WO2014115260A1 - Virtual image creating device and display system - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is a virtual image creating device that causes an image formed by an image forming unit to be viewed as a virtual image, the virtual image creating device comprising an optical means that: separates, from incident light, image light corresponding to an image and scattered light of an object; lets the separated scattered light pass therethrough; and subjects the separated image light to an optical action for creating a virtual image. The virtual image creating device is constructed as a separate part from the image forming unit, and is constructed so as to be wearable on the user's head.

Description

Virtual image generating apparatus and display system

The present invention relates to a technical field for visually recognizing an image as a virtual image.

Conventionally, display devices such as a head-up display (hereinafter referred to as “HUD” as appropriate) and a head-mounted display (hereinafter referred to as “HMD” as appropriate) for visually recognizing an image as a virtual image are known. For example, Patent Document 1 proposes a technique related to HMD. Specifically, Patent Document 1 describes a phenomenon in which even an opaque object appears translucent when placed close to the eye if the size is smaller than the pupil diameter (hereinafter referred to as “pupil division see-through phenomenon”). HMD using this method has been proposed. In addition, Patent Document 2 proposes a technique related to the present invention.

JP 2009-75195 A Special table 2012-502319 gazette

By the way, the above-mentioned HUD and HMD have the following disadvantages. In a normal HUD, if the size of the combiner is fixed, the larger the distance between the observer and the combiner, the smaller the size of the virtual image (hereinafter referred to as “angle of view”) viewed by the user tends to be. In addition, when the angle of view is fixed, a large combiner tends to be required. In addition, when the HUD is mounted on a vehicle, the type in which the combiner is provided on the dashboard tends to be restricted by location and size, and the type in which the combiner is provided near the ceiling gives the driver a sense of discomfort and pressure. There was a case. On the other hand, in an ordinary HMD, various optical elements, a control circuit, a battery, and the like are housed in a spectacle-shaped structure, which tends to increase the size and weight.

Examples of the problem to be solved by the present invention include the above. It is an object of the present invention to provide a virtual image generating device that can be used easily and can appropriately visually recognize a desired virtual image without causing a feeling of pressure or discomfort.

In the invention described in the claims, the virtual image generating device that visually recognizes the image formed by the image forming unit as a virtual image separates the image light corresponding to the image and the scattered light of the object from the incident light, and separates them. An optical means for transmitting the scattered light and imparting an optical action for generating the virtual image to the separated image light, the virtual image generating apparatus being separate from the image forming unit It is comprised so that it can mount | wear to a user's head.

Further, in the invention described in the claims, the display system includes an image forming unit and the virtual image conversion device that causes the image formed by the image forming unit to be visually recognized as a virtual image.

1 shows a basic configuration of a display system according to an embodiment. The schematic structure of HMD using a pupil division see-through phenomenon is shown. The schematic structure of the combiner which concerns on a reference example is shown. In the combiner which concerns on a reference example, the light which passes a non-lens part is shown. In the combiner which concerns on a reference example, the light which passes a micro lens part is shown. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a combiner according to a first embodiment. In the combiner which concerns on 1st Example, the light which passes a non-lens part is shown. In the combiner which concerns on 1st Example, the light which passes a micro lens part is shown. The schematic structure of the combiner which concerns on 2nd Example is shown. In the combiner which concerns on 2nd Example, the light which passes a non-lens part is shown. In the combiner which concerns on 2nd Example, the light which passes a micro lens part is shown. The schematic structure of the combiner which concerns on 3rd Example is shown. The light which passes the combiner which concerns on 3rd Example is shown. The schematic structure of the combiner which concerns on 4th Example is shown. The light which passes the combiner which concerns on 4th Example is shown. An example of the manufacturing method of the combiner concerning a 4th example is shown. The figure when the real image is a display screen shows light passing through a combiner according to another example of the fourth embodiment. The schematic structure of the combiner which concerns on 5th Example is shown. When a real image is a general object, the light which passes the combiner which concerns on 5th Example is shown. When a real image is a display screen, the light which passes the combiner which concerns on 5th Example is shown. The schematic structure of the combiner which concerns on the other example of 5th Example is shown. The schematic structure of the combiner which concerns on the further another example of 5th Example is shown. The schematic structure of the combiner which concerns on 6th Example is shown. When a real image is a general object, the light which passes the combiner which concerns on 6th Example is shown. When a real image is a display screen, the light which passes the combiner which concerns on 6th Example is shown. The figure for demonstrating the fault of common HUD and HMD is shown.

In one aspect of the present invention, a virtual image generating device that visually recognizes an image formed by an image forming unit as a virtual image scatters image light and an object (corresponding to a general object) corresponding to the image from incident light. The virtual image generating apparatus includes optical means for separating the light, transmitting the separated scattered light, and imparting an optical action for generating the virtual image to the separated image light. The image forming unit is configured separately from the image forming unit and can be mounted on the user's head.

According to the above virtual image generating device, a desired virtual image can be appropriately generated for the image formed by the image forming unit by optical means. In addition, the virtual image generating device is configured separately from the image forming unit and is used by being mounted on the user's head, so that it can be used easily and does not cause a feeling of pressure or discomfort.

In one aspect of the virtual image generating device, the optical unit is provided in the lens unit having a width smaller than the pupil diameter of the user, a non-lens unit having no lens function, and the lens unit. A first optical filter that transmits the image light and shields the scattered light.

According to the above virtual image generation device, while ensuring transparency by the pupil division see-through phenomenon, the desired virtual image (the image formed by the image forming unit that is visually recognized to exist at a position different from the real image) The corresponding virtual image, the same shall apply hereinafter).

In the present specification, the expression “transmit light” includes not only transmitting all light but also transmitting only part of light. The same applies to expressions such as “shield light” and “reflect light”.

In another aspect of the virtual image generating device, the optical unit is further provided with a second optical filter that is provided in the non-lens portion and shields the image light and transmits the scattered light.

According to the above-described virtual image generating device, the real image corresponding to the image formed by the image forming unit is not visually recognized, so that the real image is visually recognized as converted into a virtual image.

In another aspect of the virtual image generating device, the optical unit includes a plurality of lens units having a width smaller than the pupil diameter of the user, a plurality of non-lens units having no lens function, and the scattered light. A plurality of first optical filters that transmit the image light, and the lens portions and the non-lens portions are alternately formed in a comb shape on one surface of the optical means, The first optical filter causes the transmitted image light to enter the lens unit.

The above virtual image generation device can also appropriately generate a desired virtual image while ensuring transparency by the pupil division see-through phenomenon. In addition, according to the virtual image generating device, the boundary between the lens unit and the non-lens unit is not easily recognized, and is less susceptible to the movement of the eyeball.

In another aspect of the virtual image generating device, the optical unit further includes a plurality of second optical filters that shield the image light, transmit the scattered light, and enter the non-lens portion. Also with the above virtual image generation device, the real image corresponding to the image formed by the image forming unit is not visually recognized, so that the real image is visually recognized as converted into a virtual image.

In another aspect of the virtual image generating apparatus, the optical means is provided on a surface based on a lens, and a plurality of first optical filters that reflect the image light and transmit the scattered light. And a plurality of second optical filters that are provided on a surface opposite to the surface on which the first optical filter is provided, reflect the image light, and transmit the scattered light. The first optical filter and the second optical filter are configured such that the image light is reflected by the first optical filter and the second optical filter and is incident on the user's eye. The optical filter collects the image light when reflecting the image light.

