WO2014176827A1

WO2014176827A1 - Generation and display of holograms for low resolution devices

Info

Publication number: WO2014176827A1
Application number: PCT/CN2013/079190
Authority: WO
Inventors: Peter Waiming TSANG
Original assignee: City University Of Hong Kong
Priority date: 2013-05-03
Filing date: 2013-07-11
Publication date: 2014-11-06

Abstract

Fast processing, at video rates, of information represented in digital holograms is provided to facilitate generating and displaying 3-D holographic images representative of a 3-D object scene on lower-resolution display devices. A holographic generator component (HGC) can receive or generate a hologram representing a 3-D object scene. The HGC can downsample the hologram based on a fix, jitter downsampling lattice, and can interpolate, through pixel duplication, the downsampled hologram to generate a low-resolution hologram that can be displayed with a low-resolution display device. A grating can be overlaid on the display device, wherein the grating can be generated based on the same jitter downsampling lattice used to downsample the hologram. The integration of the grating and low-resolution hologram can facilitate displaying, on lower-resolution display devices, holographic images that can have the resolution, to a desirably good approximation, of the original hologram.

Description

GENERATION AND DISPLAY OF HOLOGRAMS FOR LOW RESOLUTION DEVICES

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/819,460, filed May 3, 2013, and entitled "Generation And Display Of Holograms For Low Resolution Devices," the entirety of which is incorporated herein by reference.

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The subject disclosure relates generally to holograms, e.g., to generation and display of holograms for low-resolution devices.

BACKGROUND

[0003] With the advancement of computers, digital holography has become an area of interest and has gained popularity. Research findings derived from this technology can enable digital holograms to be captured optically or generated numerically, and to be displayed with holographic display devices such as a liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS) display device or a spatial light modulator (SLM) display device. Holograms generated in this manner can be in the form of numerical data that can be recorded, transmitted, and processed using digital techniques. On top of that, the availability of high capacity digital storage and wide-band communication technologies also lead to the emergence of real-time video holography, casting light on the future of a three-dimensional (3-D) television system.

[0004] A Fresnel hologram of a 3-D scene can be generated numerically by computing the fringe patterns emerged from each object point to the hologram plane. The Fresnel hologram of the 3-D scene can be used to reconstruct and display 3-D holographic images that can recreate or represent the original 3-D scene from various visual perspectives (e.g., various viewing angles).

[0005] Recently, it has been demonstrated that digital holograms can be generated at video rates. These encouraging results, however, are shrouded by the lack of high-resolution display devices for displaying the digital holograms. A typical SLM device with a dot-pitch of 10 microns (or micrometres) (μιη), for instance, can be cost-prohibitive to most consumers, but the resolution is still significantly behind the requirement of a decent holographic display. SLM devices or LCoS devices below 5 μιη typically are not available in the consumer market, and normally can only be fabricated at relatively high cost in a laboratory environment. Further, the size of conventional SLM devices and LCoS devices are relatively small (e.g., normally within a 2 centimeter (cm) square).

[0006] The above-described description is merely intended to provide a contextual overview of generating and displaying digital holograms, and is not intended to be exhaustive.

SUMMARY

[0007] The following presents a simplified summary of various aspects of the disclosed subject matter in order to provide a basic understanding of some aspects described herein. This summary is not an extensive overview of the disclosed subject matter. It is intended to neither identify key or critical elements of the disclosed subject matter nor delineate the scope of such aspects. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts of the disclosed subject matter in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that is presented later.

[0008] Systems, methods, computer readable storage mediums, and techniques disclosed herein relate to processing and generating holograms. Disclosed herein is a system

comprising at least one memory that stores computer-executable components, and at least one processor that facilitates execution of the computer-executable components stored in the at least one memory. The computer-executable components comprising a holographic generator component that receives or generates a first hologram having a first resolution based at least in part on an object scene. The computer-executable components also comprising a hologram management component downsamples the first hologram based at least in part on a defined downsampled factor to generate a downsampled hologram and interpolates the downsampled hologram to facilitate generation of a second hologram having a second resolution to facilitate display of a holographic image based at least in part on the second hologram and a grating component.

[0009] Also disclosed herein is a method that comprises downsampling, by a system comprising a processor, a high-resolution hologram to generate a downsampled hologram based at least in part on a downsampling lattice having a defined downsampling factor. The method also comprises interpolating, by the system, the downsampled hologram to generate a low-resolution hologram that corresponds to the high-resolution hologram to facilitate displaying a holographic image based at least in part on the low-resolution hologram and a grating, wherein the high-resolution hologram has a higher resolution than the low-resolution hologram.

[0010] Further disclosed herein is a computer readable storage medium comprising computer-executable instructions that, in response to execution, cause a system comprising a processor to perform operations. The operations comprise downsampling a first hologram to generate a downsampled hologram based at least in part on a downsampling lattice having a defined downsampling factor. The operations also comprise interpolating the downsampled hologram to generate a second hologram that corresponds to the first hologram to facilitate generating and displaying a holographic image based at least in part on the second hologram and a grating, wherein the first hologram has a higher resolution than the second hologram.

[0011] The disclosed subject matter also includes a system comprising means for downsampling a first hologram to generate a downsampled hologram based at least in part on a downsampling lattice having a defined downsampling factor. The system also comprises means for interpolating the downsampled hologram to generate a second hologram that corresponds to the first hologram to facilitate generating and displaying a holographic image based at least in part on the second hologram and a grating function associated with a grating, wherein the first hologram has a higher resolution than the second hologram.

[0012] The following description and the annexed drawings set forth in detail certain illustrative aspects of the disclosed subject matter. These aspects are indicative, however, of but a few of the various ways in which the principles of the disclosed subject matter may be employed, and the disclosed subject matter is intended to include all such aspects and their equivalents. Other advantages and distinctive features of the disclosed subject matter will become apparent from the following detailed description of the disclosed subject matter when considered in conjunction with the drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] FIG. 1 depicts a diagram of a system that can efficiently and quickly (e.g., in real time or at least near real time) generate a three-dimensional (3-D) hologram(s) of a real or synthetic 3-D object scene(s) and display the 3-D holographic images on a relatively low- resolution display component in accordance with various aspects and embodiments of the disclosed subject matter.

[0014] FIG. 2 depicts a block diagram of an example multi-stage process that can facilitate generating a low-resolution 3-D hologram from a higher-resolution 3-D hologram, and using the low-resolution 3-D hologram and a high-resolution grating component to facilitate desirably displaying 3-D holographic images, based at least in part on the lower-resolution 3- D hologram and the grating component, in accordance with various aspects and embodiments of the disclosed subject matter. [0015] FIG. 3 illustrates a diagram of an example graph that depicts the magnitude of the frequency spectrum of a one-dimensional discrete signal.

[0016] FIG. 4 presents a diagram of an example graph that depicts the magnitude frequency spectrum of a downsampled signal of a one-dimensional discrete signal, wherein the downsampled signal has been downsampled by a defined downsampling factor based at least in part on a uniform downsampling lattice.

[0017] FIG. 5 illustrates a diagram of an example graph that depicts the magnitude frequency spectrum of a downsampled signal of a one-dimensional discrete signal, wherein the downsampled signal has been downsampled by a defined downsampling factor based at least in part on a regular grid jittered downsampling (RGJD) lattice.

[0018] FIG. 6 illustrates a diagram of an example hologram, in accordance with various aspects and embodiments of the disclosed subject matter.

[0019] FIG. 7 presents a diagram of an example image that can be or represent the RGJD lattice and corresponding grating image (e.g., of a grating component), in accordance with various aspects and embodiments of the disclosed subject matter.

[0020] FIG. 8 depicts a diagram of an example downsampled hologram, in accordance with various aspects and embodiments of the disclosed subject matter.

[0021] FIG. 9 illustrates a diagram of an example downsampled, interpolated hologram (e.g., a low-resolution hologram), in accordance with various aspects and embodiments of the disclosed subject matter.

[0022] FIG. 10 illustrates an image that is parallel to a hologram that is generated based on an optical setting.

[0023] FIG. 11 presents an image that represents the original source image of FIG. 10, wherein the image was optically reconstructed at the focal plane.

[0024] FIG. 12 presents a reconstructed image (e.g., optically reconstructed image) of a decimated (e.g., downsampled) hologram that has been downsampled with a uniform sampling lattice.

[0025] FIG. 13 depicts an optical image that has been reconstructed based at least in part on a low-resolution hologram and a high-resolution binary grating that corresponds to an RGJD lattice having a defined downsampling factor of 2.

[0026] FIG. 14 presents an optical image that has been reconstructed based at least in part on a low-resolution hologram and a high-resolution binary grating that corresponds to an RGJD lattice having a defined downsampling factor of 3. [0027] FIG. 15 illustrates a block diagram of an example system for generating a lattice component and a grating component that can facilitate generation and use of a low-resolution hologram of an original high-resolution hologram of an object scene to facilitate displaying holographic images that can represent the original high-resolution hologram, in accordance with various aspects and embodiments of the disclosed subject matter.

[0028] FIG. 16 illustrates a block diagram of an example holographic generator component that can efficiently generate (e.g., in real or at least near real time) a hologram(s) of a real or synthetic object scene(s), in accordance with various aspects and implementations of the disclosed subject matter.

[0029] FIG. 17 depicts a system that can employ intelligence to facilitate generating a hologram of a real or synthetic object scene in accordance with an embodiment of the disclosed subject matter.

[0030] FIG. 18 illustrates a flow diagram of an example method that can facilitate generating (e.g., generating in real or at least near real time) a hologram, in accordance with various aspects and embodiments of the disclosed subject matter.

[0031] FIG. 19 depicts a flow diagram of another example method that can facilitate generating (e.g., generating in real or at least near real time) a hologram, in accordance with various aspects and embodiments of the disclosed subject matter.

[0032] FIG. 20 presents a flow diagram of an example method that can facilitate generating a downsampling lattice component that can facilitate generation of a low-resolution hologram, in accordance with various aspects and embodiments of the disclosed subject matter.

[0033] FIG. 21 illustrates a flow diagram of an example method that can facilitate generating a grating component that can facilitate displaying holographic images of desirable quality on a low-resolution display component based at least in part on a low-resolution hologram of an object scene, in accordance with various aspects and embodiments of the disclosed subject matter.

[0034] FIG. 22 is a schematic block diagram illustrating a suitable operating environment.

[0035] FIG. 23 is a schematic block diagram of a sample-computing environment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The disclosed subject matter is described with reference to the drawings, wherein like reference numerals are used to refer to like elements throughout. In the following description, for purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the various embodiments of the subject disclosure. It may be evident, however, that the disclosed subject matter may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form in order to facilitate describing the various embodiments herein.

[0037] With the advancement of computers, digital holography has become an area of interest and has gained popularity. Research findings derived from this technology can enable digital holograms to be captured optically or generated numerically, and to be displayed with holographic display devices such as a liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS) display device or a spatial light modulator (SLM) display device. Holograms generated in this manner can be in the form of numerical data that can be recorded, transmitted, and processed using digital techniques. On top of that, the availability of high capacity digital storage and wide-band communication technologies also lead to the emergence of real-time video holography, casting light on the future of a three-dimensional (3-D) television system.

[0038] A Fresnel hologram of a 3-D scene can be generated numerically by computing the fringe patterns emerged from each object point to the hologram plane. The Fresnel hologram of the 3-D scene can be used to reconstruct and display 3-D holographic images that can recreate or represent the original 3-D scene from various visual perspectives (e.g., various viewing angles).

[0039] Recently, it has been demonstrated that digital holograms can be generated at video rates. For example, a medium size digital Fresnel hologram can be generated numerically relatively quickly (e.g., at video rates) in part through the use of a computer, such as a personal computer.

[0040] These encouraging results, however, are shrouded by the lack of high-resolution display devices for displaying the digital holograms. For a typical conventional hologram, it generally can be desirable or necessary to have a resolution of over 2400 dots per inch (dpi) (about 10 microns (or micrometres) (μηι)) to provide an observable reconstructed holographic image. A typical SLM device with a dot-pitch of 10 microns, for instance, can be cost-prohibitive to most consumers, and, in any event, the resolution may still be significantly behind the requirement of a decent holographic display. SLM devices or LCoS devices below 5 μιη typically are not available in the consumer market, and normally can only be fabricated at relatively high cost in a laboratory environment. Further, the size of conventional SLM devices and LCoS devices are relatively small (e.g., normally within a 2 centimeter (cm) square).

