WO2014107114A1 - Structure de maintien et procédé de construction d'une structure en béton ayant des côtés inclinés - Google Patents

Structure de maintien et procédé de construction d'une structure en béton ayant des côtés inclinés Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014107114A1
WO2014107114A1 PCT/NO2013/050224 NO2013050224W WO2014107114A1 WO 2014107114 A1 WO2014107114 A1 WO 2014107114A1 NO 2013050224 W NO2013050224 W NO 2013050224W WO 2014107114 A1 WO2014107114 A1 WO 2014107114A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
support members
support
concrete
slipform
shaft
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/NO2013/050224
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Odd Jahr
Original Assignee
Odd Jahr
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Odd Jahr filed Critical Odd Jahr
Publication of WO2014107114A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014107114A1/fr

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/52—Submerged foundations, i.e. submerged in open water
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B17/02—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor placed by lowering the supporting construction to the bottom, e.g. with subsequent fixing thereto
    • E02B17/025—Reinforced concrete structures
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
    • E04G11/06—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for walls, e.g. curved end panels for wall shutterings; filler elements for wall shutterings; shutterings for vertical ducts
    • E04G11/20—Movable forms; Movable forms for moulding cylindrical, conical or hyperbolical structures; Templates serving as forms for positioning blocks or the like
    • E04G11/22—Sliding forms raised continuously or step-by-step and being in contact with the poured concrete during raising and which are not anchored in the hardened concrete; Arrangements of lifting means therefor

