WO2014198266A1

WO2014198266A1 - Bicycle drive and bicycle comprising a bicycle drive

Info

Publication number: WO2014198266A1
Application number: PCT/DE2014/200099
Authority: WO
Inventors: Dietmar Rudy; Bettina Rudy; Ralf Moseberg; Dominic ABELS; Henning Dombek
Original assignee: Schaeffler Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg
Priority date: 2013-06-12
Filing date: 2014-03-03
Publication date: 2014-12-18
Also published as: DE102013215784A1; WO2014198265A1; DE102013215783A1

Abstract

Disclosed is a bicycle drive having a multi-stage hub gearing comprising a shifting device (9) for shifting a multi-speed hub (1) and an electronic control unit controlling the shifting device (9), characterized in that the shifting device comprises a linear actuator (11) having an actuator motor (21a) and a transmission coupled to the actuator motor (21a), wherein the transmission converts input-side rotational movements into output-side linear movements of an actuating element (15).

Description

Bicycle drive and bicycle with bicycle drive

The present invention relates to a bicycle drive with a multi-stage

Hub. The present invention also relates to a bicycle having such a bicycle drive.

Bicycles usually have hub gears or derailleurs. The driver selects the appropriate gear step by means of a manual switch. As a rule, these are rotary switches or swivel or toggle switches on the handlebars.

From DE 202012001571 U1 is a bicycle drive according to the characteristics of

The preamble of claim 1 become known. The switching device has a working servomotor and a locking servomotor. Furthermore, as

Actuator for the operation of a Bowden cable of the hub gear provided a pull-pulley which rotates about a rotation axis. The Bowden cable is guided along a circular path on the pulley. Microswitches are guided on cam tracks of gear parts.

The object of the invention was to provide a bicycle drive that is simpler in construction.

According to the invention this object has been achieved by the bicycle drive according to claim 1.

Characterized in that the switching device comprises a linear actuator, the one

Actuator motor and a connected to the actuator motor gear, wherein the transmission input-side rotational movements in the output side linear

Transforms movements of an actuator, there are numerous advantages.

Linear actuators are very compact. The actuator of the transmission allows linear positioning movements without further deflection of the Bowden cable. The arranged in the sheath of the Bowden cable can be arranged along the adjusting axis of the actuator. The actuator motor is formed by an electric motor. In a particular embodiment of the invention, a planetary roller screw drive known per se is provided as a gear, which has a spindle nut arranged on a threaded spindle. In an annular space formed by the threaded spindle and the spindle nut, planets distributed over the circumference are provided. The planets are in tandem with both the

Spindle nut as well as with the threaded spindle. The planets are provided with a planet-side groove profile and the spindle nut is provided with a nut-side groove profile, wherein the threaded spindle is provided with a helical thread wound around the spindle axis.

Such Planetenwalzgewindetrieb allow a very large reduction of an input-side rotation of a motor shaft in a linear movement of the

Actuator. For this reason, the use of very small-building

Electric motors possible, which can be operated at high speeds. The electric motors, together with the planetary roller screw the

Form linear actuator.

The output side provided actuator of the linear actuator can be connected to a

Bowden cable connected, which acts on the multi-speed hub to perform a gear change. The traction cable of the Bowden cable is fastened to the actuator in a conventional manner, whereby adjusting movements of the traction cable and the actuator take place in parallel, without any further deflection of the traction cable. Preferably, the axes of the traction cable and the adjusting axis of the actuator coincide.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the switching device comprises a manually operated manual switching unit and an electromechanical switching unit formed by the linear actuator, wherein the manual switching unit has a Bowden cable for actuating the multi-speed hub, and wherein the electromechanical switching unit is a Bowden cable for switching the

Has multi-speed hub. The actuator may be formed by the spindle nut or by a machine part attached to the spindle nut. In this case, the threaded spindle is connected to the motor shaft and rotated while the

Spindle nut rotatably but longitudinally displaceable. The actuator can by the threaded spindle or by a fastened to the threaded spindle

Be formed machine part. In this case, the spindle nut is connected to the motor shaft and rotated, while the threaded spindle rotatably but

is arranged longitudinally displaceable.

With this bicycle drive, both manual shifting and automated shifting of the multi-speed hub can occur, as described in detail below.

The linear actuator of this variant may have an actuator housing, wherein the actuator for actuating the multi-speed hub relative to the actuator housing is displaceable, and wherein the Bowden cable of the manual switching unit is connected to the actuator housing.

