WO2014118907A1

WO2014118907A1 - Diagnostic system and diagnostic method for wind power generation device

Info

Publication number: WO2014118907A1
Application number: PCT/JP2013/051997
Authority: WO
Inventors: 友樹久保; 林　健太郎; 林　利和
Original assignee: 三菱重工業株式会社
Priority date: 2013-01-30
Filing date: 2013-01-30
Publication date: 2014-08-07

Abstract

A diagnostic system for a wind power generation device equipped with a main shaft capable of rotating at variable speeds together with the blades, said system being equipped with: one or more physical amount sensors for measuring a physical amount; a rotational speed sensor for measuring the rotational speed of the main shaft; and a diagnostic device configured so as to determine whether an error exists in the physical amount. The diagnostic device has: a determination standard setting unit configured so as to set a determination standard for performing the determination on the basis of the relationship between the rotational speed of the main shaft and the physical amount; and a determination unit configured so as to determine whether an error exists in the measured value of the physical amount, on the basis of a measured value for the physical amount as measured by the physical amount sensor, a measured value for the rotational speed of the main shaft as measured by the rotational speed sensor, and the determination standard set by the determination standard setting unit.

Description

Diagnostic system and diagnostic method for wind turbine generator

The present disclosure relates to a wind turbine generator diagnosis system and a control method thereof, and more particularly, to a wind turbine generator diagnosis system having a variable speed main shaft and a control method thereof.

From the viewpoint of conservation of the global environment, wind power generators that generate power using wind as a renewable energy are spreading. A wind turbine generator generally includes a nacelle supported by a tower, a main shaft rotatably supported by the nacelle, and wings attached to the main shaft. In the wind turbine generator, the wind force received by the blades is converted into the rotational force of the main shaft, and this rotational force is input to the generator via the speed increasing mechanism installed in the nacelle and converted into electric power.

In recent years, wind turbine generators have been increased in size, and a wind generator using a hydraulic transmission that can be reduced in weight compared to a mechanical planetary gear or the like has been developed as a speed increasing mechanism. The hydraulic transmission is configured by combining a hydraulic pump and a hydraulic motor.

Along with the widespread use of wind turbine generators, development of wind turbine generator diagnostic systems and diagnostic methods is also underway. A wind power generator is a rotating machine in which a main shaft rotates, and various types of diagnostic apparatuses for rotating machines are known.

For example, a rotating machine diagnostic device disclosed in Patent Document 1 is applied to a steam turbine generator, and extracts a cause of vibration using a vibration detector and a vibration causal matrix. Specifically, in the vibration causal matrix, the vibration cause items are arranged vertically, the dominant frequency items are arranged horizontally, and a score is assigned to each cell corresponding to the vertical and horizontal items (see Patent Document 1). (See FIG. 7). Based on the vibration signal detected by the vibration detector, the presence / absence of abnormal vibration at the dominant frequency is determined. Then, for each item of vibration cause in the vibration causal matrix, the points corresponding to the dominant frequency determined to have abnormal vibration are accumulated, and the item of vibration cause with the highest accumulated point is extracted as the cause of vibration. The

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-190443

In a steam turbine generator, the rotational speed of the turbine is substantially constant, and it is relatively easy to determine the presence or absence of abnormal vibration at the dominant frequency from the vibration signal measured by the vibration detector.
On the other hand, in the wind turbine generator, the rotation speed of the main shaft changes greatly according to the wind force. When the wind power generator has a speed increasing mechanism composed of a hydraulic machine, the rotational speed of the hydraulic machine also changes according to the wind force.

When the rotational speed of the rotating machine changes, the vibration state of the rotating machine or peripheral device changes even if there is no abnormality in the rotating machine or peripheral device. For this reason, when the rotational speed of the rotating machine changes, even if the amplitude at a certain dominant frequency increases, it is difficult to determine whether it is due to the occurrence of an abnormality, and the rotational speed is constant. Compared to the case, it is difficult to accurately determine the presence or absence of abnormal vibration at the dominant frequency. If the presence or absence of abnormal vibration at the dominant frequency cannot be accurately determined, the cause of vibration cannot be accurately extracted.

An object of at least one embodiment of the present invention is to provide a wind turbine generator diagnosis system and diagnostic method capable of accurately diagnosing the presence or absence of abnormality in a wind turbine generator having a variable speed main shaft.

A diagnostic system for a wind turbine generator according to at least one embodiment of the present invention,
A wind turbine generator diagnostic system comprising a spindle that can rotate at a variable speed together with a blade,
At least one physical quantity sensor for measuring a physical quantity;
A rotational speed sensor for measuring the rotational speed of the spindle;
A diagnostic device configured to determine the presence or absence of an abnormality in the physical quantity,
The diagnostic device comprises:
A determination criterion setting unit configured to set a determination criterion for performing the determination based on the relationship between the rotation speed of the spindle and the physical quantity;
Based on the measured value of the physical quantity measured by the physical quantity sensor, the measured value of the rotational speed of the spindle measured by the rotational speed sensor, and the determination criterion set by the determination criterion setting unit, And a determination unit configured to determine whether there is an abnormality in the measurement value.