Definitions

  • the invention concerns the field of slipform casting. More specifically, the invention concerns a concrete support structure, and a method of constructing a concrete structure, as set out by the preambles of claims 1 and 6.
  • slipforming is well known in the casting of concrete structures.
  • a slipform comprises two rigid plate elements (referred to as “form halves” or “form sides”) that constitute mould surfaces between which concrete is continuously poured and shaped to form structures (straight, circular, curved, etc.).
  • the slipform sides are moved synchronously, usually by means of a yoke and a lifting arrangement.
  • Slipform casting is commonly used to make structures such as land-based concrete structures and cylindrical and conical towers, floating concrete support structures, and columns and platform foundations (so-called gravity base structures; GBS) that are subsequently placed on a seabed and serve as foundations for e.g. wind turbine generators or offshore oil and gas platforms.
  • GBS gravity base structures
  • a common feature of concrete structures that are intended as offshore support foundations (floating or fixed) is that their cross-section is not constant, but is the narrowest in the region of the nominal water line.
  • the structures flare outwards to wider cross-sections above and below the water line.
  • the structure is in the shape of a cone segment below the water line and an inverted cone segment above the water line.
  • Such cone segment is commonly referred to a frustum or a frusto-conical body, irrespective of its orientation.
  • the structure below the water line may also be cylindrical.
  • frusto-conical concrete structures for offshore use are made by means of slipform casting, as it is desirable to have water-tight structure with as few casting joints as possible.
  • slipform sides form the inner and outer contours of the inclined concrete walls.
  • These inclined walls may have varying thicknesses with varying vertical radii of curvature.
  • the concrete wall may also have varying horizontal radii of curvature.
  • slipform When the slipform is moved upwards (e.g. is lifted), the interconnected slipform sides slide upwards and shape inner and outer contours of the wall that is in the process of being cast. This happens during the first part of the curing process.
  • the wall contour When the concrete emerges from below the slipform sides, the wall contour has been shaped and the concrete has cured sufficiently for it to support its own weight (and the fresh concrete being poured on top of it) and retain its shape without support from the slipform.
  • a common slipform height is 1 meter.
  • the straight and rigid slipform sides will always form a chord to the theoretically curved wall contour.
  • a cavity will be formed between the chord defined by the straight and rigid slipform sides and the vertical curve to be formed.
  • the increased friction may in turn pull along some of the fresh concrete being present between the slipform sides, and all the way into the already assembled reinforcement of horizontal and inclined bars.
  • This movement will, together with the flow of fresh concrete, result in a combined relative movement of the still uncured concrete between the slipform sides and the already assembled lattice of horizontal and inclined reinforcement bars.
  • the movement will result in bond behaviour of the concrete to the reinforcement bars being reduced, and visible lifting fissures and cracks may appear in the concrete surface. Such reduced bond behaviour may appear even when using conventional slipforms, caused by uncontrolled slipform movements.
  • One objective of the present invention is to obtain a solution for slipform-cast concrete structures that have inclined sides, e.g. a frusto-conical shape (i.e. increasing or decreasing cross-section with height), and producing concrete structures that have a similar strength (or better) as structures being cast using conventional slipforming techniques.
  • Another objective is to obtain a geometrical configuration for the slipform-cast concrete structure such that it is easier to reinforce.
  • both horizontal and vertical reinforcement bars must be cut individually, pre-bent and shaped such that each bar fits into the contours of the concrete wall.
  • Such geometrical changes may require that a given reinforcement bar needs to have different radii of curvature over the length of the bar.
  • Another objective is to being able to pre-fabricate parts of the reinforcement bars, for later assembly into the wall being cast.
  • Yet another objective is to eliminate the limitation of the prior art frusto-conical slipforms, i.e. a maximum wall surface inclination of 15° to 17° (from the vertical) and a minimum vertical radius of curvature of 30 metres to 40 metres.
  • the plurality of support members in step a) are preferably produced by slipform casting.
  • a shaft is cast by slipform casting, and the support members are arranged around the shaft periphery, thereby forming a frusto-conical structure when step b has been completed.
  • the shaft and the support members are preferably cast simultaneously in step a), by slipform casting.
  • the hinge means are locked during step a) and then unlocked.
  • a support structure comprising one or more support members supported by support means and configured for carrying an object, characterized in that the support members are rotatably supported by the support means via hinge means, whereby the support members may be tilted an angle of inclination and thus assume an inclined orientation before the object is placed on the support members.
  • the support structure further comprises an interlocking object arranged and configured to lock the support member in the angle of inclination.
  • the support members preferably comprise channels for tension cables.
  • the support structure comprises a shaft, and a plurality of support members are arranged around the shaft and form a frusto-conical shape when the support members are tilted the angle of inclination.
  • the support members are preferably concrete elements, made by slipform casting.
  • the present invention provides a method and a device for casting frusto-conical structures with comparably large inclinations and small and varying horizontal and vertical radii of curvature.
  • the concrete structure is cast using conventional slipforming equipment in casting support members that subsequently may be tilted to the desired angle of inclination in order to form the frusto-conical structure.
  • the need for the complex, inclined slipforming methods and equipment of the prior art is eliminated.
  • the present invention also provides a method and a device for casting structures having inclined support members.
  • Figure 1 is a side view of an embodiment of the invented concrete structure, shown in a first state
  • Figure 2 is a sectional view in the plane defined by the section line A-A in figure i;
  • Figure 3 is a sectional view in the plane defined by the section line B-B in figure i;
  • Figure 4 is a side view of the structure of figure 1, shown in a second state;
  • Figure 5 is a sectional view in the plane defined by the section line C-C in figure
  • Figure 6 is a side view of the structure of figures 1 and 4, shown in a third state;
  • Figure 7 is a sectional view in the plane defined by the section line D-D in figure
  • Figure 8 is a sectional view of a part of the invented structure, and illustrates the support member in a tilted position
  • Figure 9 is a side view of another embodiment of the invented structure, shown in a first state.
  • Figure 10 is a side view of the structure of figure 9, shown in a second state. Detailed description of a preferential embodiment
  • Figure 1 shows a structure having a foundation 1 (only partly shown) that is configured to be submerged below a water surface 5.
  • the foundation 1 may be configured for installation on a seabed (not shown).
  • the foundation supports a plurality of support columns 9 upon which is arranged a horizontal circular concrete girder 11 and an upright circular shaft 8.
  • the columns 9 and shaft 8 may be cast using conventional slipforming techniques and be integrally formed (as shown in figure 8).
  • a plurality of upright support members 3 are arranged around the shaft 8 circumference, and placed in conjunction with the support columns 9.
  • the support members 3 are in the illustrated embodiments in the shape of columns, and may also be in the shape of wall elements.
  • the support members 3 may be cast using conventional slipforming techniques, simultaneously with the shaft 8. However, the support members may also be prefabricated elsewhere and lifted into the position illustrated in figures 1-3 when the shaft has been cast.
  • each support member 3 is supported by the columns 9 via a hinge arrangement comprising a first hinge part 12 and a second hinge part 13
  • the first hinge part 12 is connected (preferably cast via anchoring bars, not shown) to the lower portion of the support member 3.
  • the second hinge part 13 is connected (preferably cast via anchoring bars, not shown) to the upper portion of the column 9.
  • the hinge parts 12, 13 have circular and complementary shapes, allowing the support member to be rotated with respect to the fixed second hinge part 13.
  • Suitable friction- reducing agents e.g. grease
  • the support member 3 is illustrated in the vertical state (dotted lines), which is the state and orientation in which it is being cast (i.e. corresponding to figure 1).
  • the hinge parts are preferably temporarily interlocked by suitable means (not shown) in order to prevent inadvertent rotation.
  • the support member 3 also comprises, at the level of the circumferential tension cable channels 18, buckling supports 20. In radial direction, preferably by a concrete casted plate (dotted lines) between the support member 3 and the shaft 8 and circumferential preferably also by a concrete casted plate 19 (dotted lines) between the support members 3.
  • a supplement unit 21 with anchoring bars (not shown) is erected to accomplish the 180° force transferring area of the second hinge part 13.
  • the supplement unit 21 is connected to the shaft 8 and the top of column 9.
  • the connection is preferably concrete cast into pre erected block- outs with anchoring bars (not shown) in the slipformed shaft 8 and top of the column 9.
  • Figure 8 also shows the completed support member 3 (solid lines) having been tilted an angle V by rotating the hinge parts. This is the state corresponding to figure 4 and figure 6. In this tilted state, the support member 3 is secured by a rod 2 (see figure 4) in order prevent further rotation.
  • Both the wall section 3 and the support column 9 comprise channels 14 in which tension cables 16 may be installed when the wall section 3 has been tilted to its inclined position.
  • Figure 8 shows an anchoring fixture 15 connected to an embedded portion 17 in the support column 9. The other end of the tension cable is connected to the upper end of the support member or to a structure (not shown in figure 8) being supported by the wall section.
  • the wall section also comprises circumferential channels 18 that allow for installation of circumferential tension cables (not shown).
  • the invention thus makes it possible to construct a frusto-conical concrete structure by
  • topsides structure 7 may be a platform deck, processing facility, wind turbine platform, etc.
  • FIGS. 9 and 10 illustrate an embodiment where the cross-section decreases with increasing height.
  • This configuration could be useful for supporting a topsides structure T in the form of a tower (carrying e.g. a wind turbine).
  • Figure 9 corresponds essentially to figure 1 except that the shaft 8' is narrower, allowing the support members 3 to be tilted towards the shaft. This state is illustrated in figure 10, also showing a ring girder 6' installed on top of the support members 3.
  • support members 3 when the support members 3 have been tilted to the angle V, further wall sections (not shown) may be cast in between the support members 3, in order to reinforce the finished structure against buckling loads.
  • the support members and wall sections together form a polygonal frusto-conical structure.
  • One advantage with the present invention is that all reinforcement bars in the slipform (except the horizontal reinforcement in the circular shaft 8 and the bent bars in the support members 3) may be straight. The time-consuming and costly process of fitting the reinforcement bars to a geometrically complex structure has been eliminated.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une structure de maintien et un procédé de construction d'une structure en béton comprenant les étapes consistant à : a) produire une pluralité d'éléments de maintien (3) et maintenir en rotation les éléments de maintien via des moyens de charnière (4 ; 12, 13) sur les moyens de maintien (1, 9) ; b) faire tourner les éléments de maintien dans les moyens de charnière de telle sorte que les éléments de maintien forment un angle d'inclinaison (V) ; et c) fixer les éléments de maintien et placer au moins un objet d'inter-verrouillage (6, 7) au-dessus des éléments de maintien. Les éléments de maintien sont produits par coulage par coffrage glissant.
PCT/NO2013/050224 2013-01-01 2013-12-16 Structure de maintien et procédé de construction d'une structure en béton ayant des côtés inclinés WO2014107114A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO20130008 2013-01-01
NO20130008A NO20130008A1 (no) 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 Fremgangsmåte og anordninger for bygging av koniske runde eller mangekantede betongkonstruksjoner som glidestøps vertikalt med vertikal glideforskaling.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2014107114A1 true WO2014107114A1 (fr) 2014-07-10

