WO2014090777A1 - Système d'énergie de fond de trou - Google Patents

Système d'énergie de fond de trou Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014090777A1
WO2014090777A1 PCT/EP2013/076035 EP2013076035W WO2014090777A1 WO 2014090777 A1 WO2014090777 A1 WO 2014090777A1 EP 2013076035 W EP2013076035 W EP 2013076035W WO 2014090777 A1 WO2014090777 A1 WO 2014090777A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
piston
bore
fluid
inlet
power system
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2013/076035
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Jørgen HALLUNDBAEK
Stig Sejr Larsen
Original Assignee
Welltec A/S
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Welltec A/S filed Critical Welltec A/S
Priority to CN201380062138.8A priority Critical patent/CN104838088A/zh
Priority to CA2892824A priority patent/CA2892824A1/fr
Priority to US14/648,581 priority patent/US20150300129A1/en
Priority to RU2015125212A priority patent/RU2015125212A/ru
Priority to BR112015011685A priority patent/BR112015011685A2/pt
Priority to MX2015006634A priority patent/MX2015006634A/es
Priority to EP13805834.2A priority patent/EP2932027A1/fr
Priority to AU2013357481A priority patent/AU2013357481A1/en
Publication of WO2014090777A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014090777A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B41/00Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00
    • E21B41/0085Adaptations of electric power generating means for use in boreholes
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B34/00Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells
    • E21B34/06Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells
    • E21B34/10Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells operated by control fluid supplied from outside the borehole
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B4/00Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
    • E21B4/02Fluid rotary type drives

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a downhole power system, a constant flow downhole assembly and a related method for providing fluid into a turbine of the downhole power system.
  • Fluid fed down coiled tubing is used for driving a variety of tools or drilling bits.
  • a wireline is not always suitable or capable of providing adequate power for powering the tool, and thus the pressurised fluid fed down the tubing is used.
  • the tubing may be connected to a turbine for converting the energy from the pressurised fluid into a mechanical energy; however, tests have shown that the turbines are very quickly destroyed.
  • substantial repair work often has to be performed.
  • a downhole power system comprising:
  • a constant flow downhole assembly is arranged between the tubing string and the turbine for providing a substantially constant flow of the pressurised fluid to the turbine
  • the constant flow downhole assembly has an assembly axis and comprises:
  • a body comprising a main bore having a bore inlet and at least one bore outlet
  • the downhole power system as described above may further comprise a generator arranged between the turbine and the tool, the generator comprising a rotor and a stator and the rotor being connected with the shaft.
  • a gearing unit may be arranged between the shaft and the rotor.
  • the bore inlet may be in fluid communication with the piston inlet.
  • the piston may have a piston end wall surrounding the piston inlet, the piston inlet being opposite the bore inlet.
  • the piston inlet may be smaller than the bore inlet so as to force the piston to move in the first direction.
  • the piston may have a piston wall adapted to partly cover the bore outlet when the piston moves in the first direction for reducing the flow of fluid into the bore outlet.
  • the piston wall may uncover the bore outlet when the piston moves in a second direction opposite the first direction for increasing the flow of fluid into the bore outlet. Additionally, the piston outlet may be arranged in the piston wall.
  • piston outlet may be elongated and extend along the assembly axis.
  • piston may have a plurality of piston outlets arranged circumferentially around the piston wall.
  • the bore outlet may be arranged radially in relation to the assembly axis.
  • the main bore may comprise a plurality of bore outlets.
  • the bore outlets may be arranged circumferentially around the main bore.
  • the piston may have a first end opposite a second end, the first end having the piston outlet, and the spring may abut the first end of the piston.
  • the spring may be arranged partly within the piston and may abut a piston end wall in which the piston inlet is arranged.
  • the main bore may comprise first openings arranged upstream of the piston to allow pressurised fluid to flow in a bypass channel out through second openings and into apertures arranged in the piston wall.
  • Changeable flow restrictors may be arranged in the first openings.
  • the constant flow downhole assembly may comprise a sleeve covering the flow restrictors.
  • the sleeve may form part of the bypass channel.
  • the sleeve may be displaceable or disconnectable for changing the flow restrictors.
  • the main bore may be closed in an end opposite the inlet by an end wall, and the spring may be arranged between the end wall and the piston.
  • the constant flow downhole assembly may be a self-regulating valve.
  • the constant flow downhole assembly may be adapted to regulate a flow of fluid in the range of 0.5-5 barrels/min.
  • the spring may be adapted to absorb a pressure of up to 700 bar (10,000 PSI).
  • the flow restrictors may be nozzles.
  • the tool may be a driving unit, such as a downhole tractor.
  • the tool may be a sensor tool, a stroker tool, a key tool, a cutting tool, a neutron tool, a laser diagnostic tool, a laser cutting tool, a casing collar locator, an acoustic tool, a pulse-generating tool, a milling tool, a setting tool, or a similar tool.
  • the driving unit may comprise projectable arms having wheels.
  • system as described above may comprise two driving units, an electrically driven driving unit and a fluid-driven driving unit.
  • the tubing string may be a coiled tubing.
