WO2014177606A1

WO2014177606A1 - Security document with an integrated textile

Info

Publication number: WO2014177606A1
Application number: PCT/EP2014/058804
Authority: WO
Inventors: Stefan TRÖLENBERG; Jörg Fischer; Franziska Peinze
Original assignee: Bundesdruckerei Gmbh
Priority date: 2013-04-30
Filing date: 2014-04-30
Publication date: 2014-11-06
Also published as: DE102014204657B4; DE102014204657A1; EP2991836A1; EP2991836B1; CN104955657A; CN104955657B

Abstract

The invention relates to a security document (1) comprising a two-dimensionally stretched composite body (3), which has an upper side (31) and an opposite lower side (33) and which is composed of at least two substrate layers (35, 37), and a textile (41), which is formed from threads (45) and of which at least one two-dimensional section (43) is arranged between the at least two substrate layers (35, 37), wherein at least one optically detectable representation (61) is located in the security document (1) and is or can be covered at least by a portion of the section (43) of the textile (41) that is arranged between the at least two substrate layers (35, 37), wherein the textile (41) and the at least one optically detectable representation (61) are designed such that an image (150) of the overlap of the at least one portion of the section (43) of the textile (41) over the at least one optically detectable representation (61), when optically detected through the upper side (31) of the composite body (3), is dependent on a detecting direction relative to the upper side (31) of the composite body (3). The textile (41) may be provided with a flap section in order to be integrated into a passport. The optically detectable representation may comprise a graphic pattern and the textile is designed such that the threads thereof are arranged in a textile pattern, wherein the textile pattern and the graphic pattern differ by a pattern spacing such that a moiré effect is achieved.

Description

Security document with an integrated textile

The invention relates to a security document with a flat extended

Composite body, which is composed of several substrate layers.

A variety of security documents are known from the prior art, which comprise or comprise a card-shaped composite body.

Security documents are all those documents which have at least one feature that makes it difficult and / or impossible to copy, falsify or duplicate or unauthorize the document.

Security documents include, for example, ID cards, driving licenses, passports, identity cards, access cards, but also credit cards, postage stamps, shares, visas and the like, to name but a few. In order to complicate an imitation and falsification, it is an effort, as difficult to produce and / or

to integrate security features to be mocked into a security document. In addition, it is an effort to develop the security features so that they can be easily and reliably verifiable. Verification is understood to mean checking the feature for authenticity and / or integrity.

From EP 1 322 480, for example, a security document in the form of a

Record carrier known as it is used in particular in credit or ID cards. The recording medium has an upper layer which has on its outer side a plurality of lenticular lenses and on the back a display element which appears to be movable about at least one axis when the recording medium is tilted. The lenticular lenses extend over only a portion of said outside. The presentation element is a security element printed on an inner card layer.

Such appearing display elements are known from the prior art in the form of tilting images or as so-called CLI and MLI security features in which a document body in focus areas of the lenticular lenses is marked by lenticular lenses with the aid of laser radiation. It is possible for different directions of irradiation different information in the

Mark document body. Under different viewing directions, which correspond to the exposure directions or Einstrahlrichtungen, the

different, formed on the mark information is then optically detected. The acquired images are referred to as Changeable Laser Images (CLI) because the captured information imprinted with the laser changes depending on the viewing direction. The markers introduced here are also referred to as CLI markings. MLI stands for Multiple Laser Image. The terms CLI and MLI are also used for security features where the lens elements are not cylindrically symmetric.

In one class of security documents, a composite body formed of multiple substrate layers with more sides, which often occurs

Paper base are made, assembled into a book or book. An example of this are passport books with a passport formed as a composite body. The plastic materials used to form the composite usually have no sufficient elasticity and bending or bending capabilities to be able to be integrated directly into a passport book like paper pages.

From the prior art, a variety of methods are known to form a composite body with a lashing strip, which has the necessary flexibility in terms of bending and / or buckling and can be integrated into a passport book with the other pages.

From EP 502 765 A1, for example, a booklet with a personalized

Datasheet known. The booklet has several sheets between an envelope and each sheet has a front and a back. At least one data page is provided which is firmly connected to the envelope. The data page has a flexible layer and this flexible layer protrudes with an area out of a data carrier. In this area, the data page is connected to the envelope and the remaining sheets. The flexible layer is connected in a planar manner with at least one further layer, for example, by welding or gluing and thus permanently connected without a mechanical connecting part.

From DE 103 42 946 A1 an insert sheet for a book-like

Identification document, an identification document and a method for producing a book-like identification document, wherein the insert sheet with a Seam in a hinge area along one side with the remaining book pages is connectable. The insert sheet consists of at least one layer of a thermoplastic elastomer and at least one further layer. The at least one further layer extends in the direction of the insert sheet plane substantially from the side opposite the seam to the hinge region and the at least one layer of the thermoplastic elastomer extends into the hinge region. The layers forming the insert sheet are laminated together. As a preferred thermoplastic elastomer thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) is proposed. High-temperature-stable plastics, for example polycarbonates (PC), are proposed for the at least one further layer. The personalization of the insert sheet, which is a composite of several layers, takes place in the high temperature stable plastics.

