WO2014174543A2 - Process for the formation of mechanical movement derived from a plant of mechanical energy production - Google Patents

Abstract

"Process for the formation of mechanical movement derived from a plant of mechanical energy production"; with relative motion reduced in the integrated drive shaft and rocker arms; wit potential derived from a hydraulic system, starting from the constituent hydraulic columns, with the use of fluids compressed air and water, generating hydrostatic and hydrodynamic pressure and the relative forces applied; all in accordance with the principles of Stevin and Pascal.

Description

PROCESS for the FORMATION of MECHANICAL MOVEMENT

DERIVED from a PLANT of MECHANICAL ENERGY PRODUCTION

Process for the formation of mechanical movement consisting in the original system of applications devised in a plant conceived for industrial use as a generator of mechanical movement; then, with relative inductions, also functional for the production of electrical energy.

Applications that can be realised in the production of a physical force and thus a derived power, consisting in hydrostatic and hydrodynamic pressures applied, in the presence of water fluids and with the important contribution of compressed air, from a hydraulic column set above; then transferred and adjusted on the mobile head which is free to slide in a cylinder beneath; in line with the well-known applications based on the law and principle of Stevin and Pascal.

o o o o o

At the moment of the development of the process based on similar principles, the force, created by the pressure exercised hydraulically on the mobile head of a cylinder (and thus on the heads of a series of cylinders set in a group), a head which is made up of a "larger" piston [see n° 1/fig.l] which slides in the sleeved of the cylinder itself [see n° 2/fig.l], is defined and combined by the weight of the above hydraulic loading column [see n° 3/fig. 1], (and thus by the series of "n" columns), containing fluids which will be specified below; therefore, the column, given that is has a diameter inferior to that of the cylinder below, is connected to the same through the use of a gate valve controlled by an electro-pneumatic valve [see n° 4/fig.l].

This HYDRAULIC SECTION of the plant, characterised by its vertical set-up [see A/fig. 1], is distinct in its two positions: the upper position [see al/fig. 1] and the lower position [see a2/fig. 1]; both connected and sustained by an intermediate horizontal plane "table" in metal [see n° 5/fig.l], functioning as a support for the stability and anchoring of the two parts indicated, as well as a reference point for both. Thus the upper part the above-mentioned metal "table" is made up of the hydraulic fluid column, with a loading tube set between its two extremities made up of the summit, with an air-tight sealing plate [see n° 6/fig.l] and of the base, equipped as mentioned above with a gate valve timed by an electro-pneumatic valve; then, below this tube there is a pipeline with a conical section [see n° 7/fig.l], functioning as a connector between the loading tube above and the lower cylinder beneath, set up to facilitate the actions of transfer of the liquids both in the loading phase and in the return for reloading, and then defined as a measuring instrument for the liquid; whilst the part beneath the metal "table" is substantially made up of the cylinder (with the parts connected to it, the mobile piston) the latter, together with the conical tubing above it, as a receptor of the liquid from the hydraulic column; thus in the development of the function of the plant.

o o o o o

The loading tubing of the hydraulic column may generally be assumed to be of relatively contained height [see H/fig. 1] since the fluids used (and relative modalities of use) for bringing about the requisite pressure with the flow rate and thus the origin of the force at the base of the tubing (and then, with reference to the principles adopted, of the force derived in the cylinder) are constituted, starting from the base of the tube (at the level of the shutter valve) up to its head with the sealing plate [see N° 6/fig. 1]: first of the water [see n° hl/fig. 1] and then of the compressed air [see n° h2/fig. 1] introduced at the top of the tube [see n° 23/flg. 1] within an expansion chamber [see n° 8/ fig. 1] set so as to transmit to the liquid beneath a substitute thrust equivalent to the weight and therefore to the pressure of a column of water of "virtual" height, thus completely pre-set. The thrust applied by the compressed air and in consequence the corresponding pressure is thus transferred and distributed uniformly in the section of the tubing; in effect, it is in contact and thus balanced by the "smaller" piston [see n° 9/fig. 1] in movement, which slides in the same tubing; the latter also functioning as a diaphragm for the separation of the fluids air and water present in the tubing and with the functions of containing the air above until the end of the loading phase with simultaneous expulsion for decompression of the same.