[0041] Conventional techniques have been proposed to try to enhance both the resolution and size of these conventional display devices through the use of multiple units, or an active tiling (AT) method. However, the complexity and cost of the setup to implement such conventional techniques can be substantially increased.

[0042] A system has been developed that can display a high resolution hologram on a low- resolution display device. The system can employ a binary mask programmable hologram (BMPH) that can be formed by overlaying a fixed, high-resolution binary grating onto a low- resolution binary mask. By generating a desired (e.g., correct) binary mask through an iterative process based on a Simple Genetic Algorithm, the BMPH can desirably mimic a hologram with an identical or at least a substantially identical resolution as the grating, and thereby the system can be capable of reconstructing a holographic image with the same resolution of the original hologram. As the binary mask can be displayed with a less stringent display device of lower resolution, the cost and complexity of implementing the holographic display (either as a single or a tiling structure) can be reduced.

[0043] However, there can be some possible issues with the BMPH techniques that potentially may limit its application in practice. The computation time in such a BMPH system can be quite lengthy. Also, while the BMPH techniques can generate small holograms (e.g., 256x256 pixels) representing a single depth, planar image, it may be difficult to realize larger sized holograms using such techniques. Further, for certain object images, the BMPH techniques potentially may fail to generate the correct binary mask even after a relatively large number of iterations. Despite these potential issues, these BMPH techniques have cast a light on the feasibility of using a low-resolution SLM to reconstruct a holographic image obtained from the higher resolution of the original hologram.

[0044] To that end, presented are techniques for fast (e.g., at video rate (e.g., 30 frames per second or a faster rate) in real-time or at least near real-time) processing of information represented in digital holograms to facilitate generating and displaying 3-D holograms (e.g., full-parallax 3-D Fresnel holograms) of a real or synthetic 3-D object scene (e.g., in real-time or at least near real-time) on lower-resolution display devices. A holographic generator component (HGC) can receive or generate a 3-D digital hologram that can represent a 3-D object scene from a number of different visual perspectives (e.g., from a number of different viewing angles). In some implementations, the HGC can generate the 3-D digital hologram of a 3-D object scene at video rate (e.g., a standard video rate (e.g., 30 frames per second) or a video rate of approximately 40 frames per second or faster) in real or near real time.

[0045] The HGC can comprise a hologram management component that can facilitate generating and displaying 3-D holographic images (e.g., full-parallax 3-D Fresnel holographic images) of a real or synthetic 3-D object scene (e.g., at video rate, in real-time or at least near real-time) on relatively low-resolution display devices (e.g., a low-resolution SLM or LCoS display device having a dot-pitch greater than 10 microns, such as, for example, approximately 20 microns). For example, the HGC can facilitate generating 3-D holograms that can be at a resolution of 2400 dpi, which can correspond to approximately 10 microns. The hologram management component can facilitate desirably generating and displaying (e.g., at video rate, in real-time or at least near real-time) the 3-D holograms having 2400 dpi resolution on a low-resolution SLM or LCoS display device that can have a resolution of 1200 dpi, which can correspond to approximately 20 microns, while desirably maintaining (e.g., preserving), to relatively high degree, the quality (e.g., visual quality) and resolution of the original higher-resolution 3-D hologram.

[0046] To facilitate generating and displaying holograms of desirable quality and resolution on lower-resolution display devices, the hologram management component can downsample the digital 3-D hologram, based at least in part on a defined downsampling factor (e.g., a downsampling factor of 2 or another desired downsampling factor, which can be a real or integer number) and a fix, jitter downsampling lattice (e.g., by applying regular grid jittered downsampling (RGJD) to the digital hologram), to generate the downsampled hologram. The hologram management component can interpolate, employing pixel duplication, the downsampled hologram to generate a low-resolution 3-D hologram (e.g., a 3-D hologram (e.g., 1200 dpi hologram) that can have a lower resolution than the original 3-D hologram (e.g., 2400 dpi hologram)) that can be displayed using a low-resolution display device (e.g., a low-resolution SLM or LCoS display device).

[0047] In accordance with various implemenations, the hologram management component, display component, or another component can generate a grating (e.g., a binary grating) based at least in part on the same fix, jitter downsampling lattice that is used to downsample the hologram. The hologram management component, display component, or another component can overlay the grating on the display screen(s) of the low-resolution display device. When the low-resolution 3-D hologram is being displayed by the low-resolution device, the low-resolution 3-D hologram can be integrated with the grating. The integration of the grating and low-resolution 3-D hologram can facilitate producing and displaying, on the low-resolution display device, 3-D holographic images (e.g., full-parallax 3-D Fresnel holographic images) that can have the resolution, to a desirably good approximation, of the original 3-D hologram.

[0048] In accordance with various implementations, the hologram management component, display component, or another component can generate or derive the downsampling lattice and/or the corresponding grating during an off-line process or at or near the time of processing the holograms for display on a low-resolution display device. In some

implementations, the downsampling lattice can be a universal downsampling lattice and/or the corresponding grating can be a universal grating that the HGC and low-resolution display device can apply to any desired hologram being processed. In other implementations, as desired, a particular downsampling lattice and/or a particular corresponding grating can be unique to a particular hologram or type of hologram.

[0049] With further regard to the low-resolution display device, the low-resolution display device can be electronically accessible. In some implementations, the low-resolution display device can comprise a single real binary display unit, wherein each pixel on the display screen of the binary display unit can be transparent or opaque. In other implementations, the low-resolution display device can comprise a pair of binary display units, wherein one binary display unit can display the real part of the hologram and the other binary display unit can display the imaginary part of the hologram. The pair of binary display units can be combined or integrated using an optical means. Each pixel on the display screens of the pair of binary display units can be transparent or opaque.

[0050] In still other implementations, the low-resolution display device can comprise a single discrete, multi-level display unit, wherein each pixel can be set to a desired

transparency level of a set of allowable transparency levels ranging from transparent to one or more partially opaque levels to opaque. In yet other implementations, the low-resolution display device can comprise a pair of discrete, multi-level display units, wherein one multilevel display unit can display the real part of the hologram and the other multi-level display unit can display the imaginary part of the hologram. Each pixel of the pair of multi-level display units can be set to a desired transparency level of a set of allowable transparency levels ranging from transparent to one or more partially opaque levels to opaque.

[0051] The digital hologram also can be displayed with a single static media, such as a photographic film or a printout, comprising information relating to the digital hologram. The digital hologram also can be displayed with a pair of static media (e.g., photographic film or a printout), wherein the pair of static media can display the real and imaginary parts of the hologram.

[0052] Turning to FIG. 1, illustrated is a block diagram of an example system 100 that can efficiently and quickly (e.g., in real time or at least near real time) generate a three- dimensional (3-D) hologram(s) (e.g., full-parallax 3-D Fresnel hologram(s)) of a real or synthetic 3-D object scene(s) and display the 3-D holographic images on a relatively low- resolution display component in accordance with various aspects and embodiments of the disclosed subject matter. In an aspect, the system 100 can include a holographic generator component (HGC) 102 that can desirably generate a hologram (e.g., a hologram of a sequence of 3-D holographic images) that can represent a 3-D object scene (e.g., real or computer-synthesized 3-D object scene) from multiple different viewing perspectives that can correspond to multiple different viewing perspectives of the original 3-D object scene. The hologram can be used to generate, reconstruct, or reproduce 3-D holographic images for display to one or more viewers, wherein the 3-D holographic images can represent or recreate the original 3-D object scene from multiple visual perspectives.

[0053] In some embodiments, the HGC 102 and/or other components (e.g., display component 104) of the system 100 can be part of a multiple-view aerial holographic projection system (MVAHPS) that can generate and display a 3-D holographic image(s) of a 3-D real or synthetic, static or animated, object scene viewable from multiple perspectives (e.g., multiple angles in relation to the 3-D object scene), wherein the 3-D holographic image can be viewed, for example, as a 3-D image floating in mid-air in a desired display area (e.g., 3-D chamber). The HGC 102 and display component 104 (e.g., a SLM or LCoS display device, which can be a relatively lower-resolution display device) can facilitate generating and displaying holograms at video rate in real time or near real time (e.g., facilitate generating and displaying, for example, a 2048x2048 pixel hologram, which can represent 4 million object points, at approximately 40 frames per second or faster in real time or near real time).

[0054] The HGC 102 can receive (e.g., obtain) a real 3-D object scene (e.g., captured 3-D object scene), or can generate or receive a synthetic 3-D object scene (e.g., computer generated 3-D object scene). In some implementations, the HGC 102 can generate or receive a computer generated 3-D object scene that can be realized (e.g., generated) using numerical means without the presence of a physical or real-world 3-D object scene. Based at least in part on the real or synthetic 3-D object scene, the HGC 102 can generate holograms, wherein the generated holograms (e.g., full-parallax 3-D Fresnel holographic images) can represent or recreate the original 3-D object scene from multiple visual perspectives (e.g., multiple viewing angles).

[0055] In some implementations, the HGC 102 can generate model data that can represent the 3-D object scene from a desired number of viewing perspectives, based at least in part on received or generated information regarding the original 3-D object scene from multiple visual perspectives. The HGC 102 also can convert the model data to generate digital holographic data for the 3-D hologram that can be used to facilitate generating and displaying 3-D holographic images that can represent or recreate the original 3-D object scene from multiple visual perspectives.

[0056] The HGC 102 can employ any of a variety of techniques or processes to facilitate generating 3-D holograms of a 3-D object scene at video rate (e.g., approximately 30 frames per second) or faster or in real or near real time. For instance, in some implementations, the HGC 102 can generate holograms, such as digital mask programmable holograms (DMPHs) that can be different from the classical digital Fresnel holograms. A DMPH can mimic a high-resolution hologram, but also can be displayed using display devices that can have considerably lower resolution. The HGC 102 can produce a DMPH by the superposition of two images. For instance, the HGC 102 can produce a DMPH that can comprise a static, high-resolution grating (e.g., a static high-resolution image) and a lower-resolution mask (e.g., a lower-resolution image), wherein the lower-resolution mask can be overlaid onto or superpositioned with the high-resolution grating. The HGC 102 can generate a DMPH such that the reconstructed holographic image of the DMPH can be programmed to approximate a target image (e.g., planar target image), including both intensity and depth information, by configuring the pattern of the mask. Employing such fast hologram techniques relating to DMPHs, the HGC 102 and display component 104 can facilitate generating and displaying holograms at video rate in real or near time (e.g., facilitate generating and displaying, for example, a 2048x2048 pixel hologram, which can represent 4 million object points, at 40 frames per second or faster in real or near real time).

[0057] In certain implementations, the HGC 102 can facilitate quickly generating (e.g., at video rate of faster) holograms in part, for example, by downsampling information

representing an object scene by a defined factor, generating an intermediate object wavefront recording plane (WRP) or an interpolative wavefront recording plane (IWRP) for a 3-D image of a 3-D object scene and/or using a look-up table(s) to store wavefront patterns of square regions of the 3-D image, and further processing (e.g., expanding, interpolating, etc.) the WRP or IWRP to facilitate generating holographic images that can represent the original object scene. Employing such fast hologram generation techniques or processes, the HGC 102 can facilitate generating a hologram (e.g., a 2048x2048 pixel hologram, which can represent 4 million object points) at 40 frames per second or better. The HGC 102 can efficiently generate full-parallax 3-D Fresnel holograms that can represent less than 4 million object points, 4 million object points, or more than 4 million object points, at less than 40 frames per second, 40 frames per second, or more than 40 frames per second. The fast hologram generation techniques or processes, as disclosed herein, are merely a few of a number of fast hologram generation techniques or processes that can be employed to facilitate generating and displaying a hologram (e.g., a 2048x2048 pixel hologram, which can represent 4 million object points) at 40 frames per second or faster in real or near real time.

[0058] In some implementations, the HGC 102 also can facilitate processing 3-D holograms (e.g., holograms generated at video rate or faster) to produce low-resolution 3-D holograms that can be displayed on the display component 104, which can be a relatively low-resolution display device, while preserving to a desirably high degree, the resolution and quality of the original higher-resolution 3-D holograms. The HGC 102 can comprise a hologram management component 106 that can facilitate generating and displaying lower- resolution 3-D holographic images (e.g., full-parallax 3-D Fresnel holographic images) of a real or synthetic 3-D object scene (e.g., at video rate (e.g., 30 frames per second or a faster rate), in real-time or at least near real-time) on the display component 104 (e.g., a low- resolution SLM or LCoS display device having a dot-pitch greater than 10 microns, such as, for example, approximately 20 microns). For example, the HGC 102 can facilitate generating 3-D holograms that can be at a higher resolution (e.g., 2400 dpi, which can correspond to approximately 10 microns). The hologram management component 106 can facilitate desirably generating and displaying (e.g., at video rate, in real-time or at least near real-time) lower-resolution 3-D holograms on the display component 104 (e.g., which can have a resolution of 1200 dpi, corresponding to approximately 20 microns), while desirably maintaining, to relatively high degree, the quality and resolution (e.g., approximately 2400 dpi) of the original higher-resolution 3-D holograms in the 3-D holographic images displayed by the display component 104.

