WO2014110805A1 - Accès aléatoire pour l'amélioration d'une couverture - Google Patents

Accès aléatoire pour l'amélioration d'une couverture Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014110805A1
WO2014110805A1 PCT/CN2013/070708 CN2013070708W WO2014110805A1 WO 2014110805 A1 WO2014110805 A1 WO 2014110805A1 CN 2013070708 W CN2013070708 W CN 2013070708W WO 2014110805 A1 WO2014110805 A1 WO 2014110805A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
message
sequence
instances
instance
cyclic prefix
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PCT/CN2013/070708
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English (en)
Inventor
Na WEI
Chunyan Gao
Erlin Zeng
Wei Bai
Haiming Wang
Shuang TAN
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Broadcom Corporation
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Priority to PCT/CN2013/070708 priority Critical patent/WO2014110805A1/fr
Publication of WO2014110805A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014110805A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access, e.g. scheduled or random access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled or contention based access, e.g. random access, ALOHA, CSMA [Carrier Sense Multiple Access]
    • H04W74/0866—Non-scheduled or contention based access, e.g. random access, ALOHA, CSMA [Carrier Sense Multiple Access] using a dedicated channel for access

Definitions

  • the exemplary and non-limiting embodiments of this invention relate generally to wireless communication systems, methods, devices and computer programs and, more specifically, relate to random access procedures by which a user device (including a machine-type communication MTC device) obtains or re-establishes access to a wireless network.
  • a user device including a machine-type communication MTC device
  • BACKGROUND BACKGROUND:
  • MTC machine-type communications
  • radio devices wirelessly transmit data to and/or receive data from a network without the specific direction of people.
  • MTC machine-type communications
  • sensors at various locations to periodically report conditions and to occasionally report that certain safety or process thresholds are breached.
  • Each MTC device can internally log a variety of measurements and report them as a batch at occasional intervals, or when some safety parameter is exceeded.
  • the third generation partnership project (3GPP) has established a study item regarding low cost MTCs with a very low data rate at document RP- 121441 by Vodafone entitled UPDATED SID ON: PROVISION OF LOW-COST MTC UEs BASED ON LTE [3GPP TSG RAN meeting #57; Chicago, USA; September 4-7, 2012].
  • the service coverage requirements set forth there for MTC services provide for a 20dB improvement in coverage in comparison to what is defined in evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN, also known as long term evolution or LTE) for the cell coverage footprint as engineered for "normal LTE UEs" (assuming deployment in the same spectrum bands).
  • E-UTRAN also known as long term evolution or LTE
  • LTE long term evolution
  • a 20dB improvement is targeted for low-cost MTC UEs, using very low rate traffic with a relaxed latency.
  • the payload size is to be on the order of 100 bytes/message in uplink/UL and 20 bytes/message in downlink/DL, and allowable latency can be up to 10 seconds for DL and up to 1 hour in uplink.
  • These relaxed standards exclude voice communications but can be quite useful for some sensor or other MTC operations such as traffic control or smart grid technology.
  • a method for controlling a user equipment comprises: sending in a first message on a random access channel at least one instance of a cyclic prefix and a configurable number of N instances of a sequence, wherein N is an integer greater than one (for example, configurable via SIB/MIB, or configurable by the UE itself based on its estimation of coverage improvement needs); and searching for a second message that replies to the first message in a window defined by the first message and implicitly linked to the number N used in the first message.
  • the apparatus comprises a processing system, and the processing system comprises at least one processor and a memory storing a set of computer instructions.
  • the processing system is configured to cause the apparatus at least to: send in a first message on a random access channel at least one instance of a cyclic prefix and a configurable number of N instances of a sequence, wherein N is an integer greater than one; and search for a second message that replies to the first message in a window defined by the first message and implicitly linked to the number N used in the first message.
  • a computer readable memory tangibly storing a set of computer executable instructions for controlling a user equipment.