The above-described virtual image generation device can also appropriately generate a desired virtual image while ensuring transparency. Further, in the virtual image generating apparatus, since the transparency is not ensured by using the pupil division see-through phenomenon, the real image of the object looks brighter.

In another aspect of the virtual image generating device, the optical unit reflects the image light reflected by the first optical filter and the image light reflected by the first optical filter, and the scattering. A half mirror that transmits light, and the first optical filter or the half mirror has a function of condensing the image light. The above virtual image generating device can also appropriately generate a desired virtual image while ensuring transparency.

In another aspect of the virtual image generating device, the optical unit is provided on the image forming unit side of the half mirror, and shields the image light and transmits the scattered light. An optical filter is further provided. Also with the above virtual image generation device, the real image corresponding to the image formed by the image forming unit is not visually recognized, so that the real image is visually recognized as converted into a virtual image.

In another aspect of the virtual image generating apparatus, the optical unit reflects the image light reflected by the total reflection mirror and totally reflects the image light, and transmits the scattered light. A hologram optical element that has a function of condensing the image light.

The above-described virtual image generation device can also appropriately generate a desired virtual image while ensuring transparency. Moreover, according to the virtual image generating apparatus, the thickness of the entire virtual image generating apparatus can be reduced by using the hologram optical element, and the cost of the apparatus can be reduced by using an inexpensive total reflection mirror.

In another aspect of the virtual image generating apparatus, the optical unit is provided on the image forming unit side with respect to the hologram optical element, and shields the image light and transmits the scattered light. Is further provided. Also with the above virtual image generation device, the real image corresponding to the image formed by the image forming unit is not visually recognized, so that the real image is visually recognized as converted into a virtual image.

In a preferred example, the optical filter (first optical filter and / or second optical filter) is a polarizing filter or a wavelength filter.

In a preferred example, the virtual image generating device is configured as a glasses.

In another aspect of the present invention, a display system includes an image forming unit and the virtual image generating device that causes an image formed by the image forming unit to be visually recognized as a virtual image. For example, the image forming unit may be provided on the dashboard of the vehicle.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

[Basic concept]
Here, the basic concept in the present embodiment will be described.

First, the disadvantages of general HUD and HMD will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 26A shows a schematic configuration of a general HUD, and FIG. 26B shows a schematic configuration of a general HMD.

In a general HUD, a half-mirror combiner 500a placed in front of the driver's field of view is used to display an image on the screen of a liquid crystal display or a projector (real image RI) as a virtual image VI to the driver. It is visually recognized. Thereby, for example, the driver can visually recognize the instrument, navigation information, and the like superimposed on the scenery without lowering the line of sight while looking forward. On the other hand, in general HMD, the user generates light emitted from the micro display (real image RI for left eye and right eye) such as LCOS (Liquid Crystal On On Silicon) or OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode) and the like. Eyepiece optical system (such as a left eye combiner 500b and a right eye combiner 500b).

In the following, the combiner 500a and the combiner 500b are collectively referred to as “combiner 500”. In addition, a user of HUD or HMD (including a combiner according to a later-described embodiment) is appropriately referred to as an “observer”.

At first glance, HUD and HMD look like completely different optical systems, but can be interpreted as the same in that the real image RI is visually recognized as a virtual image VI by the combiner 500. The difference is where the real image RI and the combiner 500 are fixed. In the HUD, these are fixed in a space (such as a vehicle body), and in the HMD, these are fixed to an observer (glasses).

Described below are the disadvantages of general HUD (system that fixes real image RI and combiner 500 in space). The size (angle of view) of the virtual image visually recognized by the observer (driver) with a general HUD is limited by the angle at which the observer looks at the combiner 500. Therefore, when the size of the combiner 500 is fixed, the angle of view tends to decrease as the distance between the observer and the combiner 500 increases. On the other hand, when the angle of view is fixed, a larger combiner 500 is required as the distance between the observer and the combiner 500 increases. On the other hand, the HUD combiner 500 is often fixed on the dashboard. However, in this type of HUD, it is not possible to place a very large combiner 500 from the viewpoint of space. Conversely, in a type of HUD in which the combiner 500 is provided near the ceiling of the vehicle body (for example, the position of the sun visor), it is possible to fix a relatively large combiner 500, but by fixing the combiner 500 on the top, There may be a feeling of oppression or discomfort.

Next, the disadvantages of a general HMD (a system that fixes a real image and a combiner to the observer's head) will be described. In a general HMD, a real image RI is fixed to an observer's head (glasses). In order to create a real image RI, various control circuits are used in addition to a spatial modulation element for generating an image such as LCOS or OLED. A substrate and a secondary battery are also required. Therefore, in a general HMD, the size and weight of the entire spectacle-type device tend to increase. On the other hand, in order to reduce the size and weight, there is a method of connecting secondary batteries etc. separately and connecting them to the spectacles part by wire, but this method causes troublesomeness at the time of wearing. May end up. In any case, with a general HMD, it is difficult for the observer to wear it as easily as wearing normal sunglasses.

In the present embodiment, a configuration that can eliminate the disadvantages of HUD and HMD as described above is adopted. FIG. 1 shows a basic configuration of a display system according to the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, in this embodiment, the real image RI is fixed in a space like the HUD, but the combiner 100 adopts a configuration in which the combiner 100 is fixed on the observer side (glasses) like the HMD. Thereby, it can be used as easily as wearing sunglasses, and a virtual image with a large angle of view can be visually recognized without causing a feeling of pressure or a sense of incongruity. The real image RI corresponds to the “image forming unit” in the present invention, and the combiner 100 corresponds to the “virtual image generating device” in the present invention (hereinafter the same).

Here, in general HUD and HMD, in order to make the virtual image VI larger than the real image RI and to make the virtual image VI visible farther than the real image RI, the magnification between the real image RI and the combiner 500 is increased. The optical element (convex lens or the like) is provided, or the combiner 500 itself is a concave mirror. Therefore, in this embodiment, the eyeglass-type combiner 100 as shown in FIG. 1 is configured to ensure transparency while increasing the magnification. Configurations capable of realizing this are shown in the following first to sixth embodiments. Note that combiners 100a to 100f shown in first to sixth embodiments to be described later are applied to the display system of FIG.

[First embodiment]
First, the first embodiment will be described. In the first embodiment, the pupil division see-through phenomenon described in Patent Document 1 described above is used in order to ensure transparency while increasing the magnification. Therefore, first, the pupil division see-through phenomenon described in Patent Document 1 will be briefly described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 2 shows a schematic configuration of the HMD using the pupil division see-through phenomenon. In the HMD, light from the micro display (real image RI) is guided to the eye through an opaque optical bar 310 (shown by a broken line). Specifically, the light of the micro display is guided to the eye through the opaque total reflection mirror 320 and the convex lens 330. Thereby, the virtual image VI is visually recognized by the observer. In such an HMD, the opaque optical bar 310 has a size smaller than the pupil diameter and is provided in the immediate vicinity of the eye. Therefore, the optical bar 310 is visually recognized as translucent due to the pupil division see-through phenomenon. That is, the general object (background object) OB is visually recognized with almost no obstruction by the optical bar 310. In addition, according to said convex lens 330, it is visually recognized like the light emitted from a distant place by loosening the diffusion angle of the light emitted from each pixel of a micro display. As a result, the virtual image VI appears larger than the real image RI (same principle as seen with a magnifying glass).

