WO2014175835A1 - Architecture de réseau optique pour centre de données - Google Patents

Architecture de réseau optique pour centre de données Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014175835A1
WO2014175835A1 PCT/SG2014/000188 SG2014000188W WO2014175835A1 WO 2014175835 A1 WO2014175835 A1 WO 2014175835A1 SG 2014000188 W SG2014000188 W SG 2014000188W WO 2014175835 A1 WO2014175835 A1 WO 2014175835A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
awgs
awg
osus
network
transmission
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PCT/SG2014/000188
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English (en)
Inventor
Luying Zhou
Zhaowen Xu
Xiaofei Cheng
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Agency For Science, Technology And Research
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Publication of WO2014175835A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014175835A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0005—Switch and router aspects
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0005—Switch and router aspects
    • H04Q2011/0007—Construction
    • H04Q2011/0011—Construction using wavelength conversion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0005—Switch and router aspects
    • H04Q2011/0007—Construction
    • H04Q2011/0016—Construction using wavelength multiplexing or demultiplexing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0005—Switch and router aspects
    • H04Q2011/0007—Construction
    • H04Q2011/0018—Construction using tunable transmitters or receivers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0005—Switch and router aspects
    • H04Q2011/0007—Construction
    • H04Q2011/0032—Construction using static wavelength routers (e.g. arrayed waveguide grating router [AWGR] )
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0005—Switch and router aspects
    • H04Q2011/0037—Operation
    • H04Q2011/005—Arbitration and scheduling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0005—Switch and router aspects
    • H04Q2011/0052—Interconnection of switches
    • H04Q2011/006—Full mesh

Definitions

  • the present invention relates broadly to an optical network architecture for a datacenter.
  • Background Datacenters are indispensable and critical infrastructures that provide data storage/distribution and computing-intensive services, and host a large amount of Internet applications.
  • Datacenters are typically comprised of both server and networking infrastructure.
  • the servers are constructed into racks, and each rack is connected to a Top of Rack (ToR) switch which are then interconnected to each other.
  • ToR Top of Rack
  • a modern datacenter can consist of more than thousands of servers, requiring a high-capacity and high-performance datacenter network for data exchange.
  • Supporting efficient inter rack communication is important because a key requirement in datacenters is flexibility in placement of computation and services.
  • a cloud computing service may wish to place the multiple virtual machines comprising a customer's service on the physical machines with the most capacity irrespective of their location in the datacenter.
  • network bottlenecks may result in unacceptable performance.
  • different subsets of nodes within the datacenter may become tightly coupled, and require significant bandwidth to prevent bottlenecks.
  • Typical datacenter network architectures today consist of either two- or three-level trees of switches or routers. As shown in Fig. 1 , a three-tiered design has a core tier 100 in the root of the tree, an aggregation tier 102 in the middle and an edge tier 104 at the leaves of the tree.
  • a two-tiered design has only the core 100 and the edge tiers 104 .
  • Edge switches e.g. 106 in each pod (rack) provide connectivity to end hosts e.g. 108 and connect to aggregation switches e.g. 110 in the hierarchy's second level 102.
  • Core switches e.g. 112 form the root of the fat tree 114, facilitating inter-pod (rack) communication.
  • the fat tree architecture 114 provides more bandwidth capacity than a single tree architecture, but it requires a large number of links and switches, resulting in cabling complexity and scalability difficulty.
  • Fig. 2 shows a proposed optical switching architecture 200.
  • the switching system or architecture 200 includes a control block 208 that processes the label of the packet and then arbitrates each packet by checking resource availability on the output port side 210.
  • the control block 208 or plane generates control signals for the TWCs e.g. 202, setting their outputs to the proper wavelengths. For inputs that do not get grants, the control plane 208 assigns wavelengths that force the the TWCs e.g. 202 to send packets to the AWGR output 212 connecting with the loopback shared buffer 206.