[0059] To facilitate generating and displaying holograms of desirable quality and resolution on lower-resolution display devices, the hologram management component 106 can downsample a digital 3-D hologram, based at least in part on a defined downsampling factor (e.g., a downsampling factor of 2 or another desired downsampling factor) and a

downsampling lattice component (e.g., by applying the downsampling lattice component having a defined downsample factor to the digital 3-D hologram), wherein the downsampling lattice component can be or can comprise a fix, jitter downsampling lattice (e.g., an RGJD lattice), to facilitate generating the downsampled 3-D hologram. For example, the hologram management component 106 can apply the downsampling lattice component having the defined downsampling factor to the 3-D hologram to facilitate generating the downsampled 3-D hologram. The hologram management component 106 can interpolate, for example, employing pixel duplication, the downsampled 3-D hologram to generate a low-resolution 3- D hologram (e.g., a 3-D hologram (e.g., 1200 dpi hologram) that can have a lower resolution than the original 3-D hologram (e.g., 2400 dpi hologram)), wherein the low-resolution 3-D hologram can be displayed using the display component 104 (e.g., a low-resolution SLM or LCoS display device).

[0060] In accordance with various implemenations, the HGC 102, hologram management component 106, display component 104, or another component can generate a grating component 108 (e.g., a binary grating) based at least in part on the corresponding

downsampling lattice component (e.g., based at least in part on the same fix, jitter downsampling lattice) that is used to downsample the hologram. The HGC 102, hologram management component 106, display component 104, or another component can overlay the grating component 108 on the display screen(s) 110 of the display component 104 (e.g., a low-resolution display device). When the low-resolution 3-D hologram is being displayed by the display component 104, the low-resolution 3-D hologram can be integrated with the grating component 108. The integration of the grating component 108 and the low-resolution 3-D hologram can facilitate producing, reconstructing, and displaying, on the display component 104, 3-D holographic images (e.g., full-parallax 3-D Fresnel holographic images) that can have (e.g., that can preserve) the quality (e.g., visual quality) and resolution, to a desirably good approximation, of the original 3-D hologram.

[0061] In accordance with various implementations, the HGC 102, hologram management component 106, display component 104, or another component can generate or derive the downsampling lattice component and/or the corresponding grating component 108 using an off-line process or using an online process at or near the time of processing the holograms for display on the display component 104. In some implementations, the downsampling lattice component can be or can comprise a universal downsampling lattice and/or the corresponding grating component 108 can be or can comprise a universal grating that the HGC 102 and display component 104 can apply to any desired hologram being processed. In other implementations, as desired, a particular downsampling lattice component and/or a particular corresponding grating component can be unique to a particular hologram or type of hologram.

[0062] With further regard to the display component 104, the display component 104 can be electronically accessible. The HGC 102 can be associated with (e.g., communicatively connected to) the the display component 104 and can provide (e.g., communicate) the 3-D hologram (e.g., the low-resolution 3-D hologram, which has been downsampled and interpolated), for example, at video rate (e.g., 30 frames per second or a faster rate) in real or near real time. In some implementations, the 3-D hologram can be on recorded media (e.g., 2-D media, such as film), and the HGC 102 can provide the 3-D hologram via the recorded media, as disclosed herein.

[0063] The display component 104 can generate, reconstruct, or reproduce 3-D holographic images (e.g., full-parallax 3-D Fresnel holographic images) that can represent or recreate the original 3-D object scene, based at least in part on the 3-D hologram and the grating component 108, and can present (e.g., display) the 3-D holographic images for viewing by one or more viewers from various visual perspectives. In some implementations, the HGC 102, the display component 104, and the grating component 108 can operate in conjunction with each other to facilitate generating, reconstructing, or reproducing the 3-D holographic images that can represent or recreate the original 3-D object scene, based at least in part on the 3-D hologram and the grating component, for presentation, by the display component 104.

[0064] The display component 104 can include one or more display units (e.g., one or more electronically accessible display units, wherein each pixel of a display unit(s) can be electronically accessible). In some implementations, each display unit can be a low- resolution display device, such as a low-resolution LCD or low-resolution SLM. For example, each display unit can have a dot-pitch that can be at least one order of magnitude higher than the wavelength of visible light. In other implementations, the display component 104 can comprise one or more of LCoS displays, high-resolution LCDs, autostereoscopic displays (e.g., multiple-section autostereoscopic displays (MSADs)), holographic 3-D television (TV) displays, high-resolution SLMs, or other desired displays suitable for displaying holographic images (e.g., 3-D Fresnel holographic images), to facilitate displaying (e.g., real time displaying) of holographic images.

[0065] In some implementations, the display component 104 can comprise a single real binary display unit, wherein the binary display unit can display each pixel as being

transparent or opaque on the display screen 110. In other implementations, the display component 104 can comprise a pair of binary display units, wherein one binary display unit can display the real part of the hologram and the other binary display unit can display the imaginary part of the hologram. The pair of binary display units can be combined or integrated using an optical means. Each of the pair of binary display units can display each pixel as being transparent or opaque on the respective display screens 110.

[0066] In still other implementations, the display component 104 can comprise a single discrete, multi-level display unit that can display each pixel at a respective transparency level of a set of allowable transparency levels ranging from transparent to one or more partially opaque levels to opaque. In yet other implementations, the display component 104 can comprise a pair of discrete, multi-level display units, wherein one multi-level display unit can display the real part of the hologram and the other multi-level display unit can display the imaginary part of the hologram. Each multi-level display unit can display each pixel at a respective transparency level of a set of allowable transparency levels ranging from transparent to one or more partially opaque levels to opaque.

[0067] Additionally and/or alternatively, if desired, a hologram can be produced (e.g., by the HGC 102 or another component) onto a desired material (e.g., onto film using

photographic techniques) so that there is a hard copy of the hologram that can be used to reproduce the 3-D holographic images at a desired time. In some implementations, the HGC 102 can generate the digital hologram (e.g., the low-resolution hologram) using a single static media, such as a photographic film or a printout, comprising information relating to the digital hologram. The display component 104 can display holographic images that can be reconstructed based at least in part on the hologram, wherein the static media can facilitate displaying the real part of the hologram. In other implementations, the HGC 102 can generate the digital hologram using a multiple (e.g., a pair) of static media (e.g., photographic film or printouts), and the display component 104 can display holographic images that can be reconstructed based at least in part on the hologram, wherein one static media (e.g., comprising information relating to the real part of the hologram) can facilitate displaying the real part of the hologram and another static media (e.g., comprising information relating to the imaginary part of the hologram) can facilitate displaying the imaginary part of the hologram.

[0068] It is to be appreciated and understood that the holographic output (e.g., 3-D hologram and/or corresponding 3-D holographic images) can be communicated over wired or wireless communication channels to the display component 104 or other display components (e.g., remote display components, such as a 3-D TV display) to facilitate generation (e.g., reconstruction, reproduction) and display of the 3-D holographic images of the 3-D object scene) so that the 3-D holographic images can be presented to desired observers.

[0069] The system 100 and/or other systems, methods, devices, processes, techniques, etc., of the disclosed subject matter can be employed in any of a number of different applications. Such applications can include, for example, a 3-D holographic video system, desktop ornaments, attractions in theme parks, educational applications or purposes, a holographic studio, scientific research, live stage or concerts, etc.

[0070] Further aspects and embodiments of the disclosed subject matter are described herein with regard to the other figures (along with FIG. 1). Referring to FIG. 2 (along with FIG. 1), FIG. 2 depicts a block diagram of an example multi-stage process 200 for generating a low-resolution 3-D hologram from a higher-resolution 3-D hologram, and using the low-resolution 3-D hologram and a high-resolution grating to facilitate desirably displaying 3-D holographic images, based at least in part on the lower-resolution 3-D

hologram and grating, in accordance with various aspects and embodiments of the disclosed subject matter. The processing of 3-D holograms to produce lower-resolution 3-D holograms can comprise 3 stages, for example. A first stage (e.g., a downsampling stage), a second stage (e.g., an interpolation stage), and a third stage (e.g., a stage that integrates an overlaid grating with low-resolution hologram). The multi-stage process 200, can be performed by the HGC 102, hologram management component 106, display component 104, or another component by performing a negligible amount of computation, and the multi-stage process 200 can be performed with virtually any hologram without regard to the size and content of the hologram (e..g, the multi-stage process 200 is not restricted by the size and content of the hologram). As a result, the multi-stage process 200 can be employed to quickly and efficiently generate and display 3-D holographic images derived from a lower-resolution hologram that can be displayed on the display component 104 (e.g., a low-resolution display device), while preserving to a desirably high degree the quality and resolution of the original higher-resolution 3-D hologram.

[0071] In the first stage, as illustrated at reference numeral 202, the hologram management component 106 can downsample a higher-resolution digital 3-D hologram H(x, received or generated by the HGC 102 to generate a downsampled 3-D hologram H_j [x,y) . In accordance with various implementations, the value of the hologram pixels of the higher- resolution digital 3-D hologram H(x,y) and/or the downsampled 3-D hologram H, (x,y) can be normalized (e.g., by the hologram management component 106) to a desired or given range, such as, for example, a range of 0 volts to a defined maximum voltage (Vmax) ([0,Vmax]).

[0072] In some implementations, as part of the downsampling process, the hologram management component 106 can apply a downsampling lattice component, which can be a fix, jitter downsampling lattice, such as an RGJD lattice G{x,y , to the higher-resolution digital 3-D hologram H(x,y^{^}) received or generated by the HGC 102 to facilitate generating the downsampled 3-D hologram H_j [x,y]■ In RGJD, the sampling instance of a regular lattice can be shifted to a random position within a sampling interval (a process commonly referred to as jittering). The application of the RGJD lattice to the hologram can result in significant reduction in aliasing errors if the jitters are uncorrected to the signal, which can thereby preserve the basic composition of the signal spectrum. It is noted that high frequency contents may be attenuated, and uniform noise may be imposed on the sampled signal.

[0073] To illustrate one of the advantages of using RGJD, a one-dimensional discrete signal S (x) , bandlimited to O _S 12 , that is sampled with the Nyquist frequency 0)_S

radians/second (rads/sec) can be employed. Referring briefly to FIG. 3 (along with FIGs. 1 and 2), FIG. 3 illustrates a diagram of an example graph 300 that depicts the magnitude of the frequency spectrum ^(^)] (normalized to the range [0, 1] ) of the one-dimensional discrete signal s (x) . The latter displays a typical plot of the spectrum of a digital signal, which is limited to the range [0, Cb_s 12] .

[0074] A signal S_r (x) can be generated by down-sampling s (x) uniformly with a factor of 2. Referring briefly to FIG. 4 (along with FIGs. 1 and 2), FIG. 4 presents a diagram of an example graph 400 that depicts the magnitude frequency spectrum (#/)| of the

downsampled signal of the one-dimensional discrete signal ^ (x) , wherein the downsampled signal has been downsampled by a factor of 2 based at least in part on a uniform

downsampling lattice. As can be seen in the graph 400, the magnitude frequency spectrum (& )| of the downsampled signal shows relatively heavy distortion caused by the aliasing error. [0075] The RGJD lattice can be applied on S (x) with a down-sampling factor of 2, which can result in a signal S_d (x) given by s (x) (sample point) x = 2m + z_l

s w = > (1)

0 otherwise where m is a positive integer and T_x is a random number that is 0≤ T_l < 2. Referring briefly to FIG. 5 (along with FIGs. 1 and 2), FIG. 5 illustrates a diagram of an example graph 500 that depicts the magnitude frequency spectrum of the downsampled signal S_d (x) of the one-dimensional discrete signal s{x) , wherein the downsampled signal has been downsampled by a factor of 2 based at least in part on the RGJD lattice. It can be observed that apart from mild attenuation at the high frequency end and some noisy fluctuation, the frequency spectrum is relatively similar to that of the original signal.

