WO2014112251A1 - Oil/water separation device for separating oil from oil/water mixture, and oil/water separation system including said device for separating oil from oil/water mixture - Google Patents

Oil/water separation device for separating oil from oil/water mixture, and oil/water separation system including said device for separating oil from oil/water mixture Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014112251A1
WO2014112251A1 PCT/JP2013/083181 JP2013083181W WO2014112251A1 WO 2014112251 A1 WO2014112251 A1 WO 2014112251A1 JP 2013083181 W JP2013083181 W JP 2013083181W WO 2014112251 A1 WO2014112251 A1 WO 2014112251A1
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Prior art keywords
oil
water
water separator
water mixture
mixture
Prior art date
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PCT/JP2013/083181
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
一善 藤本
山本　博昭
Original Assignee
株式会社 アクセスジャパン
国際環境開発株式会社
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Application filed by 株式会社 アクセスジャパン, 国際環境開発株式会社 filed Critical 株式会社 アクセスジャパン
Priority to CN201390001049.8U priority Critical patent/CN204910872U/en
Priority to KR2020157000029U priority patent/KR200487549Y1/en
Publication of WO2014112251A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014112251A1/en

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
    • B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
    • B01D17/0202—Separation of non-miscible liquids by ab- or adsorption
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
    • B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
    • B01D17/04—Breaking emulsions
    • B01D17/047—Breaking emulsions with separation aids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/68—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition of specified substances, e.g. trace elements, for ameliorating potable water
    • C02F1/681—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition of specified substances, e.g. trace elements, for ameliorating potable water by addition of solid materials for removing an oily layer on water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
    • C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
    • C02F11/125—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering using screw filters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
    • C02F2101/32—Hydrocarbons, e.g. oil
    • C02F2101/325—Emulsions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/32—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from the food or foodstuff industry, e.g. brewery waste waters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
    • C02F2303/18—Removal of treatment agents after treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
    • C02F2303/24—Separation of coarse particles, e.g. by using sieves or screens

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an oil / water separation apparatus for separating oil from an oil / water mixture and an oil / water separation system for separating oil from an oil / water mixture including the apparatus. More specifically, the present invention relates to an oil / water separation apparatus and an oil / water separation system using an oil / water separation agent capable of separating oil by absorbing oil from an oil / water mixture.
  • Oil and water usually do not mix, but when subjected to ultrasonic waves or shear force, one of water or oil becomes fine droplets and is dispersed in the other water phase or oil phase and emulsified. (Emulsion).
  • the oil in such an emulsion is difficult to separate from water.
  • oil-water separation treatment in an oil-water mixture containing an oil-water emulsion is difficult, and many problems are potentially present in waste liquid treatment, oil reuse, and the like.
  • the methods for separating oil and water from an oil-water mixture containing such an oil-water emulsion include vaporization temperature differences, specific gravity differences, the use of microorganisms, chemical treatment, use of electrical appliances, and differences in interface properties.
  • Patent Documents 1 to 6 It is known that it is based on an adsorbent that utilizes the above (for example, Patent Documents 1 to 6).
  • the method of separating oil by such a method has problems such as requiring large-scale equipment, low processing capacity, and processing time. Accordingly, the burden on the environment is increased, and the burden on companies has been increased in terms of cost. For example, when oil-water separation processing is performed in contaminated water in the ocean or rivers, there is no technology for processing a large amount of an oil-water mixture containing an emulsion of oil and water contained in the contaminated water in a short time. It was necessary to take it home as an oil-water mixture.
  • JP 2010-066403 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-188198 JP 2005-058912 A JP 2004-261725 A Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-099788 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 05-138135
  • an object of the present invention is to provide an oil-water separation method capable of solving at least one or all of the following first to third problems. That is, the first problem is to provide an oil-water separator that can completely separate oil and other components including water.
  • a second problem is to provide an oil / water separation apparatus that can easily perform the oil / water separation operation and can finish the treatment in as short a time as possible.
  • the provision of an oil-water separator that can reduce costs through simplified work and short-time processing.
  • a third problem is to provide an oil separation device that can perform oil-water separation treatment of a large amount of oil-water mixture at one time, such as oil-water separation in contaminated water of the ocean or river.
  • the present invention is an oil-water separator for separating oil from an oil-water mixture
  • A An injection part for injecting the oil-water mixture
  • B an oil / water separator including an oil / water separator that separates the oil by absorbing a predetermined amount of oil under pressure from the oil / water mixture injected from the injector
  • C Provided is an apparatus comprising a recovery unit for recovering an oil / water mixture after a predetermined amount of oil is separated in the oil / water separation unit.
  • the oil-water separator of the present invention is, in one embodiment thereof,
  • the oil-water separator contains particles that absorb oil but do not substantially absorb water.
  • oil-water separator of the present invention is, in one embodiment thereof,
  • the oil-water mixture includes an emulsion consisting essentially of oil-water.
  • the pressurized state is a pressurized state of 0.08 MPA to 0.12 MPA.
  • the pressurized state is a pressurized state in which the oil / water separating agent has a volume of 35% to 50% as compared with the non-pressurized oil / water separating agent.
  • the oil-water separator according to the present invention can be obtained by arbitrarily combining one or more features of the present invention described above.
  • an oil / water separation system for separating oil from an oil / water mixture
  • the oil / water separation system comprising the above-described oil / water separation device and a primary treatment device
  • the primary treatment device has a larger oil size in the oil / water mixture prior to the separation of the oil from the oil / water mixture by the oil / water separator.
  • An oil / water separation system is provided, which is an apparatus for treating particles with an oil / water separation agent.
  • the oil-water separation system of the present invention is, in one embodiment thereof, In addition to the oil / water separator and the primary treatment device, a screw press device is further provided.
  • the screw press apparatus recovers oil by pressing an oil / water separator used for separating oil from an oil / water mixture in the oil / water separator or the primary treatment apparatus, and the oil / water separator is The apparatus is characterized in that it can be used again for separation.
  • an oil / water separation system for separating oil from an oil / water mixture
  • the oil / water separation system comprising the oil / water separation device described above and a screw press device
  • the screw press apparatus recovers oil by pressing the oil / water separator provided for the separation of oil from the oil / water mixture in the oil / water separator, and the oil / water separator can be used again for oil separation. It is a device for the purpose.
  • an oil / water separator that can absorb oil from the oil / water mixture is used under pressure, and the oil is separated from the oil / water mixture. Even droplets can be separated efficiently.
  • the oil / water separating agent under pressure can be processed by simply passing the oil / water mixture, so that complicated facilities and operations are not required, and the oil / water separation operation is performed at low cost. be able to.
  • separation of emulsified oil droplets contained in the oil / water mixture can be processed in a large amount and in a short time. Therefore, it is possible to perform on-site treatment of contaminated water in the ocean and rivers containing an oil / water mixture.
  • the oil-water separation system of this invention has a primary processing apparatus in the one embodiment.
  • the primary processing apparatus can separate oil that has not been emulsified (for example, large oil particles) in advance in the primary processing apparatus.
  • the oil droplet emulsified in the oil-water separator can be more efficiently separated. That is, it becomes possible to process a large amount of oil-water mixture in a shorter time.
  • the burden on the environment can be suppressed.
  • the oil-water separation system of this invention is equipped with the screw press apparatus which can collect
  • the screw press apparatus can recover oil from the oil / water separator used for the process of separating oil from the oil / water mixture in the oil / water separator and / or the primary treatment apparatus. This makes it possible to reuse the oil / water separator many times. Moreover, the cost concerning an oil-water separation process can further be suppressed.
  • the oil recovered by the oil / water separator of the present invention is also effective for recycling the oil itself by not using a chemical reaction.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a cross section of an oil / water separator according to an embodiment of the present invention when viewed from the side.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a primary processing apparatus in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2A shows a plan view of the primary processing apparatus
  • FIG. 2B shows a front view of the primary processing apparatus.
  • FIG. 2C shows a front view of a net cage used in an embodiment of a primary processing apparatus according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically illustrating a cross section of the screw press according to the present invention when the screw press apparatus is viewed from the side in one embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically illustrating a cross section of the screw press according to the present invention when the screw press apparatus is viewed from the side in one embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically illustrating an oil / water separation system according to an embodiment of the present invention, which includes a primary treatment device and two oil / water separation devices.
  • the oil / water mixture is injected from the oil / water mixture supply tank that supplies the oil / water mixture into the primary treatment apparatus.
  • the oil / water mixture that has been subjected to the oil / water separation treatment in the primary treatment device is collected into the connecting tank and injected into the oil / water separation device by a pump.
  • this system connects two oil-water separators, the oil-water mixture recovered from the first oil-water separator is subjected to the oil-water separation process again in the second oil-water separator. It has become.
  • the oil / water separator includes (A) an injection part for injecting an oil / water mixture, (B) an oil / water separation part for separating oil from the oil / water mixture injected from the injection part, and (C) oil / water. And a recovery unit for recovering the oil-water mixture after the oil is separated in the separation unit.
  • FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the oil-water separator 10 in detail.
  • the oil-water separator 10 shown in FIG. 1 is an inlet 1 for injecting an oil-water mixture, a tank tank into which the oil-water mixture flows, a tank upper tank above the tank tank divided by the filter, and a filter tank.
  • An oil / water separation unit 2 filled with an oil / water separating agent 2 and an oil / water mixture (or preferably water) from which a predetermined amount of oil is separated by the oil / water separating agent.
  • a recovery unit 3 for recovering.
  • oil / water mixture refers to a mixture in which oil and water coexist, and those containing other components than oil are also included in the oil / water mixture.
  • the oil and water contained in the oil / water mixture may be separated and coexisting, or the oil and water may form an emulsion (oil-water emulsion).
  • the oil / water mixture may include a state where oil and water are separated, or may include an emulsion of oil and water as a part thereof.
  • this emulsion is an emulsion which consists essentially of oil and water.
  • the “emulsion consisting essentially of oil and water” does not restrict that other components are contained in the emulsion in addition to oil and water, but 95% or more and 96% in the emulsion Above, 97% or more, 98% or more, 99% or more, and 99.9% or more are said to contain oil and water.
  • the oil / water emulsion contained in the oil / water mixture may be an oil-in-water (O / W) emulsion or a water-in-oil (O / W) emulsion. Further, the ratio of oil and water constituting the emulsion is not particularly limited.
  • oil-water mixture applied to the present invention is not limited to the following, but includes, for example, contaminated water derived from the ocean and rivers contaminated by an oil spill accident, waste liquid from factories, vegetable oils discharged from restaurants, food factories, etc. And a mixture in which all kinds of oil and water coexist.
  • the injection part 1 in the oil / water separator 10 has a structure capable of injecting an oil / water mixture, and the structure is not limited as long as the oil / water mixture can be injected into the oil / water separator.
  • the injection unit 1 may be installed in the oil / water separator 10 so that the oil / water mixture is injected into a location away from the inner wall of the oil / water separator 10.
  • the injection unit 1 may be installed in the oil / water separator 10. Can be installed at the top. In this case, it is particularly preferable that the oil-water separator 10 is located at the center of the upper part.
