WO2014154011A1 - 蓝相液晶复合材料和含该材料的液晶显示器 - Google Patents

蓝相液晶复合材料和含该材料的液晶显示器 Download PDF

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WO2014154011A1
WO2014154011A1 PCT/CN2013/091127 CN2013091127W WO2014154011A1 WO 2014154011 A1 WO2014154011 A1 WO 2014154011A1 CN 2013091127 W CN2013091127 W CN 2013091127W WO 2014154011 A1 WO2014154011 A1 WO 2014154011A1
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liquid crystal
blue phase
phase liquid
crystal composite
monomer
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French (fr)
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杨槐
王玲
何万里
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BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
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BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
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    • C09K19/20—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings linked by a chain containing carbon and oxygen atoms as chain links, e.g. esters or ethers
    • C09K19/2007—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings linked by a chain containing carbon and oxygen atoms as chain links, e.g. esters or ethers the chain containing -COO- or -OCO- groups
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    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
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    • G02F1/133365—Cells in which the active layer comprises a liquid crystalline polymer
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    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
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    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
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    • C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
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    • C09K2019/0425—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit characterized by a specific unit that results in a functional effect
    • C09K2019/0437—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit characterized by a specific unit that results in a functional effect the specific unit being an optically active chain used as linking group between rings or as end group
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    • C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
    • C09K19/34—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least one heterocyclic ring
    • C09K19/3402—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least one heterocyclic ring having oxygen as hetero atom
    • C09K19/3405—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least one heterocyclic ring having oxygen as hetero atom the heterocyclic ring being a five-membered ring
    • C09K2019/3408—Five-membered ring with oxygen(s) in fused, bridged or spiro ring systems
    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
    • G02F1/13793—Blue phases

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to a blue phase liquid crystal composite material and a liquid crystal display comprising the same. Background technique
  • BPs Liquid crystalline Blue Phases
  • the blue phase is a lattice defect phase with no birefringence, and its lattice parameter size is equivalent to the order of visible wavelength (several hundred nanometers).
  • the blue phase can be divided into three sub-phases from the crystal structure, which are named blue phase I (BPI), blue phase II ( ⁇ ) and blue phase III (BPIII), respectively.
  • BPI blue phase I
  • ⁇ blue phase II
  • BPIII blue phase III
  • the corresponding lattice structures are respectively body-centered cubic structures. Single-cube structure and amorphous state.
  • the blue phase liquid crystal material is considered to be the most promising next-generation liquid crystal display material due to its microsecond-order electric field response speed. Compared with traditional liquid crystal displays, blue-phase liquid crystal displays have the following four major advantages:
  • the blue phase liquid crystal has a microsecond-order electric field response speed, field sequential driving can be used, and color filters are no longer needed, which can not only reduce material cost, but also improve backlight utilization;
  • the blue phase liquid crystal display has wide visual characteristics, no need for visual compensation film, and the visual width can be adjusted according to actual needs;
  • the content of the polymer monomer in the polymer blue phase liquid crystal is usually less than 10% by weight, the polymer network is extremely susceptible to deformation under electric field damage, and the life of the liquid crystal display is greatly shortened.
  • the blue phase liquid crystal droplets can be uniformly dispersed in the polymer matrix to form a polymer dispersed blue phase liquid crystal, and the polymer network has good stability under the action of an electric field, and is easy to realize large Area production.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a blue phase liquid crystal composite material having a low driving voltage and almost no electro-optical hysteresis and a liquid crystal display comprising the blue phase liquid crystal composite material.
  • a blue phase liquid crystal composite material which is formed by photopolymerization of a raw material component comprising: a mother blue phase liquid crystal, a photopolymerizable monomer, a light bow I hair and inorganic nanoparticles.
  • the feedstock component comprises, based on the total weight of the feedstock components:
  • Mother blue phase liquid crystal 68.0 wt% ⁇ 88.95 wt%;
  • Photopolymerizable monomer 10.0 wt% ⁇ 30.0 wt%;
  • Photoinitiator 1.0 wt% ⁇ 3.0 wt%
  • Inorganic nanoparticles 0.05 wt% ⁇ 2.0 wt%.
  • the blue phase temperature of the parent blue phase liquid crystal is greater than or equal to 5.0 °C.
  • composition of the parent blue phase liquid crystal comprises: SLC-X, R811, and Iso-(60BA) 2 , wherein the structural formula of R811 and Iso-(60BA) 2 is:
  • the parent blue phase liquid crystal includes, based on the total weight of the parent blue phase liquid crystal, SLC-X: 70.0 wt% ⁇ 85.0 wt%, R811: 5.0 wt% ⁇ 15.0 wt%, and Iso-(60BA) 2 : 5.0 wt% 15.0 wt%rac
  • the blue phase temperature range of the parent blue phase liquid crystal is from 5.0 ° C to 20.0 ° C.
  • the photoinitiator has the structural formula:
  • the photopolymerizable monomer is a non-liquid crystalline acrylate monomer.
  • the non-liquid crystalline acrylate monomer is a mixed monomer of a monofunctional monomer and a polyfunctional monomer, and the monofunctional monomer and polyfunctional in the non-liquid crystalline acrylate monomer.
  • the molar ratio of the monomers is from 1:1 to 1:9.
  • the monofunctional monomer is TMHA
  • the polyfunctional monomer is BDDA
  • the structural formula of TMHA is as follows:
  • BDDA structure of BDDA
  • the inorganic nanoparticles have a particle size of from 3 nm to 300 nm.
  • the inorganic nanoparticles are surface modified.
  • the inorganic nanoparticles are selected from the group consisting of non-ferroelectric nanoparticles ZnS.
  • the inorganic nanoparticles are selected from the group consisting of ferroelectric nanoparticles BaTi0 3 .
  • FIG. 1 is a voltage transmittance curve of a blue phase liquid crystal composite material prepared in Example 1 of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a driving voltage, electro-optical hysteresis, and ZnS nanoparticle concentration of a blue phase liquid crystal composite material; relation chart;
  • Figure 3 is a plot of the Cole constant K of the blue phase liquid crystal composite and the concentration of the device parameter A and the ZnS nanoparticles;
  • FIG. 4 is a voltage transmittance curve of a blue phase liquid crystal composite material prepared in Example 2 of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a graph showing relationship between driving voltage and electro-optic hysteresis of blue phase liquid crystal composite material and concentration of BaTiO 3 nanoparticles
  • Figure 6 is a graph showing the Cole constant K of the blue phase liquid crystal composite and the relationship between the device parameter A and the BaTiO 3 nanoparticle concentration. detailed description
  • the driving voltage of the polymer dispersed blue phase liquid crystal material mainly depends on the Coel constant K of the material and the device parameter A of the display device. Increasing the K value or decreasing the A value is beneficial to lowering the driving voltage of the blue phase liquid crystal;
  • the birefringence and the dielectric constant are favorable for increasing the K value, and A mainly depends on the electrode configuration of the device, and the electrode structure capable of generating a uniform electric field in the liquid crystal layer is advantageous for lowering the A value.
  • Inorganic nanoparticles have a large refractive index and dielectric constant.
  • the introduction of nanoparticles into the liquid crystal is beneficial to increase the birefringence and dielectric constant of the liquid crystal, thereby increasing the Cole constant of the blue phase liquid crystal, which can reduce the blue to some extent.
  • the driving voltage of the phase liquid crystal composite material is beneficial to increase the birefringence and dielectric constant of the liquid crystal, thereby increasing the Cole constant of the blue phase liquid crystal, which can reduce the blue to some extent.
