WO2014094621A1 - 一种先导化合物的合成及筛选方法与试剂盒 - Google Patents

一种先导化合物的合成及筛选方法与试剂盒 Download PDF

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WO2014094621A1
WO2014094621A1 PCT/CN2013/089875 CN2013089875W WO2014094621A1 WO 2014094621 A1 WO2014094621 A1 WO 2014094621A1 CN 2013089875 W CN2013089875 W CN 2013089875W WO 2014094621 A1 WO2014094621 A1 WO 2014094621A1
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sequence
building block
stranded dna
activated ester
synthetic
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French (fr)
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李进
窦登峰
陈仰
王星
江洋
陈湜
瞿庆喜
万金桥
钟丽娜
葛啸虎
黄奇
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成都先导药物开发有限公司
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12NMICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N15/00Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
    • C12N15/09Recombinant DNA-technology
    • C12N15/10Processes for the isolation, preparation or purification of DNA or RNA
    • C12N15/1034Isolating an individual clone by screening libraries
    • C12N15/1068Template (nucleic acid) mediated chemical library synthesis, e.g. chemical and enzymatical DNA-templated organic molecule synthesis, libraries prepared by non ribosomal polypeptide synthesis [NRPS], DNA/RNA-polymerase mediated polypeptide synthesis
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12NMICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N15/00Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
    • C12N15/09Recombinant DNA-technology
    • C12N15/10Processes for the isolation, preparation or purification of DNA or RNA
    • C12N15/1034Isolating an individual clone by screening libraries
    • C12N15/1093General methods of preparing gene libraries, not provided for in other subgroups
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C40COMBINATORIAL TECHNOLOGY
    • C40BCOMBINATORIAL CHEMISTRY; LIBRARIES, e.g. CHEMICAL LIBRARIES
    • C40B50/00Methods of creating libraries, e.g. combinatorial synthesis
    • C40B50/08Liquid phase synthesis, i.e. wherein all library building blocks are in liquid phase or in solution during library creation; Particular methods of cleavage from the liquid support
    • C40B50/10Liquid phase synthesis, i.e. wherein all library building blocks are in liquid phase or in solution during library creation; Particular methods of cleavage from the liquid support involving encoding steps
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C40COMBINATORIAL TECHNOLOGY
    • C40BCOMBINATORIAL CHEMISTRY; LIBRARIES, e.g. CHEMICAL LIBRARIES
    • C40B20/00Methods specially adapted for identifying library members
    • C40B20/04Identifying library members by means of a tag, label, or other readable or detectable entity associated with the library members, e.g. decoding processes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of chemistry, in particular to a method and a kit for synthesizing and screening a lead compound.
  • Combinatorial chemical synthesis is a technique for synthesizing chemical libraries in which different series of synthetic blocks, the reaction components, are arranged in an orderly fashion to form a large series of diverse molecular entities.
  • Combinatorial chemistry is often referred to as a digital game, which is how to arrange a large number of synthetic blocks.
  • the goal of combinatorial chemistry research is how to effectively obtain all the products of this reaction, N.
  • combinatorial chemistry has made breakthroughs in the synthesis methods.
  • Several commonly used synthetic methods include solid phase organic synthesis and liquid phase organic synthesis, solid phase organic synthesis including mixing.
  • Splitting and parallel synthesis, liquid phase organic synthesis includes multicomponent liquid phase synthesis and functional group transformation.
  • High-throughput screening (HTS) technology is based on experimental methods at the molecular and cellular levels, using microplates as an experimental tool carrier, and performing automated testing procedures to perform sensitive and rapid testing instruments. The experimental result data is collected, and the experimental data is analyzed and processed by the computer. The thousands of samples are detected at the same time, and the technical system of the whole system is supported by the corresponding database. High-throughput screening methods greatly increase the speed and efficiency of screening for small molecule compounds, and compounds that act on target molecules can be screened from combinatorial chemical libraries. However, after screening a compound from a chemical library using a conventional high-throughput screening method, it is very difficult to purify and determine the structure of the target compound, which takes a long time and is costly, and is more difficult to expand with the compound library.
  • the title of the invention discloses a method of synthesizing a compound in a compound at each stage of the synthesis (for example On the granules, the labeling is specifically performed to define the specific matters (usually referred to as the added chemical reagents) accompanying the synthesis of the compound on the carrier.
  • the labeling is accomplished using an identifier molecule that records the sequential events experienced by the carrier particles during synthesis, thereby providing a reaction history for the production of the compound on the carrier.
  • this application does not provide a technical solution to implement the method.
  • the synthesis unit is labeled, for example: Publication No.: EP 0643778, the name of the invention: "Quantified combinatorial chemical l ibrari es" discloses a method for labeling an amino acid or a polypeptide with a single-stranded oligonucleotide; Publication No.: US 7935658, name of the invention
  • the method of "method for synths is of encoded l ibrari es" discloses a method for labeling a synthetic building block with a double-stranded DNA fragment to form a compound library; Application No.: W0/2010/094036, Title: “MethodS OF CREATING
  • the patent application of AND SCREENING DNA-ENCODED LIBRARIES discloses a method of labeling a compound with an oligonucleotide to form a library of compounds, the oligonucleotide of which is a double-stranded DNA of a hairpin structure.
  • the double-stranded DNA is easily cross-linked during the ligation extension to form a coiled tertiary structure.
  • sequencing it needs to be melted, and the operation is complicated, and the double-stranded DNA is labeled.
  • the linear combination reaction is more than three steps, the sequencing result of the double-stranded DNA is greatly errored, which results in the method can only stay in two dimensions, so the number of compounds in the library can only be increased by increasing the number of synthetic blocks per reaction.
  • the obtained compound library has poor diversity, and it is difficult to synthesize the target compound.
  • the present invention provides a kit and method for synthesizing and screening a lead compound, and a novel combinatorial chemical library.
  • Synthetic Bui lding Block also known as synthon, is a small molecule compound that must be used in the development of new drugs (Western medicines, pesticides) with various physical and chemical properties and specific biochemical properties.
  • a lead compound is referred to as a lead, and is a compound having a certain biological activity and chemical structure obtained by various routes and means for further structural modification and modification, and is a starting point of modern new drug research.
  • Reaction process It is the process that the reaction goes through.
  • Tandem linkage refers to the connection of several single-stranded DNA sequences at different ends, and there are no branches at the junction.
  • the method for synthesizing and screening a lead compound of the present invention comprises the following steps:
  • Preparing the initial synthetic building block selecting l ⁇ i synthetic building blocks to be fluorescently labeled, and then connecting one end of the starting end sequence to the synthetic building block, and the other end is connected in series with the specific marking sequence of the synthetic building block to obtain ⁇ i an initial synthetic building block labeled with single-stranded DNA free at one end;
  • the compound is synthesized by linear combination reaction.
  • each new synthetic building block is connected in series with the free end of the single-stranded DNA connected to the initial synthetic building block.
  • the DNA of the target compound obtained by the step (3) is sequenced to determine the structure of the target compound.
  • the starting sequence of step (1) comprises polyadenylation.
  • the polyadenylation is 12 to 20 adenosines.
  • the length of the label sequence in step (1) is not less than 6 bp.
  • the marker sequence is 9 bp in length.
  • the pH is 8 to 12 during the synthesis, and the temperature is (T3 (rC).
  • step (1) wherein the 3' end of the tag sequence is linked to a ribonucleotide.
  • the ribonucleotide is cytidine.
  • step (2) the fluorescent label in step a is: taking the initial synthetic building block and the fluorescent molecule, and connecting.
  • the fluorescent molecule is 7-aminocoumarin-3-carbonated activated ester, 7-diethylaminocoumarin-3-carbonated activated ester, 7-aminocoumarin-3-carbonated activated ester, 7-methoxy Ketocoumarin-3-carbonated activated ester, 5/6-fluorescein carbonate activated ester, fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate
  • FITC fluorescein-5 maleimide
  • 5-iodoacetamide fluorescein rhodamine 6G-5/6-carbonated activated ester
  • sulforhodamine B sulfonyl chloride X-rhodamine-6 - carbonate activated ester
  • sulforhodamine 101 sulfonyl chloride tetraethylaminorhodamine-5/6-carbonated activated ester
  • tetramethylaminorhodamine-6-maleimide Texas Red C2 maleimide, Tetramethylaminorhodamine-5/6-isothiocyanate, tetramethylaminorhodamine-5/6-maleimide, dansyl chloride, ED S C2 maleimide, iodoacetamide EDANS , NBD-X activated ester, ThioGlo_l or CHROMIS L5H N azide.
  • step (2) the method of connecting the start sequence to the initial synthesis block in step a is:
  • step (2) of the joining start sequence and the tag sequence, the tag sequence or the tag sequence and the terminal sequence are: using a polynucleoside kinase to make the 5 '-end of the single-stranded DNA acidified, using RNA ligase Connect, you can.
  • the polynucleoside kinase is a T4 polynucleoside kinase
  • the RNA ligase is a T4 RNA ligase.
