WO2014146703A1

WO2014146703A1 - Crusher wear resistant liner

Info

Publication number: WO2014146703A1
Application number: PCT/EP2013/055769
Authority: WO
Inventors: Rrezart ZEJNULLAHU; Jonas LINDVALL; Jan Johansson
Original assignee: Sandvik Intellectual Property Ab
Priority date: 2013-03-20
Filing date: 2013-03-20
Publication date: 2014-09-25

Abstract

A modular wear protection liner (103) for a crusher bottom shell (100). The liner comprises a plurality of individual plates (108-112) configured for attachment to an inner surface (102) at the bottom shell via discreet bonded attachment regions. Each plate is specifically configured to comprise at least one slit (203) formed in the main body between a first (204) and second (205) face, the at least one slit (203) having a first section (401) extending inwardly from a position at the perimeter of the plate (108 to 112) and a second section (402) extending in a direction along a region of the perimeter so as to define a flexible arm (206) formed between the slit (203) and the region of the perimeter, the arm (206) capable of flexing relative to a remaining region of the main body adjacent the flexible arm (206).

Description

Crusher Wear Resistant Liner

Field of invention

The present invention relates to a crusher wear resistant liner for positioning at a crusher bottom shell and in particular, although not exclusively, to a modular liner in which a plurality of individual wear resistant plates are flexibly mounted at the bottom shell so as to avoid creation of stress in the bottom shell.

Back round art

Gyratory crushers are used for crushing ore, mineral and rock material to smaller sizes. Typically, the crusher comprises a crushing head mounted upon an elongate main shaft. A first crushing shell (typically referred to as a mantle) is mounted on the crushing head and a second crushing shell (typically referred to as a concave) is mounted on a frame such that the first and second crushing shells together define a crushing gap through which material to be crushed is passed. A driving device positioned at a lower region of the main shaft is configured to rotate an eccentric assembly about the shaft to cause the crushing head to perform a gyratory pendulum movement and crush the material introduced in the crushing gap. Typically, the frame of the crusher that, in part, defines the crushing zone comprises a top shell and a bottom shell. The top shell is generally protected by the first crushing shell. It is then generally conventional to include a wear protection liner at the bottom shell as this region of the crusher is also exposed to the flow of processed materials.

US 4,065,064 discloses lining plates for use in protecting the crusher bottom shell. The plates comprises a generally trapezoid shape and have mounting bore holes through which fastening bolts attach the plates directly to the bottom shell wall.

In some situations, the protective liners are welded to the bottom shell inner surface where the positioning of mounting bolts is not possible. During use, significant loading forces act through the bottom shell and liner resulting in small but not insignificant movement of these two components. Typically, the wear plates are attached to the bottom shell at four weld positions, corresponding to the plate corners, such that deformation forces between the bottom shell and liner are transferred directly through the rigid attachments leading to significant stress concentrations at the bottom shell and liner. These significant loading forces and stress concentrations arise even with relatively low bottom shell and/or liner displacements. In time, these forces can lead to cracking of the bottom shell and/or the liner which, in turn, requires necessitates crusher shut-down for maintenance and repair. This is costly both with regard to crusher downtime and replacement or repair of the bottom shell. What is required is a wear protection liner that addresses the above problems. Summary of the Invention

It is an objective of the present invention to provide a modular wear protection liner for a crusher bottom shell that is configured to minimise stress concentrations in the attachment mountings that connect the liner to the bottom shell. Accordingly, it is a further objective to minimise fatigue at both the attachment mountings and the bottom shell. The objectives are achieved by providing a modular wear resistant liner formed from a plurality of wear resistant plates, where each plate comprises at least one flexible linkage member that is utilised as a region of attachment of each plate to the bottom shell.

Advantageously, to minimise the weight of the liner, regions of each plate comprise slits that form flexible elongate arm sections the end regions of which are attachable to the bottom shell. Accordingly, the flexible arms provide connecting bridges between the bottom shell and each plate. As these flexible spring sections are shaped within the perimeter of the plate, no additional material is required relative to conventional liners. Each plate comprises a plurality of flexible arms that are formed respectively at spaced apart sections at the perimeter of each plate so as to relieve deformation forces in the x, y and z directions resultant from movement of the bottom shell and/or the liner during use. The present wear protection plates are further advantageous by reducing the number of attachment mountings to the bottom shell. In particular, and preferably the present wear protection plates require only two or three mounting positions in contrast to conventional plates that require four mountings.