  • the larger dipole moment of inorganic nanoparticles can reduce the electro-optic hysteresis of blue phase liquid crystal composites.
  • the inorganic ferroelectric nanoparticles can generate a polarization field under the action of an electric field, after introducing the ferroelectric nanoparticles into the blue phase liquid crystal, the polarization field generated by the ferroelectric nanoparticles can be used in the liquid crystal layer. The formation of a uniformly distributed electric field will eventually reduce the device parameter A of the display device, thereby greatly reducing the driving voltage of the blue phase liquid crystal.
  • the embodiment of the present invention greatly reduces the driving voltage of the blue phase liquid crystal display material by introducing the inorganic nanoparticles into the blue phase liquid crystal, and can realize the reversible recovery of the blue phase liquid crystal under the action of the electric field.
  • the blue phase liquid crystal composite material of the embodiment of the invention has stable preparation system, simple process tube, low viscosity, low driving voltage, no electro-optic hysteresis, and fast response to an electric field.
  • a blue phase liquid crystal composite material which is formed by photopolymerization of a raw material component comprising: a mother blue phase liquid crystal, a photopolymerizable monomer, Photoinitiators, inorganic nanoparticles.
  • the raw material component may include, based on the total weight of the raw material component:
  • Mother blue phase liquid crystal 68.0 wt% ⁇ 88.95 wt%;
  • Photopolymerizable monomer 10.0 wt% ⁇ 30.0 wt%;
  • Photoinitiator 1.0 wt% ⁇ 3.0 wt%
  • Inorganic nanoparticles 0.05 wt% ⁇ 2.0 wt%.
  • the parent blue phase liquid crystal may be, for example, 68.0%, 68.5%, 75%, 80%, 85% or 88.95% based on the total weight of the raw material component;
  • the photopolymerizable monomer may be, for example, based on 10%, 15%, 20%, 22.95%, 27% or 30% of the total weight of the raw material component;
  • the photoinitiator may be, for example, 1.0%, 2.0% based on the total weight of the raw material component Or 3.0%; and the inorganic nanoparticles may be, for example, 0.05%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% or 2.0% based on the total weight of the raw material component.
  • the blue phase temperature range of the above-mentioned mother blue phase liquid crystal may be 5.0 ° C or more.
  • composition of the above-mentioned parent blue phase liquid crystal may include: SLC-X, R811 and Iso-(60BA) 2 , wherein the structural formula of R811 and Iso-(60BA) 2 is:
  • the above parent blue phase liquid crystal may include: based on the total weight of the parent blue phase liquid crystal, SLC-X: 70.0 wt% - 85.0 wt%; R811: 5.0 wt% ⁇ 15.0 wt%; and Iso-(60BA) 2 : 5.0 wt % ⁇ 15.0 wt%schreib
  • the SLC-X may be, for example, 70%, 75%, 80%, 82% or 85% based on the total weight of the parent blue phase liquid crystal; the weight percentage of the R811 may be, for example, based on the mother blue phase liquid crystal 5%, 8%, 10% or 15% of the total weight; and the weight percentage of Iso-(60BA) 2 may be, for example, 5%, 8%, 10% based on the total weight of the parent blue phase liquid crystal , 12% or 15%.
  • the blue phase temperature range of the above-mentioned parent blue phase liquid crystal may be 5.0 ° C to 20.0 ° C.
  • the parent blue phase liquid crystal can also use other components and ratios of the prior art, only The blue phase temperature range is greater than or equal to 5 ° C.
  • the blue phase liquid crystal material has a viscosity of less than 50 mPa, a melting point in the range of -20 ° C to 25 ° C, and a clearing point in the range of 30 ° C to 200 ° C.
  • the photoinitiator described above may have the following structure:
  • the above photopolymerizable monomer may be a non-liquid crystalline acrylate monomer.
  • the non-liquid crystalline acrylate monomer may be a mixed monomer of a monofunctional monomer and a polyfunctional monomer, and the monofunctional monomer and the polyfunctional single in the non-liquid crystalline acrylate monomer.
  • the molar ratio of the body can be from 1:1 to 1:9.
  • the above monofunctional monomer may be TMHA
  • the polyfunctional monomer may be BDDA
  • the above inorganic nanoparticles may have a particle diameter of 3 nm to 300 nm.
  • the particle size of the inorganic nanoparticles may be, for example, 3 nm, 30 nm, 100 nm, 300 nm.
  • the above inorganic nanoparticles may be any one or more selected from the group consisting of non-ferroelectric nanoparticles ZnS, ZnO, GdS, and GdS e .
  • the above inorganic nanoparticles may be selected from the group consisting of ferroelectric nanoparticles BaTi0 3 , Sn 2 P 2 S 6 , LiNb0 3 And one or more of PbTi0 3 .
  • the above inorganic nanoparticles can be surface-modified.
  • surface modification may be performed by surface modification methods such as microemulsion method or surfactant method before use to obtain better dispersibility;
  • Electro-nanoparticles such as BaTi0 3 , Sn 2 P 2 S 6 , LiNb0 3 , and PbTi0 3 , may also be surface-modified by adding a surfactant at the time of use to have better dispersibility.
  • a liquid crystal display comprising the blue phase liquid crystal composite material described herein is also provided.
  • the liquid crystal display can be: any product or component having a display function such as a liquid crystal panel, a mobile phone, a tablet, a television, a display, a notebook, a digital photo frame, a navigator, and the like.
  • a blue phase liquid crystal composite material is prepared by photopolymerization of 100 g of a raw material component comprising 68.5 g of a mother blue phase liquid crystal, 30.0 g of a photopolymerizable monomer, 1.0 g of a photoinitiator, and 0.5 g of an inorganic nanoparticle. Particle ZnS.
  • the above blue phase liquid crystal composite material is prepared by the following steps:
  • Step 1 Preparation of inorganic nanoparticles ZnS
  • Triton X-100 Triton X-100
  • Triton X-100 50 ml of surfactant Triton X-100 (Triton X-100) was added to 200 ml of cyclohexane.
  • 60 ml of a 0.3 mol/L thioacetamide solution was added to the cyclohexane solution X-100 dissolved in the above-mentioned surfactant, and 120 ml of n-butyl was slowly added dropwise under magnetic stirring. The alcohol, until the solution is clear, forms a thioacetamide microemulsion.
  • An acetic acid microemulsion was prepared in a manner similar to the above except that an equimolar amount of 0.3 mol L of a solution of acetic acid was used in place of the above thioacetamide solution instead of the thioacetamide solution.
  • the obtained thioacetamide microemulsion and the acetic acid microemulsion were mixed, stirred uniformly with a magnetic stirrer, and reacted under ultrasonic waves for 6 hours to obtain a pale yellow emulsion.
  • the emulsion was steamed, ethanol was added to break, centrifuged, and washed twice with water and ethanol, and dried under vacuum to obtain 1.0 g spherical non-ferroelectric inorganic nanoparticles ZnS having an average particle diameter of about 3 nm.
  • a mixed monomer of a monofunctional monomer TMHA and a difunctional monomer BDDA was used as the photo-combinable monomer, wherein the molar ratio of the monofunctional monomer TMHA to the difunctional monomer BDDA was 1:4.
  • the structural formula of the monofunctional polymerizable monomer TMHA is as follows:
  • a blue phase liquid crystal prepolymer was prepared by mixing 30.0 g of a photopolymerizable monomer, 1.0 g of a photoinitiator, and 68.5 g of the precursor blue phase liquid crystal prepared in the step 2.