  • the screening method in the step (3) is a screening method based on a receptor-ligand specific reaction.
  • a kit for synthesizing and screening a lead compound of the present invention which comprises the following components:
  • the start sequence comprises polyadenylation.
  • the polyadenylation is 12 to 20 adenosines.
  • the length of the marker sequence of the component 1) is not less than 6 bp.
  • the marker sequence is 9 bp in length.
  • step (1) wherein the 3' end of the tag sequence is linked to a ribonucleotide.
  • the ribonucleotide is cytidine.
  • the fluorescent labeling reagent comprises a fluorescent molecule.
  • the fluorescent molecule is 7-aminocoumarin-3-carbonated activated ester, 7-diethylaminocoumarin-3-carbonated activated ester, 7-aminocoumarin-3-carbonated activated ester, 7-methoxy Ketocoumarin-3-carbonated activated ester, 5/6-fluorescein carbonate activated ester, fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate
  • FITC fluorescein-5 maleimide
  • 5-iodoacetamide fluorescein rhodamine 6G-5/6-carbonated activated ester
  • sulforhodamine B sulfonyl chloride X-rhodamine-6 - carbonate activated ester
  • sulforhodamine 101 sulfonyl chloride tetraethylaminorhodamine-5/6-carbonated activated ester
  • tetramethylaminorhodamine-6-maleimide Texas Red C2 maleimide, Tetramethylaminorhodamine-5/6-isothiocyanate, tetramethylaminorodan Ming-5/6-maleimide, dansyl chloride, ED S C2 maleimide, iodoacetamide EDANS, NBD-X activated ester, ThioGlo-1 or CHROMIS L5H N azide.
  • the reagent for linking the start end sequence to the synthetic block comprises a reagent for aminating the single-stranded DNA and a reagent for the initial synthesis of the carboxyl group, the thiol group or the alkynyl group.
  • the single-stranded DNA fragment-ligating agent comprises a polynucleoside kinase and an RNA ligase.
  • the polynucleoside kinase is a T4 polynucleoside kinase
  • the RNA ligase is a T4 RNA ligase linkage
  • the combinatorial chemical library of the present invention is a combinatorial chemical library synthesized by a combinatorial chemical method using a synthetic building block, wherein each compound is labeled with a single-stranded DNA sequence and a fluorescent molecule, and the structure of the single-stranded DNA sequence is The starting sequence - the i-marking sequence - the end sequence, the i-marking sequence-specific labeling i synthetic building blocks used in the chemical synthesis process, the order of which is the same as the order of addition of the synthetic blocks in the combined chemical synthesis process .
  • the length of the labeling sequence is not less than 6 bp.
  • the marker sequence is 9 bp in length.
  • the length of the marker sequence is 6, 4096 single-stranded DNA fragments with different sequences can be prepared.
  • the number of synthetic blocks encoded by DNA fragments for preparing combinatorial chemical libraries can meet the needs of most compounds for synthesis and screening.
  • the marker sequence is or 9
  • a single-stranded DNA fragment of 262144 different sequences can be prepared, which encodes 262144 synthetic blocks for preparing a combinatorial chemical library, and the DNA fragment is encoded for preparing a combinatorial chemical library.
  • millions of synthetic blocks it can fully meet the needs of compound synthesis and screening. If the marker sequence is longer, the larger the number of synthetic blocks that can be encoded, the larger the combined chemical library prepared, but correspondingly, the higher the cost, considering the storage capacity and cost, and the length of the marker sequence is 9 is optimal.
  • the single-stranded DNA is used to mark the synthetic building block, and the single-stranded DNA does not complement each other to form a double-strand, which is stable in structure and difficult to cross-link, does not need to be melted during sequencing, and has simple operation. Fast and accurate results. Therefore, the method of the invention can comprise a multi-step linear combination reaction, and the synthesized compound library has good diversity, large storage capacity, easy synthesis of the target compound, determination of the synthetic block, reaction history and chemical structure, thereby rapidly synthesizing a large number of target compounds.
  • the fluorescent molecules are labeled on the initial synthetic building block, and the fluorescent synthesis is carried out after being connected with the starting sequence.
  • the silver-stained strip at the beginning of the sequence is used as a standard. By determining whether the two strips are in the same position, the initial synthetic building can be accurately determined. Whether the block is successfully linked to the start sequence; similarly, in the subsequent synthesis step, the compound labeled with the single-stranded DNA molecule is subjected to fluorescence imaging, and the same single-stranded DNA molecule silver-stained band is used as a standard to determine whether the two are the same. There is a band at the position to accurately determine whether a single-stranded DNA molecule is attached to the compound. Therefore, it is possible to determine whether a compound or its intermediate is labeled with a DNA molecule by fluorescent labeling, monitor the progress of the reaction, and avoid waste of resources.
  • the method of the invention is an accurate, efficient, simple and cost-effective method for synthesizing and screening lead compound libraries, and has a good application prospect.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the process of synthesizing a compound by a combinatorial chemistry method, wherein "H” represents a synthetic building block; “initial” indicates an initial sequence; “B” indicates a labeled sequence, and its specific marker is a synthetic building block, the numbers representing the two Corresponding relationship, for example, B1 specific marker HI; “End” indicates the end sequence; the left column indicates the reaction step, which is consistent with the reaction step of Example 1; the final product obtained, the synthetic block from right to left only indicates the addition of the synthetic block
  • the sequence, the initial sequence, the marker sequence and the terminal sequence represent the structure of the finally obtained single-stranded DNA sequence from left to right;
  • Figure 2 shows the results of fluorescence imaging of the chemical library of the present invention.
  • the graph is the result of conventional silver staining, the right panel shows the results of fluorescence imaging, lane 1 : DNA Marker; Lane 2: the reaction with EDCI as the activator.
  • Figure 3 is an electropherogram of the chemical library of the present invention and the selected trypsin inhibitor
  • Figure 4 is a histogram of the sequencing results.
  • the column corresponds to the compound one by one, and its height is related to the binding force of the compound to the target;
  • Cytosine can be linked to the following marker sequences to increase the efficiency of subsequent single-strand DNA fragments.
  • Table 1 Single-stranded DNA fragment
  • Preparation of the initial synthetic building block Selecting the broad-type synthetic building block by fluorescent labeling, connecting one end of the starting end sequence to the synthetic building block, and the other end is connected in series with the specific marking sequence of the synthetic building block to obtain a wide variety
  • An initial synthetic building labeled with single-stranded DNA that is free at one end, eg, i 2:
  • fluorescent labeling fluorescent molecule is 7-aminocoumarin-3-carbonate activated ester, 7-diethylaminocoumarin-3-carbonate activated ester, 7-aminocoumarin -3-carbonated activated ester, 7-methoxycoumarin-3-carbonated activated ester, 5/6-fluorescein carbonate activated ester, fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate (FITC), fluorescein-5 Maleimide, 5-iodoacetamidofluorescein, rhodamine 6G-5/6-carbonated activated ester, sulforhodamine B sulfonyl chloride, X-rhodamine-6-carbonated activated ester, sulforhodamine Ming 101 sulfonyl chloride, tetraethylaminorhodamine-5/6-carbonated activated ester, tetramethylaminorhodamine-6-male
  • Polynucleoside kinase is used to phosphorylate the 5'-end of single-stranded DNA; RNA ligase is ligated;
  • the compound is synthesized by linear combination reaction.
  • each new synthetic building block is connected in series with the free end of the single-stranded DNA connected to the initial synthetic building block.
  • the single-stranded DNA is gradually extended by ligating the specific tag sequence added to the synthetic building block, and after the synthesis is completed, the terminal sequence is ligated in tandem at the free end of the single-stranded DNA to obtain a single-stranded DNA-labeled compound library: for example, three Step linear combination reaction.
  • Synthesis (in addition to the following synthesis methods, other chemical synthesis methods can also be used): Take the synthetic blocks 5 ⁇ 6, place them in 2 micro-reaction vessels, and mix them with the mixture prepared in step b, according to the mixed splitting method. Parallel synthesis, multi-component liquid phase synthesis or
  • a chromatographic separation screening method based on receptor-ligand specific reaction, which screens a library of DNA-labeled compounds with biological target molecules.
  • the chromatogram is eluted, and the DNA-labeled compound not bound to the biological target molecule is removed, and the DNA-labeled compound bound to the biological target molecule is isolated.
  • the DNA-labeled compound obtained by the step (3) is screened, and the DNA on the DNA-labeled compound is sequenced, and the synthetic building block and the reaction course of the compound can be determined based on the DNA sequence.
  • T4 PNK 500U NEB-M0201V
  • T4 RNA ligase 1 NEB-M0204S
  • Cartridges PCR purification kit (cat. no 28104, Nucleotides removal Kit cat. no 28306) purchased from Qiagen (Hi 1 den, Germany) .
  • dNTPs (0. 5 mM, NEB, cat. no89009).
  • the single-stranded DNA fragment shown in Table 1 was synthesized by Genscript and Biosune.
  • Cytosine can be linked to the following marker sequences to increase the efficiency of subsequent single-strand DNA fragments.