An accumulator unit can be connected to the linear actuator, wherein the accumulator unit can be provided with an electronic control unit for controlling a switching operation of the linear actuator. For example, the switching device may have an electrical switch that can be switched by the driver for a desired gear change. This switch can be provided with several switching positions - depending on the design of the switching device:

It can be provided in an automatic position, depending on the

Cadence of the driver and the torque load of the pedal crankshaft the controller controls the linear actuator and triggers switching operations;

There may be provided a detent step portion with detent steps for the gears to manually operate the switching unit for a desired gear change.

A preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the linear actuator is housed in a frame tube of the bicycle frame. In this way, the linear actuator is protected from the weather and also very space-saving used. The linear actuator may be housed in a saddle tube carrying the caliper or in a head tube receiving the front fork.

The linear actuator can be solved by means of a fastening device releasably attached to the

Fixed frame tube. In this way, the linear actuator is arranged in the direction of the actuator either lockable or longitudinally displaceable.

The actuator housing of the linear actuator can be arranged longitudinally displaceable in the frame tube. This may be useful if the linear actuator is arranged between two Bowden cables, so that the tensile forces of a Bowden cable are transmitted via the linear actuator in the other Bowden cable. The one

Bowden cable can be connected in this case, on the one hand to an actuator housing and on the other hand to the manual switching unit. The other Bowden cable can be connected on the one hand to the actuator of the linear actuator and on the other hand, for example, to a switching pin of the multi-speed hub. This arrangement optionally allows automatic operation and manual operation. When the manual shift unit is in the automatic position, the linear actuator is operated via the electronic control.

In this automatic position of the linear actuator is held stationary via the one connected to the manual switching unit Bowden cable, wherein only the actuation of the linear actuator, the actuator for the automated circuit of the multi-speed hub is displaced.

In the detent step section, the electromechanical switching unit is switched off and the entire linear actuator is moved with the Bowden cables connected on both sides for manual switching of the multi-speed hub.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to two exemplary embodiments depicted in a total of three figures. Show it:

FIG. 1 shows a bicycle with a first bicycle drive according to the invention, FIG. 2 shows a bicycle with a second bicycle drive according to the invention, and FIG 3 shows a linear actuator of the first and the second bicycle drive according to the invention.

Figure 1 shows a detail of a bicycle with diamond frame, which is provided with a first bicycle drive according to the invention. This bicycle drive has a multi-stage hub gear with a conventional multi-speed hub 1. The multi-speed hub is installed in a rear wheel 2 of the bicycle. To the

Diamond frame is a power engine 3 is grown, which drives the rear wheel 2.

A chain 4 wraps around a arranged on a pedal crankshaft 5 chainring 6 and a pinion gear 7 of the multi-speed hub. 1 The pedal crankshaft 5 is provided in a known manner with pedal cranks 8. An unillustrated torque sensor detects a torque applied to the pedal crankshaft 5. An unrecorded cadence sensor detects a rotational speed of the pedal crankshaft 5, wherein the

Torque sensor and the cadence sensor both to an electronic

Control unit 19 are connected.

The multi-stage hub circuit has a switching device 9, which has a non-illustrated, manually operated manual switching unit, which is designed in a conventional manner as a rotary handle switch on the bicycle handlebars. This manual switching unit has a first Bowden cable 10, which is connected on the one hand to the rotary switch or rotary handle, not shown, and on the other hand to a linear actuator 1 1. The Bowden cable 10 is through a top tube 12 of the

Diamond frame performed and led out again in the area of the unillustrated head tube.

The linear actuator 1 1 is part of an electromechanical switching unit 13, which has a second Bowden cable 14 for switching the multi-speed hub 1. The second Bowden cable 14 is connected on the one hand to an actuator 15 of the linear actuator 1 1 and on the other hand to a not further illustrated switching pin of the multi-speed hub 1. The second Bowden cable 14 is guided via deflection rollers 14a from the seat tube 17 to a chain stay of the bicycle frame. On a saddle 16-bearing seat tube 17 of the diamond frame, a battery unit 18 is supported, which energizes both the auxiliary motor 3 and the linear actuator 1 1. The accumulator unit 18 further includes an electronic control unit 19, not shown, which controls both the auxiliary motor 3 and the linear actuator 1 1.

