WO2014114198A1 - 超声波喷洗机 - Google Patents

超声波喷洗机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014114198A1
WO2014114198A1 PCT/CN2014/070494 CN2014070494W WO2014114198A1 WO 2014114198 A1 WO2014114198 A1 WO 2014114198A1 CN 2014070494 W CN2014070494 W CN 2014070494W WO 2014114198 A1 WO2014114198 A1 WO 2014114198A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ultrasonic
nozzle
cleaning
spray
gas
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PCT/CN2014/070494
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李增兴
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Li Zengxing
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Publication of WO2014114198A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014114198A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C17/00—Devices for cleaning, polishing, rinsing or drying teeth, teeth cavities or prostheses; Saliva removers; Dental appliances for receiving spittle
    • A61C17/16—Power-driven cleaning or polishing devices
    • A61C17/20—Power-driven cleaning or polishing devices using ultrasonics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C17/00—Devices for cleaning, polishing, rinsing or drying teeth, teeth cavities or prostheses; Saliva removers; Dental appliances for receiving spittle
    • A61C17/02—Rinsing or air-blowing devices, e.g. using fluid jets or comprising liquid medication
    • A61C17/022—Air-blowing devices, e.g. with means for heating the air
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C17/00—Devices for cleaning, polishing, rinsing or drying teeth, teeth cavities or prostheses; Saliva removers; Dental appliances for receiving spittle
    • A61C17/02—Rinsing or air-blowing devices, e.g. using fluid jets or comprising liquid medication
    • A61C17/024—Rinsing or air-blowing devices, e.g. using fluid jets or comprising liquid medication with constant liquid flow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B3/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
    • B08B3/02—Cleaning by the force of jets or sprays
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B2203/00—Details of cleaning machines or methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
    • B08B2203/02—Details of machines or methods for cleaning by the force of jets or sprays
    • B08B2203/0288—Ultra or megasonic jets

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an ultrasonic spray washing machine that sprays ultrasonic vibration cleaning liquid onto an object for dirt cleaning.
  • the ultrasonic cleaning machine is usually composed of an ultrasonic generator, an ultrasonic transducer, an ultrasonic cleaning tank, and the like. A sufficient amount of cleaning liquid is placed in the cleaning tank, and the whole object to be cleaned is immersed in the cleaning liquid of the cleaning tank. The cleaning liquid is cavitation by strong ultrasonic vibration, and a large number of small holes and holes are broken, and the dirt is carried out. Efficient cleaning of ultrasonic shock. High-intensity ultrasonic vibration has a strong impact and vibration-off effect on the surface of the object when cleaning the dirt. It is required that the object has high hardness and high-strength vibration resistance.
  • the object easily absorbs the ultrasonic wave to form damage, and the fine seam of the object interface is easy to be loosened or even damaged. Since it is necessary to put the cleaning object into the ultrasonic cleaning tank for cleaning, only small objects can be cleaned (for example, the application number) :201220134383.8
  • the announced ultrasonic cleaning machine is suitable for small parts such as hardware parts, lenses, clock parts, jewelry, etc., and large-scale cleaning tanks are required for large objects, which objectively causes large objects (such as airplanes and automobiles) that cannot clean the capacity of the cleaning tank. Large objects such as ships and houses cannot be placed in an ultrasonic cleaner for cleaning). Some objects may only have a few small stains that require ultrasonic cleaning. Most of the other parts are clean and do not need to be cleaned.
  • the ultrasonic cleaning machine cannot clean the dirty parts separately. Only the entire object can be placed in the cleaning tank for cleaning. High-intensity ultrasonic impact is required on the entire object, and unnecessary ultrasonic corrosion damage is also caused to the clean parts, resulting in waste of energy and cleaning fluid, resulting in economic loss. Generally, after the ultrasonic cleaning machine used in the industry completes the cavitation cleaning, it also needs to perform subsequent high-pressure spray washing, rinsing, drying and other processes for cleaning (for example, the Chinese patent application number) :201120167061.9 ), the process is more complicated and the cost is higher.
  • Some ultrasonic toothbrushes have low vibration power, less than 0.3W/cm 2 , which does not reach cavitation, and the cleaning effect is not good, and it is difficult to remove tartar.
  • Ultrasonic cleaning machine also known as ultrasonic cleaning machine, transmits ultrasonic vibration to the high-hardness working head, and uses the ultrasonic vibration of the working head to crush and remove the calculus and tooth stain on the tooth surface, and then pass through the scaling machine.
  • the generated water mist washes off the gravel and plaque to achieve a cleansing effect.
  • High vibration frequency, high strength, good cleaning effect can remove strong tartar and tartar, but with a little carelessness, improper working position of the working head or vibration for a long time at a fixed point of the teeth, it will be on the teeth, gums and Oral damage.
  • the equipment is cumbersome, expensive, inconvenient to carry, and requires professional operation techniques to reduce damage to the gums and mouth. Currently, it is mainly used as a professional equipment in dental hospitals.
  • the problem to be solved by the present invention is how to achieve high-efficiency and fine ultrasonic cleaning effect, and minimize damage to objects, which can clean small objects and clean large objects, while saving energy and cleaning liquid.
  • the device was invented.
