WO2014187462A1 - Tuyau flexible non collé - Google Patents

Tuyau flexible non collé Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014187462A1
WO2014187462A1 PCT/DK2014/050134 DK2014050134W WO2014187462A1 WO 2014187462 A1 WO2014187462 A1 WO 2014187462A1 DK 2014050134 W DK2014050134 W DK 2014050134W WO 2014187462 A1 WO2014187462 A1 WO 2014187462A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
armor
tensile
layer
elongate
flexible pipe
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DK2014/050134
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Kristian GLEJBØL
Original Assignee
National Oilwell Varco Denmark I/S
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by National Oilwell Varco Denmark I/S filed Critical National Oilwell Varco Denmark I/S
Publication of WO2014187462A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014187462A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L11/00—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes
    • F16L11/04—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics
    • F16L11/08—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with reinforcements embedded in the wall
    • F16L11/088—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with reinforcements embedded in the wall comprising a combination of one or more layers of a helically wound cord or wire with one or more braided layers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L11/00—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes
    • F16L11/04—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics
    • F16L11/08—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with reinforcements embedded in the wall
    • F16L11/081—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with reinforcements embedded in the wall comprising one or more layers of a helically wound cord or wire
    • F16L11/083—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with reinforcements embedded in the wall comprising one or more layers of a helically wound cord or wire three or more layers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an unbonded flexible pipe in particular for offshore and subsea transportation of fluids like hydrocarbons, C02, water and mixtures hereof.
  • Flexible unbonded pipes of the present type are for example described in the standard "Recommended Practice for Flexible Pipe", ANSI/ API 17 B, fourth Edition, July 2008, and the standard “Specification for Unbonded Flexible Pipe", ANSI/API 17J, Third edition, July 2008.
  • Such pipes usually comprise an inner liner also often called an inner sealing sheath or an inner sheath, which is the innermost sealing sheath and which forms a barrier against the outflow of the fluid which is conveyed in the bore of the pipe, and one or more armoring layers.
  • the pipe further comprises an outer protection layer which provides mechanical protection of the armor layers.
  • the outer protection layer may be a sealing layer sealing against ingress of sea water.
  • one or more intermediate sealing layers are arranged between armor layers.
  • unbonded means in this text that at least two of the layers including the armoring layers and polymer layers are not bonded to each other.
  • the known pipe normally comprises at least two armoring layers located outside the inner sealing sheath and optionally an armor structure located inside the inner sealing sheath normally referred to as a carcass.
  • sealing sheath is herein used to designate a liquid impermeable layer, normally comprising or consisting of polymer.
  • inner sealing sheath designates the innermost sealing sheath.
  • intermediate sealing sheath means a sealing sheath which is not the inner sealing sheath and which comprises at least one additional layer on its outer side.
  • outer sealing sheath means the outermost sealing sheath.
  • the armoring layers usually comprise or consist of one or more helically wound elongated armoring elements, where the individual armor layers are not bonded to each other directly or indirectly via other layers along the pipe. Further it is often required that individual elongate armor elements can move slightly relatively to each other. Thereby the pipe becomes bendable and sufficiently flexible to roll up for transportation.
  • a traditional prior art flexible unbonded pipe comprises from inside and outwards an optional carcass (sometimes also called an inner armor), an innermost sealing sheath, a pressure armor, a tensile armor and optionally an outer protection sheath for mechanical protection and/or for sealing against ingress of seawater in use.
  • the pipe may comprises additional layers, such as anti-wear layers between armor layers, insulating layers, intermediate sealing layers and/or an anti birdcage layer outside the outermost tensile layer to prevent the tensile armor layer from buckling.
  • the carcass has the purpose of protecting the innermost liner against compressive forces, either due to mechanical forces acting on the pipe or due to compressed fluids trying to squeeze the liner, and thereby preventing the pipe from collapsing e.g. when subjected to hydrostatic pressure.
  • the carcass usually comprises helically wound and interlocked elongate armor elements.
  • the innermost sealing sheath forms the innermost sealing sheath and defines the bore of the pipe.
  • the pressure armor is usually in the form of one or more layers composed of helically wound steel elements which are wound with a relatively high winding angle to the axis of the pipe.
