WO2014153847A1 - 显示装置 - Google Patents

显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014153847A1
WO2014153847A1 PCT/CN2013/077043 CN2013077043W WO2014153847A1 WO 2014153847 A1 WO2014153847 A1 WO 2014153847A1 CN 2013077043 W CN2013077043 W CN 2013077043W WO 2014153847 A1 WO2014153847 A1 WO 2014153847A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
liquid crystal
polarization
beam splitter
substrate
layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2013/077043
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李�瑞
刘俊国
龙君
张宏坤
宋勇
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Beijing BOE Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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Beijing BOE Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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Publication of WO2014153847A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014153847A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/13362—Illuminating devices providing polarized light, e.g. by converting a polarisation component into another one
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133616—Front illuminating devices

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the invention relate to a display device. Background technique
  • the existing LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) display technology mainly displays images through a backlight and a liquid crystal display panel.
  • the lower polarizing plate is attached to one side of the liquid crystal display panel facing the backlight, and the upper polarizing plate is attached to the side facing away from the light source.
  • Twisted Nematic (TN) white-white liquid crystal display Take the Twisted Nematic (TN) white-white liquid crystal display as an example.
  • the working principle is as follows: The light emitted by the backlight passes through the lower polarizer and becomes linearly polarized. If the liquid crystal display panel is not powered, it is located.
  • the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer between the color filter substrate and the array substrate are twisted by 90 degrees, and the light is rotated by 90 degrees after passing through the liquid crystal layer, and can pass through the upper polarizing plate; if the liquid crystal display panel is powered, the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer
  • the molecular arrangement changes (arranged in the direction of the electric field), the polarization direction of the light after passing through the liquid crystal layer is unchanged, so that the light will not pass through the upper polarizing plate.
  • the light emitted by the light source needs to pass through the upper polarizing plate and the lower polarizing plate, and the light passes through the lower polarizing plate to lose at least 50% of the light energy, and then passes through the array substrate, the liquid crystal layer, and the color film substrate, and Most of the light energy is absorbed, and the light passes through the upper polarizer and loses some of the energy.
  • the final light utilization rate is only about 5%. Summary of the invention
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a display device that improves the utilization of light energy while having a high resolution.
  • An aspect of the invention provides a display device comprising: a silicon crystal liquid crystal substrate comprising a semiconductor substrate and a substrate disposed opposite to each other, a liquid crystal layer disposed between the semiconductor substrate and the substrate, and a liquid crystal layer disposed therebetween a reflective layer on a side of the semiconductor substrate facing the liquid crystal layer; a color filter substrate disposed on a side of the substrate near the silicon crystal liquid crystal substrate; disposed on the silicon crystal liquid crystal substrate and the color film a polarization beam splitter between the substrates; a light source disposed between the polarization beam splitter and the silicon crystal liquid crystal substrate to provide nonlinear polarization light to the polarization beam splitter; the polarization beam splitter can be nonlinear The polarized light is divided into linearly polarized P-polarized light and S-polarized light, and the P-polarized light can pass through In the polarizing beam splitter, the S polarized light is emitted by the polarizing beam splitter onto a reflecting surface of a reflective layer in the silicon
  • the reflective layer includes a pixel electrode.
  • a side of the substrate of the silicon crystal liquid crystal substrate facing the liquid crystal layer is provided with a transparent electrode layer.
  • an angle between the polarizing beam splitting surface of the polarizing beam splitter and the silicon crystal liquid crystal substrate toward the light source is an acute angle.
  • the polarizing beamsplitter is a polarizing beam splitter array, a birefringent polymer material film stack, and an ultra-polar polarizing beam splitter fabricated using photonic crystal defects.
  • the polarization beam splitter array includes a plurality of polarization beam splitters, each of the polarization beam splitters being a prism bonded by a bevel of two isosceles right angle prisms, A polarized light splitting layer is disposed on the inclined surface, and the polarized light splitting layer forms the polarized light splitting surface.
  • the polarized light splitting layer is made of two or more of a titanium dioxide film layer, a tantalum pentoxide film layer, an aluminum oxide film layer, and a silicon dioxide film layer.
  • the polarization beam splitter is disposed on the silicon liquid crystal substrate by a fixture.
  • the fixing device is a wedge-shaped light guide plate, the wedge-shaped light guide plate is disposed on the silicon crystal liquid crystal substrate, the polarization beam splitter is fixed to the wedge-shaped light guide plate, and the light source emitted by the light source is The light guide plate is incident on the polarization beam splitter.
