WO2014107774A1 - Método de brasagem de uma pinça a um corpo de mandril hidráulico e método de substituição de uma pinça em um corpo de mandril hidráulico - Google Patents
Método de brasagem de uma pinça a um corpo de mandril hidráulico e método de substituição de uma pinça em um corpo de mandril hidráulico Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014107774A1 WO2014107774A1 PCT/BR2013/000017 BR2013000017W WO2014107774A1 WO 2014107774 A1 WO2014107774 A1 WO 2014107774A1 BR 2013000017 W BR2013000017 W BR 2013000017W WO 2014107774 A1 WO2014107774 A1 WO 2014107774A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- mandrel body
- brazing
- mandrel
- sae
- collet
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B31/00—Chucks; Expansion mandrels; Adaptations thereof for remote control
- B23B31/02—Chucks
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/002—Soldering by means of induction heating
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of joining a collet to a hydraulic mandrel body in which two distinct metal materials are preferably used in the manufacture of the mandrel body and the forceps.
- the hydraulic chuck referred to in the present invention is called the bi-metallic hydraulic chuck.
- the clamp is joined to the mandrel body by an induction brazing or torch process.
- the heat treatment of the metal materials constituting the tweezers and the mandrel body is performed separately and the brazing process is done after this heat treatment.
- the present invention further relates to a method of replacing a forceps with a mandrel body.
- brazing rings are inserted into the cavity of the mandrel body and then the tweezers are introduced. Then the brazing process of the tweezers in the mandrels is carried out simultaneously with the quenching of the metal material under the same atmosphere as the furnace. In addition, materials must be cooled in a controlled atmosphere. This precludes control of how and when brazing is done, making it impossible to use different materials on the body and chuck collet.
- US 6,488,285 B1 relates to a hydraulic chuck including a central bore for receiving a tool shank. At least one closed cavity is arranged in the mandrel body adjacent to the hole and extending circumferentially for a distance of less than 360 degrees.
- the well containing the device communicates with the medium for pressurizing the medium to deform radially and expand the wall of the 'hole of a normal diameter to a larger diameter to allow the tool shank to be moved into or from the bore . Depressing the medium causes the hole wall to retract radially to the normal diameter for attachment of the limb to the hole.
- the cavities present in the mandrel are spaced circumferentially from each other, but communicate with each other by means of a circular connecting channel.
- Communicating with this channel is a radial hole that extends from the outer surface of the mandrel body and intersects the channel, thereby forming an interconnecting port.
- the hydraulic mandrel clamping process is accomplished by welding, screwing, brazing, among others, through the posterior portion of the mandrel.
- US 20 1/156363 A1 discloses a clamping tool device comprising a retaining tool body for securely clamping to a rotary tool comprising an axis having a clamping section and a receiving aperture for the tool spindle, a coolant supply device for pressurized fluid, at least one guiding coolant for guiding the coolant into a clamped tool spindle.
- a coolant storage chamber and / or collection chamber is connected by an annular space to the middle of the tool holder device.
- the coolant storage chamber and / or the collection chamber and the annular space are defined at least partially by the work shaft.
- the document further discloses that there is a cover element welded to the front end of the mandrel body.
- WO 2005/115665 A1 discloses a mandrel composed of a main body defining a receiving hydraulic fluid housing and comprising a tool receiving portion with at least one deformable wall portion.
- the nose body is provided with a nose portion and a rear axle portion.
- US 5,711,538 discloses a precision tool clamping tool rod, for example.
- the tool consists of a base body, an expansion sleeve that is removably mounted on a radially deformable base body part, and a device for introducing a hydraulic medium into a working space. pressure provided between the expansion sleeve and the base body wall.
- the expansion sleeve is made of a thermoplastic material, especially a linear polyester such as PET, PBT and PC, or a mixture thereof and a polyblend (polymer blend having a high impact resistance and containing chlorinated polyethylene) with comparatively thick walls, at least in their radially deformable part.
- the proposed tool differs from a mandrel because it serves to hold internal - not external - diameters by expanding its sleeve. None of the above documents discusses the use of mandrel components - brazed or welded collets, for example - made of material other than that used in the mandrel body.
- Hydraulic chuck manufacturers today manufacture chucks and their collets from the same material - usually SAE H13 steel - due to their elastic deformation properties and especially the ability to perform air quenching.
- SAE H13 steel for example, can be quenched in air, thus contributing to the brazing of the tweezers after the quenching process.