When the rotation speed of the main shaft changes, some measured values of physical quantities change according to the rotation speed of the main shaft even if the wind turbine generator is in a normal state. For this reason, it is necessary to change the determination criteria for determining the presence / absence of abnormality between the measured values of some physical quantities before and after the change in rotational speed.
With regard to this point, in the wind turbine generator diagnostic system, the determination reference setting unit sets the determination reference based on the relationship between the rotation speed of the spindle and the physical quantity, so that the measured value of the physical quantity due to the change in the rotation speed of the spindle. Even if changes, the presence or absence of abnormality in the measured value of the physical quantity can be accurately determined. As a result, it is possible to accurately diagnose whether there is an abnormality in the wind turbine generator.

In some embodiments, the physical quantity sensor includes a vibration sensor;
The diagnostic device further includes a filter unit for extracting a plurality of frequency components from the vibration measurement value measured by the vibration sensor,
The determination criterion setting unit is configured to set the determination criterion for at least one frequency component of the plurality of frequency components;
The determination unit is configured to determine whether there is an abnormality in the at least one frequency component based on an amplitude of the at least one frequency component as a measured value of the physical quantity.

In this configuration, by extracting a plurality of frequency components, it is possible to accurately determine the presence or absence of abnormality for each frequency component. As a result, the presence or absence of abnormality in the wind turbine generator can be diagnosed more accurately.

In some embodiments, the determination criterion setting unit is configured to set, in the determination criterion, a threshold value that increases stepwise as the rotational speed of the spindle increases.

Some frequency components of vibration increase in amplitude as the rotational speed of the spindle increases even when the wind turbine generator is in a normal state. In this configuration, in this configuration, by setting a threshold value that increases stepwise as the rotation speed of the main spindle increases, it is possible to avoid a normal increase in amplitude accompanying an increase in rotation speed from being determined as abnormal. It is possible to accurately determine whether there is an abnormality in the frequency component.

In some embodiments, the determination criterion setting unit indicates the dependency of the amplitude of the at least one frequency component on the rotation speed of the main shaft when the wind turbine generator is in a normal state. Set the reference data,
The determination unit includes an abnormality in the at least one frequency component based on a plurality of measured values of the rotational speed of the spindle, a plurality of amplitudes of the at least one frequency component as measured values of the physical quantity, and the reference data. It is comprised so that the presence or absence of may be determined.

Some vibration frequency components change in amplitude with changes in the rotational speed of the spindle even when the wind turbine generator is in a normal state. In this configuration, in this configuration, reference data indicating the dependency of the amplitude on the rotation speed when the wind turbine generator is in a normal state is set as a determination criterion, and the frequency component is determined by determining the correlation with the reference data. It is possible to accurately determine whether or not there is an abnormality.

In some embodiments, the determination unit determines whether there is an abnormality in the at least one frequency component based on a trend of the at least one frequency component extracted from a measurement value of vibration repeatedly measured by the vibration sensor. Is further determined.

There are some frequency components of vibration that can be confirmed by measuring over a long period of time, even if the amplitude changes according to the rotational speed. In this configuration, it is possible to discover an abnormality without omission by further determining the presence or absence of an abnormality based on the trend of frequency components.

In some embodiments, the wind turbine generator further comprises a hydraulic machine,
The hydraulic machine is
A rotating shaft rotatable with the main shaft;
A cylinder,
A piston that forms a working chamber with the cylinder;
A conversion mechanism for performing conversion between the rotational movement of the rotary shaft and the reciprocating movement of the piston;
The physical quantity sensor includes a pressure sensor for measuring the pressure of the working chamber,
The diagnostic device comprises:
An integration unit for calculating an integral value by integrating a measured value of the pressure of the working chamber measured by the pressure sensor in correspondence with a cycle of the reciprocating motion of the piston;
The determination unit is configured to determine whether there is an abnormality in the integral value based on the integral value calculated by the integral unit as the measured value of the physical quantity.

In a hydraulic machine, the cycle in which the pressure in the working chamber changes corresponds to the rotational speed of the main shaft, and the period during which the pressure in the working chamber increases (high pressure period) changes in accordance with the rotational speed of the main shaft. In this configuration, the length of the high pressure period is obtained as an integral value obtained by integrating the measured value of the pressure in the working chamber corresponding to the cycle of the reciprocating motion of the piston. Then, by comparing the obtained integral value with the criterion set based on the rotational speed, it is possible to accurately determine whether there is an abnormality in the length of the high-pressure period without being affected by changes in the rotational speed of the spindle. Can be determined.