According to a first aspect of the present invention there is provided a crusher wear resistant liner for positioning at a crusher bottom shell, the liner comprising: a plurality of wear resistant plates mountable at an inside of the bottom shell adjacent to each other to at least partially protect the inside of the bottom shell; each plate having a main body with a first face and a second face and comprising side edges, a top and a bottom edge to define a perimeter of the plate; characterised in that each plate comprises: at least one slit formed in the main body between the first and second face, the at least one slit having a first section extending inwardly from a position at the perimeter of the plate and a second section extending in a direction along a region of the perimeter so as to define a flexible arm formed between the slit and the region of the perimeter, the arm capable of flexing relative to a remaining region of the main body adjacent the flexible arm. In one embodiment, at least one plate comprises two flexible arms positioned respectively towards each of the two side edges. Additionally, according to one embodiment, at least one plate comprises three flexible arms positioned respectively at any one or a combination of the side edges, top and bottom edges.

Preferably, each plate comprises a notch formed at a region of the plate perimeter and at an end region of the flexible arm towards the first section of the slit. Preferably, a shape profile of the perimeter at the notch is curved or arcuate. The notch is positioned and dimensioned to facilitate addition of weld material to this specific perimeter region of each modular plate. According to a specific attachment process, weld material is applied to the notch region of the plate so as to overlap onto the exposed radially inward facing surface of the plate and to at least penetrate the intermediate region between a rear face of the plate and inner facing surface of the bottom shell so as to create a bond at each notch region of the plate.

Preferably, an end of the second section of the slit is terminated by a curved or arcuate slit section. Preferably, the curved or arcuate slit section is positioned inboard of the flexible arm adjacent a region of the main body of the plate. The curved or arcuate slit section is advantageous to prevent crack propagation from the end of the slit and into the main body of the plate. Additionally, this curved section of the slit provides an end arm section that increase in thickness towards the inner region of the plate body. This is advantageous to provide a smooth transition of the deformation forces from the flexible arm and into the main body of the plate.

Preferably, the liner further comprises a plurality of connection brackets. Each bracket may be attached to a second face of one of the plates and a second face of another of the plates so as to interconnect at least some of the plates to form a semi or completely interconnected liner. Preferably, the brackets are bonded to the second face of respective plates via weld material. Additionally, the brackets may be bonded by any suitable bonding means including adhesives and mechanical attachments such as rivets, screws, bolts and the like.

Optionally, a thickness of the flexible arm in a direction between the slit and the plate perimeter is substantially uniform over a length of the arm between an end of a first arm section and an end of a second arm section. Alternatively, the thickness of the arm in a direction between the inboard slit and the outer perimeter is non-uniform over its length so as to provide a flexible arm of varying thickness (or width) to affect the flex characteristics of the arm and the transfer of deformation forces between the bottom shell and liner.

Preferably, the slit comprises a curved or arcuate shape profile at a region of the first section, wherein the curved or arcuate shape profile of the slit corresponds to the curved or arcuate shape profile of the notch. In one embodiment, the liner comprises between five to sixteen connection brackets.

Optionally, the liner comprises fourteen plates and eight connection brackets. As will be appreciated, the present modular liner may comprise any number of plates and connection brackets so as to fit a variety of different sized bottom shells and crushers. The present modular liners and connection brackets are not restricted to a particular shape profile and configuration. Additionally, the present liner comprises a plurality of plates having a different shape and configuration to suit attachment to particular regions within the bottom shell. In one embodiment, a thickness of each modular plate between the front and rear faces is substantially uniform over the full surface area of each plate. Brief description of drawings

A specific implementation of the present invention will now be described, by way of example only, and with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: Figure 1 is an elevated perspective view of a crusher bottom shell comprising a modular wear resistant liner, with each module interlocked in position at an inner surface of the bottom shell according to a specific implementation of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a further elevated perspective view of the crusher bottom shell of figure 1 without the modular liner at the bottom shell inner surface; Figure 3 is an elevated perspective view of the liner of figure 1 in isolation of the bottom shell;

Figure 4 is a front view of one of the modular plates that form the wear resistant liner of figure 3 according to a specific implementation;