  • the set of computer executable instructions comprises: code for sending in a first message on a random access channel at least one instance of a cyclic prefix and a configurable number of N instances of a sequence, wherein N is an integer greater than one; and code for searching for a second message that replies to the first message in a window defined by the first message and implicitly linked to the number N used in the first message.
  • Figure 1A reproduces information from tables 5.2.1.2-2 and 5.2.1.2-3 of document 3GPP Technical Report TR 36.888 quantifying per channel performance improvements required for low cost machine-type communication user equipments.
  • Figure IB is a high level signaling diagram illustrating an overview of a conventional random access procedure for the E-UTRAN/LTE system.
  • Figure 4 is a table illustrating restricted start times for various RACH message l's depending on the value of N for that message, in order to reduce the eNB's blind detection burden according to certain implementations of these teachings.
  • Figure 5 is a logic flow diagram that illustrates a method for operating a user equipment/UE, and a result of execution by an apparatus of a set of computer program instructions embodied on a computer readable memory for operating such a UE, in accordance with certain exemplary embodiments of this invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a simplified block diagram of a UE and a cellular network represented by an eNB and by a MME, which are exemplary electronic devices suitable for use in practicing the exemplary embodiments of the invention.
  • FIG. 1A is a signaling diagram illustrating a conventional procedure for the random access channel (RACH) in the E-UTRAN/LTE system.
  • E-UTRAN evolved UTRAN
  • LTE long term evolution
  • this radio access technology is not limiting to the broader teachings herein but rather a concrete example to better describe one manner for how these teachings can be implemented.
  • these teachings may be utilized with other types of radio access technologies (RATs) which utilize a random access channel procedure for establishing/re-establishing a connection between a UE and a radio network, including but not limited to LTE- Advanced (LTE- A), Universal Terrestrial Access Radio Network (UTRAN), Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA), and other cellular radio technologies now established or yet to be developed.
  • LTE- A LTE- Advanced
  • UTRAN Universal Terrestrial Access Radio Network
  • GSM Global System for Mobile Communications
  • WCDMA Wideband Code Division Multiple Access
  • contention based In general there are two types of conventional RACH procedures: contention based and non-contention based. One main difference between these is that in contention-based the UE randomly selects a preamble to send in RACH message 1 while in the non-contention based the preamble is assigned by the network in a RACH message 0 (not shown at Figure IB, which is useful for example when the UE's coverage is inadvertently dropped).
  • the UE sends its preamble (sometimes also referred to as a sequence) along with a cyclic prefix (CP) on the PRACH and looks for the RACH message 2 in a random access response window which begins in the third subframe following the RACH message 1. If the UE does not see a RACH message 2 addressed to itself within that time window it will re-transmit the preamble with increased transmit power and check again for a RACH message 2. This power increase continues a third time if needed, and if the UE still fails to see a RACH message 2 addressed to itself after the second re-transmission of the same preamble the UE will begin the entire RACH procedure again with the initial (lower) transmit power and a new preamble.
  • CP cyclic prefix
  • RACH message 2 is actually two downlink messages, the first being a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) which informs the UE of the resource allocation for the actual RAR, and the second being the RAR which is on a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) scheduled by the PDCCH.
  • PDCCH physical downlink control channel
  • PDSCH physical downlink shared channel
  • the UE knows the PDCCH is addressed to itself if the cyclic redundancy bits (CC) are scrambled with the random access radio network temporary identifier (RA-RNTI) that the UE used in its RACH message 1.
  • RA-RNTI random access radio network temporary identifier
  • the RAR message itself addresses the preamble that was originally sent by the UE and gives the UE the network timing information (if the UE is not already synchronized) and also will grant to the UE the uplink resources it will used for RACH message 3.
  • the UE sends RACH message 3 is a layer 3 message sent on the physical uplink control channel (PUSCH) identified in the RAR. Now the UE is connected to the network and can receive a 'normal' (non-RACH) PDCCH which allocated uplink or downlink resources for the now-connected UE to exchange data with the network.
