WO2014106723A1 - Procede de metathese croisee - Google Patents
Procede de metathese croisee Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014106723A1 WO2014106723A1 PCT/FR2014/050011 FR2014050011W WO2014106723A1 WO 2014106723 A1 WO2014106723 A1 WO 2014106723A1 FR 2014050011 W FR2014050011 W FR 2014050011W WO 2014106723 A1 WO2014106723 A1 WO 2014106723A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C253/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles
- C07C253/30—Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles by reactions not involving the formation of cyano groups
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a cross metathesis process for producing an unsaturated product such as a nitrile ester or an unsaturated nitrile acid.
- the polyamide industry uses a range of monomers formed from diamines and diacids, lactams, and especially from oo-annino acids. These are defined by the methylene chain length (-CH 2 ) n separating two amide functions -CO-NH-. These monomers are conventionally manufactured by chemical synthesis using as raw materials C2 to C4 olefins, cycloalkanes or benzene, hydrocarbons from fossil sources.
- C2 olefins are used to make the C9 amino acid used in Russian Pelargon; C4 olefins are used to make hexamethylenediamine; laurolactam and caprolactam are made from cycloalkanes; adipic acid, nylon 6 and nylon 6,6 are made from benzene.
- the object of the document FR 2959742 is to improve the performances of the processes successively implementing a cross metathesis and a hydrogenation.
- cross-metathesis reactions generally carried out between an omega-unsaturated fatty nitrile and an acrylate, or between an omega-unsaturated fatty ester and acrylonitrile, lead not only to the desired product which is a nitrile-ester, but also to products resulting from the homometathesis reaction of fatty substances, such as, respectively, dinitriles and diesters.
- the reaction times, and / or the ratios between the reagents it is possible to convert these co-products resulting from homometathesis into nitrile-ester, but these solutions are costly and little productive.
- the invention firstly relates to a process for synthesizing an unsaturated product by cross-metathesis between a first unsaturated compound having at least 8 carbon atoms and a second unsaturated compound containing less than 8 carbon atoms, comprising:
- the separation of the output stream making it possible to recover at least: firstly the unsaturated product; and on the other hand the first unsaturated compound and the second unsaturated compound; recycling the first unsaturated compound and the second unsaturated compound to the reactor;
- the first unsaturated compound is capable of producing an unsaturated coproduct having at least 14 carbon atoms (preferably at least 16 or even at least 18 carbon atoms), by homometathesis;
- reactor feed rates of the first unsaturated compound and the second unsaturated compound are adjusted so that the molar ratio of the net amount of unsaturated coproduct produced in the reactor to the net amount of first unsaturated compound converted in the reactor is kept below a predetermined threshold.
- the predetermined threshold is 20%, or 15%, or 10%, or 5%, or 2%, or 1%, or, preferably, there is essentially no net production of unsaturated coproduct in the reactor.
- the first unsaturated compound is of formula:
- R 1 -CH CH- (CH 2 ) n -R 2 ;
- the second unsaturated compound is of formula:
- the unsaturated product is of formula:
- the unsaturated coproduct is of formula:
- R 1 representing a hydrogen atom or an alkyl or alkenyl radical having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms
- R 2 representing COOR 5 or CN or CHO or CH 2 OH or CH 2 CI or CH 2 Br
- R 3 and R 4 each representing a hydrogen atom or an alkyl radical containing from 1 to 4 carbon atoms or COOR 5 or CN or CHO or CH 2 OH or CH 2 CI or CH 2 Br, R 3 and R being identical or different and not altogether containing at least 6 carbon atoms
- R 5 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms
- n being an integer of 4 to 1 1.
- the second unsaturated compound is an acrylate or, preferably, acrylonitrile
- the first unsaturated compound is an unsaturated acid, an unsaturated nitrile or an unsaturated ester, preferably chosen from methyl 9-decenoate, 9 decenitrile, 10-undecenenitrile and methyl 10-undecenoate
- the unsaturated product is a nitrile ester, a nitrile-acid, a dinitrile (by reaction of acrylonitrile with a fatty nitrile) or a diester (by reaction of an acrylate with a fatty ester) unsaturated
- the unsaturated coproduct is a diester, an dinitrile or an unsaturated diacid.
- the metathesis reactions are carried out in the liquid phase, where appropriate in a solvent, and preferably result in the production of at least one unsaturated compound in gaseous form, more particularly preferably ethylene, in the reactor, the process comprising withdrawing it from the reactor continuously.
- the conversion ratio of the first unsaturated compound is 30 to 90%, preferably 40 to 90%, preferably 50 to 90%, preferably 55 to 85%, more preferably from 60 to 80%.
