WO2014146234A1 - Adjustable couplings for use with a bandpass filter - Google Patents

Adjustable couplings for use with a bandpass filter Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014146234A1
WO2014146234A1 PCT/CN2013/072817 CN2013072817W WO2014146234A1 WO 2014146234 A1 WO2014146234 A1 WO 2014146234A1 CN 2013072817 W CN2013072817 W CN 2013072817W WO 2014146234 A1 WO2014146234 A1 WO 2014146234A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
coupling
resonators
bandpass filter
filter
coupling element
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2013/072817
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Charles G WILLIAMS
Dieter Pelz
Nicholas P WYMANT
Original Assignee
Alcatel-Lucent Shanghai Bell Co., Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alcatel-Lucent Shanghai Bell Co., Ltd. filed Critical Alcatel-Lucent Shanghai Bell Co., Ltd.
Priority to CN201380074820.9A priority Critical patent/CN105190989B/en
Priority to PCT/CN2013/072817 priority patent/WO2014146234A1/en
Publication of WO2014146234A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014146234A1/en

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01PWAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/20Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
    • H01P1/207Hollow waveguide filters
    • H01P1/208Cascaded cavities; Cascaded resonators inside a hollow waveguide structure
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01PWAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P5/00Coupling devices of the waveguide type
    • H01P5/02Coupling devices of the waveguide type with invariable factor of coupling
    • H01P5/022Transitions between lines of the same kind and shape, but with different dimensions
    • H01P5/024Transitions between lines of the same kind and shape, but with different dimensions between hollow waveguides