[0076] The 1-D RGJD can be extended to downsample a 2-D hologram. The hologram can be uniformly partitioned into non-overlapping square blocks of size kxk pixels, where k is the sampling interval. Within each block, a single pixel can be sampled at random, while the remaining pixels can be set to 0 (e.g., opaque). Mathematically, this process can be represented by multiplying the hologram H(x, with an RGJD lattice G(x,y) given by

As shall be demonstrated herein, the reconstructed image of a jittered downsampled hologram (e.g., derived from applying a downsampling lattice component comprising an RGJD lattice to the original hologram) can be similar to the reconstructed image obtained with the original hologram.

[0077] With further regard to FIGs. 1 and 2, in the second stage, as illustrated at reference numeral 204, the hologram management component 106 can generate or derive an interpolated image

by filling the blanked pixels in each block of H_j x,yj with the value of the sampled pixel (e.g., interpolation by pixel duplication). M {x, yj can be composed of non-overlapping kx k square blocks, wherein each block can have a homogeneous intensity that can be equal to the value of the sampled pixel in H_j (x, v) . Each block can be taken as a pixel in M (x, y) with a dimension that is k times larger than that of the pixel in H_j [x,yj along both the horizontal and the vertical directions. In other words, the effective resolution of M (x, y) can be only / ^x _k th of the resolution of the original hologram, and the interpolated low- resolution hologram M (x, yj can be displayed with a display device (e.g., 104) of relatively lower resolution.

[0078] In the third stage, as illustrated at reference numeral 206, it is noted that H_j (x, y can be obtained with the product of M (x,yj and G {x,yj as H_j (x,y) = M(x,y) G (x,y) . (4) As such, the jittered downsampled hologram H_j x,yj can be realized by overlaying the grating component 108, G(x, yj , onto the low-resolution hologram M (x, yj . The HGC

102, hologram management component 106, display component 104, or another component can generate the grating component 108 and/or can overlay the grating component 108 on the display screen 110 of the display component 104.

[0079] To further clarify the third stage of the multi-stage process 200, FIGs. 6, 7, 8, and 9 depict various aspects of the disclosed subject matter. FIG. 6 illustrates a diagram of an example hologram 600, in accordance with various aspects and embodiments of the disclosed subject matter. The hologram 600 can be a small 4 x 4 pixel hologram H(x,yj , for example.

[0080] FIG. 7 presents a diagram of an example image 700 that can be or represent the RGJD lattice and corresponding grating image (e.g., of the grating component), in accordance with various aspects and embodiments of the disclosed subject matter. The grating image

700, G(x, yj , can correspond to the RGJD lattice, which can have a sampling interval k = 2. In the grating image 700, G (x, yj , sampled pixels (with value Ί ') can be shaded in white and non-sampled pixels (with value 'Ο') can be shaded in black. That is, the grating image 700 (e.g., grating component), G{x,y , can be transparent at the sample points (e.g., sampled pixels) and opaque in the remaining areas (e.g., for the non-sampled pixels). In some implementations, for the opaque areas of the grating image 700, the grating image 700 can reflect a uniform, or at least substantially uniform, amount of illumination with an intensity of approximately Vmax/2 (e.g., in response to a beam of light being applied to the grating image 700 (e.g., grating component)), wherein, as disclosed, the value of the hologram pixels of the hologram can be normalized (e.g., by the hologram management component 106) to a desired or given range of 0 volts to Vmax.

[0081] FIG. 8 depicts a diagram of an example downsampled hologram 800, in accordance with various aspects and embodiments of the disclosed subject matter. The hologram management component 106 can generate or derive the downsampled hologram 800,

H_j (x,y) , by determining (e.g., calculating) the product of G{x,y} and H(x, y , for example, using Equation (3).

[0082] FIG. 9 illustrates a diagram of an example downsampled, interpolated hologram 900 (e.g., a low-resolution hologram), in accordance with various aspects and embodiments of the disclosed subject matter. The hologram management component 106 can generate or derive the downsampled, interpolated hologram 900, M {x, yj , by duplicating the sampled values in G (x, y within each k X k square block. It can be seen that the jittered downsampled hologram H_j (x,y) can be obtained through the product of H(x,y^) and G{x,y} (e.g., using Equation (3)) or equivalently through the product of M[x, y) and G(x,y (e.g., using Equation (4)).

[0083] The result of using the disclosed multi-stage process 200 can be as follows.

M(x,y), being the low-resolution version of the hologram, which has been downsampled and interpolated, can be displayed on the display component 104 (e.g., a low-resolution SLM or LCoS display device). The HGC 102, hologram management component 106, display component 104, or another component can overlay or place the grating component 108 (e.g.,

RGJD grating G{x,y} ) on, against (e.g., immediately against), or in proximity to the display screen 110 of the display component 104 to facilitate desirably displaying 3-D holographic images by the display component 104, wherein the grating component 108 can have the same resolution (e.g., a higher resolution), or at least substantially the same resolution, as the original hologram (e.g., the original higher-resolution hologram). Due in part to the integration of the low-resolution version of the hologram with the grating component 108 (e.g., the high-resolution grating component) by the display component 104 and associated (e.g., overlaid) grating component 108, the display component 104 can facilitate producing, reconstructing, and presenting reconstructed holographic images that can have the same or substantially the same resolution as that obtained from the original hologram, wherein the reconstructed holographic images can be of desirable quality (e.g., the reconstructed holographic images presented via the display component 104 and associated overlaid grating component 108 can be a good approximation of the resolution and quality of the original higher-resolution 3-D hologram).

[0084] As disclosed herein, the grating component 108 can be reflective, wherein, for the opaque areas (e.g., the non-sampled points or pixels) of the grating component 108, the grating component 108 can reflect a uniform, or at least a substantially uniform, amount of illumination with an intensity of approximately Vmax/2. In some implementations, a display screen(s) of the display component 104 can be reflective, wherein the display component 104 (or another component associated therewith) can apply a single coherent beam to the display screen of the display component 104 and the grating component 108 overlaid on the display screen to facilitate illuminating both the display screen of the display component 104 and the grating component 108. In other implementations, a display screen(s) of the display component 104 can be transparent, wherein the display component 104 (or another component(s) associated therewith) can apply a coherent beam to the back of the display screen of the display component 104 to facilitate illuminating the display screen of the display component 104, and the display component 104 (or another component(s) associated therewith) also can use a beam splitter component to split the coherent beam to facilitate applying the coherent beam (as facilitated by the beam splitter component) to the grating component 108 from the front (e.g., from the front side of the display screen of the display component 104 on which the grating component 108 can be overlaid).

[0085] Experimental results from generating and displaying holograms for display on low- resolution display devices using the disclosed multi-stage process illustrate that the disclosed multi-stage process can be used to generate and display holograms on low-resolution display devices, wherein the holographic images reconstructed using the low-resolution hologram can have a quality and resolution that can be a desirably good approximation of the quality and resolution of the original 3-D hologram. The disclosed multi-stage process was evaluated with an off-axis digital hologram H x, yj representing the planar image 1000, shown in FIG. 10. The image 1000 is parallel to the hologram, and the hologram is generated based on the optical setting in Table I.

Table I. Optical setting of the Fresnel hologram

[0086] The hologram was input into a holographic display device that is modified from the Sony Bravio projector. The projector was composed of 3 LCoS devices, each displaying a primary color, and having a pixel size of 7 ΓΓ1 X 7 ΓΓ1. Upon illumination by a white light- emitting diode (LED) source, an image 1 100 that represents the original source image 1000 of FIG. 10 was optically reconstructed at the focal plane, with the reconstructed image 1 100 being presented in FIG. 11. It can be seen that the reconstructed image 1 100 in FIG. 1 1 is a good recovery of the original image 1000 in FIG. 10.

[0087] A simulation also was performed of the outcome when the hologram is displayed with a device of a relatively coarser resolution, having a pixel size of 14//mx l4//m. This was accomplished by downsampling the hologram with a factor of 2 along both the horizontal and vertical directions by applying a uniform sampling lattice, so that effective pixel separation is 14 ΓΓ1 X 14 ΓΓ1. The reconstructed image 1200 (e.g., optically reconstructed image) of that decimated (e.g., downsampled) hologram is shown in FIG. 12. As can be observed, due to the reduction of the hologram resolution of the hologram, the quality of the reconstructed image 1200 is very poor.

[0088] To evaluate the disclosed multi-stage process, an RGJD lattice was applied (e.g., using Eq. (3)) to downsample the hologram H(x, y with a down-sampling factor of 2. The

RGJD lattice G {x,y} was taken as the high-resolution binary grating. Subsequently, the downsampled hologram, denoted by H ₇ (x,y) , was interpolated, using pixel duplication, to a lower-resolution hologram M (x, y) . With a factor of 2, the effective pixel size of M(x,y) was 14 jU X 14 jU . In accordance with the disclosed subj ect matter, H_j ( x, y} can be realized by overlaying the binary grating G [x,y) onto the low-resolution hologram M (x, y . Hence, evaluating H_j (x, y can be equivalent to the evaluation of the integration of G(x,y) and M (x,y) - The optical reconstructed image 1300 of H_j [x,y} is shown in FIG. 13. It can be observed that, apart from some noise contamination and blurring, the reconstructed image 1300 is similar to that from the original hologram 1100 (e.g., original high-resolution reconstructed image 1100) of FIG. 11. A similar test was performed by applying the RGJD lattice on the hologram 1100 of FIG. 11 with a

downsampling factor of 3, which thereby increased the effective pixel size to

21 ffll X 21/ffll . The reconstructed image 1400 is shown in FIG. 14. As can be seen in

FIG. 14, the quality of the optically reconstructed image 1400 is still of acceptable quality and resolution, although it can be seen that the noise contamination has become more prominent than the noise contamination observed in the reconstructed image 1300 of FIG. 13.

[0089] FIG. 15 illustrates a block diagram of an example system 1500 for generating a lattice component and a grating component (e.g., a high-resolution binary grating) that can facilitate generation and use of a low-resolution hologram of an original high-resolution hologram of an object scene to facilitate displaying holographic images that can represent the original high-resolution hologram, in accordance with various aspects and embodiments of the disclosed subject matter. The original hologram (e.g., full parallax 3-D Fresnel hologram) can be a higher-resolution hologram that typically is only suitable for use with high- resolution display devices. The low-resolution hologram (e.g., full parallax low-resolution 3- D Fresnel hologram) can be a low-resolution version of the original hologram, wherein reconstructed holographic images produced using the low-resolution (e.g., via a grating component) can be of desirable quality (e.g., the reconstructed holographic images can be a good approximation of the resolution and quality of the original higher-resolution 3-D hologram), as more fully disclosed herein.

[0090] In some implementations, the system 1500 can comprise an HGC 1502 that can desirably generate a hologram (e.g., a hologram of a sequence of 3-D holographic images) that can represent a 3-D object scene (e.g., real or computer-synthesized 3-D object scene) from multiple different viewing perspectives that can correspond to multiple different viewing perspectives of the original 3-D object scene. The hologram can be used to generate, reconstruct, or reproduce 3-D holographic images for display to one or more viewers, wherein the 3-D holographic images can represent or recreate the original 3-D object scene from multiple visual perspectives. In some implementations, the HGC 1502 can generate a higher-resolution hologram of an object scene, and, for example, employing a hologram management component 1504, can apply the disclosed multi-stage process to generate a lower-resolution hologram representative of the higher-resolution hologram, wherein the lower-resolution can be used to facilitate displaying holographic images on the display component 1506, in accordance with various aspects and embodiments of the disclosed subject matter.

[0091] The system 1500 can comprise a lattice generator component 1508 that can generate or derive a downsampling lattice component 1510. For instance, the lattice generator component 1508 can generate a downsampling lattice component 1510, which can be or can comprise a fix, jitter downsample lattice having a defined downsampling factor. The fix, jitter downsample lattice can be an RGJD lattice, for example.

[0092] The lattice generator component 1508 can generate or derive the downsampling lattice component 1510 during an off-line process or can generate or derive the

downsampling lattice component 1510 at or near the time of processing holograms for display on the display component 1506. In some implementations, the downsampling lattice component 1510 can be or can comprise a universal downsampling lattice that the HGC 1502 can apply to any desired hologram (e.g., high-resolution hologram) being processed. In other implementations, as desired, a particular downsampling lattice component can be unique to a particular hologram or type of hologram. In accordance with various implementations and embodiments, the lattice generator component 1508 can be a standalone unit, can be part of the HGC 1502 (e.g., part of the hologram management component 1504), can be part of the display component 1506, or can be part of another component or device, or a combination thereof (e.g., sub-components of the lattice generator component 1508 can distributed among more than one component).

