WO2014176875A1 - 无线电能传输方法及系统 - Google Patents
无线电能传输方法及系统 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014176875A1 WO2014176875A1 PCT/CN2013/085483 CN2013085483W WO2014176875A1 WO 2014176875 A1 WO2014176875 A1 WO 2014176875A1 CN 2013085483 W CN2013085483 W CN 2013085483W WO 2014176875 A1 WO2014176875 A1 WO 2014176875A1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/80—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
- H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/70—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the reduction of electric, magnetic or electromagnetic leakage fields
Definitions
- Radio energy transmission method and system This patent application is filed on April 28, 2013, and the application number is 201310157085.X.
- the applicant is Haier Group Technology R&D Center and Haier Group Company.
- the invention name is "Radio Energy Transmission Method and System”. Priority of the Chinese Patent Application, the entire contents of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
- Radio energy transmission technology 3 inductively coupled power transmission technology is a kind of electromagnetic
- the transmitting end is mainly used for the transformation and transmission
- the receiving end is mainly for the pickup and voltage regulation of the energy, for power supply.
- the transmitting end of the existing radio energy transmission system mostly adopts a smooth DC inverter to convert into a high-frequency alternating current and is converted into a high-frequency electromagnetic field by a transmitting coil, in order to suppress harmonics and improve emission.
- the power factor of the terminal, the radio energy transmitter needs to be added to a PFC (Power Factor Correction) circuit, such as a passive PFC or an active PFC line.
- PFC Power Factor Correction
- the radio energy receiving end rectifies and receives the high-frequency alternating current into a direct current, and then converts the direct current into an alternating current of a commercial frequency through the inverter circuit (for example,
- the receiving end of the radio energy is added to the inverter circuit, the number of components is doubled for the receiving end of the high-power radio energy transmission, resulting in a decrease in efficiency, a large power loss, and an inevitable increase in the heat sink.
- the volume of the receiving end is large, and it is not easy to make the product small and light, and the cost is high, which is inconvenient to be applied to small household appliances having a limited volume, and thus it is difficult to realize productization.
- the invention provides a radio energy transmission method and system, which realizes the thin and light design of the circuit module of the radio energy transmitting end and the receiving end, reduces the cost, and solves the problem in the small household electrical appliance product to which the radio energy transmission technology is applied.
- a method of transmitting radio energy comprising:
- the radio energy transmitting end rectifies the input commercial power into a sinusoidal unidirectional pulse voltage of a city electrician frequency (for example, 50 Hz or 60 Hz), and inverts the sinusoidal unidirectional pulse voltage by a high frequency inverter circuit to obtain an inclusion body.
- a high frequency carrier signal of the sinusoidal one-way pulse voltage for controlling the transmitting coil to generate electromagnetic waves according to the high frequency carrier signal;
- the radio energy receiving end picks up the electromagnetic wave to obtain the high frequency carrier signal, and filters the high frequency carrier signal to obtain a sinusoidal unidirectional pulse voltage of a city electric frequency frequency doubled, and supplies the sinusoidal one-way pulse voltage to Load, powering the load.
- the high frequency inverter circuit inverts the sinusoidal unidirectional pulse voltage to obtain a high frequency carrier signal including the sinusoidal unidirectional pulse voltage, so as to control the transmitting coil to generate electromagnetic waves according to the high frequency carrier signal.
- the method includes: compensating the high frequency carrier signal by using a # compensation circuit preset in the transmitting end, to control the transmitting coil to generate an electromagnetic wave according to the compensated high frequency carrier signal;
- the switching frequency of the high frequency inverter circuit is identical to the frequency of the resonant network formed by the compensation circuit and the transmitting coil.
- the radio energy receiving end picking up the electromagnetic wave to obtain the high frequency carrier signal further includes: compensating a power factor of the receiving end to adjust a useful working power received by the receiving end, and then converting the compensated power The high frequency carrier signal is obtained.
- the supplying the sinusoidal unidirectional pulse voltage to the load, after supplying power to the load further includes:
- the transmitting end adjusts its working state according to the voltage, current of the load and the protection signal in the abnormal state
- the analog signals protected in the abnormal state include: overcurrent, overvoltage, or overtemperature.
- a radio energy transmission system comprising a transmitting end and a receiving end, an electromagnetic wave generated by the transmitting end, connected to the first rectifying high-frequency filtering circuit, for rectifying the input mains to a sinusoidal unidirectional pulse voltage of the city electric frequency frequency doubled ,
- a high frequency inverter circuit coupled to the first rectified high frequency filter circuit and the control circuit, configured to invert the sinusoidal unidirectional pulse voltage according to a control signal of the control circuit to obtain the sinusoidal unidirectional pulse voltage a high frequency carrier signal for controlling electromagnetic waves generated by the transmitting coil according to the high frequency carrier signal;
- the receiving end comprises: a second rectifying high-frequency filtering circuit, configured to filter a high-frequency carrier signal including the sinusoidal unidirectional pulse voltage obtained by electromagnetic wave conversion, and obtain a sinusoidal unidirectional pulse of a frequency doubled frequency of the city electrical frequency Voltage; supplying the sinusoidal unidirectional pulse voltage to a load to power the load.
- a second rectifying high-frequency filtering circuit configured to filter a high-frequency carrier signal including the sinusoidal unidirectional pulse voltage obtained by electromagnetic wave conversion, and obtain a sinusoidal unidirectional pulse of a frequency doubled frequency of the city electrical frequency Voltage; supplying the sinusoidal unidirectional pulse voltage to a load to power the load.
- the emitter further comprises:
- a compensation circuit connected to the high frequency inverter circuit, comprising a resonance capacitor, and the compensation circuit and the transmitting coil are connected to form a resonance network for compensating the high frequency carrier signal of the high frequency inverter circuit;
- a coil temperature collecting circuit and a coil current voltage signal collecting circuit are respectively connected to the control circuit for collecting temperature and current voltage signals of the transmitting coil and determining whether to send a corresponding protection signal to the control circuit;
- the control circuit is further configured to adjust a switching frequency of the high frequency inverter circuit in real time according to a voltage waveform of the generated transmitting coil, so that a switching frequency of the high frequency inverter circuit and a frequency of the resonant network,
- the receiving end also includes:
- a pick-up compensation circuit is connected to the pick-up coil and the second rectifying high-frequency filter circuit, and the pick-up compensation circuit and the compensating circuit at the transmitting end form a compensation topology, which is used for compensating the power factor of the receiving end, Adjusting the amount of useful work power received by the receiving end, and then obtaining the high frequency carrier signal according to the compensated power conversion;
- the pick-up compensation circuit includes a resonant capacitor.