  • the pressure armor mainly has the purpose of protecting the pipe against internal pressure (from inside of the pipe and outwards) provided by the fluid transported in the pipe.
  • Such pressure can be very high and often varies along the length of the pipe as well as over time.
  • the pressure armor can also protect against external pressure (from outside of the pipe) in particular if the pipe has a liquid impermeable sheath on the outer side of the pressure armor.
  • the tensile armor is usually in the form of a plurality of tensile armor layers which are usually pair-wise cross wound (wound with opposite winding direction).
  • the tensile armor layers are normally composed of elongate armor elements which are helically wound with a relative low winding angle relative to the axis of the pipe - e.g. about 55 degrees or very often less.
  • the tensile armor has the purpose of providing the pipe with strength in its length direction and preventing undesired elongation of the pipe. Since the armor layers are unbonded to each other, the pipe can normally be flexible in length direction without being damaged.
  • the elongate elements of the tensile armor act against this pulling force while allowing slight elongation of the pipe by gradually reducing its winding angle to the axis of the pipe.
  • This lengthwise flexibility of the pipe is essential for the strength of the pipe because without at least a certain lengthwise flexibility the pipe would be in risk of being damaged at much lower lengthwise forces.
  • the pipe is subjected to axial compression stresses such as to the phenomenon referred to as "reverse end-cap effect"
  • the pipe may be subjected to an axial shortening. This effect is for example described in "Instability of tensile armor layers of flexible pipes under external pressure" by Fabrice Bectarte et al. Proceedings of OMAE 2004.
  • the elements of the armor layers, and in particular the tensile armor layers will thereby be subjected to axial compression and thereby they may deform through lateral and/or radial buckling which is both very damaging to the pipe and potentially dangerous to anyone near the pipe. Also the pipe may leak and thereby result in undesired pollution.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an unbonded flexible pipe suitable for offshore and subsea transportation of fluids under high pressure including fluids like hydrocarbons, C02, water and mixtures thereof, wherein the unbonded flexible pipe can be produced to have a high flexibility, while simultaneously having a high resistance against axial stresses.
  • in radial direction means a direction from the axis of the pipe and radially outwards or conversely.
  • inside and outside a layer of the pipe are used to designate the relative distance to the axis of the pipe, such that “inside a layer” means the area encircled by the layer, i.e. with a shorter axial distance than the layer, and “outside a layer” means the area not encircled by the layer and not contained by the layer, i.e. with a shorter axial distance than the layer.
  • inner side of a layer is the side of the layer facing the axis of the pipe.
  • outer side of a layer is the side of the layer facing away from the axis of the pipe.
  • iser is herein used to designate a transportation line with a generally vertical orientation e.g. a pipe riser for transportation of fluid or a cable riser for transportation of electricity, signals and similar.
  • An umbilical is usually a riser of the cable comprising several elements i.e. of cable type riser and/or pipe type riser.
  • the unbonded flexible pipe of the invention comprises an inner sealing sheath which surrounds and defines the bore in which a fluid can be transported through the pipe.
  • a carcass is arranged inside the innermost sealing sheath.
  • the unbonded flexible pipe comprises a plurality of armor layers surrounding the innermost sealing sheath.
  • the plurality of armor layers comprises from the innermost sealing sheath and out a first tensile armor comprising at least one first tensile armor layer comprising a plurality of elongate armor elements helically wound with a winding angle of about 55 degrees or less, a pressure armor comprising at least one pressure armor layer comprising at least one elongate armor element helically wound with a winding angle of about 65 degrees or more, and a second tensile armor comprising at least one second tensile armor layer comprising a plurality of elongate armor elements helically wound with a winding angle of about 55 degrees or less.
  • the unbonded flexible pipe advantageously comprises an intermediate sealing layer between the first tensile armor and the pressure armor.
  • any pressure provided from the pressure armor towards the first tensile armor becomes relatively homogenously distributed at least in a local length section of the pipe thereby providing a further increased resistance against crushing loads.
  • the pressure armor layer can in principle comprise any number of elongate armor elements depending on the structure of the pressure armor layer, the width of the elongate armor element(s) and on its/their winding angle. Since the pressure armor layer elongate armor element(s) is/are wound with a high winding angle, the number of elongate armor elements is usually relatively low.