  • PUSCH physical uplink control channel
  • the MTC UE sends the RACH message 1 on the random access channel such that the RACH message 1 includes at least one instance of a cyclic prefix (CP) and a plurality of N instances of a sequence (PRACH preamble).
  • CP cyclic prefix
  • PRACH preamble a sequence
  • N is an integer greater than one to provide the repetition to increase the coverage.
  • variable repetition length (a variable/configurable value for N) and is the value for N could be either eNB configurable which is delivered for example by SIB/MIB, or selected by the UE itself based on its estimation of coverage improvement needs.
  • a new PRACH format which includes exactly one instance of the CP 202 and a plurality of N instances of the sequence 204a, 204b, 204c, etc.
  • the number N is configurable by eNB in this example, and in a preferred embodiment this new PRACH format is used only on a radio resource (time and frequency) on the PRACH that is dedicated only for use by MTC UEs.
  • N 6.
  • the dedicated PRACH resource is indicated to the UE by the eNB in broadcast system information, specifically in a master information block (MIB) or in a system information block (SIB).
  • the value for N is selected by the eNB based on the worst case scenario, which the UE can determine based on operator requirements or the cell-specific situation. Where the value for N is indicated in the MIB/SIB it will be the same for all MTC UEs in the cell.
  • the various length PRACH message l's can share the same PRACH resource, in which case the second example embodiment detailed below would typically be better suited.
  • the eNB sees the same length of PRACH (CP+sequence) mixed together, and will detect for different length PRACH after storing enough repetitions.
  • the MTC UE may pick one appropriate repetition number N based on the downlink signal quality, or from a selected set of possible repetition number candidates assigned as is detailed further below.
  • a conventional PRACH format can be re -used for the RACH message 1 (300).
  • the MTC UE sends a repetition of the whole PRACH message 1 for N times on sequential PRACH transmission time intervals TTIs. That is, for a given value N the UE will send one instance of the CP 302a, 302b, 302c, etc., along with one instance of the sequence 304a, 304b, 304c, etc., in each of N sequential TTIs 306a, 306b, 306c, etc.; for a total of N CPs and N sequences. For each repetition transmission, the MTC will align with the TTI start timing just as it does for the first transmission at TTI 306a, as shown specifically at Figure 3.
  • the MTC PRACH resource does not need to be dedicated and so it can be shared with another (non-MTC, or 'normal') UE's PRACH resource.
  • the allowed repetition length is defined as a closed set, for example the value for N is restricted to be selected from the set ⁇ 1, 10, 50, 100 ⁇ . The value of 1 is left in the set in case there is a MTC UE that does not need coverage enhancements, whereas those MTC UEs that do need such coverage improvement can use a higher value for N in their first transmission of the RACH message 1.
  • the MTC UE may increase the PRACH repetition number N compared to its previous try, in addition to conventionally increasing its transmit power for message 1.
  • the MTC UE will in an embodiment internally track a new parameter PREAMBLE_REPETITIONNUM which tracks the most recent value for N that the MTC UE used prior to obtaining a network connection.
  • the choice for the initial length/value for N can be made from an estimation of downlink signal power, and/or from the time for the UE to acquire the network's synchronization signal.
  • the initial value for N can be linked to the repetition length one or more of the PDCCH, one of the shared channels (SCH), or the broadcast channel (BCH).
  • the initial value for N can be indicated by the eNB for the case in which the eNB orders the MTC UE to undergo a PRACH procedure (for example, via the PDCCH).
  • the blind detections by the eNB of the repetition number N of the MTC UE' s message 1 can be reduced by either or both of two techniques. Firstly, blind detections by the eNB can be reduced by having any RACH message 1 with a specific value for N (or whenever N>1 is used from a restricted set of N values) only start in a certain time-restricted position.
  • the eNB From that time restricted position the eNB will then know the value of N (or that it is one of a limited number of possible values), and limit its blind detections for the end of the message 1 with the N instances of the sequence (or of the CP and sequence together).
