WO2014097796A1

WO2014097796A1 - Facial photography device, method for measuring head inclination during facial photography, and device for facial photography and x-ray imaging

Info

Publication number: WO2014097796A1
Application number: PCT/JP2013/081088
Authority: WO
Inventors: 芳夫太田
Original assignee: Ohta Yoshio
Priority date: 2012-12-17
Filing date: 2013-11-19
Publication date: 2014-06-26
Also published as: JP2014117428A; JP5259873B1

Abstract

Provided is a facial photography device whereby a standard lateral facial photograph, a standard frontal facial photograph, a facial photograph from any direction between frontal and a side, etc., can be taken easily and with high reproducibility in a state in which the inclination of a head of a subject in the front-rear direction is the same, and whereby there is no danger such as when an orbitale support rod is used. A facial photography device has a pair of arms (12, 13) provided facing each other on either side of a reference line (16) and capable of rotating about the reference line (16), ear rods (17, 18) provided to respective mutually facing inside surfaces of the pair of arms (12, 13), and a head inclination setting device (19) provided to one arm (13). The head inclination setting device (19) has the function of a protractor for measuring an angle of inclination with respect to the horizontal about a reference point on the arm (13) or the ear rod (18). During setting of the inclination of the head in the front-rear direction, a horizontal plane is confirmed using a horizontal plate (20) attached to a bottom end of the head inclination setting device (19), for example.

Description

Facial photography apparatus, method of measuring head tilt when taking facial photography, facial photography, and X-ray photography apparatus

The present invention relates to a face photography apparatus, a method for measuring a head tilt when photographing a face, a face photography, and an X-ray photography apparatus.

In orthodontic treatment, a face standard photograph or a head X-ray standard photograph (cephalogram) is taken in order to determine a treatment policy and judge a treatment effect, and based on this face standard photograph or a head X-ray standard photograph. Analysis is generally performed (see, for example, Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2).

Facial or cephalometric radiographs are for the patient's head (Frankfort)
It is said that the image is taken at a position where the plane is parallel to the floor (see Non-Patent Documents 1 to 3). Here, the Frankfurt plane is a plane that connects the lowest point of the orbital bone edge (orbitale) and the upper edge of the ear canal (porion).

As a face standard photograph, it is common to take a front face standard photograph and a side (side) face standard photograph. On the other hand, as cephalometric radiographs, lateral cephalometric radiographs are exclusively taken, and in order to make the Frankfurt plane of the head parallel to the floor surface, In addition, it is known that a lower orbital point support rod having a needle-like tip is provided in a horizontal plane so as to face the patient's face (see Non-Patent Document 3). As a cephalometric radiogram, a posterior front (PA (posteroanterior)) cephalometric radiograph may be taken as necessary, but a posterior anterior cephalometric radiograph is taken. This is rather rare, and moreover, it is difficult to say that useful information useful for treatment can be acquired from a posterior front cephalometric radiograph. The main reason is that it is extremely difficult to set the tilt of the head in the front-rear direction when taking a back-front-direction cephalometric radiograph, so that the tilt of the head differs every time it is taken. . If the images are taken with different head tilts, the resulting posterior front X-ray standard photograph gives a completely different impression. For this reason, at present, it is considered that the posterior-forward cephalometric radiogram is not a reliable material for determining the skeleton of the patient's head.

In addition, immediately polymerized resin is poured into the left and right external ear canals of the human child's dry skull to form female holes, and a stainless steel wire having a diameter of 3.0 mm is inserted into these female holes. Pass the semicircular protractor through the imaging device earlobe, glue the semicircular protractor perpendicular to the female hole on the resin side of the right ear canal, and so that the 90 ° line of the Frankfurt plane and the protractor is parallel, and indicate the central X-ray axis. By making an attachment with a resin to fix it to the X-ray equipment, the dry human skull can be fixed to the X-ray equipment from the left and right sides, and it can be rotated up and down at any angle around the stainless wire axis on the left and right sides. It is known that it can be performed (see Non-Patent Document 4).

However, Non-Patent Document 1 does not describe any specific method for photographing a front face standard photograph and a side face standard photograph with the same tilt of the patient's head. Non-Patent Document 2 describes a specific method for photographing a lateral cephalometric X-ray photograph and a back-front cephalometric X-ray standard photograph with the same inclination of the patient's head. It has not been. In Non-Patent Document 3, when taking a posterior front cephalometric X-ray photograph, “Because the image is likely to differ significantly due to the displacement of the head, lateral photography should be performed first, and the patient should learn the posture. "It is good to do" (page 147, line 11 to line 13 of the same document), and the patient's head in Frankfurt when taking a posterior cephalometric radiograph. No specific method is described for making the plane parallel to the floor. For this reason, it is considered difficult to take a back front X-ray standard photograph and a lateral X-ray standard photograph with the same tilt of the patient's head. Also, this method is dangerous because the patient's face or the like may come into contact with the orbital point support rod. These problems are the same when taking a front face standard photograph and a side face standard photograph using the orbital point support rod. Furthermore, the X-ray imaging method of Non-Patent Document 4 is extremely difficult to apply to patients.

Therefore, the problems to be solved by the present invention include lateral face standard photographs, front face standard photographs, face photographs in any direction between the front and the side, and the inclination of the subject's head in the front-rear direction. Providing a face photography device that can be photographed easily and with high reproducibility in the same state and that does not pose the dangers of using a support rod below the orbit, and a method for measuring the tilt of the head when performing face photography. It is to be.

Another problem to be solved by the present invention is that both face photography and cephalometric radiography can be performed, and a side face standard photograph, a front face standard photograph, and an arbitrary direction between the front and the side. Can be taken easily and with high reproducibility, with the same tilt in the front-rear direction of the subject's head, and without the danger of using a support rod below the orbit, Lateral head X-ray standard photographs, rear frontal head X-ray standard photographs, front-rear direction head X-ray standard photographs, head X-ray photographs in any direction between the rear front direction and the front-rear direction, etc. Facial photography and X-ray photography that can be taken easily and with high reproducibility, with the same tilt of the subject's head in the front-rear direction, and without the dangers of using the orbital point support rod Is to provide a device.