  • the pressure armor layer is made from one single elongate armor element, optionally interlocked with itself in adjacent windings.
  • the pressure armor layer comprises 2-8 elongate armor elements which may be equal or different from each other.
  • the one or more elongate armor elements of the pressure armor layer are not interlocked. It has been found that due to the relatively low risk of axial shortening of the pipe, the need for interlocking adjacent windings of elongate armor element(s) is reduced. Since it is rather expensive to produce the interlocking, large savings can thereby be obtained by omitting interlocking of adjacent windings of elongate armor element.
  • the elongate armor element(s) is/are in the form of wires, preferably with a simple shape, such as rectangular optionally with rounded corners.
  • the pressure armor has one single pressure armor layer. In most cases one single layer is sufficient, however, several layers can be applied if desired.
  • the winding angle of the elongate armor element(s) of the pressure armor layer is advantageously about 70 degrees or more, such as about 75 degrees or more. In an embodiment the winding angle of the elongate armor element(s) of the pressure armor layer is about 80 degrees or more, such as about 85 degrees or more.
  • the helically wound elongate armor element(s) provides a plurality of armor element windings which are interlocked with a predetermined play.
  • Such kind of interlocked windings are well known and are e.g. described in US 6,283,161.
  • the at least one elongate armor element of the pressure armor is of fiber reinforced polymer, such as the elongate armor elements described in US 7,842,149, US 6,165,586 or WO 01/51839.
  • the at least one elongate armor element of the pressure armor is of fiber reinforced polymer, where the fibers preferably are selected from basalt fibres, polypropylene fibres, carbon fibres, glass fibres, aramid fibres, steel fibres, polyethylene fibres, mineral fibres and/or mixtures comprising at least one of the foregoing fibres.
  • the at least one elongate armor element of the pressure armor is of metal such as the metal described in "Recommended Practice for Flexible Pipe", ANSI/API 17 B mentioned above.
  • the metal is preferably steel such as a ferritic stainless steel (e.g. AISIs 409 or 430); an austenitic stainless steel (e.g. 316L, 317L); a duplex steel (e.g. Duplex 2205 or UNS S31803); a high nickel alloyed steel (e.g. alloy 31 - Nicofer 3127hMo or N08825) or a carbon steel.
  • the carcass comprises at least one helically wound and interlocked elongate armor element.
  • the carcass is preferably of one or more of the metals described above.
  • the carcass can for example be as described in US 6,904,939, US 6,145,546, EP 1 475 560 or WO 2008/077409 or as in co-pending application DK PA 2013 70057.
  • the at least one elongate armor element of the tensile armor is of fiber reinforced polymer such as the composite polymers described above. In an embodiment the at least one elongate armor element of the tensile armor is of metal, such as the metals described above.
  • the pressure armor comprises at least one metal elongate armor element and the tensile armor is of composite polymer elongate armor elements.
  • the at least one first tensile armor layer is applied outside the innermost sealing sheath optionally with a tape layer between.
  • the tape layer in the form of a fibrous layer and/or a polymer layer for preventing creep or for anti wear purpose.
  • the tape layer is a fibrous layer impregnated with a polymer.
  • the tape is preferably a tape as described in co-pending application DK PA 2012 70733.
  • the at least one first tensile armor layer is applied outside the innermost sealing sheath optionally with an insulation layer between, such as a polymeric insulation layer optionally of would insulating bands. Thereby the insulation layer further has the function to increase the axial stiffness of the pipe.
  • the insulation layer can e.g. be a wound or an extruded layer, such as an insulation layer as described in WO 2013/044920.
  • the at least one first tensile armor layer is applied directly onto the innermost sealing sheath.
  • low strength elements e.g. of elastomeric material are arranged between the windings of the elongate armor elements thereby controlling their interspacing. Such low strength elements are described further below.
  • the at least one first tensile armor layer is applied outside the innermost sealing sheath without any pressure armor layer in between.
  • first tensile armor layers may have equal or different winding angles.
  • the at least one first tensile armor layer is helically wound with a winding angle of about 45 degrees or less.
  • the winding angle is not less than about 10 degrees to the axis of the pipe.
  • the winding angle is about 40 degrees or less, such as from about 10 to about 35 degrees. All winding angles are angles to the axis of the pipe. In practice, the lower the winding angle of the first tensile armor layer, the higher the compression resistance provided by this layer.