  • the fixing device includes: a support plate and oppositely disposed first and second fixing frames, one end of the supporting plate is connected to the first fixing frame, and the other end of the supporting plate is The second fixing frame is connected, the supporting plate supports the polarizing beam splitter, and an angle between the supporting plate and the silicon crystal liquid crystal substrate is an acute angle.
  • the display device provided by the embodiment of the invention improves the utilization of light energy and has high resolution.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a display device provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a partial enlarged view of a portion of the structure of the display device shown in Figure 1; 3 is a light path diagram of a display device provided by the present invention;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view showing a polarization mode of a polarization beam splitter and a silicon crystal substrate in a display device provided by the present invention
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing another structure of a polarizing beam splitter and a silicon crystal substrate in the display device provided by the present invention.
  • Polarized beam splitter 311. Polarized beam splitting surface 312. Polarized beam splitting layer 4.
  • Light source 5.
  • the present embodiment provides a display device, as shown in FIG. 1, which includes a silicon crystal liquid crystal substrate 1, a color filter substrate 2, a polarization beam splitter 3, and a light source 4.
  • the silicon crystal liquid crystal substrate 1 includes a semiconductor substrate 13 disposed opposite to each other, a substrate 12, and a liquid crystal layer 14 disposed between the semiconductor substrate 13 and the substrate 12.
  • the semiconductor substrate 13 of the silicon crystal liquid crystal substrate 1 faces the substrate.
  • a reflective layer 15 is provided on one side of the liquid crystal layer 14.
  • the color filter substrate 2 is disposed on the side close to the substrate 12 of the silicon crystal liquid crystal substrate 1.
  • the polarization beam splitter 3 is disposed between the silicon crystal liquid crystal substrate 1 and the color filter substrate 2; the light source 4 is disposed between the polarization beam splitter 3 and the silicon crystal liquid crystal substrate 1 to provide nonlinear polarization light for the polarization beam splitter 3.
  • the polarization beam splitter 3 can divide the nonlinearly polarized light into linearly polarized P-polarized light and S-polarized light, the P-polarized light can pass through the polarizing beam splitter 3, and the S-polarized light is directed by the polarizing beam splitter 3 toward the reflecting surface of the reflective layer 15. .
  • the light emitted by the light source 4 is irradiated on the polarization beam splitter 3, and the polarization beam splitter 3 converts the nonlinear polarized light emitted by the received light source 4 into a polarization.
  • Light and separate the S-polarized light perpendicular to the plane of the nonlinearly polarized light and the P-polarized light parallel to the plane of the nonlinearly polarized light.
  • the P-polarized light will pass through the polarizing beam splitter 3, and the S-polarized light will be injected into the silicon crystal.
  • the liquid crystal substrate 1 is irradiated on the reflection surface of the reflective layer 15 in the silicon crystal liquid crystal substrate 1.
  • the polarizing plate is disposed on the light-emitting surface side and the light-incident surface side of the existing liquid crystal display panel, and the light transmits at least 50% of the energy through the polarizer, and the light passes through the array substrate and the liquid crystal layer. , color film substrate, light energy utilization rate is only 3 ⁇ 10%.
  • the transistor and the driving line of the silicon crystal liquid crystal substrate are all formed on the semiconductor substrate, and are located under the reflecting surface, only the pixel gap occupies the opening area, and the aperture ratio of the pixel can reach 96%, and the array substrate of the existing liquid crystal display panel
  • the transistor, the gate line, the data line, and the like all need to occupy an opening area, and the aperture ratio is generally 85%. Therefore, the resolution or aperture ratio of the silicon crystal liquid crystal substrate used in the embodiment is high.
  • the display device provided by the embodiment improves the utilization of light energy and has high resolution.
  • the bottom 12 of the above-mentioned village bottom is preferably glass.
  • it can also be a substrate made of other materials that can transmit light, such as quartz, plastic, etc., and will not be described again here.
  • the reflective layer 15 may include a pixel electrode, and the transparent electrode layer 16 is disposed on the side of the substrate 12 of the silicon crystal liquid crystal substrate 1 facing the liquid crystal layer 14.
  • the reflective layer 15 is an aluminum reflective layer, and the transparent electrode layer 16 may be indium tin oxide (ITO).
  • the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer in the above silicon crystal liquid crystal substrate may be various types of liquid crystal molecules, and adopt different modes, for example, as described below.
  • the liquid crystal layer is a nematic liquid crystal.
  • the transparent electrode and the pixel electrode are not charged, the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer have optical rotation, and the S polarized light is reflected by the reflective layer. After passing through the liquid crystal layer, the polarization direction of the S polarized light changes (ie, changes). For P-polarized light, it can pass through the polarizing beam splitter, as shown in Figure 3.