Next, a combiner that can generate a virtual image VI while ensuring transparency by using the above-described pupil division see-through phenomenon will be described with reference to FIGS. Here, a basic configuration of a combiner whose main purpose is to generate a virtual image VI while ensuring transparency will be described (hereinafter, the combiner is referred to as a “combiner according to a reference example”). In the combiner according to the reference example, since all objects in the space are visually recognized as virtual images VI, it is actually necessary to add a configuration for dealing with this. The configuration will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 3 shows a schematic configuration of the combiner 100x according to the reference example. As shown in FIG. 3, the combiner 100 x according to the reference example mainly includes a minute lens 91 and a transparent parallel plate 92. The micro lens 91 is a micro lens cut out from a large convex lens, and has a width (for example, 2 mm) smaller than the pupil diameter.

FIG. 4 shows light passing through a portion of the parallel plate 92 (in other words, a non-lens portion) in the combiner 100x according to the reference example. That is, the light that is visually recognized as the real image RI is shown. Specifically, FIG. 4A shows a view of the light passing from above and FIG. 4B shows a view of the light passing from the side. As shown in FIG. 4B, according to the combiner 100x according to the reference example, the real image RI can be viewed as it is even if the minute lens 91 is attached due to the pupil division see-through phenomenon. That is, transparency can be ensured. Note that reference numeral 95 in FIGS. 4A and 4B indicates a convex lens that is a base when the microlens 91 is cut out (the same applies hereinafter).

FIG. 5 shows light passing through the portion of the micro lens 91 in the combiner 100x according to the reference example. That is, it shows light that is visually recognized as a virtual image. Specifically, FIG. 5A shows a view in which light passes from above (specifically, it corresponds to a perspective view in which the microlens 91 is observed through the parallel plate 92). FIG. 5 (b) shows a side view of how light passes. As shown in a region Ar1 in FIG. 5A, the light of the real image RI is refracted by the micro lens 91 and enters the eye. In addition, a broken line L1 in FIGS. 5A and 5B is a line obtained by extending a light beam after being refracted by the micro lens 91 (hereinafter the same). 5A and 5B, it can be seen that the virtual image VI corresponding to the real image RI is visually recognized by the observer by the micro lens 91. Specifically, a virtual image VI that is located farther than the real image RI and has a larger size than the real image RI is visually recognized.

Here, the focal length f of the convex lens that is the basis of the microlens 91 is expressed by the following equation from the distance a between the lens and the real image RI and the distance b between the lens and the virtual image VI (see FIG. 5A). It is calculated from (1).

f = a × b / (ba) Formula (1)
For example, in order to make a real image RI 0.5 m ahead visible as a virtual image 3 m ahead, a minute amount is required from a convex lens having a focal length “f = 0.5 × 3 / (3-0.5) = 0.6 m” The lens 91 may be cut out.

It should be noted that when the minute lens 91 is cut out from the convex lens, the vertical position of the real image RI and the virtual image VI that can be visually recognized can be freely changed by cutting out the position shifted vertically. Further, by adjusting the position of the micro lens 91 on the combiner 100x in the vertical direction, the virtual image VI can be viewed only when the line of sight is directed in a specific direction.

Next, a combiner according to the first embodiment based on the combiner 100x according to the reference example described above will be described with reference to FIGS. The combiner which concerns on 1st Example adds the structure which can suppress that all the objects in space are visually recognized as the virtual image VI with respect to the combiner 100x which concerns on a reference example. Specifically, the combiner according to the first embodiment is configured to be able to selectively visually recognize the display screen as a virtual image VI.

FIG. 6 shows a schematic configuration of the combiner 100a according to the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 6, the combiner 100 a according to the first example mainly includes a minute lens 11, a parallel plate 12, and polarizing filters 13 and 14. The basic configuration of the minute lens 11 and the parallel plate 12 is the same as that of the minute lens 91 and the parallel plate 92 of the combiner 100x according to the reference example described above. For example, like the micro lens 91, the micro lens 11 is a micro lens cut out from a large convex lens, and has a width (for example, 2 mm) smaller than the pupil diameter.

The combiner 100a according to the first embodiment is different from the combiner 100x according to the reference example in that polarizing filters 13 and 14 are attached to the microlens 11 and the parallel plate 12, respectively. The polarizing filter 13 attached to the microlens 11 is configured to transmit light from the display screen and cut 50% of random polarized light. On the other hand, the polarizing filter 14 attached to the parallel plate 12 is configured to cut light from the display screen and cut random polarized light by 50%.

The “display screen” used in the first embodiment and the second embodiment described later refers to a screen in which the polarization directions of light emitted from the display screen are aligned. For example, a liquid crystal display or an image drawn on a screen by a laser projector is applicable.

The display screen corresponds to an image formed by the “image forming unit” in the present invention, and the light on the display screen corresponds to “image light” in the present invention.

The microlens 11 corresponds to an example of the “lens part” in the present invention, the parallel plate 12 corresponds to an example of the “non-lens part” in the present invention, and the polarizing filter 13 corresponds to the “first optical filter” in the present invention. The polarizing filter 14 corresponds to an example of a “second optical filter” in the present invention.

FIG. 7 shows light passing through a portion of the parallel plate 12 (in other words, a non-lens portion) in the combiner 100a according to the first embodiment. That is, the light that is visually recognized as the real image RI is shown. Specifically, FIGS. 7A and 7B are views of the light passing through as viewed from above. FIG. 7A shows a view when the real image RI is the display screen DP, and FIG. 7B shows a view when the real image RI is a general object OB.

As shown in FIG. 7A, the light on the display screen DP is cut by the polarizing filter 14, so that the observer does not see the real image RI of the display screen DP. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 7B, the light scattered by the general object OB is usually random polarized light, and the random polarized light is transmitted through the polarizing filter 14, so that the observer can visually recognize the real image RI of the general object OB. The Specifically, since the polarization filter 14 cuts 50% of random polarized light, that is, transmits 50% random polarized light, the real image RI of the general object OB is visually recognized with 50% brightness (strictly speaking, it is minute) The area ratio between the lens 11 and the parallel plate 12 (in other words, the area is visually recognized with brightness according to the area ratio between the polarizing filter 13 and the polarizing filter 14). In addition, the parallel plate 12 to which such a polarizing filter 14 is attached has the same function as general polarizing sunglasses.

FIG. 8 shows light passing through the portion of the microlens 11 in the combiner 100a according to the first embodiment. That is, it shows light that is visually recognized as a virtual image. Specifically, FIGS. 8 (a) and 8 (b) are diagrams in which the state of light passing through is observed from above (specifically, it corresponds to a perspective view in which the microlens 11 is observed through the parallel plate 12). Is shown. FIG. 8A shows a view when the real image RI is the display screen DP, and FIG. 8B shows a view when the real image RI is a general object OB.