- the receiving end further includes:
- a load information collecting circuit configured to collect load information in real time;
- the load information includes a current signal voltage signal of the load and an analog signal protected in an abnormal state;
- a voltage negative feedback, protection and AD conversion-switching circuit connected to the load information acquisition circuit, for converting an analog signal of the load information into a digital signal of the load information;
- a wireless signal transmitting circuit coupled to the voltage negative feedback, protection and AD conversion circuit, for modulating the digital signal of the load information into a wireless communication channel and transmitting the signal;
- the transmitting end further includes:
- the wireless signal receiving circuit is connected to the control circuit and configured to receive a load signal fed back by the receiving end.
- the control circuit is further configured to adjust an operating state of the transmitting end according to the load information received by the wireless signal receiving circuit.
- the emitter further comprises:
- An EMI circuit is coupled to the control circuit and the coil temperature collecting circuit, and includes a relay that directly controls the relay to disconnect the input of the electric energy when the coil temperature reaches the set point, and the input electric current enters through the EMI circuit
- the first rectified high frequency filter circuit further includes:
- the standby wake-up circuit is connected to the control circuit, and is configured to control the transmitting end to enter a standby state automatically or according to a user operation instruction when detecting that the load of the receiving end is removed.
- the embodiment of the invention optimizes the circuit design of the wireless energy transmission system, minimizes the volume of the circuit module at the transmitting end and the receiving end, realizes the thin and light design of the circuit module of the transmitting end and the receiving end, reduces the cost, and can ensure Small household electrical appliances can work stably and reliably, which is conducive to the industrialization of technology.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a transmitting end of a conventional radio energy transmission system.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a receiving end of a conventional radio energy transmission system.
- FIG. 3 is a flow chart of one embodiment of a method of wireless energy transmission of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a radio energy transmission system of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing another embodiment of a radio energy transmission system of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart of an embodiment of a method for transmitting radio energy of a small household appliance according to the present invention, including the following steps S 1 ⁇ 0 S 120:
- the radio energy transmitting end rectifies the input alternating current to a sinusoidal one-way pulse voltage of the city electric frequency frequency; and inverts the sinusoidal one-way pulse voltage through the high frequency inverter circuit of the transmitting end to obtain a high frequency carrier signal including the sinusoidal unidirectional pulse voltage; controlling the transmitting coil to generate a corresponding electromagnetic wave according to the high frequency carrier signal.
- the waveform of the sinusoidal unidirectional pulse voltage is similar to the mark of McDonald's, it is also called McDonald's wave.
- the transmitting end of the radio energy is connected to the mains, in order to reduce the pollution of the harmonics of the power transmission by the radio energy transmission product, it is necessary to increase the power factor of the transmitting end.
- the city electrician frequency exchange is completed After the flow filter is McDonald's wave, it is no longer necessary to filter the smooth current with a large-capacity low-frequency filter capacitor, so that the conduction angle of the two diodes in the bridge rectifier circuit at the transmitting end is close to that in each half cycle.
- the radio energy receiving end picks up the electromagnetic wave and converts the high frequency carrier signal including the sinusoidal unidirectional pulse voltage, and filters the high frequency carrier signal by using a rectifying and filtering circuit at the receiving end to obtain a city electrician frequency double frequency Sinusoidal unidirectional pulse voltage; supplying the sinusoidal unidirectional pulse voltage of the ⁇ electrical frequency 2 times to the load to supply power to the load
- the voltage waveform of the transmitting coil is a high-frequency carrier signal carrying the McDonald's wave voltage. Therefore, the voltage waveform on the pickup coil of the receiving end is also the high frequency carrier signal carrying the McDonald's wave voltage. After the rectifying and filtering circuit of the receiving end filters out the high frequency part thereof, a McDonald's wave with a power frequency of 2 times is obtained.
- the McDonald's wave at twice the frequency of the power frequency (for example, the frequency is 100 Hz or 120 Hz, the effective voltage value is 100V-240V, and the RMS value of the McDonald's wave can be adjusted by communication feedback as needed) to supply power to the load.
- a compensation circuit is disposed in the radio energy transmitting end, wherein each of the compensation circuit and the pickup compensation circuit includes a resonant capacitor.
- the compensation circuit and the transmitting coil of the transmitting end form a resonant network, and the transmitting end transmits the electrical energy to the receiving end, that is, the sinusoidal unidirectional pulse voltage is inverted by the high frequency inverter circuit of the transmitting end.
- the switching frequency of the circuit is such that the switching frequency of the high frequency inverter circuit at the transmitting end coincides with the frequency of the resonant network, so that the resonant network exhibits pure impedance characteristics for the power source input thereto.
- the switching frequency of the high frequency inverter circuit can be set in advance to a fixed frequency by using software (this frequency is a resonance frequency when the reflection impedance of the receiving end is not considered), and when the transmitting end detects that the receiving end has a load operation, By tracking the switching frequency of the resonant network and the high-frequency inverter circuit, and adjusting the switching frequency of the high-frequency inverter circuit in real time according to the voltage waveform on the transmitted transmitting coil, so that the switching frequency and resonance of the high-frequency inverter The frequency of the network is the same.
- the method of frequency tracking includes software or hardware implementation, whichever method can make the switching frequency of the high frequency inverter coincide with the frequency of the resonant network, and the inductive reactance and capacitive reactance in the resonant network cancel each other out.
- the resonant network exhibits pure impedance characteristics relative to the power supply to its input. In this way, the current and voltage input to the resonant network can be completely in phase, and the voltage input to the high-frequency inverter circuit is a sinusoidal unidirectional pulse voltage of 2 times the frequency of the electrician, so the input current is the voltage input from the mains.
- the resonant network In phase, the resonant network is in a quasi-resonant state, and the power factor at the transmitting end reaches a higher value.
- the purpose of power factor correction can be achieved without adding additional PFC circuits at the transmitting end, so that the size of the radio energy transmitting end becomes smaller and the cost is reduced.
- the radio energy receiving end picking up the electromagnetic wave to obtain the high frequency carrier signal further includes: compensating a power factor of the receiving end to adjust a useful working power received by the receiving end. And obtaining the high frequency carrier signal according to the compensated power conversion.
- a pick-up compensation circuit is preset in the radio energy receiving end, and the power factor of the receiving end is compensated by the pick-up compensation circuit to adjust the useful working power received by the receiving end, and then converted according to the compensated power Obtaining the high frequency carrier signal;
- the picking compensation circuit and the compensation circuit of the transmitting end form any compensation topology structure of SS, SP, PP or PS (SS: transmitting end compensation circuit and transmitting coil in series, receiving The end compensation circuit is connected in series with the pick-up coil; SP: the transmitting end compensation circuit is connected in series with the transmitting coil, and the receiving end compensation circuit is connected in parallel with the pick-up coil; PP: the transmitting end compensation circuit is connected in parallel with the transmitting coil, and the receiving end compensation circuit is connected in parallel with the pick-up coil; PS: The transmitting end compensation circuit is connected in parallel with the transmitting coil.