However, practical experience with such passbooks has shown that in the case of a thermoplastic elastomer insert sheet and at least one further layer of a high-temperature-stable plastic such as polycarbonate (PC) laminated therewith, the PC layer provided with the personalization is made of thermoplastic material Elastomer formed layer in a skillful choice of

Release temperature and tensile strength again. In some cases, the personalized PC layer can be almost undamaged by the thermoplastic

Solve elastomer formed layer. This is very disadvantageous with regard to the forgery-proof passport.

One reason why the at least one layer consisting of the thermoplastic elastomer and the at least one further layer can subsequently be separated again from one another is that the two materials have different melting temperatures. In a lamination process, therefore, it is often not possible to choose a temperature at which both materials melt at the interface and bond together to form a non-destructively releasable bond. A non-destructively releasable connection is understood in the following to mean a connection between two layers which is not resolvable without causing damage, in particular at the layer provided with the higher melting temperature. If, for example, polycarbonate (PC) is to be laminated to the thermoplastic elastomer thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), the polycarbonate (PC) does not melt if the temperature is too low. Becomes however, if too high a temperature is selected, there is a risk that the

thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) completely melts, which is detrimental to its dimensional stability. Therefore, laminates between thermoplastic elastomers in high temperature stable thermoplastics in normal lamination processes are not of sufficient quality to ensure a non-destructively releasable bond in any case, as practice has shown.

In general, therefore, the problem arises for a person skilled in the art of security documents to further develop them in such a way that manipulation and / or falsification of the security documents is made more difficult and novel, hard-to-copy security features are created.

Basic idea of the invention

The invention is based on the idea of creating novel security documents which use a textile as part of a composite body. An heightened

Safety is achieved by the fact that the textile is so chosen and in one

Composite body of the security document is arranged so that the textile is superimposed with a visually detectable representation of the security document or overlay and cooperates with that through the top of the

Compound image can be detected, the contents of which depend on a detection direction relative to the top of the composite body. Thus, it is provided in the correlation between at least a portion of a textile disposed between substrate layers in the composite body and the optically detectable representation.

definitions

As optically or graphically detectable a representation is designated, of which an image can be detected with an imaging method and by means of a

Image analysis of this illustration the representation is extractable. This means that a pictorial representation, ie graphical representation, of information is referred to as an optically detectable representation, from which an optically executed image can be detected, for example with a camera or with the eye, and from the image the information shown can be extracted. An optically detectable Representation can be formed for example by printing on a substrate. Likewise, the optically detectable representation can also be stored in a hologram, and becomes perceptible and detectable only during the reconstruction of the hologram. Also, a graphical representation of information printed by means of luminescent colors may not be visible under illumination with light in the visible wavelength range, but optically detectable and perceptible under illumination with UV light and thus represents an optically detectable representation. Representations of alphanumeric Characters as well as line and / or product codes, grids, for example consisting of intersecting lines, or graphical symbols, which each differ from a background on which they are shown, are some examples of graphically detectable representations Lettering on a black background in the sense of this definition does not represent a graphically detectable representation or optically detectable representation, since the caption can not be derived or extracted from a captured image of the representation region of the writing. Is a monochrome lettering in front of a differently colored

Formed background, so there is a graphically detectable representation, if at least a part of this monochrome lettering stands out from the background in a captured image and thus is recognizable. This recognizable part of the

Lettering represents a graphically recordable representation.

As a graphic representation, every pictorial representation is understood. This also includes characters, symbols, pictograms, graphs, images, but also line patterns, such as guilloches, or intersecting lines, etc., to enumerate a few examples. This list is only exemplary and not exhaustive.

Preferred embodiments

In particular, a security document is created which has a surface

extended composite body with one top and one opposite

Bottom side, which is composed of at least two substrate layers, and comprises a formed from filaments textile, of which at least a planar portion between the at least two substrate layers is arranged, wherein at least one optically detectable representation is arranged in the security document, which at least part of the between the at least two substrate layers arranged portion of the textile is covered or überdeckbar, wherein the textile and the at least one optically detectable representation are formed so that a detected by the top of the composite body mapping of the superposition of at least a portion of the portion of the textile over the at least one optically detectable representation is dependent on a detection direction relative to the top of the composite body.

It is thus a detection direction-dependent optically detectable

Security feature created. Here are basically different

Embodiments conceivable.