  • the inner diameter of the injection part 1 through which the oil / water mixture passes can be appropriately designed according to the oil / water mixture applied to the present invention and the injection amount thereof.
  • the injection unit 1 is preferably connectable with a hose that carries the oil / water mixture into the oil / water separator from the outside, and has, for example, a hose coupling structure.
  • the means for injecting the oil / water mixture into the injection unit 1 is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to inject the oil / water mixture using a pump.
  • the pump to be used can be appropriately selected by those skilled in the art in consideration of a preferable lifting capacity and a preferable injection amount of the oil / water mixture.
  • the oil / water mixture injected from the injection unit 1 flows into the tank upper tank.
  • the space in the tank of the oil / water separator is divided into the tank upper tank and the oil / water separator 2 by a filter.
  • the oil / water mixture flowing into the tank upper tank passes through the filter and flows into the oil / water separation section 2 filled with the oil / water separation agent.
  • the oil-water mixture is passed through the oil-water separator 2 on the filter, but there are openings (holes) with a size that does not allow the oil-water separator to pass through.
  • the size of the openings on the filter can be appropriately set depending on the oil / water separating agent used. For example, when using an oil / water separating agent (AZ powder) provided by International Environment Development Co., Ltd. as the oil / water separating agent, the mesh opening is preferably 0.2 mm or less.
  • the oil / water mixture comes into contact with the oil / water separator in the oil / water separator 2 filled with the oil / water separator.
  • oil is absorbed to an oil-water separation agent from an oil-water mixture, and oil isolate
  • the porosity in the oil / water separator 2 filled with the oil / water separator is low, the oil / water separator 2 is pressurized by the inflowing oil / water mixture.
  • an oil / water separating agent having a low porosity such as the oil / water separating agent (AZ powder) provided by International Environment Development Co., Ltd. as an oil / water separating agent, the low porosity of the oil / water separating agent itself is also added.
  • the oil / water separator 2 is likely to be in a pressurized state.
  • the density of the oil-water separator is increased by the pressure, and the fine pores of the oil-water separator are finer.
  • the micropores of the oil / water separating agent thus formed under pressure are in an optimum state for adsorbing oil droplets in an oil-in-water emulsion in particular.
  • a pressurization state can be suitably set with the oil-water separation agent to be used, for example, when using the oil-water separation agent (AZ powder) which an international environment development company provides, it is from 0.08MPA. It is preferably 0.12 MPA.
  • the pressurized state is preferably a pressurized state in which the oil / water separating agent has a volume of 35% to 50% as compared to the non-pressurized oil / water separating agent, and a volume of 40% to 45%. More preferably, it is in a pressurized state.
  • the structure in the tank is not limited as long as a space where the oil-water separation agent is in a pressurized state can be designed. Therefore, for example, the tank upper tank can be eliminated (the inlet portion and the filter are integrated), or a filter can be installed under the oil / water separator to form the tank lower tank. .
  • the pressurized state is not limited to the water pressure due to the inflow of the oil / water mixture, and the pressurized state by a method well known to those skilled in the art, such as mechanical pressure, is also included in the present invention.
  • a method of applying pressure into the oil / water separator 2 by tightening a screw or the like a method of applying pressure to the oil / water separator 2 and applying pressure to the oil / water separator 2
  • the oil / water separation agent that can be used in the present invention includes particles and powder having fine pores that can physically absorb oil, and that does not substantially absorb water, and includes oil / water separation.
  • the oil is not particularly limited as long as it can release oil once absorbed by applying pressure to the agent.
  • an oil / water separator it is particularly preferable to use an oil / water separator (AZ powder) available from International Environment Development Co., Ltd.
  • the inner wall in the oil / water separator 2 has a lower coefficient of friction than the powder, and the density between the inner wall and the powder tends to be the lowest. For this reason, an oil-water mixture passes through this low-density location, forms what is called a water supply, and the location which does not touch an oil-water separation agent will arise. In order to suppress such a phenomenon, it is preferable to reduce the surface area of the inner wall of the oil / water separator 2.
  • the inner wall preferably has a circular shape.
  • the oil / water mixture in contact with the oil / water separator is an oil / water mixture in which a predetermined amount of oil is absorbed by the oil / water separator and the predetermined amount of oil is separated (preferably an aqueous solution substantially free of oil. Can be obtained.
  • the oil-water mixture from which a predetermined amount of oil has been separated is recovered from the recovery port 3 in the oil-water separator.
  • the recovery port 3 allows the oil / water mixture to pass into the oil / water separator 2, but has a plurality of openings that do not allow the oil / water separator to pass through, so only the oil / water mixture from which a predetermined amount of oil has been separated is provided. Is recovered from the recovery port 3.
  • the size of the opening of the collection port 3 may be the same as that of the filter or may be different.
  • the recovery port 3 is preferably installed in a shape inserted into the oil / water separator 2 at a location separated from the inner wall of the oil / water separator 2, and the opening portion is further away from the bottom of the oil / water separator. It is preferable that the place is vacant.
  • the oil-water separator 10 can separate a predetermined amount of oil from the oil-water mixture.
  • a plurality of oil / water separators 10 can be connected in series, and the oil in the oil / water mixture can be separated repeatedly.
  • the recovery port 3 of the oil / water separator 10 used first and the inlet 1 of the oil / water separator 10 used next are connected by a hose or the like. Do it.
  • separating oil from an oil-water mixture Comprising: A system provided with said oil-water separation apparatus 10 and the primary treatment apparatus 20 is provided.
  • the primary treatment device 20 has a large oil in the oil / water mixture prior to the oil separation from the oil / water mixture by the oil / water separation device 10.
  • An apparatus for treating particles with a primary treatment oil / water separator FIG. 2 shows one embodiment of the primary processing device 20 in detail. The primary treatment apparatus 20 shown in FIG.
  • a primary treatment oil / water separation unit 21 containing an oil / water separation agent in a primary treatment tank having an open top, and a fixing for fixing the primary treatment oil / water separation unit 21 to the primary treatment tank.
  • a primary treatment recovery port for recovering the oil / water mixture from which the oil has been separated by the oil / water separating agent.
  • the primary treatment oil / water separation unit 21 includes a primary treatment oil / water separation agent in the structure thereof, and has a structure capable of separating the oil in the oil / water mixture injected into the primary treatment oil / water separation unit 21.
  • the primary treatment oil / water separator 21 does not pass the oil / water separator, but has a structure for passing the oil / water mixture from which the oil is separated by the oil / water separator.
  • Such a primary treatment oil / water separation section is not limited to the following, but has, for example, a shape of a mesh basket or the like.
  • the size of the net cage is preferably a size including an oil / water separating agent in an amount that can be charged at once into a screw press shown below. In addition, it is preferable that one worker can carry it. By making the size of the net cage as described above, work efficiency can be increased, which is preferable.
  • a plurality of appropriately sized net cages can be simultaneously installed in the primary treatment tank to form the oil / water separator 21.
  • the primary treatment oil / water separator 21 is fixed to the primary treatment tank by a fixture.
  • the oil / water mixture can be directly injected into the primary treatment oil / water separator 21.
  • the primary treatment apparatus can be used mainly for the purpose of separating oil particles having a large size contained in the oil / water mixture. It is preferable to remove the oil from the oil particles having a large size, since the separation efficiency of the oil droplets in the emulsion in the oil / water separator is greatly improved.
  • “large oil particles” refers to oil contained in an oil / water mixture and not emulsified (emulsified) in water.
  • oil particles are separated from, for example, the oil phase forming the water-in-oil emulsion contained in the oil-water mixture and the water contained in the oil-water mixture.
  • Existing oils are also included.
  • the oil to be separated is not limited to oil particles having a large size, and may be one that separates oil droplets in the emulsion.
  • the same oil-water separator used in the above-described oil / water separator may be used, or a different one may be used.
  • the oil is separated in the primary treatment oil / water separation unit 21, and the oil / water mixture flowing into the primary treatment tank is recovered from the primary treatment recovery port.
  • the primary treatment recovery port can be connected to the inlet 1 of the oil / water separator by a hose or the like.
  • the oil / water mixture is collected into a tank for storing the oil / water mixture collected primarily from the primary processing device such as the connecting tank 42, and then the oil / water mixture is supplied from the pump 43 to the inlet 1 of the oil / water separator 10. Can also be injected.
  • an oil-water separation system for separating oil from an oil-water mixture
  • a system including a screw press device 30 is provided.
  • the screw press device 30 recovers oil by pressing the oil / water separator used for separating oil from the oil / water mixture in the oil / water separator 10, and the oil / water separator can be used again for oil separation. It is a device for making things.
  • the screw press apparatus 30 it is preferable to press the oil / water separating agent that absorbs the oil so that about 20% of the liquid remains in the oil / water separating agent.
  • the structure of a screw press will not be restrict
  • the oil / water separating agent that can be reused by the screw press device may be the primary treatment oil / water separating agent used in the primary processing device 20.
  • the oil / water separator used in the oil / water separator is used in the primary processor, and the oil / water separator used in the primary processor is used. It is preferable to return to a usable state again with a screw press and to circulate the oil so that it can be used again in the oil-water separator.
  • the oil in the oil / water mixture can be made to be equal to or lower than the discharge standard of the target oil, and more preferably.
  • the recovered oil / water mixture is substantially free of oil or completely free of oil.
  • the concentration of oil in the oil / water mixture can be measured by methods well known to those skilled in the art, for example, by measurement of normal hexane extract.
  • any numerical value used for indicating a numerical range or the like is interpreted as including the meaning of the term “about” unless otherwise specified.
  • “10 times” is understood to mean “about 10 times” unless otherwise specified.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a cross section of the structure of the oil / water separator used in the present embodiment as viewed from the side.
  • an oil / water separator (AZ powder) manufactured by Kokusai Environmental Development Co., Ltd. was used as the oil / water separator.
  • the oil / water separator was filled in the oil / water separator to prepare the oil / water separator 10.
  • a filter (mesh tension, mesh opening 0.1 mm) was installed on the upper side of the oil / water separator 10.
  • the oil-water separator used the whole capacity
  • the oil-water mixture derived from A heavy oil was used as the target oil-water mixture. In addition, it was 18.4 ppm when the oil component in an oil-water mixture was measured with the normal hexane extract material.
  • the concentration of heavy oil described below was also measured in the same manner. Specifically, the oil was separated from the oil / water mixture derived from the A heavy oil as described below. From the injection port 1, the oil / water mixture derived from A heavy oil was continuously injected. At this time, the oil / water mixture was injected into the injection port 1 with a water pressure of 0.1 MPa using a 2-inch submersible pump. The oil / water mixture that passed through the filter uniformly flowed into the oil / water separator 2 filled with the oil / water separator.
  • the oil / water mixture that flowed into the oil / water separator 2 filled with the oil / water separator was brought into contact with the oil / water separator, whereby the oil in the oil / water mixture was absorbed into the oil / water separator. Thereby, only the oil-water mixture from which a predetermined amount of oil was separated was recovered from the recovery port 3.
  • the concentration of heavy oil A in the oil / water mixture recovered from the recovery port 3 was 2.9 ppm. Further, by continuously injecting the oil / water mixture, 3600 L of the oil / water mixture from which a predetermined amount of oil was separated could be recovered in one hour.