  • Another proposed switching architecture 300 shown in Figure 3, combines the features of electronics and optics. Packets are buffered and processed electronically on the line cards e.g. 302, and then switched in an all optical bufferless switch fabric that is controlled by an electronic scheduler.
  • the switch fabric 304 has a three-stage
  • Clos network including input modules (IMs) e.g. 306, central modules (CMs) e.g.
  • Each IM/CM/OM uses an AWGR as the core switch module.
  • Each input port of the CMs e.g. 308 and OMs e.g. 310 has a
  • the network 400 comprises server racks e.g. 402 including the ToR switch e.g. 404 and n WDM small form-factor pluggable (SFP) transceivers e.g. 406; the optical multiplexing/demultiplexing and switching unit e.g. 408; and the optical switching matrix (OSM) 410.
  • server racks e.g. 402 including the ToR switch e.g. 404 and n WDM small form-factor pluggable (SFP) transceivers e.g. 406; the optical multiplexing/demultiplexing and switching unit e.g. 408; and the optical switching matrix (OSM) 410.
  • SFP small form-factor pluggable
  • the multiplexed WDM signals from a ToR e.g. 404 are grouped into k fiber ports e.g. 41 1 by a 1*k wavelength selective switch (WSS) 412. All the server racks are connected to the OSM 410 through the k fiber ports from WSS 412.
  • WDM signals in k fibers e.g. 41 1 are combined using an optical coupler 414 (or WSS) and demultiplexed for receiving by the SFP transceivers e.g. 406 on the ToR switch e.g. 404.
  • each ToR e.g.
  • the datacenter network design includes a centralized network manager (NM, not shown) that obtains the traffic matrix from the ToR switches e.g. 404, calculates appropriate configurations, and pushes them to the optical switching matrix 410, WSS 412, and ToRs e.g. 404.
  • NM centralized network manager
  • Some of the routes are single-hop microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) connection while others are multi-hop.
  • ToRs e.g. 404 serve as routers for multi-hop packet transmission.
  • MEMS microelectromechanical systems
  • Another proposed architecture integrates Ethernet switching with a centralized/federated software-defined networking (SDN)-based control mechanism and a unique optical multiplexing interconnection.
  • SDN software-defined networking
  • Each switch features an electrical domain as well as an optical domain.
  • the servers connect to the switch over Ethernet and into the electrical domain, which connects to the optical domain (also over Ethernet).
  • the switches are connected in a fiber-optic ring, and its control software tool collects information about the resources deployed as part of various application groupings and where those resources are physically located within the network, and is able to logically connect non-adjacent switches in the optical domain.
  • an optical network for a datacenter comprises a plurality of interconnected arrayed waveguide gratings (AWGs); and a plurality of optical switching units (OSUs), each OSU comprising a wavelength tunable transmitter and a receiver, for providing an interface to connect up layer switches in a datacenter network architecture; wherein each AWG has one or more associated ones of the OSUs coupled to respective pairs of input/output ports of said each AWG and the plurality of OSUs form a fully connected passive optical mesh network.
  • AWGs arrayed waveguide gratings
  • OSUs optical switching units
  • a method of providing an optical network for a datacenter comprising providing a plurality of interconnected arrayed waveguide gratings (AWGs); providing a plurality of optical switching units (OSUs), each OSU comprising a wavelength tunable transmitter and a receiver, for providing an interface to connect up layer switches in a datacenter network architecture; wherein each AWG has one or more associated ones of the OSUs coupled to respective pairs of input/output ports of said each AWG; and forming a fully connected passive optical mesh network of the plurality of OSUs.
  • AWGs arrayed waveguide gratings
  • OSUs optical switching units
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic drawing illustrating an example of a prior art network architecture for a datacenter.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic drawing illustrating another example of a prior art network architecture for a datacenter.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic drawing illustrating another example of a prior art network architecture for a datacenter.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic drawing illustrating another example of a prior art network architecture for a datacenter.