In one embodiment of the invention it is provided that the at least one optically detectable representation comprises a graphic grid and the textile so

is formed so that its threads are arranged in a textile grid, wherein the textile grid and the graphic grid with respect to a grid spacing

differ. In such a trained embodiment results due to the difference of the grid, on the one hand of the graphical grid and on the other hand, the textile grid, a so-called moire effect. Dependent on the viewing direction results in the captured image a grid whose grid width or spacing is greater than the grid spacing of both the textile grid and the graphical grid.

Preferably, the textile is formed as a fabric. Here, the textile is woven so that the threads preferably provide rectangular or square grid basic elements. It can also be formed diamond-like grid basic elements.

Overall, an advantage of using a textile, in particular a fabric, is that in a lamination process, those formed in the fabric

Openings through a connection between the adjacent to the textile

Substrate layers can be formed. It is thus possible to choose the threads of the textile from a material which has a higher temperature resistance than the materials which are directly adjacent to the textile in the composite body and are preferably welded or laminated together.

In some embodiments, the threads of the fabric, especially a fabric, are for a wavelength range of the optical spectrum, preferably for the entire Wavelength range of the optical spectrum, which is perceptible by a human observer, formed opaque. In such a case, the grid of the textile is usually visible optically without or in addition to the moire effect, which is perceptible by the overlay with the graphic grid of the at least one optically detectable representation.

In another embodiment, the threads of the textile are transparent to at least a wavelength range of the optical spectrum that is detectable by a human observer, preferably for the entire wavelength range that a human observer can detect. In such a case, the viewer does not usually perceive the textile grid as a stand-alone grid or pattern of the composite or security document. For the viewer is therefore not immediately obvious how the viewing direction dependent or

Detection direction-dependent optical effect in the security document arises.

In addition, embodiments are also possible in which, for example, the warp threads of the fabric formed as a fabric are opaque and the

Weft threads transparent or vice versa. As a result, different optical effects, which show a detection direction dependence, in

Achieve interaction with the at least one optically detectable representation and / or a further optically detectable representation.

In one embodiment, the textile is provided with a tab portion over edges of the at least two substrate layers of the composite body, between which the textile is arranged with the one section, and the tab portion is combined with other book pages to form a book. Preferably, such a book-trained security document is a passport or the like. One advantage is that a high buckling and bending resistance of a textile can be used to incorporate a composite into such a book-formed security document. In addition, over the combination of the formed in the composite body portion of the textile in overlay with the at least one optically detectable representation in addition to a hedge

Realized counterfeiting, which leads to increased security against counterfeiting and imitation. Textiles have proven to be particularly suitable, which are made of plastic threads. In particular, textiles are based on polyester threads. In general, the threads of a polyester material have a higher

Temperature resistance on most used in the security document area plastic substrates, which are assembled in lamination process.

Particular preference is given to those assembled to the composite body

Substrate layers Polycarbonate-based (PC) layers and films, but also other thermoplastics such as ABS, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethersulfone (PES), polyetherketone (PEEK), polyphenylene oxide (PPO),

Polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyoxymethylene (POM), polysulfone (PSU), polyetherimide (PEI) or polyamide (PA).

Even though the material of the textile has a softening temperature deviating from the adjacent substrate layers, a very good bonding of the different constituents of the composite body is nevertheless possible in a lamination process, since a connection can be formed between the adjacent substrate layers through the free spaces formed in the textile. Often even a lower temperature and / or a lower pressure at a

Lamination can be selected to form a stable tamper-resistant composite body, as is otherwise necessary in integrating a Lasch enabschnitts or other portion of a plastic component in a composite body.

However, embodiments are also useful in which the textile does not protrude beyond edges of the remaining substrate layers joined to the composite body. The textile can be integrated into the composite body so that it is arranged over the entire area between the upper side and the lower side of the composite body.

In one embodiment, it is provided that circumferentially around the textile in the plane in which the textile extends flat, in the composite body, a textile-free edge exists. This significantly reduces the risk of delamination attacks. During production, for example, a textile section is arranged on a substrate layer around which a peripheral edge of the substrate layer remains uncovered. At least one further substrate layer is then arranged on this substrate layer and a composite body is produced, for example by means of a lamination process.

However, it is also possible the textile in the form of a strip in the composite

which extends along one direction over a total extent of the

Compound body extends.

Other embodiments may have a full-surface, but not over the edges of the composite protruding education of the textile.

In one embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the at least one optically detectable representation is arranged in the composite body itself and at least part of the optically detectable grid of the at least one optically detectable representation of the at least a portion of the disposed between the at least two substrate layers portion of the textile is covered. In the case of a security document designed in this way, the optically detectable representation against counterfeiting is likewise particularly well protected, since it is in the composite body

is trained. In other embodiments, it may be provided that the at least one optically detectable representation is formed on another component of the security document. Especially with a passport

trained security document can thus be carried out on the inserted into the composite textile in cooperation with an educated on a passbook page optically detectable representation of a review of the security feature, which is formed by the interaction of at least one optically detectable representation and the textile.