  • the transparent electrode and the pixel electrode are powered, the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer are arranged in the direction of the electric field, and after the S-polarized light passes through the liquid crystal layer, the polarization of the S-polarized light The direction is unchanged and cannot pass through the polarizing beam splitter, as shown in Figure 4.
  • the liquid crystal layer is a cholesteric liquid crystal.
  • the transparent electrode and the pixel electrode are energized, the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer are arranged along the vertical electric field direction, and the S polarized light is reflected by the reflective layer. After passing through the liquid crystal layer, the polarization direction of the S polarized light is changed ( That is, it becomes P-polarized), and it can pass through the polarizing beam splitter, as shown in FIG. 3.
  • the transparent electrode and the pixel electrode are not energized, after the S-polarized light passes through the liquid crystal layer, the polarization direction of the S-polarized light does not change, and the light cannot pass through.
  • Polarization beam splitter as shown in Figure 4.
  • the above-mentioned silicon crystal liquid crystal substrate 1 is composed of a plurality of silicon crystal liquid crystal cells 11.
  • the rotation direction of liquid crystal molecules in each silicon crystal liquid crystal cell in the silicon crystal liquid crystal substrate can be controlled by a circuit.
  • the brightness of each pixel in the display device is controlled to increase the contrast of the display device.
  • the polarizing beam splitting surface 311 of the polarizing beam splitter 3 and the silicon crystal liquid crystal substrate 1 are at an angle.
  • the angle between the medium and the light source 4 is an acute angle. Since the substrate 12, the liquid crystal layer 14, and the semiconductor substrate 13 in the silicon crystal liquid crystal substrate 1 are parallel to each other, the angle between the polarization beam splitting surface 311 of the polarization beam splitter 3 and the silicon crystal liquid crystal substrate 1 is also the polarization of the polarization beam splitter 3.
  • the angle between the light splitting surface 311 and the side of the substrate 12 facing away from the liquid crystal layer 14 is.
  • the angle between the polarizing beam splitting surface 311 and the side of the substrate 12 facing away from the liquid crystal layer 14 is 5 degrees to 45 degrees toward the light source, and may be, for example, 5 degrees, 10 degrees, 15 degrees, 20 degrees, 25 degrees. Degree, 30 degrees, 35 degrees, 40 degrees, 45 degrees, etc., will not be repeated here. If the angle is small, the thickness of the device is relatively thin; if the angle is large, the thickness of the device is relatively large.
  • the above polarizing beam splitter has various structures, for example, as described below.
  • the polarization beam splitter 3 is a polarization beam splitter array, and the polarization beam splitter array is composed of a plurality of polarization beam splitters 31.
  • 2 is a partial enlarged view of a structural view of the display device shown in FIG. 1; as shown in FIG. 2, each of the polarizing beamsplitters 31 is formed by bonding bevels of two isosceles right-angle prisms.
  • the prism has a polarization polarizing layer 312 on the inclined surface, and the polarization beam splitting layer 312 forms a polarization beam splitting surface 311.
  • the light emitted by the light source is irradiated on the polarizing beam splitting surface 311, the nonlinearly polarized light is converted into polarized light, and the S polarized light perpendicular to the plane of the nonlinearly polarized light is separated and parallel to the non-polar
  • the P-polarized light of the plane in which the linearly polarized light is located, the P-polarized light may pass through the polarization beam splitter, and the S-polarized light will be irradiated on the silicon crystal liquid crystal substrate.
  • the above two isosceles right-angle prisms can be respectively made of SF57 glass and SF2 glass material, and the polarized light splitting layer is composed of a titanium dioxide film layer, a tantalum pentoxide film layer, an aluminum oxide film layer, and a silicon dioxide film layer. Made of two or more film layers.
  • the polarized light splitting layer is made of a titanium dioxide film layer, a tantalum pentoxide film layer, an aluminum oxide film layer, or a silicon dioxide film layer, for P-polarized light, at wavelengths of 420-460 nm and 460-680 nm In the range, the integrated transmittance is 88% and 93.4%, respectively, and for S-polarized light, the integrated transmittance is 0.095% in the wavelength range of 420 to 680 nm.
  • the refractive index of the hundreds of plastic films forms a transparent plate, and the portions with different refractive indices form a high reflectivity ⁇ /4 film stack.
  • the light emitted by the light source is irradiated on the polarizing beam splitter, and is divided into linear polarization ⁇ polarized light and S polarized light, ⁇ polarized light can pass through the transparent plate, and S polarized light is reflected by the ⁇ /4 film stack to the reflective layer of the silicon crystalline liquid crystal substrate. On the surface.