The above and other issues will become apparent from the following description with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides:
A pair of arms provided opposite to each other;
Ear rods respectively provided on inner surfaces facing each other of the pair of arms,
A head tilt setting device for setting a tilt in the front-rear direction of the head of a subject provided on at least one of the pair of arms, the central axis of the ear rod being integrated with the arm Having a transparent plate provided perpendicular to the center axis of the ear rod on the outer surface of the arm,
It is a face photography apparatus which has a horizontal surface confirmation mechanism.

The pair of arms is typically provided so as to face each other across the reference line, and is configured to be rotatable around the reference line. The head tilt setting device typically sets the tilt of the subject's head in a state where the ear rods of a pair of arms are attached to the outer ear holes of both ears of the subject. The head tilt setting device typically has a first reference point on the arm or ear rod and a second reference point on the face of the subject when the head is viewed from the side (side). The head inclination is set so that the connecting straight line is a horizontal line or a straight line inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the horizontal line. The head tilt setting device preferably has the function of a protractor that measures the tilt angle with respect to the horizontal line with the first reference point as the center. By using the function of this protractor, the tilt of the head in the front-rear direction can be set accurately. The inclination angle with respect to the horizontal line centered on the first reference point is a positive angle (when the straight line connecting the first reference point and the second reference point is inclined upward with respect to the horizontal line). Alternatively, it may be a negative angle (when a straight line connecting the first reference point and the second reference point is inclined downward with respect to the horizontal line).

The horizontal plane confirmation mechanism may be provided in the above transparent plate, or may be provided outside the above transparent plate. This horizontal plane confirmation mechanism can be used for the inspector to recognize the horizontal plane when setting the tilt of the head using the head tilt setting device. As will be apparent from the following description, it can be said that this horizontal plane confirmation mechanism substantially constitutes a part of the head tilt setting device. That is, it can be said that the head tilt setting device has the transparent plate and the horizontal plane confirmation mechanism. As the horizontal plane confirmation mechanism, for example, a horizontal plate provided on the transparent plate so as to protrude inward perpendicularly to the transparent plate is used. The horizontal plate may be installed on a support provided outside the transparent plate. In addition, as the horizontal plane confirmation mechanism, colored horizontal lines provided at positions facing each other on both surfaces of the transparent plate can also be used. Alternatively, as the horizontal plane confirmation mechanism, an optical device (including a light source and a scanning mechanism) that can scan a visible light beam in the horizontal plane may be used. The visible light beam is a beam of light emitted from a laser beam or a light emitting diode.

In order for the straight line connecting the first reference point and the second reference point to be the Frankfurt plane of the head or a plane close thereto, the first reference point is, for example, the highest point of the ear rod (during shooting) The second reference point is, for example, the lowest point of the orbital bone edge (Orbitale), the orbital margin just below the center of the pupil, Selected as the center. When the straight line connecting the first reference point and the second reference point does not have to be the Frankfurt plane or a plane close thereto, the first reference point and the second reference point can be arbitrarily selected. .

The camera of the face photography device may be basically any device, and is selected as necessary, for example, a single-lens reflex camera, a digital still camera, a video camera, or the like. The camera may be not only a normal optical camera but also an infrared camera (infrared thermography), for example. When an infrared camera is used, the temperature distribution on the face can be visualized. The face photography apparatus may be configured as a conventionally known moire photography apparatus. In this case, the face can be three-dimensionally displayed in a three-dimensional manner by the moire interference pattern appearing on the face (moire topography). .

In addition, this invention
When taking a face photo of the subject, the ear rods provided on the inner surfaces facing each other of a pair of arms provided facing each other are attached to the outer ear holes of both ears of the subject. The inclination of the subject's head in the front-rear direction is defined as a first reference point on the arm or the ear rod and a second reference point on the subject's face when the head is viewed from the side. A head inclination setting device provided on at least one of the pair of arms for setting a straight line connecting the two lines to a horizontal line or a straight line inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the horizontal line, A horizontal plane confirmation mechanism having a transparent plate integrally provided perpendicularly to the center axis of the ear rod, or provided on the outer surface of the arm perpendicular to the center axis of the ear rod. Measured using To, is the head inclination measurement method for carrying out the facial photography.

In the invention of the method of measuring the head tilt when taking a facial photograph, what has been described in relation to the invention of the facial photography apparatus is valid as long as the invention is not contrary to its nature.

In addition, this invention
A pair of arms provided opposite to each other;
Ear rods respectively provided on inner surfaces facing each other of the pair of arms,
A head tilt setting device for setting a tilt in the front-rear direction of the head of a subject provided on at least one of the pair of arms, the central axis of the ear rod being integrated with the arm Having a transparent plate provided perpendicular to the center axis of the ear rod on the outer surface of the arm,
A facial photography and X-ray imaging apparatus having a horizontal plane confirmation mechanism.

The facial photography and X-ray imaging apparatus may be basically any device as long as both facial photography and X-ray photography can be performed. The camera is provided with a camera for photographing a face. The X-ray imaging apparatus is, for example, a Cephalo X-ray imaging apparatus, but may be another medical / dental X-ray imaging apparatus, for example, a full jaw (panoramic) X-ray imaging apparatus or the like, and computed tomography (CT). It may be a device or the like.

According to the present invention, in facial photography, a lateral facial standard photograph, a front facial standard photograph, a facial photograph in an arbitrary direction between the front and the side, and the like, the inclination of the head of the subject in the front-rear direction is the same. In this state, the image can be taken easily and with high reproducibility, and there is no danger as in the case of using a support rod below the orbit. Further, in cephalometric radiography, lateral cephalometric X-ray standard photographs, rear front occipital X-ray standard photographs, anteroposterior directional X-ray standard photographs, and any direction between the posterior front direction and the anteroposterior direction X-rays can be taken easily and with high reproducibility with the same tilt in the front-rear direction of the subject's head, and there is also the danger of using a lower-orbital point support rod. Absent.