In such a case, but also in other embodiments, it may be advantageous that the composite body comprises a preferably opaque substrate layer having a recess in which the portion of the textile is arranged, which is arranged between the at least two substrate layers. As a result, for example, a see-through window can be created in the composite body. In addition, the insertion of the textile into a recess is one between the at least two

Substrate layers arranged further substrate layer advantageous because due to the additional textile material a composite strength increase is avoided. Thus, one obtains a smooth upper side of the composite body as well as a smooth underside of the composite body in each area in which the textile is arranged between the at least two substrate layers. It should be noted that too

Composite bodies can be created in which the textile does not protrude beyond an edge of the at least two substrate layers, between which the textile is arranged. There are thus also card-shaped security documents useful with a textile equipable, no tab section for incorporation into a book-like

Have security document.

Particularly different images with only minor changes in the

Detection direction relative to the top is obtained in embodiments in which the at least one optically detectable representation perpendicular to the planar extension of the arranged between the at least two substrate layers portion of the textile is spaced therefrom. An increased distance in this case leads to a stronger directional dependence of the detected Moire pattern in the superimposition of the textile grid and the graphic grid. Preferably, a transparent substrate layer is thus arranged between the textile and that substrate layer on or in which the at least one optically detectable representation is arranged or formed.

The optically detectable representation can be formed, for example, in the form of a grid comprising fine lines. In one embodiment, the at least one optically detectable representation by means of a printing process on a

Substrate layer surface, which is preferably arranged after a lamination step in the interior of the composite formed. However, it is also possible to arrange the at least one optically detectable representation on a passbook page and here preferably also by means of a printing process.

In an alternative embodiment, the at least one optically detectable

Representation formed in the form of a hologram. In this also preferably a grid is stored, which contributes to a detection through the section of the textile through to a moire effect. The hologram is

preferably around a reflection hologram, so that an irradiation of

Reconstruction light can be made over the top of the composite, over which also a detection of the image is made. In other embodiments, it may also be a

Transmission hologram act in which an exposure to the reconstruction by a bottom of the composite body. An advantage of the formation of the at least one optically detectable representation in the form of a hologram is that, on the one hand, very fine rasters can be realized and, on the other hand, imitation of such a raster by counterfeiters is considerably more difficult than the formation of printed rasters.

In a further embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the optically detectable representation is structured in a contiguous display area by means of graphical structural elements, wherein by means of the structural elements information is encoded and the optically detectable grid is not the entire area in the contiguous display area, but only in one Representation area of a structural element or in the display area of several of the structural elements is formed. The structural elements in one embodiment may include, for example, alphanumeric characters, pictograms, or even a silhouette or a silhouette of a profile of a facial image or the like. The moiré effect is then visible only in the area of the graphic structural elements, the information of which is then still undisturbed and can still be detected, but is modified with regard to a graphic or pictorial appearance by the detection direction-dependent effect.

However, a use of a grid is not the only possible embodiment of the optically detectable representation to effect a detection direction-dependent effect, which is achievable in the interaction between the textile and the at least one optically detectable representation. In one embodiment, it is provided that at least a part of the threads of the textile, in particular of a fabric, be transparent and with regard to the thread cross-sections such that the threads act to focus light in the visible wavelength range, if they are between

Plastic materials are introduced, which have a different refractive index of the refractive index of the thread material.

In one embodiment it is therefore provided that the threads of the fabric consist of a transparent plastic material which has a refractive index which is of the refractive index of a directly adjacent to the textile Substrate layer or differs from the refractive indices of the two immediately adjacent to the textile substrate layers and the threads have a cross-sectional shape, so that focus light at least one wavelength when passing through and the at least one optically detectable representation or another optically detectable representation for at least one of the detection directions in

Focal regions of the threads include CLI markings for a first CLI mark. In order to provide such a CLI feature whose lens elements are formed by means of the threads of the textile, additives may be added to one of the substrate layers which promote absorption of laser light of a wavelength used for imprinting the CLI marks. These additives are usually designed so that they do not affect a transparency of the substrate in the unexposed state or not appreciably perceptible. An imprinting of the CLI markings then takes place in the composite body, preferably by means of laser light, the intensity of which is chosen so that a significant light absorption, which lead to an optically detectable change in the composite body, take place only in the region of the focal points or focal lines of the threads.

In a further development of the invention, it is provided that the at least one optically detectable representation or the further optically detectable representation comprises further CLI markings which can be detected from a detection direction deviating from one detection direction or from a plurality of detection directions deviating from one detection direction and which one or more further CLI information coded by means of the further CLI markings, which deviate from the one CLI information, are encoded.

So it is possible to have both a graphic grid and CLI markers in

Use combination in conjunction with a textile in a security document. In this case, the CLI markings between the textile and the graphic grid are particularly preferably arranged in the composite body.