  • the message 1 with N>1 can be restricted so that the preamble/sequence is dedicated for the N>1 purpose (for example, selected from a group of sequences that are reserved for N>1 use) or the N>1 message 1 must be sent on a PRACH frequency/time resource that is dedicated for use with a given value of N>1.
  • the start of the RAR window in which the MTC UE searches for the RACH message 2 can be defined in one of three ways. In a first embodiment the RAR window starts at the subframe that contains the end of the first repetition transmission plus three subframes. In a second embodiment the RAR window starts at the subframe that contains the end of the last repetition transmission plus three subframes.
  • the RAR window starts at the subframe that contains the end of the last repetition transmission of the allowed maximum N repetition occasions plus three subframes, regardless of whether there are actually N max imum allowed sequences used in the corresponding RACH message 1 that the MTC UE transmitted.
  • Embodiments of these teachings provide the technical effect of enabling the PRACH to provide a fairly extreme (20 dB) coverage improvement for MTC UEs.
  • Other techniques above provide the technical effect of reducing the (otherwise required) blind detection for the PRACH detection, therefore conserving power.
  • FIG. 5 presents a summary of the above teachings for controlling and/or for operating a user equipment (UE) such as a UE that is seeking to establish or re-establish a connection with a LTE access node as in the non-limiting examples above.
  • UE user equipment
  • the UE sends in a first message on a random access channel RACH at least one instance of a cyclic prefix and a configurable number of N instances of a sequence, wherein N is an integer greater than one.
  • the MTC UE searches for a second message that replies to the first message, where the search is restricted to a window defined by the first message and implicitly linked to the number N used in the first message.
  • the UE is a MTC UE, and the first message is sent on a dedicated resource of the random access channel.
  • the number of N is configured by a) a broadcast SIB/MIB received by the UE; or b) by the UE itself, based on the UE's estimate of coverage improvement.
  • Block 508 of Figure 5 summarizes the first example embodiment described above with respect to Figure 2, namely that the first message comprises exactly one instance of the cyclic prefix and the N instances of the sequence. Block 508 is detailed above as being most appropriate for this first example embodiment.
  • Block 510 of Figure 5 summarizes the second example embodiment described above with respect to Figure 3, namely that the first message comprises N instances of the cyclic prefix and the N instances of the sequence. As illustrated specifically at Figure 3 the first message is sent in N transmission time intervals (TTIs), each TTI comprising exactly one instance of the cyclic prefix and exactly one instance of the sequence. Also noted above were advantages for this second embodiment in which the value for N>1 is selected from a closed set, such as ⁇ 1, 25, 50, 100 ⁇ .
  • transmission of the first message begins in a transmission time interval TTI that is derived by the UE as a function of a system frame number SNF and the number N; and/or a function of a time and frequency radio resource based on the number N. This aids in reducing the eNB's blind detection burden for finding the first message and is summarized at block 512 of Figure 5.
  • Block 514 summarizes one implementation for the case in which the MTC UE fails to receive the second message after the searching noted in block 504.
  • block 514 provides that the MTC UE should re-send the first message with increased transmit power and a higher value for N, as compared to the sending of the first message which was done at block 502.
  • block 516 of Figure 5 summarizes some embodiments for defining the RAR window. Specifically, the window defined by the first message begins three subframes following a subframe:
  • the logic diagram of Figure 5 may be considered to illustrate the operation of a method, and a result of execution of a computer program stored in a computer readable memory, and a specific manner in which components of an electronic device are configured to cause that electronic device to operate, whether such an electronic device is an MTC UE or some other portable electronic device that is seeking to establish or re-establish a connection to its access node/eNB, or one or more components thereof such as a modem, chipset, or the like.
  • the various blocks shown in Figure 5 may also be considered as a plurality of coupled logic circuit elements constructed to carry out the associated function(s), or specific result of strings of computer program code or instructions stored in a memory.
