WO2014173447A1 - Procédé permettant de faire fonctionner et/ou d'entretenir une éolienne - Google Patents

Procédé permettant de faire fonctionner et/ou d'entretenir une éolienne Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014173447A1
WO2014173447A1 PCT/EP2013/058605 EP2013058605W WO2014173447A1 WO 2014173447 A1 WO2014173447 A1 WO 2014173447A1 EP 2013058605 W EP2013058605 W EP 2013058605W WO 2014173447 A1 WO2014173447 A1 WO 2014173447A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
blade
hub element
ring
connection means
slewing bearing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2013/058605
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Koos WELLING
Jascha Van Pommeren
Dennis Vervoorn
Original Assignee
Aktiebolaget Skf
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Aktiebolaget Skf filed Critical Aktiebolaget Skf
Priority to PCT/EP2013/058605 priority Critical patent/WO2014173447A1/fr
Publication of WO2014173447A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014173447A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/06—Rotors
    • F03D1/065—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
    • F03D1/0658—Arrangements for fixing wind-engaging parts to a hub
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
    • F03D80/50—Maintenance or repair
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/50—Bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/70—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades
    • F05B2260/79—Bearing, support or actuation arrangements therefor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for operating and/or maintaining a wind turbine, wherein the wind turbine comprises a hub element at which a number of blades is mounted, wherein a slewing bearing is arranged between the hub element and a blade for rotationally supporting the blade relatively to the hub element, wherein first connection means are provided for fixing the blade to a first ring of the slewing bearing, wherein second connection means are provided for fixing the hub element to a second ring of the slewing bearing, and wherein a pitch drive is provided for engaging with the first ring of the slewing bearing and actively adjusting a pitch angle of the blade.
  • a number of blades is arranged at a hub element; the hub element rotates during normal operation of the wind turbine around an axis.
  • Each blade is supported by means of a slewing bearing (pitch bearing) in such a manner that the blade can be rotated around the longitudinal axial of the blade relative to the hub element to adjust the pitch of the blade.
  • the blade can be positioned in such a manner at the hub element that the wind streaming can be exploited in an optimal manner.
  • the blade is rotated around its longitudinal axial through a relatively small swivel angle, e.g. between 0° and 35°, which is the working range of the blade during power production.
  • a pitch drive is employed.
  • the bearing ring to which the blade is attached comprises a geared ring that engages with a motor-driven pinion gear.
  • a s o l u t i o n is characterized in that the method for operating and/or maintaining a wind turbine comprises the steps of: a) Mounting third connection means for establishing a firm connection between the hub element and a blade; b) Dismounting the first connection means between the blade and the first ring of the slewing bearing, so that the first ring can rotate relatively to the blade; c) Turning the first ring of the slewing bearing around a predetermined angle by means of the pitch drive relatively to the blade and/or relatively to the hub element; d) Mounting the first connection means between the blade and the first ring of the slewing bearing; e) Dismounting the third connection means between the hub element and the blade.
  • the first bearing ring of the slewing bearing to which the blade is attached is rotated through a predetermined angle to bring the bearing ring to a relatively fresh or unused section of its circumference.
  • the first bearing ring may be the inner ring or the outer ring of the bearing.
  • both the first and second rings of the slewing bearing are rotated through the predetermined angle.
  • the step of dismounting b) then further comprises dismounting the second connection means between the hub element and the second bearing ring, so that the second ring can rotate relatively to the hub element.
  • the step of turning c) comprises turning both the first and second bearing rings and the step of mounting d) further comprises mounting the second connection means between the hub element and the second bearing ring.
  • the method comprises, between steps b) and c), a following step of: bl) Mounting fourth connection means for establishing a firm connection between the first ring and the second ring of the slewing bearing.
  • step e the fourth connection means are dismounted again.
  • the blade is brought into a vertical orientation before above mentioned step a) is carried out.
  • the force of gravity on the blade will then help prevent that the first and second bearing rings become locked between the hub element and the blade, so that they can be rotated.
  • the predetermined angle can be according to a preferred solution between 60° and 180°.
  • the bearing is executed with a filler plug through which rolling elements are inserted into the bearing. At the location of the plug, the raceway is unhard- ened and is thus arranged in a zone where minimal loading occurs. A rotation through 180 0 is then advantageous, to ensure that the unhardened part is not located in the loaded zone.
  • the third connection means for establishing a firm connection between the hub element and a blade may comprise two flange-like rings which are firmly connected with the hub element and with the blade respectively.
