WO2014104697A1 - Générateur d'énergie éolienne ayant des pales à pas variable - Google Patents

Générateur d'énergie éolienne ayant des pales à pas variable Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014104697A1
WO2014104697A1 PCT/KR2013/012065 KR2013012065W WO2014104697A1 WO 2014104697 A1 WO2014104697 A1 WO 2014104697A1 KR 2013012065 W KR2013012065 W KR 2013012065W WO 2014104697 A1 WO2014104697 A1 WO 2014104697A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
blade
drive shaft
pitch
load
blades
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/KR2013/012065
Other languages
English (en)
Korean (ko)
Inventor
고석환
김석우
Original Assignee
한국에너지기술연구원
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 한국에너지기술연구원 filed Critical 한국에너지기술연구원
Publication of WO2014104697A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014104697A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/022—Adjusting aerodynamic properties of the blades
    • F03D7/0224—Adjusting blade pitch
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/06—Rotors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/04—Automatic control; Regulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00—Control
    • F05B2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
    • F05B2270/331—Mechanical loads
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a wind turbine for producing electricity by wind, and more particularly to a wind turbine having a variable pitch blade for controlling the pitch of the blade so that the load applied to each blade is directed to the drive shaft of the wind turbine. will be.
  • Wind power generators that produce electrical energy using the power of wind are being researched as an alternative energy source due to the depletion of natural resources such as oil, coal, and natural gas due to the development of industry and population growth.
  • Wind power generation is a technology that converts the kinetic energy of air flow into mechanical energy and then produces electrical energy again. It uses eco-friendly wind as an energy source, and it is eco-friendly without cost. Doing.
  • the structure of the wind power generator is, as shown in Figure 1, a high-rise tower (1) standing on the ground, and installed in the top of the tower (1), the nacelle (2) for supporting the rotation of the blade (3), (2) inside the drive shaft connected to the rotating shaft of the blade, the speed increaser connected to the drive shaft, the generator connected to the speed increaser to produce electricity and a control device (not shown) for controlling the rotational speed of the blade (3), the blade
  • the rotational force of (3) is configured to reach the generator via the drive shaft via the rotation shaft of the hub (4).
  • the wind turbine having the structure as described above increases the load of the wind turbine when it is rotated above the rated output in the high wind speed section, and when the output exceeds the rated capacity of the generator, a big problem occurs in the safety of the wind turbine due to the burnout of the generator. do.
  • a technique of controlling the rotation speed of the blade 3 in the high wind speed section has been known by varying the wind speed direction of the blade 3 and the inclination angle P (hereinafter, 'pitch') of the blade 3.
  • the conventional wind turbine having a variable pitch blade has the following additional problems.
  • the blade 3 is loaded by the wind speed during rotation.
  • the load of the blade (3) acts differently when rotating the section adjacent to the tower (1), and when rotating the section not adjacent to the tower (1), the tower (when rotating the section adjacent to the tower (1) Due to the shear load by 1), the load is relatively less than that of the section rotation not adjacent to the tower (1). Therefore, the drive shaft direction moment of the load on the blade 3 when the blade 3 rotates does not act the same on the drive shaft, that is, the drive shaft direction moments of the respective blades are different from each other, thereby causing vibration in the drive shaft.
  • the vibration of the drive shaft in the high wind speed exceeds the wind turbine design load, there is a problem that the output degradation, as well as the durability and damage to the parts related to the drive shaft of the wind turbine.
  • the present invention was derived to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention, while controlling the blade pitch of the plurality of wind turbines configured, the direction of the drive shaft direction acting on each blade according to the rotation position of each blade It is to provide a wind turbine having a variable pitch blade that will control each blade in real time so that the sum is orthogonal to the drive shaft of the wind turbine.
  • Wind turbine of the present invention a tower standing on the ground, and installed on the top of the tower, the drive shaft, the speed increaser, the natsel is installed in the generator, connected to the drive shaft, and rotates in the axial direction of the natsel
  • the wind turbine includes a hub installed upstream of the natsel and a plurality of blades disposed radially on the hub, wherein the wind turbine is characterized in that the blade and the pitch so that the pitch angle with respect to the wind speed direction of the blade is variable; A pitch variable stage connecting the hub; And a controller for controlling the pitch angle of the blade. Includes, wherein the control unit, independently controlling the pitch angle of each of the blades so that the load of each of the blades is applied in the direction of the drive shaft.