- Another advantage of brazing after quenching is the possibility of recovering approximately 100% of damaged hydraulic chucks, as it is possible to extract the damaged tongs and braze new tongs.
- the present invention relates to a method of brazing a forceps to a hydraulic mandrel body comprising the steps of: heat treating the forceps; cool the tweezers; check for tweezers defects; heat treat the mandrel body; cool the arbor body; blasting the mandrel body; clean a chamber of the mandrel body to eliminate grease; position at least two brazing rings in the mandrel body chamber; apply brazing flux to regions of at least two brazing rings; position the forceps in the chamber; mounting the mandrel on a brazing device wherein the mandrel is disposed with the chamber portion facing downwards; position a dial indicator on the back of the mandrel body; heating the regions of at least two brazing rings providing fusion of at least two brazing rings; cool the rear mandrel body by compressed air simultaneously with the heating step; monitor a spindle displacement from the dial indicator; and stop heating of the regions of at least two brazing rings when the dial indicator registers displacement stabilization.
- the present invention further relates to a method of replacing a forceps in a hydraulic mandrel body, wherein the forceps are brazed to the mandrel body according to the brazing method proposed in the present invention, which comprises the steps of: extracting the mandrel body collet by turning, milling, induction coil or torch; turning the chamber of the mandrel body to remove imperfections; and brazing a new, heat-treated tweezers into the chamber according to the brazing method proposed in the present invention.
- Figure 1 is a representation of a bi-metallic hydraulic mandrel with the forceps to be brazed and the brazing rings;
- Figure 2 is a perspective view of a bi-metallic hydraulic chuck, the clamp to be brazed and the brazing rings;
- Figure 3 is a representation of a bi-metallic hydraulic chuck with brazing rings inserted therein;
- Figure 4 is a bottom view of a bi-metallic hydraulic chuck with brazing rings inserted therein;
- Figure 5 is a representation of a bi-metallic hydraulic mandrel with brazed forceps thereon;
- Figure 6 is a representation of a bi-metallic hydraulic chuck being subjected to the clamp joining the hydraulic body by induction brazing;
- Figure 7 is a representation of a bi-metallic hydraulic chuck being subjected to the clamp joining the hydraulic body by torch brazing.
- the present invention solves the problems presented in the prior art by means of a hydraulic mandrel manufacturing method wherein the brazing of the forceps to the mandrel body is performed after the quenching process.
- a hydraulic mandrel manufacturing method wherein the brazing of the forceps to the mandrel body is performed after the quenching process.
- more than one type of metal material can be used to manufacture the hydraulic chuck.
- a cheaper steel with better mechanical characteristics is used in the manufacture of the mandrel body.
- quenching of the collet and mandrel body is performed separately.
- SAE H13 steel which is a hot work tool steel that has the following characteristics: good temperability; good resistance to heat softening; uniform structure; absence of internal defects; good machinability; good toughness and crack resistance; wear and oxidation resistance; and easy polishing.
- SAE H13 steel has elastic deformation properties that are suitable for hydraulic chuck collet and especially the ability to quench in air.
- the heat treatment required by SAE H13 steel is to subject it to quenching and tempering so that its structure can be modified under controlled conditions of temperature, weather, atmosphere and cooling.
- several of the properties of SAE H13 steel are improved, such as hardness, machinability, wear and corrosion resistance.
- Nitriding in turn, can also be performed and consists of the application of nitrogen to the steel structure, causing a change in its chemical composition and microstructure, mainly by the formation of nitrides in its surface.
- nitrogen can also be performed and consists of the application of nitrogen to the steel structure, causing a change in its chemical composition and microstructure, mainly by the formation of nitrides in its surface.
- film coating which consists of the application of a thin layer of ceramic material, seeking an increase in the wear resistance of the mold surface, as well as a reduction of its coefficient of friction.
- the chemical characteristics of the steel surface are also changed, decreasing the effect of intermetallic alloy formation and increasing oxidation resistance.
- the chuck In quenching of chucks made of SAE H 3 steel, the chuck is heated in a first furnace compartment until it reaches quench temperature. In this process, some gases such as propane are added to prevent decarbonization. Unlike other steels that are thermally shocked in oil or other liquid media, SAE H13 passes into the second oven compartment, where it will be cooled.
- This second compartment has the following characteristics: (i) there is no more heating; (ii) there is not a very large difference in temperature compared to ambient air; and (iii) no contact with oxygen - has a controlled atmosphere.
- the purpose of cooling the parts in a controlled atmosphere - not ambient air - is due to the fact that the presence of excess oxygen generates scale on the steel and may compromise the tempering quality of the material.