  • the polarization beam splitter is a super-polarization beam splitter made of photonic crystal defects, and the super-polarization beam splitter has a P-polarized sub-crystal waveguide and an S-polarized sub-crystal waveguide.
  • the light emitted by the light source is irradiated on the polarizing beam splitter, and is divided into linear polarization P-polarized light and S-polarized light.
  • P polarized light will propagate along the P-polarized sub-crystal waveguide, and S-polarized light will propagate along the S-polarized sub-crystal waveguide.
  • the polarizing beam splitter has a small loss of light and can be applied to a display device of high resolution, high contrast, and high brightness.
  • the light source used in this embodiment is, for example, a light-emitting diode or a cold cathode fluorescent tube, and may be other types of light-emitting elements.
  • the polarization beam splitter is fixed to the silicon crystal liquid crystal substrate by a fixing device.
  • Fixing device Think of a variety of structures, such as the following.
  • the fixing device includes a wedge-shaped light guide plate 5, the wedge-shaped light guide plate 5 is disposed on the silicon crystal liquid crystal substrate 1, and the polarization beam splitter 3 is fixed on the wedge-shaped light guide plate 5.
  • the light emitted by the light source is incident on the polarization beam splitter through the light guide plate 5.
  • a wedge specifically refers to a figure that has a tendency to gather or expand.
  • the fixing device comprises: a supporting plate 7 and an opposite first fixing frame 61 and a second fixing frame 62.
  • One end of the supporting plate 7 is connected with the first fixing frame 61, and the other end of the supporting plate 7 is
  • the two fixing frames 62 are connected, and the supporting plate 7 supports the polarization beam splitter 3, and the angle between the supporting plate 7 and the silicon crystal liquid crystal substrate is an acute angle.
  • the support plate 7 is an optical substrate
  • the first fixing frame 61 and the second fixing frame 62 are plastic frames
  • the polarization beam splitter 3 is attached to the optical substrate.
  • the support plate 7 and the first fixing frame and the second fixing frame can be connected by a card slot, or can be connected by bonding, and will not be described again here.
