WO2014101535A1 - 一种人体安检系统 - Google Patents

一种人体安检系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014101535A1
WO2014101535A1 PCT/CN2013/085451 CN2013085451W WO2014101535A1 WO 2014101535 A1 WO2014101535 A1 WO 2014101535A1 CN 2013085451 W CN2013085451 W CN 2013085451W WO 2014101535 A1 WO2014101535 A1 WO 2014101535A1
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Prior art keywords
human body
closed area
body security
rays
detected
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PCT/CN2013/085451
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈志强
李元景
赵自然
吴万龙
唐乐
刘以农
金颖康
刘文国
曹硕
郑志敏
丁光伟
阮明
陈秀玮
Original Assignee
同方威视技术股份有限公司
清华大学
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Publication of WO2014101535A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014101535A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V5/00—Prospecting or detecting by the use of ionising radiation, e.g. of natural or induced radioactivity
    • G01V5/20—Detecting prohibited goods, e.g. weapons, explosives, hazardous substances, contraband or smuggled objects
    • G01V5/22—Active interrogation, i.e. by irradiating objects or goods using external radiation sources, e.g. using gamma rays or cosmic rays
    • G01V5/222—Active interrogation, i.e. by irradiating objects or goods using external radiation sources, e.g. using gamma rays or cosmic rays measuring scattered radiation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
    • G01N23/20—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by using diffraction of the radiation by the materials, e.g. for investigating crystal structure; by using scattering of the radiation by the materials, e.g. for investigating non-crystalline materials; by using reflection of the radiation by the materials
    • G01N23/203—Measuring back scattering

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of nuclear technology imaging applications, in particular to backscatter detection imaging of a human body. Background technique
  • the ray is modulated and collimated into a pen beam to scan the object point by point, and the detector receives the ray scattered back on the object.
  • the scanning position and the signal point are corresponding to obtain the object information. Backscattered image.
  • the commonly used scanning mode is: the pen beam is modulated and aligned in the first dimension; the pen beam plane is translated relative to the human body along the second dimension along the detector; the first dimension is approximately the same as the second dimension vertical.
  • the disadvantage of this scanning mode is that one scanning detection can only obtain the image of the body of the inspected person close to the detector side, while the other side is a blind area and cannot scan; to eliminate the blind area and obtain a complete human body image, the inspected person must After a scan is completed, it is rotated 180° for the second scan, that is, two scans are required; the turning action increases the invalid detection time and reduces the detection pass rate as a whole.
  • the typical time for single-sided scanning is about 10 seconds, and it is usually 1.5 seconds to 2 seconds when the operator informs the inspected person that he can turn to the actual turn and reset the posture.
  • a human body security system comprising a plurality of radiation emitting-receiving modules arranged to emit X-rays to a detected object and to receive scattering from the detected object X-ray, wherein the ray-receiving module forms a closed area with respect to the object to be detected, The object to be detected performs safety detection in the enclosed area.
  • the ray emission-receiving module comprises: a distributed X-ray source having a plurality of exit targets, each of the exit targets providing X-rays; a collimating plate, the collimating plate being disposed with the exit target a collimating hole corresponding to the position to constrain the X-ray emitted by the exit target into a pen beam; the detector having a through groove corresponding to the collimating hole, so that the pen beam is from the middle Passing through to the object to be inspected, and the detector receives X-rays scattered from the object to be detected.
  • the closed area is set to one of the following areas: a positive N-shaped closed area, N is a natural number not less than 4; a circular closed area; an elliptical closed area.
  • the plurality of ray-receiving modules constituting the enclosed area are connected in an easy-to-detach manner.
  • the means for facilitating disassembly is to be connected by a snap or to provide one of the plurality of radiation emitting-receiving modules to be pivotable.
  • a control component is further included, the control component controlling a beaming timing of the distributed X-ray source.
  • the control component controlling a beaming timing of the distributed X-ray source.
  • FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a transmitting-receiving module according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a transmitting-receiving module constituting a detecting area according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • a schematic diagram of the structure of a human body security inspection system of an embodiment is detailed description
  • a human body security system includes a plurality of radiation emitting-receiving modules (EDMs) 11, and the radiation emitting-receiving module 11 is disposed to be detected 5 emission
  • the X-rays and the X-rays scattered from the object 5 to be detected are received, wherein the radiation-receiving module 11 forms a closed area with respect to the object 5 to be detected, and the object 5 to be detected performs safety detection in the enclosed area.