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic drawing illustrating a part of a network architecture for a datacenter, according to an example embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic drawing illustrating a network architecture for a datacenter, according to an example embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic drawing illustrating a part of a network architecture for a datacenter, according to another example embodiment.
  • FIG. 8 shows a schematic drawing illustrating a part of a network architecture for a datacenter, according to other example embodiments.
  • FIG. 9 shows a schematic drawing illustrating a network architecture for a datacenter, according to another example embodiment.
  • FIG. 10 shows a flowchart illustrating a method of providing an optical network for a datacenter according to an example embodiment.
  • the described example embodiments can provide a datacenter network architecture which effectively addresses the datacenter network design challenges on complexity, scalable and power consumption.
  • An approach is applied in employing AWG technology and wavelength tunable transmitters for optical switching and a control mechanism and scheduling scheme are provided for traffic scheduling.
  • the architecture in example embodiments is preferably passive in the switching core with simple cabling and advantageously supports a port count up to 024.
  • the network architecture in example embodiments preferably provides high inter-rack transmission capacity, high reliability, high port count, and low power consumption.
  • An optical network architecture for datacenter (Orchid) comprises a set of interconnected optical AWG components that provide optical connections to ToRs.
  • a ToR may have more than one interface to connect up layer switches, as is appreciated by a person skilled in the art.
  • an optical switching unit (OSU) is illustrated in Figures 5 to 9 below to represent one such optical interface in the described example embodiments.
  • the core switching is passive, fast tunable transmitters are employed at OSUs for path selections, and the network is able to achieve any OSU to any OSU communication in the datacenter in at most two hops.
  • the network in example embodiments is able to support efficiently both fast changing burst traffic and connection oriented large volume traffic.
  • OSUs are grouped into units, and an AWG is assigned to each unit for connecting OSUs in the unit.
  • a single fiber connection is laid out between a pair of AWGs in some example embodiments, and all AWGs are connected in a mesh network structure connecting all OSUs in the datacenter.
  • OSUs in an AWG unit can access one AWG output port concurrently and share one interconnecting fiber in some embodiments.
  • Communication between OSUs preferably takes one hop if they are in the same unit or at most two hops if they are in different AWG units.
  • fast wavelength tunable transmitters are applied in the OSUs for selecting different wavelength channels.
  • a control plane is imbedded in the network architecture.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates the connectivity of an AWG unit 502
  • Fig. 6 shows the inter- connectivity among AWG units of a network architecture according to an example embodiment employing 8 32x32 AWGs e.g. 502 for supporting up to 200 OSUs, with 28 pairs of fiber interconnecting the AWG units e.g. 502 in the network.
  • the detailed port connections in Fig.6 are listed in Table 1.
  • AWG 5 connects AWG 2 through input/output ports 28 on respective sides of the two AWGs
  • AWG 3 connects to AWG 8 through input/output ports 30.
  • 25 OSUs e.g. 504 are connected to a 32x32 AWG 502, and the remaining 7 ports are used to connect the other 7 AWGs respectively.
  • OSU to OSU communication within an AWG unit 502 is thus achieved in one hop connection and OSU to OSU communication from different AWG units will take at most two hops, and controller to controller communication takes one hop by tuning to the appropriate wavelength to reach the corresponding AWG output port.
  • the mesh connection among the AWGs preferably guarantees an available path to any AWG at any time.
  • the fixed one fiber connection between two AWGs provides a shared path for all OSUs e.g. 504 in an AWG unit 502 to directly communicate with all OSUs in another AWG unit simultaneously, one full capacity wavelength for each communication channel.
  • the AWG wavelength multiplexing feature allows multiple input ports with different wavelengths to connect to one output port, and the AWG wavelength de-multiplexing feature enables multiple wavelengths from one input port to be distributed to multiple output ports.
  • Wavelengths are multiplexed over this fixed connection in the example embodiment, i.e., all transmitters from an AWG unit 502 can simultaneously send packets to another AWG over the same connection with different wavelengths. Though some packets may not reach their intended destination ToR on another AWG unit in one hop, an intermediate ToR can relay it in an extra hop within that AWG unit.