- Figure 1 shows a bi-metallic hydraulic chuck composed of a chuck body 1 having at its rear a socket 4 to be coupled to a machine.
- the mandrel body 1 also has at its front a chamber 5 for receiving the tweezers 2.
- the tweezers 2 after being inserted and fixed through the brazing rings 3 (brazing means), in the chamber 5 of the The body of the mandrel 1 will act in the fixing of cylindrical shank tools such as cutters, drills, countersinks, countersinks, among others.
- Figure 2 shows a perspective view of the mandrel of figure 1, highlighting the forceps 2 to be brazed to the mandrel through the brazing rings 3.
- the method of joining a tweezers 2 into a bi-metallic hydraulic chuck presented in the present invention proposes the joining of the tweezers 2 to the mandrel bodies 1 by the brazing process (induction and / or torch) after the quenching process of the metallic materials. .
- the brazing process takes place by the use of two brazing rings 3 which are introduced into the chamber 5 of the mandrel body 1 prior to the insertion of the respective collet 2.
- the fabrication of the hydraulic body 1 of the mandrel primarily consists of a step of sawing the steel, where this steel is different from the steel used in the manufacture of the tweezers.
- the steel used in the fabrication of the body of the mandrel 1 is SAE 8620. Then, this steel is turned with oversize and the necessary slots are milled in the workpiece.
- the mandrel body 1 is then subjected to the carburizing, tempering and tempering processes respectively. After these steps, the mandrel body 1 is sandblasted and cleaned to then receive the tweezers and brazing rings 3.
- Figures 3 and 4 show in detail the two brazing rings 3 already inserted into chamber 5 of the mandrel body 1.
- Figure 5 shows the forceps 2 already brazed to the mandrel body 1. Note the presence of brazing points, brazing rings 3.
- a tool shank 6 is also coupled to the mandrel collet 2.
- This joint consists of an induction and / or torch brazing process and is performed with a control of the exact moment when the forceps are being brazed in the bearings.
- the body of the hydraulic chuck 1 is first blasted, mainly in chamber 5, where the tweezers will be brazed. Then, chamber 5 is cleaned with benzene to remove all existing oiliness and the rings are introduced. brazing means 3 (brazing means). Then the brazing flow medium is applied to the region of the rings 3 and the tempered tweezers 2 are packed. After this preparation for brazing, the mandrel body 1 is mounted on a device suitable for induction, with the portion of the chamber 5 facing downwards so that the brazing medium can flow by gravity to the places to be fixed.
- the collet 2 is guided in a counterpoint 10 and the inductor coil 7 is aligned in the region of the brazing bearings, where the brazing rings 3 are located.
- This assembly is shown in figure 6.
- a electric current to the induction coil 7 to heat the junction area and therefore the brazing means - brazing rings 3 - and the brazing flow medium. In this way the brazing medium melts and the brazing process is performed.
- coil 7 shown in figure 6 has two turns, each turn being aligned in the region of one of the brazing bearings.
- a dial indicator 8 is positioned on the back of the body of the mandrel 1.
- Induction equipment is programmed by varying power, time and diameter of coil 7, according to the hardness of the materials involved, as well as the mass and diameter of each piece to be brazed. .
- the rear of the body 1 receives cooling by compressed air, preventing the hardness of the cone from being affected.
- the body 1 goes down as the brazing medium fuses (this is the exact moment when brazing happens) to a point where it no longer moves, because the tweezers 2 lodged perfectly.
- This offset is shown by the distance "D" in figure 6.
- this brazing process can be done with the workpiece rotating about its longitudinal axis, thus ensuring uniform heating.
- the torch brazing process 9, shown in figure 7, is similar to that previously discussed and can be applied when there is no availability of the appropriate inductive coil 7 or access restriction.
- the Induction brazing provides better process control, less damaging the outer surface of the workpiece and better preserving the hardness of the tweezers and the outside of the mandrel.
- the steel used in the manufacture of the mandrel body 1 can be: SAE 8620, SAE 20Mn Cr5, SAE 1045, SAE 8640, SAE 4140, SAE 4320, SAE 4340, VM20, VMO, among others.
- SAE 8620 steel is used, which has more attractive characteristics compared to SAE H13 steel currently used by hydraulic chuck manufacturers.
- SAE 8620 steel accepts carburizing well and can reach a hardness of up to 64 HRc while steel SAE H13 can reach up to approximately 58 HRc.