- the receiving end compensation circuit is connected in series with the picking coil.
- the receiving end and the transmitting end perform real-time data communication, and the load information is fed back to the transmitting end in real time, so that the transmitting end can adjust the working state accordingly.
- the receiving end supplies the sinusoidal unidirectional pulse voltage of the city electrician frequency twice frequency to the load, and after the power is supplied to the load, Collect the voltage, current, and analog signals (such as overcurrent, overvoltage, overtemperature, etc.) that are protected during the load, convert it into a digital signal, and apply the voltage, current, and abnormal state of the load.
- the time-protected digital signal is fed back to the receiving end wirelessly.
- the transmitting end adjusts the working state of the transmitting end according to the load information fed back by the receiving end.
- the advantages achieved are as follows: 1.
- the output voltage signal of the radio receiving end is fed back to the radio energy transmitting end, and the duty ratio or switching frequency of the switching circuit in the high frequency inverter of the transmitting end is adjusted. To stabilize the output voltage of the radio receiving end; 2.
- the protection signal of the radio receiving end such as overcurrent, overvoltage, overtemperature and other signals can be turned to the radio transmitting end, and the switching circuit can be controlled in time to interrupt the work of the radio transmitting end.
- the state is in the standby state or the restart mode; 3.
- the radio energy transmitting end recognizes the load of the receiving end, and only the load of the legal receiving end can enter the state of power transmission.
- a voltage source of a McDonald's wave of a city electrician frequency double frequency is input to a high frequency inverter at a transmitting end, and an inverted high frequency carrier signal is formed at the McDonald's wave.
- the pickup coil of the receiving end picks up the electromagnetic wave and converts it into electric energy, and then rectifies and filters the McDonald's wave of the city electrician frequency twice frequency, and supplies it to the electrical load.
- the output of the city electrician frequency double frequency McDonald's wave voltage can be adjusted by the feedback circuit to achieve voltage stability, to ensure the quality of the load of the receiving end of the electrical appliances.
- the transmitting end does not need to add an additional PFC circuit for power factor adjustment
- the receiving end does not need to add an inverter circuit to adjust the output voltage, thereby minimizing the volume of the transmitting end and the receiving end circuit module, realizing the transmitting end and
- the thin and light design of the receiving circuit module reduces the cost and facilitates the application to the field of wireless energy transmission of small household appliances. At the same time, it ensures that small household electrical appliances can work stably and reliably, which is conducive to the industrialization of technology.
- the present invention also provides an embodiment of a system suitable for high power wireless power transmission, the system comprising a transmitting end 10 and a receiving end 20, the transmitting end 10 converting electrical energy into electromagnetic waves, receiving The terminal 20 picks up the electromagnetic wave and converts it into electrical energy to supply the load 30.
- the transmitting end 10 includes:
- the first rectifying high-frequency filter circuit 101 is configured to rectify the input mains to a sinusoidal unidirectional pulse voltage of a frequency doubled frequency of the electrician.
- a sinusoidal unidirectional pulse voltage of a frequency doubled frequency of the electrician After the frequency conversion of the electrician of the city is rectified and filtered into a McDonald's wave, it is no longer necessary to filter the smooth current with a large-capacity low-frequency filter capacitor, so that there are always two bridge rectifier circuits at the transmitting end in each half cycle.
- the conduction angle of the diodes is close to 180 degrees, which reduces the large current pulse in a short time. The current is averaged over the entire period, the harmonics are reduced, and the power factor at the transmitting end is improved.
- the high frequency inverter circuit 102 is connected to the first rectified high frequency filter circuit 101 and the control circuit 103, and is configured to invert the sinusoidal unidirectional pulse voltage according to a control signal of the control circuit 103, and obtain the A high frequency carrier signal of the sinusoidal one-way pulse voltage to control the transmitting coil 104 to generate a corresponding electromagnetic wave according to the high frequency carrier signal.
- the receiving end 20 includes: a second rectifying high-frequency filtering circuit 201, configured to: after the pick-up coil 204 picks up the electromagnetic wave and converts the high-frequency carrier signal including the sinusoidal unidirectional pulse voltage, the high-frequency carrier signal Filtering is performed to obtain a sinusoidal unidirectional pulse voltage of 2 times the frequency of the electrician; and the sinusoidal unidirectional pulse voltage is supplied to the load 30 to supply power to the load.
- a second rectifying high-frequency filtering circuit 201 configured to: after the pick-up coil 204 picks up the electromagnetic wave and converts the high-frequency carrier signal including the sinusoidal unidirectional pulse voltage, the high-frequency carrier signal Filtering is performed to obtain a sinusoidal unidirectional pulse voltage of 2 times the frequency of the electrician; and the sinusoidal unidirectional pulse voltage is supplied to the load 30 to supply power to the load.
- the voltage waveform of the transmitting coil 104 is a high frequency carrier signal carrying the McDonald's wave voltage
- the high The frequency of the frequency carrier signal is the switching frequency of the high frequency inverter circuit 102. Therefore, the voltage waveform on the pickup coil 204 of the receiving terminal 20 is also a high frequency carrier signal carrying the McDonald's wave voltage.
- the second rectifying and filtering circuit 201 of the receiving end 20 filters out the high frequency portion to obtain a McDonald's wave with a power frequency of 2 times.
- the McDonald's wave (effective value 220V, which can also adjust the effective value of McDonald's wave through communication feedback) according to the power frequency twice frequency is supplied to the load 30.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of a system suitable for wireless energy transmission of small household appliances.
- the system includes a transmitting end 10 and a receiving end. 20, the pick-up coil 204 of the receiving end 20 is placed directly above the transmitting coil 104 of the transmitting end 10, and the non-contact power transmission between the transmitting end and the receiving end is realized by picking up the magnetic field wave generated by the transmitting coil 104 and converting it into electric energy.
- the transmitting end 10 includes a first rectified high-frequency filtering circuit 101, and a high-frequency inverse The variable circuit 102, the transmitting coil 104 and the control circuit 103; the receiving end 2G includes a second rectifying high-frequency filtering circuit 201 and a pick-up coil 204, wherein the functions of the specific parts are as described in the previous embodiment. Moreover, the transmitting end 10 further includes: a compensation circuit 105 connected to the high frequency inverter circuit 102 and the transmitting coil 104, including a resonant capacitor, and the compensation circuit 105 is connected with the transmission line diagram 104 to form a resonant network.