  • the ray-receiving module 11 includes: a distributed X-ray source 1 having a plurality of exit targets 101, each of which provides X-rays; a straight plate 2, the collimating plate 2 is provided with a collimating hole 201 corresponding to the exit target 101 to constrain X-rays emitted by the exit target 101 into a pen beam; a detector 3, the detector 3 has a through groove 301 corresponding to the collimating hole so that the pen beam ray passes therethrough, is directed toward the object 5 to be detected, and the detector 3 receives X-rays scattered from the object 5 to be detected.
  • the number of the target points 101 depends on the resolution and the like required by the application, and is not limited, and the figures are only used for illustration, and are not actually limited thereto.
  • a plurality of target points 101 are arranged on a two-dimensional plane.
  • Each target has the ability to independently emit radiation and can be individually controlled to emit radiation in a predetermined sequence.
  • the collimating plate 2 is made of a material that shields X-rays, such as lead, tungsten, copper, steel, lead oxide, tungsten oxide, or the like, or a mixture of any of the foregoing materials, preferably lead.
  • the collimating plate 2 is provided with a collimating hole 201 corresponding to the position of the target 101 of the X-ray source 1, and the beam emitted from the target 101 is constrained into a pen beam by the collimating hole 201.
  • the collimating holes 201 may be circular, square, preferably circular.
  • the detector 3 can absorb X-rays into electrical signals and further convert them into digital signals that can be used for computer display.
  • a through groove 301 is formed in the detector 3 at a position corresponding to the collimating hole 201 so that pen beam rays can pass therethrough and hit the human body.
  • the distributed X-ray source 1, the collimator 2 and the detector 3 form a "transmit-receive" module (EDM) 11 .
  • EDM transmit-receive module
  • the detection area 6 may be squared by four EDMs, or may be surrounded by N EDMs into a positive N-shape (N may be any natural number greater than or equal to 4), and even one or more curved surfaces may be used. It is within the scope of the invention for the EDM to be surrounded by a circular or elliptical detection zone. It is preferable to surround the detection area of the regular hexagon with six EDMs.
  • a plurality of radiation emitting-receiving modules constituting the enclosed area are connected in an easy-to-detach manner.
  • the means for facilitating disassembly is to be connected by a snap or to provide one of the plurality of radiation emitting-receiving modules to be pivotable.
  • the EDM can be designed to resemble a door axis. Structure, using an electric motor to control an EDM can form the action of opening and closing the door. This makes it easy for people to enter and exit the inspection area.
  • a control component 4 is also included, which controls the beaming timing of the distributed X-ray source. For example, it is possible to control that only one target is out at any time; thereby forming a unique flying spot scan.
  • the order of the bundles may be a vertical direction or a horizontal direction, preferably a vertical direction.
  • the process of performing security inspection on the inspected person is as follows:
  • the inspected person 5 enters the detection area 6 and stands still; the control unit 4 controls a row of target points of the X-ray source 1 of the EDM 11 to sequentially follow the vertical direction, and realizes a uniform scanning of the target human body in the vertical direction; After one column, the control unit 4 controls the adjacent next column target of the X-ray source 1 of the EDM 11 to sequentially beam out in the vertical direction to achieve a uniform scan of the second column of the target human body; similarly, the control unit 4 controls the X of the EDM11.
  • the targets of the other columns of the ray source 1 are sequentially scanned out of the beam point by point; similarly, the control unit 4 sequentially controls all the column targets of the other EDMs to sequentially scan out the beam by point; while the beam is being emitted, the control unit 4 According to the timing frequency of controlling the beam emitted from the X-ray source 1, the control detector 3 performs signal acquisition according to the corresponding frequency; when all the targets of the X-ray source 1 of all the EDMs are beam-by-point, the entire human body scan is completed.
  • the inspected person 5 leaves the detection area 6, and does not need to make an action of changing the posture such as turning.