Thus the pressure developed at the base of the loading tube, to be transferred to the cylinder beneath, will correspond to the sum of the potentials realised, expressed both by the presence beneath of water in the tubing and by the more substantial and important presence of compressed air applied at its summit; the presence of the latter indeed provides for the actual extension of the height of the hydraulic column.

The hydrodynamic passage (the loading of water, together with the falling movement) of the fluid water in the tube, pushed by the "smaller" piston which slides within the tube itself driven by the compressed air, towards the cylinder beneath, connected by the suspension of the gate diaphragm timed by the fitted electro-pneumatic valve [see n° 4a/fig. 1] not only produces the requisite pressure in the cylinder and especially on the mobile head, according to the accepted principles, but also determines, due to its fall, a further effect of pressure force combined with the simultaneous movement of the fluid from the loading tube to the cylinder.

At the conclusion of the transfer of the water from the loading tube to the cylinder beneath, as indicated, a simultaneous evacuation of compressed air (decompression) is achieved present in the tube due to a release valve, set at the top of the tubing [see n° 24/fig. 2].

The principle is seen to be observed as the presence of compressed air during the transfer (before the simultaneous decompression) in reality simulates the "virtual" presence of a pre-defined column of water.

In the cylinder itself, before the action of transfer with the loading, there is already a composite volume of water [see N° 10/fig. 1] pre-determined for the entropic effect, a volume which is equivalent to the defined space between the "larger" piston in its starting position and the upper level of the cylinder coinciding with the distinct plane of the metal "table", in practice with the round section referred to the larger base of the conical tube connected to the cylinder.

The pressure applied during the loading phase on the mobile head of the cylinder (receptor of the transfer) made up of the "larger" piston, multiplied in relation to the principles used, may define the force applied to the movement of the head itself; it can thus define the result - work and power - in relation to the movement (the capacity and quantity of motion per unit of time) exercised by the piston along the pre-set extension of the cylinder beneath [see n° 12/fig. 2]. The movement produces at one and the same time the traction of the solid bar [see n° 11/fig. 2] which may be shaped in a solid round or square form, applied to the lower bearing face of the piston itself.

o o o o o

The problem of loading the fluids [see fig. 3] in the "loading" tube, above the "table" connected to the above-mentioned cylinder, and the simultaneous emptying of the same with the evacuation of the water which returns to the loading tube, is solved, in each cylinder, by the application of a rocker arm [see N° 14/fig. 5] (therefore a series of "n" rocker arms) which determines, under the cylinder, a counter thrust acting directly on the solid bar [see n° 11/fig. 3] and in consequence on the "larger" piston fixed to the bar itself [see n° 1/fig. 3] again reducing, with inverse transfer, forced upwards and with opening of the gate valve [see n° 4/fig. 3] maintained in action, the fluid water into the loading tube above the cylinder [see n° 13/fig. 3].

The conical section of the pipeline, intermediate in sequence and set above the cylinder, thus also serves to facilitate the inverse transfer process in action.

The movement also produces the contemporary return of the "smaller" piston to its seat in the loading tube towards the starting point [see n° 9/fig. 3], drawn upwards by a cable in continuous traction [see n° 15/fig. 3].

This result and the restart condition can be achieved through the formation in parallel of another line of "n" cylinders and relative loading tubes, exactly identical to the first series of "n" cylinders observed [see fig. 6]; then by the application of the rocker arm [see n° 14/fig. 5] set below the levels of maximum lower extension of the mobile solid bars during their movement. The rocker arm thus takes on the important function of connection in sequence of each pair of counter-set cylinders, which are therefore used in couples in the functions of loading and reloading.

