WO2014135702A2 - Terminal de transfert de gaz naturel liquéfié et procédé correspondant - Google Patents

Terminal de transfert de gaz naturel liquéfié et procédé correspondant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014135702A2
WO2014135702A2 PCT/EP2014/054509 EP2014054509W WO2014135702A2 WO 2014135702 A2 WO2014135702 A2 WO 2014135702A2 EP 2014054509 W EP2014054509 W EP 2014054509W WO 2014135702 A2 WO2014135702 A2 WO 2014135702A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
lng
cooler
land tank
transfer terminal
land
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2014/054509
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2014135702A3 (fr
Inventor
Hartmut Walz
Original Assignee
Linde Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Linde Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Linde Aktiengesellschaft
Publication of WO2014135702A2 publication Critical patent/WO2014135702A2/fr
Publication of WO2014135702A3 publication Critical patent/WO2014135702A3/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C6/00—Methods and apparatus for filling vessels not under pressure with liquefied or solidified gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2225/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2225/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2225/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2225/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2225/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2225/0169—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL subcooled
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/03—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2225/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0337—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling
    • F17C2227/0341—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling using another fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
    • F17C2227/0388—Localisation of heat exchange separate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/03—Dealing with losses
    • F17C2260/031—Dealing with losses due to heat transfer
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
    • F17C2265/032—Treating the boil-off by recovery
    • F17C2265/033—Treating the boil-off by recovery with cooling
    • F17C2265/034—Treating the boil-off by recovery with cooling with condensing the gas phase
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
    • F17C2265/032—Treating the boil-off by recovery
    • F17C2265/033—Treating the boil-off by recovery with cooling
    • F17C2265/035—Treating the boil-off by recovery with cooling with subcooling the liquid phase
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/06—Fluid distribution
    • F17C2265/061—Fluid distribution for supply of supplying vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0134—Applications for fluid transport or storage placed above the ground
    • F17C2270/0136—Terminals

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the handling of liquefied natural gas (LNG) at LNG transfer terminals, in particular at LNG import/export terminals.
  • LNG liquefied natural gas
  • LNG is transported in large tanker ships and then supplied to smaller local land tanks.
  • the temperature and pressure of the LNG in the ship has a significant impact on the formation of gas in the land tank.
  • the pressure of the LNG on the ship should be lower than the pressure of the land tank. This can be difficult to achieve because the maximum pressure in the land tank is limited to the design pressure of the land tank. To provide a high maximum land tank pressure can add significant design and construction costs.
  • boil-off gas compressor gas that forms during transfer to the land tank can be sent to a boil-off gas compressor.
  • these compressors have a limited capacity and any excess gas is normally flared.
  • the amount of boil-off gas generated in the land tank during import from the ship is normally much higher than the amount being generated during storage periods when no import is taking place.
  • an object of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned problems during liquefied natural gas (LNG) handling at an LNG transfer terminal, in particular at an LNG import/export terminal.
  • LNG liquefied natural gas
  • the present invention thus provides improvements for liquefied natural gas (LNG) handling at an LNG transfer terminal, in particular at an LNG import/export terminal; more specifically, the present invention overcomes the problems of boil-off gas generation during transfer of LNG from at least one LNG supply source, in particular from at least one ship, for example from at least one ship tanker or from at least one tanker ship, to at least one land tank, without the need for a large capacity compressor.
  • the LNG may preferably be provided from the land tank to at least one delivery vehicle, in particular to at least one truck tanker or to at least one tanker truck.
  • At least one LNG pre-cooler comprising the features of claim 8 is installed at the transfer terminal, in particular between the LNG supply source and the land tank, to reduce the temperature of the LNG transferred from the at least one LNG supply source to the at least one land tank, in particular to cool the LNG down to a temperature that no flash gas is produced in the land tank.
  • the pre-cooler operates to cool the LNG
  • the liquid nitrogen from the pre-cooler may preferably be heated to ambient condition before being released to the atmosphere.
  • the need for a spare or back-up compressor is eliminated. This is because, in the event the main compressor fails, the LNG from the land tank continues to be sub-cooled by the pre-cooler and the sub-cooled LNG exiting from the land tank can then preferably be recycled to the land tank by means of at least one recycle line, in particular through the pre-cooler, and the recycled LNG can preferably be sprayed into the vapor phase to condense any LNG vapor in the land tank. Therefore there is no need for a back-up compressor.
  • the LNG transfer terminal includes at least one pre-cooler to reduce the temperature of exported LNG from at least one LNG supply source, in particular from at least one tanker ship, to at least one land tank, thereby reducing the required compressor capacity and eliminating the need for a back-up compressor.
  • the present invention further enables the reduction or the elimination of flaring during liquefied natural gas (LNG) handling at an LNG transfer terminal, in particular at an LNG import/export terminal.
  • LNG liquefied natural gas
  • the present invention finally relates to the use of at least one pre-cooler as described above in an LNG transfer terminal as described above, said LNG transfer terminal working according to the method as described above.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic layout for an LNG transfer terminal according to the present invention, said LNG transfer terminal comprising a pre-cooler according to the present invention and/or working according to the method of the present invention.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic layout for an LNG import/export terminal 100 according to the present invention, wherein a tanker ship or other large LNG supply source 10 transfers LNG to a land tank 20, through a pre-cooler 30.
  • the pre-cooler 30 can be installed at the LNG import/export terminal 100 between the LNG supply source 10 and the land tank 20.
  • the land tank 20 can provide LNG to smaller delivery vehicles 40, such as tanker trucks.
  • recycle line 50 which serves to recycle LNG exiting from the land tank 20, through the pre-cooler 30, to be sprayed back into the land tank 20. This recycle reduces the amount of boil-off gas that may form in the land tank 20, and eliminates the need for a back-up compressor as noted above.
  • LNG with the following composition is imported to a 30,000 m 3 atmosphere land tank.
  • the import rate is 1200 m 3 /h.
  • the vapor pressure in the ship tank is 1400 mbar(a) (-159°C).
  • the vapor pressure in the land tank is 1290 mbar(a). This would result in a gas flow rate from the land tank of approximately 10,000 kg/h.
  • Pre-cooling of the LNG to -160°C with liquid nitrogen reduces the vapor pressure by 200 mbar to 1200 mbar.
  • the gas flow from the land tank is reduced to 3216 kg/h. Therefore the required compressor capacity can be reduced to one third of what was required before pre-cooling.
  • the advantages of the present invention include prevention of methane flaring during transfer, in particular during import, of LNG from tanker ships to land tanks.
  • the present invention allows the reduction of compressor capacity at the transfer terminal and the elimination of the need for a back-up compressor.
  • the present invention allows for adjustments to be made at the transfer terminal so that alternative LNG sources at different temperatures can be used.
  • sub-cooling the LNG according to the present invention it is possible to suppress boil- off gas from the land tank, in the event transfer, in particular during export, from the LNG terminal is not possible. This is accomplished by sub-cooling the LNG boil-off gas from the land tank and recycling the sub-cooled LNG back to the land tank.
  • the LNG sub-cooling can be fully adjusted to provide different transfer temperatures, in particular export temperatures, according to the need of the different customers. It is anticipated that other embodiments and variations of the present invention will become readily apparent to the skilled artisan in the light of the foregoing description, and it is intended that such embodiments and variations likewise be included within the scope of the present invention as set out in the appended claims. List of reference numerals
  • LNG liquefied natural gas