Definitions

  • the application generally relates to couplings between resonators of a bandpass filter and more particularly, to adjustable couplings for use with a bandpass filter.
  • High power bandpass filters are widely used in broadcast applications which require wide and accurate tunability of the filters. Also, for high power bandpass filters, the self-heating phenomenon can be excessive that may limit safe operation of the bandpass filter.
  • a traditional way to tune a bandpass filter is invasive tuning of the coupling between resonators, for example opening the bandpass filter to adjust the coupling.
  • Such kind of methods suffer from slow tuning speed and low tuning comfort, and may introduce high cost and great complexity.
  • an adjustable bandpass filter is needed which enables easier tuning of selectivity and better dissipation of self generated heat.
  • an adjustable coupling for use with a bandpass filter which comprises at least two resonators, comprises a coupling element, configured to couple the resonators; and an adjusting element with one end connected with the coupling element and another end rotatably connected to body of the bandpass filter, configured to enable adjustment of the coupling element's position from outside of the filter and heat conduction from the coupling element to the body of the bandpass filter.
  • said coupling element is configured to capacitively couple the resonators.
  • the adjusting element is configured to rotatably adjust the coupling's position.
  • the adjusting element has a length designed to eliminate impacts on operations of the coupling element.
  • the length of the adjusting element is substantially a quarter of a wavelength of a center of the filter's tuning range.
  • the adjusting element has a substantially cylindrical shape with a diameter related to a power level of the filter.
  • the coupling element comprises at least two ends which have a substantially smooth contour.
  • a bandpass filter comprises a plurality of resonators, wherein each of the resonators comprises a cavity, a resonator rod; and a plurality of couplings, configured to establish coupling relationship among the plurality of resonators; wherein at least one of the couplings is an adjustable coupling which comprises: a coupling element arranged in respective cavities of at least two of the resonators, configured to couple the at least two resonators; and an adjusting element protruding from a space between the cavities of the at least two resonators and with one end of the adjusting element connected with the coupling element and another end of the adjusting element rotatably connected to body of the bandpass filter, configured to enable adjustment of the coupling element's position in the cavities from outside of the filter.
  • a length of the adjusting element is substantially a quarter of a wavelength of a center of the filter's tuning range.
  • said plurality of resonators are transverse electrical magnetic (TEM) resonators.
  • said plurality of resonators are coupled independent of sequence including cross-coupling.
  • the coupling element comprises at least two ends which have a substantially smooth contour.
  • the adjusting element has a substantially cylindrical shape with a diameter related to a power level of the filter.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an adjustable coupling for use with a bandpass filter in accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 (a) and (b) is a sectional view of a bandpass filter in accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a top view of the bandpass filter in FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the bandpass filter in FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 5 is a top view of a bandpass filter in accordance with another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an adjustable coupling 100 for use with a bandpass filter in accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Coupling 100 may comprise a coupling element 104 which may have two ends 104a and 104b.
  • coupling element 104 may be in an S shape as illustrate in Figure 1.
  • coupling element 104 maybe in other shapes, for example spiral shape and so forth.
  • two ends 104a and 104b may have a substantially rounded shape, or have other shapes with a smooth contour to avoid arc discharge during operation of the filter.
  • Coupling 100 may further comprise an adjusting element 102 which may be connected with coupling element 104.
  • adjusting element 102 may be perpendicularly connected to coupling element 104 and may protrude in the direction away from coupling element 104.
  • adjusting element 102 may be connected at a center of coupling element 104 which means ends 104a and 104b may be symmetric relative to adjusting element 104.
  • 104a and 104b may be asymmetric relative to adjusting element 104.
  • adjusting element 102 may be a stub which means a coaxial electrical transmission line made of heat and electrical conductive material that may be the same as the material of coupling element 104, for example silver-plated aluminum or copper.
  • adjusting element 102 may be made of material that is different from the material of coupling element 104, the two elements may be covered by the same type of plating material.
  • Figure 2 is a sectional view of a bandpass filter 200 including two resonators 210 and 220. Input and output couplings and connections for feeding RF energy to and from the bandpass filter are not shown in Figures 2 to 5.
  • Each of resonators 210 and 220 may have a cavity and may respectively include a resonator rod 212 and 222 located in the respective cavity.
  • resonators 210 and 220 may be quarter wavelength transverse electrical magnetic (TEM-mode) resonators.
  • coupling element 104 may be configured to, for example capacitively, couple resonators 210 and 220 together. Specifically, two ends 104a and 104b of coupling element 104 may be positioned in the respective cavities of resonators 210 and 220. In one embodiment, adjusting element 102 may be positioned in a space between cavities of resonators 210 and 220, protruding in the direction away from coupling element 104 and towards for example top surface of the cavities.
  • adjusting element 102 may be in a cylinder shape and may have a diameter determined based on power level and/or on other electrical requirements of bandpass filter 200. In other embodiments, adjusting element 102 may be in other types of shapes. In one embodiment, length of adjusting element 102 may be determined based on wavelengths of signals allowed to pass through bandpass filter 200 so that little electrical interference may be introduced by adjusting element 102 to the operation of bandpass filter 200. Specifically, the length of adjusting element 102 may be within a range of a quarter wavelength of a center of the tuning range of bandpass filter 200 plus or minus approximately 25%.
  • an external handle (not shown) may be attached to adjusting element 102 to facilitate control of movement of adjusting element 102.
  • adjusting element 102 may have a cover for protection which is connected to electrical ground.
  • Figure 3 is a top view of bandpass filter 200.
  • adjusting element 102 may rotate in the space between the cavities of resonators 210 and 220, and therefore may drive coupling element 104 to rotate in the cavities, for example from position 1 to position 2.
  • Positions of coupling element 104 relative to the resonator rods of 210 and 220 may determine frequencies of signals allowed to pass through bandpass filter 200.
  • coupling element 104 may be rotated clockwise or anticlockwise, and the angle between potential position 1 and 2 may be at most 60 degrees.
  • adjusting element 102 may be heat conductive and may function as a thermal connection for example between coupling element 104 and body of the cavities. In this way, the heat may be conducted through adjusting element 102 out of resonators 210 and 220 to the filter body so that operational temperature of coupling element 104 may be kept at a relatively low level.
  • adjusting element may be made of metallic materials that may provide better connectivity with coupling element 102. In other embodiments, adjusting element may be made of other types of heat conductive materials.
  • Figure 4 is a 3D perspective view of filter 200 including resonators 210 and 220 as well as coupling 100 coupled in between. Cavities of resonators 210 and 220 may share a wall 202. In one embodiment, a window 204 may be made within wall 202 and adjusting element 102 may be positioned in window 204. In one embodiment, window 204 may have a rectangular shape. Adjusting element 102 may protrude in window 204 to the top plane of the cavities as illustrated in Figure 4. However, in another embodiment, adjusting element may protrude to a bottom plane of the cavities.
  • Figure 5 illustrates a bandpass filter which may include a plurality of, for example six resonators and the resonators may be cross-coupled with each other independent of sequence including cross-coupling.
  • the coupling in center of the figure may be adjustable coupling 100 in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure, other couplings presented in the bandpass filter may be conventional ones.

Abstract

The invention provides an adjustable coupling for use with a bandpass filter which comprises at least two resonators, wherein the coupling comprises a coupling element arranged in cavities of the resonators, configured to capacitively couple the resonators; and an adjusting element connected with the coupling element and protruding from a space between the cavities of the resonators, configured to enable both adjustment of the coupling element's position in the cavities from outside of the filter as well as heat transfer from a coupling element to the body of a filter. The present invention also provides a bandpass filter which comprises a plurality of resonators, wherein each of the resonators comprises a cavity, a resonator rod; and one or more couplings as stated above.