  • the technical scheme of the invention is an organic combined ultrasonic cavitation cleaning principle and a high pressure spraying principle, and provides a device for ultrasonic liquid jet washing on the surface of the object, and performs fine and efficient ultrasonic spraying on the local stain, and does not need other clean parts. Cleaning, greatly reducing damage to clean parts, and simultaneously performing ultrasonic cleaning and high-pressure washing in one process, and also providing air-jet drying function, improving cleaning effect and speed, saving energy and cleaning liquid.
  • the device of the invention consists of a nozzle, an ultrasonic transducer and a controller, and can be supplemented with accessories such as various shapes of nozzles, illumination lamps, operating handles, long tubes, water tanks, and air pumps.
  • the nozzle has a nozzle and a nozzle.
  • the ultrasonic transducer converts electrical energy into ultrasonic vibration and transmits it to the cleaning liquid in the nozzle.
  • the cleaning liquid is various liquids known to have a cleaning action, such as water purification or cleaning agent.
  • the cleaning fluid with a certain hydraulic pressure and ultrasonic vibration energy flows into the nozzle and the nozzle, so that the cleaning liquid is collected in a small nozzle and ejected at a high speed, and the ultrasonic energy gathers at the nozzle to form an ultrasonic cavitation, and the cavitation liquid flow jet
  • a small range of ultrasonic cleaning is performed on the surface of the object to be cleaned.
  • the cavitation effect is equivalent to the infinite number of tiny regions rapidly forming holes and rapidly breaking, instantaneously generating high temperatures of several hundred degrees and high pressures of thousands of atmospheres, so that the dirt is impacted, dispersed, emulsified, and stripped to achieve cleaning purposes.
  • the ultrasonic energy When cavitation is applied, the ultrasonic energy is rapidly converted into thermal energy and micro-impact energy, and the ultrasonic propagation loss is large, and the cavitation propagation distance is short.
  • the nozzle and the dirt position are adjusted to achieve an optimum distance and spray strength to form an optimum cleaning effect.
  • the air pump is provided to pressurize the cleaning liquid to increase the spraying speed, and in addition, the gas can be ejected by the nozzle to blow the object clean.
  • the difference between this solution and the professional dental cleaning machine is that the device uses the ultrasonic liquid flow to spray the teeth directionally, instead of contacting and vibrating the teeth through the high-hardness working head for cleaning the teeth.
  • the device uses liquid as the working medium, and the professional scaler mainly uses solid as the working medium, and the water of the scaler mainly assists the flushing effect.
  • the professional tooth washing machine has high vibration intensity and great damage to teeth and mouth. It is not suitable for frequent use. It can be cleaned once or twice a year.
  • the device uses liquid as a working medium, has less damage to teeth and oral cavity, can be used more frequently, and can be cleaned in time when tartar is found.
  • the vibration intensity of the device is slightly smaller, which determines that the device cannot completely replace the professional scale washer. For the too strong and deep tartar, the device is not as effective as the professional scale washer, but for the daily superficial and less solid tartar tartar, The device can also have sufficient cleaning performance and less damage to the teeth.
  • the ultrasonic spray washing machine provided by the invention can be made into corresponding size specifications according to the size of the object, the dirt condition and the operating environment, so as to be more suitable for special situations.
  • it can be made into a toothbrush size; for dental cleaning, it can be made into a dental scaler; for engine cleaning, it can be made into an engine sprayer.
  • the size of the glasses sprayer can be made; for kitchen cleaning, the size of the hand-held sprayer can be made.
  • Can be made into a multi-purpose machine, can also be made into a machine-specific function.
  • the beneficial effect of the device is that the surface of the object is flushed by ultrasonic fine flow, and the double cleaning effect of ultrasonic cavitation cleaning and high-pressure trickle washing can speed up the cleaning speed and support ultrasonic spraying on the local stain of large objects, which can avoid Flushing other clean parts can greatly reduce ultrasonic corrosion damage while avoiding wasted energy and cleaning fluids acting on clean parts.
  • ultrasonic spray, high pressure spray and jet cleaning are all available in one step. It can perform fine and efficient ultrasonic spray cleaning on the surface of various large and small objects, especially the surface of hard materials such as metal, ceramics, glass, stoneware, etc. Wherever it is dirty, it is simple and convenient.
  • the device provided by the invention is used for brushing or cleaning teeth, and the small ultrasonic cavitation water flow is directed to the specified tartar and tartar, which can effectively remove the dirt around the teeth such as food residue, tartar and tartar.
  • a variety of nozzles are available to facilitate the cleaning of tartar and food debris in the teeth, as well as the use of water flow sputtering and flow to dirt locations for cleaning. It has little effect on other parts of the mouth that have not been sprayed, greatly reducing damage to the gums and mouth. It can not only clean the teeth, but also minimize wear and damage to the oral cavity. It has the effect of preventing and treating periodontal disease, and provides sprinkler head illumination for easy observation and cleaning when there is insufficient light. It can be used as a daily brushing and cleaning device for household use, or it can be used for cleaning other objects.
  • this machine When this machine is used to replace the ultrasonic cleaning machine, it can be used as a dental auxiliary device for stomatological hospitals. Replacing the hard working head with a soft liquid as a cleaning medium cleans the teeth and damages the teeth and surrounding objects less than the ultrasonic cleaning machine.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the device.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection control of the device.
  • Figure 3 is a long tube connection diagram.
  • Embodiment 1 The structure of Embodiment 1 is shown in Figure 1, and the connection relationship of the controller is shown in Figure 2.
  • Nozzle 1 The nozzle is made of stainless steel or other high-hardness vibration-proof material.