A particular advantage of using a textile for forming lens elements in a composite body in which the textile is disposed between the substrate layers is also that unstructured smooth lamination sheets can be used in lamination. These are much cheaper and cheaper

more resistant to wear than structured lamination sheets known in the art frequently used to form lenticular lenses in a surface of the composite body. Even compared to embodiments in which the lens elements on the surface of a composite body not during lamination, but only subsequently, for example by means of an embossing die, are introduced, the production and design proposed here has significant advantages. It saves a procedural step. It is also not necessary to provide and maintain or re-create an embossing stamp which is subject to considerable wear.

Another advantage of forming lens elements by means of threads of a textile is that the lens elements are arranged in the interior of the composite body and are thus very well protected against damage and manipulation.

Particularly preferably, the textile is inserted into a recess of a further substrate layer whose material thickness is adapted to a material thickness of the textile. When laminating so easily a composite body with plane-parallel flat and smooth surfaces at the top and bottom are created.

Another advantage is provided by the smooth top and bottom of the composite, as further layers (e.g., hologram layers or conformal lacquers) are applied to the composite

Composite body can be applied. These layers do not affect the security feature of the invention. In the case of security documents from the prior art with security features which have a tilting, moire, motion or 3D effect, a hologram or protective lacquer can be applied to this surface, since the lens structure would be impaired in the process. This disadvantage is eliminated in the embodiments proposed here.

A flat, smooth surface of the composite body can usually be achieved even if the textile is not introduced into a recess of a substrate layer. Often, however, higher temperatures and / or pressures are needed to form such a smooth surface, particularly in textiles having a high thickness. Preferably, therefore, in such an embodiment, a small layer thickness of the textile is selected, preferably 10 μηι to 150 μηι, more preferably 60 μηι to 130 μηι.

A substrate layer into which the textile is introduced may be transparent or translucent. In many cases, however, the substrate layer becomes opaque be formed so that a see through window, at least through the opaque

Substrate layer, created at the point of the textile.

Particularly preferably, the composite body is formed so that below a continuous from the top of the composite body contiguous area, which coincides with the at least part of the portion of the textile between the at least two substrate layers covering the at least one optically detectable representation or with the an optically detectable representation can be covered, consists of base material that is transparent in the volume, or consists of base material that is transparent in the volume, at least between the top side and the optically detectable representation. This will ensure that the

Interaction of the optically detectable representation and the textile in the optically captured images is detectable. Under volume transparent base material is understood as such material, through which an optical imaging in accordance with the laws of geometric optics is possible. The material can have a color and thus absorb light of individual wavelengths in the visible range and transmit only light of specific wavelengths. As transparent in the volume, a material is considered in which individual markings, for example CLI markings in the form of blackening, are formed. Likewise, individual printed layers may be formed in the material, which, however, may not be formed in a coherent, continuous manner in such a way that they make a geometric imaging through the printed layer completely impossible.

It should be emphasized that a textile for forming a security feature, even without performing a function as a hinge or tab element, can be used in a composite body.

It is also possible to use in a composite body two or more separately formed textiles to form two or more security features or security elements, which may be configured similar or different.

Thus, textiles with different thread sizes and / or made of different materials can be used to lenses with different focal lengths produce. Such an effect can also be achieved if different threads are processed together in a textile.

If a textile is used as part of a CLI feature, one obtains a very high security against delamination, since a re-insertion or combination of a textile is almost impossible in accordance with CLI information that is already stored in a layer of the composite.

If the textile is not a woven fabric but, for example, a nonwoven fabric, storage of CLI markings is quasi random due to the "disordering" of the fibers in the nonwoven fabric and is not reproducible, but the information encoded by the CLI markings may be due to the nonwoven fabric is integrated into the composite body as a textile, be read out again.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to a drawing. Hereby show:

Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a trained as a passport book

Security document according to a first embodiment;

Fig. 2 is designed as a passport security document according to a

another embodiment;

Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of a trained as identification card

Security document;

Fig. 4 is a schematic plan view of a composite body for a

Security document;

Fig. 5 is a schematic plan view of a section of a

Passport book security document;

6 shows a schematic view of a security document for explaining a moiré effect; 7 shows an optically detected image of a moiré pattern; and

Fig. 8 is a schematic representation of graphical structural elements.

In Fig. 1 is schematically a security document 1 in the form of a passbook 2 schematically illustrates. The passbook 2 comprises a composite body 3, which is joined together with passbook pages 5, 7, 9 and a passport cover 1 1 to the passport book 2. The assembly is carried out via a binding 19, which is indicated schematically here. Here, any known in the art and training method for assembling a passbook can be used. In particular, a thread binding using a metal wire or the like may be used.

The passport cover 1 1 comprises an upper passport cover 13 and a lower passport cover 15, which are connected to each other via a passport spine 17 and are preferably formed in one piece. In the illustrated embodiment, the upper passport cover 13 is opened.