  • the human body security inspection system adopts a non-linear scanning path around the human body, and the common scanning blind areas, such as the sides of the body, the sides of the hands and legs, etc., can be completely eliminated; the target using the distributed X-ray source is adopted.
  • Point two-dimensional distribution, target switching can be achieved only by a specific timing control signal, which not only replaces the mechanical movement of the traditional flying point scanning in the first dimension, but also replaces the scanning movement of the second dimension;
  • the ground adopts a fully fixed structure, and there is no moving part in the scanning process, which greatly simplifies the mechanical structure and is easy to control the scanning speed.
  • it is not necessary for the inspector to change the posture and change the posture It can minimize the invalid time of the whole detection and improve the passing rate of the detected personnel. At the same time, it can greatly improve the psychologically controlled feelings of the detected personnel caused by the change of posture, and reduce their psychological discomfort and resistance.

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种人体安检系统，其包括多个射线发射-接收模块，所述射线发射-接收模块设置成向被检测对象发射X射线以及接收从被检测对象散射的X射线，其中，所述射线发射-接收模块相对于被检测对象形成封闭区域，所述被检测对象在所述封闭区域内进行安全检测。

Description

种人体安检系统
技术领域
本发明涉及核技术成像应用领域， 特别涉及对人体的背散射检测成像。 背景技术
在背散射检测成像应用中， 射线经调制准直成为笔束射线逐点扫描物体， 同时探 测器接收物体上散射回来的射线， 数据处理时将扫描位置和信号点点对应即可得到反 映物体信息的背散射图像。
通常采用的扫描模式是： 笔束射线经调制准直在第一维方向； 笔束射线平面随着 探测器一起沿着第二维方向与人体相对平移； 第一维方向与第二维方向大致垂直。
典型的有两种方法：一种是笔束射线在水平方向，笔束射线平面沿垂直方向平移; 另一种是笔束射线在垂直方向， 笔束射线平面沿水平方向平移。
该扫描模式的缺点是一次扫描检测只能得到被检查人员的靠近探测器一面身体 的图像， 而另一面身体是盲区， 无法扫描； 要想消除盲区， 获取完整的人体图像， 被 检查人员须在一次扫描完成后转身 180° 进行第二次扫描才行， 即需要两次扫描检测； 转身动作会增加无效的检测时间， 整体上降低检测通过率。 例如单面扫描典型时间为 10秒左右， 而从操作者通知被检查人员可以转身到实际转身并重新摆好姿势站定费时 通常在 1.5秒至 2秒， 另外操作者确认被检查人员已经站定又需花 0.5秒至 1秒左右； 这样无效的检测时间就占到了 20%至 30%; 如果被检查人员行动迟缓或者交流迟缓会 造成更多的无效时间。