  • Example 1-2 Separation of oil from oil-water mixture using two oil-water separators
  • two oil / water separators were connected. Connected. Except having used the two oil-water separators produced as mentioned above, it processed similarly to Example 1 and isolate
  • the structure of the second oil / water separator is the same as that of the oil / water separator used in Example 1.
  • the concentration of heavy oil in the oil-water mixture recovered in Example 1 was 2.9 ppm, whereas the concentration of heavy oil in the oil-water mixture recovered from the recovery port of the second oil-water separator was 0. 0.8 ppm.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram (a plan view, a front view, and a right side view) of a net cage type primary treatment apparatus 20 (that is, a primary treatment apparatus that uses a net cage as a primary treatment oil / water separator) used in this embodiment. And the front view of the net cage 21 used for the net cage type primary processing device 20 is shown. 1 kg of the oil / water separating agent was filled in the net cage (size: 30 cm ⁇ 30 cm ⁇ 80 cm) which is the primary treatment oil / water separation unit 21.
  • the oil-water separation agent (AZ powder) by an international environment development company was used as an oil-water separation agent.
  • Eight net cages filled with the oil / water separator were installed inside the tank (capacity 1000 L) which is the main body of the net cage type primary treatment apparatus 20. Aluminum frame fixtures were used to install the cage. In this way, a cage-type primary processing apparatus 20 was prepared.
  • the oil-water mixture derived from A heavy oil was used as a target oil-water mixture.
  • concentration of A heavy oil contained in an oil-water mixture was 32.3 ppm.
  • the oil / water mixture derived from A heavy oil was continuously injected into the mesh cage using a submersible pump.
  • the oil-water mixture that flowed into the mesh cage filled with the oil-water separator was brought into contact with the oil-water separator, so that the oil in the oil-water mixture was absorbed into the oil-water separator. Thereby, only the oil-water mixture from which a predetermined amount of oil was separated was discharged from the net cage and finally recovered from the primary processing recovery port of the net cage type primary processing apparatus 20.
  • the concentration of heavy oil A in the oil-and-water mineral recovered from the primary treatment recovery port was 18.4 ppm.
  • the oil / water mixture from which a predetermined amount of oil was separated could be recovered at an amount of 200 L / min, which is equal to the inflow amount of the oil / water mixture.
  • the oil / water mixture (including the emulsion) recovered from the primary recovery port of the net cage type primary treatment device 20 can be directly injected into the oil / water separator in the same manner as the oil / water mixture of Example 1.
  • Example 3 Separation of oily component from oil-water separation agent by screw press device
  • the oil / water separator used in Example 2 was recovered and pressed with a screw press device to return the oil / water separator to a reusable state. More specifically, using a screw press shown in FIG. 3, 10 L and 6 kg of an oil / water separation agent having adsorbed oil were administered to an administration port of the screw press. The oil / water separation agent administered from the administration port is pushed out into the drum by a screw. At this time, oil is released from the oil / water separator by the pressure of the screw.
  • the oil / water separator was subjected to a pressure that was not too strong so as not to lose the elasticity and restoring force of the oil / water separator. This prevented excessive damage to the oil / water separator.
  • 3 kg of the oil / water separating agent released from the oily component could be recovered from the outlet for the oil / water separating agent.
  • the oil / water separator recovered from the outlet for the oil / water separator contained only a small amount of oil and was in a state where it could be reused.
  • the oil released from the oil / water separator in the drum could be recovered from a recovery port for oil recovery installed in the lower part of the drum. The amount of oil recovered was 2L.

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Abstract

[Problem] To provide an oil/water separation method by which an oil/water mixture comprising an oil and water can be separated into the oil and the other substance(s) and in which the operation is easy, the oil/water separation treatment can be finished in a minimum time period, a cost reduction is rendered possible, and the treatment can be conducted in a massive amount at a time. Especially provided is a method by which the oil droplets contained in an emulsion can be efficiently separated. [Solution] The oil/water separation device is for oil separation from an oil/water mixture, and is characterized by comprising (A) an injection part for injecting the oil/water mixture, (B) an oil/water separation part which includes an oil/water separating agent that, in a pressurized state, absorbs and thereby separates a given amount of an oil from the oil/water mixture injected through the injection part, and (C) a recovery part for recovering the oil/water mixture from which the given amount of an oil has been separated in the oil/water separation part.

Description

油水混合物から油を分離するための油水分離装置および該装置を含む油水混合物から油を分離するための油水分離システムOil / water separation device for separating oil from oil / water mixture and oil / water separation system for separating oil from oil / water mixture including the device
　本発明は、油水混合物から油を分離するための油水分離装置および該装置を含む油水混合物から油を分離するための油水分離システムに関する。さらに詳しくは、油水混合物から油を吸収することにより油を分離することが可能な油水分離剤を用いた油水分離装置および油水分離システムに関する。 The present invention relates to an oil / water separation apparatus for separating oil from an oil / water mixture and an oil / water separation system for separating oil from an oil / water mixture including the apparatus. More specifically, the present invention relates to an oil / water separation apparatus and an oil / water separation system using an oil / water separation agent capable of separating oil by absorbing oil from an oil / water mixture.
　油と水は通常混じり合うことはないが、超音波やせん断力を受けると、水または油の一方が、微細な液滴となって、他方の水相または油相の中に分散し、乳化状（エマルション）をなす。このようなエマルション中の油は、水と分離させることが難しい。このことにより、油と水とのエマルションを含む油水混合物における油水分離処理は難しく、廃液の処理や油の再利用などで多くの問題が潜在的に存在する。
　このような油と水とのエマルションを含む油水混合物から油と水とを分離する方法としては、気化温度の差、比重の差、微生物の利用、化学処理、電器の利用、界面の性質の違いを利用した吸着剤によるもの、などが知られている（例えば、特許文献１～６）。しかしながら、このような方法による油の分離方法は、大規模な設備が必要であることや、処理能力が低く、処理に時間がかかるなどの問題がある。従って、環境に与える負荷も大きくなり、また、コストの面で企業等に負担を強いてきた。例えば、海洋や河川の汚染水における油水分離処理を行う場合、汚染水中に含まれる油と水とのエマルションを含む油水混合物を短時間で大量に処理する技術が無かったため、油以外の水等も油水混合物のまま持ち帰る事が必要であった。 Oil and water usually do not mix, but when subjected to ultrasonic waves or shear force, one of water or oil becomes fine droplets and is dispersed in the other water phase or oil phase and emulsified. (Emulsion). The oil in such an emulsion is difficult to separate from water. As a result, oil-water separation treatment in an oil-water mixture containing an oil-water emulsion is difficult, and many problems are potentially present in waste liquid treatment, oil reuse, and the like.
The methods for separating oil and water from an oil-water mixture containing such an oil-water emulsion include vaporization temperature differences, specific gravity differences, the use of microorganisms, chemical treatment, use of electrical appliances, and differences in interface properties. It is known that it is based on an adsorbent that utilizes the above (for example, Patent Documents 1 to 6). However, the method of separating oil by such a method has problems such as requiring large-scale equipment, low processing capacity, and processing time. Accordingly, the burden on the environment is increased, and the burden on companies has been increased in terms of cost. For example, when oil-water separation processing is performed in contaminated water in the ocean or rivers, there is no technology for processing a large amount of an oil-water mixture containing an emulsion of oil and water contained in the contaminated water in a short time. It was necessary to take it home as an oil-water mixture.
特開第２０１０－０６４０３３号公報JP 2010-066403 A 特開第２００２－１８８１９８号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-188198 特開第２００５－０５８９１２号公報JP 2005-058912 A 特開第２００４－２６１７２５号公報JP 2004-261725 A 特開第２００４－０９７９８８号公報Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-099788 特開平第０５－１３８１３５号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 05-138135
　上記問題点に鑑み、本発明の課題は、次の第１～第３の課題の少なくとも一つ、またはその全てを解決できる油水分離方法の提供である。
　すなわち、第１の課題は、油と水を含むその他のものとを完全に分離することができる油水分離装置の提供。
　また、第２の課題は、油水分離の作業が簡単であり、できるだけ短時間で処理を終えることができる油水分離装置の提供。また、作業の簡易化と短時間処理により低コスト化を実現できる油水分離装置の提供。
　また、第３の課題は、海洋や河川の汚染水における油水分離等、一度に大量の油水混合物の油水分離処理を行うことができる油部分離装置の提供。 In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide an oil-water separation method capable of solving at least one or all of the following first to third problems.
That is, the first problem is to provide an oil-water separator that can completely separate oil and other components including water.
A second problem is to provide an oil / water separation apparatus that can easily perform the oil / water separation operation and can finish the treatment in as short a time as possible. In addition, the provision of an oil-water separator that can reduce costs through simplified work and short-time processing.
A third problem is to provide an oil separation device that can perform oil-water separation treatment of a large amount of oil-water mixture at one time, such as oil-water separation in contaminated water of the ocean or river.
　上記課題を解決するために、本発明者らは、鋭意検討の結果、油水混合物から油を吸収することより油を分離することが可能な油水分離剤を利用した油水分離装置において、油水分離剤を加圧状態下におくことにより、油水分離剤のエマルション中の油滴に対する吸収力を向上できることを見出した。
　すなわち、本発明は、油水混合物から油を分離するための油水分離装置であって、
　（Ａ）前記油水混合物を注入するための注入部、
　（Ｂ）前記注入部より注入された油水混合物から、加圧状態下において、所定量の油を吸収することにより油を分離する油水分離剤を含む油水分離部、および、
　（Ｃ）前記油水分離部において所定量の油が分離された後の油水混合物を回収するための回収部を備えることを特徴とする装置を提供する。 In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the present inventors, as a result of intensive studies, in an oil / water separator using an oil / water separator capable of separating oil by absorbing oil from an oil / water mixture, It has been found that the ability to absorb oil droplets in the emulsion of the oil / water separating agent can be improved by placing the oil under pressure.
That is, the present invention is an oil-water separator for separating oil from an oil-water mixture,
(A) An injection part for injecting the oil-water mixture,
(B) an oil / water separator including an oil / water separator that separates the oil by absorbing a predetermined amount of oil under pressure from the oil / water mixture injected from the injector; and
(C) Provided is an apparatus comprising a recovery unit for recovering an oil / water mixture after a predetermined amount of oil is separated in the oil / water separation unit.
　また、本発明の油水分離装置は、その一実施の形態において、
　前記油水分離剤が、油を吸収するが、水を実質的に吸収しない粒子を含むことを特徴とする。 Moreover, the oil-water separator of the present invention is, in one embodiment thereof,
The oil-water separator contains particles that absorb oil but do not substantially absorb water.
　また、本発明の油水分離装置は、その一実施の形態において、
　前記油水混合物が油水から実質的になるエマルションを含むことを特徴とする。 Moreover, the oil-water separator of the present invention is, in one embodiment thereof,
The oil-water mixture includes an emulsion consisting essentially of oil-water.
　また、本発明の油水分離装置は、その一実施の形態において、
　前記加圧状態が、０．０８ＭＰＡ～０．１２ＭＰＡの加圧状態であることを特徴とする。 Moreover, the oil-water separator of the present invention is, in one embodiment thereof,
The pressurized state is a pressurized state of 0.08 MPA to 0.12 MPA.