  • the above support plate can also be a support plate made of other materials that can be transmitted through light, and will not be described here.
  • the light emitted by the light source is irradiated on a Polarization Beam Splitter (PBS), and the polarization beam splitter converts the nonlinear polarized light emitted by the received light source into polarized light. And separating the S-polarized light perpendicular to the plane of the nonlinearly polarized light and the P-polarized light parallel to the plane of the nonlinearly polarized light, the P-polarized light will pass through the polarizing beam splitter, and the S polarized light will be incident on the silicon crystalline liquid crystal substrate. (Liquid Crystal on Silicon, LCOS), irradiated on the reflective surface of the reflective layer in the silicon crystal liquid crystal substrate.
  • LCOS Liquid Crystal on Silicon
  • the embodiment of the present invention adopts reflective imaging, and the light utilization rate can reach 40% or more, and the polarization beam splitter has an integrated function, and the utilization rate of light is also high.
  • the resolution and aperture ratio of the silicon crystalline liquid crystal substrate used in the embodiments of the present invention are both high.
  • the display device provided by the embodiment improves the utilization of light energy, and has high contrast, high resolution, and high resolution.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)

Abstract

一种显示装置，包括：硅晶液晶基板（1），包括相对设置的半导体基底（13）和衬底（12）、设置于半导体基底（13）和衬底（12）之间的液晶层（14），设置于半导体基底（13）朝向液晶层（14）的一侧的反射层（15）；彩膜基板（2），设置于硅晶液晶基板（1）的衬底（12）的一侧；设置于硅晶液晶基板（1）和彩膜基板（2）之间的偏振分光器（3），设置于偏振分光器（3）和硅晶液晶基板（1）之间、为偏振分光器（3）提供非线性偏极化光的光源（4）。偏振分光器（3）可将非线性偏极化光分为线性偏极化P偏光和S偏光，P偏光可穿过偏振分光器（3），S偏光被偏振分光器（3）射向硅晶液晶基板（1）中的反射层（15）的反射面上。该显示装置提高了光能的利用率，具有高分辨率。

Description

显示装置 技术领域
本发明的实施例涉及一种显示装置。 背景技术
现有 LCD (液晶显示装置)显示技术主要通过一背光源、 一液晶显示面板 来显示成像。 液晶显示面板朝向背光源的一面贴附有下偏振片， 背离光源的 一面贴附有上偏光片。 以扭曲向列型 (Twisted Nematic, TN)常白模式液晶显 示器为例，其工作原理为： 由背光源发出的光经过下偏振片后变为线偏振光， 如果液晶显示面板不加电， 位于彩膜基板和阵列基板之间的液晶层中液晶分 子呈 90度的扭转， 光经过该液晶层后偏振方向旋转 90度， 可以通过上偏振 片； 如果液晶显示面板加电， 则液晶层中液晶分子排列方式改变（沿电场方 向排列） ， 光经过液晶层后偏振方向不变， 从而光线将无法通过上偏振片。
传统的液晶显示装置中， 光源发出的光需要经过上偏振片和下偏振片， 光线透过下偏振片至少要损失掉 50%的光能量， 再经过阵列基板、 液晶层、 彩膜基板， 又有大部分光能被吸收， 光线经过上偏振片又损失了部分能量， 最终光的利用率仅为 5%左右。 发明内容