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention vise à remédier aux problèmes de la manipulation que subissait le gaz naturel liquéfié (GNL) dans les terminaux de transfert de gaz naturel liquéfié précédents, en particulier dans les terminaux d'import/export de gaz naturel liquéfié précédents. A cet effet, la présente invention propose de réduire la température du gaz naturel liquéfié transféré à partir d'au moins une source d'alimentation en gaz naturel liquéfié (10) jusqu'à un réservoir à terre (20).
PCT/EP2014/054509 2013-03-08 2014-03-08 Terminal de transfert de gaz naturel liquéfié et procédé correspondant WO2014135702A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201361774803P 2013-03-08 2013-03-08
US61/774,803 2013-03-08

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2014135702A2 true WO2014135702A2 (fr) 2014-09-12
WO2014135702A3 WO2014135702A3 (fr) 2015-04-02

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2014/054509 WO2014135702A2 (fr) 2013-03-08 2014-03-08 Terminal de transfert de gaz naturel liquéfié et procédé correspondant

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2014135702A2 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2022209850A1 (fr) * 2021-03-29 2022-10-06 株式会社前川製作所 Dispositif de suppression et procédé de suppression

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH677397A5 (fr) * 1988-03-04 1991-05-15 Sulzer Ag
FR2681663B1 (fr) * 1991-09-20 1994-12-23 Air Liquide Ligne de transfert de fluide cryogenique.
US5415001A (en) * 1994-03-25 1995-05-16 Gas Research Institute Liquefied natural gas transfer
US7155918B1 (en) * 2003-07-10 2007-01-02 Atp Oil & Gas Corporation System for processing and transporting compressed natural gas
US8006724B2 (en) * 2006-12-20 2011-08-30 Chevron U.S.A. Inc. Apparatus for transferring a cryogenic fluid
KR20090125265A (ko) * 2007-03-02 2009-12-04 에너씨 트랜스포트 엘엘씨 압축 유체를 저장, 운반 및 취급하기 위한 장치 및 방법
FR2967484B1 (fr) * 2010-11-16 2012-11-16 Total Sa Procede et installation de transport de gaz naturel liquefie

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2022209850A1 (fr) * 2021-03-29 2022-10-06 株式会社前川製作所 Dispositif de suppression et procédé de suppression

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Publication number Publication date
WO2014135702A3 (fr) 2015-04-02

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