A diagnostic method for a wind turbine generator according to at least one embodiment of the present invention includes:
A method for diagnosing a wind turbine generator having a spindle that can rotate at a variable speed together with a blade,
A physical quantity measurement process for measuring physical quantities;
A rotational speed measuring step for measuring the rotational speed of the spindle;
A diagnostic step of determining the presence or absence of an abnormality in the physical quantity,
The diagnostic step includes
A determination criterion setting step for setting a determination criterion for performing the determination based on the relationship between the rotation speed of the spindle and the physical quantity;
Based on the measured value of the physical quantity measured in the physical quantity measuring step, the measured value of the rotational speed of the spindle measured in the rotational speed measuring step, and the criterion set in the criterion setting step And a determination step of determining whether there is an abnormality in the measured value of the physical quantity.

In the wind turbine generator diagnosis method, in the determination reference setting step, the determination value is set based on the relationship between the rotation speed of the spindle and the physical quantity, so that the measured value of the physical quantity changes due to the change in the rotation speed of the spindle. However, the presence or absence of an abnormality in the measured value of the physical quantity can be accurately determined. As a result, it is possible to accurately diagnose whether there is an abnormality in the wind turbine generator.

In some embodiments, vibration is measured in the physical quantity measurement step,
The diagnostic step further includes a filtering step for extracting a plurality of frequency components from the vibration measurement values measured in the physical quantity measurement step,
In the determination criterion setting step, the determination criterion is set for at least one frequency component of the plurality of frequency components,
In the determination step, the presence / absence of an abnormality in the at least one frequency component is determined based on an amplitude of the at least one frequency component as a measured value of the physical quantity.

In some embodiments, in the determination criterion setting step, a threshold value that increases stepwise as the rotational speed of the spindle increases is set in the determination criterion.

In this configuration, by setting a threshold value that increases stepwise as the rotational speed of the spindle increases, it is possible to avoid a normal increase in amplitude accompanying an increase in rotational speed from being determined as abnormal, and a frequency component It is possible to accurately determine whether there is any abnormality.

In some embodiments, in the determination criterion setting step, the determination criterion includes a dependency of an amplitude of the at least one frequency component on a rotation speed of the main shaft when the wind turbine generator is in a normal state. Set the reference data
In the determination step, a plurality of measured values of the rotation speed of the spindle, a plurality of amplitudes of the at least one frequency component as measured values of the physical quantity, and the at least one frequency component based on the reference data Determine if there is an abnormality.

In this configuration, whether or not there is an abnormality in the frequency component is determined by setting reference data indicating the dependency of the amplitude on the rotation speed when the wind turbine generator is in a normal state as a determination reference and determining a correlation with the reference data. Can be accurately determined.

In some embodiments, in the determination step, an abnormality in the at least one frequency component is determined based on a trend of the at least one frequency component extracted from a vibration measurement value repeatedly measured by the vibration sensor. The presence or absence is further determined.

In this configuration, it is possible to detect an abnormality without omission by further determining the presence or absence of an abnormality based on the trend of frequency components.

In some embodiments, the wind turbine generator further comprises a hydraulic machine,
The hydraulic machine is
A rotating shaft rotatable with the main shaft;
A cylinder,
A piston that forms a working chamber with the cylinder;
A conversion mechanism for converting between the rotational movement of the rotating shaft and the reciprocating movement of the piston, and measuring the pressure of the working chamber in the physical quantity measurement step,
The diagnosis step further includes an integration step for calculating an integral value by integrating the measured value of the pressure in the working chamber measured in the physical quantity measurement step in correspondence with the reciprocating motion cycle of the piston. ,
In the determination step, the presence / absence of abnormality in the integration value is determined according to a comparison result between the integration value calculated in the integration step and the determination criterion set in the determination criterion setting step.

In this configuration, the length of the period in which the pressure in the working chamber is high (high pressure period) is obtained as an integral value obtained by integrating the measured value of the pressure in the working chamber corresponding to the cycle of the reciprocating motion of the piston. Then, by comparing the obtained integral value with the criterion set based on the rotational speed, it is possible to accurately determine whether there is an abnormality in the length of the high-pressure period without being affected by changes in the rotational speed of the spindle. Can be judged

According to at least one embodiment of the present invention, a wind turbine generator diagnosis system and diagnosis method capable of accurately diagnosing the presence or absence of abnormality in a wind turbine generator having a variable speed spindle are provided.