- the method is a continuous process.
- the unsaturated coproduct is also recovered by separation of the output stream, and recycled to the reactor, and preferably the unsaturated co-product charge remains substantially constant.
- the separation of the output stream comprises:
- the feed rates of the reactor first unsaturated compound and second unsaturated compound are adjusted so that the molar concentrations of the first unsaturated compound, the second unsaturated compound, the unsaturated product and the unsaturated coproduct in the reactor are kept within 20%, preferably within 15%, or within 10%, or within 5%, at reference concentrations, said reference concentrations being the respective molar concentrations of the first unsaturated compound, the second unsaturated compound, unsaturated product and unsaturated coproduct for which the function of the unsaturated coproduct yield relative to the conversion rate of the first unsaturated compound has a maximum, in a semi-continuous reference process without recycling to the reactor, the process and the process reference being implemented under the same conditions of temperature, pressure and catalyst feed rate.
- the term "molar concentration" of a compound means the ratio of the number of moles of this compound to the volume of the reaction medium.
- - "X% close" means that the molar concentration is in the range of -X% to + X% relative to the corresponding molar reference concentration.
- the feed rates of the reactor first unsaturated compound and second unsaturated compound are equal to the product of the instantaneous number of rotations of the catalyst by the catalyst feed rate.
- the method is implemented in a variable volume reactor.
- the method comprises, repeatedly, the following successive phases:
- the method comprises in step (3) recovery of the unsaturated coproduct, the latter not being recycled to the reactor in phase (4).
- the duration of the phase (1), the feed rates during the phase (1) and the volume drained at the phase (2) are adjusted so that the molar concentrations of the first unsaturated compound, of the second unsaturated compound, the unsaturated product and the unsaturated coproduct in the reactor are maintained at 100%, preferably to within 80% and more particularly to 50% or 25%, at reference concentrations, the said concentrations being reference being the molar concentrations of the first unsaturated compound, the second unsaturated compound, the unsaturated product and the unsaturated coproduct for which the function of the unsaturated coproduct yield relative to the conversion rate of the first unsaturated compound has a maximum, in a semi-standard reference process. continuous without recycling to the reactor, the method and the reference method being implemented under the same conditions of temperature, pressure and catalyst feed rate.
- the molar concentration of unsaturated product varies in a range of -80% to + 50%, preferably -50% to + 25%, relative to the molar reference concentration.
- the volume drained in phase (2) is less than or equal to 80%.
- the method comprises a preliminary analysis step, comprising:
- the subject of the invention is also a process for the synthesis of an ⁇ , ⁇ -aminoalkanoic acid or ester, comprising the synthesis of an unsaturated product according to the process described above, which is a nitrile-ester or a unsaturated nitrile acid, and a hydrogenation reaction thereof.
- the present invention overcomes the disadvantages of the state of the art. It more particularly provides a process for synthesizing an unsaturated fatty compound by cross-metathesis (and in particular nitrile-ester / acid synthesis) in which the amount of co-products resulting from the homometathesis reactions is reduced and can be controlled.
- the invention is based on an analysis of the yield of the undesirable co-product reaction, as a function of the conversion rate of the heavier unsaturated starting compound (in particular ester, nitrile or unsaturated fatty acid). It has surprisingly been found that when this yield has a local maximum for a certain value of the conversion rate of the unsaturated starting compound, the synthesis no longer produces a co-product at this point of operation. Therefore, when the synthesis is carried out under conditions in which this conversion rate is obtained, the addition of reagents no longer produces a new co-product molecule. undesirable. And when the synthesis is carried out under conditions in which the conversion rate is close to this optimal conversion rate, the addition of reagents produces only a small amount of undesirable co-product.
- the heavier unsaturated starting compound in particular ester, nitrile or unsaturated fatty acid
- the implementation of a continuous process or of another process providing for a withdrawal of reaction products, with a recycling of the reagents makes it possible, by adjusting the feed rates of the reactants and the catalyst, to maintain the reactor at the optimum operating point or in the vicinity thereof.
- the implementation of a continuous process makes it possible to reach an instantaneous selectivity close to 100% of the desired product, and close to 0% by undesired coproduct, by operating the reaction under optimum operating conditions.
- the instantaneous selectivity corresponds to the molar ratio of the net quantity of the first compound converted into the product under consideration to the net quantity of first unsaturated compound which is converted (consumed) globally, taking into account all the metathesis reactions that occur in the reactor. .
- the conversion rate obtained with the process according to the invention is also high; however, it is not maximal, in order to avoid too much catalyst consumption (it deactivates very quickly).