  • the two flange-like rings can extend in a radially outer or radially direction of the hub element and the blade respectively.
  • the two flange-like rings can be connected to the hub element and to the blade respectively by welding.
  • the third connection means can further comprise connection rods which connect the two flange-like rings.
  • the third connection means for establishing a firm connection between the hub element and a blade comprise a plurality of brackets which can be mounted at a radially inner region between the hub element and the blade.
  • the third connection means for establishing a firm connection between the hub element and a blade comprise a plurality of brackets which can be mounted at a radially outer region between the hub element and the blade.
  • a number of brackets are distributed equidistantly around the circumference of the hub element and blade respectively.
  • the first and second connection means are mostly bolted connections.
  • the third and fourth connection means may comprise bolted connections.
  • the hub element may comprise two or more blade receptions, wherein the method is carried out sequentially for all blades.
  • the proposed method may be repeated after a predetermined operation time of the wind turbine.
  • the idea of the present invention is based on the concept that the blade is temporarily firmly attached to the hub element.
  • the bearing rings of the slewing bearing are released from their connection to the hub element and blade respectively.
  • the pitch drive is then used to turn preferably both bearing rings to a "fresh" or “unused” position in which the slewing bearing (i.e. a part of the same) can operate optimally for an extended period.
  • the life of the slewing bearing will be increased significantly.
  • the method of the invention provides for "in situ" shifting of the slewing bearing in a straightforward manner. In effect, the slewing bearing is refurbished on site according to a highly cost effective procedure.
  • the mentioned re-adjustment of the rings of the slewing bearing can beneficially be done without removing the blade from the hub element.
  • the readjustment of the inner ring and the outer ring of the slewing bearing can be done without removing or rotating the hub or the blade.
  • Additional devices for the mentioned shifting can be avoided by the fact that the regular pitch drive is used for shifting.
  • no extra actuator is needed.
  • the shifting is done only with the regular pitch drive.
  • Fig. 1 shows a partial perspective view of a hub element of a wind turbine on which three blades are mounted
  • Fig. 2 shows a sectional perspective view of the transition between the hub element and a blade during normal operation of the wind turbine
  • Fig. 3 shows a sectional perspective view of the transition between the hub element and a blade, wherein third connection means are mounted for firmly connecting the hub element with the blade
  • Fig. 4 shows a sectional perspective view according to Fig. 3, wherein the connection between the hub element and the blade and the respective rings of a slewing bearing are dismounted
  • Fig. 5 shows an alternative embodiment of the invention in the depiction according to Fig. 3,
  • Fig. 6 shows a further alternative embodiment of the invention in the depiction according to Fig. 3, where brackets are used which are mounted in a radially inner region and
  • Fig. 7 shows a further alternative embodiment of the invention in the depiction according to Fig. 3, where brackets are used which are mounted in a radially outer region.
  • a hub element 1 of a wind turbine is shown. It is designed to take three blades 2. Each blade 2 is rotatable about its longitudinal axis for adjusting a pitch angle of the blade.
  • a respective pitch drive 4 is arranged at the transition zone between the hub element 1 and the blade 2. From the pitch drive 4 only a geared ring is shown.
  • the geared ring is mounted to or forms an integral part of a first bearing ring, to which the blade is mounted.
  • the pitch drive further comprises means (not shown) for driving the geared ring, such as a pinion gear on a motor.
  • the first bearing ring may comprise a stud that is connected to the output piston of a linear actuator.
  • the pitch drive is designed according to the state of the art so that additional explanations are redundant.
  • a slewing bearing 3 is employed.
  • the slewing bearing 3 has a first ring 6 (inner ring) and a second ring 8 (outer ring), between which rolling elements (balls) 14 are arranged.
  • a radially inner circumference of the first ring 6 comprises the geared ring of the pitch drive 4.
  • first connection means 5 which are bolts.
  • second connection means 7 which are also bolts.
  • first flange-like ring 12 is arranged, which is connected to the blade 2 by means of welding in this example. Furthermore, between the second ring 8 and the hub element 1 a second flange- like ring 11 is arranged, which is connected to the hub element 1 also by welding.
  • the situation as shown in Fig. 2 is the regular operation situation when the wind turbine is working.
  • the two rings 6, 8 of the slewing bearing 3 are firmly connected with the hub element 1 and the blade 2 respectively.
  • the bearing 3 allows a proper adjustment of the blade 2 relatively to the hub element 1.
  • wear takes place in the slewing bearing 3 but - due to the relatively small swivel angle of the slewing bearing and the dominant loads in one direction - this wear extends along a relatively small part of the circumference of the bearing rings 6, 8 only.
  • a worn part of the bearing ring circumference adjoins to parts of the circumference which are relatively un-worn or fresh.