[0093] The system 1500 also can comprise a grating generator component 1512 that can be used to generate a grating component 1514 and/or to apply or overlay the grating component 1514 to or on a display screen of the display component 1506. For instance, the grating generator component 1512 can generate a grating component 1514 that can be or can comprise a binary grating, such as a high-resolution binary grating that can have the same resolution as the original high-resolution hologram). [0094] The grating generator component 1512 can generate or derive the grating component 1514 during an off-line process or can generate or derive the grating component 1514 at or near the time of processing holograms for display on the display component 1506. In some implementations, the grating component 1514 can be or can comprise a universal grating that can be overlaid on a display screen of the display component 1506 to facilitate application of or integration of the grating to or with any desired hologram (e.g., low- resolution hologram) being processed for display by the display component 1506. In other implementations, as desired, a particular grating component can be unique to a particular hologram or type of hologram. In accordance with various implementations and

embodiments, the grating generator component 1512 can be a standalone unit, can be part of the HGC 1502 (e.g., part of the hologram management component 1504), can be part of the display component 1506, or can be part of another component or device, or a combination thereof (e.g., sub-components of the grating generator component 1512 can distributed among more than one component).

[0095] FIG. 16 illustrates a block diagram of an example HGC 1600 that can efficiently generate (e.g., in real or at least near real time) a 3-D hologram(s) (e.g., a full parallax 3-D Fresnel hologram(s)) of a real or synthetic 3-D object scene(s), in accordance with various aspects and implementations of the disclosed subject matter. The HGC 1600 can include a communicator component 1602 that can be used to communicate (e.g., transmit, receive) information between the HGC 1600 and other components (e.g., display component(s), scene capture device(s), processor component(s), user interface(s), data store(s), etc.). The information can include, for example, a real or synthetic 3-D object scene, holograms or holographic images, information relating defined hologram generation criterion(s), information relation to an algorithm(s) that can facilitate generation of holograms or holographic images, etc.

[0096] The HGC 1600 can comprise an aggregator component 1604 that can aggregate data received (e.g., obtained) from various entities (e.g., scene capture device(s), display component(s), processor component(s), user interface(s), data store(s), etc.). The aggregator component 1604 can correlate respective items of data based at least in part on type of data, source of the data, time or date the data was generated or received, object point with which data is associated, pixel with which a transparency level is associated, visual perspective with which data is associated, etc., to facilitate processing of the data (e.g., analyzing of the data by the analyzer component 1606). [0097] The analyzer component 1606 can analyze data to facilitate generating a hologram (e.g., a higher-resolution hologram, or a lower-resolution hologram based at least in part on the higher-resolution hologram) associated with an object scene (e.g., 3-D object scene), downsampling a higher-resolution hologram to facilitate generating a lower-resolution hologram, interpolating a downsampled hologram to facilitate generating a lower-resolution hologram, determining a downsampling factor or a type of downsampling lattice component to apply to a higher-resolution hologram to downsample the higher-resolution hologram, determining a grating component to overlay on a display screen of a display component, generating a grating component, generating a downsampling lattice component, and/or identifying elements (e.g., object points, features, etc.) of a 3-D object scene to facilitate generating a hologram, etc., and can generate analysis results, based at least in part on the data analysis. Based at least in part on the results of this analysis, the HGC 1600 (e.g., using the hologram management component 1608) can generate a hologram based at least in part on an object scene, downsample a higher-resolution hologram to facilitate generating a lower-resolution hologram, interpolate a downsampled hologram to facilitate generating a lower-resolution hologram, determine a downsampling factor or a type of downsampling lattice component to apply to a higher-resolution hologram to downsample the higher- resolution hologram, determine a grating component to overlay on a display screen of a display component, generate a grating component, generate a downsampling lattice component, and/or identify elements (e.g., object points, features, etc.) of a 3-D object scene to facilitate generating a hologram, or perform other processes on data relating to holograms.

[0098] The HGC 1600 can include the hologram management component 1608 that can process a high-resolution hologram to generate a low-resolution hologram that can be displayed using a display component having low-resolution. In accordance with various aspects and embodiments, the hologram management component 1608 can downsample a higher-resolution hologram to facilitate generating a lower-resolution hologram, interpolate a downsampled hologram to facilitate generating a lower-resolution hologram, determine a downsampling factor or a type of downsampling lattice component to apply to a higher- resolution hologram to downsample the higher-resolution hologram, determine a grating component to overlay on a display screen of a display component, generate a grating component, and/or generate a downsampling lattice component,. In some implementations, the hologram management component 1608 can comprise, for example, a holographic controller component 1610, a calculator component 1612, a hologram generator component 1614, a downsampler component 1616, an interpolator component 1618, a lattice generator component 1620, and/or a grating generator component 1622.

[0099] The holographic controller component 1610 can control operations relating to processing and generating a hologram (e.g., full-parallax 3-D Fresnel holograms having respective level of resolution) and/or corresponding holographic images. The holographic controller component 1610 can facilitate controlling operations being performed by various components of the hologram management component 1608, controlling data flow between various components of the hologram management component 1608, controlling data flow between the hologram management component 1608 and other components of the HGC 1600, etc.

[00100] The calculator component 1612 can perform calculations on data (e.g., data with respective values), in accordance with various equations (e.g., mathematical expressions), to facilitate generating a hologram, downsampling a high-resolution hologram, interpolating a downsampled hologram to facilitate generating a low-resolution hologram, etc. The calculator component 1612 can facilitate calculating, for example, results for one or more equations relating to generating or processing (e.g., downsampling, interpolating, etc.) holograms, including the equations disclosed herein.

[00101] The hologram generator component 1614 can facilate generating a hologram that can represent an object scene at a desired rate (e.g., at video rate or a faster rate (e.g., up to approximately 40 frames per second or faster)), for example, using one or more of the fast hologram generation techniques, processes, or methods, as disclosed herein. The hologram generator component 1614 can facilitate processing a hologram (e.g., high-resolution hologram) to generate another hologram (e.g., low-resolution hologram) that can correspond to the hologram.

[00102] The downsampler component 1616 can downsample a hologram (e.g, higher- resolution hologram), based at least in part on a defined downsampling factor (e.g., a factor equal to 2 or 3, or another desired real or integer number greater than 1), to generate a downsampled hologram to facilitate generating a lower-resolution hologram. As part of the downsampling of the hologram, the downsampler component 1616 can facilitate applying downsampling lattice component to the hologram (e.g., applying downsampling lattice component to information relating to the hologram). The downsampling lattice component can be or can comprise a fix, jitter downsampling lattice, wherein the fix, jitter downsampling lattice can be an RGJD lattice, for example. [00103] The interpolator component 1618 can interpolate a downsampled hologram, based at least in part on an interpolation factor and/or interpolation process or technique, to facilitate generating a low-resolution hologram that can correspond to the original high- resolution hologram. In some implementations, the interpolator component 1618 can interpolate a downsampled hologram using pixel duplication to facilitate generating a low- resolution hologram. In other implementations, the interpolator component 1618 can use another interpolation process(es) and/or interpolation factor(s) to facilitate interpolating a downsampled hologram to facilitate generating a low-resolution hologram.

[00104] The lattice generator component 1620 can generate or derive a downsampling lattice component. For instance, the lattice generator component 1620 can generate a downsampling lattice component, which can be or can comprise a fix, jitter downsample lattice having a defined downsampling factor. The fix, jitter downsample lattice can be an RGJD lattice, for example. The lattice generator component 1620 can generate or derive the downsampling lattice component during an off-line process or can generate or derive the downsampling lattice component at or near the time of processing holograms for display on the display component. In some implementations, the downsampling lattice component can be or can comprise a universal downsampling lattice that the HGC 1600 can apply to any desired hologram (e.g., high-resolution hologram) being processed. In other implementations, as desired, a particular downsampling lattice component can be unique to a particular hologram or type of hologram.

[00105] The grating generator component 1622 can be used to generate a grating component and/or to apply or overlay the grating component to or on a display screen of a display component. For instance, the grating generator component 1622 can generate a grating component that can be or can comprise a binary grating, such as a high-resolution binary grating that can have the same resolution as the original high-resolution hologram). The grating generator component 1622 can generate or derive the grating component during an off-line process or can generate or derive the grating component at or near the time of processing holograms for display on the display component. In some implementations, the grating component can be or can comprise a universal grating that can be overlaid on a display screen of the display component to facilitate application of or integration of the grating to or with any desired hologram (e.g., low-resolution hologram) being processed for display by the display component. In other implementations, as desired, a particular grating component can be unique to a particular hologram or type of hologram. [00106] The HGC 1600 also can comprise a processor component 1624 that can operate in conjunction with the other components (e.g., communicator component 1602, aggregator component 1604, analyzer component 1606, hologram management component 1608, etc.) to facilitate performing the various functions of the HGC 1600. The processor component 1624 can employ one or more processors (e.g., central processing units (CPUs), GPUs, FPGAs, etc.), microprocessors, or controllers that can process data, such as information (e.g., visual information) relating to an object scene (e.g., 3-D object scene), holographic data, data relating to parameters associated with the HGC 1600 and associated components, etc., to facilitate generating holograms (e.g., full-parallax 3-D Fresnel holograms) and corresponding holographic images representative of a 3-D object scene; and can control data flow between the HGC 1600 and other components associated with the HGC 1600.

[00107] In yet another aspect, the HGC 1600 can contain a data store 1626 that can store data structures (e.g., user data, metadata); code structure(s) (e.g., modules, objects, classes, procedures), commands, or instructions; information relating to object points; information relating to (e.g., representative of) an object scene; model data; holographic data; information relating to generating a hologram, downsampling a hologram, interpolating a downsampled hologram, etc.; parameter data; algorithms (e.g., algorithm(s) relating to fast generation of holograms at a desired rate (e.g., at video rate or faster); algorithm(s) relating to generating a low-resolution hologram that can correspond to an original high-resolution hologram;

criterion(s) relating to hologram generation; and so on. In an aspect, the processor

component 1624 can be functionally coupled (e.g., through a memory bus) to the data store 1626 in order to store and retrieve information desired to operate and/or confer functionality, at least in part, to the communicator component 1602, aggregator component 1604, analyzer component 1606, hologram management component 1608, etc., and/or substantially any other operational aspects of the HGC 1600. It is to be appreciated and understood that the various components of the HGC 1600 can communicate information between each other and/or between other components associated with the HGC 1600 as desired to carry out operations of the HGC 1600. It is to be further appreciated and understood that respective components (e.g., communicator component 1602, aggregator component 1604, analyzer component 1606, hologram management component 1608, etc.) of the HGC 1600 each can be a stand-alone unit, can be included within the HGC 1600 (as depicted), can be incorporated within another component of the HGC 1600 (e.g., hologram management component 1608) or a component separate from the HGC 1600, and/or virtually any suitable combination thereof, as desired. [00108] It is to be appreciated and understood that, in accordance with various other aspects and embodiments, the HGC 1600 or components associated therewith can include or be associated with other components (not shown for reasons of brevity), such as, for example, a modeler component (e.g., to facilitate generating model data that can be used to generate or display a hologram), adapter components (e.g., to facilitate adapting or modifying

holographic images or data to facilitate desirably generating or displaying the hologram), a reference beam component (e.g., to apply a reference beam to a 3-D object scene and/or a 3- D hologram), a render component (e.g., to render or convert data, such as model data or diffraction pattern data, associated with the 3-D object scene into corresponding holographic data, which can be used to generate a hologram that is a reproduction of the 3-D object scene), a reflector component(s) (e.g., to reflect holographic images to facilitate display of the hologram), and/or display partitions (e.g., to partition a display into a desired number of partitions in order to show different views of the hologram), etc., that can be employed to facilitate generating a hologram and/or generating or displaying corresponding holographic images representing a 3-D object scene.