- FIG. 1 shows schematically an installation adapted to the implementation of the method of the invention, in continuous mode.
- FIG. 2 represents the yield of nitrile-ester (O) and diester ( ⁇ ) (in ordinate, in%) as a function of the degree of conversion of an unsaturated fatty ester (in abscissa, in%), within the framework of Example 1 below.
- FIG. 3 represents the yield of nitrile-ester (O) and diester ( ⁇ ) (in ordinate, in%) as a function of the degree of conversion of an unsaturated fatty ester (in abscissa, in%), within the framework of Example 3 below.
- FIG. 4 represents the yield of nitrile-ester and diester (in the ordinate, in%) as a function of the degree of conversion of an unsaturated fatty ester (in the abscissa, in%), in the context of Example 6 below. below (simulation).
- the invention is based on a metathesis reaction between an unsaturated fatty compound containing at least 8 carbon atoms, called the first unsaturated compound, and a functional or non-functional olefin having less than 8 carbon atoms, called the second unsaturated compound.
- - Ri H or alkyl or alkenyl radical having 1 to 8 carbon atoms
- R 2 COOR 5 , CN, CHO, CH 2 OH, CH 2 CI or CH 2 Br;
- R 3 and R 4 H, alkyl radical of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, COOR 5 ,
- R 5 H or alkyl radical of 1 to 4 carbon atoms
- - n is an integer of 4 to 1 1.
- Ethylene CH 2 CH 2 is also produced by both cross metathesis and homometathesis. It is this example which is retained to illustrate the continuation of the description below.
- fatty ester reactions with acrylonitrile In addition to fatty ester reactions with acrylonitrile, other preferred reactions are those of fatty nitriles with an acrylate, fatty esters with an acrylate, acrylonitrile fatty nitriles, fatty esters with a linear olefin, and fatty nitriles with a linear olefin.
- the process involves the formation of a light product which can be removed from the reaction medium by distillation, which makes it possible to shift the equilibria towards the formation of the desired products.
- the process according to the invention advantageously uses a metathesis catalyst of ruthenium-carbene type.
- the ruthenium-carbene catalysts are preferably chosen from charged or non-loaded catalysts of general formula:
- - a, b, c, d and e are integers, identical or different, with a and b equal to 0, 1 or 2; c, d and e are 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4;
- - Xi and X 2 identical or different, each represent a mono- or multi-chelating ligand, charged or not; by way of examples, mention may be made of halides, sulphate, carbonate, carboxylates, alcoholates, phenolates, amides, tosylate, hexafluorophosphate, tetrafluoroborate, bis-triflylamidide, alkyl, tetraphenylborate and derivatives; X 1 or X 2 may be bonded to Li or L 2 or carbene C to form a bidentate ligand or chelate on ruthenium; and
- Li, L 2 and L 3 which are identical or different, are electron-donor ligands such as phosphine, phosphite, phosphonite, phosphinite, arsine, stilbine, an olefin or an aromatic, a carbonyl compound, an ether, an alcohol, a amine, pyridine or derivative, imine, thioether, or heterocyclic carbene; Li, L 2 or L 3 may be bonded to carbene C to form a bidentate or chelate ligand, or tridentate.
- electron-donor ligands such as phosphine, phosphite, phosphonite, phosphinite, arsine, stilbine, an olefin or an aromatic, a carbonyl compound, an ether, an alcohol, a amine, pyridine or derivative, imine, thioether, or heterocyclic carbene
- Li, L 2 or L 3 may be bonded to carbene C to form a bidentate
- the carbene C is represented by the general formula: CRiR 2 for which R 1 and R 2 are identical or different groups such as hydrogen or any other hydrocarbon group, functionalized or not, of saturated, unsaturated, cyclic, aromatic, branched type and / or linear.
- R 1 and R 2 are identical or different groups such as hydrogen or any other hydrocarbon group, functionalized or not, of saturated, unsaturated, cyclic, aromatic, branched type and / or linear.
- R 1 and R 2 are identical or different groups such as hydrogen or any other hydrocarbon group, functionalized or not, of saturated, unsaturated, cyclic, aromatic, branched type and / or linear.
- R 1 and R 2 are identical or different groups such as hydrogen or any other hydrocarbon group, functionalized or not, of saturated, unsaturated, cyclic, aromatic, branched type and / or linear.
- R 1 and R 2 are identical or different groups such as hydrogen or any other hydrocarbon group, functionalized or not, of saturated, unsaturated, cyclic,
- a functional group (for improving the retention of the ruthenium complex in an ionic liquid) can be grafted onto at least one of the ligands Xi, X 2 , Li, L 2 , or on the carbene C.