  • An extension to double the number of supported ports by using two wavebands in different free space range (FSR) of an AWG and applying the cyclical feature of the AWG according to another embodiment is shown in Fig. 7.
  • two (or more) OSUs e.g. 700. 702 share the same optical input and output ports 704, 706 by coarse wavelength division multiplexing.
  • OSUi,i 700 and OSUj.r 702 share the input port 704 by an optical coupler 708 and share the output port 706 by a C/L band WDM coupler 710.
  • the signal carried on the C-band wavelength goes to OSU 700 while the signal carried on the L-band wavelength goes to OSU 702.
  • the wavelength of the optical transmitter for both OSU 700 and OSU 702 are tuned in the range of both C and L band.
  • each OSU can send an optical wavelength to anther OSU located in both C and L band while each OSU can only receive optical wavelength in a single band (C or L) which is limited by the C/L band WDM coupler 710, in this embodiment.
  • the connection port number can be doubled by using a power coupler e.g. 708 before each input port and using a coarse WDM coupler e.g. 710 after each output port.
  • some dedicated ports of the AWG have to be used for interconnection of AWGs.
  • the connected AWG number can be scalable depending on the scale of the interconnection.
  • the total port count can be described as port count (N-M+1)*M, and port count (N-M+1) * M*2, respectively, where, N is port number of AWG, and M is the number of AWG connected. It is noted that M should preferably be an even integer and M ⁇ N/2.
  • the intra-AWG unit optical connection is switched by tuning to an optical wavelength in e.g. the C-band
  • the inter-AWG unit optical connection is switched by tuning to a wavelength in e.g. the L-band.
  • type 1 bidirectional transmission between two AWG shares one fiber link, indicated at numeral 800.
  • the optical signals (e.g. L-band) from another AWG pass through C/L band WDM coupler 802, distribute to the corresponding port at the left side of the AGW 804 as shown in Fig.8, and then transmit e.g.
  • optical signals e.g. C-band
  • the optical signals e.g. C-band
  • the OSUs on the same AWG 804 transmit from the port 812 through the C/L band WDM coupler 802 and coupler 810.
  • an optical signals distributed to the OSUs e.g. 814 in the same group/on the same AWG 804 transmit via AWG 804 to port 816, and via two C/L band WDM couplers 818, 820 (e.g. in C-band wavelength).
  • the optical signals distributed to another group (e.g. in L-band wavelength) transmit over the connection fiber link indicated at numeral 822 via the WDM coupler 818 and an optical circulator 824.
  • the signals bypass the AWG 804 via the optical circulator 824 and the WDM coupler 820 to the receiver, e.g. OSU 814.
  • a pair of fiber links connects two AWGs.
  • the optical signals (e.g. C-band) from the OSUs on the same AWG 804 transmit from the port 830 to the OSU, e.g. 830, receiver through the C/L band WDM couplers 832, 834.
  • the optical signals from another group (e.g. L-band) via fiber link 828 combine with the signals from OSUs in the same group and transmit to the OSU, e.g. 830, receiver through the C/L band coarse WDM coupler 832.
  • each group of OSUs (or each AWG) connects to all other groups (or AWGs).
  • port(ij) and port(k.l) are the y ' -th port of the / ' -th AWG, and /-th port of the k-X AWG, respectively, generally there is connection between port(i ) and port(k,l), ,2...N, where N is the AWG number and i ⁇ k.
  • the maximal port count in an example embodiment is 1024 by using 32 32*32 cyclical AWGs.
  • Table.2 shows an example connection among 32 AWGs.
  • the number shown in table 2 indicates the AWG number which connects to AWGR through port P,.
  • AWG 6 connects to AWG 21 through port Pi 6> and AWG 1 connects to AWG 31 trough P 27 .
  • the main features of the architecture in an example embodiment include the minimum possible number of hops, at most two hops, for any ToR/OSU to any ToR OSU communication, and simple cabling.