  • the nanoparticles are doped with a blue phase liquid crystal prepolymer.
  • a blue phase liquid crystal composite material (PDBP + ZnS) can be obtained by crosslinking a molecule of a photocrosslinking group to form a polymer network.
  • the electro-optic hysteresis characteristic of a blue phase liquid crystal is generally defined as ⁇ . ⁇ , where, . ⁇ is the voltage value corresponding to the maximum transmittance, and ⁇ is the difference between the voltage forward acting and the reverse acting voltage when the transmittance is half of the highest transmittance. ⁇ / .
  • A represents the device parameter and its value is affected by the electrode configuration
  • K is the Kerr constant of the material.
  • the voltage transmittance curves of the blue phase liquid crystal prepolymer (PDBP) and the blue phase liquid crystal composite material (PDBP + ZnS) can be seen from the figure, after adding 0.5 wt% of ZnS nanoparticles, The driving voltage of the liquid crystal is lowered from 100V to 90V.
  • the inventors also applied the driving voltage and electro-optic hysteresis of the blue phase liquid crystal composite material.
  • the concentration relationship of ZnS nanoparticles has been studied. It can be seen from the figure that as the concentration of nanoparticles increases, the driving voltage of blue-phase liquid crystal composites decreases gradually, while the electro-optic hysteresis decreases first and then increases, of which 0.5 wt% is added. When ZnS nanoparticles are used, they can be considered almost without hysteresis.
  • a blue phase liquid crystal composite material is prepared by photopolymerization of 100 g of a raw material component comprising 88.95 g of a mother blue phase liquid crystal; 10.0 g of a photopolymerizable monomer; 1.0 g of a photoinitiator; and 0.05 g of an inorganic component Nanoparticle BaTi0 3 .
  • the blue phase liquid crystal composite material was prepared by the following procedure.
  • Step 1 Preparation of inorganic nanoparticles BaTi0 3
  • a large particle BaTi03 powder (0.5 g) having a diameter of about 1 ⁇ m was mixed with a surfactant oleic acid (1 g) and a carrier liquid heptane (5 g), and after ultrasonic dispersion, it was ground by a planetary high-energy ball mill for 15 hours. The ball-milled dispersion was transferred to a beaker and allowed to stand for 3 days. Then, the particles having a large particle diameter are filtered and removed by a screen to obtain a dispersion. Take 1 ml of the dispersion and dry it. The weight of the obtained powder was weighed to 0.058 g, and the concentration of the dispersion was calculated to be 0.25 mol/L.
  • the mother blue phase liquid crystal obtained by 88.95 g was taken for the next use.
  • a blue phase liquid crystal prepolymer was prepared in a similar manner to Step 3 of Example 1, except that the molar ratio of the monofunctional monomer TMHA to the difunctional monomer BDDA was 1:1; and the photopolymerizable used The amounts of monomer, photoinitiator and parent blue phase liquid crystal were 10.0 g 1.0 g and 88.95 g, respectively.
  • the dispersion containing 0.5 g of the inorganic nanoparticle BaTi03 was dissolved in heptane together with the blue phase liquid crystal prepolymer prepared in the step 3, sonicated for 1 h, and then the heptane was slowly evaporated in an environment of 45 ° C or higher for 24 h. Finally, the mixed system was transferred to a vacuum environment of 1023 Torr and a temperature of 50 ° C for 24 h to completely evaporate the solvent, thereby preparing a desired nanoparticle-doped blue phase liquid crystal prepolymer (PDBP).
  • PDBP nanoparticle-doped blue phase liquid crystal prepolymer
  • the nanoparticle-doped blue phase liquid crystal prepolymer obtained in the step 4 is uniformly stirred, and then poured into the liquid crystal cell by the principle of siphon; the sample is kept in a blue phase state by a precision temperature control hot table, and irradiated with ultraviolet light for 30 minutes.
  • a blue phase liquid crystal composite material (PDBP + BaTi0 3 ) can be obtained by crosslinking a molecule of a photocrosslinking group to form a polymer network.
  • the test method was the same as that in Example 1.
  • the voltage transmittance curves of the blue phase liquid crystal prepolymer (PDBP) and the blue phase liquid crystal composite material (PDBP+BaTi0 3 ) can be seen from the figure, after adding BaTi0 3 nanoparticles, the liquid crystal Drive The voltage is reduced from 100 V to 65 V.
  • the inventors also studied the relationship between the driving voltage and electro-optic hysteresis of blue phase liquid crystal composites and the concentration of BaTi0 3 nanoparticles. It can be seen from the figure that the blue phase liquid crystal recombination increases with the increase of the concentration of nanoparticles.
  • the driving voltage of the material gradually decreases, and the electro-optic hysteresis first decreases and then increases. Among them, when adding 0.5 wt% of BaTi0 3 nanoparticles, it can be regarded as almost no hysteresis.
  • a blue phase liquid crystal composite material is prepared by photopolymerization of 100 g of a raw material component comprising 68.0 g of a mother blue phase liquid crystal; 27.0 g of a photopolymerizable monomer; 3.0 g of a photoinitiator; and 2.0 g of an inorganic component Nanoparticles ⁇
  • the blue phase liquid crystal composite material was prepared by the following procedure.
  • Step 1 Preparation of inorganic nanoparticles ZnO
  • the polytetrafluoroethylene liner of the hydrothermal reaction kettle was peeled and weighed, and oleic acid was sucked into the inner liner by a pipette. In this way, 7.06 g (25 mmol) of oleic acid was weighed into the inner liner, and the fed liner was placed in a 1000 mL hydrothermal reaction kettle. Then, sodium hydroxide (160 mg) and acetic acid dihydrate (438 mg) were dissolved in water (400 ml), and the resulting mixture was added to a hydrothermal reaction vessel with constant stirring. The kettle was then sealed, placed in a dry box, and warmed to 130 ° C for 4 h.
  • reaction vessel is naturally cooled to room temperature, the upper liquid in the kettle is recovered, and the lower solid is washed with distilled water and ethanol, respectively, and naturally dried to obtain oxidized nanoparticles (2.0 g) having an average particle diameter of about 300.
  • Spherical ZnO non-ferroelectric inorganic nanoparticles of nm are naturally dried.
  • the precursor blue phase liquid crystal obtained by 68.0 g was taken for the next step.
  • Step 3 Preparation of blue phase liquid crystal prepolymer A blue phase liquid crystal prepolymer was prepared using a method similar to that of Step 3 of Example 1, except that the molar ratio of the monofunctional monomer TMHA to the difunctional monomer BDDA was 1:9; and the photopolymerizable used The amounts of monomer, photoinitiator and parent blue phase liquid crystal were 27.0 g, 3.0 g and 68.0 g, respectively.
  • Step 4 Preparation of nanoparticle doped blue phase liquid crystal prepolymer
  • the nanoparticle-doped blue phase liquid crystal prepolymer obtained in the step 4 is uniformly stirred, and then poured into the liquid crystal cell by the principle of siphon; the sample is kept in a blue phase state by a precision temperature control hot stage, and irradiated with ultraviolet light for 60 minutes.
  • a blue phase liquid crystal composite material (PDBP+ZnO) can be obtained by crosslinking a molecule of a photocrosslinking group to form a polymer network.
  • the test method was the same as that in Example 1.
  • the driving voltage of the blue phase liquid crystal composite was reduced from 100 V to 91 V, and the electro-optic hysteresis was reduced to almost zero.
  • the concentration of nanoparticles increases, the driving voltage of the blue phase liquid crystal gradually decreases, and the Cole constant K gradually increases, while the device parameter A decreases, but the variation is not large.