　また、本発明の油水分離装置は、その一実施の形態において、
　前記加圧状態が、前記油水分離剤を、非加圧状態の油水分離剤と比べて３５％～５０％の体積とする加圧状態であることを特徴とする。 Moreover, the oil-water separator of the present invention is, in one embodiment thereof,
The pressurized state is a pressurized state in which the oil / water separating agent has a volume of 35% to 50% as compared with the non-pressurized oil / water separating agent.
　なお、以上述べた本発明の一又は複数の特徴を、任意に組み合わせたものも、本発明の油水分離装置であることはいうまでもない。 Needless to say, the oil-water separator according to the present invention can be obtained by arbitrarily combining one or more features of the present invention described above.
　また、本発明の別の態様によれば、油水混合物から油を分離するための油水分離システムであって、前記油水分離システムは、上記の油水分離装置、および、一次処理装置を備え、
　前記一次処理装置は、前記油水分離装置による油水混合物からの油の分離をより効果的にするために、前記油水分離装置による油水混合物からの油の分離に先だって、油水混合物中のサイズの大きな油粒子を油水分離剤によって処理するための装置であることを特徴とする、油水分離システムを提供する。 According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an oil / water separation system for separating oil from an oil / water mixture, the oil / water separation system comprising the above-described oil / water separation device and a primary treatment device,
In order to more effectively separate the oil from the oil / water mixture by the oil / water separator, the primary treatment device has a larger oil size in the oil / water mixture prior to the separation of the oil from the oil / water mixture by the oil / water separator. An oil / water separation system is provided, which is an apparatus for treating particles with an oil / water separation agent.
　また、本発明の油水分離システムは、その一実施の形態において、
　上記の油水分離装置および一次処理装置に加えて、さらに、スクリュープレス装置を備え、
　前記スクリュープレス装置は、前記油水分離装置または前記一次処理装置において油水混合物からの油の分離に供された油水分離剤をプレスすることにより、油を回収し、また、当該油水分離剤を油の分離に再び利用できるものとするための装置であることを特徴とする。 Moreover, the oil-water separation system of the present invention is, in one embodiment thereof,
In addition to the oil / water separator and the primary treatment device, a screw press device is further provided.
The screw press apparatus recovers oil by pressing an oil / water separator used for separating oil from an oil / water mixture in the oil / water separator or the primary treatment apparatus, and the oil / water separator is The apparatus is characterized in that it can be used again for separation.
　また、本発明の別の態様によれば、油水混合物から油を分離するための油水分離システムであって、前記油水分離システムは、上記の油水分離装置、および、スクリュープレス装置を備え、
　前記スクリュープレス装置は、前記油水分離装置において油水混合物からの油の分離に供された油水分離剤をプレスすることにより、油を回収し、また、当該油水分離剤を油の分離に再び利用できるものとするための装置であることを特徴とする。 According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an oil / water separation system for separating oil from an oil / water mixture, the oil / water separation system comprising the oil / water separation device described above and a screw press device,
The screw press apparatus recovers oil by pressing the oil / water separator provided for the separation of oil from the oil / water mixture in the oil / water separator, and the oil / water separator can be used again for oil separation. It is a device for the purpose.
　本発明の発明によれば、油水混合物中より油を吸収することができる油水分離剤を加圧状態下において使用し、油水混合物より油の分離を行うため、油水混合物中のエマルションに含まれる油滴であっても効率的に分離することができる。
　また、本発明によれば、加圧状態下にある油水分離剤に対して、油水混合物を通すだけの処理で済むため、複雑な施設や作業を必要とせず、低コストで油水分離作業を行うことができる。
　さらに、本発明によれば、油水混合物中に含まれるエマルション化した油滴の分離を大量かつ短時間で処理することができる。したがって、油水混合物を含む海洋や河川の汚染水の処理等を、現地で行うことを可能とする。 According to the invention of the present invention, an oil / water separator that can absorb oil from the oil / water mixture is used under pressure, and the oil is separated from the oil / water mixture. Even droplets can be separated efficiently.
Further, according to the present invention, the oil / water separating agent under pressure can be processed by simply passing the oil / water mixture, so that complicated facilities and operations are not required, and the oil / water separation operation is performed at low cost. be able to.
Furthermore, according to the present invention, separation of emulsified oil droplets contained in the oil / water mixture can be processed in a large amount and in a short time. Therefore, it is possible to perform on-site treatment of contaminated water in the ocean and rivers containing an oil / water mixture.
　なお、本発明の油水分離システムは、その一実施の態様において、一次処理装置を有する。一次処理装置は、例えば、エマルション化していない油（例えば、サイズの大きな油粒子）を予め一次処理装置において分離することができる。これにより、さらに効率よく油水分離装置においてエマルション化した油滴の分離を行うことができる。すなわち、大量の油水混合物をさらに短時間で処理することが可能となる。また、大量の油水混合物を短時間で処理することが可能であるため、環境への負荷を抑えることができる。 In addition, the oil-water separation system of this invention has a primary processing apparatus in the one embodiment. For example, the primary processing apparatus can separate oil that has not been emulsified (for example, large oil particles) in advance in the primary processing apparatus. Thereby, the oil droplet emulsified in the oil-water separator can be more efficiently separated. That is, it becomes possible to process a large amount of oil-water mixture in a shorter time. Moreover, since it is possible to process a large amount of oil-water mixture in a short time, the burden on the environment can be suppressed.
　また、本発明の油水分離システムは、その一実施の態様において、油水分離剤に含まれる油を回収可能なスクリュープレス装置を備えている。スクリュープレス装置は、油水分離装置および／または一次処理装置において油水混合物より油を分離する処理に供した油水分離剤から油を回収することができる。これにより油水分離剤を何度も再利用することを可能とする。また、油水分離処理にかかるコストをさらに抑えることができる。
　さらに、本発明の油水分離装置により回収された油は、化学反応を用いないことにより、油自体の再生利用にも有効である。 Moreover, the oil-water separation system of this invention is equipped with the screw press apparatus which can collect | recover the oil contained in an oil-water separation agent in the embodiment. The screw press apparatus can recover oil from the oil / water separator used for the process of separating oil from the oil / water mixture in the oil / water separator and / or the primary treatment apparatus. This makes it possible to reuse the oil / water separator many times. Moreover, the cost concerning an oil-water separation process can further be suppressed.
Furthermore, the oil recovered by the oil / water separator of the present invention is also effective for recycling the oil itself by not using a chemical reaction.
図１は、本発明の一実施の形態における、油水分離装置を側面から見た際の断面を模式的に示した図である。FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a cross section of an oil / water separator according to an embodiment of the present invention when viewed from the side. 図２は、本発明の一実施の形態における、一次処理装置の模式図を示す。図２Ａは一次処理装置の平面図を示し、図２Ｂは一次処理装置の正面図を示す。また、図２Ｃは、本発明に係る一次処理装置の一実施の形態において使用される、網かごの正面図を示すFIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a primary processing apparatus in an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2A shows a plan view of the primary processing apparatus, and FIG. 2B shows a front view of the primary processing apparatus. FIG. 2C shows a front view of a net cage used in an embodiment of a primary processing apparatus according to the present invention. 図３は、本発明に係るスクリュープレスであって、一実施の形態における、スクリュープレス装置を側面から見た際の断面を模式的に示した図である。FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically illustrating a cross section of the screw press according to the present invention when the screw press apparatus is viewed from the side in one embodiment. 図４は、本発明に係る油水分離システムの一実施の形態であって、一次処理装置と、２台の油水分離装置とを含む油水分離システムを模式的に示す図である。図４に示すシステムは、油水混合物を供給する油水混合物供給用タンクより一次処理装置へ油水混合物が注入される。一次処理装置で油水分離の処理が行われた油水混合物は、連結用タンク内へ回収され、ポンプにより油水分離装置へ注入される。また、このシステムは、油水分離装置を２台連結しているので、１台目の油水分離装置より回収された油水混合物は、２台目の油水分離装置において再び油水分離の処理が行われるようになっている。FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically illustrating an oil / water separation system according to an embodiment of the present invention, which includes a primary treatment device and two oil / water separation devices. In the system shown in FIG. 4, the oil / water mixture is injected from the oil / water mixture supply tank that supplies the oil / water mixture into the primary treatment apparatus. The oil / water mixture that has been subjected to the oil / water separation treatment in the primary treatment device is collected into the connecting tank and injected into the oil / water separation device by a pump. In addition, since this system connects two oil-water separators, the oil-water mixture recovered from the first oil-water separator is subjected to the oil-water separation process again in the second oil-water separator. It has become.
　本発明に係る油水分離装置は、（Ａ）油水混合物を注入するための注入部と、（Ｂ）注入部より注入された油水混合物から油を分離するための油水分離部と、（Ｃ）油水分離部において油が分離された後の油水混合物を回収するための回収部とを備える。 The oil / water separator according to the present invention includes (A) an injection part for injecting an oil / water mixture, (B) an oil / water separation part for separating oil from the oil / water mixture injected from the injection part, and (C) oil / water. And a recovery unit for recovering the oil-water mixture after the oil is separated in the separation unit.
　ここで、図１に油水分離装置１０の一実施の形態を詳細に示す。
　図１に示す油水分離装置１０は、油水混合物を注入する注入口１と、油水混合物が流入するタンク槽であって、フィルターにより分断されたタンク槽の上側であるタンク上槽と、フィルターにより分断されたタンク槽の下側の槽であって、油水分離剤２が充填されている油水分離部２と、油水分離剤により所定量の油が分離された油水混合物（または、好ましくは、水）を回収する回収部３とを有する。 Here, FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the oil-water separator 10 in detail.
The oil-water separator 10 shown in FIG. 1 is an inlet 1 for injecting an oil-water mixture, a tank tank into which the oil-water mixture flows, a tank upper tank above the tank tank divided by the filter, and a filter tank. An oil / water separation unit 2 filled with an oil / water separating agent 2 and an oil / water mixture (or preferably water) from which a predetermined amount of oil is separated by the oil / water separating agent. And a recovery unit 3 for recovering.
　本明細書において、「油水混合物」とは、油と水とが共存している混合物をいい、油以外の他の成分を含むものも、油水混合物に含まれる。油水混合物中に含まれる油と水とは、分離して共存している状態であってもよく、油と水とがエマルションを形成（油水エマルション）していてもよい。また、油水混合物には、油と水とが分離した状態をその一部に含んでもよいし、油と水とのエマルションをその一部に含んでもよい。
　なお、油水混合物が油と水とのエマルションを含む場合、該エマルションは、油と水とから実質的になるエマルションであることが好ましい。ここで、「油と水とから実質的になるエマルション」とは、エマルション中に油および水に加え、他の成分が含まれていることを制限しないが、エマルション中に９５％以上、９６％以上、９７％以上、９８％以上、９９％以上、９９．９％以上で油と水とを含むことを言う。また、油水混合物に含まれる油と水とのエマルションは、水中油型（Ｏ／Ｗ）のエマルションであっても、油中水型（Ｏ／Ｗ）のエマルションであってもよい。また、エマルションを構成する油と水との割合も特に制限されない。 In the present specification, the “oil / water mixture” refers to a mixture in which oil and water coexist, and those containing other components than oil are also included in the oil / water mixture. The oil and water contained in the oil / water mixture may be separated and coexisting, or the oil and water may form an emulsion (oil-water emulsion). In addition, the oil / water mixture may include a state where oil and water are separated, or may include an emulsion of oil and water as a part thereof.