Description

ADJUSTABLE COUPLINGS FOR USE WITH A BANDPASS FILTER
Field of the Invention
The application generally relates to couplings between resonators of a bandpass filter and more particularly, to adjustable couplings for use with a bandpass filter.
Background of the Invention
High power bandpass filters are widely used in broadcast applications which require wide and accurate tunability of the filters. Also, for high power bandpass filters, the self-heating phenomenon can be excessive that may limit safe operation of the bandpass filter.
A traditional way to tune a bandpass filter is invasive tuning of the coupling between resonators, for example opening the bandpass filter to adjust the coupling. However, such kind of methods suffer from slow tuning speed and low tuning comfort, and may introduce high cost and great complexity.
Object and Summary of the Invention
Due to above stated issues, an adjustable bandpass filter is needed which enables easier tuning of selectivity and better dissipation of self generated heat.
In one embodiment of present disclosure, an adjustable coupling for use with a bandpass filter which comprises at least two resonators, comprises a coupling element, configured to couple the resonators; and an adjusting element with one end connected with the coupling element and another end rotatably connected to body of the bandpass filter, configured to enable adjustment of the coupling element's position from outside of the filter and heat conduction from the coupling element to the body of the bandpass filter.
Advantageously, said coupling element is configured to capacitively couple the resonators.
Advantageously, the adjusting element is configured to rotatably adjust the coupling's position.
Advantageously, the adjusting element has a length designed to eliminate impacts on operations of the coupling element.
Advantageously, the length of the adjusting element is substantially a quarter of a wavelength of a center of the filter's tuning range. Advantageously, the adjusting element has a substantially cylindrical shape with a diameter related to a power level of the filter.
Advantageously, the coupling element comprises at least two ends which have a substantially smooth contour.
In another embodiment of the present disclosure, a bandpass filter comprises a plurality of resonators, wherein each of the resonators comprises a cavity, a resonator rod; and a plurality of couplings, configured to establish coupling relationship among the plurality of resonators; wherein at least one of the couplings is an adjustable coupling which comprises: a coupling element arranged in respective cavities of at least two of the resonators, configured to couple the at least two resonators; and an adjusting element protruding from a space between the cavities of the at least two resonators and with one end of the adjusting element connected with the coupling element and another end of the adjusting element rotatably connected to body of the bandpass filter, configured to enable adjustment of the coupling element's position in the cavities from outside of the filter.
Advantageously, a length of the adjusting element is substantially a quarter of a wavelength of a center of the filter's tuning range.
Advantageously, said plurality of resonators are transverse electrical magnetic (TEM) resonators.
Advantageously, said plurality of resonators are coupled independent of sequence including cross-coupling.
Advantageously, the coupling element comprises at least two ends which have a substantially smooth contour. Advantageously, the adjusting element has a substantially cylindrical shape with a diameter related to a power level of the filter.
By using the coupling and bandpass filter in accordance to embodiments of the present disclosure, external adjustability of the coupling between resonators of the bandpass filter is enabled. The excessive amount of heat generated in the coupling element during operation of the filter is also conducted to the body of the filter due to existence of the adjusting element which is heat conductive in particular and connected to the body of the filter. Also by using metallic or metallic plated adjusting element, a better connectivity between the adjusting element and the coupling element is provided. All of these are realized without introducing extra components and are absent of critical RF contacts. Brief Description of the Drawings
The invention is explained in further detail, and by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings wherein:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an adjustable coupling for use with a bandpass filter in accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 (a) and (b) is a sectional view of a bandpass filter in accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the bandpass filter in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the bandpass filter in FIG. 2; and
FIG. 5 is a top view of a bandpass filter in accordance with another embodiment of the present disclosure.
Throughout the above drawings, like reference numerals will be understood to refer to like, similar or corresponding features or functions.
Detailed Description
The disclosed subject matter will now be described with reference to the attached figures. Various structures, systems and devices are schematically depicted in the drawings for purposes of explanation only and so as to not obscure the description with details that are well known to those skilled in the art. Nevertheless, the attached drawings are included to describe and explain illustrative examples of the disclosed subject matter. The words and phrases used herein should be understood and interpreted to have a meaning consistent with the understanding of those words and phrases by those skilled in the relevant art. No special definition of a term or phrase, i.e., a definition that is different from the ordinary and customary meaning as understood by those skilled in the art, is intended to be implied by consistent usage of the term or phrase herein. To the extent that a term or phrase is intended to have a special meaning, i.e., a meaning other than that understood by skilled artisans, such a special definition will be expressly set forth in the specification in a definitional manner that directly and unequivocally provides the special definition for the term or phrase.