- This functional group can be charged or unloaded such as preferably an ester, an ether, a thiol, an acid, an alcohol, an amine, a nitrogen heterocycle, a sulfonate, a carboxylate, a quaternary ammonium, a guanidinium, a quaternary phosphonium, pyridinium, imidazolium, morpholinium or sulfonium.
- the metathesis catalyst may optionally be heterogenized on a support in order to facilitate its recovery / recycling.
- cross-metathesis catalysts of the process of the invention are preferably ruthenium carbenes described, for example, in Aldrichimica Acta, Vol 40, No. 2, 2007, pp. 45-52.
- Such catalysts are Grubbs, the Hoveyda-Grubbs catalysts, Piers-Grubbs catalysts, and other metathesis catalysts of the same type, whether so-called “1 st generation,” “2nd Generation” or the “3rd generation”.
- Grubbs catalysts are based on a ruthenium atom surrounded by 5 ligands:
- anionic ligands such as halides
- NHC ligands such as tri-alkyl-phosphines, or saturated N-heterocyclic carbenes (called NHC ligands);
- a catalyst called “Hoveyda-Grubbs” contains from electron donor ligands, a chelating ligand benzylidene-ether, and either a phosphine (1 st generation) a saturated NHC ligand (2nd generation), usually substituted by phenyls generally substituted by mesityl groups (Mes) or by isopropyl groups (iPr).
- Piers-Grubbs Another type of so-called “Piers-Grubbs” catalyst forms a four-ligand cationic complex that does not require dissociation of a ligand prior to the reaction.
- the choice of catalyst depends on the reaction considered.
- the catalyst is free of phosphine.
- Preferred catalysts are the following catalysts:
- the catalyst designated by "Zannan 44-0082 (Strem) formula is:
- the cross metathesis reaction is optionally carried out in a solvent, especially toluene. Determination of optimal operating conditions
- the first unsaturated compound (heavy compound) is introduced entirely into the reactor, with the solvent, as well as an initial amount (or all) of the second unsaturated compound (light compound).
- the catalyst is added progressively to the reactor and, if necessary, an additional quantity of the second unsaturated compound, in order to trigger the reaction.
- the addition of the catalyst continuously minimizes the consumption thereof.
- the gaseous compounds produced during the reaction (such as ethylene) are removed from the reactor continuously; thus the reactions of cross metathesis and homometathesis are unbalanced but totally displaced.
- the progressive addition of the catalyst also makes it possible to avoid the appearance of an excessive concentration of ethylene in the solution, which constitutes a poison of the reaction.
- the composition of the reaction medium is analyzed by sampling at regular time intervals. This makes it possible to determine at each instant on the one hand the conversion rate of the first unsaturated compound (or overall conversion rate, TTG), which corresponds to the fraction of the first unsaturated compound that has reacted, and on the other hand the yield of the reaction (or unit conversion rate, TTU) to unsaturated product and unsaturated coproduct, this yield corresponding to the ratio of the number of moles of reagent actually converted into product (or co-product, and in this case there are 2 moles of reagent per mol of co-product) on the number of moles of reagent introduced into the reaction medium.
- TTG overall conversion rate
- TTU unit conversion rate
- the conversion rate increases from 0% to a value that can reach more than 70%, or more than 75%, or more than 80%, or more than 85%, or even more than 90%.
- the unsaturated product yield as a function of the conversion rate
- the unsaturated coproduct yield as a function of the conversion rate.
- the optimal conversion rate whose exact value depends on the reaction concerned and the conditions of use (catalyst, temperature, pressure).
- this conversion is 30 to 90%, preferably 40 to 90%, or 50 to 90%, or 55 to 85%, or 60 to 80%.
- any additional (marginal) molecule of first unsaturated compound that is converted to is unsaturated product, and not unsaturated coproduct: selectivity unsaturated product, under these conditions (called optimal conditions, at this particular operating point), is 100%.
- the first unsaturated compound is methyl 9-decenoate (or DM)
- the second unsaturated compound is acrylonitrile (ACN)
- the unsaturated product is the Methyl 10-cyano-9-decenoate (NE)
- the unsaturated coproduct is methyl 9-octadecenedioate (DE).
- ACN is a light compound with a boiling point below 100 ° C while DM has a boiling point above 200 ° C.
- the reaction is carried out in a solvent medium, for example toluene, at a temperature in the region of 110.degree.
- the catalyst is added continuously, in 2 or 3 hours for example, and the ACN is added about half before the start of the reaction and half during the reaction.
- the addition of the catalyst continuously is necessary because the catalyst is deactivated very quickly under the operating conditions.