The rocker arm thus consists of a rigid element applied, with its fulcrum set at its centre, using a lever principle [see n° 35/fig. 6] serving to produce balanced alternate movements caused by the same (using the solid bars) in the "larger" pistons of the relative pairs of operative cylinders.

The structure of the plant may thus be defined as double [see fig. 6] and the effect of the movements produced is such that it permits alternately, in fixed times, the descent (with loading) and upward return (for reloading) in each of the base elements

("loading" pipeline and cylinder) with actions pre-set for the transport of the fluids which are moved, step by step and in co-ordination, in their specific settings; in the active working condition (with shift of water and compressed air towards the cylinder) and of passive reloading (with shift of water being brought back to its original state in the loading pipeline).

Everything is combined and activated automatically.

During the reloading process of one set brought about by the action of the

corresponding loading set, set directly in parallel in the double plant [see design 6] there is a further supporting action which facilitates the transfer in the correct, measured times of the liquid from the cylinder to the loading pipeline above since the "smaller" piston present in the latter, relative to the principle function of separating the fluids air and water during the loading, will be free after the decompression of the air deactivated by the application at the top of the relief valve [see n° 24/fig. 2]; it will thus be drawn upwards towards the top of the tube [see N° 9/fig. 3] and will thus bring about an aspirating action (suction), stimulated by the traction cable [see n° 15/fig. 3], as we have said constantly in tension, attached to the same and connected to the "smaller" piston of the corresponding opposite set, which will be in loading phase in this moment.

A further classification of the reloading function in the loading pipeline is brought about by a (secondary) additional pipeline [see n° 16/fig.l] of lesser pre-set diameter, always full of liquid, connecting the principal loading pipeline with the cylinder beneath; with the entrance applied laterally to the cylinder itself [see n° 17/fig. 4], that is positioned above the level of the end stroke of the "larger" piston in the return state of the latter (stopped after ascent); with the entrance of the loading pipeline, set exactly below the level of the "smaller" piston in its end-stroke position, induced by the action of the opposite set.

The additional pipeline, connected to the principal section with relative gate valves controlled by electro-pneumatic valves, is equipped at the base with a "hydraulic pump providing suction and pressure [see n° 18/fig. 4]; this application maintains the periodic function of transferring a set quantity of the water that has remained trapped during the inverse transfer of the cylinder and in the conical duct (thus between the "larger" piston in its end-stroke position and the interception valve with the loading pipeline closed), thus drawing off the cylinder to reduce the quantity of water in the main pipeline [see n° 19/fig. 4] below the "smaller" piston.

The additional system activated in the system operation, is functional in the reload to the constant presence of water in the main loading pipeline up to its capacity, thus filling the portion of the pipeline with a volume equal to that expressed by the contents present in the duct with conical section (set above the cylinder and connected to the principal pipeline) which in consequence will be emptied again [see n° 7/fig. 4]; the defined addition, serving to reconstitute the starting (initial) conditions of the plant, then to repetition during the successive actions of the plant of the fall of liquids in the principal pipeline in the cylinder, carried out exactly as the first time.

The "accessory" pipeline is also fitted, in the upper round part, with a water inlet relative to topping up [see n° 20/fig.4] which may be required by a loss of level that may occur during the plant's activity. The constant presence of liquid in the pipelines of the principal hydraulic column and in the accessory pipeline protects the plant from various stresses such as the turbulence of flow in the water threads and jerks.

An alternative, which may sustain the reloading action in the main pipeline, the loading column above the cylinder, through the transfer of the liquid considered, consists in the possibility of transmitting "compressed" air into the zone of the cylinder between the inner part of the "larger" piston in reloading position and the end of the cylinder beneath [see n° 21/fig. 7], closed in this case by a sealing plate [see n° 32/fig. 4], with the two elements making up an expansion chamber adequate for the function of movement.

Through activation of the compressed air the "larger" piston will thus be pushed upwards in the cylinder, towards its starting position, whilst the water pushed towards the loading pipeline, as indicated, will be facilitated in its movement by the conical connector duct above the cylinder. A release valve applied in correspondence with the defined expansion chamber [see n° 22/fig.7] provides in the successive action for the instantaneous expulsion

"decompression" of the air that is present, to be excluded in the following function of system loading.