Figure 1 is a perspective view of an adjustable coupling 100 for use with a bandpass filter in accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure. Coupling 100 may comprise a coupling element 104 which may have two ends 104a and 104b. In one embodiment, coupling element 104 may be in an S shape as illustrate in Figure 1. In other embodiments, coupling element 104 maybe in other shapes, for example spiral shape and so forth. In one embodiment, two ends 104a and 104b may have a substantially rounded shape, or have other shapes with a smooth contour to avoid arc discharge during operation of the filter.
Coupling 100 may further comprise an adjusting element 102 which may be connected with coupling element 104. In one embodiment, adjusting element 102 may be perpendicularly connected to coupling element 104 and may protrude in the direction away from coupling element 104. In one embodiment, adjusting element 102 may be connected at a center of coupling element 104 which means ends 104a and 104b may be symmetric relative to adjusting element 104. In other embodiments, 104a and 104b may be asymmetric relative to adjusting element 104. In one embodiment, adjusting element 102 may be a stub which means a coaxial electrical transmission line made of heat and electrical conductive material that may be the same as the material of coupling element 104, for example silver-plated aluminum or copper. In other embodiments, though adjusting element 102 may be made of material that is different from the material of coupling element 104, the two elements may be covered by the same type of plating material.
Figure 2 is a sectional view of a bandpass filter 200 including two resonators 210 and 220. Input and output couplings and connections for feeding RF energy to and from the bandpass filter are not shown in Figures 2 to 5.
Each of resonators 210 and 220 may have a cavity and may respectively include a resonator rod 212 and 222 located in the respective cavity. In one embodiment, resonators 210 and 220 may be quarter wavelength transverse electrical magnetic (TEM-mode) resonators.
As illustrated in Figure 2, coupling element 104 may be configured to, for example capacitively, couple resonators 210 and 220 together. Specifically, two ends 104a and 104b of coupling element 104 may be positioned in the respective cavities of resonators 210 and 220. In one embodiment, adjusting element 102 may be positioned in a space between cavities of resonators 210 and 220, protruding in the direction away from coupling element 104 and towards for example top surface of the cavities.
In one embodiment, adjusting element 102 may be in a cylinder shape and may have a diameter determined based on power level and/or on other electrical requirements of bandpass filter 200. In other embodiments, adjusting element 102 may be in other types of shapes. In one embodiment, length of adjusting element 102 may be determined based on wavelengths of signals allowed to pass through bandpass filter 200 so that little electrical interference may be introduced by adjusting element 102 to the operation of bandpass filter 200. Specifically, the length of adjusting element 102 may be within a range of a quarter wavelength of a center of the tuning range of bandpass filter 200 plus or minus approximately 25%.
In one embodiment, an external handle (not shown) may be attached to adjusting element 102 to facilitate control of movement of adjusting element 102. In another embodiment, adjusting element 102 may have a cover for protection which is connected to electrical ground.
Figure 3 is a top view of bandpass filter 200. In operation, adjusting element 102 may rotate in the space between the cavities of resonators 210 and 220, and therefore may drive coupling element 104 to rotate in the cavities, for example from position 1 to position 2. Positions of coupling element 104 relative to the resonator rods of 210 and 220 may determine frequencies of signals allowed to pass through bandpass filter 200.
In one embodiment, coupling element 104 may be rotated clockwise or anticlockwise, and the angle between potential position 1 and 2 may be at most 60 degrees. By moving to various positions relative to resonator rods of resonators 210 and 220, various tunings of bandpass filter 200 may be achieved for applications under different conditions.
Furthermore, great amount of heat may be generated in the coupling element 104 during operation that may cause reliability problems. In one embodiment, adjusting element 102 may be heat conductive and may function as a thermal connection for example between coupling element 104 and body of the cavities. In this way, the heat may be conducted through adjusting element 102 out of resonators 210 and 220 to the filter body so that operational temperature of coupling element 104 may be kept at a relatively low level. In one embodiment, adjusting element may be made of metallic materials that may provide better connectivity with coupling element 102. In other embodiments, adjusting element may be made of other types of heat conductive materials.
Figure 4 is a 3D perspective view of filter 200 including resonators 210 and 220 as well as coupling 100 coupled in between. Cavities of resonators 210 and 220 may share a wall 202. In one embodiment, a window 204 may be made within wall 202 and adjusting element 102 may be positioned in window 204. In one embodiment, window 204 may have a rectangular shape. Adjusting element 102 may protrude in window 204 to the top plane of the cavities as illustrated in Figure 4. However, in another embodiment, adjusting element may protrude to a bottom plane of the cavities.
Figure 5 illustrates a bandpass filter which may include a plurality of, for example six resonators and the resonators may be cross-coupled with each other independent of sequence including cross-coupling. As illustrate in Figure 5, the coupling in center of the figure may be adjustable coupling 100 in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure, other couplings presented in the bandpass filter may be conventional ones.
It should be noted that the above described embodiments are given for describing rather than limiting the invention, and it is to be understood that modifications and variations may be resorted to without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as those skilled in the art readily understand. Such modifications and variations are considered to be within the scope of the invention and the appended claims. The protection scope of the invention is defined by the accompanying claims. In addition, any of the reference numerals in the claims should not be interpreted as a limitation to the claims. Use of the verb "comprise" and its conjugations does not exclude the presence of elements or steps other than those stated in a claim. The indefinite article "a" or "an" preceding an element or step does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements or steps.