The linear actuator 1 1 and a partial length of the second Bowden cable 14 are housed in the seat tube 17. The first Bowden cable 10 is attached to an actuator housing 20 of the linear actuator 1 1; the actuator 15 is arranged linearly displaceable relative to the actuator housing 20. The linear actuator 1 1 as a whole is longitudinally displaceable in the seat tube 17.

FIG. 3 shows the linear actuator 11 in a longitudinal section. The linear actuator 1 1 consists essentially of an electric motor 21, which may also be referred to as actuator motor 21 a, a Planetenwälzgewindetrieb 22, the actuator 15 and the actuator housing 20, in which the actuator motor 21 formed by an electric motor 21 a and the Planetenwälzgewindetrieb 22 housed are.

The Planetenwälzgewindetrieb 22 has a on a threaded spindle 23rd

arranged spindle nut 24. In one of the threaded spindle 23 and the spindle nut 24 formed annular space 25 distributed over the circumference arranged planet 26 in rolling engagement both with the spindle nut 26 and with the

Threaded spindle 23. The planets 26 are provided with a planet-side groove profile 27 and the spindle nut 24 with a nut-side groove profile 28. The threaded spindle 23 is provided with a helically wound around the spindle axis thread 29. The threaded spindle 23 is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to a motor shaft 30 of the electric motor 21 held in the actuator housing 20. The

Spindle nut 24 is rotatably and axially displaceable in the actuator housing 20 is arranged. The tubular actuator 15 is attached to the spindle nut 24. The threaded spindle 23 is connected via a deep groove ball bearing 31 in the

Actuator housing 20 rotatably mounted. Under rotation of the threaded spindle 23, the planet 27 roll on the threaded spindle 23 and on the spindle nut 24. The planets 27 rotate about their planetary axis and rotate around the spindle axis. With such a Planetenwälzgewindetrieb 22 very large reductions can be realized, the proper operation of the Bowden cable for performing a

Enable gear changes.

In the actuator housing 20, a linear scale 33 is included, which can be designed as a Leitpotenziometer. In the spindle nut 24 is a contact piece 34 which contacts the trained as potentiometer 35 linear scale 33. As a linear sensor but any other physical measuring principle such.

magnetoresistive, magnetostrictive, capacitive or inductive conceivable.

Under adjusting movements of the actuator 15, the contact piece 34 moves along the potentiometer strip 35, on the position of the actuator 15 in the actuator housing 20 is determined properly. For the implementation of a gear change, the actuator moves until a predetermined via the electronic control unit 19 position of the contact piece 34 is reached on the Potentiometerstreifen.

Manual actuation of the multi-speed hub 1 may be desirable if, for example, the accumulator unit is no longer sufficiently charged. The unillustrated rotary switch on the steering wheel can be turned into a range in which switching by hand is perfectly possible. In manual operation, the linear actuator is moved as a whole in the seat tube and serves as a rigid connecting piece of the two Bowden cables 10 and 14th

In automatic mode, the handset can be set to a specific position, which can correspond to either the highest or lowest gear. The cable length is increased or decreased by the actuator and thereby set the appropriate switching stage.

In this situation, the cylindrical actuator housing 20 of the linear actuator remains locked in the seat tube 17. The lock can be made possible by the Bowden cable 10 which is not operated in automatic mode. Alternatively, the linear actuator can also be fastened in the seat tube 17 by means of a fastening screw. This fastening screw can be performed through the wall of the seat tube 17 and clamp the linear actuator.

About the cadence sensor and the torque sensor can in the

electronic control unit 19 defined switching points are defined, which trigger a switching operation of the linear actuator 1 1. For example, if the driver steps with a high cadence, another gear can be automatically switched so that the speed of the bicycle can be maintained at a reduced cadence. If the detected torque exceeds set limits, a gear change can also be made automatically, so that at the same speed is applied a lower torque load.

The electronic control unit first actuates the auxiliary power motor 3 in such a way that the current supply is reduced or even de-energized. If the driver still acts with pedaling the cranks, a brake or a freewheel can be provided, which prevent transmission of pedaling power to the hub pinion. In this way, the multi-speed hub 1 can be relieved during the actual switching operation. Now, the linear actuator 1 1 is controlled and energized via the electronic control unit 19. Upon actuation of the actuator motor 21, the actuator is displaced linearly in the direction of the Bowden cable 14, so that the Bowden cable 14 actuates the multi-speed hub 1 and causes a gear change.