  • the communication among the servers is within the rack.
  • the communication among the racks will go through the AWG and takes one hop; and for racks connected to different AWGs, the communication among the racks will then go through inter AWG connections and will take at most two hops.
  • the greatly simplified cabling is facilitated by wavelength multiplexing and de- multiplexing features of the AWGs, as multiple wavelengths can be multiplexed and go out of one source AWG output port and be de-multiplexed at one destination AWG input port.
  • the network architecture in example embodiments has the advantages of providing a great number of parallel one-hop full capacity wavelength channels among the ToRs, without requiring any optical structure reconfiguration. If multiple ToRs communicate with the same one ToR simultaneously, the receiving ToR will not be able to receive the data correctly due to the wavelength collision, unless an extra demultiplexer and N (the number of OSUs in an AWG unit, 2N for an embodiment using FSR as described above with reference to Figure 7) receivers are deployed at the ToR in an example embodiment, which, however, leads to high cost and complexity in a practical application. On the other hand, the chance for a ToR to be destined by N (2N) ToRs is extremely small.
  • a control plane that coordinates data transmission among the ToRs, and resolves wavelength confliction at the receiver, while keeping the network architecture simple.
  • the control plane is an out band control plane, but it is physically collocated with the data plane in the same network architecture.
  • a controller is assigned to each AWG unit, and it directly accesses every ToRs in this unit in one hop.
  • a controller communicates to remote controllers through inter AWG connection fibers which are the same fibers carrying inter AWG data transmission channels. For example, as illustrated in Fig. 8, one pair of input/output ports of the AWG 804 is occupied by a controller 834.
  • the controller 834 can include the same elements for interfacing with the AWG 804 and the other AWGs as the OSUs.
  • the controller e.g. 834 which is associated to an AWG e.g. 804 unit, maintains local receivers' states, and schedules (local and remote) data packet transmissions destined to each of the local ToRs in the AWG e.g. 804 unit.
  • ToRs send data transmission requests to the controller e.g. 834 on the same AWG e.g. 804 (for intra- AWG communications) or via the controller e.g. 834 to a remote controller associated with another AWG (for inter-AWG communications).
  • All controlling messages are sent to the central controller 906, and processed and scheduled by the central controller 906.
  • the controllers e.g. 900, 902 are integrated and work as one central controller 906 in this embodiment, the control message transfer overhead will be reduced (request sent to controller 906 and response from controller 906.
  • the fast inter-controller communication in this control plane design in the example embodiment facilitates the cooperation among the controllers, and makes it possible for the distributed control to achieve the benefits of a centralized control.
  • control messages requesting data packet transmission and a traffic scheduling process are introduced for resolving packet collision resulting from multiple wavelength channels, either with individually or integrally implemented controllers.
  • an OSU e.g. connected to AGW 910
  • Controller 906 specifically controller 900 within central controller 906, receives data transmission requests for each of its local OSUs connected to AGW 910 and has the updated information on the scheduled events of each local OSU.
  • Various schemes for scheduling the traffic can be applied.
  • a scheme that is similar to the traffic scheduling scheme exploited in the passive optical network (PON).
  • PON passive optical network
  • MPCP Multipoint Control Protocol
  • an optical line terminal OLT dynamically allocates bandwidth resources to each optical network unit (ONU) based on its service level agreement (SLA) and instantaneous bandwidth demands.
  • SLA service level agreement
  • a destined OSU in the example embodiment is equivalent to a "dumb" OLT and a source OSU is equivalent to an ONU in a PON, and a source OSU may access multiple "dumb" OLTs.
  • the controller schedules traffic for a destined OSU in the associated AWG unit, but needs to do so for many "dumb OLTs", as there may be as many as n (e.g., 24 for a 32x32 port AGW with 8 AGWs in the network, noting that one port is connected to the controller) destined OSUs needing traffic scheduling at the moment, and furthermore each "dumb OLT” receives data transmission from a dynamically changing set of "ONUs".