It is a side view which shows roughly the structure of the wind power generator to which the diagnosis system of the air flow generator according to some embodiments of the present invention is applied. It is a figure for demonstrating the structure of the diagnostic system in FIG. It is a schematic flowchart for demonstrating the procedure of the diagnostic method which the diagnostic system of FIG. 2 performs. It is a schematic flowchart for demonstrating the procedure of the diagnostic process in FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the structure of the diagnostic system which concerns on some embodiment. It is a figure which shows roughly the power spectrum obtained by the filter part in FIG. It is a schematic flowchart for demonstrating the procedure of the diagnostic process which the diagnostic system of FIG. 5 performs. It is a figure which shows roughly the threshold value as a criterion set by the criterion setting unit in FIG. 5 together with abnormal data and normal data. FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically showing reference data as a criterion set by a criterion setting unit in FIG. 5 together with normal diagnosis target data. FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically showing reference data as a determination criterion set by a determination criterion setting unit in FIG. 5 together with abnormal diagnosis target data. It is a figure which shows roughly the time change of the vibration speed of one vibration component. It is a figure which shows roughly the time change of the vibration speed of another vibration component. Furthermore, it is a figure which shows roughly the time change of the vibration speed of another vibration component. FIG. 2 is a transverse sectional view schematically showing the configuration of the hydraulic pump in FIG. 1. It is a figure for demonstrating the structure of the diagnostic system which concerns on some embodiment. It is a schematic flowchart for demonstrating the procedure of the diagnostic process which the diagnostic system of FIG. 15 performs. It is a figure which shows roughly the time change and integral value of the pressure of a working chamber. It is a figure for demonstrating the structure of the diagnostic system which concerns on some embodiment. It is a figure which shows a part of example of a vibration causal matrix as a causal matrix in FIG.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, and the like of the components described in the embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, but are merely illustrative examples.

FIG. 1 is a side view schematically showing a configuration of a wind turbine generator to which a wind turbine generator diagnosis system (hereinafter also simply referred to as a diagnostic system) according to some embodiments of the present invention is applied.
The wind turbine generator may be installed on the ground or installed on the ocean. The wind power generator has a variable speed main shaft 10.
The diagnostic system includes at least one physical quantity sensor 12 for measuring a physical quantity, a rotational speed sensor 14 for measuring the rotational speed of the spindle 10, and a diagnostic device 16 configured to determine whether there is an abnormality in the physical quantity. With.

FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a schematic configuration of the diagnostic system. The diagnostic device 16 sets a determination criterion for performing a determination based on the relationship between the rotation speed of the spindle 10 and a physical quantity. And the measurement value of the physical quantity measured by the physical quantity sensor 12, the measurement value of the rotational speed of the spindle 10 measured by the rotational speed sensor 14, and the determination standard setting part 18. And a determination unit 20 configured to determine whether there is an abnormality in the measured value of the physical quantity based on the determination criterion.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, the diagnostic method executed by the diagnostic system includes a physical quantity measuring step S10 for measuring the physical quantity, a rotational speed measuring step S20 for measuring the rotational speed of the spindle 10, and whether there is an abnormality in the physical quantity. And a diagnostic step S30 for determining the above.
Then, as shown in FIG. 4, the diagnosis step S30 includes a determination criterion setting step S300 for setting a determination criterion for performing determination based on the relationship between the rotation speed of the spindle 10 and the physical quantity, and a physical quantity measurement step S10. Measurement of the physical quantity based on the measured value of the physical quantity measured in Step 1, the measured value of the rotational speed of the spindle 10 measured in the rotational speed measurement process S20, and the determination criterion set in the determination criterion setting process S300. Determination step S310 for determining whether there is an abnormality in the value.

When the rotational speed of the main shaft 10 changes, some measured values of physical quantities change according to the rotational speed of the main shaft 10 even if the wind turbine generator is in a normal state. For this reason, it is necessary to change the determination criteria for determining the presence / absence of abnormality between the measured values of some physical quantities before and after the change in rotational speed.
In this regard, in the wind turbine generator diagnosis system, the determination criterion setting unit 18 sets the determination criterion based on the relationship between the rotational speed of the main shaft 10 and the physical quantity, so that the physical quantity is changed by the change in the rotational speed of the main spindle 10. Even if the measurement value changes, it is possible to accurately determine whether there is an abnormality in the measurement value of the physical quantity. As a result, it is possible to accurately diagnose whether there is an abnormality in the wind turbine generator.
Note that setting the criterion includes selecting the criterion based on the relationship between the rotational speed of the spindle 10 and the physical quantity from one or more previously registered criterion.

FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a schematic configuration of a diagnostic system according to some embodiments. The physical quantity sensor 12 includes a vibration sensor 12 A, and the diagnostic device 16 further includes a filter unit 22.
The filter unit 22 can extract a plurality of frequency components from the vibration measurement values measured by the vibration sensor 12A. For example, the filter unit 22 performs a Fourier transform on the measurement value of vibration, and obtains a power spectrum indicating the relationship between frequency and amplitude as shown in FIG. Then, the filter unit 22 extracts the amplitudes of frequency components (bands) ω0, ω1, and ω2 to be diagnosed in the power spectrum.