- control circuit 103 is further configured to adjust a switching frequency of the high frequency inverter circuit 102 in real time according to the voltage waveform of the obtained transmitting coil, so that the switching frequency of the high frequency inverter circuit 102 is
- the frequencies of the resonant network are identical such that the resonant network exhibits pure impedance characteristics for its input.
- the inductive reactance and capacitive reactance in the resonant network cancel each other out, and the current and voltage input to the resonant network can be completely in phase, and the voltage input to the high-frequency inverter circuit is a sinusoidal one-way unidirectional frequency of the city's electrical frequency.
- the pulse voltage so the input current is in phase with the voltage input from the mains, that is, the resonant network is in a quasi-resonant state, and the power factor at the input reaches a higher value.
- the purpose of power factor correction can be achieved without adding additional PFC circuits at the transmitting end, so that the size of the radio energy transmitting end becomes smaller and the cost is reduced.
- the receiving end 20 further includes: a pick-up compensation circuit 202 connected to the pick-up coil 204 and the second rectified high-frequency filter circuit 201, and the pick-up compensation circuit 202 and the transmitting
- the compensation circuit 105 of the terminal constitutes any compensation system of SS, SP, PP or PS (refer to the above embodiment for details), and is used for compensating the power factor of the receiving end to adjust the useful work received by the receiving end.
- the power level is further converted into the high frequency carrier signal according to the compensated power conversion; wherein the pickup compensation circuit 202 includes a resonant capacitor.
- the receiving end 20 further includes: a load information collecting circuit 203, configured to collect load information in real time; in the embodiment of the invention, the load information includes a current signal of the load, a voltage signal, and protection in an abnormal state. Analog signal.
- a voltage negative feedback, protection and AD conversion circuit 205 is coupled to the load information collection circuit 203 for converting an analog signal of the load information into a digital signal of the load information.
- the transmitting end 10 further includes: a wireless signal receiving circuit 108, connected to the control circuit 103, for receiving load information fed back by the receiving end.
- the control circuit 103 is further configured to adjust an operating state of the receiving end according to the load information received by the wireless signal receiving circuit.
- the transmitting end 10 further includes:
- An EMI circuit (electromagnetic compatible circuit including a relay) 109 is connected to the control circuit and the coil temperature collecting circuit, and directly controls the relay to disconnect the electric energy when the temperature of the transmitting coil reaches a set point Input, the input commercial power enters the first rectified high-frequency filter circuit through the EMI circuit 109; the electromagnetic interference to the mains power grid can be reduced by the EMI circuit.