In addition, when an oil-water mixture contains the emulsion of oil and water, it is preferable that this emulsion is an emulsion which consists essentially of oil and water. Here, the “emulsion consisting essentially of oil and water” does not restrict that other components are contained in the emulsion in addition to oil and water, but 95% or more and 96% in the emulsion Above, 97% or more, 98% or more, 99% or more, and 99.9% or more are said to contain oil and water. The oil / water emulsion contained in the oil / water mixture may be an oil-in-water (O / W) emulsion or a water-in-oil (O / W) emulsion. Further, the ratio of oil and water constituting the emulsion is not particularly limited.
　本発明に適用される「油水混合物」には、以下に限定されないが、例えば、油流出事故により汚染した海洋や河川由来の汚染水、工場からの廃液、レストランや食品工場等より排出される植物油や動物油等を挙げることができ、ありとあらゆる油と水とが共存している混合物が含まれる。 The “oil-water mixture” applied to the present invention is not limited to the following, but includes, for example, contaminated water derived from the ocean and rivers contaminated by an oil spill accident, waste liquid from factories, vegetable oils discharged from restaurants, food factories, etc. And a mixture in which all kinds of oil and water coexist.
　油水分離装置１０における注入部１は、油水混合物を注入可能な構造を有しており、油水混合物を油水分離装置内へ注入できる限りにおいて、その構造は限定されない。注入部１の油水分離装置１０における設置は、油水分離装置１０の内壁と離れた箇所に油水混合物が注入されるように設置されていればよく、例えば、注入部１は、油水分離装置１０の上部に設置することができる。この場合、特に、油水分離装置１０上部の中央に位置することが好ましい。これは、注入部１が油水分離装置１０の内壁に近い位置にあると、油水混合物が内壁を沿って伝わるため油水分離剤との接触が無い箇所が生じやすくなり、油の分離効率を落としてしまうためである。油水混合物が通る注入部１の内径等は、本発明に適用する油水混合物やその注入量に応じて適宜設計することができる。注入部１は、外部から油水混合物を油水分離装置内へ運ぶホースと接続可能であることが好ましく、例えば、ホースカップリングの構造を有する。
　注入部１へ油水混合物を注入する手段は特に制限されないが、ポンプを利用して油水混合物を注入することが好ましい。なお、使用するポンプは、好ましい揚程能力や好ましい油水混合物の注入量を考慮し、当業者が適宜選択することができる。 The injection part 1 in the oil / water separator 10 has a structure capable of injecting an oil / water mixture, and the structure is not limited as long as the oil / water mixture can be injected into the oil / water separator. The injection unit 1 may be installed in the oil / water separator 10 so that the oil / water mixture is injected into a location away from the inner wall of the oil / water separator 10. For example, the injection unit 1 may be installed in the oil / water separator 10. Can be installed at the top. In this case, it is particularly preferable that the oil-water separator 10 is located at the center of the upper part. This is because when the injection part 1 is located at a position close to the inner wall of the oil / water separator 10, the oil / water mixture is transmitted along the inner wall, so that it is easy to generate a place where there is no contact with the oil / water separating agent, thereby reducing the oil separation efficiency. It is because it ends. The inner diameter of the injection part 1 through which the oil / water mixture passes can be appropriately designed according to the oil / water mixture applied to the present invention and the injection amount thereof. The injection unit 1 is preferably connectable with a hose that carries the oil / water mixture into the oil / water separator from the outside, and has, for example, a hose coupling structure.
The means for injecting the oil / water mixture into the injection unit 1 is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to inject the oil / water mixture using a pump. In addition, the pump to be used can be appropriately selected by those skilled in the art in consideration of a preferable lifting capacity and a preferable injection amount of the oil / water mixture.
　注入部１より注入された油水混合物は、タンク上槽内へ流入する。
　油水分離装置のタンク内の空間は、フィルターにより、タンク上槽と油水分離部２とに分けられている。タンク上槽内へ流入した油水混合物は、フィルターを通過し、油水分離剤が充填された油水分離部２へと流入する。
　ここで、フィルター上には、油水混合物を油水分離部２内へ通過させるが、油水分離剤が通らない大きさの目開き（穴）が存在している。フィルター上の目開きの大きさは、使用する油水分離剤によって、適宜設定することができる。例えば、油水分離剤として、国際環境開発株式会社が提供する油水分離剤（ＡＺパウダー）を使用する場合には、目開きを０．２ｍｍ以下とすることが好ましい。 The oil / water mixture injected from the injection unit 1 flows into the tank upper tank.
The space in the tank of the oil / water separator is divided into the tank upper tank and the oil / water separator 2 by a filter. The oil / water mixture flowing into the tank upper tank passes through the filter and flows into the oil / water separation section 2 filled with the oil / water separation agent.
Here, the oil-water mixture is passed through the oil-water separator 2 on the filter, but there are openings (holes) with a size that does not allow the oil-water separator to pass through. The size of the openings on the filter can be appropriately set depending on the oil / water separating agent used. For example, when using an oil / water separating agent (AZ powder) provided by International Environment Development Co., Ltd. as the oil / water separating agent, the mesh opening is preferably 0.2 mm or less.
　油水混合物は、油水分離剤が充填されている油水分離部２において、油水分離剤と接触する。これにより、油水混合物より油が油水分離剤へ吸収され、油が分離する。ここで、油水分離剤が充填されている油水分離部２内の空隙率が低いため、油水分離部２内は、流入した油水混合物により加圧状態となる。特に、油水分離剤として、国際環境開発株式会社が提供する油水分離剤（ＡＺパウダー）のような空隙率の低い油水分離剤を使用する場合には、油水分離剤自体の空隙率の低さも加わり、油水分離部２内は、加圧状態になりやすい。加圧状態下にある油水分離剤は、その圧力によって油水分離剤同士の密度が高くなり、油水分離剤が有する微細孔がさらに細かなものとなる。このようにして形成された加圧状態下における油水分離剤の微細孔は、特に水中油型のエマルション中の油滴を吸着する最適な状態となる。
　ここで、加圧状態は、使用する油水分離剤により適宜設定することができるが、例えば、国際環境開発株式会社が提供する油水分離剤（ＡＺパウダー）を使用する場合には、０．０８ＭＰＡから０．１２ＭＰＡであることが好ましい。このような加圧状態を油水混合物の水圧により実現させる場合には、当業者は、油水分離装置の構造および大きさを考慮して好ましい揚程能力および注入量を有するポンプを適宜選択し達成することができる。
　また、加圧状態は、油水分離剤が、非加圧状態の油水分離剤と比べて３５％～５０％の体積となる加圧状態であることが好ましく、４０％～４５％の体積となる加圧状態であることがより好ましい。 The oil / water mixture comes into contact with the oil / water separator in the oil / water separator 2 filled with the oil / water separator. Thereby, oil is absorbed to an oil-water separation agent from an oil-water mixture, and oil isolate | separates. Here, since the porosity in the oil / water separator 2 filled with the oil / water separator is low, the oil / water separator 2 is pressurized by the inflowing oil / water mixture. In particular, when using an oil / water separating agent having a low porosity such as the oil / water separating agent (AZ powder) provided by International Environment Development Co., Ltd. as an oil / water separating agent, the low porosity of the oil / water separating agent itself is also added. The oil / water separator 2 is likely to be in a pressurized state. In the oil-water separator under pressure, the density of the oil-water separator is increased by the pressure, and the fine pores of the oil-water separator are finer. The micropores of the oil / water separating agent thus formed under pressure are in an optimum state for adsorbing oil droplets in an oil-in-water emulsion in particular.
Here, although a pressurization state can be suitably set with the oil-water separation agent to be used, for example, when using the oil-water separation agent (AZ powder) which an international environment development company provides, it is from 0.08MPA. It is preferably 0.12 MPA. In the case where such a pressurized state is realized by the hydraulic pressure of the oil / water mixture, those skilled in the art appropriately select and achieve a pump having a preferable head capacity and injection amount in consideration of the structure and size of the oil / water separator. Can do.
Further, the pressurized state is preferably a pressurized state in which the oil / water separating agent has a volume of 35% to 50% as compared to the non-pressurized oil / water separating agent, and a volume of 40% to 45%. More preferably, it is in a pressurized state.
　なお、上述するような、油水分離剤が油水混合物より油を分離する際に、油水分離剤が加圧状態となる空間を設計できる限りにおいて、タンク内の構造は限定されない。したがって、例えば、タンク上槽をなくすこともできるし（注入口の部分とフィルターを一体化する等）、または、油水分離部の下にフィルターを設置して、タンク下槽を形成させることもできる。
　また、加圧状態は、油水混合物流入による水圧に限定されず、機械的圧力等、当業者に周知の方法で加圧させたものも本発明に含まれる。例えば、油水分離部２の構造における、ねじ等の締付けにより油水分離部２内へ圧力を加える方法、油水分離部２に重しを乗せて油水分離部２内へ圧力をかける方法、空圧を油水分離部２内へかける方法等により、油水分離剤に圧力を加えることも可能である。 In addition, when an oil-water separation agent separates oil from an oil-water mixture as described above, the structure in the tank is not limited as long as a space where the oil-water separation agent is in a pressurized state can be designed. Therefore, for example, the tank upper tank can be eliminated (the inlet portion and the filter are integrated), or a filter can be installed under the oil / water separator to form the tank lower tank. .
Further, the pressurized state is not limited to the water pressure due to the inflow of the oil / water mixture, and the pressurized state by a method well known to those skilled in the art, such as mechanical pressure, is also included in the present invention. For example, in the structure of the oil / water separator 2, a method of applying pressure into the oil / water separator 2 by tightening a screw or the like, a method of applying pressure to the oil / water separator 2 and applying pressure to the oil / water separator 2, It is also possible to apply pressure to the oil / water separating agent by a method such as applying to the oil / water separating unit 2.
　本発明に使用できる油水分離剤としては、油を物理的に吸収可能な微細孔を有する粒子やパウダーであって、水を実質的に吸収しない粒子やパウダーを含むものであり、かつ、油水分離剤に対して圧力を加えることにより一度吸収した油を放出可能なものであれば、特に限定されない。このような油水分離剤としては、とりわけ、国際環境開発株式会社より入手可能な油水分離剤（ＡＺパウダー）を用いることが好ましい。 The oil / water separation agent that can be used in the present invention includes particles and powder having fine pores that can physically absorb oil, and that does not substantially absorb water, and includes oil / water separation. The oil is not particularly limited as long as it can release oil once absorbed by applying pressure to the agent. As such an oil / water separator, it is particularly preferable to use an oil / water separator (AZ powder) available from International Environment Development Co., Ltd.