As shown in FIG. 8A, the light of the display screen DP is refracted by the microlens 11 and passes through the polarizing filter 13 and enters the eye. Thereby, the virtual image VI corresponding to the display screen DP is visually recognized. In this case, since the polarizing filter 13 transmits almost 100% of the light on the display screen DP, the virtual image VI of the display screen DP is visually recognized with almost the original brightness (that is, there is almost no light loss due to the polarizing filter 13). Similarly, as shown in FIG. 8B, the light scattered by the general object OB is also refracted by the minute lens 11 and transmitted through the polarizing filter 13 to enter the eye. Thereby, the virtual image VI corresponding to the general object OB is visually recognized. In this case, since the polarization filter 13 cuts 50% of random polarized light corresponding to the light scattered by the general object OB, the virtual image VI of the general object OB is visually recognized with a brightness of 50%. That is, the virtual image VI of the general object OB is visually recognized with a brightness of 50% with respect to the virtual image VI of the display screen DP.

According to the first embodiment described above, it is possible to appropriately generate the virtual image VI while ensuring transparency. Specifically, a virtual image VI that is located farther than the real image RI and is visually recognized to have a size larger than the real image RI (hereinafter, such a virtual image is appropriately referred to as a “desired virtual image”). ) Can be generated. Further, according to the first embodiment, the virtual image VI of the display screen DP can be viewed brightly with respect to the virtual image VI of the general object OB by the polarizing filter 13 attached to the microlens 11. That is, it can be said that the display screen DP can be selectively viewed as a virtual image VI.

In the above-described combiner 100a, the polarizing filter 14 is attached to the parallel plate 12, but the polarizing filter 14 may not be attached to the parallel plate 12. When the polarizing filter 14 is attached to the parallel plate 12, the real image RI on the display screen DP is not visually recognized, so that the real image RI is visually recognized as converted into the virtual image VI. On the other hand, when the polarizing filter 14 is not attached to the parallel plate 12, the real image RI and the virtual image VI of the display screen DP are visually recognized at the same time.

In the above description, the micro lens 11 is based on a convex lens. However, a Fresnel lens having the same focal length may be used instead of the convex lens. That is, a minute lens cut out from a Fresnel lens having the same focal length may be used as the minute lens 11. In such a case, the overall thickness of the combiner 100a can be reduced. Note that the configuration in which such a Fresnel lens is applied can be similarly applied to second to fifth embodiments described later.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, a second embodiment will be described. The second embodiment is the same as the first embodiment in that the transparency is ensured by using the pupil division see-through phenomenon and the magnification is obtained by using a microlens. Detailed description is omitted). However, the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in the method for separating the light of the display screen DP and the scattered light of the general object OB. Specifically, in the first embodiment, the polarizing filter is used to separate the light of the display screen DP and the scattered light of the general object OB. However, in the second embodiment, the wavelength filter is used instead of the polarizing filter. Is used to separate the light of the display screen DP and the scattered light of the general object OB.

In this specification, the “wavelength filter” corresponds to a wavelength selective transmission film or a wavelength selective reflection film.

FIG. 9 shows a schematic configuration of the combiner 100b according to the second embodiment. As shown in FIG. 9, the combiner 100 b according to the second embodiment mainly includes a micro lens 21, a parallel plate 22, and wavelength filters 23 and 24. The basic configuration of the minute lens 21 and the parallel plate 22 is the same as the minute lens 11 and the parallel plate 12 of the combiner 100a according to the first embodiment (that is, the minute lens 91 and the parallel plate of the combiner 100x according to the reference example). 92). For example, like the microlens 11, the microlens 21 is a microlens cut out from a large convex lens and has a width (for example, 2 mm) smaller than the pupil diameter.

The combiner 100b according to the second embodiment is different from the combiner 100a according to the first embodiment in that wavelength filters 23 and 24 are attached to the micro lens 21 and the parallel plate 22, respectively. The wavelength filter 23 attached to the minute lens 21 is configured to transmit only light (wavelength) from the display screen DP. In other words, the wavelength filter 23 is configured to cut light other than light from the display screen DP. On the other hand, the wavelength filter 24 attached to the parallel plate 22 is configured to cut only light (wavelength) from the display screen DP. In other words, the wavelength filter 24 is configured to transmit light other than light from the display screen DP. Here, in general, a wavelength filter that transmits or cuts (reflects) only a specific wavelength is manufactured by laminating a plurality of dielectric films having different refractive indexes.

The micro lens 21 corresponds to an example of the “lens part” in the present invention, the parallel plate 22 corresponds to an example of the “non-lens part” in the present invention, and the wavelength filter 23 corresponds to the “first optical filter” in the present invention. The wavelength filter 24 corresponds to an example of a “second optical filter” in the present invention.

FIG. 10 shows light passing through a portion of the parallel plate 22 (in other words, a non-lens portion) in the combiner 100b according to the second embodiment. That is, the light that is visually recognized as the real image RI is shown. Specifically, FIGS. 10A and 10B are views of the state in which light passes observed from above. FIG. 10A shows a view when the real image RI is the display screen DP, and FIG. 10B shows a view when the real image RI is a general object OB.

As shown in FIG. 10A, since the light on the display screen DP is cut by the wavelength filter 24, the observer does not see the real image RI of the display screen DP. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 10B, since the light scattered by the general object OB passes through the wavelength filter 24, the real image RI of the general object OB is visually recognized by the observer. Specifically, since the light scattered by the general object OB has very little light having the same wavelength as the display display light (light cut by the wavelength filter 24), the real image RI of the general object OB is almost the original brightness. It is visually recognized.

FIG. 11 shows light passing through the portion of the microlens 21 in the combiner 100b according to the second embodiment. That is, it shows light that is visually recognized as a virtual image. Specifically, FIGS. 11A and 11B are views in which light is observed from above (specifically, it corresponds to a perspective view in which the microlens 21 is observed through the parallel plate 22). Is shown. FIG. 11A shows a view when the real image RI is the display screen DP, and FIG. 11B shows a view when the real image RI is a general object OB.

As shown in FIG. 11A, the light of the display screen DP is refracted by the micro lens 21 and passes through the wavelength filter 23 to enter the eye. Thereby, the virtual image VI corresponding to the display screen DP is visually recognized. In this case, since the wavelength filter 23 transmits almost 100% of the light on the display screen DP, the virtual image VI of the display screen DP is visually recognized with almost the original brightness (that is, there is almost no light loss due to the wavelength filter 23). On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 11B, since the light scattered by the general object OB is cut by the wavelength filter 23, the virtual image VI corresponding to the general object OB is not visually recognized. Specifically, the light with the same wavelength as the display display light (light that can pass through the wavelength filter 23) out of the light scattered by the general object OB is very small, so that the virtual image VI of the general object OB is hardly visually recognized. In this respect, the second embodiment is more effective than the first embodiment.

Also in the second embodiment described above, a desired virtual image VI can be generated while ensuring transparency, as in the first embodiment. On the other hand, according to the second embodiment, unlike the first embodiment, only the virtual image VI of the display screen DP is obtained by the wavelength filter 23 attached to the microlens 21 while hardly viewing the virtual image VI of the general object OB. It can be visually recognized. That is, according to the second embodiment, the display screen DP can be selectively visually recognized as the virtual image VI more effectively than the first embodiment.