[00109] Referring to FIG. 17, depicted is a block diagram of a system 1700 that can employ intelligence to facilitate generating a 3-D hologram (e.g., a full-parallax 3-D Fresnel hologram) of a real or synthetic 3-D object scene in accordance with an embodiment of the disclosed subject matter. The system 1700 can include an HGC 1702 that can desirably generate a hologram (e.g., sequence of 3-D holographic images) that can represent a 3-D object scene (e.g., real or computer-synthesized 3-D object scene from multiple different viewing perspectives of a 3-D object scene that can correspond to multiple different viewing perspectives of the 3-D object scene), as more fully disclosed herein. It is to be appreciated that the HGC 1702 can be the same or similar as respective components (e.g., respectively named components), and/or can contain the same or similar functionality as respective components, as more fully described herein. The HGC 1702 can include a hologram management component (not shown in FIG. 17; e.g., as depicted in, or described herein in relation to, FIGs. 1, 15, and 16) that can generate a full-parallax low-resolution digital 3-D hologram (e.g., Fresnel hologram), based at least in part on the original higher-resolution full- parallax digital 3-D hologram, to facilitate generating or reconstructing full-parallax digital 3- D holographic images (e.g., 3-D Fresnel holographic images) that can represent or recreate the original real or synthetic 3-D object scene and can be desirably displayed (e.g., with a desirably high quality and resolution) on a display component (e.g., a low-resolution display device, such as a low-resolution LCoS or SLM display device), as more fully disclosed herein. [00110] The system 1700 can further include a processor component 1704 that can be associated with (e.g., communicatively connected to) the HGC 1702 and/or other components (e.g., components of system 1700) via a bus. In accordance with an embodiment of the disclosed subject matter, the processor component 1704 can be an applications processor(s) that can manage communications and run applications. For example, the processor component 1704 can be a processor that can be utilized by a computer, mobile computing device, personal data assistant (PDA), or other electronic computing device. The processor component 1704 can generate commands in order to facilitate generating holograms, downsampling high-resolution holograms and interpolating downsampled holograms to facilitate generating low-resolution holograms, and/or displaying of holographic images of a 3-D object scene from multiple different viewing perspectives corresponding to the multiple different viewing perspectives of the 3-D object scene obtained or created by the HGC 1702, modifying parameters associated with the HGC 1702, etc.

[00111] The system 1700 also can include an intelligent component 1706 that can be associated with (e.g., communicatively connected to) the HGC 1702, the processor component 1704, and/or other components associated with system 1700 to facilitate analyzing data, such as current and/or historical information, and, based at least in part on such information, can make an inference(s) and/or a determination(s) regarding, for example, generating a low-resolution version of a high-resolution hologram, determining a

downsampling factor to apply to a high-resolution hologram, downsampling a high-resolution hologram, interpolating a downsampled hologram, generating a downsampling lattice component, generating a grating component, overlaying a grating component on a display screen, to facilitate generating a 3-D hologram (e.g., a low-resolution hologram that is based at least in part on the original high-resolution hologram), and/or corresponding 3-D holographic images that can represent a 3-D object scene, determining and/or setting of parameters associated with the HGC 1702 and associated components, etc.

[00112] For example, based in part on current and/or historical evidence, the intelligent component 1706 can infer or determine a downsampling factor to be applied to a high- resolution hologram, a type or format of a downsampling lattice component to use to facilitate downsampling a high-resolution hologram, an interpolation process to employ to interpolate a downsampled hologram, a type or format of a grating component to be overlaid on a display screen of a display component, respective parameter values of one or more parameters to be used with regard to the performing of operations by the HGC 1702; etc. [00113] In an aspect, the intelligent component 1706 can communicate information related to the inferences and/or determinations to the HGC 1702. Based at least in part on the inference(s) or determination(s) made by the intelligent component 1706, the HGC 1702 can take (e.g., automatically or dynamically take) one or more actions to facilitate generating a 3- D hologram and/or a 3-D holographic image of a 3-D object scene from multiple different viewing perspectives corresponding to the multiple different viewing perspectives of a 3-D object scene obtained or generated by the HGC 1702. For instance, the HGC 1702 can determine, identify, and/or select a downsampling factor to be applied to a high-resolution hologram, a type or format of a downsampling lattice component to use to facilitate downsampling a high-resolution hologram, an interpolation process to employ to interpolate a downsampled hologram, a type or format of a grating component to be overlaid on a display screen of a display component, respective parameter values of one or more parameters to be used with regard to the performing of operations by the HGC 1702, etc., to facilitate generating a 3-D hologram (e.g., a low-resolution 3-D hologram) and/or 3-D holographic images of a 3-D object scene, as disclosed herein.

[00114] It is to be understood that the intelligent component 1706 can provide for reasoning about or infer states of the system, environment, and/or user from a set of observations as captured via events and/or data. Inference can be employed to identify a specific context or action, or can generate a probability distribution over states, for example. The inference can be probabilistic - that is, the computation of a probability distribution over states of interest based on a consideration of data and events. Inference can also refer to techniques employed for composing higher-level events from a set of events and/or data. Such inference results in the construction of new events or actions from a set of observed events and/or stored event data (e.g., historical data), whether or not the events are correlated in close temporal proximity, and whether the events and data come from one or several event and data sources. Various classification (explicitly and/or implicitly trained) schemes and/or systems (e.g., support vector machines, neural networks, expert systems, Bayesian belief networks, fuzzy logic, data fusion engines...) can be employed in connection with performing automatic and/or inferred action in connection with the disclosed subject matter.

[00115] A classifier is a function that maps an input attribute vector, x = (xl, x2, x3, x4, xn), to a confidence that the input belongs to a class, that is, f(x) = confidence(class). Such classification can employ a probabilistic and/or statistical-based analysis (e.g., factoring into the analysis utilities and costs) to prognose or infer an action that a user desires to be automatically performed. A support vector machine (SVM) is an example of a classifier that can be employed. The SVM operates by finding a hypersurface in the space of possible inputs, which hypersurface attempts to split the triggering criteria from the non-triggering events. Intuitively, this makes the classification correct for testing data that is near, but not identical to training data. Other directed and undirected model classification approaches include, e.g., na^'ive Bayes, Bayesian networks, decision trees, neural networks, fuzzy logic models, and probabilistic classification models providing different patterns of independence can be employed. Classification as used herein also is inclusive of statistical regression that is utilized to develop models of priority.

[00116] System 1700 also can include a presentation component 1708, which can be connected with the processor component 1704. The presentation component 1708 can provide various types of user interfaces to facilitate interaction between a user and any component coupled to the processor component 1704. As depicted, the presentation component 1708 is a separate entity that can be utilized with the processor component 1704 and associated components. However, it is to be appreciated that the presentation component 1708 and/or similar view components can be incorporated into the processor component 1704 and/or can be a stand-alone unit. The presentation component 1708 can provide one or more graphical user interfaces (GUIs) (e.g., touchscreen GUI), command line interfaces, and the like. For example, a GUI can be rendered that provides a user with a region or means to load, import, read, etc., data, and can include a region to present the results of such. These regions can comprise known text and/or graphic regions comprising dialogue boxes, static controls, drop-down-menus, list boxes, pop-up menus, as edit controls, combo boxes, radio buttons, check boxes, push buttons, and graphic boxes. In addition, utilities to facilitate the presentation such as vertical and/or horizontal scroll bars for navigation and toolbar buttons to determine whether a region will be viewable can be employed. For example, the user can interact with one or more of the components coupled to and/or incorporated into the processor component 1704.

[00117] The user can also interact with the regions to select and provide information via various devices such as a mouse, a roller ball, a keypad, a keyboard, a touchscreen, a pen and/or voice activation, for example. Typically, a mechanism such as a push button or the enter key on the keyboard can be employed subsequent entering the information in order to initiate the search. However, it is to be appreciated that the claimed subject matter is not so limited. For example, merely highlighting a check box can initiate information conveyance. In another example, a command line interface can be employed. For example, the command line interface can prompt (e.g., via a text message on a display and an audio tone) the user for information via providing a text message. The user can than provide suitable information, such as alpha-numeric input corresponding to an option provided in the interface prompt or an answer to a question posed in the prompt. It is to be appreciated that the command line interface can be employed in connection with a GUI and/or API. In addition, the command line interface can be employed in connection with hardware (e.g., video cards) and/or displays (e.g., black and white, and EGA) with limited graphic support, and/or low bandwidth communication channels.

[00118] In accordance with one embodiment of the disclosed subject matter, the HGC 1702 and/or other components, can be situated or implemented on a single integrated-circuit chip. In accordance with another embodiment, the HGC 1702, and/or other components, can be implemented on an application-specific integrated-circuit (ASIC) chip. In yet another embodiment, the HGC 1702 and/or other components, can be situated or implemented on multiple dies or chips.

[00119] The aforementioned systems and/or devices have been described with respect to interaction between several components. It should be appreciated that such systems and components can include those components or sub-components specified therein, some of the specified components or sub-components, and/or additional components. Sub-components could also be implemented as components communicatively coupled to other components rather than included within parent components. Further yet, one or more components and/or sub-components may be combined into a single component providing aggregate functionality. The components may also interact with one or more other components not specifically described herein for the sake of brevity, but known by those of skill in the art.

[00120] FIGs. 18-21 illustrate methods and/or flow diagrams in accordance with the disclosed subject matter. For simplicity of explanation, the methods are depicted and described as a series of acts. It is to be understood and appreciated that the subject disclosure is not limited by the acts illustrated and/or by the order of acts, for example acts can occur in various orders and/or concurrently, and with other acts not presented and described herein. Furthermore, not all illustrated acts may be required to implement the methods in accordance with the disclosed subject matter. In addition, those skilled in the art will understand and appreciate that the methods could alternatively be represented as a series of interrelated states via a state diagram or events. Additionally, it should be further appreciated that the methods disclosed hereinafter and throughout this specification are capable of being stored on an article of manufacture to facilitate transporting and transferring such methods to computers. The term article of manufacture, as used herein, is intended to encompass a computer program accessible from any computer-readable device, carrier, or media.

[00121] Referring to FIG. 18, illustrated is a flow diagram of an example method 1800 that can facilitate generating (e.g., generating in real or at least near real time) a 3-D hologram (e.g., a full-parallax 3-D Fresnel hologram of a real or synthetic 3-D object scene), in accordance with various aspects and embodiments of the disclosed subject matter. The method 1800 can be implemented by an HGC comprising a hologram management component.

[00122] At 1802, a high-resolution hologram can be downsampled based at least in part on a downsampling lattice component having a defined downsampling factor. The hologram management component can apply the downsampling lattice component to the high- resolution hologram (e.g., a full-parallax digital 3-D Fresnel hologram) to facilitate downsampling the high-resolution hologram to generate a downsampled hologram. The downsampling lattice component can be or can comprise a fix, jitter downsampling lattice, which can be, for example, an RGJD lattice.

[00123] At 1804, the downsampled hologram can be interpolated to generate a low- resolution hologram that can correspond to the high-resolution hologram to facilitate generating holographic images based at least in part on the low-resolution hologram and a grating component. The hologram management component can interpolate the downsampled hologram to generate the low-resolution hologram using pixel duplication or another desired interpolation process or method. The low-resolution hologram can be provided to a display component (e.g., a low-resolution display component) that can have the grating component (e.g., high-resolution grating component) overlaid on a display screen(s) of the display component, wherein the grating component can correspond to the downsampling lattice component. The display component can facilitate generating, reconstructing, and displaying holographic images that can represent the original 3-D object scene, based at least in part on the low-resolution hologram and the grating component, wherein integration of the low- resolution hologram with the high-resolution grating component can facilitate reproducing and displaying holographic images that can be of desirable quality (e.g., the reconstructed holographic images can be a good approximation of the resolution and quality of the original higher-resolution hologram). The multi-stage process, which can facilitate generating the low-resolution hologram from a high-resolution hologram and displaying reconstructed holographic images based at least in part on the low-resolution hologram and the grating component, can be performed at video rate (e.g., at a rate of approximately 40 frames per second or faster) in real or near real time.

[00124] Turning to FIG. 19, depicted is a flow diagram of another example method 1900 that can facilitate generating (e.g., generating in real or at least near real time) a 3-D hologram (e.g., a full-parallax 3-D Fresnel hologram of a real or synthetic 3-D object scene), in accordance with various aspects and embodiments of the disclosed subject matter. The method 1900 can be implemented by an HGC, comprising a hologram enhancer component, a display component (e.g., a low-resolution display component), and/or another component.

[00125] At 1902, a high-resolution hologram can be generated based at least in part on a 3-D object scene. The 3-D object scene can be a real or synthesized 3-D object scene. The HGC can receive or generate the high-resolution hologram that cam represent the original 3-D object scene from multiple different viewing perspectives that can correspond to multiple different viewing perspectives of the original 3-D object scene. The HGC or another component can generate the high-resolution hologram at video rate or faster, in real or near real time, using a desired fast hologram generation technique or algorithm, such as disclosed herein.