　また、油水分離部２内の内壁は、パウダーよりも摩擦係数が低く、内壁とパウダーとの間が最も密度が低くなりやすい。このため、油水混合物は、この密度の低い箇所を通り、いわゆる水道を形成し、油水分離剤に触れない箇所が生じてしまう。このような現象を抑えるために、油水分離部２の内壁は、その表面積を減らすことが好ましく、例えば、内壁の形状は円形とすることが好ましい。
　油水分離部２において、油水分離剤と接触した油水混合物は、油水分離剤によって所定量の油が吸収され、所定量の油が分離された油水混合物（好ましくは、油を実質的に含まない水性の混合物）を得ることができる。
　このように、所定量の油が分離された油水混合物は、油水分離部内にある回収口３より回収される。 Further, the inner wall in the oil / water separator 2 has a lower coefficient of friction than the powder, and the density between the inner wall and the powder tends to be the lowest. For this reason, an oil-water mixture passes through this low-density location, forms what is called a water supply, and the location which does not touch an oil-water separation agent will arise. In order to suppress such a phenomenon, it is preferable to reduce the surface area of the inner wall of the oil / water separator 2. For example, the inner wall preferably has a circular shape.
In the oil / water separator 2, the oil / water mixture in contact with the oil / water separator is an oil / water mixture in which a predetermined amount of oil is absorbed by the oil / water separator and the predetermined amount of oil is separated (preferably an aqueous solution substantially free of oil. Can be obtained.
Thus, the oil-water mixture from which a predetermined amount of oil has been separated is recovered from the recovery port 3 in the oil-water separator.
　なお、回収口３は、油水混合物を油水分離部２内へ通過させるが、油水分離剤が通らない大きさの目開きを複数有しているため、所定量の油が分離された油水混合物のみが回収口３より回収される。なお、回収口３の目開きの大きさは、フィルターと同じとしてもよく、異なっていても良い。また、回収口３は、油水分離装置２の内壁より離した場所に油水分離部２内へ挿入された形状で設置することが好ましく、さらに目開きの部分は、油水分離部の底辺より離れた場所に空いていることが好ましい。これは、内壁を伝わり、油水分離剤とほとんど接触していない油水混合物が直接回収されないためである。
　このようにして、本発明に係る油水分離装置１０は、油水混合物より所定量の油を分離させることができる。なお、油水混合物中に含まれる油の量が多い場合には、油水分離装置１０を複数台、連続して連結させ、繰り返し、油水混合物中の油を分離させることができる。複数台の油水分離装置を連結させて使用する際には、最初に使用する油水分離装置１０の回収口３と次に使用する油水分離装置１０の注入口１とを、ホース等で連結させてやればよい。 The recovery port 3 allows the oil / water mixture to pass into the oil / water separator 2, but has a plurality of openings that do not allow the oil / water separator to pass through, so only the oil / water mixture from which a predetermined amount of oil has been separated is provided. Is recovered from the recovery port 3. The size of the opening of the collection port 3 may be the same as that of the filter or may be different. Further, the recovery port 3 is preferably installed in a shape inserted into the oil / water separator 2 at a location separated from the inner wall of the oil / water separator 2, and the opening portion is further away from the bottom of the oil / water separator. It is preferable that the place is vacant. This is because the oil / water mixture which is transmitted through the inner wall and hardly comes into contact with the oil / water separating agent is not directly recovered.
Thus, the oil-water separator 10 according to the present invention can separate a predetermined amount of oil from the oil-water mixture. When the amount of oil contained in the oil / water mixture is large, a plurality of oil / water separators 10 can be connected in series, and the oil in the oil / water mixture can be separated repeatedly. When a plurality of oil / water separators are connected and used, the recovery port 3 of the oil / water separator 10 used first and the inlet 1 of the oil / water separator 10 used next are connected by a hose or the like. Do it.
　また、本発明によれば、油水混合物から油を分離するための油水分離システムであって、上記の油水分離装置１０と一次処理装置２０とを備えるシステムを提供する。
　一次処理装置２０は、油水分離装置１０における油水混合物からの油の分離をより効果的にするために、油水分離装置１０による油水混合物からの油の分離に先だって、油水混合物中のサイズの大きな油粒子を一次処理油水分離剤によって処理するための装置である。
　ここで、図２は、一次処理装置２０の一実施の形態を詳細に示す。
　図２に示す一次処理装置２０は、上部が開放された一次処理タンク内に、油水分離剤を含む一次処理油水分離部２１と、一次処理油水分離部２１を一次処理タンクに固定するための固定具と、油水分離剤により油が分離された油水混合物を回収する一次処理回収口とを備える。 Moreover, according to this invention, it is an oil-water separation system for isolate | separating oil from an oil-water mixture, Comprising: A system provided with said oil-water separation apparatus 10 and the primary treatment apparatus 20 is provided.
In order to make the oil separation from the oil / water mixture in the oil / water separation device 10 more effective, the primary treatment device 20 has a large oil in the oil / water mixture prior to the oil separation from the oil / water mixture by the oil / water separation device 10. An apparatus for treating particles with a primary treatment oil / water separator.
Here, FIG. 2 shows one embodiment of the primary processing device 20 in detail.
The primary treatment apparatus 20 shown in FIG. 2 includes a primary treatment oil / water separation unit 21 containing an oil / water separation agent in a primary treatment tank having an open top, and a fixing for fixing the primary treatment oil / water separation unit 21 to the primary treatment tank. And a primary treatment recovery port for recovering the oil / water mixture from which the oil has been separated by the oil / water separating agent.
　一次処理タンク２０は、上部が開放されているため、一度に大量の油水混合物を、一次処理タンク内に設置された一次処理油水分離部２１へ注入することができる。
　一次処理油水分離部２１は、その構造の中に一次処理油水分離剤を含み、一次処理油水分離部２１に注入された油水混合物中の油を分離できる構造になっている。また、一次処理油水分離部２１は、油水分離剤を通さないが、油水分離剤により油が分離された油水混合物を通す構造を有している。このような一次処理油水分離部は、以下に限定されないが、例えば、網かご等の形状を有している。網かごの大きさは、下記に示すスクリュープレス内へ一度に投入できる量の油水分離剤を含む大きさとすることが好ましい。また、一人の作業員が、持ち運べる大きさとすることが好ましい。網かごの大きさを上記のようにすることで、作業の効率を高めることができ、好ましい。例えば、適切な大きさの網かごを複数個、同時に一次処理タンク内に設置して、油水分離部２１とすることもできる。
　一次処理油水分離部２１は、固定具により一次処理タンクに固定される。油水混合物は、直接、一次処理油水分離部２１内へ注入できる。そして、一次処理油水分離部２１内へ注入された油水混合物は、一次処理油水分離剤と接触し、油が分離される。このとき、一次処理装置としては、油水混合物中に含まれるサイズの大きな油粒子を主に分離することを目的として使用することができる。なお、サイズの大きな油粒子の油が取り除かれることにより、油水分離装置におけるエマルション中の油滴の分離効率が大幅に向上するため、好ましい。なお、本明細書において、「サイズの大きな油粒子」とは、油水混合物に含まれる油であって、水に対して乳化（エマルション化）していない油をいう。したがって、本明細書において、「サイズの大きな油粒子」には、例えば、油水混合物中に含まれる油中水型エマルションを形成している油相や、油水混合物中に含まれる水と分離して存在する油等も含まれる。なお、一次処理装置において、分離される油は、サイズの大きな油粒子に制限されず、エマルション中の油滴を分離するものであってもよい。 Since the upper part of the primary treatment tank 20 is open, a large amount of the oil / water mixture can be injected into the primary treatment oil / water separation unit 21 installed in the primary treatment tank at a time.
The primary treatment oil / water separation unit 21 includes a primary treatment oil / water separation agent in the structure thereof, and has a structure capable of separating the oil in the oil / water mixture injected into the primary treatment oil / water separation unit 21. In addition, the primary treatment oil / water separator 21 does not pass the oil / water separator, but has a structure for passing the oil / water mixture from which the oil is separated by the oil / water separator. Such a primary treatment oil / water separation section is not limited to the following, but has, for example, a shape of a mesh basket or the like. The size of the net cage is preferably a size including an oil / water separating agent in an amount that can be charged at once into a screw press shown below. In addition, it is preferable that one worker can carry it. By making the size of the net cage as described above, work efficiency can be increased, which is preferable. For example, a plurality of appropriately sized net cages can be simultaneously installed in the primary treatment tank to form the oil / water separator 21.
The primary treatment oil / water separator 21 is fixed to the primary treatment tank by a fixture. The oil / water mixture can be directly injected into the primary treatment oil / water separator 21. And the oil-water mixture inject | poured in the primary treatment oil-water separation part 21 contacts with a primary treatment oil-water separation agent, and oil is isolate | separated. At this time, the primary treatment apparatus can be used mainly for the purpose of separating oil particles having a large size contained in the oil / water mixture. It is preferable to remove the oil from the oil particles having a large size, since the separation efficiency of the oil droplets in the emulsion in the oil / water separator is greatly improved. In the present specification, “large oil particles” refers to oil contained in an oil / water mixture and not emulsified (emulsified) in water. Therefore, in the present specification, “large oil particles” are separated from, for example, the oil phase forming the water-in-oil emulsion contained in the oil-water mixture and the water contained in the oil-water mixture. Existing oils are also included. In the primary processing apparatus, the oil to be separated is not limited to oil particles having a large size, and may be one that separates oil droplets in the emulsion.
　一次処理油水分離剤としては、上述する油水分離装置で用いられる油水分離剤と同様のものを用いてもよいし、異なるものを用いても良い。とりわけ、国際環境開発株式会社が提供する油水分離剤（ＡＺパウダー）を使用することが好ましい。
　一次処理油水分離部２１において油が分離され、一次処理タンク内へ流出した油水混合物は、一次処理回収口より回収される。
　なお、一次処理回収口は、油水分離装置の注入口１とホース等により連結させることができる。または、連結用タンク４２等の一次的に一次処理装置より回収した油水混合物を溜めておくタンクへ油水混合物を回収し、そこからポンプ４３を使用して油水分離装置１０の注入口１へ油水混合物を注入することもできる。 As the primary treatment oil / water separator, the same oil-water separator used in the above-described oil / water separator may be used, or a different one may be used. In particular, it is preferable to use an oil / water separating agent (AZ powder) provided by Kokusai Environmental Development Co., Ltd.
The oil is separated in the primary treatment oil / water separation unit 21, and the oil / water mixture flowing into the primary treatment tank is recovered from the primary treatment recovery port.
The primary treatment recovery port can be connected to the inlet 1 of the oil / water separator by a hose or the like. Alternatively, the oil / water mixture is collected into a tank for storing the oil / water mixture collected primarily from the primary processing device such as the connecting tank 42, and then the oil / water mixture is supplied from the pump 43 to the inlet 1 of the oil / water separator 10. Can also be injected.
　また、本発明によれば、油水混合物から油を分離するための油水分離システムであって、
　上述する油水分離装置に加え、スクリュープレス装置３０を備えるシステムを提供する。
　スクリュープレス装置３０は、油水分離装置１０において油水混合物からの油の分離に供された油水分離剤をプレスすることにより、油を回収し、また、当該油水分離剤を油の分離に再び利用できるものとするための装置である。 Moreover, according to the present invention, an oil-water separation system for separating oil from an oil-water mixture,
In addition to the oil-water separator described above, a system including a screw press device 30 is provided.