  • Such blocks and the functions they represent are non-limiting examples, and may be practiced in various components such as integrated circuit chips and modules, and that the exemplary embodiments of this invention may be realized in an apparatus that is embodied as an integrated circuit.
  • the integrated circuit, or circuits may comprise circuitry (as well as possibly firmware) for embodying at least one or more of a data processor or data processors, a digital signal processor or processors, baseband circuitry and radio frequency circuitry that are configurable so as to operate in accordance with the exemplary embodiments of this invention.
  • circuit/circuitry embodiments include any of the following: (a) hardware-only circuit implementations (such as implementations in only analog and/or digital circuitry) and (b) combinations of circuits and software (and/or firmware), such as: (i) a combination of processor(s) or (ii) portions of processor(s)/software (including digital signal processor(s)), software, and memory(ies) that work together to cause an apparatus, such as a user equipment/UE/MTC UE, to perform the various functions summarized at Figure 5 and (c) circuits, such as a microprocessor(s) or a portion of a microprocessor(s), that require software or firmware for operation, even if the software or firmware is not physically present.
  • circuitry would also cover an implementation of merely a processor (or multiple processors) or portion of a processor and its (or their) accompanying software and/or firmware.
  • circuitry also covers, for example, a baseband integrated circuit or applications processor integrated circuit for a user equipment UE or for a network access node/eNB or a similar integrated circuit in a server or other network device which operates according to these teachings.
  • an eNB 22 is adapted for communication over a wireless link 21 with an apparatus, such as a mobile terminal or MTC UE 20.
  • the eNB 22 may be any access node (including frequency selective repeaters) of any wireless network using licensed bands, such as LTE, LTE-A, GSM, GERAN, WCDMA, and the like.
  • the operator network of which the eNB 22 is a part may also include a network control element such as a mobility management entity MME and/or serving gateway SGW 24, or radio network controller RNC in the case of a UTRAN, either of which provide connectivity with the core cellular network and with further networks (e.g., a publicly switched telephone network PSTN and/or a data communications network/Internet).
  • a network control element such as a mobility management entity MME and/or serving gateway SGW 24, or radio network controller RNC in the case of a UTRAN, either of which provide connectivity with the core cellular network and with further networks (e.g., a publicly switched telephone network PSTN and/or a data communications network/Internet).
  • MME mobility management entity
  • SGW 24 serving gateway
  • RNC radio network controller
  • the MTC UE 20 includes processing means such as at least one data processor (DP) 20A, storing means such as at least one computer-readable memory (MEM) 20B storing at least one computer program (PROG) 20C, and communication means such as a transmitter TX 20D and a receiver RX 20E for bidirectional wireless communications with the eNB 22 via one or more antennas 20F. Also stored in the MEM 20B at reference number 20G are the algorithms or look-up tables which enable the MTC UE 20 to figure out the value of N>1 to use for the repetitions in its RACH message 1, according to the various embodiments described in further detail above.
  • DP data processor
  • MEM computer-readable memory
  • PROG computer program
  • communication means such as a transmitter TX 20D and a receiver RX 20E for bidirectional wireless communications with the eNB 22 via one or more antennas 20F.
  • communication means such as a transmitter TX 20D and a receiver RX 20E for bidirectional wireless communications with the eNB 22 via one or more antenna
  • the eNB 22 also includes processing means such as at least one data processor (DP) 22A, storing means such as at least one computer-readable memory (MEM) 22B storing at least one computer program (PROG) 22C, and communication means such as a transmitter TX 22D and a receiver RX 22E for bidirectional wireless communications with the UE 20 via one or more antennas 22F.
  • the eNB 22 stores at block 22G its own algorithms/look-up tables for deciding and signaling the value for N (in certain embodiments), or for reducing its blind detection in other embodiments where the MTC UE decides the value for N, as are detailed above with particularity.
  • FIG. 6 also shows high level details of the MME 24, including processing means such as at least one data processor (DP) 24A, storing means such as at least one computer-readable memory (MEM) 24B storing at least one computer program (PROG) 24C, and communication means such as a modem 24H for bidirectional wireless communications with the eNB 22 via a data/control link 25.