  • the electro-optic hysteresis first decreased and then increased. Among them, when adding 2 wt% of ZnO nanoparticles, it can be regarded as almost no hysteresis.
  • a blue phase liquid crystal composite material is prepared by photopolymerization of 100 g of a raw material component comprising 75.0 g of a mother blue phase liquid crystal; 22.95 g of a photopolymerizable monomer; 2.0 g of a photoinitiator; and 0.05 g of an inorganic component Nanoparticles Sn 2 P 2 S 6 .
  • Step 1 preparing inorganic nanoparticles Sn 2 P 2 S 6
  • Ferroelectric nanoparticles Sn 2 P 2 S 6 were prepared in a similar manner to Step 1 of Example 2, except that large particles of Sn 2 P 2 S 6 (about 1 ⁇ m in diameter) were used to perform step 1 of Example 2.
  • the concentration of the obtained dispersion was 0.15 mol/L, and the obtained Sn 2 P 2 S 6 nanometers The average diameter of the particles is 100 nm.
  • a blue phase liquid crystal prepolymer was prepared in a manner similar to that of Step 3 of Example 1, except that the molar ratio of the monofunctional monomer TMHA to the difunctional monomer BDDA was 1:7; and the photopolymerizable used The amounts of monomer, photoinitiator and parent blue phase liquid crystal were 22.95 g, 2.0 g and 75.0 g, respectively.
  • the dispersion containing m.15 mol/L inorganic nanoparticle Sn 2 P 2 S 6 and the blue phase liquid crystal prepolymer obtained in step 3 were dissolved in heptane (50 ml), sonicated for 1 h, and then at 45°. Slowly evaporate heptane for 24 h in the environment above C. Finally, the mixed system was transferred to a vacuum of 1023 Torr and placed in a vacuum environment at 50 ° C for 24 h to completely evaporate the solvent, thus preparing the desired nanoparticle blend.
  • PDBP Hetero Blue Phase Liquid Crystal Prepolymer
  • the nanoparticle-doped blue phase liquid crystal prepolymer obtained in the step 4 is stirred and hooked, and then poured into the liquid crystal cell by using the siphon principle; the sample is kept in the blue phase state by the precise temperature control hot stage, and the ultraviolet light is irradiated 20 In a minute, a cross-linking reaction occurs between the molecules of the photocrosslinking group to form a polymer network, and a blue phase liquid crystal composite material (PDBP + Sn 2 P 2 S 6 ) can be obtained.
  • PDBP + Sn 2 P 2 S 6 blue phase liquid crystal composite material
  • the test method was the same as that in Example 1.
  • the driving voltage of the blue phase liquid crystal composite was lowered from 100 V to 67 V, and the electro-optic hysteresis was reduced to almost zero.
  • the concentration of nanoparticles increases, the driving voltage of the blue phase liquid crystal gradually decreases, the Cole constant K gradually increases, and the device parameter A decreases significantly.
  • the electro-optic hysteresis first decreases and then increases, wherein 0.05 wt% of Sn 2 P 2 S 6 nm is added. When particles are used, they can be considered almost without hysteresis.
  • the driving voltage of the blue phase liquid crystal composite prepared by the invention is lower than that before the doping of the inorganic nanoparticles

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Abstract

一种由如下原料组分经光聚合形成的蓝相液晶复合材料，所述原料组分的成分包括：母体蓝相液晶、光可聚合单体、光引发剂和无机纳米粒子；以及包含所述蓝相液晶复合材料的液晶显示器。所述蓝相液晶复合材料的驱动电压低，无电光迟滞，并且对电场响应速度快。

Description

蓝相液晶复合材料和含该材料的液晶显示器 技术领域
本发明的实施例涉及一种蓝相液晶复合材料和含该材料的液晶显示器。 背景技术
蓝相 (Liquid crystalline Blue Phases, BPs) 观上介于各向同性态和胆甾 相之间的一种特殊相态， 常出现在高手性液晶体系之中。 微观上， 蓝相是一 种无双折射现象的晶格缺陷相， 其晶格参数大小与可见光波长的数量级相当 (几百纳米)。 蓝相从晶体结构上可以分为三个子相， 分别命名为蓝相 I (BPI)、 蓝相 II (ΒΡΠ)和蓝相 III (BPIII), 其相应的晶格结构分别为体心立方结构、 筒 单立方结构和无定型态。 蓝相液晶材料由于具有微秒级的电场响应速度， 被 认为是最具发展前途的下一代液晶显示材料。 与传统的液晶显示器相比， 蓝 相液晶显示器具有以下四大突出优点：
(1)由于蓝相液晶具有微秒级的电场响应速度， 可以采用场序驱动， 不再 需要彩色滤光片， 这样不仅可以降低材料成本， 还可以提高背光源利用率；
(2)蓝相液晶由于宏观上呈现光学各向同性， 因此， 蓝相液晶显示器的基 板内表面不再需要取向处理， 这可以大幅度地筒化生产工艺， 从而降低生产 成本；
(3)蓝相液晶显示器具有较宽的视觉特性， 不再需要视觉补偿膜， 且视觉 宽窄可以根据实际需要进行调控；
(4)蓝相液晶显示器中光的透过率不受基板间隙的影响， 故生产过程中基 板间隙无需严格控制， 从而可大幅度筒化生产工艺， 进一步降低生产成本。
但是， 由于聚合物蓝相液晶中聚合物单体的含量通常小于 10 wt%, 聚合 物网络在电场损伤下极其容易发生形变， 最终大幅度缩短液晶显示器寿命。
为了提高蓝相液晶的性能， 可将蓝相液晶微滴均匀的分散在聚合物基体 中而形成聚合物分散蓝相液晶，高分子网络在电场作用下具有较好的稳定性， 且容易实现大面积生产。
但由于高分子网络对液晶分子束缚作用较强， 蓝相液晶具有较高的驱动 电压， 且在强电场作用下， 蓝相液晶微滴极易发生相变而产生的电光迟滞现 象。 因此， 开发兼具低驱动电压和无电光迟滞特性的蓝相液晶复合材料， 有 着重要的理论意义和实用价值。 发明内容
本发明的实施例提供了一种驱动电压低和几乎无电光迟滞的蓝相液晶复 合材料和包含该蓝相液晶复合材料的液晶显示器。
在本发明的一个实施方式中， 提供了一种蓝相液晶复合材料， 其是由原 料组分经光聚合形成， 所述原料组分包括： 母体蓝相液晶、 光可聚合单体、 光弓 I发剂和无机纳米粒子。
例如， 所述原料组分包括， 基于原料组分的总重的：
母体蓝相液晶： 68.0 wt% ~ 88.95 wt%;
光可聚合单体： 10.0 wt% ~ 30.0 wt%;
光引发剂： 1.0 wt% ~ 3.0 wt%; 和
无机纳米粒子： 0.05 wt% ~ 2.0 wt%。
在另一方面中， 所述的母体蓝相液晶的蓝相温域大于等于 5.0°C。
在又另一个方面中， 所述的母体蓝相液晶的成分包括： SLC-X、 R811和 Iso-(60BA)2, 其中， R811和 Iso-(60BA)2的结构式为：
teH麵 Α¾5
Figure imgf000003_0001
例如， 所述的母体蓝相液晶包括， 基于母体蓝相液晶的总重， SLC-X: 70.0 wt% ~ 85.0 wt%, R811: 5.0 wt% ~ 15.0 wt%, 和 Iso-(60BA)2: 5.0 wt% 15.0 wt%„
在又另一个方面， 所述的母体蓝相液晶的蓝相温域为 5.0°C ~ 20.0°C。 在又另一个方面， 所述的光引发剂的结构式如下：
Figure imgf000004_0001
在又另一个方面， 所述的光可聚合单体为非液晶性丙烯酸酯类单体。 例如， 所述的非液晶性丙烯酸酯类单体为单官能度单体与多官能度单体 的混合单体， 所述的非液晶性丙烯酸酯类单体中单官能度单体与多官能度单 体的摩尔比为 1： 1 ~ 1： 9。
例如， 所述的单官能度单体为 TMHA, 所述的多官能度单体为 BDDA, 两者的摩尔比为 TMHA : BDDA=1： 4, 其中， TMHA的结构式如下：
Figure imgf000004_0002
BDDA的结构式如下:
Figure imgf000004_0003
在又另一个方面， 所述的无机纳米粒子的粒径为 3 nm ~ 300nm。
在又另一个方面， 所述的无机纳米粒子经过表面修饰。
在又另一个方面， 所述的无机纳米粒子为选自非铁电纳米粒子 ZnS.