The passage of the solid bar connected to the "larger" piston, through the base plate will thus be facilitated and stabilised.

o o o o o

In this section of the apparatus of the plant it will be necessary to use one or more compressors of pre-set power for the production of compressed air used during the various phases of movement (in the chamber pressurised during the loading action and alternatively in the reloading action) and the creation of pressures for bringing the pistons back into starting position, through the activation of electro-pneumatic valves. The system further requires the use of hydraulic pumps relative to the actions of complementary reloading in the principal pipeline via the accessory pipeline.

The system also features automation of all movements, with the specific use of electric switchboards and of additional electro-technical and electronic control devices, necessary for establishing the correct timings of the phases of action in the section of the plant under consideration.

The adoption of these means and the machinery and technological devices to be applied to the system will be set out in distinct groupings; the applications will then be entirely independent and be powered by specific plants which will be external to the system. In terms of the functionality and use of the plant, a foreseeable diversification [see fig. 7] may be applied in a solution which expands the modes of its design, maintaining the principles adopted with the originality of the invention unchanged.

In this further different form of the plant the cylinder (thus a series of "n" cylinders) may be shifted with a rotation of 90° [see 36/flg.7] leaving the layout of the conical duct and principal loading pipeline above unchanged.

In this instance the cylinder will be supported by specific "saddles" which will provide support and anchoring for the cylinder.

The "larger" piston moving inside the cylinder, moving now in a horizontal direction, will carry out, with the associated solid bar, the same function as in the case of vertical layout of the cylinder.

In this solution the counter-set pair of cylinders will be closer together, in a position defined by the connecting rocker arm, which will be excluded as it will be substituted by the articulated element connected to the solid bars.

The plant will maintain its characteristic double form; thus unchanged with the system of paired cylinders which will be aligned both vertically and horizontally, thus enabling the solid bars applied to the "larger" pistons [see n° 33/fig. 7] to push each other reciprocally in their alternate movements during the phases of loading and reloading; the applied solid bars, thus paired, are connected by extensions (sprockets) and, as indicated, linked with requisite friction joints and junctions applied to their heads [see n° 34/fig. 7].

Thus the counter-thrust for reloading the "larger" piston is achieved by the

correspondence, coinciding with the front piston, centred reciprocally; thus, and in alternative either by thrust from the sprocket consisting in the extension of the solid bar applied to the "larger" piston emerging from the closing head on the side of the cylinder, or by dragging through the insertion of compressed air in the chamber formed between the "same" lateral closing plate sealing the cylinder and the "larger" piston [see n° 21 /fig. 7]; thus in a similar manner to the previous vertical solution.

In this solution in the cylinder, before the action of load transfer, there is a composite volume of air [see n° 30/fig. 7) equivalent to the space defined between the "larger" piston in its starting position between the base walls and the circular wall of the cylinder up to the top level of the same established this time at the lowest level in the connection between the circularity of the back of the cylinder and the round major base of the conical duct.

** ** **

The following "mechanical" section of the plant is articulated in the movement of components, which are made up of:

a) the solid bar [see n° 11/fig.l] made up of round or square solid, set beneath the "larger" piston in the cylinder, to which it is firmly attached and is moved in linear fashion by the same

b) the cogwheel strip [see n° 11/fig. 1] applied, or directly inserted in the structure of the solid bar, of pre-set "length" extension, is set in contact with a dimensioned cogwheel [see n° 25/fig.l], thus ttansmitting to it rotatory motion, derived from the contact with the rectilinear movement of the generating strip during the loading in the cylinder; c) the cogwheel (and therefore the series of "n" cogwheels) which reduce rectilinear motion into rotatory motion; this, in turn, is connected to the centre or fixed to an axle [see n° 26/fig.l];

d) the transmission shaft, anchored independently on one side; of sufficient range, it is the receptor of other identical serial movements combined with the series of "n" cogwheels to which it is connected and the relative sets of cylinders.