  • Table 2 Single-stranded DM fragment
  • Preparation of the initial synthetic block Select a synthetic block to be fluorescently labeled, one end of the starting sequence is connected to the synthetic block, and the other end is connected in series with the specific marking sequence of the synthetic block to obtain a mark An initial synthesis block of single-stranded DNA that is free at one end;
  • the starting sequence, amination, and the synthetic building block 1 are labeled with FITC, carboxylated; the activated synthetic building block 1 is reacted with the activated starting sequence to obtain the initial synthetic building block of the starting sequence.
  • Fluorescent labeling The synthetic building block 1 (3.0 mg, 0. 023 mmol) was dissolved in 1.0 mL of dimethyl sulfoxide, and fluorescein isothiocyanate FITC (7.5 mg, 0) was added dropwise at room temperature. 019 mmol ) of 1.0 mL dimethyl sulfoxide solution. After the reaction mixture was reacted overnight at room temperature, it was purified by high performance liquid chromatography.
  • the total volume of the reaction mixture is 150 ⁇ l, and the solvent is water and dimethyl sulfoxide in a volume ratio of 3:7, which contains a triethylamine hydrochloride buffer system (pH 10.0, 80 mM), wherein the building block 1
  • the activation reagent 1_ethyl_3_(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDCI) has a concentration of 4 mM, and the concentration of 2-sulfonic acid hydroxysuccinimide is 10 mM, the starting sequence concentration was 20 M, and the reaction was carried out for 1 hour at room temperature.
  • Polynucleoside kinase is used to make the 5'-end of the single-stranded DNA acidified; RNA ligase is ligated.
  • the reaction mixture of step 1 and the labeled sequence of 1, 15 ul comprises a 225 pmol start sequence, 25 pmol of the tag sequence 1, 50 units of T4 RNA ligase, and a ligation reaction buffer; the mixture is incubated at 25 ° C. 5h, followed by heating at 70 ° C for 20 min, T4RNA ligase denaturation; addition of T4 polynucleotide kinase and InmATP, reaction for 10 cycles, followed by incubation at 75 ° C for 20 min to denature additional polynucleoside kinase;
  • the product was used in an equal volume of 2 X loading buffer containing 40 mM Tris-HCL (pH 7.6), 1 M NaCL and 1 mM EDTA;
  • the resulting mixture was purified by the following procedure: Qiagen Cartridge column on the reaction solution; suspended in IX loading buffer; lOOOrmp was centrifuged for 1 min, filtered with silica glass wool; IX loading buffer, 0.5 M NaCL solution and 80% ethanol were sequentially used. Rinse; elute with 20 ul of PE eluent; vacuum dry.
  • Detection Fluorescence images and silver-stained images were aligned using conventional silver-stained electrophoresis and fluorescence imaging. The corresponding bands were found on the silver-stained images by molecular weight comparison between DNA Marker and pre-reaction DNA. If a band appears at the corresponding position on the fluorescent image, the covalent linkage of the small molecule-DNA is successful, and the intensity of the fluorescence response indicates whether the reaction proceeds.
  • the test results are shown in Figure 2, in the fluorescence A band appears at the corresponding position on the light image, and the covalent attachment of the small molecule-DNA is successful.
  • the experimental results show that the initial synthesis block can be fluorescently labeled to monitor whether the compound and its intermediates are labeled with DNA molecules to avoid waste of resources.
  • the compound is synthesized by a three-step linear combination reaction. During the synthesis process, each new synthetic building block is separated from the single-stranded DNA linked to the initial synthetic building block. The single-stranded DNA is gradually extended in tandem with the specific tag sequence added to the synthetic building block, and after the synthesis is completed, the terminal sequence is ligated in tandem at the free end of the single-stranded DNA to obtain a single-stranded DNA-labeled compound library;
  • the first batch of synthetic blocks namely the initial block (1): synthetic block 1;
  • the second batch of synthetic blocks (5) synthetic blocks 2 ⁇ 6;
  • the third batch of synthetic blocks (49) synthetic blocks 55;
  • the synthetic blocks 2 ⁇ 6 are placed in 5 micro-reaction vessels and mixed with the initial synthetic block prepared in step a, according to mixed splitting method, parallel synthesis method, multi-component liquid phase synthesis method or functional group transformation. Method synthesis.
  • the reaction condition is 150 ⁇ l of the reaction mixture, and the solvent is water and dimethyl sulfoxide in a volume ratio of 3:7, which contains a triethylamine hydrochloride buffer system (pH 9.0, 80 mM), and is synthesized.
  • the concentration of block 1 was 30 mM, the activation reagent 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDCI) 4 mM, 2-sulfonic acid hydroxysuccinimide 10 mM, The concentration of the building block 2 was 1.5 M, and the reaction was carried out at room temperature for 15 hours.
  • EDCI 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride
  • 2-sulfonic acid hydroxysuccinimide 10 mM The concentration of the building block 2 was 1.5 M, and the reaction was carried out at room temperature for 15 hours.
  • the reaction condition is 150 ⁇ l of the reaction mixture, and the solvent is water and dimethyl sulfoxide in a volume ratio of 3:7, which contains a triethylamine hydrochloride buffer system (pH 9.0, 80 mM), and is synthesized.
  • the concentration of block 1 was 30 mM, the activation reagent 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDCI) 4 mM, 2-sulfonic acid hydroxysuccinimide 10 mM, The concentration of the building block 2 was 1.5 M, and the reaction was carried out at room temperature for 15 hours.
  • EDCI 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride
  • 2-sulfonic acid hydroxysuccinimide 10 mM The concentration of the building block 2 was 1.5 M, and the reaction was carried out at room temperature for 15 hours.
  • a chromatographic separation screening method based on receptor-ligand specific reaction, which screens a library of DNA-labeled compounds with biological target molecules.
  • Washing Solution 1 0.1 M acetic acid, 0.5 M NaCl, pH 4.0;
  • Washing Solution 2 0.1 M Tris-HCl, 0.5 M NaCl, pH 8.0.
  • Step (2) The library of the obtained single-stranded DNA-labeled compound was mixed with PBS buffer at a ratio of 1:15 by volume (17 uL: 255 uL);
  • pancreatic bovine trypsin/CNBr resin slurry (2.5, 0.5, 0.1, 0.02, 0.004 and Omg/mL);
  • Step 3) The obtained salmon sperm DNA solution is incubated with the pancreatic bovine trypsin/CNBr resin slurry obtained in the step 2) at 25 ° C for 1 hour;
  • test results are shown in Fig. 3.
  • a target band was obtained by screening with different concentrations of pancreatic bovine trypsin/CNBr resin slurry, and the negative control was a blank band, indicating that the purified trypsin ligand sample was screened by the present invention.
  • the DNA-labeled compound obtained by the step (3) is screened, and the DNA on the DNA-labeled compound is sequenced, and the synthetic building block and the reaction course of the compound can be determined based on the DNA sequence:
  • the sample obtained by the step (3) is subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and the oligonucleotide code encoding the compound is subjected to PCR amplification (total volume 50 ⁇ l, 30 cycles, each cycle 94 ° C for 1 minute) , reaction at 55 ° C for 1 minute, 72 reaction for 40 seconds), with 5 ⁇ L of trypsin 245 library (concentration 100 fM) as template.
  • PCR polymerase chain reaction
  • the labeled dNTP of the Truseq SBS Kit v3-HS (200cycles), record the sequence and frequency of each base read from the sequencing link, and test the base of the nucleic acid sample;
  • the compound is synthesized and detected, and the compound is determined to be a trypsin inhibitor.
  • the inhibitory activity of the compound is shown in Figures 5-6, and the IC50 is 8.1 ⁇ 2.1 ⁇ , indicating that the compound obtained by screening is indeed trypsin. body.
  • the experimental results show that the present invention constructs a chemical library containing 245 compounds, and screens out a trypsin ligand, which has the activity of inhibiting trypsin, indicating that the method of the present invention can effectively synthesize and screen lead compounds, and the fluorescent label can be Have The entire synthetic process is monitored.
  • composition of the kit of the invention (synthesis amount of N synthetic blocks)
  • the kit of the present invention is used in accordance with the method provided in Example 1 of the present invention and can be used for rapid synthesis and screening of lead compounds.
  • the present invention uses a single-stranded DNA marker to synthesize a building block, and the single-stranded DNA does not complement each other during the ligation process, is not easily cross-linked, and has a stable structure, single-stranded DNA.
  • PCR amplification and sequencing are more convenient and faster than double-stranded DNA.
  • the single-stranded DNA sequence of the target compound can be determined conveniently, quickly and accurately, thereby determining the synthetic building block of the labeled target compound.
  • the reaction history and chemical structure greatly improve the screening efficiency; mark the fluorescent molecules on the initial synthetic building block, determine whether the compound and its intermediates are labeled with DNA molecules, monitor the reaction process, and avoid waste of resources.