Claims

What is claimed is:
1. An adjustable coupling for use with a bandpass filter which comprises at least two resonators, comprising:
a coupling element, configured to couple the resonators; and
an adjusting element with one end connected with the coupling element and another end rotatably connected to body of the bandpass filter, configured to enable adjustment of the coupling element's position from outside of the filter and heat conduction from the coupling element to the body of the bandpass filter.
2. The adjustable coupling of claim 1, wherein the adjusting element is configured to rotatably adjust the coupling's position.
3. The adjustable coupling of claim 1 wherein the adjusting element has a length designed to eliminate impacts on operations of the coupling element.
4. The adjustable coupling of claim 1, wherein the length of the adjusting element is substantially a quarter of a wavelength of a center of the filter's tuning range.
5. The adjustable coupling of claim 1, wherein said coupling element is configured to capacitively couple the resonators.
6. The adjustable coupling of claim 1, wherein the adjusting element has a substantially cylindrical shape with a diameter related to a power level of the filter.
7. The adjustable coupling of claim 1, wherein the coupling element comprises at least two ends which have a substantially smooth contour.
8. A bandpass filter, comprising:
a plurality of resonators, wherein each of the resonators comprises a cavity, a resonator rod; and
a plurality of couplings, configured to establish coupling relationship among the plurality of resonators; wherein at least one of the couplings is an adjustable coupling which comprises:
a coupling element arranged in respective cavities of at least two of the resonators, configured to couple the at least two resonators; and
an adjusting element protruding from a space between the cavities of the at least two resonators and with one end connected with the coupling element and another end rotatably connected to the body of the bandpass filter, configured to enable adjustment of the coupling element's position in the cavities from outside of the filter and heat conduction from the coupling element to the body of the bandpass filter.
9. The bandpass filter of claim 8, wherein a length of the adjusting element is substantially a quarter of a wavelength of a center of the filter's tuning range.
10. The bandpass filter of claim 8, wherein said plurality of resonators are transverse electrical magnetic (TEM) resonators.
11. The bandpass filter of claim 8, wherein the coupling element comprises at least two ends which have a substantially smooth contour.
12. The bandpass filter of claim 8, wherein said plurality of resonators are coupled independent of sequence including cross-coupling.
13. The bandpass filter of claim 8, wherein the adjusting element has a substantially cylindrical shape with a diameter related to a power level of the filter.
PCT/CN2013/072817 2013-03-18 2013-03-18 Adjustable couplings for use with a bandpass filter WO2014146234A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201380074820.9A CN105190989B (en) 2013-03-18 2013-03-18 With adjustable coupler that bandpass filter is used together
PCT/CN2013/072817 WO2014146234A1 (en) 2013-03-18 2013-03-18 Adjustable couplings for use with a bandpass filter

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CN2013/072817 WO2014146234A1 (en) 2013-03-18 2013-03-18 Adjustable couplings for use with a bandpass filter

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2014146234A1 true WO2014146234A1 (en) 2014-09-25

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WO (1) WO2014146234A1 (en)

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JP2000091809A (en) * 1998-09-09 2000-03-31 Sony Tektronix Corp Cavity-type filter for high frequency
CN102630358A (en) * 2009-10-30 2012-08-08 阿尔卡特朗讯 Coupler for tuning resonant cavities
CN201838697U (en) * 2010-11-04 2011-05-18 宁波泰立电子科技有限公司 Rotary capacitive cross coupling cavity filter
CN202651323U (en) * 2012-05-08 2013-01-02 东莞鸿爱斯通信科技有限公司 Adjustable fly rod high frequency filter

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