[00126] At 1904, the high-resolution hologram can be downsampled based at least in part on a downsampling lattice component having a defined downsampling factor. The hologram management component can apply the downsampling lattice component to the high- resolution hologram to facilitate downsampling the high-resolution hologram to generate a downsampled hologram. The downsampling lattice component can be or can comprise a fix, jitter downsampling lattice, which can be, for example, an RGJD lattice.

[00127] At 1906, the downsampled hologram can be interpolated to generate a low- resolution hologram that can correspond to the high-resolution hologram to facilitate generating holographic images based at least in part on the low-resolution hologram and a grating component. The hologram management component can interpolate the downsampled hologram to generate the low-resolution hologram using pixel duplication or another desired interpolation process or method.

[00128] At 1908, a grating component can be overlaid on a display screen of a display component. The display component or another component can generate and/or overlay the grating component on the display screen of the display component. The grating component can be or can comprise a high-resolution grating that can correspond to (e.g., can comprise a same or corresponding function as) the downsampling lattice component employed to facilitate generating the downsampled hologram, wherein the resolution of the grating can correspond to the resolution of the original high-resolution hologram.

[00129] At 1910, holographic images can be displayed, wherein the holographic images can be generated based at least in part on the low-resolution hologram and the grating component. The display component can facilitate generating or reconstructing holographic images based at least in part on the low-resolution hologram and the grating component (e.g., based at least in part on information, such as model data or holographic data associated with the low- resolution hologram, and the high-resolution grating component). The integration of the low- resolution hologram with the high-resolution grating component during the reconstruction and display process can facilitate reproducing and displaying holographic images that can be of desirable quality (e.g., the reconstructed holographic images can be a good approximation of the resolution and quality of the original higher-resolution hologram). The method 1900, which can facilitate generating the low-resolution hologram from a high-resolution hologram and displaying reconstructed holographic images based at least in part on the low-resolution hologram and the grating component, can be performed at video rate (e.g., at a rate of approximately 40 frames per second or faster) in real or near real time.

[00130] FIG. 20 presents a flow diagram of an example method 2000 that can facilitate generating a downsampling lattice component that can facilitate generation of a low- resolution hologram, in accordance with various aspects and embodiments of the disclosed subject matter. The method 2000 can be implemented using a lattice generator component, which can be part of an HGC or a display component, or can be a standalone unit, etc.

[00131] At 2002, a downsampling factor can be determined, based at least in part on a defined hologram processing criteria, to facilitate the downsampling of an original hologram (e.g., a high-resolution hologram) of an object scene. The HGC, display component, and/or lattice generator component can determine the downsampling factor to employ to

downsample the original hologram based at least in part on the defined hologram processing criteria. The downsampling factor can be a desired value, which can be a real or integer number. The defined hologram processing criteria can relate to the resolution of the original hologram, a desired resolution for the low-resolution hologram of the original hologram, a type of or characteristics of a display component that will display the reconstructed holographic images based at least in part on the low-resolution hologram, a type of or characteristics of the grating component overlaid on the display component, or other criteria.

[00132] At 2004, a type of downsampling lattice can be determined based at least in part on the defined hologram processing criteria. The HGC, display component, and/or lattice generator component can determine the type of downsampling lattice to employ to facilitate downsampling the original hologram and generating a low-resolution hologram that can correspond to the original high-resolution hologram, based at least in part on the defined hologram processing criteria. In some implementations, the downsampling lattice can be a fix, jitter downsampling lattice, which, for example, can be an RGJD lattice.

[00133] At 2006, the downsampling lattice component can be generated based at least in part on the downsampling factor and the type of downsampling lattice. The HGC, display component, and/or lattice generator component can generate the downsampling lattice component based at least in part on the downsampling factor and the type of downsampling lattice. The HGC, display component, and/or lattice generator component can generate the downsampling lattice component dynamically during the hologram reproduction process, or can generate the downsampling lattice component off-line beforehand. The HGC, display component, and/or lattice generator component can store the downsampling lattice component in a data store for use at desired times to facilitate generating a low-resolution hologram of a high-resolution hologram at desired times.

[00134] FIG. 21 illustrates a flow diagram of an example method 2100 that can facilitate generating a grating component that can facilitate displaying holographic images of desirable quality (e.g., a desirably good approximation of the resolution and quality of a high- resolution hologram) on a low-resolution display component based at least in part on a low- resolution hologram of an object scene, in accordance with various aspects and embodiments of the disclosed subject matter. The method 2100 can be implemented using a grating generator component, which can be part of an HGC or a display component, or can be a standalone unit, etc.

[00135] At 2102, a grating function and/or grating pattern for a grating component can be determined based at least in part on a downsampling lattice component that is to be used to facilitate generating a low-resolution hologram for a high-resolution hologram. The HGC, display component, and/or grating generator component can determine the grating function and/or the grating pattern based at least in part on the downsampling lattice component and defined hologram processing criteria. The grating function and/or the grating pattern for the grating component can correspond to the function used for the downsampling lattice component, wherein, for example, the function (e.g., G [x,y] ) for the downsampling lattice component can be the same as the function (e.g., G [x,y] ) used for the grating component. The defined hologram processing criteria can relate to the resolution of the original hologram, a desired resolution for the low-resolution hologram of the original hologram, a type of or characteristics of the downsampling lattice component employed to facilitate generating the low-resolution hologram, a type of or characteristics of a display component that will display the reconstructed holographic images based at least in part on the low-resolution hologram, or other criteria.

[00136] At 2104, the grating component can be generated based at least in part on the grating function and/or the grating pattern. The HGC, display component, and/or grating generator component can generate the grating component based at least in part on the grating function and/or the grating pattern, and the defined hologram processing criteria. The HGC, display component, and/or grating generator component can generate the grating component dynamically during the hologram reproduction process, or can generate the grating component off-line beforehand. The HGC, display component, and/or lattice generator component can store the grating component in a data store for use at desired times to facilitate generating, reconstructing, and displaying holographic images of desirable quality and resolution (e.g., holographic images that can be a good approximation of the quality and resolution of the original high-resolution hologram) based at least in part on a low-resolution hologram of a high-resolution hologram, as disclosed herein.

[00137] In order to provide a context for the various aspects of the disclosed subject matter, FIGs. 22 and 23 as well as the following discussion are intended to provide a brief, general description of a suitable environment in which the various aspects of the disclosed subject matter may be implemented. While the subject matter has been described above in the general context of computer-executable instructions of a computer program that runs on a computer and/or computers, those skilled in the art will recognize that the subject disclosure also may be implemented in combination with other program modules. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, components, data structures, etc. that perform particular tasks and/or implement particular abstract data types. Moreover, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the methods may be practiced with other computer system configurations, including single-processor or multiprocessor computer systems, mini-computing devices, mainframe computers, as well as personal computers, hand-held computing devices (e.g., personal digital assistant (PDA), phone, watch), microprocessor-based or programmable consumer or industrial electronics, and the like. The illustrated aspects may also be practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks are performed by remote processing devices that are linked through a communications network. However, some, if not all aspects of the subject disclosure can be practiced on stand-alone computers. In a distributed computing environment, program modules may be located in both local and remote memory storage devices.

[00138] With reference to FIG. 22, a suitable environment 2200 for implementing various aspects of the claimed subject matter includes a computer 2212. The computer 2212 includes a processing unit 2214, a system memory 2216, and a system bus 2218. It is to be

appreciated that the computer 2212 can be used in connection with implementing one or more of the systems or components (e.g., HGC, hologram management component, display component, lattice generator component, grating, generator component, etc.) shown and/or described in connection with, for example, FIGs. 1-21. The system bus 2218 couples system components including, but not limited to, the system memory 2216 to the processing unit 2214. The processing unit 2214 can be any of various available processors. Dual

microprocessors and other multiprocessor architectures also can be employed as the processing unit 2214.

[00139] The system bus 2218 can be any of several types of bus structure(s) including the memory bus or memory controller, a peripheral bus or external bus, and/or a local bus using any variety of available bus architectures including, but not limited to, Industrial Standard Architecture (ISA), Micro-Channel Architecture (MSA), Extended ISA (EISA), Intelligent Drive Electronics (IDE), VESA Local Bus (VLB), Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI), Card Bus, Universal Serial Bus (USB), Advanced Graphics Port (AGP), Personal Computer Memory Card International Association bus (PCMCIA), Firewire (IEEE 1394), and Small Computer Systems Interface (SCSI).

[00140] The system memory 2216 includes volatile memory 2220 and nonvolatile memory 2222. The basic input/output system (BIOS), containing the basic routines to transfer information between elements within the computer 2212, such as during start-up, is stored in nonvolatile memory 2222. By way of illustration, and not limitation, nonvolatile memory 2222 can include read only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory 2220 includes random access memory (RAM), which acts as external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in many forms such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), Synchlink DRAM (SLDRAM), Rambus direct RAM (RDRAM), direct Rambus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and Rambus dynamic RAM (RDRAM). [00141] Computer 2212 also can include removable/non-removable, volatile/non-volatile computer storage media. FIG. 22 illustrates, for example, a disk storage 2224. Disk storage 2224 includes, but is not limited to, devices like a magnetic disk drive, floppy disk drive, tape drive, Jaz drive, Zip drive, LS-100 drive, flash memory card, or memory stick. In addition, disk storage 2224 can include storage media separately or in combination with other storage media including, but not limited to, an optical disk drive such as a compact disk ROM device (CD-ROM), CD recordable drive (CD-R Drive), CD rewritable drive (CD-RW Drive) or a digital versatile disk ROM drive (DVD-ROM). To facilitate connection of the disk storage devices 2224 to the system bus 2218, a removable or non-removable interface is typically used, such as interface 2226).

[00142] It is to be appreciated that FIG. 22 describes software that acts as an intermediary between users and the basic computer resources described in the suitable operating environment 2200. Such software includes an operating system 2228. Operating system 2228, which can be stored on disk storage 2224, acts to control and allocate resources of the computer system 2212. System applications 2230 take advantage of the management of resources by operating system 2228 through program modules 2232 and program data 2234 stored either in system memory 2216 or on disk storage 2224. It is to be appreciated that the claimed subject matter can be implemented with various operating systems or combinations of operating systems.

[00143] A user enters commands or information into the computer 2212 through input device(s) 2236. Input devices 2236 include, but are not limited to, a pointing device such as a mouse, trackball, stylus, touch pad, keyboard, microphone, joystick, game pad, satellite dish, scanner, TV tuner card, digital camera, digital video camera, web camera, and the like.

These and other input devices connect to the processing unit 2214 through the system bus 2218 via interface port(s) 2238. Interface port(s) 2238 include, for example, a serial port, a parallel port, a game port, and a universal serial bus (USB). Output device(s) 2240 use some of the same type of ports as input device(s) 2236. Thus, for example, a USB port may be used to provide input to computer 2212, and to output information from computer 2212 to an output device 2240. Output adapter 2242 is provided to illustrate that there are some output devices 2240 like monitors, speakers, and printers, among other output devices 2240, which require special adapters. The output adapters 2242 include, by way of illustration and not limitation, video and sound cards that provide a means of connection between the output device 2240 and the system bus 2218. It should be noted that other devices and/or systems of devices provide both input and output capabilities such as remote computer(s) 2244. [00144] Computer 2212 can operate in a networked environment using logical connections to one or more remote computers, such as remote computer(s) 2244. The remote computer(s) 2244 can be a personal computer, a server, a router, a network PC, a workstation, a

microprocessor based appliance, a peer device or other common network node and the like, and typically includes many or all of the elements described relative to computer 2212. For purposes of brevity, only a memory storage device 2246 is illustrated with remote computer(s) 2244. Remote computer(s) 2244 is logically connected to computer 2212 through a network interface 2248 and then physically connected via communication connection 2250. Network interface 2248 encompasses wire and/or wireless communication networks such as local-area networks (LAN) and wide-area networks (WAN). LAN technologies include Fiber

Distributed Data Interface (FDDI), Copper Distributed Data Interface (CDDI), Ethernet, Token Ring and the like. WAN technologies include, but are not limited to, point-to-point links, circuit switching networks like Integrated Services Digital Networks (ISDN) and variations thereon, packet switching networks, and Digital Subscriber Lines (DSL).