Figure 5 is a side elevation view of two neighbouring plates of the liner of figure 3 interconnected by a connection bracket according to a specific implementation of the present invention;

Figure 6 is a perspective view of a further section of the liner of figure 3;

Figure 7 is a perspective view of a further section of the liner of figure 3. Detailed description of preferred embodiment of the invention

Referring to figures 1 and 2, a gyratory crusher of the type described above further comprises, according to a specific implementation of the present invention, a bottom shell 100 forming a lower part of a main crusher frame having a top shell part (not shown). The bottom shell 100 comprises walls 106 that circumferentially surround a longitudinal axis 115 extending through the crusher. An inner facing surface 102 of walls 106 defines an internal chamber 101 within bottom shell 100. Bottom shell 100 comprises an upper annular shoulder 113 for mating with a corresponding topshell (not shown). A central mounting boss 107 configured to accommodate an eccentric assembly for mounting the main shaft (not shown) is retained in position within bottom shell 100 via a plurality of structural bridges 104 that extend radially inward from the inner facing surface 102 of bottom shell 100 to contact a radially outward facing surface of boss 107.

Bottom shell 100 and in particular inner facing surface 102 is protected by a modular wear resistant liner 103 that extends circumferentially over surface 102 thereby concealing it and preventing it from damage due to the passage of crushed material falling within internal chamber 101. Liner 103 comprises a plurality of modular plates that are separately and independently secured to inner surface 102 via suitable attachment mountings as detailed below. In particular, liner 103 comprises five different configurations of plate 108, 109, 110, 111 and 112. The shape and geometry of each plate is configured for a specific mounting position within bottom shell 100. In particular, plate 108 is elongate and comprises a relative short axial length so as to be positioned axially above bridge 104. Similarly, plate 110 comprises a recess 201 (shown in figure 2) projecting inwardly from its perimeter for positioning at bottom shell 100 at a region in close proximity to aperture 114 that extends through bottom shell wall 106 configured to allow passage of a drive shaft (not shown).

Referring to figure 3, the modular liner assembly 103 further comprises a plurality of connection brackets 200 that assist with secure positioning of liner 103 within internal chamber 101. Brackets 200 are suitably dimensioned to form a connection bridge between neighbouring plates for example 108, 109 and 110 as shown in figure 3. In particular, each plate 108 to 112 comprises a first face 204 intended to be positioned facing radially inward towards central boss 107 and a second face 205 intended to be facing radially outward opposed to the radially inward facing bottom shell surface 102. Brackets 200 are configured for secure attachment to a region of second face 205 such that when liner 103 is installed in position within bottom shell 100, brackets 200 are radially sandwiched between liner 103 and bottom shell 100. As illustrated in figure 3, each connection bracket 200 is much smaller than each liner plate 108 to 112 by several orders of magnitude so as to attach to a relatively small area of each rearward face 205.

Each plate 108 to 112 comprises a notch 202 in a form of a recess or indent formed in a perimeter of each plate 108 to 112. Additionally, each plate 108 to 112 further comprises a plurality of slits 203 (in the form of individual cuts) extending through the full thickness of each plate 108 to 112 between the first and second faces 204, 205. Each slit 203 extends inwardly from a region of the plate perimeter and extends inboard and around notch 202. According to the relative dimensions of slit 203 and its orientation within each plate 108 to 112, each plate 108 to 112 thereby comprises a plurality of flexible arms 206. Arms 206 are intended as a means of attaching each plate 108 to 112 to surface 102 such that each plate 108 to 112 is anchored at bottom shell 100 via a plurality of its flexible arms 206. This configuration is advantageous to absorb and transmit the loading forces and stresses at the connection regions between liner 103 and bottom shell 100. That is, any global or local deformations and movements of bottom shell 100 and/or liner 103 are absorbed and dissipated by the flexible attachment linkages 206. This configuration of flexible connections 206 eliminates the creation of stress concentrations within bottom shell 100 which would otherwise cause damage, and in particular cracking, at bottom shell wall 106.