- EMI circuit electromagnetic compatible circuit including a relay
- the standby wake-up circuit 110 is connected to the control circuit 103 for controlling the transmitting end to enter the standby state automatically or according to a user operation instruction when detecting that the load of the receiving end is removed.
- the transmitting end 10 further includes: an operation interface/button circuit 111 for inputting an operation instruction of the user to the machine.
- the receiving end 2 G further includes: a pick-up coil temperature collecting circuit 207 for detecting the temperature of the pick-up coil to determine whether a signal for over-temperature protection needs to be issued.
- the circuit design scheme of the wireless energy transmission system is optimized, the volume of the circuit module of the transmitting end and the receiving end is minimized, and the thin and light design of the circuit module of the transmitting end and the receiving end is realized, and the cost is reduced. And it can ensure that small household electrical appliances can work stably and reliably, which is conducive to the industrialization of technology.
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种无线电能传输方法及系统,所述方法包括:无线电能发射端将输入的市电整流为市电工频2倍频的正弦单向脉冲电压,对所述正弦单向脉冲电压进行逆变得到包含所述正弦单向脉冲电压的高频载波信号;根据所述高频载波信号控制发射线圈产生电磁波;无线电能接收端拾取所述电磁波转换得到所述高频载波信号,对所述高频载波信号进行滤波得到市电工频2倍频的正弦单向脉冲电压;将所述正弦单向脉冲电压提供给负载,为负载供电。通过本发明使得无线电能传输系统的发射端及接收端的设计更轻薄化,并降低了成本。
Description
无线电能传输方法及系统 本专利申请要求于 2013年 04月 28日提交的, 申请号为 201310157085.X, 申请人为海尔集团技术研发中心、 海尔集团公司, 发明名称为 "无线电能传输 方法及系统" 的中国专利申请的优先权, 该申请的全文以引用的方式并入本申 请中。
背景技术
发的高频磁场在接收端线圈 f
接触传送。
目前市面上已经出现了无线手机充电器、 无线充电的电动牙刷等小功率的 无线电能传输产品 但是还没有应用无线电能传输技术的小家电产品出现, 原 因之一是很多小家电产品本身需要较 '率, 满足条件的无线电能接收模块 体积较大, 无法装配到小家电产品中, 若加大小家电产品体积, 则由于太过笨 重, 带来使用者操作的不便; 并且成本较高, 不利于市场推广。
如图 1所示, 现有的无线电能传输系统的发射端大都是采用平滑的直流逆 变成高频的交流并由发射线圈将其转化为高频的电磁场发射, 为了抑制谐波, 提高发射端的功率因素,无线电能发射端需加入 PFC( Power Factor Correc t ion: 功率因素校正) 电路, 如被动式 PFC或主动式 PFC线路。 这样增加了发射端的 体积, 成本高, 不容易使产品小型轻薄化。
对应的, 如图 2 所示, 无线电能接收端将接收到的高频交流电通过整流滤 波为直流电, 然后将直流电通过逆变电路转化为市电频率的交流电 (例如
220Y/ 50HZ )提供给家电产品。
由于无线电能接收端加入了逆变电路, 对于高功率的无线电能传输的接收 端来说, 其元件数倍增, 导致其效率降低, 功率损耗变大, 且不可避免的需要 增加散热片, 进一步增大了接收端的体积, 不容易使产品小型轻薄化, 且成本 高, 不便于应用在体积有限的小家电中, 从而较难实现产品化。
发明内容
本发明提供一种无线电能传输方法及系统, 实现了无线电能发射端和接收 端的电路模块的轻薄化设计, 降低了成本, 解决了将无线电能传输技术应用到 的小家电产品中的问题。
为达此目的, 本发明采用以下技术方案:
一种无线电能传输方法, 包括:
无线电能发射端将输入的市电整流为市电工频(例如 50Hz或 60Hz ) 2倍频 的正弦单向脉冲电压, 通过高频逆变电路对所述正弦单向脉冲电压进行逆变得 到包含所述正弦单向脉沖电压的高频载波信号, 以根据所述高频载波信号控制 发射线圈产生电磁波;
无线电能接收端拾取所述电磁波转换得到所述高频载波信号, 对所述高频 载波信号进行滤波得到市电工频 2 倍频的正弦单向脉冲电压, 将所述正弦单向 脉冲电压提供给负载, 为负载供电。
其中, 所述通过高频逆变电路对所述正弦单向脉冲电压进行逆变得到包含 所述正弦单向脉沖电压的高频载波信号, 以根据所述高频载波信号控制发射线 圈产生电磁波还包括: 通过预先在所述发射端中设置的#偿电路对所述高频载 波信号进行补偿, 以根据补偿后的所述高频载波信号控制发射线圈产生电磁波;
所述高频逆变电路的开关频率与由所述补偿电路与发射线圈构成的谐振网络的 频率一致。
其中, 所述无线电能接收端拾取所述电磁波转换得到所述高频载波信号还 包括: 对接收端的功率因素进行补偿, 以调整接收端接收到的有用功功率大小, 再根据补偿后的电能转换得到所述高频载波信号。
其中, 所述将所述正弦单向脉冲电压提供给负载, 为负载供电之后, 还包 括:
实时采集无线电能接收电路输出给负载的电压、 电流及非正常状态时的保 护的模拟信号, 将其转化为数字信号, 并将所述负载的电压、 电流及非正常状 态时的保护的数字信号通过无线方式反馈给发射端;
发射端根据所述负载的电压、 电流及非正常状态时的保护的信号调整其工 作状态;
所述非正常状态时的保护的模拟信号包括: 过流、 过压或过温。
—种无线电能传输系统, 包括发射端和接收端, 发射端产生的电磁波, 接 第一整流高频滤波电路, 用于将输入的市电整流为市电工频 2 倍频的正弦 单向脉冲电压,