The cogwheel applied to the axle is in contact with the cogwheel strip of the solid bar, and will act in combination with the action of loading and with the movement of the "larger" piston causing the rotatory movement of the axle itself, whilst during the reloading of the system, with the return of the cogwheel strip towards the starting position, it will act "in neutral" [see n° 27/fig. 1] thus running freely on a crown of ball bearings, excluding in this phase of movement any interference of dragging action of the axle.

With the possible redoubling of the cogwheel bands applied in addition to the solid bar [see n° 1 la/fig. 1], "in this case re-dimensioned", relative to a "larger" piston, set on the two opposing sides of the solid bar, the plant will be sufficient to receive two transmission shaft which will be combined with two shafts of opposing sections, consequent to the "double" set-up of the system; thus determining the potential and layout spread over a total of four transmission shafts.

0 0 0 0 0

The industrial invention described is substantially characterised by and based on: a) adoption in the function of the plant, during the action of compressed air substituting water, pre-set for the formation of a hydraulic column which remains limited in its dimensions for effects of practicality and in reality brings about a simulated "virtual" presence equivalent to a column of fluid water of considerable height which would otherwise be difficult to achieve;

b) the adoption of the rocker arm which, related to the "double" composition of the cylinders, effects the action of reloading sustained alternately in the hydraulic columns. c) the adoption of the collateral system for the transport of the fluid water when the system is active, with transfer and topping up; functions which permit substantial conservation of the fluid water without any recourse to other adjustments.

d) the adoption of the central joint, which links the sprockets applied to the "larger" pistons converging towards the joint; set as an alternative to the rocker arm which is excluded in the combined form of the diversified plant with 90° rotation of the cylinders on the horizontal "table".

The invention derives as a substantial effect the realisation of the movement of a "motor" transmission shaft whose mobile head is susceptible to various applications and/or uses of industrial character, with the movement regulated by machinery.

In accordance with the fixed aims and with the intention of extending the range of industrial use of the invention, we may consider the further applications of our system, applying after the "motor" transmission shaft a series of devices or applying tools normally available in the industrial field.:

* the "pulsating" mode of the movements generated, brought about in time by the fall in sequence of the solid bars (or of the sprockets) applied drawn in the loading of the "larger" pistons of "n" cylinders, and then transmitted to the cogwheels, can be regulated (with linear reduction) mechanically, in part by the timed superimposition of the single movements of the hydrodynamic loads and especially through the application in each of the heads used of the transmission shafts of one or more "flywheels" in a series of flywheels which stabilise the regularity of the rotatory mechanical movement of the shaft itself [see n° 28/fig.6];

* a mechanical multiplier, applied in sequence to each of the heads of the

transmission shafts used in the system [see n° 29/fig. 6], directly provides the increase in revolutions of the shaft itself such that it creates, with the programmed settings, the number of revolutions in times set by the layout of the plant; pre-set by the adoption of specific uses like the application of rotors of significant mobility, also permitting for the mechanical part motor powering of electric alternators and inverters.

The mechanical motion produced and relative energy, determined and then transmitted to the transmission shaft, are derived with the superior and general calculation of the hydraulic and mechanical combinations which constitute, in the end, the quantity of movement (number of revolutions of the shaft) and the power (dragging capacity) provided by the movement of the shaft itself, after the relative "physical" passages applied to the system with reference to the derivation of uses of the forces generated.