  • the winding angle of elongate armor elements of a first tensile armor layer is matched with another tensile armor layer comprising elongate armor elements with opposite winding direction.
  • the matching armor layers are matched such that the relation between axial pull and torque from the oppositely would elongate armor elements of the layers are balanced.
  • Preferred matching winding angles can be determined from the winding diameter and compliance of the oppositely wound elongate armor elements of the respective matching layers.
  • such oppositely wound tensile armor layer is a second tensile armor layer wound outside the pressure armor layer it is generally desired that the winding angle is not too low since this may result in birdcaging effects ifthe compression forces become too high.
  • a second tensile armor layer has a very low winding angle a further holding layer of elements wound with a relatively low winding angle is applied.
  • the holding layer may be an armor layer or alternatively of fibers/fiber material/wires or similar which has a sufficient strength in longitudinal direction (winding direction).
  • the at least one first tensile armor layer comprises one or more elongate low strength elements wound between the elongate armor element, where the tensile strength of the one or more elongate low strength elements is less than the tensile strength of the elongate armor elements.
  • the tensile strength of the one or more elongate low strength elements is about 75 % or less relative to the tensile strength of the elongate armor element.
  • the low strength elements are advantageously of an elastomeric material, thereby ensuring a high flexibility even where the low strength more or less fills out any gap between the elongate armor elements.
  • the tensile strength of an elongate armoring element and elongate low strength element is determined in the length direction of the elongate elements and is determined at 20 °C.
  • the elongate low strength elements are of elastomer optionally comprising up to about 20 % by weight of another material selected from filler and reinforcement. In an embodiment the elongate low strength elements are porous elements.
  • the unbonded flexible pipe may comprise several first tensile armor layers arranged between the innermost sealing sheath and the pressure armor.
  • the pipe comprises two or more first tensile armor layers arranged between the innermost sealing sheath and the pressure armor.
  • Such two first tensile armor layers arranged between the innermost sealing sheath and the pressure armor are advantageously cross-wound first tensile armor layers.
  • cross-wound layers means that the layers comprise wound elongate elements that are wound in opposite direction relatively to the longitudinal axis of the pipe where the angle to the longitudinal axis can be equal or different from each other.
  • the second tensile armor is applied directly outside the pressure armor optionally with a tape layer between the pressure armor and the second tensile armor.
  • the tape layer is advantageously an anti-wear layer.
  • the second tensile armor layer is applied outside the pressure armor with an intermediate sealing layer between the pressure armor and the second tensile armor.
  • Such intermediate sealing layer may for example have the purpose of providing a chemical protection of the pressure armor, in particular where the unbonded flexible pipe does not comprise any outer sealing against ingress of seawater.
  • the second tensile armor layer is advantageously of composite material, such as fiber reinforced polymer.
  • the at least one second tensile armor layer is helically wound with a winding angle of about 45 degrees or less, such as with a winding angle of about 40 degrees or less, such as with a winding angle from about 25 to about 45 degrees.
  • the winding angle of the second tensile armor layer is not too low due to potential risk of birdcaging of the wires of the tensile armor layer, in particular if the wires are of metal.
  • the at least one second tensile armor layer comprises one or more elongate low strength elements wound between the elongate armor element, where the tensile strength of the one or more elongate low strength elements is less than the tensile strength of the elongate armor elements.
  • the tensile strength of the one or more elongate low strength elements is about 75 % or less relative to the tensile strength of the elongate armor element.
  • the elongate low strength elements can be as described above.
  • the second tensile armor comprises two or more second tensile armor layers arranged outside the pressure armor.
  • the second tensile armor comprises at least two cross-wound second tensile armor layers.
  • the at least one first tensile armor layer comprises elongate armor elements which are cross wound with respect to elongate armor elements of at least one second tensile armor layer.
  • the first tensile armor comprises one single first tensile armor layer comprising a plurality of elongate armor elements with a winding angle of about 40 degrees or less.
  • the one single first tensile armor layer may for example comprise a plurality of elongate armor elements with a winding angle of about 35 degrees or less.