Here, it is supplemented that the second embodiment allows the display screen DP to be selectively viewed as a virtual image VI more effectively than the first embodiment. The light emitted from the liquid crystal display is determined by the wavelength of the backlight. Even in a full-color liquid crystal display, the backlight often uses only RGB three-wavelength LEDs. The laser display also realizes full color using RGB three-wavelength lasers. In such a configuration, the virtual image VI can be generated by effectively separating the display screen DP and the general object OB by using the wavelength filter 23 rather than the polarizing filter 13.

In the above-described combiner 100b, the wavelength filter 24 is attached to the parallel plate 22. However, the wavelength filter 24 may not be attached to the parallel plate 22. When the wavelength filter 24 is attached to the parallel plate 22, the real image RI on the display screen DP is not visually recognized, so that the real image RI is visually recognized as converted into the virtual image VI. On the other hand, when the wavelength filter 24 is not attached to the parallel plate 22, the real image RI and the virtual image VI of the display screen DP are visually recognized at the same time.

[Third embodiment]
Next, a third embodiment will be described. The third embodiment is the same as the first and second embodiments in that the magnification is secured using the convex lens effect. However, the third embodiment is different from the first and second embodiments in a method of visually recognizing a virtual image while ensuring transparency. Specifically, in the first and second embodiments, only the light of the display screen that passes through one micro lens 11, 21 (strictly, one micro lens 11, 21 for each of the right eye and the left eye) is transmitted. Although it was converted to a virtual image and transparency was ensured by the light transmitted through the non-lens portion, in the third embodiment, all the light on the display screen that transmits a plurality of (two or more) microlenses is converted into a virtual image. Transparency is ensured by light transmitted through the non-lens portion. Specifically, in the third embodiment, a combiner in which minute lens portions and non-lens portions are alternately formed is employed.

FIG. 12 shows a schematic configuration of the combiner 100c according to the third embodiment. 12A shows a front view of the combiner 100c, and FIG. 12B shows a cross-sectional view of the combiner 100c along the cutting line X1-X1 ′ in FIG. 12A. In FIG. 12A, the micro lens 33 and the wavelength filter 35 are provided in a plurality of regions (hatched regions) indicated by reference numeral 31, and the plurality of regions (regions not hatched) indicated by reference numeral 32 are provided. Are provided with a parallel plate 34 and a wavelength filter 36. The wavelength filter 35 is configured to transmit only light (wavelength) from the display screen DP, and the wavelength filter 36 is configured to cut (reflect) only light (wavelength) from the display screen DP. Yes. That is, the wavelength filters 35 and 36 have the same functions as the wavelength filters 23 and 24 shown in the second embodiment, respectively.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 12 (b), in the combiner 100c according to the third embodiment, a plurality of microlenses 33 and parallel flat plates 34 are alternately formed on one surface in a comb shape. A plurality of wavelength filters 35 and wavelength filters 36 are alternately provided on the other surface facing the surface. In this case, the micro lens 33 is provided at a position where light transmitted through the wavelength filter 35 is incident, and the parallel plate 34 is provided at a position where light transmitted through the wavelength filter 36 is incident. . The micro lens 33 is based on a convex lens indicated by reference numeral 38 in FIG. For example, the minute lens 33 and the parallel flat plate 34 can be formed by cutting a concentric groove on the original convex lens 38. In addition, by applying a mask (shielding pattern) to the surface (plane) opposite to the surface on which the micro lens 33 and the parallel plate 34 are formed in this way, the wavelength filters 35 and 36 are formed on the surface. can do.

Here, the micro lens 33 in the third embodiment may be configured to have a considerably narrower width than the micro lenses 11 and 21 in the first and second embodiments. For example, although the microlenses 11 and 21 having a width of about 2 mm are used in the first and second embodiments, the microlens 33 having a width of about 0.3 mm may be used in the third embodiment. At this time, it is preferable to leave a gap of about 0.3 mm so that the pupil division see-through phenomenon occurs for each minute lens 33. That is, it is preferable to alternately form the microlenses 33 having a width of about 0.3 mm and the parallel plates 34 having a width of about 0.3 mm. If it carries out like this, while the boundary of a lens part and a non-lens part becomes difficult to visually recognize, it becomes difficult to receive the influence of eyeball movement. In this respect, the third embodiment is more effective than the first and second embodiments. At this time, if the pitch size at which the micro lenses 33 are provided is too small, a diffraction phenomenon occurs. Therefore, it is desirable to employ a pitch size that does not cause the diffraction phenomenon.

The micro lens 33 corresponds to an example of the “lens part” in the present invention, the parallel plate 34 corresponds to an example of the “non-lens part” in the present invention, and the wavelength filter 35 corresponds to the “first optical filter” in the present invention. The wavelength filter 36 corresponds to an example of a “second optical filter” in the present invention.

FIG. 13 shows light passing through the combiner 100c according to the third embodiment. FIGS. 13 (a) and 13 (b) show views of the passage of light from the side (combiner 100c is shown in a cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 12 (b)). FIG. 13A shows a diagram when the real image RI is the display screen DP, and FIG. 13B shows a diagram when the real image RI is a general object OB.

As shown in FIG. 13A, the light of the display screen DP passes through the wavelength filter 35 and then passes through the micro lens 33 and enters the eye. Thereby, the virtual image VI corresponding to the display screen DP is visually recognized. In this case, since the light of the display screen DP is cut by the wavelength filter 36 and does not enter the parallel plate 34, the display screen DP is not visually recognized as the real image RI. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 13B, the light scattered by the general object OB passes through the wavelength filter 36 and then enters the eye through the parallel plate 34. In this case, the light scattered by the general object OB does not enter the minute lens 33 because it is cut by the wavelength filter 35. Therefore, the general object OB is visually recognized as the real image RI by the pupil division see-through phenomenon without being converted into the virtual image VI. Therefore, transparency is ensured also by the combiner 100c which concerns on 3rd Example.

According to the third embodiment described above, a desired virtual image VI can be generated while ensuring transparency, as in the first and second embodiments. Further, according to the third embodiment, as in the second embodiment, the display screen DP can be selectively visually recognized as the virtual image VI. On the other hand, according to the third embodiment, as compared with the first and second embodiments, the boundary between the lens portion and the non-lens portion is less visible and less susceptible to the movement of the eyeball.

In addition, it is not limited to providing the micro lens 33 and the parallel plate 34 (including the wavelength filters 35 and 36) on the combiner 100c with a pattern (see the areas 31 and 32) as shown in FIG. In another example, the microlenses 33 may be provided only in the upper half or the lower half of the combiner 100c. In such a case, the virtual image can be viewed only when the line of sight is directed upward or downward. In yet another example, if the area ratio between the region 31 and the region 32 is changed, the brightness ratio between the real image RI and the virtual image VI changes, so that a desired brightness ratio between the real image RI and the virtual image VI can be obtained. In addition, the area ratio between the region 31 and the region 32 may be changed as appropriate.

Further, in the above combiner 100c, the wavelength filters 35 and 36 are provided on the surface opposite to the surface in which the microlenses 33 and the parallel flat plates 34 are alternately formed in a comb shape, but the microlens 33, the parallel flat plate 34, and the wavelength are provided. The filters 35 and 36 may be provided on the same surface. In that case, the wavelength filter 35 may be provided at the position of the minute lens 33 and the wavelength filter 36 may be provided at the position of the parallel plate 34.