  • the wind power generator a load sensing unit provided in the root of each blade;
  • the control unit may receive the drive shaft direction moment of each of the blades from the load sensing unit and independently control the pitch of each blade so that the sum of the drive shaft direction moments is orthogonal to the drive shaft.
  • the load sensing unit may be a three-dimensional accelerometer sensor to measure the widthwise load, the longitudinal load, and the drive shaft direction moment of the blade.
  • control unit is characterized in that it operates in a high wind speed section above the rated output of the wind turbine.
  • the wind turbine having the variable pitch blade of the present invention according to the above configuration, regardless of the rotational position of the blade so that the direction of the drive shaft direction moment received by the blade is orthogonal to the drive shaft of the wind turbine high wind speed section or more of the wind turbine rated output In the stable and efficient operation of the wind turbine is effective. In particular, even in the mountainous terrain where high wind speed turbulence above the design load of wind power generators occurs, the durability of the wind power generator is ensured, thereby reducing the cost of maintenance.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a conventional variable pitch wind turbine
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the pitch variable wind power generator of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a load distribution diagram of the blade of the present invention
  • blade 31 first blade
  • load detection unit 51 first load detection unit
  • the present invention relates to a wind turbine comprising a tower, a nacelle, a blade, a means for varying the pitch of the blade, a load sensing unit and a control unit.
  • the present invention was invented to prevent the drive shaft and related components from being damaged by preventing the vibration of the drive shaft of the nacelle even when the wind speed is strongly generated above the rated output and the blade rotation speed exceeds the rated output rotation speed. Therefore, the wind turbine of the present invention maintains the maximum rotational speed of the blades close to the static output rotational speed even at high wind speed and instantaneous high wind speed turbulence, and prevents vibration of the driving shaft due to the imbalance of the driving shaft direction of each blade.
  • the present invention configures the load sensing unit by the number of blades, and controls the pitch of each blade by the control unit according to the load information of each load sensing unit.
  • the load is relatively less than the load at the spaced apart rotation in the tower to compensate for this to reduce the vibration of the drive shaft and further increase the durability of the wind turbine.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a wind turbine having a variable pitch blade according to an embodiment of the present invention. 2, the wind power generator according to an embodiment of the present invention, the tower 10, the nacelle 20, the blade 30, the hub 40, the load sensing unit 50, the pitch variable means (not shown) ) And a controller (not shown).
  • Tower 10 may be formed in the vertical direction.
  • the lower end of the tower 10 is fixed to the ground, the upper end may be formed with a coupling portion (not shown) for coupling the natsel 20.
  • the tower 10 and the natsel 20 may be coupled to each other so that the natsel 20 may be rotatable in a direction horizontal to the ground. This is to position the upstream end of the nacelle 20 in the wind speed direction.
  • Coupling portion can be applied to the conventional configuration for the coupling of the tower 10 and the nacelle 20 bar detailed description thereof will be omitted.
  • Natsel 20 is a core configuration of the wind turbine, is hinged through the coupling portion to the tower 10 to pitch movement to optimize the position of the blade 30 according to the wind speed direction.
  • the blade 30 Upstream of the natsel 20, the blade 30 may be coupled to be rotatable with the rotational axis as the wind speed direction.
  • the inside of the natsel 20 may be provided with a drive shaft connected to the rotating shaft of the blade 30, a speed increaser and a generator connected to the drive shaft. That is, the natsel 20 may be configured such that the rotational force of the rotor blades 30 reaches the generator through the drive shaft.
  • a plurality of blades 30 are radially connected around the hub 40 connected to the drive shaft of the natsel 20. Two or more blades 30 may be coupled to the hub 40. At this time, the blade 30 may be coupled to the hub 40 through a pitch variable means (not shown) so that the inclination angle and pitch of the blade and the blade are variable.
  • the pitch varying means couples the blade 30 to the hub 40 such that the pitch of the blade 30 is variable so that the pitch can be rotated (P).
  • the pitch variable means is a configuration for changing the pitch of the blade 30, for example, a conventional configuration for pitch rotation (P) of the blade 30 by a geared motor or hydraulic pressure can be applied bar detailed description.