  • the second tensile armor can advantageously comprise at least two second tensile armor layers, where an innermost of the two second tensile armor layers comprises a plurality of elongate armor elements cross wound with respect to the first tensile armor layer in order to compensate for undesired torsional effects.
  • the winding angle of the innermost of the two second tensile armor layers is advantageously 45 degrees or more, such as 50 degrees or more.
  • the not innermost of the two second tensile armor layers comprises a plurality of elongate armor elements cross wound with respect to the innermost second tensile armor layer.
  • the winding angle of the not innermost of the two second tensile armor layers is advantageously lower than the winding angle of the innermost second tensile layer.
  • the winding angle of the second tensile armor layer or layers should not be too low and often a winding angle of about 40 degrees or more will be desired for the not innermost of the two second tensile armor layers.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of an embodiment of the unbonded flexible pipe of the invention comprising one first tensile armor layer and two second tensile armor layers.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of an embodiment of the unbonded flexible pipe of the invention comprising two first tensile armor layer and two second tensile armor layers.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of an embodiment of the unbonded flexible pipe of the invention comprising one first tensile armor layer with a low winding angle.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of an embodiment of the unbonded flexible pipe of the invention comprising an intermediate sealing sheath and a liquid permeable outer protecting sheath for mechanical protection.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic side view of an embodiment of the unbonded flexible pipe of the invention comprising one first tensile armor layer wound inside the innermost sealing sheath.
  • the unbonded flexible pipe shown in FIG. 1 comprises a liquid impervious inner sealing sheath 2 defining a bore through which a fluid can be transported as indicated with the bold arrow.
  • the liquid impervious inner sealing sheath 2 can be of any polymer material suitable for forming such liquid impervious barrier.
  • the liquid impervious inner sealing sheath 2 has the purpose of preventing outflow of the fluid transferred in the bore of the pipe.
  • the unbonded flexible pipe comprises an inner armor layer 1, called a carcass which is advantageously of metal, and has the main purpose of reinforcing the unbonded flexible pipe against collapse as described above.
  • the carcass 1 is not liquid tight.
  • the unbonded flexible pipe On the outer side of the liquid impervious inner sealing sheath 2, the unbonded flexible pipe comprises a first tensile armor layer 3 comprising a plurality of elongate armor elements helically wound with a first winding direction relative to the longitudinal axis of the pipe and a winding angle of about 55 degrees or less. In the shown embodiment it is about 45 degrees.
  • the unbonded flexible pipe comprises a pressure armor layer 4 which is preferably of helically wound armor element(s) of metal or of composite material e.g. fiber reinforced polymer. Where high crushing strength is required, the carcass is advantageously of metal or comprises a major weight amount of metal.
  • the pressure armor layer 4 is wound with a high angle to the center axis of the unbonded flexible pipe, such as an angle to the axis of the unbonded flexible pipe of about 70 degrees or more e.g. about 85 degrees.
  • the pressure armor layer 4 is not liquid tight.
  • the pressure armor is of the same material as the carcass.
  • the unbonded flexible pipe comprises two cross wound second tensile armor layers 6a, 6b wound from elongate armor elements e.g. of composite material and/or metal.
  • the elongate armoring elements of the innermost second tensile armor layer 6b are wound with a second winding direction which is opposite to the first winding direction of the first tensile armor layer.
  • the winding angle of the innermost second tensile armor layer 6b is for example about 55 and the winding angle of the outermost second tensile armor layer 6a is advantageously about 45 degrees and wound with the first winding direction, i.e. the two second tensile armor layers 6a, 6b are advantageously cross-wound.
  • the unbonded flexible pipe further comprises a liquid impervious outer sealing sheath 7 which protects the armor layers mechanically and against ingress of sea water.
  • the unbonded flexible pipe comprises not shown anti-friction layers between the armor layers 3, 4, 6b and 6a respectively.
  • adjacent windings of the wound elongate armor elements of the first tensile armor layer 3 are interlocked to prevent creep of the innermost sealing sheath into gaps between windings.
  • the outermost second tensile armor layer 6a is omitted.
  • the unbonded flexible pipe of FIG. 1 comprises not shown low strength elements arranged between windings of the wound elongate armor elements of the first tensile armor layer 3 to prevent creep of the innermost sealing sheath into gaps between windings.