Referring to figure 4, each plate 108 to 112 comprises a perimeter defined by a top edge 300, an opposed bottom edge 302 and adjacent side edges 301 extending between top and bottom edges 300, 302. Additionally, each plate 108 to 112 comprises a plurality of notches 202 and a plurality of flexible arms 206 arranged at the plate perimeter. In particular, each indented notch 202 comprises a curved or arcuate profile extending over a relatively short length along one edge (300 to 302). Each arm 206 is defined, in part, by elongate slit 203. Slit 203 comprises a first end 400 positioned at the plate perimeter. Slit 203 extends inwardly within plate 110 from perimeter region 400 following a curved or arcuate path adjacent the curved notch edge 202 to represent a first region 401 of slit 203 which in turn defines a first section 405 of arm 206. Slit 203 continues over a second region 402 so as to be aligned along a region of the plate perimeter substantially parallel with edge 300. This section of slit 402 defines a second section of arm 406. Slit 402 then continues and is terminated by a curving arcuate end section 403 that curves inwardly towards an inner region of plate 110 to terminate at second end 404. According to the specific implementation, arm sections 405 and 406 comprise a width in a direction between slit 203 and perimeter edge 300 that is substantially uniform along the length of arm 206 between a first end 407 (at perimeter edge 300) and a second end 408 (at or towards curved slit region 403 and/or slit second end 404).

Plate 110 is secured to inner surface 102 of bottom shell 100 by applying weld into the notch 202 and over a portion of first section 405 such that plate 110 is secured to bottom shell 100 via first arm section 405 towards arm first end 407. Second arm section 406 is intended to be devoid of weld material and is therefore capable of flexing and deforming to effectively provide a flexible linkage between the welded region 405 and the main body of plate 110. Curved slit section 403 is advantageous to both avoid crack propagation (splitting from slit end 404) and also to provide a tapering thickness at arm second end 408 so as to create a force transition region into the main body of plate 110.

Referring to figures 5 and 7, each plate 108 to 112 comprises a plurality of flexible arms 206 and corresponding slits 203 provided at specific perimeter regions. In particular, each plate comprises at least two arms 206 so as to provide at least two points of anchorage to bottom shell 100.

In particular and referring to figure 5, plate 108 (configured for positioning above bridge sections 104) comprises three notches 202 and two arms 206. A first notch 202 is provided at bottom edge 302 and a second and third notch 202 are provided at respective side edges 301. Due to the relatively short length of side edges 301, an adjacent pair of flexible arms 206 extend over side edges 301 and a region of top edge 300. Plate 110 comprises a first notch 202 in bottom edge 302, a second notch 202 in one side edge 301 and a third notch 202 in top edge 300. A first flexible arm 206 extends around first notch 202 and over a region of bottom edge 302 and side edge 301. A second flexible arm 206 extends around second notch 202 at side edge 301 and a third flexible arm 206 extends around third notch 202 over a region of top edge 300.

Plate 109 comprises a first notch 202 provided at a bottom edge 302, a second notch 202 provided at a first side edge 301, a third notch 202 provided at the same first side edge 301 and a fourth notch 202 provided in an opposed second side edge 301. Accordingly, a first flexible arm 206 is positioned around first notch 202 and extends over a region of bottom edge 302 and second side edge 301. A second flexible arm 206 extends around second notch 202 and first side edge 301. A third flexible arm 206 extends around third notch 202 and a region of first side edge 301 and a region of top edge 300. A fourth notch 202 does not comprise a corresponding slit 203 and therefore does not comprise a flexible arm 206 at this region.

Referring to figure 7, plate 112 comprises a first notch 202 provided at bottom edge 302, a second notch 202 formed at a first side edge 301 and a third notch 202 indented within top edge 300. A first flexible arm 206 extends around first notch 202 and over a region of bottom edge 302 and a region of a second side edge 301. A second flexible arm 206 extends around second notch 202 over a region of first side edge 301. A third flexible arm 206 extends around third notch 202 over a region of top edge 300. A fourth notch 202 is formed within the second side edge 301 and is devoid of a slit 203 and does not therefore comprise a flexible arm at this region.