该扫描模式的另一缺点是即使进行了两次扫描检测， 但由于扫描束面和探测器是 直线移动， 使得人体上总会存在与扫描束面平行的表面， 至始至终不能被清晰地扫描， 仍然存在小部分的扫描盲区， 例如人体的两肋、 腿的左右两侧等部位。 发明内容
根据本发明的一个方面， 其提供了一种人体安检系统， 其包括多个射线发射-接 收模块，所述射线发射-接收模块设置成向被检测对象发射 X射线以及接收从被检测对 象散射的 X射线， 其中， 所述射线发射-接收模块相对于被检测对象形成封闭区域， 所 述被检测对象在所述封闭区域内进行安全检测。
优选的， 所述射线发射-接收模块包括： 分布式 X射线源， 其具有多个出射靶点， 每个出射靶点提供 X射线； 准直板， 所述准直板设置有与所述出射靶点位置对应的准 直孔， 以将由所述出射靶点射出的 X射线约束成笔束射线； 探测器， 所述探测器具有 与所述准直孔对应的通槽， 以便所述笔束射线从中穿过， 射向被检测对象， 以及所述 探测器接收从所述被检测对象散射的 X射线。
优选地， 所述封闭区域设置成以下区域中的一种： 正 N边形封闭区域， N为不 小于 4的自然数； 圆形封闭区域； 椭圆形封闭区域。
优选地， 构成所述封闭区域的多个射线发射-接收模块之间采用便于拆装的方式 连接。
优选地， 所述便于拆装的方式为通过搭扣连接或者将所述多个射线发射-接收模 块中的一个设置成可绕枢轴旋转。
优选地， 还包括控制部件， 所述控制部件控制所述分布式 X射线源的出束时序。 本发明的上述不特定的实施方式至少具有下述一个或者多个方面的优点和效果： 与现有技术相比， 本发明的人体安检系统能够对人体快速完整扫描且无盲区。 附图说明
本发明的这些和 /或其他方面和优点从下面结合附图对优选实施例的描述中将变 得明显和容易理解， 其中：
图 1是根据本发明的一种具体实施方式的发射 -接收模块的分解示意图； 图 2是根据本发明的一种实施方式的发射-接收模块构成检测区域的示意图； 图 3是根据本发明的一种实施方式的人体安检系统的结构示意图。 具体实施方式
下面通过实施例， 并结合附图 1-3， 对本发明的技术方案作进一步具体的说明。 在说明书中， 相同或相似的附图标号指示相同或相似的部件。 下述参照附图对本发明 实施方式的说明旨在对本发明的总体发明构思进行解释， 而不应当理解为对本发明的 一种限制。
根据本发明的优选的实施方式的一种人体安检系统， 如图 3所示， 其包括多个射 线发射-接收模块（EDM) 11， 所述射线发射-接收模块 11设置成向被检测对象 5发射 X射线以及接收从被检测对象 5散射的 X射线， 其中， 所述射线发射-接收模块 11相 对于被检测对象 5形成封闭区域，所述被检测对象 5在所述封闭区域内进行安全检测。
如图 1所示， 根据本发明优选的实施方式， 所述射线发射-接收模块 11包括： 分 布式 X射线源 1， 其具有多个出射靶点 101， 每个出射靶点提供 X射线； 准直板 2， 所述准直板 2设置有与所述出射靶点 101对应的准直孔 201，以将由所述出射靶点 101 射出的 X射线约束成笔束射线； 探测器 3， 所述探测器 3具有与所述准直孔对应的通 槽 301， 以便所述笔束射线从中穿过， 射向被检测对象 5， 以及所述探测器 3接收从所 述被检测对象 5散射的 X射线。
根据本发明的实施方式， 靶点 101的数量取决于应用场合需要的分辨率等指标， 并无限制， 附图所绘的数量仅用于示意， 并不表示实际局限于此。
如图 1所示， 多个靶点 101在二维面上排列。 每个靶点都具有独立出射射线的能 力， 并可由外部控制信号控制按照预定的顺序单独出射射线。
根据本发明的实施方式， 准直板 2由对 X射线具有屏蔽作用的材料制成， 如铅、 钨、 铜、 钢、 氧化铅、 氧化钨等， 或前述任几种材料的混合物， 优选铅。 准直板 2上 开有与 X射线源 1的靶点 101位置相对应的准直孔 201， 靶点 101出射的射线经过准 直孔 201被约束成笔束射线。 准直孔 201可以是圆形、 方形， 优选圆形。
探测器 3能吸收 X射线转成电信号，并进一步转换成能用于计算机显示的数字信 号。 探测器 3上在与准直孔 201对应的位置开有通槽 301， 以便笔束射线能从中穿过， 打在人体上。
分布式 X射线源 1、准直板 2和探测器 3组成一个"发射-接收"模块（简称 EDM) 11。 若干个 EDM可以构成检测区域 6， 具体的模块数量可以根据实际需要确定。 如图 2所示， 检测区域 6可以用四个 EDM围成正方形， 或用 N个 EDM围成正 N边形 （N 可以是任意大于等于 4的自然数）， 甚至可以用一个或多个弧面的 EDM围成圆形或椭 圆形的检测区域， 都属于本发明的范围。 优选用六个 EDM围成正六边形的检测区域。