It is the basic diagram which looked at the facial photography apparatus by 1st Embodiment of this invention from the perpendicular direction with respect to the center axis | shaft of an ear rod in the horizontal direction. It is a basic diagram which shows the arm of the face photography apparatus by 1st Embodiment of this invention, and the head inclination setting apparatus installed in this arm. It is a top view which shows the horizontal board provided in the lower end of the head inclination setting apparatus of the face photography apparatus by 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a basic diagram for demonstrating the method of image | photographing a side face standard | standard photograph using the facial photo imaging device by 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a basic diagram for demonstrating the method of image | photographing a side face standard | standard photograph using the facial photo imaging device by 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a basic diagram for demonstrating the method of image | photographing a side face standard | standard photograph using the facial photo imaging device by 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a basic diagram for demonstrating the method to image | photograph the side face standard photography in the face high level in which the head inclined 10 degree | times to the upper side in the front-back direction using the face photography apparatus by 1st Embodiment of this invention. is there. It is a basic diagram for demonstrating the method to image | photograph a front face standard photograph using the face photo imaging device by 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a basic diagram for demonstrating the method to image | photograph a front face standard photograph using the face photo imaging device by 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a basic diagram for demonstrating the method of image | photographing the face standard photography of the arbitrary directions between the front and the side surface using the face photo imaging device by 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a drawing substitute photograph which shows the front face standard photograph which changed the inclination of the front-back direction of the test subject's 1 head into 3 steps | paragraphs using the face photography apparatus by 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a drawing substitute photograph which shows the front face standard photograph which changed the inclination of the front-back direction of the test subject's 1 head into 3 steps | paragraphs using the face photography apparatus by 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a drawing substitute photograph which shows the front face standard photograph which changed the inclination of the front-back direction of the test subject's 1 head into 3 steps | paragraphs using the face photography apparatus by 1st Embodiment of this invention. Using the facial photography apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention, a face standard photograph photographed from a direction that forms an angle of 45 ° with the front-rear direction by changing the inclination of the head of the subject 1 in the front-rear direction in three stages. It is a drawing substitute photograph shown. Using the facial photography apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention, a face standard photograph photographed from a direction that forms an angle of 45 ° with the front-rear direction by changing the inclination of the head of the subject 1 in the front-rear direction in three stages. It is a drawing substitute photograph shown. Using the facial photography apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention, a face standard photograph photographed from a direction that forms an angle of 45 ° with the front-rear direction by changing the inclination of the head of the subject 1 in the front-rear direction in three stages. It is a drawing substitute photograph shown. It is a drawing substitute photograph which shows the side face standard photograph which changed the inclination of the front-back direction of the test subject's 1 head into 3 steps | paragraphs using the face photography apparatus by 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a drawing substitute photograph which shows the side face standard photograph which changed the inclination of the front-back direction of the test subject's 1 head into 3 steps | paragraphs using the face photography apparatus by 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a drawing substitute photograph which shows the side face standard photograph which changed the inclination of the front-back direction of the test subject's 1 head into 3 steps | paragraphs using the face photography apparatus by 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is the basic diagram which looked at the face photography and X-ray imaging device by the 2nd Embodiment of this invention from the perpendicular direction with respect to the horizontal direction and the central axis of an ear rod. It is a basic diagram for demonstrating the method to image | photograph a lateral-head X-ray specification photograph using the facial photography and X-ray imaging apparatus by 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a basic diagram for demonstrating the method of image | photographing a back front head X-ray standard | standard photograph using the facial photography and X-ray imaging apparatus by 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a basic diagram for demonstrating the method of image | photographing a back front head X-ray standard | standard photograph using the facial photography and X-ray imaging apparatus by 2nd Embodiment of this invention. Abbreviation for explaining a method of taking a cephalometric radiograph in an arbitrary direction between the front-rear direction and the front-rear direction using the facial photography and X-ray imaging apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. It is a drawing substitute photograph which shows the side head X-ray standard photograph of the test subject 2 image | photographed using the facial photography and X-ray imaging apparatus by 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a drawing substitute photograph which shows the back front part head X-ray standard photograph of the test subject 2 image | photographed using the facial photography and X-ray imaging apparatus by 2nd Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 3 is a drawing-substituting photograph showing a lateral temporal X-ray standard photograph of a subject 3 photographed using the facial photography and X-ray photographing apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a drawing-substituting photograph showing a posterior frontal head X-ray standard photograph of the subject 3 photographed using the facial photography and X-ray photographing apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, modes for carrying out the invention (hereinafter referred to as “embodiments”) will be described.
<1. First Embodiment>
FIG. 1 shows a face photography apparatus according to a first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the facial photography apparatus includes a facial photography camera 11,

arms

12 and 13, and an arm control device 14. The installation position of the camera 11 is determined according to the direction from which the face of the subject is imaged. The camera 11 can be fixed to various conventionally known support devices such as a tripod. The arm control device 14 is supported on the floor surface by a support portion (not shown).

The

arms

12 and 13 are provided to face each other with a reference line 16 parallel to the vertical line interposed therebetween. Upper portions of the

arms

12 and 13 are attached to an arm control device 14. The

arms

12, 13 can be rotated around the reference line 16 by the arm control device 14, can be moved up and down in a direction parallel to the reference line 16, and can be translated in opposite directions in the horizontal direction. The lower portions of the

arms

12 and 13 are gradually narrowed toward the lower end, and the lower end is circular (see FIG. 2).

Cylindrical ear rods

17 and 18 each having a pointed tip are coaxially provided on inner surfaces of the lower ends of the

arms

12 and 13 facing each other. As the

ear rods

17 and 18, conventionally known ones can be used. The optical axis of the camera 11 is typically set to be the same height and horizontal as the central axes of the

ear rods

17 and 18. FIG. 1 shows a case where the center axis of the

ear rods

17 and 18 coincides with the optical axis of the camera 11 assuming that a lateral face standard photograph is taken. However, the present invention is not limited to this. Instead, the angle formed by the center axis of the

ear rods

17 and 18 and the optical axis of the camera 11 is determined according to which direction the face of the subject is imaged.