The determination criterion setting unit 18 sets a determination criterion for at least one frequency component among the plurality of frequency components ω0, ω1, and ω2.
And the determination part 20 is comprised so that the presence or absence of abnormality in at least 1 frequency component may be determined based on the amplitude of at least 1 frequency component as a measured value of physical quantity.
In some embodiments, the amplitude of the frequency component is the effective value or maximum value of the vibration velocity.
In some embodiments, the amplitude of the frequency component is the effective value or maximum value of the displacement or acceleration.

In the diagnostic method executed by the diagnostic system having this configuration, the vibration is measured in the physical quantity measurement step S10, and the diagnostic step S30 is based on the vibration measurement values measured in the physical quantity measurement step S10 as shown in FIG. And a filtering step S320 for extracting a plurality of frequency components. In the determination criterion setting step S300, a determination criterion is set for at least one frequency component among the plurality of frequency components, and a determination step S310. Then, based on the amplitude of at least one frequency component as a measured value of the physical quantity, it is determined whether there is an abnormality in at least one frequency component.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1, the wind turbine generator includes a tower 30, a nacelle 32 supported by the tower 30, and a main bearing 34 that is disposed by the nacelle 32 and rotatably supports the main shaft 10. And at least one blade 36 connected to the main shaft 10 and rotatable together with the main shaft 10, a speed increasing mechanism 39 for transmitting the rotational force of the main shaft 10 to the generator 38, and a pitch drive for adjusting the pitch angle of the blade 36. A mechanism 40 and a yaw drive mechanism 42 that adjusts the yaw angle of the nacelle 32 are provided.

The vibration sensor 12A is attached to one or more diagnosis targets among the main shaft 10, the main bearing 34, the tower 30, the nacelle 32, the generator 38, the speed increasing mechanism 39, the pitch driving mechanism 40, and the yaw driving mechanism 42.

The diagnostic device 16 is constituted by, for example, a computer including a central processing unit (CPU), a memory, an external storage device, and an input / output device, and implements a predetermined function by executing a program stored in the external storage device. Is possible. The diagnostic device 16 can be arranged in the nacelle 32 as illustrated in FIG. 1, or can be arranged in the tower 30.

In some embodiments, the diagnostic device 16 is installed outside the wind turbine generator. For example, the diagnostic device 16 is installed in a central control room that monitors or controls the operation of the wind turbine generator. In this case, the diagnostic system includes a communication device, and the measurement results of the physical quantity sensor 12 and the rotation speed sensor 14 are transmitted to the diagnostic device 16 by the communication device.

In some embodiments, as illustrated in FIG. 8, the determination criterion setting unit 18 is configured to set a threshold value that increases stepwise as the rotational speed of the main shaft 10 increases, as illustrated in FIG. 8. .

Some frequency components of vibration increase in amplitude as the rotational speed of the main shaft 10 increases even when the wind turbine generator is in a normal state. In this configuration, in this configuration, by setting a threshold value that increases stepwise as the rotational speed of the main spindle 10 increases, it is possible to avoid a normal increase in amplitude accompanying an increase in the rotational speed from being determined as abnormal. It is possible to accurately determine whether there is an abnormality in the frequency component.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 9 or FIG. 10, the determination criterion setting unit 18 uses at least one frequency relative to the rotational speed of the main shaft 10 when the wind turbine generator is in a normal state as the determination criterion. Reference data indicating the dependency of the component amplitude is set. Then, the determination unit 20 determines whether there is an abnormality in at least one frequency component based on the measured values of the rotational speeds of the plurality of spindles 10, the plurality of amplitudes of at least one frequency component as the measured value of the physical quantity, and the reference data. Is configured to determine.

Some vibration frequency components change in amplitude as the rotational speed of the spindle 10 changes even when the wind turbine generator is in a normal state. In this configuration, in this configuration, the reference data indicating the dependency of the amplitude on the rotation speed when the wind turbine generator is in a normal state is set as a determination criterion, and the correlation between the reference data and the diagnosis target data is determined. Thus, it is possible to accurately determine whether there is an abnormality in the frequency component. The diagnosis target data includes a plurality of rotational speed measurement values and a plurality of frequency component amplitudes corresponding to the plurality of rotational speed measurement values.

For example, FIG. 9 shows diagnosis target data indicating reference values and effective values of a plurality of vibration speeds at a plurality of rotation speeds in the frequency component ω0. In the case of FIG. 9, the correlation between the diagnosis target data and the reference data is strong, and it is determined that the diagnosis target data is normal.
On the other hand, FIG. 10 shows diagnosis target data composed of effective values of a plurality of vibration speeds at a plurality of rotation speeds and reference data in the frequency component ω2. In the case of FIG. 10, the correlation between the diagnosis target data and the reference data is weak, and it is determined that the diagnosis target data is abnormal.