- the gradual addition of ACN is made necessary by the strong inhibition of the catalyst by it. We can not have a high ACN content from the beginning of the reaction.
- the desired cross metathesis reaction is the reaction: ACN + DM -> NE + ethylene.
- the ethylene produced is rapidly removed in the gas phase by entrainment with the solvent which is at its boiling point. The solvent is condensed and returned to the reactor. Due to the continuous removal of ethylene, the reaction is not considered balanced.
- the homometathesis reaction is the reaction: DM + DM -> DE + ethylene. She is also unbalanced for the same reasons.
- the last reaction that takes place is that between the ACN and the homometathesis product: ACN + DE ⁇ DM + NE, this reaction giving back the initial reagent (DM) and the desired product (NE).
- This reaction is balanced, the product of the desired reaction reacting with the initial reagent to give the homometathesis product.
- This reverse reaction is mainly present at high conversion, when the concentration of NE is high, and the conversion of DM is already well advanced.
- Example 3 Such a reference method, making it possible to identify optimal operating conditions, is illustrated in more detail in Example 3 below, as well as in FIG. 3, which shows that the degree of unitary transformation in DE is maximal for a certain DM conversion rate (about 70%). Under these conditions, the conversion rate of the DE is equal to its formation rate, and the DE no longer accumulates.
- the plant comprises a reactor 4, which is fed by a feed line of first unsaturated compound 1, a supply line of second unsaturated compound 2, and a catalyst feed line 3.
- the reactor is provided at the top with a gassing device 5 to which is connected a withdrawal line of light compounds 6.
- An outlet flow withdrawal line 7 is connected at the bottom of the reactor 4. This feeds a first column 9.
- a storage tank 8 may be provided on the outlet flow withdrawal line 7.
- first distillation column 9 At the top of the first distillation column 9 is connected a withdrawal line of second unsaturated compound 12, and at the bottom is connected a first intermediate pipe 13, which feeds a second distillation column 10.
- an unsaturated product withdrawal line 16 At the top of the third distillation column 11 is connected an unsaturated product withdrawal line 16, and at the bottom is connected an unsaturated coproduct withdrawal line 17.
- the withdrawal line of the second unsaturated compound 12, the withdrawal line of the first unsaturated compound 14 and the unsaturated coproduct withdrawal line 17 feed back the reactor 4.
- a set of pumps make it possible to circulate the flows in the installation.
- liquid fraction of the reaction medium is taken continuously via the outlet flow withdrawal line 7.
- the output stream thus obtained is separated in the three successive distillation columns 9, 10, 1 1.
- DM and ACN with co-production of DE: acrylonitrile (ACN), as well as the possible solvent of the reaction medium, are recovered by the withdrawal line of second unsaturated compound 12; the unreacted ester (DM) is recovered by the withdrawal line of the first unsaturated compound 14; the desired nitrile ester (NE) is recovered by the unsaturated product withdrawal line 16; and finally the diester (DE) is recovered by the unsaturated coproduct withdrawal line 17.
- ACN acrylonitrile
- NE nitrile ester
- DE diester
- the separation of the metathesis catalyst can be carried out in different ways. By way of example, it may be carried out at the bottom of the third distillation column 11 by adsorption on an adsorbent (silica, alumina, resin, etc.) or by liquid-liquid extraction with a suitable solvent.
- an adsorbent silicon, alumina, resin, etc.
- X represents the conversion rate (in%) of the optimal operation.
- X is about 70.
- XS moles of NE there are XS moles of NE in the reactor, and X (1-S) / 2 moles of DE (since 2 moles of DM are consumed). per mole of DE), where S represents the cumulative (or global) selectivity of the reaction with respect to the NE (desired product).
- S represents the cumulative (or global) selectivity of the reaction with respect to the NE (desired product).
- X-S moles from ACN were also converted. Referring to Fig. 3, for a conversion rate of 70%, the product yield NE is about 43%, which means that the cumulative selectivity S is 43/70, i.e. 0.61 (or 61%).
- the output stream retains the same composition as that of the reaction medium at the end of the startup phase.
- the value of X1 is calculated as a function of the catalyst feed rate to the reactor.
- the efficiency of a catalyst is characterized by its selectivity, but also by its number of rotations or TON (for Turn Over Number). This is the number of moles of DM converted per mole of catalyst.
- the marginal efficiency of any mole of added catalyst corresponding to the reaction mixture in the reactor is calculated.
- the instantaneous TON has a value ⁇ , ( ⁇ ).
- the number of moles of DM per unit of time that can be converted at this point of conversion is therefore TONi (X) d, which provides the added X1 mole flow rate that can be used.