根据本发明的优选的实施方式， 如图 3所示， 构成所述封闭区域的多个射线发射 -接收模块之间采用便于拆装的方式连接。
优选地， 所述便于拆装的方式为通过搭扣连接或者将所述多个射线发射-接收模 块中的一个设置成可绕枢轴旋转。
例如， 通过上述便于拆装的方式连接， 以方便随时移动某一个 EDM或几个 EDM 的位置。 在例如上述的绕枢轴旋转的方式连接， 可以把 EDM之间设计成类似门轴结 构， 用电机驱动控制一个 EDM可以形成开关门的动作。 这样便于人员出入检测区域。 根据本发明优选的实施方式， 还包括控制部件 4， 所述控制部件 4控制所述分布 式 X射线源的出束时序。 例如， 可以控制任意时刻只有一个靶点在出束； 以此形成特 有的飞点扫描。 出束的顺序可以是垂直方向， 也可以是水平方向， 优选垂直方向。
根据本发明的人体安检系统， 对被检查人员进行安检的过程如下：
被检查人员 5进入检测区域 6， 站立不动； 控制部件 4控制 EDM11的 X射线源 1的一列靶点沿着垂直方向依次出束， 在垂直方向上实现对目标人体的一列匀速扫描； 扫描完一列后， 控制部件 4控制 EDM11的 X射线源 1的相邻的下一列靶点沿着垂直 方向依次出束， 实现对目标人体的第二列匀速扫描； 类似的， 控制部件 4控制 EDM11 的 X射线源 1的其它列的靶点都依序逐点出束扫描； 类似的， 控制部件 4依次控制其 它 EDM的所有列靶点依序逐点出束扫描； 在出束的同时， 控制部件 4根据控制 X射 线源 1出束的时序频率，控制探测器 3按照相应的频率进行信号采集； 当所有 EDM的 X射线源 1的所有靶点都逐点出束完毕， 整个人体扫描也就完成， 被检查人员 5离开 检测区域 6， 无须做出转身等改变姿态的动作。
本发明所提供的人体安检系统， 采用了环绕人体的非直线扫描路径， 常见的扫描 盲区——例如身体两侧、 手腿两侧等——可彻底消除； 采用了分布式 X射线源的靶点 二维分布， 靶点切换只需加以特定时序的控制信号即可实现， 不仅取代了传统的飞点 扫描第一维方向的机械移动， 而且也取代了第二维的扫描移动； 因此更进一步地采用 了全固定式结构， 扫描过程中无任何需要移动的部件， 大大简化了机械结构， 且对扫 描速度易于控制； 在安检过程中， 无须被检查人员做出转身等改变姿态的动作， 这能 最大程度地减少整个检测的无效时间， 提高检测的人员通过率； 同时也能极大改善由 于改变姿态造成的被检测人员心理上的被控制感受， 降低其心理不适和抵触情绪。
虽然本总体发明构思的一些实施例已被显示和说明， 本领域普通技术人员将理 解， 在不背离本总体发明构思的原则和精神的情况下， 可对这些实施例做出改变， 本 发明的范围以权利要求和它们的等同物限定。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 一种人体安检系统， 其包括多个射线发射 -接收模块， 所述射线发射-接收模块 设置成向被检测对象发射 X射线以及接收从被检测对象散射的 X射线，
其中， 所述射线发射-接收模块相对于被检测对象形成封闭区域， 所述被检测对 象在所述封闭区域内进行安全检测。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的人体安检系统， 其中， 所述射线发射-接收模块包括： 分布式 X射线源， 其具有多个出射靶点， 每个出射靶点提供 X射线；
准直板， 所述准直板设置有与所述出射靶点对应的准直孔， 以将由所述出射靶点 射出的 X射线约束成笔束射线；
探测器，所述探测器具有与所述准直孔对应的通槽，以便所述笔束射线从中穿过， 射向被检测对象， 以及所述探测器接收从所述被检测对象散射的 X射线。
3. 根据权利要求 1所述的人体安检系统，其中，所述封闭区域设置成以下区域中 的一种：
正 N边形封闭区域， N为不小于 4的自然数；
圆形封闭区域；
椭圆形封闭区域。
4. 根据权利要求 1所述的人体安检系统，其中，构成所述封闭区域的多个射线发 射-接收模块之间采用便于拆装的方式连接。
5. 根据权利要求 4所述的人体安检系统，其中，所述便于拆装的方式为通过搭扣 连接或者将所述多个射线发射-接收模块中的一个设置成可绕枢轴旋转。
6. 根据权利要求 2所述的人体安检系统， 其中， 还包括控制部件， 所述控制部件 控制所述分布式 X射线源的出束时序。
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