高频逆变电路, 与所述第一整流高频滤波电路和控制电路连接, 用于根据 控制电路的控制信号对所述正弦单向脉冲电压进行逆变得到包含所述正弦单向 脉冲电压的高频载波信号, 以根据所述高频载波信号控制发射线圈产生的电磁 波;
所述接收端包括: 第二整流高频滤波电路, 用于对由电磁波转换得到的包 含所述正弦单向脉冲电压的高频载波信号进行滤波, 得到市电工频 2 倍频的正 弦单向脉沖电压; 将所述正弦单向脉冲电压提供给负载, 为负载供电。
其中, 所述 射端还包括:
与所述高频逆变电路连接的补偿电路, 其包含一谐振电容, 且所述补偿电 路与发射线圈连接构成谐振网络, 用于对高频逆变电路的所述高频载波信号进 行补偿;
线圈温度釆集电路和线圈电流电压信号釆集电路, 分别与所述控制电路连 接, 用于采集发射线圈的温度和电流电压信号并确定是否发出相应的保护信号 给控制电路;
所述控制电路, 还用于根据采样得到的发射线圈的电压波形实时调节所述 高频逆变电路的开关频率, 使所述高频逆变电路的开关频率与谐振网络的频率 其中, 所述接收端还包括:
拾取补偿电路, 与拾取线圈和所述第二整流高频滤波电路连接, 并且, 所 述拾取补偿电路与发射端的补偿电路构成一补偿拓.朴架构, 用于对接收端的功 率因素进行补偿, 以调整接收端接收到的有用功功率大小, 再根据补偿后的电 能转换得到所述高频载波信号;
其中, 所述拾取补偿电路中包含一谐振电容。
其中, 所述接收端还包括:
负载信息釆集电路, 用于实时采集负载信息; 所述负载信息包括负载的电 流信号 电压信号及非正常状态时的保护的模拟信号;
电压负反馈、 保护及 AD转-换电路, 与所述负载信息采集电路连接, 用于将 负载信息的模拟信号转化为负载信息的数字信号; 以及,
无线信号发射电路, 与所述电压负反馈、 保护及 AD转换电路连接, 用于将 所述负载信息的数字信号调制到无线通信信道中并发射出去;
所述发射端还包括:
无线信号接收电路, 与所述控制电路连接, 用于接收接收端反馈的负载信 所述控制电路, 还用于根据无线信号接收电路接收到的负载信息调整发射 端的工作状态。
其中, 所述 射端还包括:
EMI电路, 与所述控制电路和所述线圈温度采集电路连接, 并且其包含一继 电器, 当线圈温度达到设定点时直接控制继电器断开电能的输入, 输入的巿电 通过所述 EMI电路进入所述第一整流高频滤波电路。
其中, 所述发射端还包括:
待机唤醒电路, 与所述控制电路连接, 用于当检测到接收端的负载移开时, 自动或根据用户操作指令控制发射端进入待机状态。
实施本发明实施例, 具有如下有益效果:
本发明实施例通过优化无线电能传输系统的电路设计方案, 最大程度的减 少了发射端和接收端的电路模块的体积, 实现了发射端和接收端的电路模块的 轻薄化设计, 降低成本, 且可以保证小家电产品可以稳定可靠的工作, 利于技. 术的产业化
附图说明
图 1是现有的无线电能传输系统的发射端的结构示意图。
图 2是现有的无线电能传输系统的接收端的结构示意图。
图 3是本发明的一种无线电能传输方法的一个实施例的流程图。
图 4是本发明的一种无线电能传输系统的一个实施例的结构示意图。
图 5是本发明一种无线电能传输系统的又一实施例的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图并通过具体实施方式来进一步说明本发明的技术方案
请参阅图 3, 其是本发明一种适用于小家电无线电能传输的方法的一实施例 的流程图, 包括如下步骤 S 1 ί 0 S 120:
S11 0、 无线电能发射端将输入的交流巿电整流为市电工频 1 倍频的正弦单 向脉冲电压; 并通过发射端的高频逆变电路对所述正弦单向脉冲电压进行逆 变, 得到包含所述正弦单向脉冲电压的高频载波信号; 根据所述高频载波信号 控制发射线圈产生对应的电磁波。 其中, 由于所述正弦单向脉冲电压的波形类 似于麦当劳的标记, 因此也称为麦当劳波。
由于无线电能发射端与市电相接, 为了减少无线电能传输产品对电网谐波 的污染, 因此要提高发射端的功率因素。 本发明实施例中市电工频交流经过整
流滤波为麦当劳波后, 不再需要用大容量的低频滤波电容滤波成平滑的直流, 这样在每半个周期内发射端的桥式整流电路中总有两个二级管的导通角接近于
180度 减小了短时间内的大电流脉冲, 电流被平均到了整个周期, 减小了谐波, 改善了发射端的功率因素。
S120、 无线电能接收端拾取所述电磁波并转换得到包含所述正弦单向脉冲 电压的高频载波信号, 通过.接收端的整流滤波电路对所述高频载波信号进行滤 波得到市电工频 2倍频的正弦单向脉冲电压; 将所述巿电工频 2倍频的正弦单 向脉冲电压提供给负载, 为负载供电„
由于发射端的高频逆变电路的供电电压为市电工频 2 倍频的麦当劳波电 压, 所以发射线圈的电压波形为载有麦当劳波电压的高频载波信号。 因此接收 端的拾取线圈上的电压波形也为载有麦当劳波电压的的高频载波信号。 经过接 收端的整流滤波电路将其中的高频部分滤除, 得到工频 2 倍频的麦当劳波。 再 以工频的 2 倍频率的麦当劳波 (例如频率为 100Hz 或 120Hz , 电压有效值为 100V— 240V, 也可跟据需要通过通信反馈调节麦当劳波的有效值) 供电给负载。
试验表明, 本发明实施例的工频的 2 倍频率的麦当劳波对目前使用交流的 加热厨具和电动厨具影响极小, 这样无线电能接收端无需逆变器就可直接供电 给电器, 节约成本, 且有利于无线电能接收端的小型化设计, 有利于将无线电 能传输技术推广应用到在小家电产品中。
基于本发明上述实施例, 较佳地, 预先在所述无线电能发射端中设置一补 偿电路, 其中, 所述补偿电路和拾取补偿电路中各包含一谐振电容。 所述通过 高频逆变电路对所述正弦单向脉冲电压进行逆变得到包舍所述正弦单向脉冲电 压的高频载波信号, 以根据所述高频载波信号控制发射线圈产生电磁波, 其中 还包括: 通过所述补偿电路对所述高频载波信号进行补偿, 以根据补偿后的所 述高频载波信号控制发射线圈产生电磁波。 具体如: 所述发射端的补偿电路与 发射线圈构成一谐振网络, 发射端向接收端传输电能的过程中, 即通过所述发 射端的高频逆变电路对所述正弦单向脉冲电压进行逆变, 得到包含所述正弦单 向脉冲电压的高频载波信号; 根据所述高频载波信号控制发射线圈产生对应的 电磁波之后, 还根 t采样得到的发射线圈上的电压波形实时调节所述高频逆变
电路的开关频率, 以使发射端的高频逆变电路的开关频率与谐振网络的频率一 致, 使所述谐振网络对于其输入的电源而言呈现出纯阻抗的特点。 具体实施时, 可利用软件预先将高频逆变电路的开关频率设定在一固定频率 (此频率为不考 虑接收端的反射阻抗时的谐振频率) , 当发射端检测到接收端有负载工作时, 通过对谐振网络以及高频逆变电路的开关频率进行跟踪, 并根据采样得到的发 射线圈上的电压波形实时调节高频逆变电路的开关频率, 使高频逆变器的开关 频率与谐振网络的频率一致。 其中, 频率跟踪的方式包括软件或者硬件实现方 式, 不论哪种方式只要能使高频逆变器的开关频率与谐振网络的频率一致即 可, 这时谐振网络中的感抗和容抗相互抵消达到相对于其输入的电源而言, 谐 振网络呈现出纯阻抗的特点。 这样输入谐振网络的电流和电压就能完全同相 位, 再加上输入到高频逆变电路的电压是市电工频 2倍频的正弦单向脉冲电压, 因此输入电流就与市电输入的电压同相, 谐振网络处于准谐振状态, 发射端的 功率因素达到较高的值。 实现了发射端不需增加额外的 PFC 电路即可达到功率 因素校正的目的, 这样使得无线电能发射端的体积变小, 成本降低。