- the above corresponds to an operation in optimal conditions.
- the operating point can be modulated according to market conditions.
- the operator wishes to produce a certain quantity of DE, because of the existence of a market for it, he chooses working conditions to the left of the maximum on the figure, that is to say at a conversion rate lower than the optimal conversion rate, allowing him to accumulate co-product.
- the first derivative of the TTU (DE) function with respect to the TTG is from -1 to + 1, and preferably from 0 to 0.5 and even more preferably from 0 to at 0.33, and even more preferably equal to about 0.
- the conversion rate in the case of the continuous process with recycling of reagents and coproduct can be adjusted with respect to the reference test by adjusting the catalyst introduction rate Z to compensate for a loss of activity related to the reaction. continuous introduction of impurities of the reagents and co-products harmful to the catalyst.
- the withdrawal of the reactor is carried out discontinuously and not continuously.
- spaced intervals of time are performed at a partial emptying of the reactor with recycling of a part of the drained flow.
- variable volume reactor or WO for "Variable Volume Operation”
- variable volume reactor having a movable wall, such as that described in document FR 2690926. It is also possible to use a reactor provided with an overflow or a siphon.
- An advantage of this mode of operation is that it avoids recycling of ED to the reactor, and creates a purge of the installation thus allowing to deconcentrate the loop in secondary products that could be formed.
- the duration of the phase (1) is adjusted, so that the reaction is carried out so as to achieve a conversion preferably greater than that of the maximum point (for the output of the co-product) determined above.
- This embodiment allows a selectivity in NE less than the continuous process, but better productivity (related to the semi-continuous operation) and lower catalyst consumption.
- the phase (4) also comprises the recycling of the co-product (DE).
- This variant makes it possible to avoid the accumulation of co-product in the reactor.
- a advantage of the WO mode compared to the continuous mode is to be able to work at a high conversion rate of DM, higher than at the maximum point of DE, rate for which the accumulated DE is consumed, and so we obtain a less amount of diester to recycle.
- the recycled coproduct rate is adapted according to the market demand for this product.
- the continuous process such as the method WO, makes it possible to reach an equilibrium operating point, for which the output stream always has the same composition, which facilitates the steps downstream separation.
- the reaction is carried out at a pressure which is preferably less than 2 bar, for example equal to atmospheric pressure, or even with a partial vacuum in order to eliminate more easily the light product.
- the reaction is carried out at a temperature which is for example the boiling point of the solvent.
- the unsaturated product obtained by the process according to the invention can undergo a subsequent hydrogenation, in a manner known per se.
- the catalyst used is supplied by Umicore under the designation M71-SiPr. This catalyst has the following formula:
- Example 1 In view of the results of Example 1, it is decided to place, for the continuous mode experiment, under conditions ensuring a conversion rate of 55 to 65%.
- Example 2 As in the case of Example 1, 15 g of methyl 10-undecenoate (75.6 mmol) previously spent on a column of alumina, 2 g of acrylonitrile (37.7 mmol) and 150 g of nitrogen are loaded into the reactor. g of toluene dried on molecular sieve. 1 g, 2 g of acrylonitrile (22.6 mmol) and 0.9 mg of dissolved M71-SiPr catalyst (1.14 ⁇ 10 -6 mol) are added to the syringe for 1 h. in 2.5 g of toluene The reaction mixture is analyzed by GPC The composition is given in the table below.
- reaction mixture is then withdrawn at a flow rate of 200 ml / h via a peristaltic pump and 200 ml of a mixture whose composition is given in the table are added for 1 h. below and 0.9 mg of M71 -SiPr catalyst (1.14 ⁇ 10 -6 mol) dissolved in 2.5 g of toluene After 1 h of draw off, the composition of the mixture collected is given in the table below:
- composition obtained is measured at the end of the start-up.
- This composition is withdrawn at a given rate.
- the ED is completely recycled, which is withdrawn (10.9 mmol / h).
- the unreacted UM is completely recycled (31.0 mmol / h) and the NE that is withdrawn (22.7 mmol / h) is compensated by fresh UM (53.7 mmol). / h in total).
- Example 3 In view of the results of Example 3, it is decided to place, for the continuous mode experiment, under conditions ensuring a conversion rate close to 70%.
- Example 3 15 g of methyl 9-decenoate (81.4 mmol) previously spent on an alumina column, 2.15 g of acrylonitrile (40.7 mmol) are charged into the reactor. and 150 g of dried toluene on molecular sieve. The mixture is heated to 110.degree. C. and 1.3 g of acrylonitrile (24.5 mmol) and 1 mg of M71 -SiPr catalyst (1.22 ⁇ 10 -6 mol) dissolved in 2 are added to the syringe for 1 hour. 5 g of toluene The reaction mixture is analyzed by GPC The composition is given in the table below.