The screw press device 30 recovers oil by pressing the oil / water separator used for separating oil from the oil / water mixture in the oil / water separator 10, and the oil / water separator can be used again for oil separation. It is a device for making things.
　スクリュープレス装置３０において、油を吸収している油水分離剤に対するプレスは、２０％程度の液体を油水分離剤内に残す程度にプレスすることが好ましい。このようにプレスすることで、油水分離剤自体の構造を破壊しないため、再利用できる回数を増やすことができる。また、スクリュープレスの構造は、上記のようなプレスを可能にするものであれば、特に制限されない。
　そして、上記のような圧力で油水分離剤をプレスし、油を回収することで、油水分離剤を少なくとも２０回程度再利用することが可能となる。これにより、油水分離処理に必要なコストをさらに抑える事が可能となる。
　なお、スクリュープレス装置により再利用可能な状態とされる油水分離剤は、一次処理装置２０において使用した一次処理油水分離剤であってもよい。
　また、以下の態様に限定されないが、油水分離剤の効率的な再利用の観点からは、油水分離装置で使用した油水分離剤を一次処理装置において使用し、一次処理装置において使用した油水分離剤をスクリュープレスにより再度使用可能な状態へ戻し、再度、油水分離装置で使用するように、循環させる態様が好ましい。 In the screw press apparatus 30, it is preferable to press the oil / water separating agent that absorbs the oil so that about 20% of the liquid remains in the oil / water separating agent. By pressing in this way, since the structure of the oil / water separating agent itself is not destroyed, the number of times it can be reused can be increased. Moreover, the structure of a screw press will not be restrict | limited especially if the above presses are enabled.
Then, by pressing the oil / water separator with the pressure as described above and collecting the oil, the oil / water separator can be reused at least about 20 times. Thereby, it is possible to further reduce the cost required for the oil / water separation treatment.
The oil / water separating agent that can be reused by the screw press device may be the primary treatment oil / water separating agent used in the primary processing device 20.
In addition, although not limited to the following embodiments, from the viewpoint of efficient reuse of the oil / water separator, the oil / water separator used in the oil / water separator is used in the primary processor, and the oil / water separator used in the primary processor is used. It is preferable to return to a usable state again with a screw press and to circulate the oil so that it can be used again in the oil-water separator.
　本発明に係る油水分離装置および／または一次処理装置を用いて油水混合物より油を分離させた場合、油水混合物中の油は、対象となる油の排出基準以下とすることができ、より好ましくは、回収される油水混合物は、油を実質的に含まないか、あるいは、油を全く含まない。
　油水混合物中の油の濃度は、当業者に周知の方法により測定することができ、例えば、ノルマルヘキサン抽出物質の測定により行うことができる。 When oil is separated from the oil / water mixture using the oil / water separation device and / or the primary treatment device according to the present invention, the oil in the oil / water mixture can be made to be equal to or lower than the discharge standard of the target oil, and more preferably. The recovered oil / water mixture is substantially free of oil or completely free of oil.
The concentration of oil in the oil / water mixture can be measured by methods well known to those skilled in the art, for example, by measurement of normal hexane extract.
　異なる定義が無い限り、ここに用いられるすべての用語（技術用語及び科学用語を含む。）は、本発明が属する技術の当業者によって広く理解されるのと同じ意味を有する。ここに用いられる用語は、異なる定義が明示されていない限り、本明細書及び関連技術分野における意味と整合的な意味を有するものとして解釈されるべきであり、理想化され、又は、過度に形式的な意味において解釈されるべきではない。 Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Terms used herein should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the meaning in this specification and the related technical field, unless otherwise defined, idealized, or overly formal. It should not be interpreted in a general sense.
　本発明の実施態様は模式図を参照しつつ説明される場合があるが、模式図である場合、説明を明確にするために、誇張されて表現されている場合がある。 The embodiment of the present invention may be described with reference to a schematic diagram, but in the case of a schematic diagram, it may be exaggerated for clarity of explanation.
　本明細書において、例えば、「１～１０％」と表現されている場合、当業者は、当該表現が、１、２、３、４、５、６、７、８、９、または１０％を個別具体的に指すことを理解する。 In this specification, for example, when expressed as “1 to 10%”, those skilled in the art will recognize that the expression is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10%. Understand what it refers to individually.
　本明細書において、数値範囲等を示すのに用いられるあらゆる数値は、特に明示がない限り、用語「約」の意味を包含するものとして解釈される。例えば、「１０倍」とは、特に明示がない限り、「約１０倍」を意味するものと理解される。 In this specification, any numerical value used for indicating a numerical range or the like is interpreted as including the meaning of the term “about” unless otherwise specified. For example, “10 times” is understood to mean “about 10 times” unless otherwise specified.
　本明細書中に引用される文献は、それらのすべての開示が、本明細書中に援用されているとみなされるべきであって、当業者は、本明細書の文脈に従って、本発明の精神及び範囲を逸脱することなく、それらの先行技術文献における関連する開示内容を、本明細書の一部として援用して理解する。 References cited in this specification are to be regarded as the entire disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference, and those skilled in the art will recognize the spirit of the invention in accordance with the context of this specification. And without departing from the scope, the relevant disclosures in those prior art documents are hereby incorporated by reference.
　以下において、本発明を、実施例を参照してより詳細に説明する。しかしながら、本発明はいろいろな態様により具現化することができ、ここに記載される実施例に限定されるものとして解釈されてはならない。 In the following, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples. However, the invention can be embodied in various ways and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein.
以下、図面を用いて実施例を詳細に説明する。
（実施例１．油水分離装置による油水混合物からの油の分離）
　図１は本実施例に用いた油水分離装置の構造を側面から見た際の断面を模式的に示す図である。
　まず、油水分離剤として国際環境開発社製の油水分離剤（ＡＺパウダー）を用いた。油水分離剤を油水分離部内に充填させ、油水分離装置１０を準備した。なお、油水分離装置１０内部の上側には、フィルター（メッシュ張り、目開き０．１ｍｍ）を設置した。また、油水分離装置は、全体容量が３０Ｌのものを用いた。対象とする油水混合物として、Ａ重油由来の油水混合物を用いた。
　なお、油水混合物中の油分をノルマルヘキサン抽出物質により測定したところ、１８．４ｐｐｍであった。なお、これより以下に記載する重油の濃度測定も、同様にして行った。
　具体的には、下記のとおり、Ａ重油由来の油水混合物より油を分離した。
　注入口１より、Ａ重油由来の油水混合物を連続注入した。
　このとき、油水混合物は、２インチ水中ポンプを用いて、０．１ＭＰＡの水圧で、注入口１へ注入させた。
　フィルターを通過した油水混合物は、油水分離剤が充填された油水分離部２の中に均一に流入した。
　油水分離剤が充填される油水分離部２内へ流入した油水混合物は、油水分離剤と接触することで、油水混合物中の油が油水分離剤中へ吸収された。これにより、所定量の油が分離した油水混合物のみが回収口３より回収された。
　回収口３より回収された油水混合物中のＡ重油の濃度は、２．９ｐｐｍであった。
　また、油水混合物を連続注入することにより、所定量の油が分離された油水混合物を１時間で３６００Ｌ回収することができた。 Hereinafter, embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
(Example 1. Separation of oil from oil-water mixture by oil-water separator)
FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a cross section of the structure of the oil / water separator used in the present embodiment as viewed from the side.
First, an oil / water separator (AZ powder) manufactured by Kokusai Environmental Development Co., Ltd. was used as the oil / water separator. The oil / water separator was filled in the oil / water separator to prepare the oil / water separator 10. A filter (mesh tension, mesh opening 0.1 mm) was installed on the upper side of the oil / water separator 10. Moreover, the oil-water separator used the whole capacity | capacitance 30L. The oil-water mixture derived from A heavy oil was used as the target oil-water mixture.
In addition, it was 18.4 ppm when the oil component in an oil-water mixture was measured with the normal hexane extract material. The concentration of heavy oil described below was also measured in the same manner.
Specifically, the oil was separated from the oil / water mixture derived from the A heavy oil as described below.
From the injection port 1, the oil / water mixture derived from A heavy oil was continuously injected.
At this time, the oil / water mixture was injected into the injection port 1 with a water pressure of 0.1 MPa using a 2-inch submersible pump.
The oil / water mixture that passed through the filter uniformly flowed into the oil / water separator 2 filled with the oil / water separator.
The oil / water mixture that flowed into the oil / water separator 2 filled with the oil / water separator was brought into contact with the oil / water separator, whereby the oil in the oil / water mixture was absorbed into the oil / water separator. Thereby, only the oil-water mixture from which a predetermined amount of oil was separated was recovered from the recovery port 3.
The concentration of heavy oil A in the oil / water mixture recovered from the recovery port 3 was 2.9 ppm.
Further, by continuously injecting the oil / water mixture, 3600 L of the oil / water mixture from which a predetermined amount of oil was separated could be recovered in one hour.
（実施例１－２．油水分離装置を２台使用した油水混合物からの油の分離）
　ここで、実施例１で使用した油水分離装置の回収口３に対してホースを連結し、該ホースを新たな油水分離装置の注入口１へと連結させることにより、２台の油水分離装置を連結させた。
　上記のようにして作製した２台の油水分離装置を用いた以外は、実施例１と同様にして、Ａ重油を含む油水混合物から油を分離する処理を行った。なお、２台目の油水分離装置の構造は、実施例１で使用した油水分離装置と同じである。
　実施例１において回収された油水混合物中の重油の濃度は、２．９ｐｐｍであったのに対し、２台目の油水分離装置の回収口より回収された油水混合物中の重油の濃度は、０．８ｐｐｍであった。 (Example 1-2. Separation of oil from oil-water mixture using two oil-water separators)
Here, by connecting a hose to the recovery port 3 of the oil / water separator used in Example 1, and connecting the hose to the inlet 1 of a new oil / water separator, two oil / water separators were connected. Connected.
Except having used the two oil-water separators produced as mentioned above, it processed similarly to Example 1 and isolate | separated oil from the oil-water mixture containing A heavy oil. The structure of the second oil / water separator is the same as that of the oil / water separator used in Example 1.
The concentration of heavy oil in the oil-water mixture recovered in Example 1 was 2.9 ppm, whereas the concentration of heavy oil in the oil-water mixture recovered from the recovery port of the second oil-water separator was 0. 0.8 ppm.