ZnO、 GdS和 GdSe中的任意一种或几种。
在又另一个方面， 所述的无机纳米粒子为选自铁电纳米粒子 BaTi03.
Sn2P2S6、 LiNb03和 PbTi03中的任意一种或几种。 附图说明
图 1为本发明实施例 1所制备的蓝相液晶复合材料的电压透过率曲线； 图 2为蓝相液晶复合材料的驱动电压和电光迟滞与 ZnS纳米粒子浓度的 关系图；
图 3为蓝相液晶复合材料的科尔常数 K和器件参数 A与 ZnS纳米粒子 浓度的关系图；
图 4为本发明实施例 2所制备的蓝相液晶复合材料的电压透过率曲线； 图 5为蓝相液晶复合材料的驱动电压和电光迟滞与 BaTi03纳米粒子浓度 的关系图；
图 6为蓝相液晶复合材料的科尔常数 K和器件参数 A与 BaTi03纳米粒 子浓度的关系图。 具体实施方式
为使本领域技术人员更好地理解本发明的技术方案， 下面结合附图和具 体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细描述。
聚合物分散蓝相液晶材料的驱动电压高低主要取决于材料的科尔常数 K 以及显示器件的器件参数 A,增大 K值或降低 A值有利于降低蓝相液晶的驱 动电压；增大材料的双折射率和介电常数有利于增加 K值， 而 A主要取决于 器件的电极构型，能够在液晶层中产生均匀电场的电极结构有利于降低 A值。
无机纳米粒子具有较大的折射率和介电常数， 在液晶中引入纳米粒子有 利于增加液晶的双折射率和介电常数， 从而增加蓝相液晶的科尔常数， 可在 一定程度上降低蓝相液晶复合材料的驱动电压。
同时， 无机纳米粒子较大偶极距可减小蓝相液晶复合材料的电光迟滞。 进一步的， 由于无机铁电纳米粒子在电场作用下可产生极化场， 因此在 向蓝相液晶中引入铁电纳米粒子后， 通过利用铁电纳米粒子自发形成的极化 场，可在液晶层中形成均匀分布的电场，最终将减小显示器件的器件参数 A, 从而大幅度降低蓝相液晶的驱动电压。
本发明的实施例通过将无机纳米粒子引入蓝相液晶中， 大大降低了蓝相 液晶显示材料的驱动电压，并且可以实现蓝相液晶在电场作用下的可逆回复。 本发明实施例的蓝相液晶复合材料的制备体系稳定、 工艺筒单、 粘度低、 驱 动电压低、 无电光迟滞、 对电场响应速度快。
在本发明的一个实施方式中， 提供了一种蓝相液晶复合材料， 其是由原 料组分经光聚合形成， 所述原料组分包括： 母体蓝相液晶、 光可聚合单体、 光引发剂、 无机纳米粒子。
其中， 所述原料组分可包括， 基于所述原料组分的总重的：
母体蓝相液晶： 68.0 wt% ~ 88.95 wt%;
光可聚合单体： 10.0 wt% ~ 30.0 wt%;
光引发剂： 1.0 wt% ~ 3.0 wt%; 和
无机纳米粒子： 0.05 wt% ~ 2.0 wt%。
其中， 母体蓝相液晶可为， 例如， 基于所述原料组分的总重的 68.0%、 68.5%、 75%、 80%、 85%或 88.95%; 光可聚合单体可为， 例如， 基于所述原 料组分的总重的 10%、 15%、 20%、 22.95%、 27%或 30%; 光引发剂可为， 例如， 基于所述原料组分的总重的 1.0%、 2.0%或 3.0%; 且无机纳米粒子可 为， 例如， 基于所述原料组分的总重的 0.05%、 0.5%、 1.0%、 1.5%或 2.0%。
上述的母体蓝相液晶的蓝相温域可大于等于 5.0°C。
上述的母体蓝相液晶的成分可包括： SLC-X、 R811 和 Iso-(60BA)2, 其 中， R811和 Iso-(60BA)2的结构式为：
Figure imgf000006_0001
上述的母体蓝相液晶可包括： 基于母体蓝相液晶的总重， SLC-X: 70.0 wt% - 85.0 wt%; R811 : 5.0 wt% ~ 15.0 wt%; 和 Iso-(60BA)2: 5.0 wt% ~ 15.0 wt%„
其中， SLC-X可为，例如，基于母体蓝相液晶的总重的 70%、 75%、 80%、 82%或 85%; R811的重量百分含量可为， 例如， 基于母体蓝相液晶的总重的 5%、 8%、 10%或 15%; 且 Iso-(60BA)2的重量百分含量可为， 例如， 基于母 体蓝相液晶的总重的 5%、 8%、 10%、 12%或 15%。
上述的母体蓝相液晶的蓝相温域可为 5.0°C ~ 20.0°C。
在一个方面， 母体蓝相液晶也可以采用现有技术的其它组分和比例， 只 要其蓝相温域大于等于 5°C。
例如， 蓝相液晶材料的粘度小于 50mPa, 熔点在 -20°C ~ 25°C的范围， 清 亮点在 30°C ~ 200°C的范围。
上述的光引发剂可具有如下结构：
Figure imgf000007_0001
上述的光可聚合单体可为非液晶性丙烯酸酯类单体。
上述的非液晶性丙烯酸酯类单体可为单官能度单体与多官能度单体的混 合单体， 所述的非液晶性丙烯酸酯类单体中单官能度单体与多官能度单体的 摩尔比可为 1： 1 ~ 1： 9。
上述的单官能度单体可为 TMHA, 所述的多官能度单体可为 BDDA, 两 者的摩尔比可为 TMHA : BDDA=1： 4, 其中， TMHA的结构式如下：
Figure imgf000007_0002
上述的无机纳米粒子的粒径可为 3 nm ~ 300 nm。
其中， 无机纳米粒子的粒径可为， 例如， 3 nm、 30 nm, 100 nm, 300 nm。 上述的无机纳米粒子可为选自非铁电纳米粒子 ZnS、 ZnO、 GdS和 GdS e 中的任意一种或几种。
上述的无机纳米粒子可为选自铁电纳米粒子 BaTi03、 Sn2P2S6、 LiNb03 和 PbTi03中的任意一种或几种。
上述的无机纳米粒子可经过表面修饰。 例如， 对于非铁电纳米粒子， 例 如 ZnS、 ZnO、 GdS、 GdSe, 可在使用前利用微乳液法、 表面活性剂法等表 面修饰方法进行表面修饰， 使其具有较好的分散性； 对于铁电纳米粒子， 例 如 BaTi03、 Sn2P2S6、 LiNb03、 PbTi03, 也可以在使用时加入表面活性剂的方 法进行表面修饰， 使其具有较好的分散性。
在本发明的另一个实施方式中， 还提供了一种包含本文所述的蓝相液晶 复合材料的液晶显示器。 在一个方面， 液晶显示器可以为： 液晶面板、 手机、 平板电脑、 电视机、 显示器、 笔记本电脑、 数码相框、 导航仪等任何具有显 示功能的产品或部件。
以下实施例用于说明本发明， 但不用来限制本发明的范围。 实施例 1