  • the synthesis and screening method and kit of the lead compound of the invention are accurate, efficient, simple, and low in cost, and have good application prospects.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种先导化合物的合成及筛选的方法,它包括如下步骤:(1)取原料:取 i 种合成砌块与(i+2)种单链 DNA 片段;(2)用组合化学方法,合成得到单链 DNA 标记的化合物文库,其中,初始合成砌块用荧光分子标记;(3)筛选:对 DNA 标记的化合物的文库进行筛选;(4)测序:取步骤(3)筛选得到的 DNA 标记的化合物,对 DNA 标记的化合物上的 DNA 测序,根据 DNA 序列即可确定该化合物的合成砌块和反应历程。本发明还公开了一种先导化合物的合成及筛选试剂盒,以及一种组合化学文库。本发明方法与试剂盒可以快速有效地合成并筛选得到目的先导化合物,同时监控反应进程,操作简便,成本低廉。

Description

一种先导化合物的合成及筛选方法与试剂盒 技术领域
本发明涉及化学领域, 特别是涉及一种先导化合物的合成及筛选方法与试剂盒。
背景技术
自 80年代末期,随着分子生物学研究的突破一高通量筛选技术的发展,新药开发所需要的新分子 实体的数目越来越多, 科学家们把注意力从寻找天然产物转入合成大数目的化合物群——化学库, 化 学库是由诸多不同属性的有机化合物组成的。 组合化学合成法是一种合成化学库的技术, 运用这项技 术, 不同系列的合成砌块——反应成分有序地排列起来以组成大系列的多样化分子实体群。 组合化学 合成法经常被人们称为数字游戏, 也就是如何排列众多的合成砌块的问题。 从理论上讲, 组合合成的 总反应产物数 N是由两个因素决定的, 每一步的合成砌块数目 b和合成的步骤 x, 例如, 对于一个三 步的线性组合反应, 如果每步的反应物数目分别是 bl、 b2、 b3, 那么理论上的总反应产物的数目是 N=blb2b3。 组合化学研究的目标就是怎样有效地得到这一反应的所有产物 N。 近年来, 从固相合成到 快速液相平行合成, 组合化学在合成方法上取得了突破性的进展, 常用的几种合成方法有固相有机合 成和液相有机合成, 固相有机合成包括混合裂分法和平行合成法, 液相有机合成包括多组分液相合成 法和官能团转化法。
组合化学合成技术建立的化学库中, 产物成千上万, 甚至上亿, 像经典有机合成那样一个一个的 纯化分离鉴定已不再可能。 高通量筛选(Hi gh throughput screening, HTS)技术是指以分子水平 和细胞水平的实验方法为基础,以微板形式作为实验工具载体,以自动化操作系统执行试验过程, 以灵敏快速的检测仪器采集实验结果数据, 以计算机对实验数据进行分析处理, 同一时间对数以 千、 万计的样品检测, 并以相应的数据库支持整个体系运转的技术体系。 高通量筛选方法极大地 提高了小分子化合物筛选的速度和效率, 可以从组合化学文库中筛选作用于靶标分子的化合物。 但是, 用传统的高通量筛选方法将化合物从化学文库中筛选出来后, 纯化并确定目标化合物的结 构非常困难, 需要的时间长, 成本高, 随着化合物文库的扩大, 难度更大。
为了解决该问题, 申请号: 95193518. 6, 发明名称: "用标记编码的复杂组合化学文库 " 的专利申请公开了一种方法, 即在合成的每个阶段, 在化合物进行合成的载体 (例如颗粒) 上, 专一地进行标记, 以定义随同该载体上化合物合成时伴随的特定事项 (通常指所加化学试剂)。 所述标记使用鉴定剂分子来完成, 该分子记录合成期间载体颗粒所经历的按顺序的事项, 由此提 供在该载体上生产化合物的反应历程。 但是该申请并未提供实现该方法的技术方案。
现有技术中有报道使用寡核苷酸标记化合物的合成单元, 根据生物领域的常识, 在常规条件 下,双链 DNA较单链 DNA稳定,因此通常选择双链的寡核苷酸对化合物的合成单元进行标记,如: 公告号: EP 0643778 , 发明名称: " encoded combinatorial chemical l ibrari e s " 的专利 公开了用单链寡核苷酸标记氨基酸或多肽的方法;公告号: US 7935658 ,发明名称: " methods for synths i s of encoded l ibrari es " 的专利公开了一种用双链 DNA片段标记合成砌块, 形成化合 物文库的方法; 申请号: W0/2010/094036, 发明名称: " METHODS OF CREATING AND SCREENING DNA-ENCODED LIBRARIES " 的专利申请公开了用寡核苷酸标记化合物, 形成化合物文库的方法, 其寡核苷酸为发卡结构的双链 DNA。
但是, 用双链 DNA标记合成砌块或者化合物时, 在连接延伸过程中, 双链 DNA容易交联, 形 成卷曲的三级结构, 测序时, 需要解链, 操作较复杂, 用双链 DNA标记三步以上的线性组合反应 时, 双链 DNA的测序结果误差较大, 导致该方法只能停留在两维, 因而只能通过增加每一步反应 的合成砌块数目来增加文库中化合物数量, 制得的化合物文库多样性差, 不易合成得到目标化合 物。
需要寻找新的, 操作简便, 结果更准确的标记方法。
发明内容
为了解决上述问题, 本发明提供了一种先导化合物的合成及筛选的试剂盒和方法, 以及一种新的 组合化学文库。
名词解释:
合成砌块 (Synthetic Bui lding Block), 又叫合成子, 是指具备各种理化性质以及特定生物化学 性质的、 在新药 (西药、 农药) 研发过程中必须使用的小分子化合物。 先导化合物(lead compound)简称先导物, 是通过各种途径和手段得到的具有某种生物活性和化 学结构的化合物, 用于进一步的结构改造和修饰, 是现代新药研究的出发点。
反应历程: 就是反应所经历的过程。
串联连接: 是指若干段单链 DNA序列之间依次两端点相连, 且连接点上没有分枝。
本发明先导化合物的合成及筛选的方法, 它包括如下步骤:
( 1 ) 取原料: i种合成砌块与 (i+2 ) 种单链 DNA片段, (i+2 ) 种单链 DNA片段包括 i种标记序 列、 1种始端序列和 1种末端序列, i种标记序列分别特异标记 i种合成砌块, 其中, i=l, 2, 3…! 1 ;
(2 ) 用组合化学方法合成化合物:
a、制备初始合成砌块:选择 l~i种合成砌块用荧光标记,再将始端序列的一端连接在合成砌块上, 另一端与所述合成砌块的特异标记序列串联连接, 得到 l~i种标记有一端游离的单链 DNA的初始合成 砌块;
b、 以步骤 a得到的初始合成砌块为基础, 用线性组合反应的方式合成化合物, 合成过程中, 每加 入新的合成砌块, 就在与初始合成砌块相连的单链 DNA游离端串联连接所加入合成砌块的特异标记序 列, 使所述单链 DNA逐渐延长, 合成结束后, 在所述单链 DNA游离端串联连接末端序列, 即得到单链 DNA标记的化合物文库;
( 3 ) 筛选: 对 DNA标记的化合物的文库进行筛选, 选出目标化合物;
(4 ) 测序: 将步骤 (3 ) 筛选得到的目标化合物的 DNA进行测序, 确定目标化合物的结构。 其中, 步骤 (1 ) 所述始端序列包括多聚腺苷。 优选地, 所述多聚腺苷为 12~20个腺苷。
其中, 步骤 (1 ) 所述标记序列的长度不低于 6bp。 优选地, 所述标记序列的长度为 9个 bp。 其中, 所述步骤 (2 ) 合成过程中, pH为 8~12, 温度为 (T3(rC。
其中, 步骤 (1 ) 所述标记序列的 3 ' 端连接一个核糖核苷酸。 所述核糖核苷酸为胞苷。
步骤 (2 ) 中, a步骤所述荧光标记是: 取初始合成砌块与荧光分子, 连接, 即可。
所述荧光分子为 7-氨基香豆素 -3-碳酸活化酯、 7-二乙氨基香豆素 -3-碳酸活化酯、 7-氨基香豆素 -3-碳酸活化酯、 7-甲氧基香豆素 -3-碳酸活化酯、 5/6-荧光素碳酸活化酯、 荧光素 -5-异硫氰酸酯