（実施例２．一次処理装置を用いた油水混合物からの油の分離）
　油水混合物に大きな油粒子が含まれる場合には、一次処理装置２０を用いて、油と水とのおおまかな分離を予め行うことが好ましい。
　図２は、本実施例で用いた網かご式一次処理装置２０（すなわち、一次処理油水分離部として網かごを用いた一次処理装置）の模式図（平面図、正面図、および右側面図）および網かご式一次処理装置２０に用いた網かご２１の正面図を示す。
　一次処理油水分離部２１である網かご（大きさ：３０ｃｍ×３０ｃｍ×８０ｃｍ）内に、油水分離剤を１ｋｇ充填させた。なお、油水分離剤として、国際環境開発社製の油水分離剤（ＡＺパウダー）を用いた。
　油水分離剤を充填した網かごを８つ、網かご式一次処理装置２０の本体であるタンク（容量１０００Ｌ）の内部に設置した。網かごの設置には、アルミ枠の固定具を用いた。このようにして、網かご式一次処理装置２０を準備した。また、対象とする油水混合物として、Ａ重油由来の油水混合物を用いた。なお、油水混合物中に含まれるＡ重油の濃度は、３２．３ｐｐｍであった。
　Ａ重油由来の油水混合物を、水中ポンプを用いて、網かご内へ連続注入した。
　油水分離剤が充填される網かご内へ流入した油水混合物は、油水分離剤と接触することで、油水混合物中の油が油水分離剤中へ吸収された。これにより、所定量の油が分離した油水混合物のみが網かごより排出され、最終的に、網かご式一次処理装置２０の一次処理回収口より回収された。
　一次処理回収口より回収された油水分鉱物中のＡ重油の濃度は、１８．４ｐｐｍであった。
　また、油水混合物を網かご式一次処理装置２０に連続注入することにより、所定量の油が分離した油水混合物を、油水混合物の流入量に等しい、毎分２００Ｌの量で回収することができた。
　なお、網かご式一次処理装置２０の一次回収口より回収された油水混合物（エマルションを含む）は、そのまま実施例１の油水混合物と同様にして油水分離装置内へ注入させることができる。 (Example 2. Separation of oil from oil-water mixture using primary treatment apparatus)
When large oil particles are contained in the oil / water mixture, it is preferable to perform rough separation of oil and water in advance using the primary treatment device 20.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram (a plan view, a front view, and a right side view) of a net cage type primary treatment apparatus 20 (that is, a primary treatment apparatus that uses a net cage as a primary treatment oil / water separator) used in this embodiment. And the front view of the net cage 21 used for the net cage type primary processing device 20 is shown.
1 kg of the oil / water separating agent was filled in the net cage (size: 30 cm × 30 cm × 80 cm) which is the primary treatment oil / water separation unit 21. In addition, the oil-water separation agent (AZ powder) by an international environment development company was used as an oil-water separation agent.
Eight net cages filled with the oil / water separator were installed inside the tank (capacity 1000 L) which is the main body of the net cage type primary treatment apparatus 20. Aluminum frame fixtures were used to install the cage. In this way, a cage-type primary processing apparatus 20 was prepared. Moreover, the oil-water mixture derived from A heavy oil was used as a target oil-water mixture. In addition, the density | concentration of A heavy oil contained in an oil-water mixture was 32.3 ppm.
The oil / water mixture derived from A heavy oil was continuously injected into the mesh cage using a submersible pump.
The oil-water mixture that flowed into the mesh cage filled with the oil-water separator was brought into contact with the oil-water separator, so that the oil in the oil-water mixture was absorbed into the oil-water separator. Thereby, only the oil-water mixture from which a predetermined amount of oil was separated was discharged from the net cage and finally recovered from the primary processing recovery port of the net cage type primary processing apparatus 20.
The concentration of heavy oil A in the oil-and-water mineral recovered from the primary treatment recovery port was 18.4 ppm.
Further, by continuously injecting the oil / water mixture into the net-cage type primary treatment device 20, the oil / water mixture from which a predetermined amount of oil was separated could be recovered at an amount of 200 L / min, which is equal to the inflow amount of the oil / water mixture. .
The oil / water mixture (including the emulsion) recovered from the primary recovery port of the net cage type primary treatment device 20 can be directly injected into the oil / water separator in the same manner as the oil / water mixture of Example 1.
（実施例３．スクリュープレス装置による油水分離剤からの油性成分の分離）
　実施例２で用いた油水分離剤を回収し、スクリュープレス装置によりプレスすることで、油水分離剤を再利用できる状態へ戻した。
　より具体的には、図３に示すスクリュープレスを用い、スクリュープレスの投与口へ油を吸着した油水分離剤を１０Ｌ、６ｋｇ投与した。
　投与口より投与された油水分離剤は、スクリューにより、ドラム内へ押し出される。このとき、スクリューによる圧力により、油水分離剤中より油が放出される。また、このとき油水分離剤には、油水分離剤が有する弾性や復元力をなくさない程度の強すぎない圧力をかけた。これにより、油水分離剤に過度の損傷を与えないようにした。
　油性成分を放出した油水分離剤は、油水分離剤用の排出口より、３ｋｇ回収できた。油水分離剤用の排出口より回収された油水分離剤は、わずかな油しか含んでおらず、再利用できる状態にあった。
　また、ドラム内で油水分離剤より放出された油は、ドラム内の下部に設置された油回収用の回収口より回収できた。回収した油の量は、２Ｌであった。 (Example 3. Separation of oily component from oil-water separation agent by screw press device)
The oil / water separator used in Example 2 was recovered and pressed with a screw press device to return the oil / water separator to a reusable state.
More specifically, using a screw press shown in FIG. 3, 10 L and 6 kg of an oil / water separation agent having adsorbed oil were administered to an administration port of the screw press.
The oil / water separation agent administered from the administration port is pushed out into the drum by a screw. At this time, oil is released from the oil / water separator by the pressure of the screw. At this time, the oil / water separator was subjected to a pressure that was not too strong so as not to lose the elasticity and restoring force of the oil / water separator. This prevented excessive damage to the oil / water separator.
3 kg of the oil / water separating agent released from the oily component could be recovered from the outlet for the oil / water separating agent. The oil / water separator recovered from the outlet for the oil / water separator contained only a small amount of oil and was in a state where it could be reused.
Further, the oil released from the oil / water separator in the drum could be recovered from a recovery port for oil recovery installed in the lower part of the drum. The amount of oil recovered was 2L.
１　　注入口
２　　油水分離部
３　　回収口
１０　油水分離装置
２０　一次処理装置
２１　一次処理油水分離部
３０　スクリュープレス装置
４１　油水混合物供給用タンク
４２　連結用タンク
４３　ポンプ DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Inlet 2 Oil-water separation part 3 Recovery port 10 Oil-water separation apparatus 20 Primary treatment apparatus 21 Primary treatment oil-water separation part 30 Screw press apparatus 41 Oil-water mixture supply tank 42 Connection tank 43 Pump

Claims (8)

  1. 　油水混合物から油を分離するための油水分離装置であって、
    　前記装置は、 
    　（Ａ）前記油水混合物を注入するための注入部、
    　（Ｂ）前記注入部より注入された油水混合物から、加圧状態下において、所定量の油を吸収することにより油を分離する油水分離剤を含む油水分離部、および、
    　（Ｃ）前記油水分離部において所定量の油が分離された後の油水混合物を回収するための回収部を備える
    ことを特徴とする装置。     An oil-water separator for separating oil from an oil-water mixture,
    The device is
    (A) An injection part for injecting the oil-water mixture,
    (B) an oil / water separator including an oil / water separator that separates the oil by absorbing a predetermined amount of oil under pressure from the oil / water mixture injected from the injector; and
    (C) The apparatus provided with the collection | recovery part for collect | recovering the oil-water mixture after a predetermined amount of oil was isolate | separated in the said oil-water separation part.
  2. 　請求項１に記載の油水分離装置であって、
    　前記油水分離剤が、油を吸収するが、水を実質的に吸収しない粒子を含む
    ことを特徴とする装置。     The oil-water separator according to claim 1,
    The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the oil / water separating agent includes particles that absorb oil but do not substantially absorb water.
  3. 　請求項１または２に記載の油水分離装置であって、
    　前記油水混合物が油水から実質的になるエマルションを含む
    ことを特徴とする装置。     The oil-water separator according to claim 1 or 2,
    An apparatus wherein the oil / water mixture comprises an emulsion consisting essentially of oil / water.
  4. 　請求項１から３のいずれか一項に記載の油水分離装置であって、
    　前記加圧状態が、０．０８ＭＰＡ～０．１２ＭＰＡの加圧状態である
    ことを特徴とする装置。     The oil-water separator according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
    An apparatus characterized in that the pressure state is a pressure state of 0.08 MPA to 0.12 MPA.
  5. 　請求項１～４のいずれか一項に記載の油水分離装置であって、
    　前記加圧状態が、前記油水分離剤を、非加圧状態と比べて３５％～５０％の体積とする加圧状態である
    ことを特徴とする装置。     The oil-water separator according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
    The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the pressurized state is a pressurized state in which the oil / water separating agent has a volume of 35% to 50% compared to the non-pressurized state.
  6. 　油水混合物から油を分離するための油水分離システムであって、
    　前記油水分離システムは、
    　請求項１に記載の油水分離装置、および、
    　一次処理装置
    を備え、
    　前記一次処理装置は、前記油水分離装置による油水混合物からの油の分離をより効果的にするために、前記油水分離装置による油水混合物からの油の分離に先だって、油水混合物中のサイズの大きな油粒子を油水分離剤によって処理するための装置である
    ことを特徴とする、油水分離システム。     An oil-water separation system for separating oil from an oil-water mixture,
    The oil / water separation system comprises:
    The oil-water separator according to claim 1, and
    With a primary processing unit,
    In order to more effectively separate the oil from the oil / water mixture by the oil / water separator, the primary treatment device has a larger oil size in the oil / water mixture prior to the separation of the oil from the oil / water mixture by the oil / water separator. An oil-water separation system, characterized in that it is a device for treating particles with an oil-water separator.
  7. 　油水混合物から油を分離するための油水分離システムであって、
    　前記油水分離システムは、
    　請求項１に記載の油水分離装置、および、
    　スクリュープレス装置
    を備え、
    　前記スクリュープレス装置は、前記油水分離装置において油水混合物からの油の分離に供された油水分離剤をプレスすることにより、油を回収し、また、当該油水分離剤を油の分離に再び利用できるものとするための装置である
    ことを特徴とする、油水分離システム。     An oil-water separation system for separating oil from an oil-water mixture,
    The oil / water separation system comprises:
    The oil-water separator according to claim 1, and
    Equipped with a screw press device,
    The screw press apparatus recovers oil by pressing the oil / water separator provided for the separation of oil from the oil / water mixture in the oil / water separator, and the oil / water separator can be used again for oil separation. An oil-water separation system, characterized in that it is a device for the purpose.
  8. 　請求項６に記載の油水分離システムであって、
    　前記油水分離システムは、さらに、スクリュープレス装置を備え、
    　前記スクリュープレス装置は、前記油水分離装置または前記一次処理装置おいて油水混合物からの油の分離に供された油水分離剤をプレスすることにより、油を回収し、また、当該油水分離剤を油の分離に再び利用できるものとするための装置である
    ことを特徴とする、油水分離システム。     The oil-water separation system according to claim 6,
    The oil / water separation system further includes a screw press device,
    The screw press apparatus collects oil by pressing an oil / water separator used for separating oil from an oil / water mixture in the oil / water separator or the primary treatment apparatus, and the oil / water separator is An oil-water separation system, characterized in that it is a device that can be used again for separation of water.
PCT/JP2013/083181 2013-01-15 2013-12-11 Oil/water separation device for separating oil from oil/water mixture, and oil/water separation system including said device for separating oil from oil/water mixture WO2014112251A1 (en)

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