  • the nozzle contains nozzle 31 and nozzle 32 (The hollow structure is indicated by a broken line), the nozzle is connected to the operating handle 13 by a movable bayonet or thread, and the nozzle can be replaced, which is convenient to be removed for disinfection and cleaning, to prevent secondary pollution of the nozzle and cross infection when used by many people.
  • Right angle nozzle 2 Another shape of the nozzle, right angle shape. For situations where a right angle flush is required.
  • Hook angle nozzle 3 It is another shape of the nozzle, the shape of the hook angle. For situations where flushing is required.
  • Linear nozzle 4 Another shape of the nozzle, straight shape. For situations where straight flushing is required.
  • Brushing head 5 Another type of nozzle, surrounded by bristles 33 around the nozzle. Can use bristles 33 Brushed and used to block water flow sputtering.
  • Porous nozzle 6 It is another type of nozzle. It is equipped with a multi-nozzle nozzle (indicated by a plurality of pointed points on the dotted line). It supports simultaneous injection in multiple directions and is used to spray the nozzle into the inner surface of the hole, bottle, can and tube.
  • U-turn nozzle 7 It is another type of nozzle. It can provide multi-nozzle nozzles (shown by multiple pointed points on the dotted line), support the need for U-turn for multi-nozzle simultaneous jet cleaning, for the inner surface of bottles, cans and tubes. And the cleaning fluid flows out without staining the handle.
  • the above various shapes of nozzles are collectively referred to as various types of nozzles.
  • the bristles 33 can be worn on a variety of spray heads.
  • Illumination light 8 The LED light is installed in the middle of the nozzle, and is connected to the light switch in the controller for lighting in the spray condition.
  • Ultrasonic transducer 9 The ultrasonic generator is connected by wires, and the electric energy is converted into ultrasonic high-frequency vibration, and the vibration energy is transmitted to the cleaning liquid to form a sufficient intensity of the ultrasonic cavitation water with the jet power, and the flow is guided.
  • Liquid valve 10 Used to control the flow rate and pressure of the cleaning fluid, and to reflect and isolate the ultrasonic vibration.
  • Controller 11 It provides man-machine interface and control panel, including power switch, nozzle switch, ultrasonic regulator, circuit board, water pressure regulator, and can also be switched with one button. The connection relationship is shown in Figure 2.
  • Water storage chamber 12 Provide a suitable size cavity (indicated by a broken line) for storing the cleaning liquid, and connect the liquid valve 10 and the water inlet 14 .
  • Handle 13 For movement and manipulation.
  • Inlet 14 Provides a water inlet that can be easily inserted into a small water pipe to supply cleaning fluid.
  • Water pipe 15 The water pipe introduces the cleaning fluid from the water tank to the water inlet.
  • Water tank 16 The water tank is used to store the cleaning liquid. It can be stored at a certain height to increase the water pressure. If the water pressure is insufficient, the sealed water tank needs to be pressurized by the air pump.
  • Air pump 17 The air pump inflates the sealed water tank to generate air pressure and pressurizes it onto the cleaning liquid, so that the cleaning liquid is pressed out from the water tank at a sufficiently high pressure to provide the cleaning liquid injection power.
  • Nozzle 31 It can eject ultrasonic fluid and ordinary fluid, and it has a sharp shape, and it can use the ultrasonic vibration to produce a cavitation jet effect at the nozzle. Large, medium and small nozzle sizes can be made to suit different cleaning conditions. A variety of nozzle shapes such as a circular shape, a rectangular shape, and an elliptical porous type can be provided. Spraying is adapted to the shape and dirt of different objects.
  • Nozzle 32 The cleaning liquid or gas is conducted as a working medium to the nozzle 31, and ultrasonic vibration is conducted.
  • the bristles can be worn around the nozzle (31) for brushing and to prevent splashing of water, or bristles.
  • Gas valve 34 Used to control the purge gas flow and pressure, and to reflect and isolate the ultrasonic vibration.
  • Air reservoir 35 Provide a suitably sized cavity (shown in phantom) for storing purge gas and connecting the gas valve 34 to the air inlet 36 .
  • Air inlet 36 Provides a one-way air inlet that can be easily inserted into the air tube 32 to supply cleaning gas.
  • Trachea 37 Connects the air pump 17 and the air inlet 36 for supplying high pressure gas for air drying and drying.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection control, in which the components in the controller are described as follows:
  • External power supply 21 Provides mains input.
  • Power connector 22 Provides an interface to receive external power. It can be used while charging, or it can be used after charging.
  • Battery 23 Provides a rechargeable battery that receives external charging energy and outputs power to the board, sensors, and vibrator.
  • Main switch 24 Provide multi-way switch button to turn on or off the power supply and water valve, can send multiple control signals, or use multi-position switch to switch.
  • Power Module 25 Provides voltage, current conversion, stabilization, and power matching.
  • Ultrasonic regulator 26 Provides a human-machine interface to mechanically or electronically activate or deactivate the ultrasonic generator and adjust the frequency and intensity of the vibration.
  • the ultrasonic output function can be turned off, and only ordinary water pressure is supplied, and an ordinary cleaning liquid without ultrasonic vibration is ejected.
  • Ultrasonic generator 27 The ultrasonic electric vibration is generated according to the control signal of the ultrasonic regulator, and a current of the corresponding power and frequency is generated and output to the ultrasonic transducer.