  • third connection means 9 are mounted for establishing a firm connection between the hub element 1 and the blade 2 as depicted in Fig. 3.
  • the third connection means 9 comprise the flange-like rings 11 and 12 between which a plurality of connection rods 13 are mounted around the circumference of the slewing bearing 3.
  • the sleeve-like connection rods 13 are fixed with screws 15 and 16 with the respective flange-like rings 11 , 12.
  • the slewing bearing 3 is by-passed and no longer needs to transmit any force to hold the blade 2 on the hub element 1.
  • fourth connection means 10 are mounted for establishing a firm connection between the first ring 6 and the second ring 8 of the slewing bearing 3.
  • the fourth connection means 10 are shown in Fig. 4 only very schematically.
  • the first and second rings 6 and 8 of the slewing bearing 3 are turned around a predetermined second angle, e.g. through 90° in a clockwise direction, relative to the hub element 1.
  • a predetermined second angle e.g. through 90° in a clockwise direction
  • first connection means 5 between the blade 2 and the first ring 6 of the slewing bearing 3 as well as the second connection means 7 between the hub element 1 and the second ring 8 of the slewing bearing 3 are mounted again.
  • connection means 9 between the hub element 1 and the blade 2 are dismounted again to bring the slewing bearing in normal operation conditions.
  • Fig. 5 an alternative to the above discussed solution is shown. Basically, the same principle is used. The only difference is that here the flange-like rings 11 and 12 extend substantially radially inward of the hub element 1 and blade 2 respectively.
  • the third connection means 9 are not arranged in the radially outer side of the hub element 1 as depicted in Fig. 3 but in the radially inner region.
  • Fig. 5 is basically identical to the embodiment according to Fig. 2 - Fig. 4, but now the spacers are located on the inside of the construction, making it possible to establish the connection between the hub element 1 and the blade 2 from within the hub. A service engineer does not need to climb outside to establish this connection.
  • a certain drawback in the described embodiments is that it can be difficult to get the regular bolts of the first or second connection means past the radial plates (flange-like rings).
  • the bolts connecting the bearing to the hub would have to go through the radial plate at the blade side.
  • the bolts connecting the blade to the bearing would have to go through the radial plate on the hub side.
  • the radial plates (flange-like rings 11, 12) have many holes which allow bolt removal. These holes reduce the strength and stiffness of the radial plate.
  • Fig. 6 A possible solution how to avoid these problems is shown in Fig. 6.
  • the third connection means 9 are established by brackets 17 to connect the hub element 1 with the blade 2.
  • some of the connection bolts of the first and/or second connection means 5, 7 are removed locally, then the brackets 17 are mounted on those positions; then all the other bolts of the first and/or second connection means 7 are removed.
  • brackets 17 is mounted here equidistantly around the inner circumference of the hub element 1 and blade 2.
  • the brackets 17 are designed as lightweight elements (e.g. with a mass up to 15 kg per bracket 17) that can be carried manually into a tower by a service engineer.
  • the service engineer can mount the brackets 17 on the inside of the construction, he does not have to climb outside to mount them.
  • a hydraulic drive and torque/stiffening plates are used. These can possibly interfere with the brackets 17 in the radially inner region as shown in Fig. 6.
  • the embodiment according to Fig. 7 proposes that brackets 18 are mounted on the outside.
  • connection between the hub element 1 and the blade 2 is preferably established by mounting the brackets 18 directly to the hub and the blade. It is possible to use the same bracket 18 at any position around the circumference of the hub element 1 and blade 2.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé permettant de faire fonctionner et/ou d'entretenir une éolienne, l'éolienne comprenant un élément moyeu (1) sur lequel est monté un certain nombre de pales (2). Un palier d'orientation (3) est agencé entre l'élément moyen (1) et une pale (2) et sert à ajuster la position de la pale par rapport à l'élément moyeu (1), une commande de pas (4) est conçue pour ajuster la position de la pale, de premiers moyens de raccordement (5) sont conçus pour la fixation de la pale (2) à une première bague (6) du palier d'orientation (3) et de deuxièmes moyens de raccordement (7) sont conçus pour la fixation de l'élément moyeu (1) à une deuxième bague (8) du palier d'orientation (5). Visant à faciliter l'entretien de l'éolienne, le procédé selon l'invention comprend les étapes suivantes,: a) montage de troisièmes moyens de raccordement (9) permettant de créer un raccordement fixe entre l'élément moyeu (1) et une pale (2) ; b) démontage d'au moins les premiers moyens de raccordement (5) ; c) rotation de la première bague (9) du palier d'orientation (3) au moyen de la commande de pas (4) selon un angle prédéterminé par rapport à la pale (2) ; d) montage des premiers moyens de raccordement (5) entre la pale (2) et la première bague (6) du palier d'orientation (3) ; e) démontage des troisièmes moyens de raccordement (9) entre l'élément moyeu (1) et la pale (2).
PCT/EP2013/058605 2013-04-25 2013-04-25 Procédé permettant de faire fonctionner et/ou d'entretenir une éolienne WO2014173447A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2013/058605 WO2014173447A1 (fr) 2013-04-25 2013-04-25 Procédé permettant de faire fonctionner et/ou d'entretenir une éolienne