It is also conceivable not to control the linear actuator 1 1 automatically via the electronic control unit 19, but to trigger the switching operations manually and run on the linear actuator: If the driver wants a gear change, he can operate a mounted on the rotary switch electrical switch, the example a middle position out among opposing ones

Rotary movement can be deflected and closes an electrical contact. The electronic control unit 19 now actuates the auxiliary power motor 3 in such a way that the current is reduced or even de-energized. If the driver still treads the pedal cranks with pedaling, a brake or a freewheel can are provided, which prevent transmission of pedaling to the pinion gear. Now, the linear actuator 1 1 is controlled and energized via the electronic control unit 19. Upon actuation of the actuator motor 21, the actuator is displaced linearly in the direction of the Bowden cable 14, so that the Bowden cable 14 actuates the multi-speed hub 1 and causes a gear change.

FIG. 3 shows a further variant of the invention, which differs from the one above

described embodiment essentially differs in that the first Bowden cable 10 is omitted, so that a manual operation of the

Multi-speed hub 1 is omitted in a conventional manner. The linear actuator 1 1 is fixed in the seat tube 17. For attachment, a screw may be screwed through the wall of the seat tube 17, which clamps the linear actuator in the seat tube 17. The bicycle drive described above is provided according to the invention for bicycles without auxiliary power drive.

Claims

claims

1 . Bicycle drive with a multi-stage hub circuit, which has a switching device (9) for switching a multi-gear hub (1), and with an electronic control, which controls the switching device (9), characterized in that the switching device comprises a linear actuator (1 1) an actuator motor (21 a) and a to the actuator motor (21 a) connected to the transmission, wherein the transmission input-side rotational movements in the output side linear

Moves an actuator (15) converts.

2. Bicycle drive according to claim 1, whose transmission by a

Planetenwälzgewindetrieb (22) is formed, one on a threaded spindle

(23) arranged spindle nut (24), wherein in one of the

Threaded spindle (23) and the spindle nut (24) formed annular space (25) distributed over the circumference arranged planet (26) in rolling engagement both with the spindle nut (24) and with the threaded spindle (23), wherein the planet (26) a planetary groove profile (27) and the spindle nut

(24) are provided with a nut-side groove profile (28), wherein the

Threaded spindle (23) with a helical around the spindle axis

wound thread (29) is provided.

3. bicycle drive according to claim 1, whose linear actuator (1 1) on the output side

has linearly adjustable actuator (15), which via a Bowden cable (14), the multi-speed hub (1) switches.

4. Bicycle drive according to one of claims 1 to 3, the switching device (9) comprises a manually operated manual switching unit and a linear actuator (1 1) having electromechanical switching unit (13), wherein the manual switching unit a Bowden cable (10) for switching the Has multi-gear hub (1), and wherein the electromechanical switching unit (13) has a

Bowden cable (14) for switching the multi-speed hub (1).

5. Fahrradantneb according to at least one of claims 1 to 4, whose linear actuator (1 1) has an actuator housing (20), wherein the actuator (15) for actuating the multi-speed hub (1) relative to the actuator housing (20).

is displaceable, and wherein the Bowden cable (10) of the manual switching unit is connected to the actuator housing (20).

6. Bicycle drive according to at least one of claims 1 to 5, whose

Accumulator (18) to the linear actuator (1 1) is connected, wherein the accumulator unit (18) with an electronic control unit (19) for controlling a switching operation of the linear actuator (1 1) is provided.

7. Bicycle with a bicycle drive according to at least one of claims 1 to 6, with a wheels carrying the wheels bicycle frame, wherein the linear actuator (1 1) is housed in a frame tube of the bicycle frame.

8. Bicycle according to claim 7, the bicycle frame has a saddle (16) supporting the seat tube (17) and a front fork receiving the control tube, wherein the linear actuator (1 1) in the seat tube (17) or in the head tube

is housed.

9. Bicycle according to claim 7, whose linear actuator (1 1) by means of a

Fastener is releasably secured to the frame tube.

10. Bicycle according to at least one of claims 7 - 9, the actuator housing (20) is arranged longitudinally displaceable in the frame tube.

11. Bicycle with a bicycle drive according to at least one of claims 1 to 6, the chain (4) on a pedal crankshaft (5) arranged chain ring (6) and a hub pinion (7) of the multi-gear hub (1) wraps around, wherein a

Torque sensor detected at the pedal crankshaft torque, and wherein a cadence sensor detects a speed of the pedal crankshaft, and wherein the torque sensor and the cadence sensor both to the

electronic control are connected.