In some embodiments, the determination unit 20 detects an abnormality in at least one frequency component based on a trend of at least one frequency component extracted from a vibration measurement value (time history) repeatedly measured by the vibration sensor 12A. It is comprised so that the presence or absence of may be further determined.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 11, 12, and 13, vibration is periodically measured by the vibration sensor 12A, and the determination unit 20 is vibration that is periodically and repeatedly measured by the vibration sensor 12A. On the basis of the trend of at least one frequency component extracted from the measured value, it is configured to further determine whether or not there is an abnormality in at least one frequency component.

In the wind power generator, the rotation speed of the main shaft 10 varies depending on the time, but may be substantially the same at the same time. For example, in a location where winds are weak throughout the year and winds are strong in the evening, if the wind turbine generator is in a normal state, the rotational speed of the spindle 10 is slow during the day and the rotational speed of the spindle 10 in the evening. Will be faster. For this reason, by measuring vibration periodically and setting a determination standard corresponding to the trend of the frequency component, the influence of the change in the rotational speed of the spindle 10 is avoided as much as possible, and an abnormality in the frequency component is detected. Presence / absence can be determined accurately.

For example, FIG. 11 shows the time dependence of the periodically obtained vibration speed in the frequency component ω0, and FIG. 12 shows the time dependence of the periodically obtained vibration speed in the frequency component ω1. FIG. 13 shows the time dependence of the periodically calculated vibration velocity in the frequency component ω2. As shown in FIG. 13, in the frequency component ω 2, the trend of the vibration speed changes at a certain date and time, and it can be seen that an abnormality has occurred in the frequency component ω 2.

In some embodiments, a plurality of amplitudes (time series) of frequency components can be extracted at regular intervals from the time history of the amplitudes of the frequency components repeatedly acquired, and the trend of the amplitudes of the frequency components can be obtained.
In some embodiments, the amplitude trend is an average value of a plurality of amplitudes, for example, determining that an abnormality has occurred when the amplitude has changed by more than three times the standard deviation of the amplitude. it can.

In some embodiments, the wind turbine generator comprises a hydraulic machine. The hydraulic machine is, for example, a hydraulic pump 44 or a hydraulic motor 46 constituting the speed increasing mechanism 39 as shown in FIG. The hydraulic pump 44 is driven by the main shaft 10, sucks and compresses low-pressure hydraulic oil, and discharges high-pressure hydraulic oil. The hydraulic motor 46 is driven by the high-pressure hydraulic oil discharged from the hydraulic pump 44 and drives the generator 38.

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the configuration of the hydraulic pump 44. The hydraulic pump 44 is connected to the main shaft 10 and is rotatable with the main shaft 10, a cylinder 48, a piston 50 that forms an operation chamber 52 together with the cylinder 48, a rotational movement of the rotary shaft 60, and a reciprocation of the piston 50. A conversion mechanism for performing conversion between movements. The volume of the working chamber 52 changes with the rotational movement of the main shaft 10.
The physical quantity sensor 12 includes a pressure sensor 12B for measuring the pressure in the working chamber 52, and the diagnostic device 16 further includes an integrating unit 54 as shown in FIG.

The integrating unit 54 integrates the measured value of the pressure in the working chamber 52 measured by the pressure sensor 12 B in accordance with the cycle of the reciprocating motion of the piston 50 to calculate an integrated value. The determination unit 20 is configured to determine whether there is an abnormality in the integral value based on the integral value calculated by the integral unit 54 as a measured value of the physical quantity.
In some embodiments, the integrating unit 54 is formed by an integrating circuit including an RC circuit having a resistor and a capacitor.
In some embodiments, the integrating unit 54 is formed by an integrating circuit including an operational amplifier.

In the diagnostic method executed by the diagnostic system having the above configuration, the pressure in the working chamber 52 is measured in the physical quantity measuring step S10, and the diagnostic step S30 is the operation measured in the physical quantity measuring step S10 as shown in FIG. It further has an integration step S330 for calculating the integral value by integrating the measured value of the pressure in the chamber 52 corresponding to the cycle of the reciprocating motion of the piston 50. In the determination step S310, the integration value is calculated by the integration step S330. The presence / absence of abnormality in the integrated value is determined according to the comparison result between the integrated value and the determination criterion set in the determination criterion setting step.

In the hydraulic pump 44 which is a hydraulic machine, the cycle in which the pressure in the working chamber 52 changes corresponds to the rotational speed of the main shaft 10, and the period during which the pressure in the working chamber 52 is high (high pressure period) is It changes according to the rotation speed. In this configuration, the length of the high pressure period is obtained as an integral value obtained by integrating the measured value of the pressure in the working chamber 52 corresponding to the cycle of the reciprocating motion of the piston 50. Then, by comparing the obtained integrated value with a criterion set based on the rotational speed, it is possible to determine whether there is an abnormality in the length of the high-pressure period without being affected by a change in the rotational speed of the main shaft 10. It can be judged accurately.