The composite body 3 is in the illustrated embodiment of an upper

Substrate layer 35, a lower substrate layer 37 and a middle substrate layer 39 and a textile 41 formed, wherein the middle substrate layer 39 and a

Section 43 of the fabric 41 between the upper substrate layer 35 and the lower substrate layer 37 are arranged. The upper substrate layer 35, the middle

Substrate layer 39 and lower substrate layer 37 and portion 43 of textile 41 disposed between upper substrate layer 35 and lower substrate layer 37 are bonded to composite body 3 in a lamination process.

Here, cohesive and at the same time form-fitting connections between the upper substrate layer 35 and the lower substrate layer 37 are formed through the textile 41. Over edges 135 of the upper substrate layer 35 and 137 of the lower substrate layer 37 protrudes a tab portion 49 of the fabric 41 out. This load section 49 is connected to the passport pages 5, 7, 9 and the passport cover 1 1 via the binding 19 to the passport book 2.

The textile 41 is preferably formed as a fabric. Alternatively, however, the textile may also be a knit, provided that this forms a regular textile grid 47 analogous to that which form the threads 45. The threads 45 may be both opaque and opaque to light in the visible wavelength range. Preferably, the textile grid 47 is a regular grid in which by warp threads 45-1 and weft threads (not shown) square or rectangular grid units are formed.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, an optically detectable representation 61 in the form of a graphic grid 63 is printed on the passbook page 5. The arrangement of the graphic grid 63 is selected relative to the section 43 of the textile 41 such that the textile grid 47 overlays the graphic grid 63 in a planar manner. In this case, an overlap with respect to a viewing perpendicular to the upper side 31 of the composite body 3 is considered as a planar overlay. This means that whenever one

Overlapping a projection of a portion of the section 43 of the textile 41 along a detection direction on the at least one optically detectable representation 61 leads to a planar overlap region, such an overlay exists. The graphic grid 63 is formed, for example, in the form of lines which extend perpendicular to the plane of the drawing. Corresponding to this parallel, for example, the illustrated warp threads 45-1 of the textile 41 are oriented in the section 43. The textile grid 47 has a grid spacing 48 between the warp threads 45-1, which is slightly different from a grid spacing 68 of the graphic grid 63. This results in detection of an image 150 along a detection direction 171 through the top 31 of the composite through in the captured image 150 moire pattern 151, which is a grid with a much larger grid spacing 158 than the grid spacing 48 of the textile grid 47 and a grid spacing 68 of the graphical grid 63 is.

If the detection direction 171 is slightly varied, the moire pattern 151 of FIG. 150 also changes. This ensures that the textile 41 is integrated into the composite body 3.

In addition to the lines which are oriented perpendicular to the plane of the drawing, in one embodiment the grid 63 may also have equally spaced further lines formed on the passport page 5 and oriented transversely, preferably perpendicularly, to the lines perpendicular to the plane of the drawing , A grid spacing of the further lines can correspond to the grid spacing 68 of the lines running perpendicular to the plane of the drawing. In other embodiments, the pitch of the further lines deviates from the pitch 68 of the vertical to the drawing plane extending lines. However, in one embodiment, the grid 63 may consist only of a group of parallel lines that are equally spaced, as shown in FIG.

In the illustrated embodiment, another optically detectable representation 71 is formed in the form of CLI markings 73, which are shown schematically in the form of letters "A". Under an excellent detection direction 173, the CLI markings are formed into an optically detectable image of the letter A through the threads 45 of the textile 41. This results in addition to a CLI feature, so another viewing direction-dependent or by a

Detection direction 173 dependent security feature in which information, here schematically represented as "A", can be coded.

FIG. 2 shows a further embodiment similar to that of FIG. 1. Same technical features are in all figures with the same reference numerals

characterized. The embodiment of FIG. 2 differs from that of FIG. 1 in that in this embodiment the graphic grid 63 of the at least one optically detectable representation 61 on a material layer in the interior of the

Composite body 3 is formed, which corresponds to substrate layer boundaries of the lower substrate layer 39 and an additional substrate layer 38. The additional substrate layer 38 is connected to the upper substrate layer 35 of the lower

Substrate layer 37 and the middle substrate layer 39 together with the portion 43 of the textile 41 preferably joined together in a lamination process. The at least one optically detectable representation 61 is preferably printed in the form of a graphic grid 63 on one of the substrate layer surfaces. This can for example be done during a printing process, with the other

Security features are printed on one of the substrate layer surfaces. These other security features are not shown here for the sake of simplicity and are of course formed in the composite body 3 or in the passport pages 5, 7, 9.