A head tilt setting device 19 for setting the tilt in the front-rear direction of the subject's head is attached to at least one outer surface of the

arms

12 and 13. FIG. 1 shows an example in which a head tilt setting device 19 is attached to the outer surface of the arm 13. In this case, the head tilt setting device 19 is made of a rectangular transparent plate perpendicular to the central axis of the ear rod 18. As the transparent plate, a transparent plastic plate such as an acrylic plate or a PET (polyethylene terephthalate) plate, a glass plate, or the like can be used. The transparent plate may have a thickness that provides the necessary mechanical strength and is difficult to bend. For example, the transparent plate has a thickness of 2 mm or more and 10 mm or less. The attachment method of the head inclination setting device 19 is not particularly limited, and any method such as adhesion and screwing may be used.

The details of the head tilt setting device 19 are shown in FIG. FIG. 2 is a view of the head tilt setting device 19 as viewed from a direction perpendicular to the surface thereof. As shown in FIG. 2, the lower end surface (base) of the head tilt setting device 19 is parallel to the horizontal plane. The lower end surface of the head tilt setting device 19 coincides with a tangential direction drawn perpendicularly to the central axis of the ear rod 18 at the uppermost point of the ear rod 18. The head tilt setting device 19 is formed with an angle scale 19a centered on the uppermost point of the ear rod 18, and has a function of a protractor. In FIG. 2, the angle graduations 19a are formed at intervals of 10 ° from 0 ° to 90 °. However, the method of attaching the angle graduations 19a is not limited to this, and is formed at intervals of 5 ° or 1 °, for example. Alternatively, the angle scale 19a may be formed by an angle within a specific range, for example, from 0 ° to 30 °. A line whose angle scale 19a is 0 ° coincides with the lower end surface of the head tilt setting device 19. The angle scale 19a is typically formed by, for example, a black colored line as in a normal protractor, but is not limited thereto. The angle scales 19a excluding 0 ° may be provided on one side of the head tilt setting device 19, but are preferably provided at positions corresponding to each other on both sides. Thus, by providing the angle scale 19a at positions corresponding to each other on both sides of the head tilt setting device 19, when the angle scale 19a is viewed from the horizontal direction, the direction in which the angle scales 19a on both sides coincide is the horizontal direction. If there is no coincidence, it can be determined that there is a deviation from the horizontal direction. On the lower end surface of the head tilt setting device 19, a horizontal plate 20 that protrudes inwardly perpendicularly to the head tilt setting device 19 is provided. FIG. 3 shows a plan view of the head tilt setting device 19 and the horizontal plate 20. As shown in FIG. 3, the horizontal plate 20 has a wide portion at a portion away from the ear rod 18. The horizontal plate 20 is preferably colored in order to facilitate visual recognition when checking the horizontal plane, and specifically, for example, black. The material, thickness, horizontal width and the like of the horizontal plate 20 can be selected as appropriate. Specifically, the material of the horizontal plate 20 is, for example, a transparent plastic such as acrylic, an opaque plastic, or a metal. Although the thickness of the horizontal plate 20 is 0.2 mm or more and 2 mm or less, for example, it is not limited to this. Further, the horizontal width of the horizontal plate 20 is, for example, not less than 1 mm and not less than 30 mm, but is not limited thereto.

Next, a method for performing face standard photography of a subject using this facial photography apparatus will be described.

(1) Method for taking a lateral face standard photograph In FIG. 1, the

arms

12 and 13 are translated in the horizontal direction outward, separated from each other, and moved to a sufficiently high position. In this state, as shown in FIG. 4, the head 21 of the subject is positioned between the

arms

12 and 13. The subject may be sitting on a chair or standing. Next, the

arms

12 and 13 are moved down so that the

ear rods

17 and 18 come to the height positions of the left and right outer ear holes of the head 21 of the subject. Next, the

arms

12 and 13 are translated inward in the horizontal direction, and the

ear rods

17 and 18 are inserted into the left and right outer ear holes of the head 21 of the subject. Then, the head 21 is fixed by making the uppermost points of the

ear rods

17 and 18 contact the upper edge of the ear canal (Polyon (Po)). Next, the examiner searches for a predetermined reference point (second reference point) on the face of the head 21, such as an orbitale (Or), an orbital border immediately below the center of the pupil, and the center of the eyelid fracture. For example, when the orbitale is used as the reference point, the examiner can search by touching the vicinity of the lower edge of the eye socket with the fingertip. Then, as shown in FIG. 5, a circular small colored sticker 22 is attached to the reference point thus searched. The seal 22 may basically have any color, for example, red, yellow, green, blue, white, black, or the like. If it is difficult to see the seal 22 affixed to this reference point from the side of the head 21, the seal 22 is also placed on the face at a position, for example, 5 to 20 mm away from the seal 22 in the horizontal direction. Paste. Next, as shown in FIG. 6, the examiner looks at the head tilt setting device 19 from the outside in the horizontal direction. At this time, the seal 22 can be seen through the head tilt setting device 19 made of a transparent plate. Then, the angle scale 19a of the head tilt setting device 19 is used to set a straight line connecting Polion (which coincides with the uppermost point of the ear rod 18) and the orbitale to a desired angle. FIG. 6 shows, as an example, a case where a plane connecting Polion and Orbitale, that is, the Frankfurt plane is set horizontally. In this way, when the Frankfurt plane is set to be horizontal, the horizontal plate 20 whose angle scale 19a is 0 ° is observed from the outside. At this time, when the horizontal plate 20 looks linear, it means that the horizontal plate 20 is observed from the horizontal direction. Therefore, the head 21 is inclined in the front-rear direction so that the straight line connecting the pillion and the orbitale coincides with the horizontal plate 20. Set. Thus, the Frankfurt plane of the head 21 is set to be parallel to the horizontal plane (floor surface).

The camera 11 is installed so that the optical axis thereof coincides with the center axis of the

ear rods

17 and 18, and when shooting the right side of the face of the head 21, it is on the arm 12 side, and when shooting the left side, it is the arm. Install on the 13th side. 4 shows an example in which the camera 11 is installed on the arm 12 side assuming that the right side of the face of the head 21 is photographed. Although the distance between the camera 11 and the mid-sagittal plane of the head 21 can be selected as appropriate, it is set to 150 cm, for example.