  • the number of blades is not limited to three, and the number may vary depending on the capacity and use of the generator.
  • three blades 30 are applied, and for convenience, the upper blade 30 is defined as the first blade 31 and the second blade 32 along the clockwise direction with respect to the first blade 31. And a third blade 33 will be described.
  • the rotor blade 30 is a blade that is commonly used in wind power generators will be omitted a detailed configuration thereof.
  • the root part of the blade 30 is provided with a load sensing part 50.
  • the load sensing unit 50 may be installed on the wind incident surface of the blade 30.
  • the load sensing unit 50 is composed of an acceleration sensor for measuring the load applied to the blades 30, and a plurality of load sensors 50 may be configured to correspond to the respective blades 30. That is, the root of the first blade 31 is provided with a first load sensing unit 51, and the root of the second blade 32 is provided with a second load sensing unit 52, and The third load sensing unit 53 may be provided at the root.
  • the load sensing unit 50 is configured to detect the load of each blade (31, 32, 33) and transmit it to the control unit (not shown), the control unit according to the load signal of the load sensing unit 50 is the pitch variable means It drives to control the pitch rotation (P) of the blade (30).
  • the present invention is the first to third blade by using the load information of each of the first to third blades (31, 32, 33) received from each of the first to third load sensing unit (51, 52, 53) (31, 32, 33) It is comprised so that each pitch rotation can be controlled independently.
  • the controller (not shown) receives a load signal of each of the first to third load sensing units 51, 52, and 53, and the pitch motion of each of the first to third blades 31, 32, and 33 ( P) Drive the pitch variable means for control.
  • the blade 30 is pitch angle is controlled in real time according to the rotation position, the pitch angle may be controlled to receive more load of the wind speed than when rotating the separation section in the tower 10 when rotating the adjacent section to the tower (10). . This is because the blade 30 receives less wind load than when the blade 30 rotates at an interval in the tower 10 due to the shear load by the tower 10 when the blade 30 rotates adjacent to the tower 10.
  • the difference between the load of the blade 30 to rotate the portion of the tower 10 and the load of the blade 30 to rotate the upper portion of the wind turbine is generated rapidly, to compensate for this.
  • each blade 30 in real time at the same time to prevent the imbalance of the drive shaft direction moment of each blade 30, there is an advantage that can significantly reduce the vibration of the drive shaft.
  • the present invention classifies and detects the load received by the blade 30 into the widthwise load, the longitudinal load and the drive shaft direction load of the blade. Configured.
  • the load sensing unit 50 of the present invention applies a three-dimensional acceleration sensor.
  • the first load detection unit 51 mounted on the first blade 31 measures the load Bq1 acting in the width direction of the first blade 31, the load Bd1 acting in the longitudinal direction, and the drive shaft direction moment Bw1.
  • the second load sensing unit 52 mounted to the second blade 32 may include a load Bq2 acting in the width direction of the second blade 32, a load Bd2 acting in the longitudinal direction, and a driving shaft direction moment Bw2.
  • the third load sensing unit 53 which can be measured and mounted on the third blade 33 includes a load Bq3 acting in the width direction of the third blade 33, a load Bd3 acting in the longitudinal direction, and a drive shaft direction moment Bw3. Can be measured.
  • the controller controls the pitch of each of the first, second, and third blades 31, 32, and 33 so that the direction sum of the Bw1, Bw2, and Bw3 is orthogonal to the drive shaft direction DT. Therefore, even if the load applied to each blade is changed by the independent pitch control of each blade, the external force applied to the drive shaft except for the rotational force of the drive shaft can be removed to prevent the vibration of the drive shaft.
  • the control unit is configured to be driven only when wind speeds above the rated output occur. This is because it is possible to overcome the structural stiffness according to the design load even if the external force occurs in the drive shaft at the wind speed below the rated output, and to maximize the power generation efficiency by maximizing the wind speed below the rated output.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention porte sur un générateur d'énergie éolienne pour produire de l'électricité à l'aide de l'énergie éolienne, et, de façon plus spécifique, sur un générateur d'énergie éolienne ayant des pales à pas variable qui commandent l'angle de pas des pales de telle sorte que les charges de chacune des pales se dirigent vers l'arbre d'entraînement du générateur d'énergie éolienne.
PCT/KR2013/012065 2012-12-26 2013-12-24 Générateur d'énergie éolienne ayant des pales à pas variable WO2014104697A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR10-2012-0153976 2012-12-26
KR1020120153976A KR20140083832A (ko) 2012-12-26 2012-12-26 피치 가변 블레이드를 갖는 풍력발전기