  • Water Pressure Regulator 28 Provides a human-machine interface to dynamically adjust water pressure and water flow by mechanical or electronic means.
  • Illumination switch 29 Provides a human-machine interface to control the brightness and darkness of the illumination by mechanical or electronic means.
  • Gas Pressure Regulator 30 Provides a human-machine interface to dynamically adjust gas pressure and gas flow by mechanical or electronic means.
  • the above components form a circuit board and provide a complete set of electronic control logic and drive circuits, including an ultrasonic generator, a control signal processor, and a power module.
  • FIG. 1 is the control connection diagram
  • External power supply 21 is connected to power connector 22; power connector 22 is connected to main switch 24, battery 23 and main switch 24 Connection, the main switch 24 is a multi-way switch, the main switch 24 is connected to the power module 25, the main switch 24 is connected to the light switch 29, the ultrasonic regulator 26, the water pressure regulator 28 The gas pressure regulator 30 provides corresponding electric energy and control signals for the four components, and the light switch 29 controls the light and dark adjustment of the light 8 and the water pressure regulator 28 controls the liquid valve 10 The flow rate is adjusted, the ultrasonic regulator 26 controls the ultrasonic generator 27 The power level and frequency are adjusted, and the ultrasonic generator 27 outputs the ultrasonic energy to the ultrasonic transducer 9 The ultrasonic transducer converts electrical energy into ultrasonic vibration and transmits the vibration energy to the cleaning fluid.
  • nozzles Only one of a variety of nozzles can be provided, and other nozzles can be used as an option.
  • the illuminator 8 is optional and can be operated with other external lighting when there is no illuminator 8 .
  • the water pressure regulator 28 and the valve are optional and can be replaced with a fixed water pressure.
  • the battery is optional and can be powered only by an external power source.
  • the air pump is optional and can be externally pressurized, such as raising the water tank to provide pressure or using tap water pressure.
  • Gas valves, reservoir chambers and air tubes are optional for applications where jet power is not required.
  • FIG. 3 The structure diagram of the embodiment 2 is shown in Fig. 3.
  • a long tube 41 is added to the embodiment 1, and the various nozzles are passed through the longer conduit 41.
  • Connected to the control box 42 and the control box 42 is connected to the water tank 16.
  • the nozzle 1 has an interface to connect the conduit 41, and the same type of nozzle can be used as well.
  • the long tube 41 contains a liquid guiding tube and an air guiding tube for connecting various nozzles and a control box 42 for conveying the cleaning liquid and the ultrasonic wave.
  • the control box 42 contains the controller 11 and the valve components, and the various nozzles are connected to the control box through the long conduit.
  • main switch ( 24 ) Provide multi-speed switch control function, provide convenient and quick one-button switching, pre-configured ultrasonic regulator ( 26 ), liquid valve regulator ( 28 ), gas valve regulator for each gear ( 30 ).
  • the specific operating parameters of the three regulators can also be customized by the user.
  • the system automatically and quickly completes the parameter adjustment of the three regulators. For example: provide 5 Preset files: ultrasonic strong punch, ultrasonic mid-rush, ultrasonic weak flush, high pressure flush, low pressure flush, and provide 5 user-defined parameter files, a total of 10 files, the number of blocks is not limited, can be configured as needed.
  • the optimization of the embodiment 1 can be made into the shape of a toothbrush or a scaler, and it becomes an ultrasonic blasting machine.
  • the implementer can perform various components position adjustment and shape adjustment under the same working principle to achieve the same purpose.
  • the operation steps are as follows: first charge the electricity or connect the power supply, put the pure water or cleaning liquid into the water tank, connect it to the water inlet through the water pipe, and use it while filling the water.
  • Connect the water jet head of the appropriate shape into the interface adjust the ultrasonic regulator and the water pressure regulator to a suitable state.
  • the ultrasonic spray head is aimed at the dirt, and the switch is turned on to perform ultrasonic cleaning.
  • the nozzle can be gently moved while cleaning to continuously spray the teeth from the optimal angle.
  • the ultrasonic regulator and the water pressure regulator can be adjusted at any time according to the situation to maintain a proper flushing state. After the ultrasonic cleaning is completed, the ultrasonic wave can be turned off, and the water flow is separately washed by water pressure. Or use air pressure alone to blow the air.
  • the ultrasonic power and frequency are controlled by the ultrasonic regulator to achieve the optimal ultrasonic cavitation intensity; the spray valve speed is controlled by the water valve regulator, and the optimal spray distance is achieved by adjusting the nozzle and the dirt position.