(FITC)、 荧光素 -5马来酰亚胺、 5-碘乙酰胺基荧光素、 若丹明 6G-5/6-碳酸活化酯、 磺基罗丹明 B 磺酰氯、 X-罗丹明 -6-碳酸活化酯、 磺基罗丹明 101磺酰氯、 四乙氨基罗丹明 -5/6-碳酸活化酯、 四甲 氨基罗丹明 -6-马来酰亚胺、德州红 C2马来酰亚胺、 四甲氨基罗丹明 -5/6-异硫氰酸酯、 四甲氨基罗丹 明 -5/6-马来酰亚胺、丹磺酰氯、 ED S C2马来酰亚胺、碘乙酰胺基 EDANS、 NBD-X活化酯、 ThioGlo_l 或者 CHROMIS L5H N azide。
其中, 步骤 (2 ) 中, a步骤中始端序列与初始合成砌块连接的方法是:
将始端序列氨基化, 初始合成砌块羧基、 巯基或炔基化, 反应即得。
其中, 步骤(2 )所述连接始端序列与标记序列、 标记序列之间或者标记序列与末端序列的连接方 法是: 用多核苷激酶使得单链 DNA的 5 ' -端憐酸化, 用 RNA连接酶连接, 即可。 所述的多核苷激酶为 T4多核苷激酶, 所述 RNA连接酶为 T4 RNA连接酶。
其中, 所述步骤 (3 ) 中的筛选方法是基于受体-配体特异性反应的筛选方法。
本发明先导化合物的合成及筛选试剂盒, 它包括如下成分:
1 ) i种合成砌块与 (i+2 ) 种单链 DNA片段, 单链 DNA片段分为始端序列、 末端序列和 i种标记 序列, i种标记序列分别特异标记 i种合成砌块, 其中, i=l, 2, 3…! 1 ;
2 )荧光标记用试剂、始端序列与合成砌块连接用试剂、组合化学方法用试剂和单链 DNA片段连接 用试剂;
3 ) 化合物筛选用试剂;
4) DNA测序用试剂。
其中, 成分 1 ) 所述始端序列包括多聚腺苷。 优选地, 所述多聚腺苷为 12~20个腺苷。
其中, 成分 1 ) 所述标记序列的长度不低于 6bp。 优选地, 所述标记序列的长度为 9个 bp。 其中, 步骤 (1 ) 所述标记序列的 3 ' 端连接一个核糖核苷酸。 所述核糖核苷酸为胞苷。
其中, 成分 2 ) 所述荧光标记用试剂包括荧光分子。
所述荧光分子为 7-氨基香豆素 -3-碳酸活化酯、 7-二乙氨基香豆素 -3-碳酸活化酯、 7-氨基香豆素 -3-碳酸活化酯、 7-甲氧基香豆素 -3-碳酸活化酯、 5/6-荧光素碳酸活化酯、 荧光素 -5-异硫氰酸酯
(FITC)、 荧光素 -5马来酰亚胺、 5-碘乙酰胺基荧光素、 若丹明 6G-5/6-碳酸活化酯、 磺基罗丹明 B 磺酰氯、 X-罗丹明 -6-碳酸活化酯、 磺基罗丹明 101磺酰氯、 四乙氨基罗丹明 -5/6-碳酸活化酯、 四甲 氨基罗丹明 -6-马来酰亚胺、德州红 C2马来酰亚胺、 四甲氨基罗丹明 -5/6-异硫氰酸酯、 四甲氨基罗丹 明 -5/6-马来酰亚胺、丹磺酰氯、 ED S C2马来酰亚胺、碘乙酰胺基 EDANS、 NBD-X活化酯、 ThioGlo_l 或者 CHROMIS L5H N azide。
其中, 成分 2 ) 所述始端序列与合成砌块连接用试剂包含氨基化单链 DNA的试剂以及羧基、 巯基 或炔基化初始合成砌块的试剂。
其中, 成分 2 ) 所述单链 DNA片段连接用试剂包括多核苷激酶和 RNA连接酶。
优选地, 所述的多核苷激酶为 T4多核苷激酶, 所述 RNA连接酶为 T4RNA连接酶连接。
本发明组合化学文库, 它是以合成砌块为原料, 用组合化学方法合成的组合化学文库, 其中, 每 个化合物标记了一段单链 DNA序列和一个荧光分子, 该单链 DNA序列的结构为始端序列—— i种标记 序列——末端序列, 所述 i种标记序列特异标记 i种组合化学合成过程中使用的合成砌块, 其排列顺 序与组合化学合成过程中合成砌块的加入顺序相同。
其中, 所述标记序列的长度不低于 6bp。 优选地, 所述标记序列的长度为 9个 bp。
标记序列的长度为 6时, 可制备 4096个不同序列的单链 DNA片段, DNA片段编码的、 用于制备组 合化学文库的合成砌块数以千计, 能满足大多数化合物合成及筛选的需要; 标记序列为或 9时, 可制 备 262144个不同序列的单链 DNA片段,其编码的、用于制备组合化学文库的合成砌块达到 262144个, DNA片段编码的、 用于制备组合化学文库的合成砌块数以百万计, 完全可以满足化合物合成及筛选的 需要。 若标记序列越长, 其可以编码的合成砌块数量越大, 制备的组合化学文库越大, 但是相应的, 成本越高, 综合考虑库容和成本, 标记序列的长度为 9时最优。
在本发明条件下, 用单链 DNA标记合成砌块, 连接过程中, 单链 DNA之间不会互补而形成双链, 结构稳定, 也不易交联, 测序时不需要解链, 操作简单、 快速、 结果准确。 因此, 本发明方法可以包 含多步线性组合反应, 合成的化合物文库多样性好, 库容大, 容易合成得到目标化合物并确定其合成 砌块、 反应历程及化学结构, 从而迅速合成得到大量目标化合物。
在初始合成砌块上标记荧光分子, 与始端序列连接后进行荧光显像, 以始端序列银染条带作为标 准,通过确定二者是否在相同位置上有条带, 即能够准确判断初始合成砌块与始端序列是否连接成功; 同样地, 后续合成步骤中, 对标记单链 DNA分子的化合物进行荧光显像, 以相同的单链 DNA分子银染 条带作为标准, 通过确定二者是否在相同位置上有条带, 即可准确判断化合物上是否连接有单链 DNA 分子。 因此, 可以通过荧光标记确定化合物及其中间体是否标记了 DNA分子, 监测反应进程, 避免了 资源浪费。
本发明方法是一种准确高效、 操作简便、 成本低廉的先导化合物文库合成和筛选方法, 应用前景 良好。
以下通过实施例形式的具体实施方式, 对本发明的上述内容作进一步的详细说明。 但不应将此理 解为本发明上述主题的范围仅限于以下的实施例。 凡基于本发明上述内容所实现的技术均属于本发明 的范围。
附图说明
图 1 本发明用组合化学方法合成化合物的进程示意图, 其中, "H"表示合成砌块; "初"表示初 始序列; "B"表示标记序列, 其特异标记合成砌块, 数字代表二者的对应关系, 如, B1特异标记 HI ; "末"表示末端序列; 左栏表示反应步骤, 与实施例 1反应步骤一致; 得到的终产物, 合成砌块从右 至左仅表示合成砌块的加入顺序, 初始序列、 标记序列和末端序列从左至右表示最终得到的单链 DNA 序列的结构;
图 2 本发明化学文库荧光成像结果。作图为常规银染结果,右图为荧光成像结果,泳道 1 : DNA Marker; 泳道 2: 用 EDCI作为活化剂的反应。
图 3 本发明化学文库以及筛选得到的胰蛋白酶抑制剂的电泳图;
图 4 测序结果柱状图, 柱与化合物一一对应, 其高度与该化合物与靶标的结合力相关;
图 5 本发明胰蛋白酶抑制剂的 IC50图谱;
图 6 本发明胰蛋白酶抑制剂的 IC50图谱。 具体实施方式
以下通过实施例的形式来阐述具体实施方式, 并对本发明的上述内容作进一步的详细说明。 但不 应将此理解为本发明上述主题的范围仅限于以下的实施例。 凡基于本发明上述内容所实现的技术均属 于本发明的范围。
实施例 1 本发明先导化合物的合成及筛选方法
1、 制备方法 ( 1 )取合成砌块和单链 DNA片段:
i种合成砌块与(i+2)种单链 DNA片段, (i+2)种单链 DNA片段包括 i种标记序列、 一种始端序 列和一种末端序列, i种标记序列分别特异标记 i种合成砌块, 其中, i=l, 2, 3〜n;
下述标记序列上均可以连接胞苷, 提高后续单链 DNA片段的连接效率。 表 1 单链 DNA片段
Figure imgf000006_0001
替换页 (细则第 26条)
Figure imgf000007_0001
(2)合成: 如图 1所示, 用组合化学方法合成化合物文库:
a、 制备初始合成砌块: 选择广 i种合成砌块用荧光标记, 将始端序列的一端连接在合成砌块上, 另一端与所述合成砌块的特异标记序列串联连接, 得到广 i种标记有一端游离的单链 DNA的初始合成 砌块, 如, i=2:
①初始合成砌块与始端序列连接:
取始端序列, 氨基化;