  • n e.g., 24 for a 32x32 port AGW with 8 AGWs in the network, noting that one port is connected to the controller
  • each controller schedules the data transmission destined to OSUs associated to its AWG unit, and cooperates with other controllers in allocating the grants.
  • the OSU For an OSU which has data to send (including the data packets to be relayed for others) to a destined OSU, the OSU sends a data transmission request (maybe via the local controller) to the controller associated with the destined OSU, to report the amount of data it wants to send.
  • the associated controller schedules and grants data transmission for each of the requesting OSUs based on criteria such SLA, priority or QoS. In the example embodiment, the controller only schedules one-hop data transmission to its associated OSUs via a direct wavelength channel.
  • the requesting OSU can start data packet transmission accordingly.
  • the requesting, granting and packet sending activities can perform in a cyclical manner.
  • the first hop of data transmission is always to a certain OSU on the destined AWG unit, which OSU may happen to be the destined OSU, or one that relays the data to the destined OSU in another extra hop within the AWG unit. This can help to relay a packet to its destination in the two-hop case.
  • a source OSU likely will have data destined to different OSUs on multiple AWG units, as it aggregates traffic for multiple servers linked to the same rack.
  • the data to be sent are put into different logical queues for different AWG units of the output buffer in the OSU in the example embodiment, in a sense analogous to virtual output queuing (VOQ) in a switching structure.
  • the source OSU sends a combined data transmission request for these different queues, instead of sending a single request for each different AWG unit, to the local controller, and the local controller advantageously classifies and further combines the requests from other requesting OSUs and sends requests to different remote controllers respectively.
  • a requesting/source OSU may receive more than one packet transmission grant from different destined controllers, and if the controllers operate independently, it is possible that the requesting OSU will be scheduled to send out data packets destined to different AWG units at the same timeslot, but with only one transmitter, some data packets scheduled by certain grants may not be sent out.
  • one approach in an example embodiment is to selectively send data packets, e.g., based on higher priority or QoS requirements.
  • Another approach in an example embodiment is for the controllers to exchange scheduling information, so as to send out a consolidated (i.e. without packet sending conflicts) grant to the requesting OSU in a scheduling cycle.
  • Such an approach may need tight interconnection and cooperation among the controllers, which can increase the complexity in both hardware and software implementations.
  • the architecture according to the various embodiments described above advantageously fully utilizes AWG wavelength multiplexing and de-multiplexing features, and uniquely interconnects AWGs to form a large scale optical switching core.
  • the various embodiments are passive in the switching core with simplified cabling and support a port count up to 1024, However, it will be appreciated that different, including higher port counts can be implemented in different embodiments.
  • the various embodiments apply fast tunable transmitters for electing packet transmission paths without physically reconfiguring the optical network structure.
  • Such architecture can preferably provide the features of high inter-rack transmission capacity, high reliability, low power consumption, high port count and simple cabling.
  • Example embodiments can include one or more of the following features:
  • OSUs • OSUs (ToRs) are grouped into units with an N * N port AWG in each unit;
  • OSUs in an AWG unit can access one AWG output port concurrently and share one interconnecting fiber
  • AWGs are interconnected to form a large scale passive optical mesh network
  • the distributed control plane is physically collocated with the data transfer network.
  • an optical network for a datacenter comprises a plurality of interconnected arrayed waveguide gratings (AWGs); and a plurality of optical switching units (OSUs), each OSU comprising a wavelength tunable transmitter and a receiver, for providing an interface to connect up layer switches in a datacenter network architecture; wherein each AWG has one or more associated ones of the OSUs coupled to respective pairs of input/output ports of said each AWG and the plurality of OSUs form a fully connected passive optical mesh network.
  • AWGs arrayed waveguide gratings
  • OSUs optical switching units
  • the network may further comprise an associated controller for each of the plurality of AWGs, for scheduling transmission between the OSUs.
  • Each controller may be coupled to a pair of input/output ports of its associated AWG.