  • the unbonded flexible pipe of FIG. 1 comprises a not shown tape layer or a not shown insulating layer between the innermost sealing sheath 2 and the first tensile armor layer 3 to prevent creep of the innermost sealing sheath into gaps between windings e.g. while simultaneously providing an thermal insulation.
  • the unbonded flexible pipe shown in FIG. 2 differs from the pipe of FIG. 1 in that it comprises two first tensile armor layers 13a, 13b and it comprises from inside and out a carcass 11, a liquid impervious inner sealing sheath 12, the two first tensile armor layers 13a, 13b, a pressure armor layer 14, two cross-wound second tensile armor layers 16a, 16b and a liquid impervious outer sealing sheath 17.
  • the pipe of FIG. 2 may advantageously comprise the additional layers mentioned for the pipe of FIG. 1.
  • the two first tensile armor layers 13a, 13b are cross-wound with respect to each other, preferably such than the outermost 13a of the two first tensile armor layers is also cross-wound with respect to the innermost 16b of the two cross- wound second tensile armor layers.
  • the unbonded flexible pipe shown in FIG. 3 differs from the pipe of FIG. 2 in that the two first tensile armor layers 23a, 23b are wound with a very low angle to the longitudinal axis of the pipe.
  • the unbonded flexible pipe comprises from inside and out a carcass 21, a liquid impervious inner sealing sheath 22, the two first tensile armor layers 23a, 23b, a pressure armor layer 24, two cross-wound second tensile armor layers 26a, 26b and a liquid impervious outer sealing sheath 27.
  • the pipe of FIG. 3 may advantageously comprise the additional layers mentioned for the pipe of FIG. 1.
  • the innermost of the two first tensile armor layers 23a, 23b is
  • first tensile armor layers 23a, 23b are advantageously wound in a first direction with a winding angle of about 10 to about 30 degrees and the outermost of the two first tensile armor layers 23a, 23b is advantageously wound in a second direction opposite to the first direction with a winding angle of about 10 to about 30 degrees.
  • first tensile armor layers 23a, 23b will be squeezed between the carcass 21 and the pressure armor layer 24 which both results in a highly increased resistance against axial stresses while simultaneously preventing the elongate armor element from buckling to the phenomena called birdcaging which may ultimately result in leak of the pipe.
  • the unbonded flexible pipe shown in FIG. 4 differs from the pipe of FIG. 1 in that it comprises an intermediate sealing sheath 35 and a liquid permeable outer protecting sheath 37.
  • the pipe comprises from inside and out a carcass 31, a liquid impervious inner sealing sheath 32, a first tensile armor layers 33, a pressure armor layer 34, the intermediate sealing sheath 35, two cross-wound second tensile armor layers 36a, 36b and the liquid permeable outer protecting sheath 37, for providing mechanical protection while allowing the ingress of seawater in use.
  • the perforations 39 are shown to indicate that the outer sheath 37 is permeable. It should be understood that the permeability of the outer protecting sheath 37 could be provided in other ways.
  • the intermediate sealing sheath 35 has the purpose of protecting the pressure armor layer 34 - which advantageously comprises or consists of metal - from the corrosive seawater.
  • the two second tensile armor layers 36a, 36b are preferably of non-corrosive material, such as fiber reinforced polymer and for such materials it is advantageous that aggressive gasses from the fluid transported in the pipe are not accumulated to contact with the polymers, but rather will be released to the seawater. Simultaneously undesired pressure built-up around the pressure armor 34 can be avoided. The hydrostatic pressure will act directly on the outer side of the intermediate sealing sheath 35, but the pressure no additional pressure built-up will occur.
  • the unbonded flexible pipe shown in FIG. 5 differs from the pipe of FIG. 4 in that it comprises a first tensile armor layer 43 between its carcass 41 and its innermost sealing sheath 42.
  • the pipe comprises from inside and out a carcass 41, the first tensile armor layer 43, the liquid impervious inner sealing sheath 42, a pressure armor layer 44, an intermediate sealing sheath 45, two cross-wound second tensile armor layers 46a, 46b and a liquid permeable outer protecting sheath 47.
  • the pipe of FIG. 5 may advantageously comprise the additional layers mentioned for the pipe of FIG. 1. Further the pipe of FIG. 5 could additionally comprise a further first tensile armor layer arranged between the innermost sealing sheath 43 and the pressure armor 44.
