internal circuit exceeds the limits at which, for example, sulphur mustard can be detected.
The dilution degree usually ranges from a few to several units.
Since the sieves absorb only steam, the concentration of the substance tested before a FAIMS detector is virtually the same as that at the inlet, and the steam concentration is considerably lower than at the inlet, but often higher than necessary to detect sulphur mustard, or at a low level. Furthermore, such a solution makes it necessary to replace the sieves.
The aim of the invention was to develop an air dehumidifying system without the above shortcomings. A dehumidifying and purifying system for air serving as carrier gas in contamination indicators, according to the invention, comprising internal and external circuits with an exchanger with a separating membrane placed between them, with the inlet of the internal circuit connected to the inlet of gas to the measuring chamber, characterised in that the outlet of gas from the chamber is connected in parallel with the inlet of gas to the chamber and with the outlet of gas from the system, whereby, between the outlet from and inlet to the chamber, there is a filter with molecular sieves located, and between the outlet of the internal circuit and the inlet to the chamber, there is an orifice.
In a preferred embodiment of the system, the outlet of gas from the chamber is connected with the outlet of gas from the system through the exchanger with the separating membrane.
In another preferred embodiment of the system, at the outlet from the chamber, there are two pumps located in parallel, whereby the external pump is located in the passage of the outlet of gas from the system, and the internal pump is located in the passage of the inlet of gas to the chamber.
It is also preferred when the inlet of gas is connected with the inlet of the exchanger through a dust filter, an assembly of NH3, humidity and temperature sensors and a valve.
Preferably, the outlet of the exchanger is connected with the outlet of gas from the system through the pump and the carbon filter.
The above solution forms a system for two-stage gas dehumidification, comprises two internal circuits, one with molecular sieves (only in the
FAIMS/DMS chamber circuit) and the other one with a membrane.
The system with the membrane significantly reduces the humidity of air being analysed and virtually does not reduce the concentration of the substances tested, provided that the membrane material is properly selected and low air flow rates are maintained. This solution, in addition to the membrane, has a diluting system. The concentration of the substance tested in the internal dilution circuit is identical to that after the membrane, and thanks to a low flow rate, the concentration after the membrane is virtually the same as that at the device inlet.
Therefore, with such a double internal circuit:
• The concentration of tested substance before the FAIMS/DMS detector is virtually the same as that at the inlet (only the membrane processes slightly reduce the concentrations);
• The steam concentration before the detector is very low, at several dozen ppm, which makes it possible to detect various substances at a very good level (for very low concentrations at the device inlet).
An embodiment of the invention is presented in the schematic illustration.
The inlet of gas JL is connected through the dust filter 2, the assembly of HN3, humidity and temperature sensors 3 and the valve 4 with the exchanger inlet 5, comprising the membrane 6. The space after the membrane is connected through the orifice 7 with the inlet to the detector chamber 8, with the Ni63 ioniser 9, and the assembly of TGS02, humidity and temperature sensors 10. The chamber outlet is reversibly connected with its outlet through the internal pump 11, ensuring a flow rate of 3.51 1/min, and the filter with molecular sieves 12. The chamber outlet is connected in parallel with the exchanger 6 through the external pump 13, ensuring a flow rate within the range of 0.05 - 0.21 1/min, and the carbon filer II 14. The exchanger outlet 6 is connected with the inlet of gas from the system 15 through the pump 16, which ensures a flow rate of 1 1/min, and the carbon filter I 17. In the entire system, two blocks can be distinguished: the air intake 18 and the device for identifying the contamination 19.

Claims

Patent Claims
1. A dehumidifying and purifying system for air serving as carrier gas in contamination indicators, according to the invention, comprising internal and external circuits with an exchanger with a separating membrane placed between them, with the inlet of the internal circuit connected to the inlet of gas to the measuring chamber, characterised in that the outlet of gas from the chamber (8) is connected in parallel with the inlet of gas to the chamber and with the outlet of gas from the system, whereby, between the outlet from and inlet to the chamber, there is a filter with molecular sieves (12) located, and between the outlet of the internal circuit and the inlet to the chamber, there is an orifice (7) .
2. System, according to claim 1 , characterised in that the outlet of gas from the chamber (8) is connected with the outlet of gas from the system (15) through the exchanger (5) with the separating membrane (6).
3. System, according to claim 1 , characterised in that, at the outlet from the chamber (8), there are two pumps located in parallel, whereby the external pump (13) is located in the passage of the outlet of gas from the system (15), and the internal pump (11) is located in the passage of the inlet of gas to the chamber (8).
4. System, according to claim 1 , characterised in that the inlet of gas ( 1) is connected with the inlet of the exchanger (5) through the dust filter (2), the assembly of NH3, humidity and temperature sensors (3) and a valve (4|.
5. System according to claim 1 , characterised in that the outlet of the exchanger (5) is connected with the outlet of gas from the system (15) through the pump (16) and the carbon filter (17) .
PCT/PL2014/000060 2013-06-11 2014-06-06 Dehumidifying and purifying system for air serving as carrier gas in contamination indicators WO2014200370A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PLP.404290 2013-06-11
PL404290A PL231741B1 (en) 2013-06-11 2013-06-11 Drainage system and air purification, which is the carrier gas in the contamination sirens

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WO2014200370A1 true WO2014200370A1 (en) 2014-12-18

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WO (1) WO2014200370A1 (en)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0021518A1 (en) * 1979-06-21 1981-01-07 Pye (Electronic Products) Limited Trace vapour detector
US4570073A (en) * 1984-05-16 1986-02-11 Honeywell Inc. Method for operating an ionization detector and an apparatus utilizing the same
EP0219602A2 (en) * 1985-08-01 1987-04-29 Allied Corporation Ionization detector
US20090114812A1 (en) * 2007-11-06 2009-05-07 Jurgen Landgraf Ion mobility spectrometer with substance collector

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0021518A1 (en) * 1979-06-21 1981-01-07 Pye (Electronic Products) Limited Trace vapour detector
US4570073A (en) * 1984-05-16 1986-02-11 Honeywell Inc. Method for operating an ionization detector and an apparatus utilizing the same
EP0219602A2 (en) * 1985-08-01 1987-04-29 Allied Corporation Ionization detector
US20090114812A1 (en) * 2007-11-06 2009-05-07 Jurgen Landgraf Ion mobility spectrometer with substance collector

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PL231741B1 (en) 2019-03-29
PL404290A1 (en) 2014-12-22

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