In Fig. 3, another embodiment of a security document 1 is shown, which is in the form of a plastic card formed as a composite body 3. In this embodiment, no portion of the fabric 41 projects beyond the edges 135, 137 of the top and bottom substrate layers to form a tab portion. The middle Substrate layer 39 is opaque in this embodiment. In a

Recess 40 of the middle substrate layer 39, the textile 41 is arranged. The threads 45 again form a textile grid 47. In this embodiment, again a first optically detectable representation 61 is formed in the form of a graphic grid 63, which is formed by any marking method, for example a printing method, in which one of the substrate layers is prior to assembly

is printed. Preferably, a substrate layer surface is printed, which forms a material layer in the interior of the composite body 3.

In order to be able to form the CLI effect with the threads 45 of the fabric 41, the material threads have a higher refractive index than the material of the adjacent substrate layers 35, 37. In the illustrated embodiment, multiple CLI markers 73, 75 are different CLI information "A", "B" shown schematically. The CLI markings 73, 75 are in each case for a detection direction 173, 174 in a focal line of one of the threads 45 of the textile 41. Under the detection direction 173, the CLI information A is detectable, under the detection direction 174, the CLI information B. In a central plan view along the detection direction 171, however, only a moiré pattern 151 is detected, which by the superposition of the textile grid 47 on the graphical grid 63 is created. Upon variation of the detection direction 171, the detected image 150 and hereby the moiré pattern 151 changes.

FIG. 4 shows a further embodiment, in which, unlike in FIG. 3, the first optically detectable representation 61 is designed in the form of a hologram 80, in which an optically detectable grid is reproduced during a reconstruction of the hologram. This forms in the superposition with the textile grid 47 again a moire effect in a captured image 150, wherein this is dependent on the detection direction 171. What is essential here is that the directional dependence is not due to a directional dependence of the hologram 80, but is due to a change in the parallax between the textile grid 47 and the graphic grid 63 of the hologram 80 reproduced during the reconstruction. This is so

configured to reproduce a virtually unchanged graphic grid 63 over a certain angular range. This grid consists for example of groups of lines that intersect at right angles or at another angle other than 90 °, the lines of a group each having a constant distance to the adjacent line of their group, and thus, for example, diamond-shaped, form rectangular or square grid basic elements. If a grid has three groups of lines, triangular grid primitives can also appear. The grid may also consist of a group of equally spaced parallel lines. A grid can also be formed from regularly arranged similar geometric shapes, such as circles, dots, etc. Such a grid can be generated, for example, in which the geometric figures are arranged at points of intersection of an assigned (but not graphically represented) grid formed by lines.

In Fig. 5 is a schematic plan view of a composite body 3 for insertion into a passport document is shown. To recognize the textile grid 47 of the textile 41, which is indicated by solid lines. The graphic grid 63 is indicated by dashed lines.

Over edges 135, 137 of the stacked upper substrate layer 35 and lower substrate layer 37, which coincide in the plan view, projects

Tab section 49 of the textile out. In a section 35 of the textile 41, this is arranged between the upper substrate layer 35 and the lower substrate layer 37. The section 43 of the textile overlies a graphic grid 63, which is formed for example in the lower substrate layer 37 and is indicated by dashed lines. Upon detection of an image, a moiré pattern is formed, which is not recognizable here, since the grid spacings 68 of the graphic grid and 48 of the textile grid 47 are chosen to be very large and too different from each other for clarity. It is essential for the formation of a moiré pattern that the grid spacings 48 of the textile grid 47 and 68 of the graphic grid 63 are not identical but slightly different. It should be noted at this point that the orientation of the raster lines, i. the threads and the printed lines of the graphic grid, for example, need not be oriented parallel to one another. Even a slight twisting leads to a moire effect, which, however, differs from the moiré effect that results in parallel orientation.

FIG. 6 schematically illustrates the resulting moiré effect. Shown is a schematic plan view of a security document on which the entire surface of a graphic grid of alternating green and yellow lines is formed. A lower half of the security document 1 is superimposed by a textile which has transparent threads. Good to see is a Moire pattern with a Grid spacing 158, which is much larger than a grid spacing 68 of the graphical grid 63. The slight curvature of the lines appearing in the Moire pattern is due to slight deviations of the linear course of the textile threads.

By way of example, manipulations of security documents can be detected. In particular, in a new lamination example of a

Lasch enabschnitts occur such variations that affect the Moire pattern.

With differently colored lines, a moiré effect also manifests itself in one

Color change of the pattern when changing the detection direction.

FIG. 7 shows a further exemplary illustration of a resulting moiré pattern, which results, for example, in a rotation of an otherwise rectangular textile grid in relation to a graphic grid of vertically extending fine lines.