取合成砌块 1和 2, 分别用荧光标记(荧光分子为 7-氨基香豆素 -3-碳酸活化酯、 7-二乙氨基香豆 素 -3-碳酸活化酯、 7-氨基香豆素 -3-碳酸活化酯、 7-甲氧基香豆素 -3-碳酸活化酯、 5/6-荧光素碳酸活 化酯、 荧光素 -5-异硫氰酸酯 (FITC)、 荧光素 -5马来酰亚胺、 5-碘乙酰胺基荧光素、 若丹明 6G-5/6- 碳酸活化酯、磺基罗丹明 B磺酰氯、 X-罗丹明 -6-碳酸活化酯、磺基罗丹明 101磺酰氯、 四乙氨基罗丹 明 -5/6-碳酸活化酯、 四甲氨基罗丹明 -6-马来酰亚胺、 德州红 C2马来酰亚胺、 四甲氨基罗丹明- 5/6- 异硫氰酸酯、四甲氨基罗丹明- 5/6-马来酰亚胺、丹磺酰氯、 EDA S C2马来酰亚胺、碘乙酰胺基 EDANS、 NBD- X活化酯、 ThioGlo- 1或者 CHROMIS L5H N azide), 再羧基、 巯基或炔基化;
羧基、 巯基或炔基化; 取活化的合成砌块 1和 2与活化的始端序列反应, 得连接了始端序列的初 始合成砌块;
②分别在始端序列上连接合成砌块 1和 2的标记序列 (该连接方法除了可以用下述方法以外, 还 可以用其他单链 DNA的连接方法):
用多核苷激酶使得单链 DNA的 5' -端磷酸化; RNA连接酶连接, 即可;
③混合, 得初始合成砌块混合物。
b、 以步骤 a得到的初始合成砌块为基础, 用线性组合反应的方式合成化合物, 合成过程中, 每加 入新的合成砌块, 就在与初始合成砌块相连的单链 DNA游离端串联连接所加入合成砌块的特异标记序 列, 使所述单链 DNA逐渐延长, 合成结束后, 在所述单链 DNA游离端串联连接末端序列, 即得到单链 DNA标记的化合物文库: 比如, 三步线性组合反应。
I:
①合成(除了下述合成方法以外, 还可以用其他化学合成方法): 取合成砌块 3~4, 置于 2个微型 反应容器中, 分别与步骤 a制得的初始合成砌块混合物中混合, 按照混合裂分法、 平行合成法、 多组 分液相合成法或者官能团转化法合成;
②加标记序列: 同步骤 a步骤②。
③混合, 得混合物。
II:
①合成(除了下述合成方法以外, 还可以用其他化学合成方法): 取合成砌块 5~6, 置于 2个微型 反应容器中, 分别与步骤 b制得混合物混合, 按照混合裂分法、 平行合成法、 多组分液相合成法或者
替换页 (细则第 26条) 官能团转化法合成;
②加标记序列: 同步骤 a步骤②。
③加末端序列: 同步骤 a步骤②。
④混合, 即得到单链 DNA标记的化合物的文库。
(3)筛选: 对 DNA标记的化合物的文库进行筛选:
基于受体-配体特异性反应的色谱分离筛选方法,用生物靶分子对 DNA标记的化合物的文库进行筛 选。
对色谱进行洗脱, 将未与生物靶标分子结合的 DNA标记的化合物除去, 分离得到与生物靶分子结 合的 DNA标记的化合物。
(4)测序:
取步骤(3)筛选得到的 DNA标记的化合物, 对 DNA标记的化合物上的 DNA测序, 根据 DNA序列即 可确定该化合物的合成砌块和反应历程。
实施例 2 用本发明方法成和筛选胰蛋白醵抑制剂的先导化合物
1、 材料和试剂
T4 PNK (500U NEB-M0201V) , T4 RNA ligase 1 (NEB-M0204S) , Cartridges (PCR purification Kit (cat. no 28104, Nucleotides removal Kit cat. no 28306) purchased from Qiagen (Hi 1 den, Germany) . dNTPs (0. 5 mM, NEB, cat. no89009) .
表 1所示单链 DNA片段, 由 Genscript公司和 Biosune公司合成。
2、 制备方法
( 1)制备单链 DNA片段:
55种合成砌块与 57种单链 DNA片段, 57种单链 DNA片段包括 55种标记序列、 1种始端序列和 1 种末端序列;
下述标记序列上均可以连接胞苷, 提高后续单链 DNA片段的连接效率。 表 2 单链 DM片段
Figure imgf000008_0001
6 替换页 (细则第 26条)
Figure imgf000009_0001
替换页 (细则第 26条) °I33Vf)If)I3
°VVf)Vf)3VI3
°I3V3f)3f)f)I
°VIV3f)3f)3V
°V33I3f)If)3
°VVf)VIf)IVV
°f)3f)VII3V3
°f)f)VVVIf)f)I
°IVf)IVf)IIV
°f)f)f)V3VWV
S .8680/CT0ZN3/X3d U9t60/ 0Z OAV
Figure imgf000011_0001
S.8680/CT0ZN3/X3d U9t60/ 0Z OAV
Figure imgf000012_0001
S.8680/CT0ZN3/X3d U9t60/ 0Z OAV
Figure imgf000013_0001
(2) 合成:
a、 制备初始合成砌块: 选择一种合成砌块用荧光标记, 将始端序列的一端连接在合成砌块上, 另 一端与所述合成砌块的特异标记序列串联连接,得到一种标记有一端游离的单链 DNA的初始合成砌块;
①初始合成砌块与始端序列连接:
取始端序列, 氨基化, 取合成砌块 1用 FITC标记, 羧基化; 取活化的合成砌块 1与活化的始端序 列反应, 得连接了始端序列的初始合成砌块。
荧光标记: 将合成砌块 1 ( 3. 0 mg, 0. 023 mmol ) 溶于 1. 0 mL二甲基亚砜中, 室温下滴加入异硫 氰酸荧光素 FITC ( 7. 5 mg, 0. 019 mmol ) 的 1. 0 mL二甲基亚砜溶液。 反应混合物在室温下过夜反应 后, 通过高效液相色谱分离纯化。
连接: 反应混合物总体积为 150微升, 溶剂为水和二甲亚砜体积比为 3 : 7, 其中含三乙胺盐酸缓 冲体系 (pH 10. 0, 80mM), 其中, 合成砌块 1的浓度为 30 mM, 活化试剂 1_乙基 _3_ (3_二甲胺丙基) 碳二亚胺盐酸盐 (EDCI ) 浓度为 4 mM, 以及 2-磺酸基 羟基琥珀酰亚胺浓度为 10 mM, 始端序列浓 度为 20 M, 室温反应 1小时。
②在始端序列上连接合成砌块 1的标记序列 (该连接方法除了可以用下述方法以外, 还可以用其 他单链 DNA的连接方法):
用多核苷激酶使得单链 DNA的 5 ' -端憐酸化; RNA连接酶连接, 即可。
连接: 取步骤①处理后的始端序列与标记序列 1, 15 ul的反应混合物包括 225pmol始端序列、 25pmol标记序列 1、 50单位 T4RNA连接酶以及连接反应的缓冲液; 该混合物在 25°C孵育 1. 5h, 后再 70°C加热 20min, T4RNA连接酶变性; 加入 T4多核苷酸激酶和 InmATP, 反应 10个循环, 接着在 75°C 孵育 20min使额外的多核苷激酶变性;
纯化: 产物用等体积的 2 X上样缓冲液中, 该缓冲液包含 40mM Tris-HCL (pH7. 6)、 1M NaCL和 ImM EDTA;
得到的混合物通过如下步骤纯化: 反应液上 Qiagen Cartridge柱子; 用 I X上样缓冲液悬浮; lOOOrmp离心 lmin, 用硅化玻璃棉过滤; 用 I X上样缓冲液、 0. 5M NaCL溶液和 80%乙醇依次冲洗; 用 20 ul PE洗脱液洗脱; 真空干燥, 即可。
检测: 用常规银染电泳和荧光成像检测, 将荧光影像和银染影像进行对齐, 在银染的影像上通过 DNA Marker和反应前 DNA的分子量对照找到相应的条带。 如果在荧光影像上的相应位置出现条带, 说 明小分子 -DNA的共价连接成功, 荧光响应的强弱表明反应进行的好坏。 检测结果如图 2所示, 在在荧 光影像上的相应位置出现了条带, 小分子 -DNA的共价连接成功。 实验结果说明, 可以用荧光标记初始 合成砌块, 进而监测化合物及其中间体是否标记了 DNA分子, 避免资源浪费。
b、 以步骤 a得到的初始合成砌块为基础, 用三步线性组合反应的方式合成化合物, 合成过程中, 每加入新的合成砌块, 就在与初始合成砌块相连的单链 DNA游离端串联连接所加入合成砌块的特异标 记序列, 使所述单链 DNA逐渐延长, 合成结束后, 在所述单链 DNA游离端串联连接末端序列, 即得到 单链 DNA标记的化合物文库;
第一批合成砌块, 即初始砌块 (1个): 合成砌块 1;
第二批合成砌块 (5个): 合成砌块 2~6;
第三批合成砌块 (49个): 合成砌块 55;
I:
①合成
取合成砌块 2~6, 分别置于 5个微型反应容器中, 与步骤 a制得的初始合成砌块混合, 按照混合 裂分法、 平行合成法、 多组分液相合成法或者官能团转化法合成。