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2013/058605 WO2014173447A1 (fr) 2013-04-25 2013-04-25 Procédé permettant de faire fonctionner et/ou d'entretenir une éolienne

Publications (1)

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WO2014173447A1 true WO2014173447A1 (fr) 2014-10-30

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109973320A (zh) * 2019-04-28 2019-07-05 中交第一航务工程局有限公司 一种用于便捷完成风机叶轮组拼的轮毂旋转工装
ES2723800A1 (es) * 2018-02-23 2019-09-02 Laulagun Bearings S L Rodamiento con pista de rodadura rotatoria y método de mantenimiento de rodamiento con pista de rodadura rotatoria
CN110425089A (zh) * 2019-08-09 2019-11-08 国电联合动力技术(连云港)有限公司 一种用于风机叶片整体吊装维修的支撑设备
DE102018130895A1 (de) * 2018-12-04 2020-06-04 Wobben Properties Gmbh Rotor für eine Windenergieanlage und Verfahren
CN113931789A (zh) * 2020-06-29 2022-01-14 新疆金风科技股份有限公司 叶轮驱动装置以及风力发电机组

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20120141280A1 (en) 2010-12-03 2012-06-07 AVAILON GmbH Method and apparatus for turning a rotor blade bearing on wind turbines without using a mobile crane
EP2463521A2 (fr) * 2010-12-08 2012-06-13 Vestas Wind Systems A/S Engrenage à pas
EP2481926A1 (fr) * 2011-01-27 2012-08-01 Fuji Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Procédé de changement de phase et gabarit de changement de phase pour roulement de pale

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20120141280A1 (en) 2010-12-03 2012-06-07 AVAILON GmbH Method and apparatus for turning a rotor blade bearing on wind turbines without using a mobile crane
EP2463521A2 (fr) * 2010-12-08 2012-06-13 Vestas Wind Systems A/S Engrenage à pas
EP2481926A1 (fr) * 2011-01-27 2012-08-01 Fuji Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Procédé de changement de phase et gabarit de changement de phase pour roulement de pale

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2723800A1 (es) * 2018-02-23 2019-09-02 Laulagun Bearings S L Rodamiento con pista de rodadura rotatoria y método de mantenimiento de rodamiento con pista de rodadura rotatoria
DE102018130895A1 (de) * 2018-12-04 2020-06-04 Wobben Properties Gmbh Rotor für eine Windenergieanlage und Verfahren
WO2020115092A1 (fr) 2018-12-04 2020-06-11 Wobben Properties Gmbh Rotor pour éolienne et procédé
US11988188B2 (en) 2018-12-04 2024-05-21 Wobben Properties Gmbh Rotor for a wind turbine, and method
CN109973320A (zh) * 2019-04-28 2019-07-05 中交第一航务工程局有限公司 一种用于便捷完成风机叶轮组拼的轮毂旋转工装
CN110425089A (zh) * 2019-08-09 2019-11-08 国电联合动力技术(连云港)有限公司 一种用于风机叶片整体吊装维修的支撑设备
CN113931789A (zh) * 2020-06-29 2022-01-14 新疆金风科技股份有限公司 叶轮驱动装置以及风力发电机组
CN113931789B (zh) * 2020-06-29 2022-12-06 新疆金风科技股份有限公司 叶轮驱动装置以及风力发电机组

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