较佳地, 本发明实施例中, 所述无线电能接收端拾取所述电磁波转换得到 所述高频载波信号还包括: 对接收端的功率因素进行补偿, 以调整接收端接收 到的有用功功率大小, 再根据补偿后的电能转换得到所述高频载波信号。 如: 预先在所述无线电能接收端中设置一拾取补偿电路, 通过所述拾取补偿电路对 接收端的功率因素进行补偿, 以调整接收端接收到的有用功功率大小, 再根据 补偿后的电能转换得到所述高频载波信号; 其中, 所述拾取补偿电路与所述发 射端的补偿电路组成 SS、 SP、 PP或 PS任意一种补偿拓朴架构 (SS : 发射端补 偿电路与发射线圈串联, 接收端补偿电路与拾取线圈串联; SP: 发射端补偿电 路与发射线圈串联, 接收端补偿电路与拾取线圈并联; PP : 发射端补偿电路与 发射线圈并联, 接收端补偿电路与拾取线圈并联; PS : 发射端补偿电路与发射 线圈并联., 接收端补偿电路与拾取线圈串联) 。
较佳地, 本发明实施例中, 接收端与发射端进行实时数据通信, 向发射端 实时反馈负载信息, 使发射端可相应的调整工作状态。 具体为: 所述接收端将 所述市电工频 2倍频的正弦单向脉冲电压提供给负载, 为负载供电之后, 还实
时采集负载的电压、 电流及非正常状态时保护的模拟信号 (如过流、 过压、 过 温等信号) , 将其转化为数字信号, 并将所述负载的电压、 电流及非正常状态 时保护的数字信号通过无线方式反.馈给接收端。 发射端根据接收端反馈的负载 信息调整发射端的工作状态。
通过接收端与发射端的数据通信, 达到的好处有: 1、 将无线电能接收端的 输出电压信号反馈到无线电能发射端, 通过调节发射端的高频逆变器中开关电 路的占空比或开关频率来稳定无线电能接收端的输出电压; 2、 将无线电能接收 端的保护信号如过流, 过压、 过温等信号反#到无线电能发射端, 可及时控制 关闭开关电路, 中断无线电能发射端的工作状态使其处于待机状态或重启模 式; 3、 无线电能发射端对接收端的负载进行识别, 只有合法的接收端的负载才 能进入电能传输的状态。
基于本发明上述实施例的无线电能传输的方法: 在发射端采用市电工频 2 倍频的麦当劳波的电压源输入给高频逆变器, 形成逆变的高频载波信号在所述 麦当劳波上, 并由发射线圈将其转化为高频的电磁波发射, 由接收端的拾取线 圈拾取电磁波并将其转化为电能, 再整流滤波得到市电工频 2倍频的麦当劳波, 供给电器负载使用。 并且输出的市电工频 2 倍频的麦当劳波电压大小可以由反 馈电路进行调节达到电压稳定, 以保证接收端的负载电器的用电质量。 由于发 射端无需加入额外的 PFC 电路进行功率因数调整, 接收端无需加入逆变电路对 进行输出电压的调整, 因此, 最大程度的减少了发射端和接收端电路模块的体 积, 实现了发射端和接收端电路模块的轻薄化设计, 降低成本, 便于推广应用 到小家电的无线电能传输领域中; 同时保证了小家电产品可以稳定可靠的工 作, 利于技术的产业化。
请参阅图 4, 本发明还提供了一种适用于高功率的无线电能传输的系统的实 施例, 所述系统包括发射端 1 0和接收端 20 , 发射端 1 0将电能转换为电磁波, 接收端 20拾取电磁波并转化为电能为负载 30供电; 其中, 所述发射端 1 0中包 括:
第一整流高频滤波电路 1 01, 用于将输入的市电整流为市电工频 2倍频的正 弦单向脉沖电压。
本发明实施例中市电工频交流经过整流滤波为麦当劳波后, 不再需要用大 容量的低频滤波电容滤波成平滑的直流, 这样在每半个周期内发射端的桥式整 流电路中总有两个二级管的导通角接近于 180度, 减小了短时间内的大电流脉 冲, 电流被平均到了整个周期, 减小了谐波, 改善了发射端的功率因素。
高频逆变电路 1 02 , 与所述第一整流高频滤波电路 101和控制电路 103连 接, 用于根据控制电路 103 的控制信号对所述正弦单向脉冲电压进行逆变, 得 到包含所述正弦单向脉冲电压的高频载波信号, 以根据所述高频载波信号控制 发射线圈 1 04产生对应的电磁波。
所述接收端 20包括: 第二整流高频滤波电路 201 , 用于在拾取线圈 204拾 取到电磁波并转换得到包含所述正弦单向脉冲电压的高频载波信号之后, 对所 述高频载波信号进行滤波, 得到巿电工频 2 倍频的正弦单向脉冲电压; 并将所 述正弦单向脉沖电压提供给负载 30, 为负载供电。
由于发射端 10的高频逆变电路 1 02的供电电压为巿电工频 1倍频的麦当劳 波电压, 所以发射线圈 1 04 的电压波形为载有麦当劳波电压的高频载波信号, 所述高频载波信号的频率为高频逆变电路 102的开关频率。 因此接收端 20的拾 取线圈 204 上的电压波形也为载有麦当劳波电压的的高频载波信号。 经过接收 端 20的第二整流滤波电路 201将高频部分滤除, 得到工频 2倍频的麦当劳波。 以工频的 2倍频率的麦当劳波 (有效值 220V , 也可跟据需要通过通信反馈调节 麦当劳波的有效值) 供电给负载 30。
试验表明, 本发明实施例的工频的 1 倍频率的麦当劳波对目前使用交流的 加热厨具和电动厨具影响极小, 这样无线电能接收端无需逆变器就可直接供电 给电器, 节约成本, 且有利于无线电能发射端和接收端的小型化设计, 有利于 将无线电能传输技术推广应用到在小家电产品中。
较佳地, 请参阅图 5, 图 5为本发明一种适用于小家电无线电能传输的系统 的另一实施例的结构示意图,如图 5所示,所述系统包括发射端 10和接收端 20, 所述接收端 20的拾取线圈 204放置于发射端 10的发射线圈 104的正上方, 通 过拾取发射线圈 104 产生的磁场波并转化为电能, 实现发射端与接收端的非接 触式电能传输。 其中, 所述发射端 1 0包括第一整流高频滤波电路 101、 高频逆
变电路 102、 发射线圈 104和控制电路 103; 所述接收端 2G包括有第二整流高 频滤波电路 201 和拾取线圈 204, 其中具体各部分的功能请参考上一实施例所 述。 并且, 所述发射端 10还包括: 补偿电路 105 , 与所述高频逆变电路 102和 发射线圈 104连接, 其中包含一谐振电容, 且所述补偿电路 105与发射线圖 104 连接构成谐振网络, 用于对高频逆变电路的所述高频载波信号进行补偿; 还包 括线圈温度采集电路 106和线圈电流电压信号采集电路 107, 分别与所述控制电 路 103 连接, 用于采集发射线圈的温度和电流电压信号并确定是否发出相应的 保护信号给控制电路
较佳地, 所述控制电路 103, 还用于根据采样得到的发射线圈的电压波形实 时调节所述高频逆变电路 102的开关频率, 使所述高频逆变电路 1 02的开关频 率与由所述谐振网络的频率一致, 以使所述谐振网络对于其输入端而言呈现出 純阻抗的特点。 这时谐振网络中的感抗和容抗相互抵消, 输入谐振网络的电流 和电压就能完全同相位, 再加上输入到高频逆变电路的电压是市电工频 2 倍频 的正弦单向脉冲电压, 因此输入电流就与市电输入的电压同相, 即谐振网络处 于准谐振状态, 输入端的功率因素达到较高的值。 实现了发射端不需增加额外 的 PFC 电路即可达到功率因素校正的目的, 使得无线电能发射端的体积变小, 成本降低。
继续参阅图 5 , 本实施例中, 所述接收端 20还包括: 拾取补偿电路 202, 与拾取线圈 204和所述第二整流高频滤波电路 201连接, 并且, 所述拾取补偿 电路 202与发射端的补偿电路 105构成 SS、 SP、 PP或 PS任意一种补偿拓 4卜架 构 (具体请参见上述实施例所述) , 用于对接收端的功率因数进行补偿, 以调 整接收端接收到的有用功功率大小, 再根据补偿后的电能转换得到所述高频载 波信号; 其中, 所述拾取补偿电路 202中包含一谐振电容。