** ** **

In order to make the description of the Invention given above more explicative, there here follows a list of the corresponding elements and indications with numbers and/or letters in the designs. KEY

n° 1 = larger piston

n° 2 = empty cylinder

n° 3 = pipeline column in loading

n° 4 = closed diaphragm

n° 4a = suspended (closed) diaphragm) n° 5 = horizontal "table" plane

n° 6 = closed plate at the top of loading pipeline n° 7 = empty conical duct

n° 8 = initial compressed air expansion chamber n° 9 = smaller piston

n° 10 = volume of water fixed in the cylinder n° ll = solid bar

n° 11a = rack fixed to bar or derived from it n° 12 = full cylinder and conical duct n° 13a = separate water loading in pipeline n° 13b = separate water loading in conical duct n° 14 = rocker arm

n° 15 = traction cable

n° 16 = static accessory pipeline

n° 17 = connection to accessory loading pipeline n° 18 = hydraulic pump piston n° 19 accessory pump

n° 20 = water top-up valve

n° 21 = air intake on base of cylinder

n° 22 = air vent (decompression) base of cylinder

n° 23 = compressed air intake principal column

n° 24 = air vent (decompression) principal column

n° 25 = toothed wheel

n° 26 = transmission "motor" shaft

n° 27 = clutch - free wheel, with ball-bearings - applied to motor shaft n° 28 = mechanical flywheel for stabilisation of movement

n° 29 = mechanical multiplier of revolutions of drive shaft

n° 30 = loaded cylinder

n° 31 = cylinder under loading

n° 32 = cylinder base plate

n° 33 = horizontal solid bars

n° 34 = joint applied to horizontal solid bars

n° 35 = central fulcrum of rocker arms

n° 36 = cylinders turned through 90°

hi = height of column of water

h2 = "virtual" height of column with compressed air

H = total "virtual" height of the column

A = hydraulic section

al = table above table below

(e.g. electric generator, inverter) mechanical section

Claims

CLAIMS for the Invention

o o o o o o

1) Process for the formation of mechanical movement, of suitable potential, generated by the mechanical energy produced by the generation plant of this energy which is developed by the combination between the hydraulic and mechanical section components, which are closely connected, the former being the generator of the development and increase of physical forces and relative power deriving from the pressures caused by the expansion and fall of the fluids compressed air and water, and the latter being the receptor of the stresses that are induced, which are then reduced into stabilised mechanical motion in a "motor" transmission shaft with circular section, to which applications of the machine compatible with mechanical motion can be applied; including, revolving machinery in general, and electrical induction machines, the electric inverters or alternators directly fixed to the transmission shaft or induced by the movement with the use of pulleys connected to the shaft by flexible organs such as belts or conveyor belts; including the insertion in sequence of "n", vertical hydraulic columns distributed in two groups each of equal consistence set exactly against each other, connected at the base by the series of "n" rigid rocker arms with central fulcrum equidistant from the hydraulic columns; each column formed at the start by the above circular loading tubing of pertinent diameter, closed at the top with a sealing lid, containing at the summit an expansion chamber for compressed air equipped with a loading and release valve, further containing a mobile diaphragm for the separation of the fluids compressed air and water, made up of a piston, defined as smaller piston subject to dragging for the return to position of the traction cable connected between two opposing tubes, limited at the base by a gate valve activated by an electro-pneumatic valve which regulates the flow of water between the component parts of the hydraulic column; including next in each hydraulic column, the conical joint section of the tube with the cylinder below, this cylinder being of pertinent diameter set vertically compared to a horizontal plane of connector and support, the cylinder closed at the base by a sealing plate, containing inside it an active mobile head coupled with a larger piston, sliding towards the base due to the effect of the pressures above induced in the volume of the cylinder by the presence of falling liquids in the case of the water or in expansion in the surrounding space due to the effect of the compression in the case of the air in the process; including for each hydraulic column an accessory device functional to a return to the starting state of the hydraulic system during the reload phase, made up of a smaller tube and an applied hydraulic pump, equipped with a top-up valve for the water at the top, serving to refill the column itself; including in each of the hydraulic columns the constant presence of a quantity of water variously displaced in the positions and sections of the column according to the phases of the procedure; including in each hydraulic column a solid, fixed metallic bar incorporated in the internal surface of the mobile head of the larger piston, of pertinent length such that it reaches the head of barycentric rocker arm to which it is connected with a functional joint, in the same way as the bar present in the hydraulic column set against it, forming the couple; including the rack strips applied to the solid bar or reduced in thickness in the same, which are moved directly together with the mobile head in function in the cylinder; including one or two cogwheels combined, as required by the application, with the rack strips, which translate rectilinear motion into rotatory motion, with traction in a single direction, and return established by the free wheel set at the centre of the cogwheel; including the transmission shafts applied to the rack strips and the cog wheels, each of which remains bound to the centre of all the wheels relative to its opposite line, depending for their movement on the respective hydraulic column, constituting the final result of mechanical movement induced in the plant,