  • the optimum spray distance is related to ultrasonic power, spray speed, nozzle size and shape, object shape, spray direction, liquid sputtering, and ambient air flow. Normally, the nozzle and stain are 0.5 mm to 50 The best cleaning effect between millimeters. Multi-speed switch control can be used to provide convenient and quick one-button switching. By observing and measuring the flushing effect and time of the dirt, the above factors are combined to achieve the best cleaning effect.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Cleaning By Liquid Or Steam (AREA)

Abstract

一种超声波喷洗机，将清洗液在喷嘴（31）处形成超声波空化作用并喷射到物体进行污物清洁。包括喷头（1）、超声波换能器（9）、控制器（11）、操作柄（13）。以水或清洁液作为工作介质，在喷嘴（31）处产生空化作用的喷射效果。喷头（1）有活动接口，有多种形状可以更换，适应各种角度和物体形状的清洗，可提供气泵（17）和气管（37）进行喷气吹干，提供多档开关，一键切换合适的超声波喷洗参数。

Description

超声波喷洗机 技术领域
本发明涉及一种将超声波振动的清洗液喷射到物体进行污物清洁的超声波喷洗机。
背景技术
现有超声波技术和喷洗技术用于清洁作业时，常用装置有以下几种。
1 、超声波清洗机，通常由超声波发生器、超声波换能器、超声波清洗槽等部分构成。清洗槽中放入足量的清洗液，将被清洗物整体浸泡在清洗槽的清洗液中，清洗液受强大的超声波振动形成空化作用，产生大量小空穴和空穴破裂，对污垢进行超声波冲击的高效洗净。高强度的超声波振动在清洗污垢时，对物体表面有强大的冲击和振脱作用，需要物体具有高硬度和高强度耐振，否则物体容易吸收超声波形成损伤，物体接口细缝容易振松甚至损坏。由于需要将清洗物整体放入超声波清洗槽进行清洗，只能清洗较小的物体（例如申请号 :201220134383.8 公布的超声波清洗机适用于五金零件、镜片、钟表零件、珠宝首饰等小物体），对大型物体就需要大型的清洗槽，客观上造成无法清洗超过清洗槽容量的大物体（例如飞机、汽车、轮船、房屋等大物体无法放入超声波清洗机进行清洗）。某些物体可能只有几个小污点需要超声波清洗，其他大部分部位都很干净不需要清洗，但超声波清洗机无法单独清洗脏污部位，只能将整个物体放入清洗槽清洗，为保证清洗效果需要对整个物体进行高强度的超声波冲击，同时对干净部位也会造成不必要的超声波腐蚀损伤，造成能源和清洗液的浪费，形成经济损失。通常工业上使用的超声波清洗机完成空化作用清洗后，还需要进行后续的高压喷洗、淋洗、烘干等多个工序进行清洗（例如中国专利申请号 :201120167061.9 ），工序较复杂，成本较高。
2 、超声波电动牙刷，通过牙刷头或内含部件的超声波振动，传给含在口中的水产生空化作用进行牙齿清洁。需要在口中含水，浸泡到被清洁的牙齿。超声波的功率密度需要超过空化临界点时，水中形成空化效应，冲击牙齿和口腔，才能形成较明显的清洗效果。相当于把口腔当做超声波清洗槽，会造成较大面积牙龈肉和口腔表面被超声波损伤。例如中国专利申请（申请号 ZL200920135807.0,ZL200820023178.8 、）。某些超声波牙刷震动功率小，低于 0.3W/cm2 ，达不到空化作用，清洁效果不佳，对牙垢难以清除。例如中国专利申请 CN200410021841.7 ， ZL200420032867 等。
3 、超声波洁治机，又称为超声波洗牙机，通过产生超声波振动传递给高硬度工作头，用工作头的超声波振动把牙齿表面的牙结石、牙渍击碎振脱，然后通过洁治机产生的水雾把碎石、菌斑冲刷下来，达到清洁效果。振动频率较高，强度大，清洁效果很好，可以清除坚固的牙石和牙垢，但是稍有不慎，工作头操作位置不当或者在一个牙齿固定点振动过长时间，就会对牙齿、牙龈和口腔造成伤害。设备比较笨重，昂贵，不方便携带，需要专业的操作技术才能减少对牙龈和口腔的伤害，目前主要作为专业设备用于牙科医院。
4 、喷洗机，常用于洗车、工业喷淋、高压喷洗等领域，通过高速细水流强大的冲刷力量，对物体进行冲洗清洁。优点是无需大型的冲洗槽就能对大型物体的局部小污点部位进行高速水流冲洗，但耗水量较大，对小物体的精细清洗则不如超声波清洗机的效果好。
 技术问题
本发明要解决的问题是如何才能做到既有高效精细的超声波清洁效果，又尽量减少对物体的损伤，既能清洗小物体，又能清洁大物体，同时还能节省能源和清洗液。为解决此问题，发明本装置。