As described above, a lateral face standard photograph is taken by photographing with the camera 11 in a state where the inclination of the head 21 is set to a desired inclination.

As an example of taking a lateral face standard photograph at a position where the Frankfurt plane of the head 21 is inclined at a positive or negative angle with respect to the horizontal plane, the Frankfurt plane of the head 21 is inclined 10 ° upward with respect to the horizontal plane ( FIG. 7 shows a case where a lateral face standard photograph is taken at (high face). As shown in FIG. 7, in this case, the angle scale 19a of the head tilt setting device 19 is used to adjust the tilt of the head 21 in the front-rear direction so that the straight line connecting Polion and Orbitale is at an angle of + 10 °. Set.

(2) Method for Taking Front Face Standard Photographs As shown in FIG. 8, the

arms

12 and 13 are rotated by 90 ° around the reference line 16 from the position shown in FIG. Then, as shown in FIG. 9, the

ear rods

17 and 18 are inserted into the left and right outer ear holes of the head 21 of the subject as in the case of taking a lateral face standard photograph, and the uppermost of the

ear rods

17 and 18 is inserted. The head 21 is fixed by bringing the points into contact with the polyion. The camera 11 faces the face of the subject's head 21, and its optical axis is perpendicular to the vertical plane including the center axis of the

ear rods

17, 18, and is a straight line connecting the tips of the

ear rods

17, 18. Install so that it passes through the midpoint. When taking a front face standard photograph after taking a side face standard photograph as shown in FIG. 4, the

arms

12 and 13 may be moved 90 ° around the reference line 16 from the position shown in FIG. Then, the position of the camera 11 may be rotated by 90 °. It is assumed that the seal 22 is still attached to a predetermined reference point on the face of the head 21, specifically, for example, an orbitale. Next, the examiner looks at the head tilt setting device 19 in the horizontal direction from the outside. At this time, the seal 22 can be seen through the head tilt setting device 19. Then, in the same manner as when taking a side face standard photograph, the angle scale 19a of the head tilt setting device 19 is used to set the straight line connecting the pillion and the orbitale to the same angle as when the side face standard photograph is taken. . Then, by taking a front face standard photograph with the camera 11 at this position, it is possible to take a front face standard photograph in a state in which the tilt of the head 21 in the front-rear direction is the same as that in the side face standard photograph. For example, both the lateral face standard photograph and the front face standard photograph can be taken at a position where the Frankfurt plane of the head 21 is parallel to the horizontal plane (floor surface).

(3) Method for Taking a Facial Standard Photograph from an Arbitrary Direction Between the Front and Sides of the Head 21 in the Horizontal Plane The

arms

12 and 13 are angled around the reference line 16 from the position shown in FIG. Rotate by ° <β <360 °). FIG. 10 shows a plan view of the face photography apparatus and the head in this state. Then, as in the case of taking the side face standard photograph and the front face standard photograph, the

ear rods

17 and 18 are inserted into the left and right outer ear holes of the head 21 of the subject, and the earliest points of the

ear rods

17 and 18 are The head 21 is fixed by making contact with the polyion. Then, the camera 11 is installed such that its optical axis is inclined at an angle β with respect to the center axis of the

ear rods

17 and 18. It is assumed that the seal 22 is still attached to a predetermined reference point on the face of the head 21, specifically, for example, an orbitale. Next, the examiner looks at the head tilt setting device 19 in the horizontal direction from the outside. At this time, the seal 22 can be seen through the head tilt setting device 19. Then, in the same manner as when photographing the lateral face standard photograph and the front facial standard photograph, the lateral face standard photograph was photographed using the angle scale 19a of the head tilt setting device 19 and a straight line connecting Polion and Orbitale. Set to the same angle as the case. Then, by taking a picture with the camera 11 at this position, it is possible to take a face standard photograph in a state in which the tilt of the head 21 in the front-rear direction is the same as when photographing a side face standard photograph or a front face standard photograph. it can. For example, the face standard photograph can be taken at a position where the Frankfurt plane of the head 21 is parallel to the horizontal plane (floor surface), similarly to the side face standard photograph and the front face standard photograph.

According to the face photography apparatus according to the first embodiment, the following various advantages can be obtained. That is, by using the head tilt setting device 19 to set the tilt in the front-rear direction of the head 21 at the time of shooting to a desired tilt, the side face standard photograph, front face standard photograph, front and side face It is possible to easily and highly reproducibly capture a face standard photograph or the like in any intermediate direction with the same inclination of the head 21 of the subject in the front-rear direction. For this reason, for example, when a lateral face standard photograph or a front face standard photograph is taken at a certain time, for example, when taking one year after taking a picture at a certain time, the tilt of the head 21 in the front-rear direction is reduced. Images can be taken in the same state. As described above, since the head 21 can always be photographed with the same inclination in the front-rear direction, it is possible to easily compare the side face standard photograph or the front face standard photograph. This makes it possible to accurately examine the aging of the face of the head 21. In addition, in the first embodiment, since the lower orbital point support rod is not used, there is no danger in using the lower orbital point support rod.

[Example 1]
By using the head tilt setting device 19, the head face standard photograph of the subject 1, the face standard photograph and the side face standard photograph from the direction of the intermediate angle between the front and the side (β = 45 °) The picture was taken with three different tilts in the front-rear direction. Photographing was performed at a central occlusal position or a position corresponding thereto. A single-lens reflex camera attached to a tripod installed on the floor was used for shooting. 11A, 11B, and 11C show front face standard photographs taken at positions where the Frankfurt plane of the head 21 is inclined at 0 °, + 10 °, and + 20 ° with respect to the floor surface. 12A, 12B, and 12C, an intermediate angle between the front and the side (β = 45 °) at a position where the Frankfurt plane of the head 21 is inclined by 0 °, + 10 °, and + 20 ° with respect to the floor surface. A face standard photograph taken from the direction of. 13A, 13B, and 13C show side face standard photographs taken at positions where the Frankfurt plane of the head 21 is inclined at 0 °, + 10 °, and + 20 ° with respect to the floor surface. From FIG. 11A to FIG. 11C, FIG. 12A to FIG. 12C, and FIG. 13A to FIG. 13C, a front face standard photograph, a face standard photograph from the direction of an intermediate angle (β = 45 °) between the front and the side, and a side face standard photograph. It can be seen that the image can be taken with the same tilt in the front-rear direction of the head.