  • the first tensile armor layer 43 will be squeezed between the carcass 41 and the pressure armor layer 44 thereby resulting in a highly increased resistance against axial stresses while simultaneously maintaining a high flexibility of the pipe,

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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

La présente invention concerne un tuyau flexible de type non collé. Le tuyau comprend une carcasse entourée par une gaine d'étanchéité intérieure définissant un alésage et une pluralité de couches blindées entourant la gaine d'étanchéité située le plus à l'intérieur. La pluralité de couches blindées comprend, depuis la gaine d'étanchéité située le plus à l'intérieur et à l'extérieur, un premier blindage à la traction comprenant au moins une première couche de blindage à la traction comprenant une pluralité d'éléments de blindage allongés enroulés à la façon d'une hélice avec un angle de bobine d'environ 55 degrés ou moins, un blindage à la pression comprenant au moins une couche de blindage à la pression comprenant au moins un élément de blindage allongé enroulé à la façon d'une hélice avec un angle de bobine d'environ 65 degrés ou davantage, et un second blindage à la traction comprenant au moins une seconde couche de blindage à la traction comprenant une pluralité d'éléments de blindage allongés enroulés à la façon d'une hélice avec un angle de bobine d'environ 55 degrés ou moins.
PCT/DK2014/050134 2013-05-23 2014-05-14 Tuyau flexible non collé WO2014187462A1 (fr)

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DKPA201370276 2013-05-23

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2017025100A1 (fr) * 2015-08-10 2017-02-16 National Oilwell Varco Denmark I/S Tuyau flexible non collé
CN108825893A (zh) * 2018-09-07 2018-11-16 广州远和船海研究院有限公司 一种复合柔性管
CN110985775A (zh) * 2018-10-02 2020-04-10 意大利玛努利液压责任有限公司 液压软管
EP3568624A4 (fr) * 2017-01-13 2020-10-14 National Oilwell Varco Denmark I/S Conduite souple non collée

Citations (5)

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WO1992000481A1 (fr) * 1990-06-29 1992-01-09 Coflexip Conduite tubulaire flexible comportant une nappe d'armure agrafee et son procede de fabrication
US6085799A (en) * 1996-01-22 2000-07-11 Coflexip Use of a buried flexible pipeline
GB2412953A (en) * 2004-04-07 2005-10-12 Phoenix Rubber Gumiipari Kft High pressure hose comprising several layers of reinforcing plies
WO2008113362A1 (fr) * 2007-03-16 2008-09-25 Nkt Flexibles I/S Tuyau souple
WO2012006998A1 (fr) * 2010-07-14 2012-01-19 Nkt Flexibles I/S Tuyau souple sans liaison

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WO1992000481A1 (fr) * 1990-06-29 1992-01-09 Coflexip Conduite tubulaire flexible comportant une nappe d'armure agrafee et son procede de fabrication
US6085799A (en) * 1996-01-22 2000-07-11 Coflexip Use of a buried flexible pipeline
GB2412953A (en) * 2004-04-07 2005-10-12 Phoenix Rubber Gumiipari Kft High pressure hose comprising several layers of reinforcing plies
WO2008113362A1 (fr) * 2007-03-16 2008-09-25 Nkt Flexibles I/S Tuyau souple
WO2012006998A1 (fr) * 2010-07-14 2012-01-19 Nkt Flexibles I/S Tuyau souple sans liaison

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2017025100A1 (fr) * 2015-08-10 2017-02-16 National Oilwell Varco Denmark I/S Tuyau flexible non collé
US10851918B2 (en) 2015-08-10 2020-12-01 National Oilwell Varco Denmark I/S Unbonded flexible pipe
EP3568624A4 (fr) * 2017-01-13 2020-10-14 National Oilwell Varco Denmark I/S Conduite souple non collée
US11231132B2 (en) 2017-01-13 2022-01-25 National Oilwell Vareo Denmark I/S Unbonded flexible pipe
CN108825893A (zh) * 2018-09-07 2018-11-16 广州远和船海研究院有限公司 一种复合柔性管
CN110985775A (zh) * 2018-10-02 2020-04-10 意大利玛努利液压责任有限公司 液压软管

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