本发明的实施例提供了一种显示装置， 提高了光能的利用率， 同时具有 高分辨率。
本发明的一个方面提供了一种显示装置， 包括： 硅晶液晶基板， 包括相 对设置的半导体基底和村底、 设置于所述半导体基底和所述村底之间的液晶 层、以及设置于所述半导体基底朝向所述液晶层的一侧的反射层；彩膜基板， 设置于靠近所述硅晶液晶基板的所述村底的一侧； 设置于所述硅晶液晶基板 和所述彩膜基板之间的偏振分光器； 设置于所述偏振分光器和所述硅晶液晶 基板之间、 为所述偏振分光器提供非线性偏极化光的光源； 所述偏振分光器 可将非线性偏极化光分为线性偏极化 P偏光和 S偏光， 所述 P偏光可穿过所 述偏振分光器， 所述 S偏光被所述偏振分光器射向所述硅晶液晶基板中的反 射层的反射面上。
在一个示例中， 所述反射层包括像素电极。
在一个示例中， 所述硅晶液晶基板的所述村底朝向所述液晶层的一侧设 置有透明电极层。
在一个示例中， 所述偏振分光器的偏振光分光面与所述硅晶液晶基板的 夹角中朝向所述光源的夹角为锐角。
在一个示例中， 所述偏振分光器为偏极化分光镜阵列、 双折射聚合物材 料薄膜堆、 利用光子晶体缺陷制作的超微偏振光分束器。
在一个示例中， 所述偏极化分光镜阵列包括多个偏极化分光镜， 每一个 所述偏极化分光镜为由两个等腰直角棱镜的斜面粘合而成的棱镜， 所述斜面 上设置有偏极化分光层， 所述偏极化分光层形成所述偏振光分光面。
在一个示例中， 所述偏极化分光层由二氧化钛膜层、 五氧化二钽膜层、 三氧化二铝膜层、 二氧化硅膜层中的两种或两种以上膜层制成。
在一个示例中，所述偏振分光器通过固定装置设置于所述硅晶液晶基板。 在一个示例中， 所述固定装置为楔形导光板， 所述楔形导光板设置于所 述硅晶液晶基板上， 所述偏振分光器固定于所述楔形导光板， 所述光源发出 的光经所述导光板射入所述偏振分光器。
在一个示例中， 所述固定装置包括： 支撑板和相对设置的第一固定架和 第二固定架， 所述支撑板的一端与所述第一固定架连接， 所述支撑板的另一 端与所述第二固定架连接， 所述支撑板支撑所述偏振分光器， 所述支撑板与 所述硅晶液晶基板的夹角为锐角。
本发明实施例提供的显示装置， 提高了光能的利用率， 具有高分辨率。 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案， 下面将对实施例的附图作 筒单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅涉及本发明的一些实施例， 而非对本发明的限制。
图 1为本发明提供的显示装置结构示意图；
图 2为图 1所示的显示装置结构示意图中 A处的局部放大图； 图 3为本发明提供的显示装置中一种光路图；
图 4为本发明提供的显示装置中另一种光路图；
图 5为本发明提供的显示装置中的偏振分光器和硅晶基板一种固定方式 结构示意图；
图 6为本发明提供的显示装置中的偏振分光器和硅晶基板另一种固定方 式结构示意图。
附图标记：
1.硅晶液晶基板 11.硅晶液晶基元 12.村底 13. 半导体基底 14. 液晶层 15.反射层 16. 透明电极层 2. 彩膜基板 3. 偏振分光 哭口
31. 偏极化分光镜 311. 偏振光分光面 312.偏极化分光层 4.光源 5.导光板 61. 第一固定架 62. 第二固定架 7.支撑板 具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、 技术方案和优点更加清楚， 下面将结合本发 明实施例的附图，对本发明实施例的技术方案进行清楚、 完整地描述。显然， 所描述的实施例是本发明的一部分实施例， 而不是全部的实施例。 基于所描 述的本发明的实施例， 本领域普通技术人员在无需创造性劳动的前提下所获 得的所有其他实施例， 都属于本发明保护的范围。
除非另作定义， 此处使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本发明所属领 域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常意义。 本发明专利申请说明书以及权 利要求书中使用的 "第一" 、 "第二" 以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、 数量或者重要性， 而只是用来区分不同的组成部分。 同样， "一个" 、 "一" 或者 "该"等类似词语也不表示数量限制， 而是表示存在至少一个。 "包括" 或者 "包含" 等类似的词语意指出现该词前面的元件或者物件涵盖出现在该 词后面列举的元件或者物件及其等同，而不排除其他元件或者物件。 "连接" 或者 "相连" 等类似的词语并非限定于物理的或者机械的连接， 而是可以包 括电性的连接， 不管是直接的还是间接的。 "上" 、 "下" 、 "左" 、 "右" 等仅用于表示相对位置关系， 当被描述对象的绝对位置改变后， 则该相对位 置关系也可能相应地改变。 实施例一
本实施例提供了一种显示装置， 如图 1所示， 其包括硅晶液晶基板 1、 彩膜基板 2、 偏振分光器 3和光源 4。
如图 2所示， 硅晶液晶基板 1 包括相对设置的半导体基底 13、 村底 12 以及设置于半导体基底 13和村底 12之间的液晶层 14,硅晶液晶基板 1的半 导体基底 13朝向所述液晶层 14的一侧设置有反射层 15。