分别置于 5个微型反应容器中, 与步骤 a制得的初始合成砌块反应。 以合成砌块 2为例, 反应条 件为 150微升反应混合物, 溶剂为水和二甲亚砜体积比为 3:7, 其中含三乙胺盐酸缓冲体系 (pH9.0, 80mM),合成砌块 1的浓度为 30mM,活化试剂 1-乙基 -3- (3-二甲胺丙基)碳二亚胺盐酸盐(EDCI) 4mM, 2-磺酸基 羟基琥珀酰亚胺 10 mM, 合成砌块 2的浓度 1.5 M, 室温反应 15小时。
②分别加合成砌块 2~6的标记序列: 同步骤 a步骤②。
③混合, 得混合物。
II:
①合成
取合成砌块 7~55, 分别置于 49个微型反应容器中, 与步骤 a制得的初始合成砌块混合, 按照混 合裂分法、 平行合成法、 多组分液相合成法或者官能团转化法合成。
分别置于 49个微型反应容器中, 与步骤 a制得的初始合成砌块反应。 以合成砌块 2为例, 反应条 件为 150微升反应混合物, 溶剂为水和二甲亚砜体积比为 3:7, 其中含三乙胺盐酸缓冲体系 (pH9.0, 80mM),合成砌块 1的浓度为 30mM,活化试剂 1-乙基 -3- (3-二甲胺丙基)碳二亚胺盐酸盐(EDCI) 4mM, 2-磺酸基 羟基琥珀酰亚胺 10 mM, 合成砌块 2的浓度 1.5 M, 室温反应 15小时。
②加标记序列: 同步骤 a步骤②。
③加末端序列: 同步骤 a步骤②。
④混合, 即得到单链 DNA标记的化合物的文库。
(3) 筛选: 对 DNA标记的化合物的文库进行筛选:
基于受体-配体特异性反应的色谱分离筛选方法,用生物靶分子对 DNA标记的化合物的文库进行筛 选。
① CNBr树脂活化:
1 ) 0.1033克 CBNr活化 Sepharose 4B树脂, 并把它们分为 2支, 然后在 4ml的 ImM的氯化氢溶 液 (PH3.0) 里静止;
2) 用 ImM的盐酸 (pH值 3.0) 清洗液清洗 15分钟;
3) 将 4mg的胰蛋白酶溶解在 0.5毫升的偶联缓冲液 (0.1M碳酸氢钠, 0.5M氯化钠, pH值 8.3) 中;
4) 轻微上下震荡混合物 1小时, 在室温或 4°C过夜孵育;
5) 用 4ML耦合溶液洗去多余的蛋白质;
6) 将树脂转入 4mL0.1M的 Tris-HCl缓冲液 (pH8.0) 中, 孵育 2小时;
7) 用清洗缓冲液 1和 2清洗树脂三次; (清洗液 1: 0.1M acetic acid, 0.5M NaCl, pH4.0;, 清 洗液 2: 0.1M Tris-HCl, 0.5M NaCl, pH8.0. )
8) 离心分离树脂, 6000r/min, 10min。
②胰蛋白酶在活化 CNBr树脂上的固化
1) 称取 100毫克活化的 CNBr 树脂至于 4毫升 ImM的盐酸中孵育;
2) 用 8mL的 ImM盐酸 (1¾值 3.0) 清洗;
3)将 0.004mg/ml, 0.02mg/ml, 0. lmg/ml, 0.5mg/ml, 2.5mg/ml的胰蛋白酶溶液分别与五份活化 CNBr 树脂混合, 在 4°C下孵育 5小时;
4) 用 0.1M Tris盐酸, 0.5M氯化钠, (pH值 8.3) 溶液清洗树脂; 5) 用 0.1M醋酸钠, 0.5M氯化钠, (pH4.0) 溶液清洗树脂;
6) 重复 4, 5步骤, 交替清洗至少 3个循环。
7) 将胰蛋白酶固化的树脂在 4°C下保存在 PBS缓冲液中 (pH7.4);
③胰蛋白酶化合物库亲和筛选
1) 取的步骤 (2) 得到的单链 DNA标记的化合物的文库与 PBS缓冲液以 1:15体积比混合 (17uL: 255uL);
2) 分别将 50 的文库样品加入胰腺牛胰蛋白酶 /CNBr树脂浆 (2.5, 0.5, 0.1, 0.02, 0.004 和 Omg/mL);
3) 用 PBS缓冲液配制 0.3毫克 /毫升的鯡鱼精 DNA溶液;
4) 步骤 3) 得到的鯡鱼精 DNA溶液与步骤 2) 得到的胰腺牛胰蛋白酶 /CNBr树脂浆在 25 °C下孵育 1小时;
5) 将步骤 4) 的混合物转移到 2ml的 Spin柱子中, 除去上清液;
6) 用 200μ L PBS缓冲液洗涤树脂, 重复 4次;
7) 在清洗后的浆液中加入 100 无菌水, 筛选得到与胰蛋白酶配体样品。
鉴定: 取步骤 (2) 得到的单链 DNA标记的化合物文库与步骤 (3) 筛选得到的胰蛋白酶亲和样品 电泳检测。
检测结果如图 3所示, 用不同浓度胰腺牛胰蛋白酶 /CNBr树脂浆筛选均得到一目标条带, 阴性对 照则为空白条带, 说明本发明筛选得到了纯化的胰蛋白酶配体样品。
(4) 测序:
取步骤(3)筛选得到的 DNA标记的化合物, 对 DNA标记的化合物上的 DNA测序, 根据 DNA序列即 可确定该化合物的合成砌块和反应历程:
取步骤(3)筛选得到的样品进行聚合酶链接反应(PCR), 将编码化合物的寡核苷酸代码进行 PCR 扩增(总体积 50微升, 30个循环,每个循环 94°C 1分钟, 55°C反应 1分钟, 72 反应 40秒), 以 5 μ L 胰蛋白酶 245库 (浓度 100 fM) 为模板。
采用 Illumina Hiseq2000高通量测序平台, 测序流程如下:
1) PCR扩增后的筛选寡核苷酸文库,利用 Axygen公司的 MAG-PCR-CL-250试剂盒进行纯化及质量 检测报告;
2) 利用 Illumina公司的 Picogreen试剂盒进行核酸定量, 得出样品核酸浓度, 进行下一步测 序文库制备;
3) 利用 Illumina公司的 chip-seq DNA sample试剂盒将 Hiseq2000特定测序接头 (6个碱基长 度) 接在测序样本的 5 '端和 3' 端, 再固定到 Hiseq2000测序仪的芯片 chip-seq plate上面, 进行 下一步桥式扩增;
4)利用 Truseq PE Cluster Kit v3- cBot- HS 试剂盒进行核酸样本桥式扩增,在每个 chip- seq lane 上面得到足够测序使用的核酸簇 (cluster);
5) 利用 Hiseq 2000的 laser imaging系统, Truseq SBS Kit v3- HS (200cycles)的带标签 dNTP, 记录从测序接头开始读取的每个碱基出现顺序及频次, 测试核酸样本碱基;
6) 下机取出数据, 数据处理。
测序结果如图 4所示, 序列如 SEQ ID NO.1所示: TCAGGCAGAGGCGATAGAGGCGATAGA, 结合表 2可以 确定筛选得到的胰蛋白酶配体的结构如下:
Figure imgf000015_0001
根据该结构式, 合成该化合物后进行检测, 检测确定该化合物为胰蛋白酶抑制剂, 其抑酶活性如 图 5~6所示, IC50为 8.1±2.1ηΜ, 说明筛选得到的化合物确实为胰蛋白酶配体。
实验结果说明, 本发明构建了一个含有 245个化合物的化学文库, 并筛选得到了一个胰蛋白酶配 体, 其具有抑制胰蛋白酶的活性, 说明本发明方法可以有效合成并筛选先导化合物, 荧光标记可以有 效监测整个合成过程。
实施例 3 本发明先导化合物的合成和筛选试剂盒
1、 本发明试剂盒的组成 (N个合成砌块的合成用量)
1 ) i种合成砌块与 i+2种单链 DNA片段, 将单链 DNA片段分为始端序列、末端序列和 i种标记序 列, i种标记序列分别是 i种合成砌块的代码, 其中, i=l , 2, 3—n;
Figure imgf000016_0001
14 替换页 (细则第 26条)
Figure imgf000017_0001
2)始端序列与合成砌块连接用试剂、 组合化学方法合成用试剂和单链 DNA片段连接用试剂;
表 4始端序列与合成砌块连接用试剂
Figure imgf000017_0002
表 5荧光标记用试剂
Figure imgf000017_0003
6组合化学合成方法用试剂
Figure imgf000017_0004
表 7 DNA片段连接用试剂
Figure imgf000017_0005
3)化合物筛选用试剂;
表 8化合物筛选用试剂
Figure imgf000017_0006
15 替换页 (细则第 26条) 清洗缓冲液 1 0. 1M acetic acid, 0. 5M NaCl, pH4. 0 ; 清洗缓冲液 2 0. 1M Tri s-HCl, 0. 5M NaCl, pH8. 0.