<2. Second Embodiment>
FIG. 14 shows a facial photography and X-ray imaging apparatus according to the second embodiment. As shown in FIG. 14, the facial photography and X-ray imaging apparatus includes a facial photography camera 11, an X-ray generation unit 23,

arms

12 and 13, an arm control device 14, and an X-ray detection unit. 24. The installation position of the camera 11 is determined according to the direction from which the face of the subject is imaged. The camera 11 can be fixed to various conventionally known support devices such as a tripod. The X-ray generator 23 has an X-ray tube 23a, and X-rays are generated from the X-ray tube 23a. The arm control device 14 is supported on the floor surface by a support portion (not shown).

X-rays generated from the X-ray tube 23a are applied to the head of the subject, and the X-rays transmitted through the head enter the X-ray detection unit 24 to obtain a transmitted X-ray image. Although the X-ray detection part 24 is not specifically limited, For example, an X-ray film, an imaging plate, a semiconductor detector etc. are used. The transmitted X-ray image is converted into, for example, a digital image signal as necessary. The X-ray detection unit 24 is in the position shown in FIG. 1 when performing X-ray photography, but when performing facial photography, for example, in the upward or left-right direction, the facial photography can be performed. Move.

The

arms

12 and 13 are provided to face each other with a reference line 16 parallel to the vertical line and orthogonal to the central X-ray. Upper portions of the

arms

12 and 13 are attached to an arm control device 14. The

arms

12 and 13 are gradually narrowed toward the lower end, and the lower end is circular (see FIG. 2). In the

arms

12 and 13, at least a portion irradiated with X-rays at the time of radiography is made of a transparent material, and generally almost all of it is made of a transparent material.

Cylindrical ear rods

arms

12 and 13 facing each other. As the

ear rods

17 and 18, conventionally known ones can be used, and their contours are captured at the time of photographing. The optical axis of the camera 11 is typically set to be the same height and horizontal as the central axes of the

ear rods

17 and 18. In FIG. 14, assuming that a lateral face standard photograph and a lateral head X-ray standard photograph are taken, the central axes of the

ear rods

17 and 18 coincide with the central X-ray and the optical axis of the camera 11. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the angle between the center axis of the

ear rods

17 and 18 and the center X-ray and the optical axis of the camera 11 depends on the face or head of the subject. It is determined depending on from which direction photography or X-ray photography is performed. For this purpose, the face photography and the X-ray photography apparatus are configured so that the relative positions of the

arms

12 and 13 and the camera 11 or the X-ray generator 23 can be changed as necessary.

arms

The details of the head tilt setting device 19 are shown in FIG. FIG. 2 is a view of the head tilt setting device 19 as viewed from a direction perpendicular to the surface thereof. As shown in FIG. 2, the lower end surface (base) of the head tilt setting device 19 is parallel to the horizontal plane. The lower end surface of the head tilt setting device 19 coincides with a tangential direction drawn perpendicularly to the central axis of the ear rod 18 at the uppermost point of the ear rod 18. The head tilt setting device 19 is formed with an angle scale 19a centered on the uppermost point of the ear rod 18, and has a function of a protractor. In FIG. 2, the angle graduations 19a are formed at intervals of 10 ° from 0 ° to 90 °. However, the method of attaching the angle graduations 19a is not limited to this, and is formed at intervals of 5 ° or 1 °, for example. Alternatively, the angle scale 19a may be formed by an angle within a specific range, for example, from 0 ° to 30 °. A line whose angle scale 19a is 0 ° coincides with the lower end surface of the head tilt setting device 19. The angle scale 19a is typically formed by, for example, a black colored line as in a normal protractor, but is not limited thereto. The angle scales 19a excluding 0 ° may be provided on one side of the head tilt setting device 19, but are preferably provided at positions corresponding to each other on both sides. Thus, by providing the angle scale 19a at positions corresponding to each other on both sides of the head tilt setting device 19, when the angle scale 19a is viewed from the horizontal direction, the direction in which the angle scales 19a on both sides coincide is the horizontal direction. If there is no coincidence, it can be determined that there is a deviation from the horizontal direction. On the lower end surface of the head tilt setting device 19, a horizontal plate 20 that protrudes inwardly perpendicularly to the head tilt setting device 19 is provided. FIG. 3 shows a plan view of the head tilt setting device 19 and the horizontal plate 20. As shown in FIG. 3, the horizontal plate 20 has a wide portion at a portion away from the ear rod 18. The horizontal plate 20 is preferably colored in order to facilitate visual recognition when checking the horizontal plane, and specifically, for example, black. The material, thickness, horizontal width, etc. of the horizontal plate 20 are preferably selected so as to appear in an X-ray transmission image. The material of the horizontal plate 20 is, for example, a transparent plastic such as acrylic, an opaque plastic, or a metal. Although the thickness of the horizontal plate 20 is 0.2 mm or more and 2 mm or less, for example, it is not limited to this. The horizontal width of the horizontal plate 20 is, for example, 1 mm or more and 30 mm or more, but is not limited thereto.

Next, a method for performing facial photography and cephalometric radiography of a subject using this facial photography and X-ray imaging apparatus will be described.

(1) Method for taking a lateral face standard photograph A lateral face standard photograph can be taken in the same manner as in the first embodiment.

(2) Method for Shooting Front Face Standard Photo Front face standard photo can be taken in the same manner as in the first embodiment.

(3) Method for Shooting a Face Standard Photo from an Arbitrary Direction Between the Front and Sides of the Head 21 in a Horizontal Plane This face standard photo can be taken in the same manner as in the first embodiment.