彩膜基板 2设置于靠近硅晶液晶基板 1的村底 12的一侧。
偏振分光器 3设置于硅晶液晶基板 1和彩膜基板 2之间； 光源 4设置于 偏振分光器 3和硅晶液晶基板 1之间、为偏振分光器 3提供非线性偏极化光。 偏振分光器 3可将非线性偏极化光分为线性偏极化 P偏光和 S偏光， P偏光 可穿过偏振分光器 3, S偏光被偏振分光器 3射向反射层 15的反射面上。
本实施例提供的显示装置， 如图 1所示， 光源 4发出的光照射在偏振分 光器 3上， 偏振分光器 3将接收到的光源 4发出的非线性偏极化光转化为偏 极化光、 并分离出垂直于非线性偏极化光所在平面的 S偏光和平行于非线性 偏极化光所在平面的 P偏光， P偏光将穿过偏振分光器 3 , S偏光将射入硅晶 液晶基板 1 , 照射在硅晶液晶基板 1中的反射层 15的反射面上。 即， 本实施 例采用反射式成像，光利用率可达 40 %以上，且偏振分光器 3具有集成功能， 对光的利用率也较高。 比较而言， 现有的液晶显示面板的出光面一侧和入光 面一侧分别设置有偏光片， 光线透过偏光片至少要损失掉 50%的能量， 光线 还要经过阵列基板、 液晶层、 彩膜基板， 光能利用率仅有 3~10%。 另外， 硅 晶液晶基板的晶体管及驱动线路都制作于半导体基底， 位于反射面之下， 仅 有像素间隙占用开口面积， 像素的开口率可以达到 96%, 而现有的液晶显示 面板的阵列基板中的晶体管及栅线、 数据线等都需要占用开口面积， 开口率 一般是 85%, 故本实施例中用到的硅晶液晶基板的分辨率或开口率都较高。
所以， 本实施例提供的显示装置， 提高了光能的利用率， 同时具有高分 辨率。
上述村底 12优选为玻璃， 当然也可以为其它可以透光的材质例如石英、 塑料等制成的村底， 这里就不再一一赘述。
继续参考图 2, 反射层 15可以包括像素电极， 上述硅晶液晶基板 1的村 底 12朝向液晶层 14的一侧设有透明电极层 16, 本实施例中， 优选地， 反射 层 15为铝反射层， 透明电极层 16可采用氧化铟锡（ ITO ) 。
上述硅晶液晶基板中的液晶层内的液晶分子可以为多种类型液晶分子， 采用不同模式， 例如如下所述。
结构一
液晶层为向列相液晶， 当透明电极和像素电极不加电时， 液晶层中的液 晶分子具有旋光性， S偏光经反射层反射， 通过液晶层后， S偏光的偏振方 向改变（即变为 P偏光） ， 可以透过偏振分光器， 如图 3所示； 当透明电极 和像素电极加电时， 液晶层中的液晶分子沿电场方向排列， S偏光通过液晶 层后， S偏光的偏振方向不变， 不可以透过偏振分光器， 如图 4所示。
结构二
液晶层为向胆甾相液晶， 当透明电极和像素电极加电时， 液晶层中的液 晶分子沿垂直电场方向排列， S偏光经反射层反射， 通过液晶层后， S偏光 的偏振方向改变 (即变为 P偏光）， 可以透过偏振分光器， 如图 3所示； 当透 明电极和像素电极不加电时， S偏光通过液晶层后， S偏光的偏振方向不改 变， 不可以透过偏振分光器， 如图 4所示。
由图 1可以看出上述硅晶液晶基板 1由多个硅晶液晶基元 11组成，本实 施例可以通过电路控制硅晶液晶基板中每个硅晶液晶基元中液晶分子的旋 向， 来控制显示装置中每个像素的亮度， 从而提高显示装置的对比度。
进一步的， 为了保证光源发出的光照射在偏振分光器上并能反射至硅晶 液晶基板 1 , 如图 1所示， 偏振分光器 3的偏振光分光面 311与硅晶液晶基 板 1的夹角中朝向光源 4的夹角为锐角。 由于硅晶液晶基板 1中的村底 12、 液晶层 14和半导体基底 13相互平行，所以偏振分光器 3的偏振光分光面 311 与硅晶液晶基板 1的夹角也就是偏振分光器 3的偏振光分光面 311与村底 12 背离液晶层 14一面的夹角。
优选地， 偏振光分光面 311与村底 12背离液晶层 14的一面的夹角中朝 向光源的夹角为 5度~45度， 例如可以为 5度、 10度、 15度、 20度、 25度、 30度、 35度、 40度、 45度等， 这里就不再一一赘述。 如果角度小， 则装置 的厚度比较薄； 如果角度大， 则装置的厚度比较大。
上述偏振分光器的结构有多种， 例如如下所述。
结构一 如图 1所示， 偏振分光器 3为偏极化分光镜阵列， 偏极化分光镜阵列由 多个偏极化分光镜 31组成。 图 2为图 1所示的显示装置结构示意图中 A处 的局部放大图；如图 2所示，上述每一个偏极化分光镜 31为由两个等腰直角 棱镜的斜面粘合而成的棱镜， 斜面上具有偏极化分光层 312, 偏极化分光层 312形成偏振分光面 311。光源发出的光照射在偏振光分光面 311上，非线性 偏极化光转化为偏极化光、 并分离出垂直于所述非线性偏极化光所在平面的 S偏光和平行于所述非线性偏极化光所在平面的 P偏光， P偏光可穿过偏振 分光器， S偏光将照射在所述硅晶液晶基板上。
上述两个等腰直角棱镜可以分别由 SF57玻璃和 SF2玻璃材料制成， 偏 极化分光层由二氧化钛膜层、 五氧化二钽膜层、 三氧化二铝膜层、 二氧化硅 膜层中的两种或两种以上膜层制成。 当偏极化分光层由二氧化钛膜层、 五氧 化二钽膜层、 三氧化二铝膜层、 二氧化硅膜层制成时， 对于 P偏振光， 在 420- 460 nm和 460~ 680 nm 波长范围内， 积分透射率分别达到 88%和 93.4% ; 而对于 S 偏振光， 在 420~ 680 nm 波长范围内， 积分透射率为 0.095%。