For example, FIG. 17 schematically shows the temporal change and integral value of the pressure in the working chamber 52 for one normal case (upper stage) and two abnormal cases (middle stage and lower stage).
In the normal case, as shown in the upper part of FIG. 17, the lengths of the high pressure period and the low pressure period are equal. When an abnormality occurs, the high-pressure period becomes longer than the low-pressure period as shown in the middle part of FIG. 17, or the high-pressure period becomes shorter than the low-pressure period as shown in the lower part of FIG.

In some embodiments, the hydraulic pump 44 includes an oil supply valve 56 that controls supply of hydraulic oil to the working chamber 52 and an oil discharge valve 58 that controls discharge of hydraulic oil from the working chamber 52. When the high pressure period becomes longer or shorter than the low pressure period, it is considered that one of the causes is malfunction of the oil supply valve 56 and the oil discharge valve 58.

In some embodiments, the oil supply valve and the oil discharge valve of the hydraulic motor 46 are solenoid solenoid valves. The oil supply valve of the hydraulic pump 44 is a solenoid solenoid valve, while the oil discharge valve 58 is a check valve or a solenoid solenoid valve.

In some embodiments, the plurality of working chambers 52 of the hydraulic pump 44 are annularly arranged around the rotation axis 60. As shown in FIG. 14, the conversion mechanism includes a ring cam 62 that is coaxially fixed to the rotation shaft 60, and a roller 64 that is attached to the end of the piston 50 and that is in sliding contact with the ring cam 62.
In some embodiments, the conversion mechanism includes a crankpin and a connecting rod.
In some embodiments, the conversion mechanism includes an eccentric cam and a connecting rod.
When the high pressure period becomes longer or shorter than the low pressure period, it is considered that one of the causes is a malfunction of the conversion mechanism.

In some embodiments, the diagnosis system includes a warning unit including a speaker, a lamp, and the like, and when an abnormality is detected in the measured value of the physical quantity, an alarm such as a warning sound or a warning display corresponding to the abnormality may be issued. it can.
In some embodiments, when an abnormality in the measured value of the physical quantity is detected, failure diagnosis of the wind turbine generator is started using the causal matrix.
For this purpose, the diagnostic system stores a preset causal matrix 66 as shown in FIG.
FIG. 19 shows a part of an example of the vibration causal matrix 66 A as the causal matrix 66. In the vibration causal matrix 66A, the vibration cause items are arranged vertically, the frequency component items are arranged horizontally, and a score is assigned to each cell corresponding to the vertical and horizontal items.

In the failure diagnosis using the vibration causal matrix 66A, the points corresponding to the frequency components determined to have abnormal vibration are integrated for each item of the cause of vibration in the vibration causal matrix 66A, and the integrated score is the highest. The item of the cause of vibration is extracted as the cause of vibration.
In this configuration, since the presence / absence of abnormality of the amplitude of each frequency component is accurately determined, the cause of vibration (cause of failure) can be accurately determined by the vibration causal matrix 66A. The diagnostic system can issue a warning such as a warning sound or a warning display corresponding to the determination result.

In some embodiments, if the diagnostic system detects an anomaly in the physical quantity measurement, FT (Fault)
Tree) Fault diagnosis of the wind turbine generator is started using the diagram. Also in the case of using the FT diagram, the presence / absence of abnormality of the amplitude of each frequency component is accurately determined, so that the cause of vibration can be accurately determined.

As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described in detail, this invention is not limited to these embodiment, You may combine embodiment suitably, In the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention, various improvement and deformation | transformation are carried out. It goes without saying that you can go.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Rotating shaft 12 Physical quantity sensor

12A Vibration sensor

12B Pressure sensor 14 Rotational speed sensor 16 Diagnosis apparatus 18 Judgment reference setting part 20 Judgment part 22 Filter part 38 Generator 39 Speed increasing mechanism 44 Hydraulic pump 46 Hydraulic motor 48 Cylinder 50 Piston 52 Working chamber 54 Integration part 60 Rotating shaft