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WO2014104697A1 true WO2014104697A1 (fr) 2014-07-03

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PCT/KR2013/012065 WO2014104697A1 (fr) 2012-12-26 2013-12-24 Générateur d'énergie éolienne ayant des pales à pas variable

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WO (1) WO2014104697A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106050563A (zh) * 2016-08-10 2016-10-26 徐州工程学院 一种大型风力发电机叶轮转角调节机构及其工作方法

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101941676B1 (ko) 2018-04-26 2019-01-23 (주)한진산업 풍력발전기의 피치 제어 시스템 및 이를 포함하는 풍력발전시스템
KR102065612B1 (ko) 2018-04-26 2020-01-14 주식회사 한진산업 풍력발전기의 개별 피치 제어 시스템 및 이를 포함하는 풍력발전시스템

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007231911A (ja) * 2006-03-03 2007-09-13 Nabtesco Corp 風車用センサ機構及び風車の減振方法
JP2010255625A (ja) * 2009-03-30 2010-11-11 Ａ−Ｗｉｎｇインターナショナル株式会社 可変ピッチ装置
KR20110023446A (ko) * 2009-08-31 2011-03-08 주식회사 효성 풍력 발전기용 로터와 이를 적용한 풍력 발전기 및 이의 동작 제어 방법
KR20120029676A (ko) * 2010-09-17 2012-03-27 한국과학기술원 풍력 터빈 및 풍력 터빈 블레이드의 피치 제어 방법

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007231911A (ja) * 2006-03-03 2007-09-13 Nabtesco Corp 風車用センサ機構及び風車の減振方法
JP2010255625A (ja) * 2009-03-30 2010-11-11 Ａ−Ｗｉｎｇインターナショナル株式会社 可変ピッチ装置
KR20110023446A (ko) * 2009-08-31 2011-03-08 주식회사 효성 풍력 발전기용 로터와 이를 적용한 풍력 발전기 및 이의 동작 제어 방법
KR20120029676A (ko) * 2010-09-17 2012-03-27 한국과학기술원 풍력 터빈 및 풍력 터빈 블레이드의 피치 제어 방법

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106050563A (zh) * 2016-08-10 2016-10-26 徐州工程学院 一种大型风力发电机叶轮转角调节机构及其工作方法
CN106050563B (zh) * 2016-08-10 2018-11-06 徐州工程学院 一种大型风力发电机叶轮转角调节机构及其工作方法

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