本实施例由 100 g原料组分经光聚合制备蓝相液晶复合材料， 所述原料 组分包含 68.5 g母体蓝相液晶、 30.0 g光可聚合单体、 1.0 g光引发剂和 0.5 g 无机纳米粒子 ZnS。
通过如下步骤制备上述蓝相液晶复合材料：
步骤 1 , 制备无机纳米粒子 ZnS
将 50 ml表面活性剂曲拉通 X-100 (TritonX-100)添加到 200 ml环己烷中。 将 60 ml浓度为 0.3 mol/L的硫代乙酰胺溶液加入到如上制得的溶有表面活性 剂曲拉通 X- 100的环己烷中， 在磁力搅拌下慢慢滴加 120 ml正丁醇， 直至 溶液澄清， 即形成了硫代乙酰胺微乳液。
使用与上述相似的方法制备乙酸辞微乳液， 不同之处在于使用与上述的 硫代乙酰胺溶液等摩尔量的 0.3 mol L的乙酸辞溶液来代替硫代乙酰胺溶液。
将制得的硫代乙酰胺微乳液和乙酸辞微乳液混合， 用磁力搅拌器搅拌均 匀， 在超声波作用下反应 6小时， 得到浅黄色乳液。 将该乳液旋蒸， 加入乙 醇进行破乳， 离心分离， 并用水和乙醇各洗 2次， 真空干燥， 得到 l.O g球形 非铁电无机纳米粒子 ZnS, 其平均粒径约为 3 nm。
称取 0.5 g ZnS纳米粒子;^ 1.5 g丙酮溶剂中进行超声， 使其在溶剂中 充分分散， 制得 ZnS纳米粒子在丙酮中的分散液。 步骤 2, 母体蓝相液晶的制备
将 82.0 g混晶 SLC-X (Yongsheng Huatsing Liquid Crystal Co., Ltd, Δ«=0.235, Δε=29.6, 在 298K)、 13.0 g R811和 5.0 g Iso-(60BA)2混合， 制备 母体蓝相液晶。 该母体蓝相液晶具有约 10.0°C的蓝相温域。 其中， 所用的手 性化合物 R811和 Iso-(60BA)2结构式如下：
Figure imgf000009_0001
取 68.5 g制得的母体蓝相液晶以备下一步使用。
步骤 3, 蓝相液晶预聚体的制备
使用单官能度单体 TMHA与双官能度单体 BDDA的混合单体作为光可 ^合单体， 其中单官能度单体 TMHA与双官能度单体 BDDA的摩尔比为 1 : 4。 其中， 单官能度可聚合单体 TMHA的结构式如下：
Figure imgf000009_0002
且双官能度可聚合单体 BDDA的结构式如下:
Figure imgf000009_0003
光引发剂的结构式如下:
Figure imgf000010_0001
将 30.0 g光可聚合单体、 1.0 g光引发剂与 68.5 g步骤 2中制备的母体蓝 相液晶混合， 充分搅拌均匀后即可制得蓝相液晶预聚体 (PDBP)。
步骤 4, 纳米粒子掺杂蓝相液晶预聚体的制备
将步骤 1中制备的 ZnS纳米粒子的丙酮分散液分散于步骤 3中制备的蓝 相液晶预聚体中，使体系混合均匀， 在真空状态下保存 24小时，使溶剂完全 挥发， 即制得所需纳米粒子掺杂蓝相液晶预聚体。
步骤 5, 蓝相液晶复合材料的制备
将步骤 4中制得的纳米粒子掺杂蓝相液晶预聚体搅拌均匀后， 利用虹吸 原理灌入液晶盒中； 通过精密控温热台将样品保持在蓝相状态， 用紫外光照 射 5分钟， 使光交联基团的分子间发生交联反应形成高分子网络， 即可得到 蓝相液晶复合材料 (PDBP + ZnS)。
测试方法：
本实施例中蓝相液晶复合材料的电光性能评估方法如下：
1、 蓝相液晶复合材料的电光迟滞特性
蓝相液晶的电光迟滞特性通常定义为 Δ^ 。η, 其中， 。η是透过率最大时 对应的电压值，Δ 是在透过率为最高透过率的一半时的电压正向作用和反向 作用的电压值之差。 Δ / 。η值越小， 电光迟滞越小， 反之， 则电光迟滞严重。
2、 蓝相液晶复合材料的克尔常数 Κ及器件参数 Α值的计算
克尔常数 K 的计算： 按照克尔效应公式（1) , 在一定场强范围内，
Δ"^Μ^ / 与电场强度 E的平方成正比，作出二者之间的关系图， 则相应直线 斜率即为克尔常数 κ。
△"induced = 2 器件参数 A的计算： 驱动电压 (开态电压 V。n)与材料的克尔常数和器件 电极的构型有着密切关系， 可用以下公式表示三者的关系， 即：
Figure imgf000011_0001
其中， A代表器件参数， 其值受电极构型的影响； K为材料的克尔常数。 为了得到器件参数 A, 测得了每个样品在相同测试条件 (相同的测试温度、相 同的样品液晶盒)下对应的驱动电压和克尔常数， 以此绘制 。η与1 的关系 图， 则直线的斜率即为器件参数 Α。
测试结果：
如图 1所示， 蓝相液晶预聚体 (PDBP)和蓝相液晶复合材料 (PDBP + ZnS) 的电压透过率曲线， 从图中可以看出， 加入 0.5 wt%的 ZnS纳米粒子后， 液 晶的驱动电压由 100V降^ 至 90V。
如图 2 所示， 发明人还对蓝相液晶复合材料的驱动电压和电光迟滞与
ZnS纳米粒子浓度关系进行了研究， 从图中可以看出随着纳米粒子浓度的增 加， 蓝相液晶复合材料的驱动电压逐渐降低， 而电光迟滞呈现先降低后增加 趋势， 其中， 加入 0.5 wt%的 ZnS纳米粒子时， 几乎可以视为无迟滞。
如图 3所示，发明人对蓝相液晶复合材料的科尔常数 K和器件参数 A与 ZnS纳米粒子浓度关系进行了研究， 从图中可以看出随着纳米粒子浓度的增 加， 蓝相液晶的科尔常数 K逐渐增加， 而器件参数 A虽然有所减小， 但变化 幅度不大。 实施例 2
本实施例由 100 g原料组分经光聚合制备蓝相液晶复合材料， 所述原料 组分包含 88.95 g母体蓝相液晶； 10.0 g光可聚合单体； 1.0 g光引发剂； 和 0.05 g无机纳米粒子 BaTi03。
通过如下步骤制备蓝相液晶复合材料。
步骤 1 , 制备无机纳米粒子 BaTi03
将直径约为 1微米的大颗粒 BaTi03粉末 (0.5 g)与表面活性剂油酸（ 1 g )、 载液庚烷 (5 g)混合， 经过超声分散后， 利用行星式高能球磨机研磨 15小时。 将球磨后的分散液转移到烧杯中， 静置 3天。 然后利用纱窗过滤并除去大粒 径的粒子， 得到分散液。 取 1 ml分散液， 将其烘干。 称量所得粉末重量为 0.058g,并由此计算得到该分散液的浓度为 0.25 mol/L。将少量所得粉末分散 在庚烷中，通过超声浴制成悬浊液。然后将悬浊液液滴转移到铜网上，在 100 kV的 JEM- 100CX II型透射电子显微镜下观察。测得所得 BaTi03颗粒的平均 直径为 30
步骤 2 , 母体蓝相液晶的制备