Claims

A wind turbine generator diagnostic system comprising a spindle that can rotate at a variable speed together with a blade,
At least one physical quantity sensor for measuring a physical quantity;
A rotational speed sensor for measuring the rotational speed of the spindle;
A diagnostic device configured to determine the presence or absence of an abnormality in the physical quantity,
The diagnostic device comprises:
A determination criterion setting unit configured to set a determination criterion for performing the determination based on the relationship between the rotation speed of the spindle and the physical quantity;
Based on the measured value of the physical quantity measured by the physical quantity sensor, the measured value of the rotational speed of the spindle measured by the rotational speed sensor, and the determination criterion set by the determination criterion setting unit, And a determination unit configured to determine whether or not there is an abnormality in the measurement value.
The physical quantity sensor includes a vibration sensor,
The diagnostic device further includes a filter unit for extracting a plurality of frequency components from the vibration measurement value measured by the vibration sensor,
The determination criterion setting unit is configured to set the determination criterion for at least one frequency component of the plurality of frequency components;
The determination unit is configured to determine whether or not there is an abnormality in the at least one frequency component based on an amplitude of the at least one frequency component as a measurement value of the physical quantity. The wind turbine generator diagnostic system described in 1.
3. The wind turbine generator according to claim 2, wherein the determination reference setting unit is configured to set, in the determination reference, a threshold value that increases stepwise as the rotational speed of the main shaft increases. 4. Diagnostic system.
The determination criterion setting unit sets, in the determination criterion, reference data indicating the dependency of the amplitude of the at least one frequency component on the rotational speed of the main shaft when the wind turbine generator is in a normal state,
The determination unit includes an abnormality in the at least one frequency component based on a plurality of measured values of the rotational speed of the spindle, a plurality of amplitudes of the at least one frequency component as measured values of the physical quantity, and the reference data. The wind turbine generator diagnosis system according to claim 2, wherein the wind power generator diagnosis system is configured to determine the presence or absence of a wind turbine.
The determination unit is configured to further determine presence / absence of an abnormality in the at least one frequency component based on a trend of the at least one frequency component extracted from a vibration measurement value repeatedly measured by the vibration sensor. The wind turbine generator diagnosis system according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the wind turbine generator diagnosis system is provided.
The wind power generator further comprises a hydraulic machine,
The hydraulic machine is
A rotating shaft rotatable with the main shaft;
A cylinder,
A piston that forms a working chamber with the cylinder;
A conversion mechanism for performing conversion between the rotational movement of the rotary shaft and the reciprocating movement of the piston;
The physical quantity sensor includes a pressure sensor for measuring the pressure of the working chamber,
The diagnostic device comprises:
An integration unit for calculating an integral value by integrating a measured value of the pressure of the working chamber measured by the pressure sensor in correspondence with a cycle of the reciprocating motion of the piston;
The said determination part is comprised so that the presence or absence of abnormality in the said integral value may be determined based on the integral value calculated by the said integral part as a measured value of the said physical quantity. Wind turbine generator diagnostic system.
A method for diagnosing a wind turbine generator having a spindle that can rotate at a variable speed together with a blade,
A physical quantity measurement process for measuring physical quantities;
A rotational speed measuring step for measuring the rotational speed of the spindle;
A diagnostic step of determining the presence or absence of an abnormality in the physical quantity,
The diagnostic step includes
A determination criterion setting step for setting a determination criterion for performing the determination based on the relationship between the rotation speed of the spindle and the physical quantity;
Based on the measured value of the physical quantity measured in the physical quantity measuring step, the measured value of the rotational speed of the spindle measured in the rotational speed measuring step, and the criterion set in the criterion setting step And a determination step of determining whether there is an abnormality in the measured value of the physical quantity.
Measure vibration in the physical quantity measurement step,
The diagnostic step further includes a filtering step for extracting a plurality of frequency components from the vibration measurement values measured in the physical quantity measurement step,
In the determination criterion setting step, the determination criterion is set for at least one frequency component of the plurality of frequency components,
8. The wind power generation according to claim 7, wherein in the determination step, it is determined whether there is an abnormality in the at least one frequency component based on an amplitude of the at least one frequency component as a measurement value of the physical quantity. Device diagnostic method.
9. The wind turbine generator diagnosis system according to claim 8, wherein, in the determination criterion setting step, a threshold value that increases stepwise as the rotational speed of the main shaft increases is set in the determination criterion.
In the determination criterion setting step, the reference data indicating the dependency of the amplitude of the at least one frequency component on the rotation speed of the main shaft when the wind turbine generator is in a normal state is set in the determination criterion;
In the determination step, a plurality of measured values of the rotation speed of the spindle, a plurality of amplitudes of the at least one frequency component as measured values of the physical quantity, and the at least one frequency component based on the reference data The method for diagnosing a wind turbine generator according to claim 8, wherein presence / absence of abnormality is determined.
In the determination step, further determining whether or not there is an abnormality in the at least one frequency component based on a trend of the at least one frequency component extracted from a vibration measurement value repeatedly measured by the vibration sensor. The method for diagnosing a wind turbine generator according to any one of claims 8 to 10, wherein the method is a diagnostic method.
The wind power generator further comprises a hydraulic machine,
The hydraulic machine is
A rotating shaft rotatable with the main shaft;
A cylinder,
A piston that forms a working chamber with the cylinder;
A conversion mechanism for performing conversion between the rotational movement of the rotary shaft and the reciprocating movement of the piston;
Measuring the pressure in the working chamber in the physical quantity measurement step;
The diagnosis step further includes an integration step for calculating an integral value by integrating the measured value of the pressure in the working chamber measured in the physical quantity measurement step in correspondence with the reciprocating motion cycle of the piston. ,
In the determination step, it is determined whether there is an abnormality in the integration value according to a comparison result between the integration value calculated in the integration step and the determination criterion set in the determination criterion setting step. The diagnostic method of the wind power generator of Claim 7.