- reaction mixture is then withdrawn at a rate of 200 ml / hr via a peristaltic pump and 600 ml of a mixture whose composition is given in the table below and 3 mg of catalyst are added for 3 hours.
- M71-SiPr (3.65 ⁇ 10 -6 mol) dissolved in 5 g of toluene The composition of the mixture collected hourly is given in the following table:
- composition of the mixture collected is given in the following table:
- the conversion to the second cycle is slightly lower than that to the first, but the operation becomes more stable.
- the end point is determined by selecting an operating point beyond an ideal point determined as follows: -
- the TTU (NE) curve is plotted as a function of time for the first cycle (which corresponds to the reference experiment).
- Every mole of catalyst added is less effective than the previous one in the production of NE.
- the end point is therefore preferably chosen beyond this reference point. It is determined by the amount of ED that one wishes to commercialize.
- the purge rate also determines the amount of catalyst needed. If the purged volume is too small, the TON is close to the marginal TON near the end point, which is usually low. The amount of catalyst consumed in stabilized operation is therefore important.
- the return point (the term "return point” designating the operating point at the beginning of the following phase (1)) is chosen with respect to the point of inflection of the TTG curve as a function of time in the reference experiment (i.e. the point at which for every mole of catalyst added the number of moles of DM converted begins to decrease).
- the return point is chosen to be at a conversion equivalent to or less than this inflection point. It is also such that the corresponding instantaneous TON is greater than the instantaneous TON of the end point. It is indeed desired that the difference in the cumulative TONs (final - return point) relative to the amount of catalyst used (between the return point and the end point) is the highest possible.
- the mixture is heated to 110 ° C. and 2 mg of M71 -SIPr catalyst (2.4 ⁇ 10 -6 mol) and 2.33 g of acrylonitrile (44 mmol) are added over a period of 2 hours. the addition, the reaction mixture is analyzed by GC. The conversion rate of methyl 9-decenoate is 93.5%. The nitrile-C n ester selectivity is 89% and the Cis diester selectivity is 11%.
- the reactor is drained by half, then 7.37 g of methyl 9-decenoate (40 mmol) and 1.17 g of acrylonitrile (22 mmol) are added.
- 1 mg of M71 -SIPr catalyst (1, 2.10 -6 mol) and 1.17 g of acrylonitrile (22 mmol) are introduced over a period of 2 hours.
- the reaction mixture analyzed by GPC, comprises 5 mmol of methyl 9-decenoate, 63 mmol of nitrile-C n ester and 4 mmol of cis diester.
- This cycle thus made it possible to convert 21 mmol of methyl 9-decenoate to give 11 mmol of nitrile-ester C n and 6 mmol of diester C 18.
- the conversion rate of methyl 9-decenoate is 47%.
- the conversion of methyl 9-decenoate is 80%.
- the nitrile-C n ester selectivity is 65% and the Cis diester selectivity is 35%.
- This example shows that 96 mmol of methyl 9-decenoate can be converted to give 62 mmol of nitrile-C n ester and 33.6 moles of C 18 diester in a reaction volume of 280 ml.