(4) Method of taking a lateral cephalometric radiogram In FIG. 14, the

arms

12 and 13 are translated outward in the horizontal direction so that they are separated from each other by a sufficient distance and moved to a sufficiently high position. In this state, as shown in FIG. 15, the subject's head 21 is positioned between the

arms

12 and 13 so that the median sagittal plane is perpendicular to the center X-ray from the X-ray tube 11a. Position. The subject may be sitting on a chair or standing. Next, the

arms

12 and 13 are moved down so that the

ear rods

arms

12 and 13 are translated inward in the horizontal direction, and the

ear rods

17 and 18 come into contact with the polyion so that the irradiation direction of the central X-ray coincides with the central axis of the

ear rods

17 and 18. Next, the examiner searches for a predetermined reference point (second reference point) on the face of the head 21, such as an orbitale, an orbital margin immediately below the center of the pupil, and the center of the eyelid. For example, when the orbitale is used as the reference point, the examiner can search by touching the vicinity of the lower edge of the eye socket with the fingertip. Then, as shown in FIG. 5, a circular small colored sticker 22 is attached to the reference point thus searched. The seal 22 may basically have any color, for example, red, yellow, green, blue, white, black, or the like. If it is difficult to see the seal 22 affixed to this reference point from the side of the head 21, the seal 22 is also placed on the face at a position, for example, 5 to 20 mm away from the seal 22 in the horizontal direction. Paste. Next, as shown in FIG. 6, the examiner looks at the head tilt setting device 19 from the outside in the horizontal direction. At this time, the seal 22 can be seen through the head tilt setting device 19 made of a transparent plate. Then, the angle scale 19a of the head tilt setting device 19 is used to set a straight line connecting Polion (which coincides with the uppermost point of the ear rod 18) and the orbitale to a desired angle. FIG. 6 shows, as an example, a case where a plane connecting Polion and Orbitale, that is, the Frankfurt plane is set horizontally. In this way, when the Frankfurt plane is set to be horizontal, the horizontal plate 20 whose angle scale 19a is 0 ° is observed from the outside. At this time, when the horizontal plate 20 looks linear, it means that the horizontal plate 20 is observed from the horizontal direction. Therefore, the head 21 is inclined in the front-rear direction so that the straight line connecting the pillion and the orbitale coincides with the horizontal plate 20. Set. Thus, the Frankfurt plane of the head 21 is set to be parallel to the horizontal plane (floor surface).

As described above, a lateral head X-ray standard photograph is taken by performing X-ray photography in a state where the inclination of the head 21 is set to a desired inclination.

As an example of taking a lateral X-ray standard photograph at a position where the Frankfurt plane of the head 21 is inclined at a positive or negative angle with respect to the horizontal plane, the Frankfurt plane of the head 21 is inclined 10 ° upward with respect to the horizontal plane. FIG. 7 shows a case where a lateral head X-ray standard photograph is taken in the state (high face). As shown in FIG. 7, in this case, the angle scale 19a of the head tilt setting device 19 is used to adjust the tilt of the head 21 in the front-rear direction so that the straight line connecting Polion and Orbitale is at an angle of + 10 °. Set.

(5) Method of Taking Back Frontal Head X-ray Standard Photograph As shown in FIG. 16, the

arms

12 and 13 are rotated 90 ° around the reference line 16 from the position shown in FIG. Then, as shown in FIG. 17,

ear rods

17 and 18 are inserted into the left and right outer ear holes of the head 21 of the subject, as in the case of taking a lateral cephalometric radiograph, The head 21 is fixed by making the uppermost point of 18 contact the polyion. In this case, the face of the head 21 faces the X-ray detection unit 24. Further, the irradiation direction of the central X-ray is orthogonal to the central axes of the

ear rods

17 and 18. It is assumed that the seal 22 is still attached to a predetermined reference point on the face of the head 21, specifically, for example, an orbitale. Next, the examiner looks at the head tilt setting device 19 in the horizontal direction from the outside. At this time, the seal 22 can be seen through the head tilt setting device 19. Then, in the same way as when taking a lateral cephalometric radiogram, the angle scale 19a of the head tilt setting device 19 is used to shoot a lateral cephalometric radiograph of a straight line connecting Polion and Orbitale. Set to the same angle as you did. Then, by performing X-ray photography at this position, a back-front cephalometric X-ray photograph is taken in a state where the tilt of the head 21 in the front-rear direction is the same as that at the time of lateral cephalometric radiography Can do. For example, both the lateral head X-ray standard photograph and the rear frontal head X-ray standard photograph can be taken at a position where the Frankfurt plane of the head 21 is parallel to the horizontal plane (floor surface).

(6) Method of Taking Front and Back Head X-ray Standard Photographs The method of taking the front and rear head X-ray standard pictures is to position the head 21 so that the face of the head 21 faces the X-ray generation unit 11. Except this, it is the same as the method of taking a back front cephalometric radiogram.

(7) Method of taking a cephalometric radiograph from any direction between the front-rear direction and the front-rear direction The

arms

12, 13 are moved around the reference line 16 from the position shown in FIG. 14 at an angle β (0 ° < Rotate by β <360 °). FIG. 18 shows a face standard photograph, an X-ray imaging apparatus, and a plan view of the head in this state. Then, as in the case of taking a lateral cephalometric radiogram,

ear rods

17 and 18 are inserted into the left and right outer ear holes of the subject's head 21, and the uppermost point of the

ear rods

17 and 18 is a polyon. The head 21 is fixed by making contact. In this case, the irradiation direction of the central X-ray is inclined by an angle β with respect to the central axis of the

ear rods

17 and 18. It is assumed that the seal 22 is still attached to a predetermined reference point on the face of the head 21, specifically, for example, an orbitale. Next, the examiner looks at the head tilt setting device 19 in the horizontal direction from the outside. At this time, the seal 22 can be seen through the head tilt setting device 19. Then, in the same way as when taking a lateral cephalometric radiogram, the angle scale 19a of the head tilt setting device 19 is used to shoot a lateral cephalometric radiograph of a straight line connecting Polion and Orbitale. Set to the same angle as you did. Then, by performing X-ray photography at this position, a head X-ray picture can be taken in the state in which the tilt of the head 21 in the front-rear direction is the same as that at the time of lateral head X-ray standard photography. For example, the head X-ray photograph is taken at a position where the Frankfurt plane of the head 21 is parallel to the horizontal plane (floor surface) in the same manner as the lateral head X-ray standard photograph and the rear frontal head X-ray standard photograph. You can shoot.