  • the associated controllers may be integrated in a central controller unit.
  • the central controller unit may comprise electronic interfaces between the associated controllers.
  • Two or more OSUs may be connected to the same pair of in input/output ports of their associated AWG.
  • the network may further comprise a combiner element coupled to the input port of the same pair, for combining transmission signals of the two or more OSUs.
  • the network may further comprise a wavelength division multiplexer (WDM) element coupled to the output port of the same pair, for wavelength depended directing of signals exiting the output port to the two or more OSUs.
  • WDM wavelength division multiplexer
  • Each of the plurality of AWGs may be coupled to each of the other AWGs of the plurality of AWGs via respective pairs of input/output ports.
  • the network may further comprise at least one WDM coupler coupled to each output port of each AWG for wavelength depended directing of signals exiting the output port for transmission between the OSUs associated with the same AWG and for transmission between OSUs associated with different AWGs.
  • Each of the plurality of AWGs may be coupled to each of the other AWGs of the plurality of AWGs via respective output ports.
  • Each of the plurality of AWGs may be coupled to each of the other AWGs of the plurality of AWGs via the respective output ports via a bi-directional single fiber link.
  • a signal received at one AWG from another AWG via the bi-directional single fiber link may transmit through said one AWG and a circulator, for reception at one of the OSUs associated with said one AWG.
  • a signal received at one AWG from another AWG via the bi-directional single fiber link may bypass said one AWG via a circulator, for reception at one of the OSUs associated with said one AWG.
  • Each of the plurality of AWGs may be coupled to each of the other AWGs of the plurality of AWGs via the respective output ports via a first single fiber link for transmission to said each of the other AWGs, and may be further coupled to each of the other AWGs via a second single fiber link for reception from said each of the other AWGs.
  • Fig. 10 shows a flowchart 1000 illustrating a method of providing an optical network for a datacenter according to one embodiment.
  • a plurality of interconnected arrayed waveguide gratings AMGs
  • AWGs arrayed waveguide gratings
  • OSUs optical switching units
  • each OSU comprising a wavelength tunable transmitter and a receiver, for providing an interface to connect up layer switches in a datacenter network architecture, wherein each AWG has one or more associated ones of the OSUs coupled to respective pairs of input/output ports of said each AWG.
  • a fully connected passive optical mesh network is formed of the plurality of OSUs.
  • the method may further comprise scheduling transmission between the OSUs using an associated controller for each of the plurality of AWGs.
  • the method may comprise coupling each controller to a pair of input/output ports of its associated AWG.
  • the method may comprise integrating the associated controllers in a central controller unit.
  • the method may comprise providing electronic interfaces between the associated controllers in the central controller unit.
  • the method may comprise connecting two or more OSUs to the same pair of in input/output ports of their associated AWG.
  • the method may further comprise combining transmission signals of the two or more OSUs using a combiner element coupled to the input port of the same pair.
  • the method may further comprise wavelength depended directing of signals exiting the output port to the two or more OSUs using a wavelength division multiplexer (WDM) element coupled to the output port of the same pair.
  • WDM wavelength division multiplexer
  • the method may comprise coupling each of the plurality of AWGs to each of the other AWGs of the plurality of AWGs via respective pairs of input/output ports.
  • Different wavelength bands may be used for transmission between the OSUs associated with the same AWG and for transmission between OSUs associated with different AWGs.
  • the method may further comprise wavelength depended directing of signals exiting the output port using at least one WDM coupler coupled to each output port of each AWG for transmission between the OSUs associated with the same AWG and for transmission between OSUs associated with different AWGs.
  • the method may comprise coupling each of the plurality of AWGs to each of the other AWGs of the plurality of AWGs via respective output ports.
  • the method may comprise coupling each of the plurality of AWGs to each of the other AWGs of the plurality of AWGs via the respective output ports via a bi-directional single fiber link.
  • a signal received at one AWG from another AWG via the bi-directional single fiber link may transmit through said one AWG and a circulator, for reception at one of the OSUs associated with said one AWG.