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/NO2013/050224 WO2014107114A1 (fr) 2013-01-01 2013-12-16 Structure de maintien et procédé de construction d'une structure en béton ayant des côtés inclinés

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NO (1) NO20130008A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014107114A1 (fr)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1868494A (en) * 1930-12-09 1932-07-26 Lawrence B Collins Stabilized foundation construction and method of erecting the same
US2941370A (en) * 1956-01-19 1960-06-21 Western Gulf Oil Company Offshore platforms
US3208228A (en) * 1961-12-11 1965-09-28 Exxon Production Research Co Prestressed articulated piling for marine foundations and the like
GB2116234A (en) * 1982-03-04 1983-09-21 Furuholmen As Construction of offshore platform structures
GB2182375A (en) * 1985-11-05 1987-05-13 Frode Johan Hansen Method of constructing an offshore structure

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1868494A (en) * 1930-12-09 1932-07-26 Lawrence B Collins Stabilized foundation construction and method of erecting the same
US2941370A (en) * 1956-01-19 1960-06-21 Western Gulf Oil Company Offshore platforms
US3208228A (en) * 1961-12-11 1965-09-28 Exxon Production Research Co Prestressed articulated piling for marine foundations and the like
GB2116234A (en) * 1982-03-04 1983-09-21 Furuholmen As Construction of offshore platform structures
GB2182375A (en) * 1985-11-05 1987-05-13 Frode Johan Hansen Method of constructing an offshore structure

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO20130008A1 (no) 2014-07-02

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