使用与实施例 1的步骤 2相似的方法制备母体蓝相液晶， 不同之处在于 制备母体蓝相液晶的原料为： 80.0 g混晶 SLC-X (Yongsheng Huatsing Liquid Crystal Co. , Ltd , Δη=0.235 , Δε=29.6 , 在 298K)、 8.0 g R811 和 12.0 g Iso-(60BA)2, 该母体蓝相液晶具有约 5.0 °C的蓝相温域。 取 88.95 g制得的母 体蓝相液晶以备下一步使用。
步骤 3 , 蓝相液晶预聚体的制备
使用与实施例 1的步骤 3相似的方法制备蓝相液晶预聚体， 不同之处在 于单官能度单体 TMHA与双官能度单体 BDDA的摩尔比为 1： 1 ; 以及所用 的光可聚合单体、光引发剂和母体蓝相液晶的量分别为 10.0 g 1.0 g和 88.95 g。
步骤 4, 纳米粒子掺杂蓝相液晶预聚体的制备
将包含 0.5 g无机纳米粒子 BaTi03的分散液与步骤 3中制备的蓝相液晶 预聚体一起溶于庚烷， 超声处理 1 h, 然后在 45 °C以上的环境中緩慢蒸发庚 烷 24 h, 最后将混合体系转移至真空度为 1023托且温度为 50°C的真空环境 中放置 24 h, 使溶剂完全挥发， 即制得所需纳米粒子掺杂蓝相液晶预聚体 (PDBP)。
步骤 5 , 蓝相液晶复合材料的制备
将步骤 4中制得的纳米粒子掺杂蓝相液晶预聚体搅拌均匀后， 利用虹吸 原理灌入液晶盒中； 通过精密控温热台将样品保持在蓝相状态， 用紫外光照 射 30分钟，使光交联基团的分子间发生交联反应形成高分子网络， 即可得到 蓝相液晶复合材料 (PDBP + BaTi03)。
测试方法：
测试方法与实施例 1中的测试方法相同。
测试结果：
如图 4所示，蓝相液晶预聚体 (PDBP)和蓝相液晶复合材料 (PDBP+BaTi03) 的电压透过率曲线， 从图中可以看出， 加入 BaTi03纳米粒子后， 液晶的驱动 电压由 100 V降低至 65 V。
如图 5 所示， 发明人还对蓝相液晶复合材料的驱动电压和电光迟滞与 BaTi03纳米粒子浓度关系进行了研究，从图中可以看出随着纳米粒子浓度的 增加， 蓝相液晶复合材料的驱动电压逐渐降低， 而电光迟滞呈现先降低后增 加趋势， 其中， 加入 0.5 wt%的 BaTi03纳米粒子时， 几乎可以视为无迟滞。
如图 6所示，发明人对蓝相液晶复合材料的科尔常数 K和器件参数 A与 BaTi03纳米粒子浓度关系进行了研究，从图中可以看出随着纳米粒子浓度的 增加， 蓝相液晶的科尔常数 K逐渐增加， 而器件参数 A明显减小。 实施例 3
本实施例由 100 g原料组分经光聚合制备蓝相液晶复合材料， 所述原料 组分包含 68.0 g母体蓝相液晶； 27.0 g光可聚合单体； 3.0 g光引发剂； 和 2.0 g无机纳米粒子 Ζηθο
通过如下步骤制备蓝相液晶复合材料。
步骤 1 , 制备无机纳米粒子 ZnO
将水热反应釜的聚四氟乙烯内衬去皮称重，用滴管吸取油酸滴入内衬中。 用此方法称取 7.06 g (25 mmol)油酸至内衬中， 并将加料后的内衬放入 1000 mL的水热反应釜。 然后将氢氧化钠（160 mg )和二水醋酸辞 (438mg)溶解在 水（400 ml ) 中， 将所得混合物加入水热反应釜中， 并不断搅拌。 然后将釜 密封， 放入干燥箱中， 升温至 130°C , 反应 4 h。 反应完毕后， 使反应釜自然 冷却至室温， 将釜中上层液体回收， 下层固体分别用蒸馏水、 乙醇洗涤， 自 然干燥后即得氧化辞纳米微粒 (2.0 g ),其为平均粒径约为 300 nm的球形 ZnO 非铁电无机纳米粒子。
步骤 2, 母体蓝相液晶的制备
使用与实施例 1的步骤 2相似的方法制备母体蓝相液晶， 不同之处在于 制备母体蓝相液晶的原料为： 70.0 g混晶 SLC-X (Yongsheng Huatsing Liquid Crystal Co. , Ltd, Δ«=0.235 , Δε=29.6, 在 298K)、 15.0 g R811 和 15.0 g Iso-(60BA)2, 该母体蓝相液晶具有约 20.0°C的蓝相温域。 取 68.0 g制得的母 体蓝相液晶以备下一步使用。
步骤 3, 蓝相液晶预聚体的制备 使用与实施例 1的步骤 3相似的方法制备蓝相液晶预聚体， 不同之处在 于单官能度单体 TMHA与双官能度单体 BDDA的摩尔比为 1： 9; 以及所用 的光可聚合单体、光引发剂和母体蓝相液晶的量分别为 27.0 g、 3.0 g和 68.0 g„ 步骤 4, 纳米粒子掺杂蓝相液晶预聚体的制备
将 2.0 g ZnO纳米粒子放入丙酮溶剂（50ml)中进行超声，使其在溶剂中充 分分散。 然后将所得的分散液加入到步骤 3中制得的蓝相液晶预聚体中， 使 体系混合均匀， 在真空状态（真空度为 1023托， 温度为 50 °C )下保存 24 h, 使溶剂完全挥发， 即制得所需纳米粒子掺杂蓝相液晶预聚体 (PDBP)。
步骤 5, 蓝相液晶复合材料的制备
将步骤 4中制得的纳米粒子掺杂蓝相液晶预聚体搅拌均匀后， 利用虹吸 原理灌入液晶盒中； 通过精密控温热台将样品保持在蓝相状态， 用紫外光照 射 60分钟，使光交联基团的分子间发生交联反应形成高分子网络， 即可得到 蓝相液晶复合材料 (PDBP+ZnO)。
测试方法：
测试方法与实施例 1中的测试方法相同。
测试结果：
加入 2 wt%的 ZnO纳米粒子后， 蓝相液晶复合材料的驱动电压由 100 V 降低至 91 V, 且电光迟滞降低至几乎为零。 随着纳米粒子浓度的增加， 蓝相 液晶的驱动电压逐渐降低，科尔常数 K逐渐增加， 而器件参数 A虽然有所减 小，但变化幅度不大。 而电光迟滞呈现先降低后增加趋势，其中，加入 2 wt% 的 ZnO纳米粒子时， 几乎可以视为无迟滞。 实施例 4
本实施例由 100 g原料组分经光聚合制备蓝相液晶复合材料， 所述原料 组分包含 75.0 g母体蓝相液晶； 22.95 g光可聚合单体； 2.0 g光引发剂； 和 0.05 g无机纳米粒子 Sn2P2S6。
步骤 1 , 制备无机纳米粒子 Sn2P2S6
使用与实施例 2的步骤 1类似的方式制备铁电纳米粒子 Sn2P2S6,不同之 处在于使用大颗粒 Sn2P2S6 (直径约为 1微米)来实施例 2的步骤 1中所用的大 颗粒 BaTi03粉末。 所得分散液的浓度为 0.15 mol/L, 且所得 Sn2P2S6纳米颗 粒的平均直径为 100 nm。
步骤 2, 母体蓝相液晶的制备