  • a signal received at one AWG from another AWG via the bi-directional single fiber link may bypass said one AWG via a circulator, for reception at one of the OSUs associated with said one AWG.
  • the method may comprise coupling each of the plurality of AWGs to each of the other AWGs of the plurality of AWGs via the respective output ports via a first single fiber link for transmission to said each of the other AWGs, and further coupling to each of the other AWGs via a second single fiber link for reception from said each of the other AWGs.
  • substantially may include “exactly” and a variance of +/- 5% thereof.
  • the phrase "A is substantially the same as B" may encompass embodiments where A is exactly the same as B, or where A may be within a variance of +/- 5%, for example of a value, of B, or vice versa.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Optical Communication System (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un réseau optique pour un centre de données, et un procédé de fourniture d'un réseau optique pour un centre de données. Le réseau comprend plusieurs grilles de guides d'onde en réseau (AWG) reliées entre elles et plusieurs unités de commutation optique (OSU), chaque OSU comprenant un émetteur et un récepteur ajustables en longueur d'onde afin de fournir une interface pour connecter des commutateurs de couche supérieure dans l'architecture de réseau du centre de données; chaque AWG comprend une ou plusieurs des OSU associées couplées à des paires respectives de ports d'entrée/sortie de chacune desdites AWG, et lesdites plusieurs OSU forment un réseau de maillage optique passif pleinement connecté.
PCT/SG2014/000188 2013-04-26 2014-04-28 Architecture de réseau optique pour centre de données WO2014175835A1 (fr)

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JPWO2021131202A1 (fr) * 2019-12-26 2021-07-01
CN113709606A (zh) * 2021-08-31 2021-11-26 山东大学 一种面向弹性光网络的灵活可重构光交换节点系统以及工作方法

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Cited By (17)

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WO2016148717A1 (fr) * 2015-03-19 2016-09-22 Hewlett Packard Enterprise Development Lp Nœuds émetteurs-récepteurs couplés à des réseaux sélectifs planaires
US10505659B2 (en) 2015-08-13 2019-12-10 Hewlett Packard Enterprise Development Lp Reconfigurable interconnected nodes
US10820071B2 (en) 2015-08-13 2020-10-27 Hewlett Packard Enterprise Development Lp Reconfigurable interconnected nodes
CN107231210A (zh) * 2016-03-25 2017-10-03 华为技术有限公司 一种数据中心mesh网络及连接方法
CN107231210B (zh) * 2016-03-25 2019-03-08 华为技术有限公司 一种数据中心mesh网络及连接方法
GB2560316A (en) * 2017-03-06 2018-09-12 Rockley Photonics Ltd Optoelectronic switch with reduced fibre count
GB2560316B (en) * 2017-03-06 2022-05-25 Rockley Photonics Ltd Optoelectronic switch with reduced fibre count
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EP3582416A1 (fr) * 2018-06-11 2019-12-18 Delta Electronics, Inc. Système de réseau de tunnel optique défini sur l'intelligence et procédé de commande de système de réseau
CN108718214B (zh) * 2018-06-14 2020-06-12 华南师范大学 基于网格型拓扑结构的数据中心光互连结构及通信方法
CN108718214A (zh) * 2018-06-14 2018-10-30 华南师范大学 基于网格型拓扑结构的数据中心光互连结构及通信方法
JPWO2021131202A1 (fr) * 2019-12-26 2021-07-01
CN111064525A (zh) * 2019-12-26 2020-04-24 山东大学 一种基于有线-无线融合的用于数据中心内部互连的光传输系统及其运行方法
CN111064525B (zh) * 2019-12-26 2022-04-01 山东大学 一种基于有线-无线融合的用于数据中心内部互连的光传输系统及其运行方法
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CN113709606A (zh) * 2021-08-31 2021-11-26 山东大学 一种面向弹性光网络的灵活可重构光交换节点系统以及工作方法

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