In the above combiner 100c, the wavelength filter 36 is used, but the wavelength filter 36 may not be used. When the wavelength filter 36 is used, the real image RI on the display screen DP is not visually recognized, so that the real image RI is visually recognized as converted into the virtual image VI. On the other hand, when the wavelength filter 36 is not used, the real image RI and the virtual image VI of the display screen DP are visually recognized at the same time.

In the above-described combiner 100c, the wavelength filters 35 and 36 are used. However, when the display display light has a polarization property, the first embodiment is shown instead of the wavelength filters 35 and 36. Such a polarizing filter may be used.

[Fourth embodiment]
Next, a fourth embodiment will be described. The fourth embodiment is different from the first to third embodiments in the method for increasing the magnification. Specifically, in the first to third embodiments, the magnification is gained by the function of the convex lens ( microlenses 11, 21, 33), but in the fourth embodiment, the magnification is increased by the function of the concave mirror instead of the convex lens. Earn. The fourth embodiment is different from the first to third embodiments in a method for ensuring transparency. Specifically, in the first to third embodiments, the pupil division see-through phenomenon is used to ensure transparency, but in the fourth embodiment, the pupil division see-through phenomenon is not used when ensuring transparency. . In the fourth embodiment, the pupil division see-through phenomenon is used when the virtual image VI is visually recognized, not for ensuring transparency.

FIG. 14 shows a schematic configuration of a combiner 100d according to the fourth embodiment. 14A shows a front view of the combiner 100d, and FIG. 14B shows a cross-sectional view of the combiner 100d along the cutting line X2-X2 'in FIG. 14A. In FIG. 14A, wavelength filters 43 are provided in a plurality of regions (hatched regions) denoted by reference numeral 41, and wavelength filters are disposed in a plurality of regions (unhatched regions) denoted by reference numeral 42. 44 is provided.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 14B, the wavelength filter 43 is attached to a curved surface (hereinafter referred to as “internal curved surface”) 45 formed inside the combiner 100 d, and the wavelength filter 44. Is attached to a plane (hereinafter referred to as “external plane”) 46 constituting the outer wall of the combiner 100d. Specifically, the internal curved surface 45 corresponds to a part of the curved surface of the convex lens, and the wavelength filter 43 is attached on such a curved surface. Actually, since a protective layer or the like is attached on the surface of the combiner 100d to which the wavelength filter 44 is attached, strictly speaking, the surface 46 to which the wavelength filter 44 is attached is not an external plane.

Both wavelength filters 43 and 44 are configured to reflect only light (wavelength) from the display screen DP. In other words, the wavelength filters 43 and 44 are configured to transmit wavelengths other than the wavelength of the display display light (for example, other than RGB3 wavelengths). Further, the wavelength filter 44 is provided at a position on the external plane 46 where the light that has passed through the portion of the internal curved surface 45 where the wavelength filter 43 is not provided is incident. On the other hand, the wavelength filter 43 is provided at a position on the internal curved surface 45 where the light incident on the wavelength filter 44 and reflected by the wavelength filter 44 is incident.

The wavelength filter 43 corresponds to an example of the “first optical filter” in the present invention, and the wavelength filter 44 corresponds to an example of the “second optical filter” in the present invention.

FIG. 15 shows light passing through the combiner 100d according to the fourth embodiment. 15 (a) and 15 (b) show views of the light passing from the side (combiner 100d is shown in a cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 14 (b)). FIG. 15A shows a view when the real image RI is the display screen DP, and FIG. 15B shows a view when the real image RI is a general object OB.

As shown by the arrow Arr1 in FIG. 15A, the light of the display screen DP enters the eye through the combiner 100d. Specifically, the light of the display screen DP passes through the portion of the internal curved surface 45 where the wavelength filter 43 is not provided (cut (reflected) at the location of the internal curved surface 45 where the wavelength filter 43 is provided) The light is incident on the external plane 46 where the wavelength filter 44 is provided. Thereafter, the light is reflected by the wavelength filter 44, enters the portion where the wavelength filter 43 is provided on the internal curved surface 45, and is reflected by the wavelength filter 43. In this case, since the wavelength filter 43 provided on the internal curved surface 45 acts as a concave mirror, the magnification can be increased. Then, the light reflected by the internal curved surface 45 passes through a portion where the wavelength filter 44 is not provided on the external plane 46 and enters the eye. Thereby, the virtual image VI corresponding to the display screen DP is visually recognized by the pupil division see-through phenomenon.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 15B, the light scattered by the general object OB passes through the wavelength filters 43 and 44 and enters the eye. Thereby, the real image RI of the general object OB is visually recognized. In this case, among the light scattered by the general object OB, the light having the same wavelength as the display display light (the light cut by the wavelength filters 43 and 44) is very small. On the other hand, it functions as a simple transparent parallel plate. Therefore, according to the combiner 100d which concerns on 4th Example, transparency will be ensured.

According to the fourth embodiment described above, a desired virtual image VI can be appropriately generated while ensuring transparency, as in the first to third embodiments. On the other hand, according to the fourth embodiment, since the transparency is not ensured using the pupil division see-through phenomenon as in the first to third embodiments, the real image RI of the general object OB is brighter. appear.

In the above combiner 100d, the wavelength filters 43 and 44 are used. However, when the display display light has a polarization property, the first embodiment is shown instead of the wavelength filters 43 and 44. Such a polarizing filter may be used.

Here, with reference to FIG. 16, an example of a method for manufacturing the combiner 100d according to the fourth embodiment will be described. First, as shown in FIG. 16A, the convex lens 47 is cut out or produced by injection molding. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 16B, by applying a mask or the like to the convex lens 47, the wavelength filters 43 and 44 as dielectric multilayer films are formed. Specifically, the wavelength filter 43 is formed on the curved surface 45 of the convex lens 47 (which becomes the above-described internal curved surface), and the wavelength filter 44 is formed on the plane 46 of the convex lens 47 (which becomes the above-described external plane). Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 16C, the convex lens 47 is bonded to the cover substrate 48 using a UV adhesive or the like. At this time, the optical interfaces other than the wavelength filters 43 and 44 can be eliminated by making the refractive indexes of the convex lens 47, the cover substrate 48, and the adhesive substantially the same.

In the above example, the external plane 46 provided with the wavelength filter 44 is on the viewer side. However, the external plane 46 provided with the wavelength filter 44 is on the side opposite to the viewer side. You may install as follows. FIG. 17 shows light passing through a combiner 100d1 according to another example of the fourth embodiment in the figure in the case where the real image RI is the display screen DP. In this case, as indicated by an arrow Arr2 in FIG. 17, the light on the display screen DP enters the eye via the combiner 100d1. Specifically, the light of the display screen DP passes through a portion of the external plane 46 where the wavelength filter 44 is not provided (it is cut (reflected) at the location of the external plane 46 where the wavelength filter 44 is provided) The light is incident on the inner curved surface 45 where the wavelength filter 43 is provided. Thereafter, the light is reflected by the wavelength filter 43, enters the portion where the wavelength filter 44 is provided on the external plane 46, and is reflected by the wavelength filter 44. Then, the light reflected by the external plane 46 passes through a portion of the internal curved surface 45 where the wavelength filter 43 is not provided and enters the eye.