技术解决方案
本发明的技术方案是有机结合超声波空化作用清洗原理和高压喷洗原理，提供对物体的表面进行超声波液流喷洗的装置，针对局部污点进行精细高效的超声波喷洗，对其他干净部位无需清洗，大大减少对干净部位的损伤，并以一个工序同时完成超声波清洗和高压冲洗作用，还可以提供喷气吹干功能，提高清洁效果和速度，节省能源和清洗液。
本发明的装置由喷头、超声波换能器、控制器组成，并可以加上多种形状喷头、照明灯、操作柄、长管、水箱、气泵等附件增强功能。所述喷头有喷管和喷嘴，通过超声波换能器，将电能转化为超声波振动并传给喷管中的清洗液，清洗液是各种已知有清洗作用的液体，例如净水或清洗剂，具有一定液压和超声波振动能量的清洗液流入喷管和喷嘴，使清洗液聚集到细小的喷嘴中高速喷射出，在喷嘴处超声波能量聚集形成超声波空化作用，具有空化作用的液体流喷射到被清洁物表面，进行小范围的超声波清洗。空化作用相当于无数个微小区域快速形成空穴并迅速破裂，瞬间产生几百度的高温和上千个大气压的高压，使污物被冲击、分散、乳化、剥离而达到清洗目的。空化作用时，超声波能量快速转变为热能和微冲击能量，超声波传播损耗大，空化作用传播距离短。在喷洗时，通过观察和测量污物的冲洗情况，调节喷嘴与污物位置达到最佳距离和喷洗强度，形成最佳的清洁效果。提供气泵对清洗液进行加压提高喷速，此外还可以用喷管喷出气体，将物体吹干净。
本方案与专业洗牙机的区别在于，本装置利用超声波液流定向喷射牙齿，而不是通过高硬度的工作头接触并振动牙齿进行洁牙。本装置用液体作为工作介质，专业洁牙机主要用固体作为工作介质，洁牙机的水主要是辅助冲洗效果。专业洗牙机的振动强度大，对牙齿和口腔损伤较大，不适合经常使用，每年专业洁牙一到二次即可。本装置用液体作为工作介质，对牙齿和口腔损伤较小，可以较常使用，平时发现有牙垢时可以及时清洗。本装置的振动强度稍小决定了本装置不能完全替代专业洗牙机，对于过于坚固和深层的牙石，本装置效果不如专业洗牙机，但对于日常表浅和不太坚固的牙石牙垢，则使用本装置也能具备足够的清洁性能，并且对牙齿的伤害更小。
本发明提供的超声波喷洗机可以按物体的大小、污物情况和操作环境制作成相应的大小规格，以便更适用于特殊情况。例如针对日常刷牙需要，可以制成牙刷大小；针对牙医洁牙需要，可以制成牙科专用的洁牙机大小；对于发动机清洁需要，可以制成发动机喷洗器的大小。对于眼镜清洁需要，可以制成眼镜喷洗器的大小；对于厨房清洁，可以制成手持喷洗器的大小等。可以制成一机多用，也可以制成一机专用功能。
 有益效果
本装置的有益效果是以超声波细流定位冲洗物体表面，具有超声波空化作用清洗和高压细流冲洗的双重清洁效果，可以加快清洗速度，支持对大物体的局部污点进行超声波喷洗，可以避免对其他干净部位冲洗可以大大减少超声波腐蚀损伤，同时避免浪费能源和清洗液作用于干净部位。无需构建清洗槽，节省了清洗槽的成本。可以一步完成超声波喷洗、高压喷洗和喷气清洁的功能。可以对各种大小型物体表面，特别是金属、陶瓷、玻璃、石器等硬质材料表面的局部污点等进行精细高效的超声波喷洗清洁，哪里脏就喷哪里，简单方便。
本发明提供的装置用于刷牙或洗牙时，细小的超声波空化水流定向喷射到指定的牙垢和牙石处，能高效清除食物残渣、牙垢、牙石等牙齿周边污物。提供多种形状的喷头，可以方便清洗牙缝中的牙垢和食物残渣，也可以利用水流的溅射和流动到污物位置进行清洁。对没有被喷射到的口腔其他部位影响小，大大减轻了对牙龈和口腔的损伤。达到既清洁了牙齿，又可以对口腔尽量减少磨损和伤害，具有辅助预防和治疗牙周病的效果，并提供喷水头照明灯，在光线不足时方便观察定位和清洗。可以作为家用日常刷牙和洁牙的设备，也可以一物多用，用于其他物体的清洁。
本机器用于替代超声波洗牙机时，可以作为洁牙辅助设备用于口腔医院。以柔和的液体替代硬质工作头作为清洁介质，既清洁了牙齿，又对牙齿和周边物体的伤害比超声波洁治机小。
 附图说明
本装置的具体结构由以下的实施例及其附图给出。
图 1 是本装置的结构示意图。
图 2 是本装置的连接控制示意图。
图 3 是长管连接图。
 本发明的最佳实施方式
本发明的实施方式
下面结合附图对具体实施例进行详细说明。
实施例 1 ：
实施例 1 的结构如图 1 所示，控制器连接关系如图 2 所示。
喷头 1 ：喷头由不锈钢或其他高硬度耐振材料制成，喷头内含喷嘴 31 和喷管 32 （用虚线表示中空结构），喷头以活动卡口或螺纹连接到操作柄 13 ，喷头可以更换，方便拆下进行消毒清洁，防止喷头污物二次污染和多人使用时交叉感染。
直角喷头 2 ：是喷头的另一种造型，直角形状。用于需要直角冲洗的情况。
勾角喷头 3 ：是喷头的另一种造型，勾角形状。用于需要勾角冲洗的情况。
直线喷头 4 ：是喷头的另一种造型，直线形状。用于需要直线冲洗的情况。
刷毛喷头 5 ：是喷头的另一种造型，喷嘴周围用刷毛 33 包围。可以用刷毛 33 进行刷洗，并用于阻挡水流溅射。
多孔喷头 6 ：是喷头的另一种造型，提供多喷嘴孔喷头（以虚线多个尖头表示），支持多方向同时喷射，用于将喷头伸进孔穴、瓶子、罐子、管状物的内面进行喷洗。