- a tool being made of SAE 8620 steel implies a longer service life, with less wear on the rear (cone) that will be fixed to the spindle of the machines (spindle). Since SAE 8620 hardened steel can reach a carburizing layer of up to 1.5 mm, it provides high external hardness and a lower hard core, which is ideal for the application of machining tools (chucks, adapters). , bars, etc.) as the tool thus has greater toughness - if there is a collision or high stress on a tool made of SAE 8620 steel it has greater resistance to cracking and breaking.
- the collet 2 may be manufactured, but not limited to, with one of the following steels: SAE 5160 (preferably), SAE H13, SAE 4140, SAE 4320, SAE 4340 and VMO.
- SAE 5160 preferably
- SAE H13 preferably
- SAE 4140 preferably
- SAE 4320 preferably
- SAE 4340 preferably
- VMO vanadium-oxide-semiconductor
- the damaged collet 2 is also extracted by brazing (faster) or by turning it. In this way, the mechanical characteristics of the metal material at the rear (type of attachment) of the mandrel body 1 are not compromised and a new tempered collet 2 is brazed in place of the extracted collet.
- the manufacturing method of the present invention provides that approximately 100% of the damaged chucks are recovered. Moreover, it drastically reduces the likelihood of oil leakage in the chucks.
- the reduction in the manufacturing costs of hydraulic chucks entails offering such chucks at lower costs to customers.
- the present invention provides the possibility of replacing the damaged collets 2 without compromising mechanical properties such as the hardness of the collets 2 and also the rear of the mandrel body 1 where it is attached to the machines. This is also interesting for customers as the service life of hydraulic chucks increases considerably with the replacement of the calipers 2.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
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Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
BR112015016440A BR112015016440A2 (pt) | 2013-01-11 | 2013-01-11 | método de brasagem de uma pinça a um corpo de mandril hidráulico e método de substituição de uma pinça em um corpo de mandril hidráulico |
PCT/BR2013/000017 WO2014107774A1 (pt) | 2013-01-11 | 2013-01-11 | Método de brasagem de uma pinça a um corpo de mandril hidráulico e método de substituição de uma pinça em um corpo de mandril hidráulico |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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PCT/BR2013/000017 WO2014107774A1 (pt) | 2013-01-11 | 2013-01-11 | Método de brasagem de uma pinça a um corpo de mandril hidráulico e método de substituição de uma pinça em um corpo de mandril hidráulico |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2014107774A1 true WO2014107774A1 (pt) | 2014-07-17 |
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Family Applications (1)
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PCT/BR2013/000017 WO2014107774A1 (pt) | 2013-01-11 | 2013-01-11 | Método de brasagem de uma pinça a um corpo de mandril hidráulico e método de substituição de uma pinça em um corpo de mandril hidráulico |
Country Status (2)
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BR (1) | BR112015016440A2 (pt) |
WO (1) | WO2014107774A1 (pt) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112705745A (zh) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-04-27 | 河南航天液压气动技术有限公司 | 一种卧式加工中心b轴标定找正系统及其工作方法 |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5462293A (en) * | 1993-03-22 | 1995-10-31 | Etp Transmission Ab | Chuck having an integrated cone or machine spindle |
US6260858B1 (en) * | 2000-01-12 | 2001-07-17 | Induction Technologies | Insulated heat shrink tool holder |
WO2009045775A2 (en) * | 2007-10-03 | 2009-04-09 | Kennametal Inc. | Shrink fit sleeve for tool holder |
-
2013
- 2013-01-11 BR BR112015016440A patent/BR112015016440A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2013-01-11 WO PCT/BR2013/000017 patent/WO2014107774A1/pt active Application Filing
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5462293A (en) * | 1993-03-22 | 1995-10-31 | Etp Transmission Ab | Chuck having an integrated cone or machine spindle |
US6260858B1 (en) * | 2000-01-12 | 2001-07-17 | Induction Technologies | Insulated heat shrink tool holder |
WO2009045775A2 (en) * | 2007-10-03 | 2009-04-09 | Kennametal Inc. | Shrink fit sleeve for tool holder |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112705745A (zh) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-04-27 | 河南航天液压气动技术有限公司 | 一种卧式加工中心b轴标定找正系统及其工作方法 |
CN112705745B (zh) * | 2020-12-03 | 2022-02-15 | 河南航天液压气动技术有限公司 | 一种卧式加工中心b轴标定找正系统及其工作方法 |
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Publication number | Publication date |
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BR112015016440A2 (pt) | 2017-07-11 |
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