2) Process for the formation of mechanical movement generated by the energy produced by the plant according to claim I, characterised by the fact that it includes on the head of each hydraulic column the expansion chamber for the compressed air, with the applications of charging and venting the air, functional to the determination in the upper part of the circular tube of the column of a temporal pressure equivalent to the pressure exercised by a considerably taller column of water, substantiating during the expansion the virtual yet operative presence of a column of water of predefined, commensurate height up to the ordered surface of the water, yet restricting the dimensioning of the same; the air, though still kept separate from the water in the tube my means of a diaphragm made up of a smaller sliding piston, is associated in the effects of the fluids moved during the action of loading in the column.

3) Process for the formation of mechanical movement of the energy generated by the plant according to one or more of the previous claims, characterised by the presence in each hydraulic column of an accessory device functional to the reloading of the column, including a smaller circular tube doubly linked to the main loading tube in the column and to the hydraulic pump provided, formalised by the presence of three gate valves with timed shutters with electro-pneumatic control, for the procedure of the transfer and topping-up of the water in different positions in the loading tube; the purpose of the additional device is to bring about a return to the starting state of the load for each hydraulic column.

4) Process for formation of mechanical movement generated by the energy produced by the plant according to one or more of the previous claims, characterised by the presence at the base of the circular loading tube of each hydraulic column of the gate valve, made up of the valve with electro- pneumatic control, forming a diaphragm between the tube itself and the conical section below and the cylinder, pre-set for timed transfer of the water with overflow of the same water from the upper tube towards the cylinder below during the loading phase, or, in the opposite procedure in the action of topping-up, with the return into the feeding tube.

5) Process for the formation of mechanical movement generated by the energy produced by the plant according to one or more of the previous claims, characterised by the presence in each cylinder of the hydraulic column of an interactive device made up of a mobile head which receives the pressures from above created by the forced fall of the fluid and the forces applied, connected to the larger piston moving within the cylinder itself and, closely connected, by the solid metallic bar applied to the inner surface of the piston itself, bringing about with the associated common movement the downward shift of the solid metallic bar supporting the further applications of the rack strips, the latter being the pristine generator of the linear mechanical movement to be transmitted.

6) Process for the formation of mechanical movement generated by the energy produced by the plant according to one or more of the previous claims, characterised by the presence of rocker arms applied to the hydraulic columns distributed in parallel series and considered combined through the effect of their positioning; with the fulcrum of each central place equidistant from the columns, connected to the solid metallic bars below coming from each column with an intersecting joint that is functional to the balanced movements; the rocker arms are designed for effecting the refill of each hydraulic column set against the corresponding column in time with the loading function.

7) Process for the formation of mechanical movement generated by the energy produced by the plant according to one or more of the previous claims, characterised by the diversification of the refilling system of the hydraulic columns, obtained by rotation of the cylinders below through 90* compared to the vertical thus resting on the specific seating on the horizontal plane of reference and, as required with integral-support function for the cylinders; with the application of a central articulation linking to the solid metallic bars appropriately extended, set in alignment with the columns, acting alternatively in contraposition; forming in this instance the substitute device instead of the abolished rocker arms.

8) Process for the formation of mechanical movement generated by the plant according to one or more of the previous claims, characterised by the presence of water in constant quantities in the hydraulic columns; at the beginning of the upper circular tubing and then in the cylinder, below the conical section for a specific height, and always in the accessory tubing; then, during the phases of operation of the plant, set in different positions due to the movement of the same.