结构二 数百层塑料薄膜中折射率相同的部分形成透明板， 折射率不同的部分形成高 反射率的 λ /4膜堆。 光源发出的光照射在偏振分光器上， 分为线性偏极化 Ρ 偏光和 S偏光， Ρ偏光可穿过透明板， S偏光被 λ /4膜堆反射到硅晶液晶基 板的反射层的反射面上。
结构三
偏振分光器为由光子晶体缺陷制成的超 偏振分光束器， 超 偏振分光 束器具有 P偏光子晶体波导和 S偏光子晶体波导。 光源发出的光照射在偏振 分光器上， 分为线性偏极化 P偏光和 S偏光， P偏光将沿着 P偏光子晶体波 导方向传播， S偏光将沿着 S偏光子晶体波导方向传播， 这种偏振分光器对 光的损失 4艮小， 可以应用在高分辨率、 高对比度、 高亮度的显示装置中。
本实施例中应用的光源例如为发光二级管或冷阴极荧光灯管， 也可以是 其它类型发光元件。
进一步地， 偏振分光器通过固定装置固定于硅晶液晶基板。 固定装置可 以为多种结构， 例如如下所述。
结构一
如图 5所示， 固定装置包括楔形导光板 5 , 楔形导光板 5设置于硅晶液 晶基板 1上， 偏振分光器 3固定于楔形导光板 5 , 光源发出的光经导光板 5 射入偏振分光器 3。 楔形具体指具有收拢趋势或扩张趋势的图形。
结构二
如图 6所示， 固定装置包括： 支撑板 7和相对设置的第一固定架 61和第 二固定架 62, 支撑板 7的一端与第一固定架 61连接， 支撑板 7的另一端与 第二固定架 62连接， 支撑板 7支撑偏振分光器 3 , 支撑板 7与硅晶液晶基板 的夹角为锐角。 本实施例中， 优选地， 支撑板 7为光学基板， 第一固定架 61 和第二固定架 62为胶框，偏振分光器 3贴附于光学基板。支撑板 7与第一固 定架和第二固定架之间可以通过卡槽实现连接， 也可以通过粘合实现连接， 这里就不再——赘述。
当然， 上述支撑板也可以为其它可以透光的材质制成的支撑板， 这里就 不再——赘述。
本发明实施例提供的显示装置中， 光源发出的光照射在偏振分光器 ( Polarization Beam Spliter, PBS )上， 偏振分光器将接收到的光源发出的非 线性偏极化光转化为偏极化光、 并分离出垂直于非线性偏极化光所在平面的 S偏光和平行于非线性偏极化光所在平面的 P偏光， P偏光将穿过偏振分光 器， S偏光将射入硅晶液晶基板（Liquid Crystal on Silicon, LCOS ) , 照射在 硅晶液晶基板中的反射层的反射面上。即，本发明的实施例采用反射式成像， 光利用率可达 40 %以上， 偏振分光器具有集成功能， 对光的利用率也较高。 本发明实施例中用到的硅晶液晶基板的分辨率和开口率都较高。
综上， 本实施例提供的显示装置，提高了光能的利用率， 具有高对比度、 高分辨率和高解析度。
以上所述仅是本发明的示范性实施方式， 而非用于限制本发明的保护范 围， 本发明的保护范围由所附的权利要求确定。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种显示装置， 包括：
硅晶液晶基板，所述硅晶液晶基板包括：相对设置的半导体基底和村底、 设置于所述半导体基底和所述村底之间的液晶层、 以及在所述半导体基底朝 向所述液晶层的一侧设置的反射层；
彩膜基板， 设置于靠近所述硅晶液晶基板的所述村底的一侧；
设置于所述硅晶液晶基板和所述彩膜基板之间的偏振分光器； 以及 设置于所述偏振分光器和所述硅晶液晶基板之间、 为所述偏振分光器提 供非线性偏极化光的光源； 其中， 所述偏振分光器可将非线性偏极化光分为 线性偏极化 P偏光和 S偏光， 所述 P偏光可穿过所述偏振分光器， 所述 S偏 光被所述偏振分光器射向所述硅晶液晶基板中的反射层的反射面上。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的显示装置， 其中， 所述反射层包括像素电极。
3、根据权利要求 1或 2所述的显示装置， 其中， 所述硅晶液晶基板的所 述村底朝向所述液晶层的一侧设置有透明电极层。
4、 根据权利要求 1-3任一所述的显示装置， 其中， 所述偏振分光器的偏 振光分光面与所述硅晶液晶基板的夹角中朝向所述光源的夹角为锐角。
5、 根据权利要求 1-4任一所述的显示装置， 其中， 所述偏振分光器为偏 极化分光镜阵列、 双折射聚合物材料薄膜堆或利用光子晶体缺陷制作的超微 偏振光分束器。
6、根据权利要求 5所述的显示装置， 其中， 所述偏极化分光镜阵列包括 多个偏极化分光镜， 每一个所述偏极化分光镜为由两个等腰直角棱镜的斜面 粘合而成的棱镜， 所述斜面上设置有偏极化分光层， 所述偏极化分光层形成 所述偏振光分光面。
7、根据权利要求 6所述的显示装置， 其中， 所述偏极化分光层由二氧化 钛膜层、 五氧化二钽膜层、 三氧化二铝膜层、 二氧化硅膜层中的两种或两种 以上膜层制成。
8、 根据权利要求 1-7任一所述的显示装置， 其中， 所述偏振分光器通过 固定装置设置于所述硅晶液晶基板。
9、根据权利要求 8所述的显示装置，其中，所述固定装置为楔形导光板， 所述楔形导光板设置于所述硅晶液晶基板上， 所述偏振分光器固定于所述楔
10、 根据权利要求 8所述的显示装置， 其中， 所述固定装置包括： 支撑 板和相对设置的第一固定架和第二固定架， 所述支撑板的一端与所述第一固 定架连接， 所述支撑板的另一端与所述第二固定架连接， 所述支撑板支撑所 述偏振分光器， 所述支撑板与所述硅晶液晶基板的夹角为锐角。
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