According to the face photography and X-ray photography apparatus according to the second embodiment, the following various advantages can be obtained. That is, when performing face photography, various advantages similar to those of the first embodiment can be obtained. In addition, when performing X-ray imaging, the head-head tilt setting device 19 can be used to set the tilt in the front-rear direction of the head 21 at the time of imaging to a desired tilt. A photograph, a posterior front cephalometric X-ray photograph, a anteroposterior cephalometric X-ray photograph, a cephalometric radiograph in an arbitrary direction between the posterior front direction and the anteroposterior direction, etc. It is possible to shoot easily and with high reproducibility with the same tilt in the front-rear direction. For this reason, for example, when taking a lateral cephalometric X-ray photograph or a back-front cephalometric X-ray standard photograph at a certain time, for example, when taking a picture one year after taking a picture at a certain time, It is possible to take an image with the same inclination of the part 21 in the front-rear direction. As described above, since the front-and-rear direction of the head 21 can be always taken with the same inclination, it is possible to easily superimpose the lateral head X-ray standard photograph or the front-rear head X-ray standard photograph. it can. As a result, it is possible to accurately check the secular change of the maxilla and mandible of the head 21, and to accurately check the growth and development of the maxilla and mandible. In addition, in the second embodiment, since the orbital lower point support bar is not used, there is no danger in using the lower orbital point support bar.

[Example 2]
A position where the Frankfurt plane of the head 21 is parallel to the floor surface by using the head tilt setting device 19 for the lateral head X-ray standard photograph and the rear frontal head X-ray standard photograph of the subjects 2 and 3. Taken with Photographing was performed at a central occlusal position or a position corresponding thereto. 19 and 21 show lateral cephalometric radiographs of subjects 2 and 3, respectively. Here, the white line in the horizontal direction seen in FIGS. 19 and 21 is an image of the horizontal plate 20 attached to the lower end of the head tilt setting device 19 and indicates the Frankfurt plane. FIGS. 20 and 22 show posterior frontal cephalometric radiographs of subjects 2 and 3, respectively.

19 to 22, both subjects 2 and 3 were able to take a lateral head X-ray standard photograph and a longitudinal head X-ray standard photograph at a position where the Frankfurt plane of the head was parallel to the floor surface. I understand that.

Although the embodiments and examples of the present invention have been specifically described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments and examples, and various modifications based on the technical idea of the present invention. Is possible.

For example, the numerical values, shapes, materials, configurations, procedures, and the like given in the above-described embodiments and examples are merely examples, and different numerical values, shapes, materials, configurations, procedures, etc. are used as necessary. Also good.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11

Camera

12, 13 Arm 14 Arm control apparatus 16

Reference line

17, 18 Ear rod 19 Head inclination setting apparatus 20 Horizontal plate 21 Head 22 Seal 23 X-ray generation part 23a X-ray tube 24 X-ray detection part

Claims

A pair of arms provided opposite to each other;
Ear rods respectively provided on inner surfaces facing each other of the pair of arms,
A head tilt setting device for setting a tilt in the front-rear direction of the head of a subject provided on at least one of the pair of arms, the central axis of the ear rod being integrated with the arm Having a transparent plate provided perpendicular to the center axis of the ear rod on the outer surface of the arm,
A horizontal plane confirmation mechanism;
And a camera
A facial photography apparatus for taking a facial photograph of a subject using the camera.
2. The face photography apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the transparent plate includes the horizontal plane confirmation mechanism.
The horizontal plane confirmation mechanism includes: a horizontal plate provided on the transparent plate so as to protrude inward perpendicularly to the transparent plate; a pair of colored horizontal lines provided on opposite sides of the both sides of the transparent plate; 3. A facial photography apparatus according to claim 2, comprising an optical device attached to a transparent plate and capable of scanning a visible light beam in a horizontal plane.
2. The face photography apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the horizontal plane confirmation mechanism is provided outside the transparent plate.
5. The face photography apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the horizontal plane confirmation mechanism comprises a horizontal plate perpendicular to the transparent plate or an optical device capable of scanning a visible light beam in a horizontal plane.
When the head tilt setting device is viewed from the side, a straight line connecting a first reference point on the arm or the ear rod and a second reference point on the face of the subject is present. The face photography apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the inclination of the head is set to be a horizontal line or a straight line inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the horizontal line.
The face photography apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the head inclination setting device has a function of a protractor that measures an inclination angle with respect to a horizontal line with the first reference point as a center.
The face photographing apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the first reference point is an uppermost point of the ear rod.
The face photography apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the second reference point is the lowest point of the orbital bone margin of the subject, the orbital margin immediately below the center of the pupil, or the center of the eyelid fracture.
When taking a photo of a face of a subject using a camera, ear rods provided on opposite inner surfaces of a pair of arms provided opposite to each other are attached to the outer ear holes of both ears of the subject. When the head is viewed from the side, the first reference point on the arm or the ear rod and the second face of the subject's face A head inclination setting device provided on at least one of the pair of arms for setting a straight line connecting the reference point to a horizontal line or a straight line inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the horizontal line. A horizontal plane integrally provided with the arm and perpendicular to the central axis of the ear rod or having a transparent plate provided on the outer surface of the arm and perpendicular to the central axis of the ear rod Confirmation It is measured by using the structure, the head inclination measurement method for carrying out the facial photography.
A pair of arms provided opposite to each other;
Ear rods respectively provided on inner surfaces facing each other of the pair of arms,
A head tilt setting device for setting a tilt in the front-rear direction of the head of a subject provided on at least one of the pair of arms, the central axis of the ear rod being integrated with the arm Having a transparent plate provided perpendicular to the center axis of the ear rod on the outer surface of the arm,
A horizontal plane confirmation mechanism;
And a camera
A facial photography and X-ray imaging apparatus capable of performing both facial photography of a subject and X-ray imaging of a subject's head using the camera.