PBS缓冲液 20mM NaH2P04, 30 mM Na2HP04, lOOmM NaCl [pH 7. 4] ) 鯡鱼精 DNA 0. 3 mg/mL, 100 uL/ sam le
4) DNA测序用试齐 ϋ。
表 9 DNA测序用试剂
Figure imgf000018_0001
本发明试剂盒按照本发明实施例 1提供的方法使用, 可用于先导化合物的快速合成和筛选。 综上, 与现有技术用双链 DNA标记合成砌块相比, 本发明用单链 DNA标记合成砌块, 连接过程中 单链 DNA不会互补, 不易交联, 结构稳定, 单链 DNA的 PCR扩增以及测序较双链 DNA更为方便、快速; 筛选得到目标化合物后, 可以方便、 快速、 准确的确定标记目标化合物的单链 DNA序列, 从而确定其 标记的目标化合物的合成砌块、 反应历程及化学结构, 大大提高筛选效率; 在初始合成砌块上标记荧 光分子, 确定化合物及其中间体是否标记了 DNA分子, 监测反应进程, 避免了资源浪费。
工业应用性
本发明先导化合物的合成和筛选方法及试剂盒准确高效、 操作简便、 成本低廉, 具有良好的应用 前景。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种先导化合物的合成及筛选方法, 其特征在于: 它包括如下步骤:
( 1 ) 取原料: i种合成砌块与 (i+2 ) 种单链 DNA片段, (i+2 ) 种单链 DNA片段包括 i种标记序 列、 一种始端序列和一种末端序列, i种标记序列分别特异标记 i种合成砌块, 其中, i=l, 2, 3…! 1;
(2 ) 用组合化学方法合成化合物文库:
a、制备初始合成砌块:选择 l~i种合成砌块用荧光标记,再将始端序列的一端连接在合成砌块上, 另一端与所述合成砌块的特异标记序列串联连接, 得到 l~i种标记有一端游离的单链 DNA的初始合成 砌块;
b、 用步骤 a得到的初始合成砌块, 与广 i种合成砌块, 用线性组合反应的方式合成化合物, 合成 过程中, 每加入新的合成砌块, 就在与初始合成砌块相连的单链 DNA游离端串联连接所加入合成砌块 的特异标记序列, 使所述单链 DNA逐渐延长, 合成结束后, 在所述单链 DNA游离端串联连接末端序列, 即得到单链 DNA标记的化合物文库;
( 3 ) 筛选: 对 DNA标记的化合物的文库进行筛选, 选出目标化合物;
(4 ) 测序: 将步骤 (3 ) 筛选得到的目标化合物的 DNA进行测序, 确定目标化合物的合成砌块和 反应历程。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于 步骤 (1 ) 所述始端序列包括多聚腺苷。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的方法, 其特征在于 所述多聚腺苷为 12~20个腺苷。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于 步骤 (1 ) 所述标记序列的长度不低于 6bp。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的方法, 其特征在于 所述标记序列的长度为 9bp。
6、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于 步骤 (1 ) 所述标记序列的 3 ' 端连接一个核糖核 苷酸
7、 根据权利要求 6所述的方法, 其特征在于: 所述核糖核苷酸为胞苷。
8、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于: 步骤 (2 ) 中, a步骤所述荧光标记使用的荧光分 子为 7-氨基香豆素 -3-碳酸活化酯、 7-二乙氨基香豆素 -3-碳酸活化酯、 7-氨基香豆素 -3-碳酸活化酯、 7-甲氧基香豆素 -3-碳酸活化酯、 5/6-荧光素碳酸活化酯、 荧光素 -5-异硫氰酸酯 (FITC)、 荧光素 _5 马来酰亚胺、 5-碘乙酰胺基荧光素、 若丹明 6G-5/6-碳酸活化酯、 磺基罗丹明 B磺酰氯、 X-罗丹明 -6- 碳酸活化酯、 磺基罗丹明 101磺酰氯、 四乙氨基罗丹明 -5/6-碳酸活化酯、 四甲氨基罗丹明 -6-马来酰 亚胺、 德州红 C2马来酰亚胺、 四甲氨基罗丹明 -5/6-异硫氰酸酯、 四甲氨基罗丹明 -5/6-马来酰亚胺、 丹磺酰氯、 ED S C2马来酰亚胺、 碘乙酰胺基 EDANS、 NBD-X活化酯、 ThioGlo-1或者 CHROMIS L5H N azide。
9、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于: 步骤 (2 ) 中, a步骤中始端序列与初始合成砌块 连接的方法是:
将始端序列氨基化, 初始合成砌块羧基、 巯基或炔基化, 反应即得。
10、根据权利要求 1所述的方法,其特征在于:步骤(2 )中,合成过程 pH为 8~12,温度为 (T3(rC。
11、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于: 步骤(2 ) 中, 始端序列与标记序列、 标记序列之 间或者标记序列与末端序列的连接方法是: 用多核苷激酶使得单链 DNA的 5 ' -端憐酸化, 用 RNA连接 酶连接, 即可。
12、 根据权利要求 11所述的方法, 其特征在于: 所述的多核苷激酶为 T4多核苷激酶, 所述 RNA 连接酶为 T4 RNA连接酶。
13、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于: 步骤 (3 ) 所述筛选方法是基于受体 -配体特异性 反应的筛选方法。
14、 一种先导化合物的合成及筛选试剂盒, 其特征在于: 它包括如下成分:
1 ) i种合成砌块与 (i+2 ) 种单链 DNA片段, (i+2 ) 种单链 DNA片段包括 i种标记序列、 一种始 端序列和一种末端序列, i种标记分别序列特异标记 i种合成砌块, 其中, i=l, 2, 3…! 1;
2 )荧光标记用试剂、 始端序列与初始合成砌块连接用试剂、 组合化学方法合成用试剂和单链 DNA 片段连接用试剂;
3 ) 化合物筛选用试剂;
4) DNA测序用试剂。
15、 根据权利要求 14所述的试剂盒, 其特征在于: 成分 1 ) 所述始端序列包括多聚腺苷。
16、 根据权利要求 15所述的试剂盒, 其特征在于 所述多聚腺苷为 12~20个腺苷。
17、 根据权利要求 14所述的试剂盒, 其特征在于 成分 1 ) 所述标记序列的长度不低于 6bp。
18、 根据权利要求 17所述的试剂盒, 其特征在于 所述标记序列的长度为 9 bp。
19、 根据权利要求 14所述的试剂盒, 其特征在于 成分 1 ) 所述标记序列的 3 ' 端连接一个核糖 核苷酸。
20、 根据权利要求 19所述的试剂盒, 其特征在于: 所述核糖核苷酸为胞苷。
21、 据权利要求 14所述的试剂盒, 其特征在于: 成分 2 )所述荧光标记用试剂包括荧光分子, 所 述荧光分子为 7-氨基香豆素 -3-碳酸活化酯、 7-二乙氨基香豆素 -3-碳酸活化酯、 7-氨基香豆素 -3-碳 酸活化酯、 7-甲氧基香豆素 -3-碳酸活化酯、 5/6-荧光素碳酸活化酯、 荧光素 -5-异硫氰酸酯 (FITC)、 荧光素 -5马来酰亚胺、 5-碘乙酰胺基荧光素、 若丹明 6G-5/6-碳酸活化酯、 磺基罗丹明 B磺酰氯、 X- 罗丹明 -6-碳酸活化酯、 磺基罗丹明 101磺酰氯、 四乙氨基罗丹明 -5/6-碳酸活化酯、 四甲氨基罗丹明 -6-马来酰亚胺、 德州红 C2马来酰亚胺、 四甲氨基罗丹明 -5/6-异硫氰酸酯、 四甲氨基罗丹明 -5/6-马 来酰亚胺、丹磺酰氯、 EDANS C2马来酰亚胺、碘乙酰胺基 EDANS、NBD-X活化酯、 ThioGlo-1或者 CHROMIS L5H N azide。
22、 根据权利要求 14所述的试剂盒, 其特征在于: 成分 2 )所述始端序列与合成砌块连接用试剂 包含氨基化单链 DNA的试剂以及羧基、 巯基或炔基化合成砌块的试剂。
23、 根据权利要求 14所述的试剂盒, 其特征在于: 成分 2 )所述单链 DNA片段连接用试剂包括多 核苷激酶和 RNA连接酶。
24、根据权利要求 23所述的试剂盒, 其特征在于: 所述的多核苷激酶为 T4多核苷激酶,所述 RNA 连接酶为 T4 RNA连接酶连接。
25、 一种组合化学文库, 其特征在于: 它是以合成砌块为原料, 用组合化学方法合成的组合化学 文库, 其中, 每个化合物标记了一段单链 DNA序列和一个荧光分子, 该单链 DNA序列的结构为始端序 列—— i种标记序列——末端序列, 所述 i种标记序列特异标记 i种组合化学合成过程中使用的合成 砌块, 其排列顺序与组合化学合成过程中合成砌块的加入顺序相同。
26、 根据权利要求 25所述的组合化学文库, 其特征在于: 所述标记序列的长度不低于 6bp。
27、 根据权利要求 26所述的组合化学文库, 其特征在于: 所述标记序列的长度为 9个 bp。
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