[Fifth embodiment]
Next, a fifth embodiment will be described. The fifth embodiment is the same as the fourth embodiment in that the magnification is gained by the function of the concave mirror. However, the fifth embodiment differs from the fourth embodiment in a method for ensuring transparency. Specifically, in the fifth embodiment, transparency is ensured by using the function of a half mirror.

FIG. 18 shows a schematic configuration of a combiner 100e according to the fifth embodiment. 18A shows a front view of the combiner 100e, and FIG. 18B shows a top view of the combiner 100e as viewed from above (some components are shown through). ) The combiner 100e according to the fifth embodiment mainly includes an internal concave mirror 51, a wavelength filter 52, and a wavelength filter 53.

The internal concave mirror 51 is formed inside the combiner 100e. The internal concave mirror 51 is configured as a translucent concave mirror. In other words, the internal concave mirror 51 is configured as a half mirror having a concave shape. For example, the internal concave mirror 51 is configured by a translucent reflective film.

The wavelength filter 52 is attached to the surface of the protruding portion of the combiner 100e formed in the vicinity of the left and right temple portions of the glasses. The wavelength filter 53 is attached to the front surface of the combiner 100e. The wavelength filters 52 and 53 are both configured to reflect (cut) only light (wavelength) from the display screen DP. In other words, the wavelength filters 52 and 53 are configured to transmit wavelengths other than the wavelength of display display light (for example, other than RGB3 wavelengths). The internal concave mirror 51 and the wavelength filter 52 are provided in the combiner 100e at positions and angles at which the light reflected by the wavelength filter 52 enters the internal concave mirror 51.

The wavelength filter 52 corresponds to an example of a “first optical filter” in the present invention, and the wavelength filter 53 corresponds to an example of a “second optical filter” in the present invention.

FIG. 19 shows light passing through the combiner 100e according to the fifth embodiment when the real image RI is a general object OB. FIG. 19 (a) shows a view of the light passing from above, and FIG. 19 (b) shows a view of the light passing from the side (FIG. 19 ( In a) and (b), some components of the combiner 100e are shown in perspective).

19A and 19B, the light scattered by the general object OB passes through the wavelength filter 53 and the internal concave mirror 51 and enters the eye. Thereby, the real image RI of the general object OB is visually recognized. In this case, the light scattered by the general object OB almost passes through the wavelength filter 53 as it is, and the inner concave mirror 51 acts as a half mirror for the light after passing through the wavelength filter 53. Therefore, the real image RI of the general object OB is visually recognized with brightness according to the transmittance (reflectance) of the internal concave mirror 51. Therefore, transparency is also ensured by the combiner 100e according to the fifth embodiment.

FIG. 20 shows light passing through the combiner 100e according to the fifth embodiment when the real image RI is the display screen DP. FIG. 20A shows a view of the light passing from above, and FIG. 20B shows a view of the light passing from the side (FIG. 20 ( In a) and (b), some components of the combiner 100e are shown in perspective).

As shown in FIGS. 20A and 20B, the light of the display screen DP passes through a location where the wavelength filter 53 is not provided (cut (reflected) at the location where the wavelength filter 53 is provided). Then, the light enters the portion where the wavelength filter 52 is provided. Thereafter, the light is reflected by the wavelength filter 52, enters the internal concave mirror 51, and is reflected. In this case, the magnification can be gained by the function of the internal concave mirror 51. Then, the light reflected by the internal concave mirror 51 enters the eye. Thereby, the virtual image VI corresponding to the display screen DP is visually recognized.

According to the fifth embodiment described above, a desired virtual image VI can be appropriately generated while ensuring transparency, as in the first to fourth embodiments.

In the above-described combiner 100e, the magnification is obtained by the internal concave mirror 51. However, by changing the shape of the wavelength filter 52 to a concave surface and changing the shape of the internal concave mirror 51 to a plane (that is, the internal concave mirror 51 is simply changed). Change to half mirror), you may earn magnification.

In the above-described combiner 100e, the wavelength filter 52 is provided in the vicinity of the left and right temple portions. Alternatively, the wavelength filter 52 may be provided in the upper part or the lower part. When the wavelength filter 52 is provided in the vicinity of the left and right temple parts, a horizontal folding optical path is formed. However, when the wavelength filter 52 is provided at the upper part or the lower part, a vertical folding optical path is provided. Further, as shown in FIG. 21, a combiner 100e1 having wavelength filters 52a and 52b provided at the upper and lower portions and internal concave mirrors 51a and 51b that reflect light from the wavelength filters 52a and 52b, respectively, is adopted. Also good. According to the combiner 100e1, it is possible to appropriately generate the virtual image VI of the display screen DP regardless of whether the display screen DP is in the upper part or the lower part (see reference symbols DPa and DPb).

In addition, the wavelength filter 52 for turning back the light is not limited to be integrally formed with the combiner 100e, but as shown in FIG. May be adopted. In this combiner 100e2, the mirror 52c is installed in the temple part of the glasses. According to the combiner 100e2, since the angle of the mirror 52c can be freely changed, the reflected light from the display screen DP can be incident on the eyeball wherever the display screen DP is.

In the above combiner 100e, the wavelength filter 53 is used. However, the wavelength filter 53 may not be used. When the wavelength filter 53 is used, the real image RI on the display screen DP is not visually recognized, so that the real image RI is visually recognized as converted into the virtual image VI. On the other hand, when the wavelength filter 53 is not used, the real image RI and the virtual image VI of the display screen DP are visually recognized at the same time.

Further, in the above-described combiner 100e, the wavelength filters 52 and 53 are used. However, when the display display light has a polarization property, the first embodiment is shown instead of the wavelength filters 52 and 53. Such a polarizing filter may be used.

Further, the above-described combiner 100e can be manufactured by a method similar to the method shown in FIG. That is, the combiner 100e can be manufactured by forming a translucent reflective film on the convex lens and then bonding it to the cover substrate.

[Sixth embodiment]
Next, a sixth embodiment will be described. The sixth embodiment is the same as the fourth and fifth embodiments in that the magnification is gained by the function of the concave mirror. However, the sixth embodiment is different from the fourth and fifth embodiments in that the magnification is obtained by the hologram optical element having the function of a concave mirror. The sixth embodiment is different from the fourth and fifth embodiments in that transparency is ensured by utilizing the wavelength selectivity of such a hologram optical element.

FIG. 23 shows a schematic configuration of the combiner 100f according to the sixth embodiment. Fig.23 (a) has shown the front view of the combiner 100f, FIG.23 (b) has shown the top view which observed the combiner 100f from upper direction (a part of component is shown through and shown through). ) The combiner 100f according to the sixth example mainly includes a hologram optical element 61, a total reflection mirror 62, and a wavelength filter 63.

The hologram optical element 61 is attached to the front surface of the combiner 100f. The hologram optical element 61 is configured to have a concave mirror function. The hologram optical element 61 is configured to have wavelength selectivity. Specifically, the hologram optical element 61 is configured to reflect light (wavelength) from the display screen DP and transmit light (wavelength) other than light from the display screen DP. In realizing the hologram optical element 61 having the above function, various known techniques can be applied.