掉头喷头 7 ：是喷头的另一种造型，可以提供转头多喷嘴喷头（以虚线多个尖头表示），支持需要掉头进行多喷嘴同时喷射清洗的情况，用于瓶子、罐子、管状物的内面喷洗，并将清洗液流出又不会弄脏操作柄。
以上各种形状的喷头统称为各式喷头。刷毛 33 可以佩戴到各式喷水头上。
照明灯 8 ：喷头中部安装 LED 照明灯，连接到控制器中的照明灯开关，用于喷洗情况的照明。
超声波换能器 9 ：通过电线连接超声波发生器，将电能转化为超声波高频震动，将震动能量传导到清洗液中，形成足够强度的具有喷射动力的超声波空化水流，流向导水管。
液阀门 10 ：用于控制清洗液流量和压强，并对超声波振动进行反射和隔离。
控制器 11 ，提供人机接口和控制面板，内含电源开关、喷嘴开关、超声波调节器、电路板、水压调节器，也可以使用多档开关一键切换。连接关系如图 2 所示。
储水腔 12 ：提供合适大小的空腔（用虚线表示），用于存储清洁液，并连接液阀门 10 和进水口 14 。
操作柄 13 ：用于移动和操控把握。
进水口 14 ：提供进水口，可以轻松插入小水管，供应清洗液。
水管 15 ：水管将清洗液从水箱导入到进水口。
水箱 16 ：水箱用于存放清洁液，可以存放在一定的高度增加水压，如果水压不足则需要密封水箱通过气泵加压。
气泵 17 ：气泵将密封水箱充气，产生气压，加压到清洗液上，使清洗液以足够高的压力从水箱压出，提供清洗液喷射动力。
喷嘴 31 ：能喷出超声波流体和普通流体，为尖细形状，可以利用超声波震动在喷嘴处产生空化作用的喷射效果。可以制作大、中、小等多种喷嘴大小，以适应大小不同的清洁情况。可以提供圆形、矩形、椭圆型多孔型等多种喷嘴形状。适应不同的物体形状和脏污情况进行喷洗。
喷管 32 ：将清洁液或气体作为工作介质导流到喷嘴 31 ，并传导超声波振动。
刷毛 33 ：喷嘴（ 31 ）周围可以戴上刷毛，用于刷洗并防止水流溅射，也可以不戴刷毛。
气阀门 34 ：用于控制清洗气流量和压强，并对超声波振动进行反射和隔离。
储气腔 35 ：提供合适大小的空腔（用虚线表示），用于存储清洗气体，并连接气阀门 34 和进气口 36 。
进气口 36 ：提供单向进气口，可以轻松插入气管 32 ，供应清洗气体。
气管 37 ：连接气泵 17 和进气口 36 ，用于提供高压气体，进行喷气吹干和烘干。
图 2 是连接控制的原理图，其中控制器内各部件说明如下：
外部电源 21 ：提供市电输入。
电源接口 22 ：提供接口接收外部的电能，可以一边充电一边使用，也可以充完电后使用。
电池 23 ：提供充电电池，接收外部的充电能源，输出电力供应给电路板、传感器和振动器。
总开关 24 ：提供多路开关按钮，用于接通或切断电源和水阀门，可以发出多档控制信号，也可以使用多档开关一键切换。
电源模块 25 ：提供电压、电流的转换、稳定和功率匹配功能。
超声波调节器 26 ：提供人机接口，通过机械或者电子方式启动或关闭超声波发生器，并可以调节震动的频率和强度。可以关闭超声波输出功能，仅提供普通水压，喷出无超声波振动的普通清洗液。
超声波发生器 27 ：根据超声波调节器的控制信号产生超声波电振动，生成相应功率和频率的电流，输出给超声波换能器。
水压调节器 28 ：提供人机接口，通过机械或者电子方式动态调节水压力和水流量。
照明灯开关 29 ：提供人机接口，通过机械或者电子方式控制照明灯的亮和暗。
气压调节器 30 ：提供人机接口，通过机械或者电子方式动态调节气体压力和气流量。
以上各部件形成电路板，提供整套电子控制逻辑和驱动电路，包括超声波发生器、控制信号处理器、电源模块。
图 2 为控制连接图
外部电源 21 与电源接口 22 连接；电源接口 22 与总开关 24 连接，电池 23 与总开关 24 连接，总开关 24 是多路开关，总开关 24 与电源模块 25 连接，总开关 24 连接照明灯开关 29 、超声波调节器 26 、水压调节器 28 、气压调节器 30 ，为此 4 个部件提供相应的电能和控制信号，照明灯开关 29 控制照明灯 8 的亮暗调节，水压调节器 28 控制液阀门 10 的液流量大小调节，超声波调节器 26 控制超声波发生器 27 功率大小和频率的调节，超声波发生器 27 输出超声波电能给超声波换能器 9 ，超声波换能器将电能转化为超声波振动，并将振动能量传递给清洗液。
以上部件中，部分部件属于可选件。例如：
多种喷头中可以只提供其中的一种，其他喷头可以作为可选件。
照明灯 8 为可选件，没有照明灯 8 时可以用其他外部照明工作。
水压调节器 28 和阀门为可选件，可以用固定水压替代。
电池为可选件，可以只由外部电源供电。
气泵为可选件，可以利用外部压力，例如抬高水箱提供压力或者利用自来水压力。
气阀门、储器腔和气管为可选件，用于不需要喷气功效的场合。
实施例 2
实施例 2 结构图如图 3 所示。在实施例 1 的基础上增加长管 41 ，将各式喷头通过较长的导管 41 与控制箱 42 相连，控制箱 42 与水箱 16 相连。
喷头 1 有接口可以连接导管 41 ，并同样可以有前述各式喷头。