In FIG. 8, structural elements in the form of alphanumeric characters are shown by way of example, whose representation areas 201-203 are formed in the form of a fine-line-like graphic grid 63. When superimposed with a textile grid results in a detection direction-dependent iridescent Moire effect in the field of

Structural elements 201-203. In addition, however, these are easily recognizable in the light of the background in which no moiré pattern shows, so that information coded by means of the structural elements can be detected.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that only exemplary embodiments of the security document are shown.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 security document

2 passport book

3 composite body

5, 7, 9 passbook pages

1 1 passport cover

13 upper passbook cover

15 lower passport cover

17 Passbook backs

19 binding

31 top (of the composite)

33 bottom (of the composite)

35 upper substrate layer

37 lower substrate layer

38 additional substrate layer

39 middle substrate layer

41 textile

43 section

45 threads

45-1 warp threads

45-2 weft threads

47 textile grid

48 grid spacing

49 tab section

61 optically detectable representation

63 graphic grid

65 hologram

68 grid spacing

71 further optically detectable representation

73 CLI marks

75 more CLI markers

80 hologram

101 recurring pattern

102 red lines 103 yellow lines

135 edge (the upper substrate layer)

137 edge (the lower substrate layer)

150 illustration

151 Moire pattern

158 grid spacing

171 Detection direction

173 excellent detection direction

174 Detection direction

201 -203 structural elements

Claims

Patent claims

1 . Security document (1) comprehensive

a flat composite body (3) with an upper side (31) and an opposite underside (33),

which is composed of at least two substrate layers (35, 37), and a textile (41) formed from threads (45), of which at least one flat section (43) is arranged between the at least two substrate layers (35, 37),

characterized in that

at least one optically detectable representation (61) in the security document

(1) is arranged,

which of at least part of the between the at least two

Substrate layers (35, 37) arranged section (43) of the textile (41) is covered or can be covered, wherein the textile (41) and the at least one optically detectable representation (61) are designed so that one through the top (31) of the composite body (3) optically captured image (150) of the superimposition of the at least part of the section (43) of the textile (41) over the at least one optically captured image (61) from a detection direction relative to the top (31) of the composite body ( 3) is dependent.

2. Security document (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the

at least one optically detectable representation (61) comprises a graphic grid (63) and the textile (41) is designed such that its threads (45) are arranged in a textile grid (47), the textile grid (47) and the graphic grid (63) differ in terms of their grid spacing (48, 68).

3. Security document (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the textile (41) with a tab section (49) over edges (135, 137) of the at least two substrate layers (35, 37) of the composite body (3), between which the textile (41) is arranged with one section (43), protrudes and the tab section (49) with further passport book pages (5 to 9) to form a passport book

(2) is assembled.

4. Security document (1) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the optically detectable representation (61) is arranged in the composite body (3) and at least part of the graphic grid of the at least one optically detectable representation (61) of the at least a part of the section (43) of the textile (41) arranged between the at least two substrate layers (35, 37) is covered.

5 security document (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized

characterized in that the textile (41) and the optically detectable representation (61) are perpendicular to the surface extent of the between the at least two

Substrate layers (35, 37) arranged section (43) of the textile (41) are spaced apart.

6. Security document (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized

characterized in that the composite body (3) is preferably opaque

Substrate layer comprises, which has a recess in which the section (43) of the textile (41) is arranged, which is between the at least two

Substrate layers (35, 37) is arranged.

7. Security document (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized

characterized in that the threads (45) of the textile (41) consist of a transparent plastic material which has a refractive index which is different from the refractive index of a material directly adjacent to the textile (41).

Substrate layer or from the refractive indices of the two substrate layers (35, 37) directly adjacent to the textile (41), and the threads (45) have a cross-sectional shape so that they focus light of at least one wavelength as it passes through, and the at least one optically detectable representation (61) or a further optically detectable representation (61) for at least one of the detection directions (173) in focus areas of the threads comprises CLI markings (73) for first CLI information.

8. Security document (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized

characterized in that the composite body (3) is located below an area which extends flat on the top side (31) of the composite body (3) and which is connected to the at least part of the section (43) of the textile (41) between the at least two Substrate layers (35, 37) coincide, which covers the at least one optically detectable representation (61) or with which the one optically detectable representation (61) can be covered, consists of base material that is transparent in volume or at least between the top (31) and the optically detectable representation (61) consists of base material that is transparent in volume.

9. Security document (1) according to one of claims 7 or 8, characterized

characterized in that the at least one optically detectable representation (61) or a further optically detectable representation (71) comprises further CLI markings (75) which can be detected from one or more detection directions (174) that deviate from the one detection direction (173) and with which one or more CLI information or CLI information that deviates from the CLI information encoded using the one CLI marking (73) is or are encoded.

10. Security document (1) according to one of claims 2 to 9, characterized

characterized in that the optically detectable representation (61) in one

Contiguous display area is structured flat by means of graphic structural elements (201 -203), information being encoded by means of the structural elements (201 -203) and the optically detectable grid not over the entire surface of the contiguous display area, but only in one

Representation area of a structural element (201) or representation areas of several of the structural elements (201 -203) is formed.