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- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201480004072.1A CN104884430B (zh) | 2013-01-07 | 2014-01-07 | 交叉复分解方法 |
US14/654,646 US20150353479A1 (en) | 2013-01-07 | 2014-01-07 | Cross metathesis process |
BR112015015785A BR112015015785A2 (pt) | 2013-01-07 | 2014-01-07 | processo de metátese cruzada |
EP14701811.3A EP2941414A1 (fr) | 2013-01-07 | 2014-01-07 | Procede de metathese croisee |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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FR1350102 | 2013-01-07 | ||
FR1350102A FR3000743B1 (fr) | 2013-01-07 | 2013-01-07 | Procede de metathese croisee |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2014106723A1 true WO2014106723A1 (fr) | 2014-07-10 |
Family
ID=48652194
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/FR2014/050011 WO2014106723A1 (fr) | 2013-01-07 | 2014-01-07 | Procede de metathese croisee |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20150353479A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP2941414A1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN104884430B (fr) |
BR (1) | BR112015015785A2 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3000743B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2014106723A1 (fr) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9382189B2 (en) | 2013-02-08 | 2016-07-05 | Arkema France | Synthesis of a branched unsaturated compound by means of cross metathesis |
EP3604270A1 (fr) | 2015-09-30 | 2020-02-05 | Arkema France | Composition a base d'amino acide ou ester de qualité polymère et procédés d'obtention |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2690926A1 (fr) | 1992-05-06 | 1993-11-12 | Lvmh Rech | Dispositif du type réacteur à volume variable et procédé de culture cellulaire. |
FR2912741A1 (fr) | 2007-02-15 | 2008-08-22 | Arkema France | Procede de synthese d'acides omega-amino-alcanoiques |
FR2938533A1 (fr) | 2008-11-17 | 2010-05-21 | Arkema France | Procede de synthese d'un omega-aminoacide ou ester a partir d'un acide ou ester gras mono-insature |
FR2941694A1 (fr) | 2009-02-05 | 2010-08-06 | Arkema France | Procede de synthese d'un omega-aminoacide ou ester a partir d'un acide ou ester gras mono-insature. |
US20110113679A1 (en) | 2009-10-12 | 2011-05-19 | Cohen Steven A | Methods of refining and producing fuel from natural oil feedstocks |
WO2011138051A1 (fr) * | 2010-05-07 | 2011-11-10 | Arkema France | Procede de preparation d'amino-acides ou esters satures comprenant une etape de metathese |
-
2013
- 2013-01-07 FR FR1350102A patent/FR3000743B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2014
- 2014-01-07 WO PCT/FR2014/050011 patent/WO2014106723A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2014-01-07 EP EP14701811.3A patent/EP2941414A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2014-01-07 CN CN201480004072.1A patent/CN104884430B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2014-01-07 US US14/654,646 patent/US20150353479A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2014-01-07 BR BR112015015785A patent/BR112015015785A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2690926A1 (fr) | 1992-05-06 | 1993-11-12 | Lvmh Rech | Dispositif du type réacteur à volume variable et procédé de culture cellulaire. |
FR2912741A1 (fr) | 2007-02-15 | 2008-08-22 | Arkema France | Procede de synthese d'acides omega-amino-alcanoiques |
WO2008104722A2 (fr) * | 2007-02-15 | 2008-09-04 | Arkema France | Procede de synthese d'acides omega-amino-alcanoiques |
FR2938533A1 (fr) | 2008-11-17 | 2010-05-21 | Arkema France | Procede de synthese d'un omega-aminoacide ou ester a partir d'un acide ou ester gras mono-insature |
FR2941694A1 (fr) | 2009-02-05 | 2010-08-06 | Arkema France | Procede de synthese d'un omega-aminoacide ou ester a partir d'un acide ou ester gras mono-insature. |
US20110113679A1 (en) | 2009-10-12 | 2011-05-19 | Cohen Steven A | Methods of refining and producing fuel from natural oil feedstocks |
WO2011138051A1 (fr) * | 2010-05-07 | 2011-11-10 | Arkema France | Procede de preparation d'amino-acides ou esters satures comprenant une etape de metathese |
FR2959742A1 (fr) | 2010-05-07 | 2011-11-11 | Arkema France | Procede de preparation d'amino-acides ou esters satures comprenant une etape de metathese |
Non-Patent Citations (6)
Title |
---|
ALDRICHIMICA ACTA, vol. 40, no. 2, 2007, pages 45 - 52 |
BASSET ET AL., ANGEW. CHEM., ED. ENGL., vol. 31, 1992, pages 628 |
GRUBBS ET AL., ANGEW. CHEM., ED. ENGL., vol. 34, 1995, pages 2039 |
ORGANIC LETTERS, vol. 1, 1999, pages 953 |
SCHROCK ET AL., J. AM. CHEM. SOC., vol. 108, 1986, pages 2771 |
STANKIEWICZ; KUCZYNSKI, CHEMICAL ENGINEERING AND PROCESSING, vol. 34, 1995, pages 367 - 377 |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9382189B2 (en) | 2013-02-08 | 2016-07-05 | Arkema France | Synthesis of a branched unsaturated compound by means of cross metathesis |
EP3604270A1 (fr) | 2015-09-30 | 2020-02-05 | Arkema France | Composition a base d'amino acide ou ester de qualité polymère et procédés d'obtention |
US10683258B2 (en) | 2015-09-30 | 2020-06-16 | Arkema France | Composition made of amino acid or ester with polymer quality and methods for obtaining same |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN104884430B (zh) | 2018-07-03 |
CN104884430A (zh) | 2015-09-02 |
BR112015015785A2 (pt) | 2017-07-11 |
FR3000743B1 (fr) | 2016-02-05 |
US20150353479A1 (en) | 2015-12-10 |
EP2941414A1 (fr) | 2015-11-11 |
FR3000743A1 (fr) | 2014-07-11 |
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