长管 41 内含导液管和导气管，用于连接各式喷头和控制箱 42 ，传输清洗液和超声波。
控制箱 42 内包含了控制器 11 、阀门部件，各式喷头通过长导管连接控制箱。
其他工作原理与实施例 1 相同。
实施例 3
对实施例 1 或例 2 的优化，总开关（ 24 ）提供多档开关控制功能，提供方便快捷的一键切换，对每个档可以预先配置好超声波调节器（ 26 ）、液阀门调节器（ 28 ）、气阀门调节器（ 30 ）三个调节器的特定操作参数，也可以由用户自定义参数，切换档次时系统自动快速准确地完成所述三个调节器的参数调节。例如：提供 5 个预设档：超声波强冲、超声波中冲、超声波弱冲、高压冲洗、低压冲洗，并提供 5 个用户自定义参数档，共 10 个档，挡的个数不限，可以按需要配置。
其他工作原理与实施例 1 相同。
实施例 4
针对洁牙的需要，对实施例 1 的优化，可以制作成牙刷或洁牙机的形状，成为超声波喷牙机。
除以上实施例以外，实施人员可以在相同的工作原理下进行多种部件位置摆布和形状的调整，达到相同目的。
操作步骤
在实际使用时操作步骤如下：先充好电或接好电源，将纯净水或者清洁液放入水箱，通过水管连接到入水口，一边充水一边使用。将合适形状的喷水头接入到接口中，将超声波调节器和水压调节器调节到合适状态，光线不好时可以打开喷水头的照明灯，打开总开关检查超声波喷洗工作正常后，关闭总开关准备喷洗。将超声波喷水头对准污物，打开开关，即可进行超声波清洗。在清洗时可以轻轻移动喷水头，不断从最佳角度喷洗牙齿。可以按情况随时调整超声波调节器和水压调节器，保持合适的冲洗状态，超声波冲洗完成后，可以关闭超声波，单独用水压进行水流冲洗。或单独用气压进行喷气吹干净。
在喷洗时，通过超声波调节器控制超声波功率和频率，实现最佳的超声波空化作用强度；通过水阀调节器控制喷射速度和流量，通过调节喷嘴与污物位置达到最佳喷洗距离，最佳喷洗距离与超声波功率、喷射速度、喷嘴大小和形状、物体形状、喷射方向、液体溅射、周边空气流动情况有关，通常情况下喷嘴与污点在 0.5 毫米到 50 毫米之间有最佳清洁效果。可以利用多档开关控制功能，提供方便快捷的一键切换。通过观察和测量污物的冲洗效果和时间，综合以上因素达到最佳的清洁效果。
 工业实用性
序列表自由内容

Claims (8)

  1. 一种超声波喷洗机，其特征是包含喷头（1）、超声波换能器（9）、控制器（11），所述喷头（1）含有喷嘴（31）和喷管（32），所述控制器（11）含有超声波发生器（27）为超声波换能器（9）提供电能，以清洗液或气体作为工作介质流进所述喷管（32）和所述喷嘴（31），并在喷嘴处形成超声波空化作用喷射到外部物体进行清洁。
  2. 根据权利要求1 所述的装置，其特征是所述喷头（1）有活动接口，还有直角喷头（2）、勾角喷头（3）、直线喷头（4）、刷毛喷头（5）、多孔喷头（6）、掉头喷头（7）的一种或多种造型可以更换，统称为各式喷头，各式喷头都含有喷嘴（31）和喷管（32），以适应各种角度和物体的清洗。
  3. 根据权利要求2 所述的装置，其特征是所述各式喷头的喷嘴（31）提供圆形、矩形、椭圆型多种形状，适应不同的脏污情况进行喷洗，喷嘴（31）周围可以戴上刷毛，用于刷洗并防止清洗液溅射，也可以不戴刷毛，还可以含有操作柄（13）方便操作。
  4. 根据权利要求2 所述的装置，其特征是所述各式喷头的中部还含有照明灯（8）。
  5. 根据权利要求1 或2 所述的装置，其特征是还含有液阀门（10），可以控制液体的流速和液压。
  6. 根据权利要求1 或2 所述的装置，其特征是还含有气阀门（34），可以控制气体的流速和气压，气阀门（34）连接喷管（32）和储气腔（35），储气腔（35）连接进气口（36），进气口
    （36）可以插入气管（37），气管（37）连接气泵（17）供应清洗气体。
  7. 根据权利要求1 所述的装置，其特征是所述控制器（11）还包含电源接口（22）、电池（23）、总开关（24）、电源模块（25）、超声波调节器（26）、液阀门调节器（28），照明灯开关 （29）、气阀门调节器（30）部件中的一项或多项，所述电源接口（22）连接外部电源（21），所述电池（23）连接到总开关（24），可以进行充电或输出电能给装置工作，所述总开关（24），可以关闭本装置全部水和电的运作，也可以打开运作，所述超声波调节器（26）控制超声波换能器输出功率和频率，也可以关闭超声波，使喷水头喷出无超声波振动的普通水流，所述液阀门调节器（28）控制液阀门的流速和液压大小，所述照明灯开关（29）控制照明灯（8）的亮或暗，所述气阀门调节器（30）控制气阀门（34）的流速和气压大小。
  8. 根据权利要求7 所述的装置，其特征是总开关（24）提供多挡开关控制，提供一键切换功能，每个挡可以预先配置好特定操作参数，也可以由用户自定义参数，所述参数包括超声波调节器（26）、液阀门调节器（28）、气阀门调节器（30）三个调节器中的一个或者多个控制参数，换挡时系统自动完成所述控制参数调整。
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