使用与实施例 1的步骤 2相似的方法制备母体蓝相液晶不同之处在于制 备母体蓝相液晶的原料为： 85.0 g混晶 SLC-X (Yongsheng Huatsing Liquid Crystal Co. , Ltd, Δ«=0.235 , Δε=29.6 , 在 298K) , 5.0 g R811 和 10.0 g Iso-(60BA)2, 该母体蓝相液晶具有约 15.0°C的蓝相温域。 取 75.0 g制得的母 体蓝相液晶以备下一步使用。
步骤 3, 蓝相液晶预聚体的制备
使用与实施例 1的步骤 3相似的方法制备蓝相液晶预聚体， 不同之处在 于单官能度单体 TMHA与双官能度单体 BDDA的摩尔比为 1： 7; 以及所用 的光可聚合单体、光引发剂和母体蓝相液晶的量分别为 22.95 g、 2.0 g和 75.0 g。
步骤 4, 纳米粒子掺杂蓝相液晶预聚体的制备
将包含 m.15 mol/L无机纳米粒子 Sn2P2S6的分散液与步骤 3中制得的蓝 相液晶预聚体溶于庚烷 (50ml ), 超声处理 1 h, 再在 45°C以上的环境中緩慢 蒸发庚烷 24 h, 最后将混合体系转移至真空度为 1023托， 温度为 50°C的真 空环境中放置 24 h, 使溶剂完全挥发， 即制得所需纳米粒子掺杂蓝相液晶预 聚体 (PDBP)。
步骤 5, 蓝相液晶复合材料的制备
将步骤 4中制得的纳米粒子掺杂蓝相液晶预聚体搅拌均勾后， 利用虹吸 原理灌入液晶盒中； 通过精密控温热台将样品保持在蓝相状态， 用紫外光照 射 20分钟，使光交联基团的分子间发生交联反应形成高分子网络， 即可得到 蓝相液晶复合材料 (PDBP + Sn2P2S6)。
测试方法：
测试方法与实施例 1中的测试方法相同。
测试结果：
加入 0.05wt%的 Sn2P2S6纳米粒子后， 蓝相液晶复合材料的驱动电压由 100V降低至 67V, 且电光迟滞降低至几乎为零。 随着纳米粒子浓度的增加， 蓝相液晶的驱动电压逐渐降低，科尔常数 K逐渐增加， 而器件参数 A明显减 小。 而电光迟滞呈现先降低后增加趋势， 其中， 加入 0.05wt%的 Sn2P2S6纳米 粒子时， 几乎可以视为无迟滞。
本发明制备的蓝相液晶复合材料驱动电压比掺杂无机纳米粒子前降低了
10 ~ 60%； 并且， 电光迟滞较小（小于 0.1%), 电场响应速度小于 lms。 可以理解的是， 以上实施方式仅仅是为了说明本发明的原理而采用的示 例性实施方式， 然而本发明并不局限于此。 对于本领域内的普通技术人员而 言， 在不脱离本发明的精神和实质的情况下， 可以做出各种变型和改进， 这 些变型和改进也视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims

权利要求书
1. 一种蓝相液晶复合材料， 其由如下原料组分经光聚合形成， 所述原 料组分包括： 母体蓝相液晶、 光可聚合单体、 光引发剂和无机纳米粒子。
2. 如权利要求 1所述的蓝相液晶复合材料， 其中所述原料组分包括基 于所述蓝相液晶复合材料的总重的：
母体蓝相液晶： 68.0 wt% ~ 88.95 wt%;
光可聚合单体： 10.0 wt% ~ 30.0 wt%;
光引发剂： 1.0 wt% ~ 3.0 wt%; 和
无机纳米粒子： 0.05 wt% ~ 2.0 wt%。
3. 如权利要求 1所述的蓝相液晶复合材料， 其中所述的母体蓝相液晶 的蓝相温域大于等于 5.0°C。
4. 如权利要求 1所述的蓝相液晶复合材料， 其中所述的母体蓝相液晶 包括 SLC-X、 R811和 Iso-(60BA)2, 其中 R811和 Iso-(60BA)2的结构式为：
Figure imgf000017_0001
5. 如权利要求 4所述的蓝相液晶复合材料， 其中基于所述母体蓝相液 晶的总重， 所述的母体蓝相液晶包括： SLC-X: 70.0 wt% ~ 85.0 wt%, R811 : 5.0 wt% ~ 15.0 wt%, 和 Iso-(60BA)2: 5.0 wt% ~ 15.0 wt%。
6. 如权利要求 5所述的蓝相液晶复合材料， 其中所述的母体蓝相液晶 的蓝相温域为 5.0°C ~ 20.0 °C。
7. 如权利要求 1所述的蓝相液晶复合材料， 其中所述的光引发剂的结 构式如下：
Figure imgf000018_0001
8. 如权利要求 1所述的蓝相液晶复合材料， 其中所述的光可聚合单体 为非液晶性丙烯酸酯类单体。
9. 如权利要求 8所述的蓝相液晶复合材料， 其中所述的非液晶性丙婦 酸酯类单体为单官能度单体与多官能度单体的混合单体，所述的非液晶性丙 烯酸酯类单体中单官能度单体与多官能度单体的摩尔比为 1： 1 ~ 1： 9。
10. 如权利要求 9所述的蓝相液晶复合材料，其中所述的单官能度单体 为 TMHA, 所述的多官能度单体为 BDDA, 两者的摩尔比为 TMHA： BDDA=1： 4, 其中， TMHA的结构式如下：
Figure imgf000018_0002
11. 如权利要求 1所述的蓝相液晶复合材料， 其中所述的无机纳米粒子 的粒径为 3 nm ~ 300nm。
12. 如权利要求 1所述的蓝相液晶复合材料，其中所述的无机纳米粒子 经过表面修饰。
13. 如权利要求 1所述的蓝相液晶复合材料，其中所述的无机纳米粒子 为选自非铁电纳米粒子 ZnS、 ZnO、 GdS和 GdSe中的任意一种或几种。
14. 如权利要求 1所述的蓝相液晶复合材料，其中所述的无机纳米粒子 为选自铁电纳米粒子 BaTi03、 Sn2P2S6、 LiNb03和 PbTi03中的任意一种或 几种。
15. 一种液晶显示器， 其包括如权利要求 1-14任一所述的蓝相液晶复 合材料。
PCT/CN2013/091127 2013-03-28 2013-12-31 蓝相液晶复合材料和含该材料的液晶显示器 Ceased WO2014154011A1 (zh)

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CN105700262B (zh) 2016-04-13 2019-04-30 深圳市华星光电技术有限公司 液晶显示装置及其制作方法
CN107632465B (zh) * 2017-10-16 2021-03-23 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 液晶显示面板及其制备方法
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