Plate 111 comprises a first notch 202 formed in first side edge 301 a second notch 202 also formed within the first side edge 301 and a third notch 202 formed within a second side edge 301. A first flexible arm 206 extends around first notch 202 and over a region of first side edge 303. A second flexible arm 206 extends around second notch 202 and around a region of first side edge 301 and top edge 300. A third flexible arm 206 extends around third notch 202 and over a region of second side edge 301. Plate 109 comprises a first notch 202 formed at bottom edge 302. A second notch 202 is formed at a first side edge 301. A third notch 202 is also formed within first side edge 301 and a fourth notch 202 is formed at a region of a second side edge 301. A first flexible arm 206 is positioned at first notch 202 and extends over a region of bottom edge 302 and second side edge 301. A second flexible arm 206 is provided at second notch 202 and extends over a region of first side edge 301. A third flexible arm 206 is positioned at third notch 202 and extends over a region of first side edge 301 and a region of top edge 300. Fourth notch 202 does not comprise a corresponding slit and no flexible arm is provided at this region. According to the specific implementation, liner 103 comprises fourteen modular plates in total formed from four plates of type 108; four plates of type 109; two plates of type 110; two plates of type 111 and two plates of type 112. Additionally, the present specific implementation of liner 103 comprises eight connection brackets 200 specifically connecting and forming a bridge between adjacent neighbouring plates including specifically: a pair of plates of type 108 and 110; a pair of plates of type 108 and 109; a pair of plates of type 108 and 112. That is, bridges 200 are positioned at each side edge of every plate of type 108.

Claims

1. A crusher wear resistant liner (103) for positioning at a crusher bottom shell (100), the liner (103) comprising:

a plurality of wear resistant plates (108 to 112) mountable at an inside (102) of the bottom shell (100) adjacent to each other to at least partially protect the inside (102) of the bottom shell (100);

each plate (108 to 112) having a main body with a first face (204) and a second face (205) and comprising side edges (301), a top (300) and a bottom (302) edge to define a perimeter of the plate (108 to 112);

characterised in that each plate (108 to 112) comprises:

at least one slit (203) formed in the main body between the first (204) and second

(205) face, the at least one slit (203) having a first section (401) extending inwardly from a position at the perimeter of the plate (108 to 112) and a second section (402) extending in a direction along a region of the perimeter so as to define a flexible arm (206) formed between the slit (203) and the region of the perimeter, the arm (206) capable of flexing relative to a remaining region of the main body adjacent the flexible arm (206).

2. The liner as claimed in claim 1 wherein at least one plate (108 to 112) comprises two flexible arms (206) positioned respectively towards each of the side edges (301).

3. The liner as claimed in claim 1 wherein at least one plate (108 to 112) comprises three flexible arms (206) positioned respectively at any one or a combination of the side edges (301), top (300) and bottom (302) edge.

4. The liner as claimed in any preceding claim wherein each plate (108 to 112) comprises a notch (202) formed in the perimeter at an end region (405) of the flexible arm

(206) towards the first section (401) of the slit (203).

5. The liner as claimed in claim 4 wherein a shape profile of the perimeter at the notch (202) is curved or arcuate.

6. The liner as claimed in any preceding claim wherein an end of the second section (402) of the slit (203) is terminated by a curved or arcuate slit section (403).

7. The liner as claimed in claim 6 wherein the curved or arcuate slit section (403) is positioned inboard of the flexible arm (206) adjacent a region of the main body of the plate

(108 to 112).

8. The liner as claimed in any preceding claim comprising a plurality of connection brackets (200), each bracket (200) attached to a second face (205) of one of the plates (108 to 112) and a second face (205) of another of the plates (108 to 112) so as to interconnect at least some of the plates (108 to 112) to form a semi or completely interconnected liner (103).

9. The liner as claimed in claim 8 wherein the brackets (200) are bonded to the second face (205) of respective plates via weld material.

10. The liner as claimed in any preceding claim wherein a thickness of the flexible arm (206) in a direction between the slit (203) and the perimeter is substantially uniform over a length of the arm (206) between a first end (407) of a first arm ection (405) and a second end (408) of a second arm section (406).

11. The liner as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the slit (203) comprises a curved or arcuate shape profile at a region of the first section (401), wherein the curved or arcuate shape profile of the slit (203) corresponds to a curved or arcuate shape profile of the notch (202).

12. The liner as claimed in any preceding claim comprising ten to sixteen plates (108 to 112).

13. The liner as claimed in any preceding claim when dependent upon claim 8 comprising five to sixteen connection brackets (200).

14. The liner as claimed in any preceding claim comprising fourteen plates (108 to 112) and eight connection brackets (200).

15. A gyratory crusher comprising a bottom shell (100) and a wear resistant liner (103) as claimed in any preceding claim.