[00145] Communication connection(s) 2250 refers to the hardware/software employed to connect the network interface 2248 to the bus 2218. While communication connection 2250 is shown for illustrative clarity inside computer 2212, it can also be external to computer 2212. The hardware/software necessary for connection to the network interface 2248 includes, for exemplary purposes only, internal and external technologies such as, modems including regular telephone grade modems, cable modems and DSL modems, ISDN adapters, and Ethernet cards.

[00146] FIG. 23 is a schematic block diagram of a sample-computing environment 2300 with which the subject disclosure can interact. The system 2300 includes one or more client(s) 2310. The client(s) 2310 can be hardware and/or software (e.g., threads, processes, computing devices). The system 2300 also includes one or more server(s) 2330. Thus, system 2300 can correspond to a two-tier client server model or a multi-tier model (e.g., client, middle tier server, data server), amongst other models. The server(s) 2330 can also be hardware and/or software (e.g., threads, processes, computing devices). The servers 2330 can house threads to perform transformations by employing the subject disclosure, for example. One possible communication between a client 2310 and a server 2330 may be in the form of a data packet transmitted between two or more computer processes.

[00147] The system 2300 includes a communication framework 2350 that can be employed to facilitate communications between the client(s) 2310 and the server(s) 2330. The client(s) 2310 are operatively connected to one or more client data store(s) 2320 that can be employed to store information local to the client(s) 2310. Similarly, the server(s) 2330 are operatively connected to one or more server data store(s) 2340 that can be employed to store information local to the servers 2330.

[00148] It is to be appreciated and understood that components (e.g., holographic generator component, hologram management component, display component, lattice generator component, grating generator component, processor component, data store, etc.), as described with regard to a particular system or method, can include the same or similar functionality as respective components (e.g., respectively named components or similarly named components) as described with regard to other systems or methods disclosed herein.

[00149] In addition, the term "or" is intended to mean an inclusive "or" rather than an exclusive "or." That is, unless specified otherwise, or clear from context, "X employs A or B" is intended to mean any of the natural inclusive permutations. That is, if X employs A; X employs B; or X employs both A and B, then "X employs A or B" is satisfied under any of the foregoing instances. Moreover, articles "a" and "an" as used in the subject specification and annexed drawings should generally be construed to mean "one or more" unless specified otherwise or clear from context to be directed to a singular form.

[00150] As used herein, the terms "example" and/or "exemplary" are utilized to mean serving as an example, instance, or illustration. For the avoidance of doubt, the subject matter disclosed herein is not limited by such examples. In addition, any aspect or design described herein as an "example" and/or "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other aspects or designs, nor is it meant to preclude

equivalent exemplary structures and techniques known to those of ordinary skill in the art.

[00151] As utilized herein, terms "component," "system," and the like, can refer to a computer-related entity, either hardware, software (e.g., in execution), and/or firmware. For example, a component can be a process running on a processor, a processor, an object, an executable, a program, and/or a computer. By way of illustration, both an application running on a server and the server can be a component. One or more components can reside within a process and a component can be localized on one computer and/or distributed between two or more computers.

[00152] Furthermore, the disclosed subject matter can be implemented as a method, apparatus, or article of manufacture using standard programming and/or engineering techniques to produce software, firmware, hardware, or any combination thereof to control a computer to implement the disclosed subject matter. The term "article of manufacture" as used herein can encompass a computer program accessible from any computer-readable device, carrier, or media. For example, computer readable media can include, but is not limited to, magnetic storage devices (e.g., hard disk, floppy disk, magnetic strips...), optical disks (e.g., compact disk (CD), digital versatile disk (DVD)...), smart cards, and flash memory devices (e.g., card, stick, key drive...). Additionally it should be appreciated that a carrier wave can be employed to carry computer-readable electronic data such as those used in transmitting and receiving electronic mail or in accessing a network such as the Internet or a local area network (LAN). Of course, those skilled in the art will recognize many modifications can be made to this configuration without departing from the scope or spirit of the disclosed subject matter.

[00153] As it is employed in the subject specification, the term "processor" can refer to substantially any computing processing unit or device comprising, but not limited to, single- core processors; single-processors with software multithread execution capability; multi-core processors; multi-core processors with software multithread execution capability; multi-core processors with hardware multithread technology; parallel platforms; and parallel platforms with distributed shared memory. Additionally, a processor can refer to an integrated circuit, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a digital signal processor (DSP), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a graphics processing unit (GPU), a programmable logic controller (PLC), a complex programmable logic device (CPLD), a discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. Further, processors can exploit nano-scale architectures such as, but not limited to, molecular and quantum-dot based transistors, switches and gates, in order to optimize space usage or enhance performance of user equipment. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing processing units.

[00154] In this disclosure, terms such as "store," "storage," "data store," data storage," "database," and substantially any other information storage component relevant to operation and functionality of a component are utilized to refer to "memory components," entities embodied in a "memory," or components comprising a memory. It is to be appreciated that memory and/or memory components described herein can be either volatile memory or nonvolatile memory, or can include both volatile and nonvolatile memory.

[00155] By way of illustration, and not limitation, nonvolatile memory can include read only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable ROM (EEPROM), flash memory, or nonvolatile random access memory (RAM) (e.g., ferroelectric RAM (FeRAM)). Volatile memory can include RAM, which can act as external cache memory, for example. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in many forms such as synchronous RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), Synchlink DRAM (SLDRAM), direct Rambus RAM (DRRAM), direct Rambus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and Rambus dynamic RAM (RDRAM).

Additionally, the disclosed memory components of systems or methods herein are intended to include, without being limited to including, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[00156] Some portions of the detailed description have been presented in terms of algorithms and/or symbolic representations of operations on data bits within a computer memory. These algorithmic descriptions and/or representations are the means employed by those cognizant in the art to most effectively convey the substance of their work to others equally skilled. An algorithm is here, generally, conceived to be a self-consistent sequence of acts leading to a desired result. The acts are those requiring physical manipulations of physical quantities. Typically, though not necessarily, these quantities take the form of electrical and/or magnetic signals capable of being stored, transferred, combined, compared, and/or otherwise manipulated.

[00157] It has proven convenient at times, principally for reasons of common usage, to refer to these signals as bits, values, elements, symbols, characters, terms, numbers, or the like. It should be borne in mind, however, that all of these and similar terms are to be associated with the appropriate physical quantities and are merely convenient labels applied to these quantities. Unless specifically stated otherwise as apparent from the foregoing discussion, it is appreciated that throughout the disclosed subject matter, discussions utilizing terms such as processing, computing, calculating, determining, and/or displaying, and the like, refer to the action and processes of computer systems, and/or similar consumer and/or industrial electronic devices and/or machines, that manipulate and/or transform data represented as physical (electrical and/or electronic) quantities within the computer's and/or machine's registers and memories into other data similarly represented as physical quantities within the machine and/or computer system memories or registers or other such information storage, transmission and/or display devices.

[00158] What has been described above includes examples of aspects of the disclosed subject matter. It is, of course, not possible to describe every conceivable combination of components or methods for purposes of describing the disclosed subject matter, but one of ordinary skill in the art may recognize that many further combinations and permutations of the disclosed subject matter are possible. Accordingly, the disclosed subject matter is intended to embrace all such alterations, modifications and variations that fall within the spirit and scope of the appended claims. Furthermore, to the extent that the terms "includes," "has," or "having," or variations thereof, are used in either the detailed description or the claims, such terms are intended to be inclusive in a manner similar to the term "comprising" as "comprising" is interpreted when employed as a transitional word in a claim.

Claims

CLAIMS What is claimed is:

1. A system, comprising:

at least one memory that stores computer-executable components; and

at least one processor that executes or facilitates execution of the computer executable components, comprising:

a holographic generator component that receives or generates a first hologram having a first resolution based at least in part on an object scene; and

a hologram management component that downsamples the first hologram based at least in part on a defined downsampling factor to generate a downsampled hologram and interpolates the downsampled hologram to facilitate generation of a second hologram having a second resolution to facilitate display of a holographic image based at least in part on the second hologram and a grating component.

2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first resolution is higher than the second resolution.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein the hologram management component downsamples the first hologram based at least in part on a downsampling lattice component having the defined downsampling factor.

4. The system of claim 3, wherein the downsampling lattice component comprises a fix, jitter downsampling lattice.

5. The system of claim 4, wherein the fix, jitter down sampling lattice is a regular grid jittered downsampling lattice.

6. The system of claim 3, wherein the grating component corresponds to the

downsampling lattice component.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein the grating component has the first resolution to correspond with the first hologram.

8. The system of claim 1, wherein the hologram management component uses pixel duplication to facilitate the interpolation of the downsampled hologram to facilitate the generation of the second hologram.

9. The system of claim 1, wherein the computer-executable components further comprise a display component that facilitates the display of the holographic image based at least in part on the second hologram and the grating component.

10. The system of claim 9, wherein the display component comprises a low-resolution display component that has the second resolution.

11. The system of claim 10, wherein the grating component is overlaid on a display screen of the display component to facilitate the display of the holographic image having a resolution that is substantially same as the first resolution via the display component having the second resolution.

12. The system of claim 9, wherein the display component that comprises one or more display units that generate and display the holographic image.

13. The system of claim 12, wherein a display unit of the one or more display units is a liquid crystal display device, a liquid crystal on silicon display device, or a spatial light modulator display device.

14. The system of claim 1, wherein the object scene is a real or synthesized three- dimensional object scene, the first hologram is a full-parallax three-dimensional hologram that represents the real or synthesized three-dimensional object scene, and the holographic image is a three-dimensional full-parallax holographic image.

15. A method, comprising:

downsampling, by a system comprising a processor, a high-resolution hologram of a defined high-resolution to generate a downsampled hologram based at least in part on a downsampling lattice having a defined downsampling factor; and

interpolating, by the system, the downsampled hologram to generate a low-resolution hologram of a defined low-resolution that corresponds to the high-resolution hologram to facilitate displaying a holographic image based at least in part on the low-resolution hologram and a grating, wherein the defined high-resolution is higher than the defined low- resolution.

16. The method of claim 15, further comprising:

overlaying, by the system, the grating on a display screen; and

integrating, by the system, the low-resolution hologram with the grating that is overlaid on the display screen to facilitate the displaying of the holographic image.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein the display screen has a first resolution, the grating has a second resolution higher than the first resolution, and the holographic image has a resolution that is substantially same as the second resolution based at least in part on the integrating of the low-resolution hologram with the grating that is overlaid on the display screen.

18. The method of claim 15, wherein the interpolating further comprises interpolating the downsampled hologram using pixel duplication to generate the low-resolution hologram.

19. The method of claim 15, further comprising:

generating, by the system, the downsampling lattice; and

generating, by the system, the grating based at least in part on the downsampling lattice.

20. The method of claim 15, wherein the downsampling lattice is a fix, jitter

downsampling lattice.

21. The method of claim 20, wherein the fix, jitter down sampling lattice is a regular grid jittered downsampling lattice.

22. The method of claim 15, wherein the grating corresponds to the downsampling lattice.

23. The method of claim 15, wherein the grating is a high-resolution grating having a high resolution to correspond with the high-resolution hologram.

24. The method of claim 15, wherein the object scene is a real or synthesized three- dimensional object scene, the high-resolution hologram is a full-parallax three-dimensional hologram that represents the real or synthesized three-dimensional object scene, and the holographic image is a three-dimensional full-parallax holographic image.

25. A computer readable storage medium comprising computer-executable instructions that, in response to execution, cause a system comprising a processor to perform operations, comprising:

downsampling a first hologram to generate a downsampled hologram based at least in part on a downsampling lattice having a defined downsampling factor; and

interpolating the downsampled hologram to generate a second hologram that corresponds to the first hologram to facilitate generating and displaying a holographic image based at least in part on the second hologram and a grating, wherein the first hologram has a higher resolution than the second hologram.

26. The computer readable storage medium of claim 25, wherein the operations further comprise:

overlaying the grating on a display screen; and

integrating the second hologram with the grating that is overlaid on the display screen to facilitate the displaying of the holographic image.

27. A system, comprising:

means for downsampling a first hologram to generate a downsampled hologram based at least in part on a downsampling lattice having a defined downsampling factor; and

means for interpolating the downsampled hologram to generate a second hologram that corresponds to the first hologram to facilitate generating and displaying a holographic image based at least in part on the second hologram and a grating function associated with a grating, wherein the first hologram has a higher resolution than the second hologram.

28. The system of claim 27, further comprising:

means for overlaying the grating on a display screen; and

means for integrating the second hologram with the grating that is overlaid on the display screen to facilitate the displaying of the holographic image.