The total reflection mirror 62 is provided on the surface of the protruding portion of the combiner 100f formed in the vicinity of the left and right temple portions of the glasses, and totally reflects the incident light. The wavelength filter 63 is attached to the front surface of the combiner 100f. Specifically, the wavelength filter 63 is attached to the front surface of the hologram optical element 61 (that is, provided in front of the hologram optical element 61). The wavelength filter 63 is configured to reflect (cut) only light (wavelength) from the display screen DP. In other words, it is configured to transmit wavelengths other than the wavelength of display display light (for example, other than the RGB three wavelengths). The total reflection mirror 62 is provided in the combiner 100f at a position and an angle at which the light reflected by the total reflection mirror 62 enters the hologram optical element 61.

The wavelength filter 63 corresponds to an example of the “optical filter” in the present invention.

FIG. 24 shows light passing through the combiner 100f according to the sixth embodiment when the real image RI is a general object OB. FIG. 24A shows a view of the light passing from above, and FIG. 24B shows a view of the light passing from the side (FIG. 24 ( In a) and (b), some constituent elements of the combiner 100f are shown in perspective).

As shown in FIGS. 24A and 24B, the light scattered by the general object OB passes through the hologram optical element 61 and the wavelength filter 63 and enters the eye. Thereby, the real image RI of the general object OB is visually recognized. In this case, since the hologram optical element 61 and the wavelength filter 63 hardly reflect the light scattered by the general object OB, the real image RI of the general object OB is visually recognized with almost the original brightness. Therefore, transparency is also ensured by the combiner 100f according to the sixth embodiment.

FIG. 25 shows light passing through the combiner 100f according to the sixth embodiment when the real image RI is the display screen DP. FIG. 25A shows a view of the light passing from above, and FIG. 25B shows a view of the light passing from the side (FIG. 25 ( In a) and (b), some constituent elements of the combiner 100f are shown in perspective).

As shown in FIGS. 25A and 25B, the light of the display screen DP passes through a location where the wavelength filter 63 is not provided (it is cut (reflected) at the location where the wavelength filter 63 is provided). Then, the light enters the part where the total reflection mirror 62 is provided. Thereafter, the light is totally reflected by the total reflection mirror 62, enters the hologram optical element 61, and is reflected. In this case, since the hologram optical element 61 functions as a concave mirror, the magnification can be increased. Then, the light reflected by the hologram optical element 61 enters the eye. Thereby, the virtual image VI corresponding to the display screen DP is visually recognized.

According to the sixth embodiment described above, a desired virtual image VI can be appropriately generated while ensuring transparency, as in the first to fifth embodiments.

On the other hand, according to the sixth embodiment, by using the hologram optical element 61, the optical characteristics similar to those of the internal concave mirror 51 shown in the fifth embodiment can be realized by a plane (film). Can be made thinner. Further, according to the sixth embodiment, since the hologram optical element 61 itself has wavelength selectivity, the wavelength filter 52 as shown in the fifth embodiment is used as an optical element (mirror) for turning back the light. Instead of this, an inexpensive total reflection mirror 62 can be used. Furthermore, in the fifth embodiment, in order to ensure transparency, the internal concave mirror 51 must be translucent, and both the real image RI of the general object OB and the virtual image VI of the display screen DP are darkened. In the sixth embodiment, by using the hologram optical element 61, both the real image RI of the general object OB and the virtual image VI of the display screen DP can be viewed brighter than in the fifth embodiment.

In the above-described combiner 100f, the wavelength filter 63 is used. However, when the display display light has polarization, the wavelength filter 63 may not be used. Further, instead of such a wavelength filter 63, a polarizing filter as shown in the first embodiment may be used.

[Modification]
In the embodiment described above, the combiner is configured as a spectacle type, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the combiner may be configured as a helmet type. In short, it is sufficient that the combiner can be mounted on the user's head.

100, 100a, 100b, 100c, 100d, 100e, 100f Combiner 11, 21, 33 Micro lens 12, 22, 34 Parallel plate 13, 14 Polarizing filter 23, 24, 35, 36, 43, 44, 52, 53, 63 Wavelength filter 51 Internal concave mirror 61 Hologram optical element 62 Total reflection mirror DP Display screen OB General object RI Real image VI Virtual image

Claims (14)

1. A virtual image generating device that visually recognizes an image formed by an image forming unit as a virtual image,
   Optical for separating image light corresponding to the image and scattered light of the object from incident light, transmitting the separated scattered light, and generating the virtual image for the separated image light Optical means for imparting a functional effect,
   The virtual image generating device is configured separately from the image forming unit and configured to be wearable on a user's head.
2. The optical means comprises
   A lens portion having a width smaller than the pupil diameter of the user;
   A non-lens part having no lens function;
   The virtual image generating apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: a first optical filter that is provided in the lens unit and transmits the image light and blocks the scattered light.
3. 3. The virtual image generation according to claim 2, wherein the optical means further includes a second optical filter that is provided in the non-lens portion, shields the image light, and transmits the scattered light. apparatus.
4. The optical means comprises
   A plurality of lens portions having a width smaller than the pupil diameter of the user;
   A plurality of non-lens portions not having a lens function;
   A plurality of first optical filters that shield the scattered light and transmit the image light,
   The lens portions and the non-lens portions are alternately formed in a comb shape on one surface of the optical means,
   The virtual image generating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first optical filter causes the transmitted image light to enter the lens unit.
5. 5. The virtual image generation according to claim 4, wherein the optical means further includes a plurality of second optical filters that shield the image light, transmit the scattered light, and enter the non-lens portion. apparatus.
6. The optical means comprises
   A plurality of first optical filters that are provided on a surface based on a lens, reflect the image light, and transmit the scattered light;
   A plurality of second optical filters that are provided on a surface opposite to the surface on which the first optical filter is provided, reflect the image light, and transmit the scattered light;
   The first optical filter and the second optical filter are configured such that the image light is reflected by the first optical filter and the second optical filter and is incident on the user's eyes,
   The virtual image generating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first optical filter condenses the image light when the image light is reflected.
7. The optical means comprises
   A first optical filter that reflects the image light;
   A half mirror that reflects the image light reflected by the first optical filter and transmits the scattered light;
   The virtual image generating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first optical filter or the half mirror has a function of condensing the image light.
8. The optical means is further provided on the image forming unit side with respect to the half mirror, and further includes a second optical filter that shields the image light and transmits the scattered light. 8. The virtual image generating device according to 7.
9. The optical means comprises
   A total reflection mirror that totally reflects the image light;
   A hologram optical element that reflects the image light reflected by the total reflection mirror and transmits the scattered light; and
   The virtual image generating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the hologram optical element has a function of condensing the image light.
10. 10. The optical device according to claim 9, further comprising an optical filter that is provided closer to the image forming unit than the hologram optical element, shields the image light, and transmits the scattered light. The virtual image generating device described.
11. The virtual image generating apparatus according to any one of claims 2 to 10, wherein the optical filter is a polarizing filter or a wavelength filter.
12. The virtual image generating device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the virtual image generating device is configured in a glasses shape.
13. An image forming unit;
    13. A display system comprising: the virtual image generation device according to claim 1 that causes an image formed by the image forming unit to be visually recognized as a virtual image.
14. The display system according to claim 13, wherein the image forming unit is provided on a dashboard of a vehicle.

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