  • processing means such as at least one data processor (DP) 24A
  • MEM computer-readable memory
  • PROG computer program
  • communication means such as a modem 24H for bidirectional wireless communications with the eNB 22 via a data/control link 25.
  • those devices are also assumed to include as part of their wireless communicating means a modem and/or a chipset which may or may not be inbuilt onto an RF front end chip within those devices 20, 22, and which may also operate according to the specific non-limiting examples set forth above.
  • At least one of the PROGs 20C in the UE 20 is assumed to include a set of program instructions that, when executed by the associated DP 20A, enable the device to operate in accordance with the exemplary embodiments of this invention, as detailed above.
  • the eNB 22 also has software stored in its MEM 22B to implement certain aspects of these teachings such as determining the value of N to signal or to limit its blind detection burden.
  • the exemplary embodiments of this invention may be implemented at least in part by computer software stored on the MEM 20B, 22B which is executable by the DP 20A of the UE 20 and/or by the DP 22A of the eNB 22; or by hardware, or by a combination of tangibly stored software and hardware (and tangibly stored firmware) in any one or more of these devices 20, 22.
  • Electronic devices implementing these aspects of the invention need not be the entire devices as depicted at Figure 6 or may be one or more components of same such as the above described tangibly stored software, hardware, firmware and DP, or a system on a chip SOC or an application specific integrated circuit ASIC.
  • the various embodiments of the UE 20 can include, but are not limited to personal portable digital devices having wireless communication capabilities, including but not limited to cellular and other mobile telephones, navigation devices, laptop/palmtop/tablet computers, digital cameras and music devices, and Internet appliances.
  • the MTC UE device may also be embodied as a radio device having inputs from a sensor such as a pole-mounted or meter-mounted radio that records and reports electrical parameters in a smart-grid deployment, or in an industrial or agricultural deployment in which the MTC radio device records and reports environmental and/or process conditions.
  • Other possible deployments for MTC devices include vehicles such as ships, airplanes and cars to monitor and report information on systems and environmental conditions; and urban areas to record and report traffic conditions in real time. There are many others.
  • MTC devices can take a wide variety of forms and so they are defined more by their radio functionality than their physical embodiment.
  • Various embodiments of the computer readable MEMs 20B, 22B include any data storage technology type which is suitable to the local technical environment, including but not limited to semiconductor based memory devices, magnetic memory devices and systems, optical memory devices and systems, fixed memory, removable memory, disc memory, flash memory, DRAM, SRAM, EEPROM and the like.
  • Various embodiments of the DPs 20 A, 22A include but are not limited to general purpose computers, special purpose computers, microprocessors, digital signal processors (DSPs) and multi-core processors.

Abstract

Un équipement d'utilisateur (UE) transmet, dans un premier message sur un canal d'accès aléatoire, au moins une instance d'un préfixe cyclique (CP) et un nombre configurable de N instances d'une séquence (N>1) ; et il recherche ensuite un second message qui répond au premier message dans une fenêtre définie par le premier message et implicitement liée au nombre N utilisé dans le premier message. N peut être configuré par l'UE sur la base de son estimation d'une amélioration de la couverture et/ou par le réseau, et signalé via un SIB/MIB de diffusion. Dans un mode de réalisation, le premier message a un seul CP et N séquences ; dans un autre mode de réalisation, le CP et la séquence sont placés dans chacun de N intervalles de temps de transmission (TTI). La transmission du premier message débute dans un TTI qui est fonction : a) d'un nombre de trames système et du nombre N ; et/ou b) d'une ressource radio temps-fréquence basée sur le nombre N.
PCT/CN2013/070708 2013-01-18 2013-01-18 Accès aléatoire pour l'amélioration d'une couverture WO2014110805A1 (fr)

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CN109275157A (zh) * 2018-11-28 2019-01-25 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 一种基站的nprace的配置参数优化方法和装置
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