较佳地, 所述接收端 20还包括: 负载信息采集电路 203, 用于实时采集负 载信息; 本发明实施例中, 所述负载信息包括负载的电流信号、 电压信号及非 正常状态时的保护的模拟信号。 电压负反馈、 保护及 AD转换电路 205, 与所述 负载信息釆集电路 203 连接, 用于将负载信息的模拟信号转化为负载信息的数 字信号。 无线信号发射电路 206 , 与所述电压负反馈、 保护及 AD转换电路 205
连接, 用于将所述负载信息的数字信号调制到无线通信信道中并发射出去。 对应地, 所述发射端 10还包括: 无线信号接收电路 108, 与所述控制电路 103连接, 用于接收接收端反馈的负载信息。 对应的, 所述控制电路 103还用于 根据无线信号接收电路接收到的负载信息调整接收端的工作状态。
较佳地, 所述发射端 10还包括:
EMI 电路(电磁兼容的电路, 内包含一继电器) 109 , 与所述控制电路和所 述线圈温度采集电路连接, 当所述发射线圈的温度达到设定点时直接控制所述 继电器断开电能的输入, 输入的市电通过所述 EMI 电路 109进入所述第一整流 高频滤波电路; 通过 EMI电路可减少对市电电网的电磁干扰。
待机唤醒电路 110, 与所述控制电路 103连接, 用于当检测到接收端的负载 移开时, 自动或根据用户操作指令控制发射端进入待机状态。
此外, 如图 5所示, 所述发射端 10还包括: 操作界面 /按鈕电路 111 , 用于 使用者对机器的操作指令的输入。
所述接收端 2 G还包括: 拾取线圈温度采集电路 207, 用于检测拾取线圈的 温度以确定是否需要发出进行过温保护的信号。
通过实施本发明实施例, 优化了无线电能传输系统的电路设计方案, 最大 程度的减少了发射端和接收端的电路模块的体积, 实现了发射端和接收端的电 路模块的轻薄化设计, 降低成本, 且可以保证小家电产品可以稳定可靠的工作, 利于技术的产业化。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已, 并不用以限制本发明, 凡在本发 明的精神和原則之内所作的任何修改、 等同替换和改进等, 均应包含在本发明 的保护范围之内。
Claims
权 利 要 求 书
L 一种无线电能传输方法, 其特征在于, 包括: 无线电能发射端将输入的市电整流为市电工频 2倍频的正弦单向脉冲电压, 通过高频逆变电路对所述正弦单向脉冲电压进行逆变得到包含所述正弦单向脉 冲电压的高频载波信号, 以根据所述高频载波信号控制发射线圈产生电磁波; 无线电能接收端拾取所述电磁波转换得到所述高频载波信号, 对所述高频 载波信号进行滤波得到市电工频 2 倍频的正弦单向脉冲电压, 将所述正弦单向 脉冲电压提供给负载, 为负载供电, 其中
所述-市电工频是. 50Hz或 60Hztl
2、 如权利要求 1所述的无线电能传输方法, 其特征在于, 所述通过高频逆 变电路对所述正弦单向脉冲电压进行逆变得到包含所述正弦单向脉冲电压的高 频载波信号, 以根据所述高频载波信号控制发射线圈产生电磁波还包括: 通过 预先在所述发射端中设置的#偿电路对所述高频载波信号进行补偿, 以根据补 偿后的所述高频载波信号控制发射线圈产生电磁波;
所述无线电能传输方法还包括:
釆样发射线圈上的电压波形并实时调节所述高频逆变电路的开关频率, 使 所述高频逆变电路的开关频率与由所述补偿电路与发射线圈构成的谐振网络的 谐振频率一致。
3、 如权利要求 2所述的无线电能传输方法, 其特征在于, 所述无线电能接 收端拾取所述电磁波转换得到所述高频载波信号还包括: 对接收端的功率因数 进行补偿, 以调整接收端接收到的有用功功率大小, 再根据补偿后的电能转换 得到所述高频载波信号。
4、 如权利要求 1所述的无线电能传输方法, 其特征在于, 所述将所述正弦 单向脉冲电压提供给负载, 为负载供电之后, 还包括:
实时采集无线电能接收端输出给负载的电压、 电流及非正常状态时保护的 模拟信号, 将其转化为数字信号, 并将所述负载的电压、 电流及非正常状态时 保护的数字信号通过无线方式反馈给发射端;
发射端根据所述负载的电压、 电流及非正常状态时的保护的数字信号调整 其工作状态;
所述非正常状态时的保护的模拟信号包括: 过流、 过压或过温。
5、 一种无线电能传输系统, 包括发射端和接收端, 发射端产生电磁波, 接 收端拾取所述电磁波并转化为电能为负载供电, 其特征在于, 所述发射端包括: 第一整流高频滤波电路, 用于将输入的市电整流为市电工频 2 倍频的正弦 单向脉冲电压,
高频逆变电路, 与所述第一整流高频滤波电路和控制电路连接, 用于根据 控制电路的控制信号对所述正弦单向脉冲电压进行逆变得到包含所述正弦单向 脉冲电压的高频载波信号, 以根据所述高频载波信号控制发射线圈产生电磁波; 所述接收端包括: 第二整流高频滤波电路, 用于对由电磁波转换得到的包 含所述正弦单向脉冲电压的高频载波信号进行滤波, 得到市电工频 2 倍频的正 弦单向脉沖电压; 将所述正弦单向脉冲电压提供给负载, 为负载供电, 其中 所述市电工频.是 50Hz或 60Hz。
6、 根据权利要求 5所述的无线电能传输系统, 其特征在于, 所述发射端还 包括:
与所述高频逆变电路连接的补偿电路, 其包含一谐振电容, 且所述补偿电 路与发射线圈连接构成谐振网络, 用于对高频逆变电路的所述高频载波信号进 行补偿;
线圖温度采集电路和线圈电流电压信号采集电路, 分别与所述控制电路连 接, 用于采集发射线圈的温度和电流电压信号并确定是否发出相应的保护信号 给控制电路;
所述控制电路, 还用于根据釆样得到的发射线圈的电压波形实时调节所述 高频逆变电路的开关频率, 使所述高频逆变电路的开关频率与谐振网络的谐振 频率一致。
7、 根据权利要求 6所述的无线电能传输系统, 其特征在于, 所述.接收端还 包括:
拾取补偿电路, 与拾取线圈和所述第二整流高频滤波电路连接, 并且, 所 述拾取补偿电路与发射端的#偿电路构成一补偿拓朴架构, 用于对接收端的功 率因素进行补偿, 以调整接收端接收到的有用功功率大小, 再根据补偿后的电
能转换得到所述高频载波信号;
其中, 所述拾取补偿电路中包含一谐振电容。
8、 根据权利要求 5所述的无线电能传输系统, 其特征在于,
所述接收端还包括:
负载信息采集电路, 用于实时采集负载信息; 所述负载信息包括负载的电 流信号、 电压信号及非正常状态时的保护的模拟信号;
电压负反馈、 保护及 AD转换电路, 与所述负载信息采集电路连接, 用于将 负载信息的模拟信号转化为负载信息的数字信号; 以及,
无线信号发射电路, 与所述电压负反馈、 保护及 AD转换电路连接, 用于将 所述负载信息的数字信号调制到无线通信信道中并发射出去; 无线信号接收电路, 与所述控制电路连接, 用于接收接收端反馈的负载信 '
所述控制电路, 还用于根据无线信号接收电路接收到的负载信息调整发射 端的工作状态。
9、 根据权利要求 6所述的无线电能传输系统, 其特征在于, 所述发射端还 包括:
EMI电路, 与所述控制电路和所述线圖温度采集电路连接, 并且其包含一继 电器, 当所述发射线圈的温度达到设定点时直接控制所述继电器断开电能的输 入, 输入的市电通过所述 EMI电路进入所述第一整流高频滤波电路。
10、 根据权利要求 5 所述的无线电能传输系统, 其特征在于, 所述发射端 还包括':
待机唤醒电路, 与所述.控制电路连接, 用于当检测到接收端的负载移开时, 自动或根据用户操作指令控制发射端进入待机状态。
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