  • tubing string may be a casing
  • a packer may be arranged surrounding the constant flow downhole assembly for isolating the casing in a first casing part and a second casing part, the first casing part comprising pressurised fluid for driving the turbine.
  • the constant flow downhole assembly may have a first end and a second end, the first end being adapted to be connected with the tubing string, and the second end being adapted to be connected with the turbine.
  • the first end may have a male connection adapted to be connected with a female connection of the tubing string, and the second end may have a female connection adapted to be connected with a male connection of the turbine.
  • the present invention also relates to a constant flow downhole assembly for controlling a substantially constant flow rate in the downhole power system as described above, said constant flow downhole assembly having an assembly axis and comprising :
  • - a body comprising a main bore having a bore inlet and at least one bore outlet, - a hollow piston having a piston inlet and a piston outlet, and being arranged in the main bore, and
  • the piston inlet may be smaller than the bore inlet so as to force the piston to move in the first direction.
  • the present invention relates to a method for proving a substantially constant flow of fluid into a turbine of the downhole power system as described above, comprising the steps of:
  • the method for providing a substantially constant flow of fluid into a turbine of the downhole power system as described above may further comprise the steps of:
  • Fig. 1 shows a downhole power system according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of a constant flow downhole assembly
  • Fig. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the constant flow downhole assembly
  • Fig. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the constant flow downhole assembly
  • Fig. 5 shows a cross-sectional view of yet another embodiment of the constant flow downhole assembly
  • Fig. 6 shows another embodiment of the downhole power system according to the invention
  • Fig. 7a shows a diagram of a first test
  • Fig. 7b shows a diagram of a second test. All the figures are highly schematic and not necessarily to scale, and they show only those parts which are necessary in order to elucidate the invention, other parts being omitted or merely suggested.
  • Fig. 1 shows a downhole power system 1 having a tubing string 2 comprising a pressurised fluid 3 for driving a turbine 4 for converting the energy from the pressurised fluid into rotation of a shaft 5.
  • the shaft is illustrated by dotted lines.
  • the downhole power system 1 further comprises a tool 6 powered by the turbine indirectly through the shaft 5.
  • a constant flow downhole assembly 7 is arranged between the tubing string 2 and the turbine 4 in order to provide a substantially constant flow of the pressurised fluid to the turbine.
  • Turbines have a design which is sensitive to variations in the flow rates and thus to variations in the rotational speed of the shaft. Tests have shown that if the pressure is controlled, the turbine is capable of running over a long period without being damaged.
  • the flow rate will not fluctuate more than 10% above or below a predetermined flow rate level, regardless of the pressure of the fluid entering the constant flow downhole assembly.
  • the turbine is therefore not damaged when driven by pressurised fluid fed down the tubing string and can easily be used for powering a tool operation again and again, without substantial repair work being necessary.
  • the flow rate can be kept substantially constant and the turbine can be designed to have a smaller safety margin, and thus the turbine will be able to run more efficiently.
  • the downhole power system is not dependent on a range of a wireline for powering a tool, the downhole power system is able to perform operations requiring more power than a wireline can deliver, also in a remote part of the well 11.
  • the tubing string may be coiled tubing or drill pipe.
  • the downhole power system further comprises a generator 8 arranged between the turbine and the tool.
  • the generator comprises a rotor 24 and a stator 25, and the rotor is connected with the shaft 5.
  • the generator is able to produce electrical power to the tool, and a wireline is hence no longer required for powering an electrical motor 20 driving the tool 6.
  • the generator can be dispensed with.
  • the tool is a driving unit 6 propelling itself and a sensor tool 6a forward in the well 11.
  • Fig. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of the constant flow downhole assembly which comprises a body 15 having a main bore 16 with a bore inlet 17 and at least one bore outlet 18.
  • the constant flow downhole assembly may have a first end 26 and a second end 27. The first end is adapted to be connected with the tubing string (not shown), and the second end is adapted to be connected with the turbine (not shown).
  • the first end 26 has a male connection having thread 43 and is adapted to be connected with a female connection of the tubing string.
  • the second end 27 may have a female connection having thread 43 and is adapted to be connected with a male connection of the turbine.
  • the constant flow downhole assembly 7 comprises a hollow piston 19 having a piston inlet 32 and a piston outlet 33.
  • the hollow piston 19 is arranged in the main bore 16 and a spring 34 is arranged in the main bore 16 and partly within the hollow piston, said spring being compressed upon movement of the piston in a first direction 35.
  • the piston is thus open in a first end 36, and in a second opposite end 37 the piston has a piston end wall 39 in which the piston inlet is arranged .
  • the main bore 16 has an open end at the bore inlet 17 and a closed end 38 in an end of the main bore opposite that of the bore inlet.
  • the spring is compressible between the piston end wall 39 and the closed end 38 upon movement of the piston in the first direction when the pressurised fluid presses on the piston end wall from the bore inlet 17.
  • the piston inlet is smaller than the bore inlet so as to force the piston to move in the first direction.
  • the first end 36 is positioned so that a piston wall 40 covers the bore outlet and thus reduces the flow of fluid through the bore outlets 18 and into the turbine (not shown).
  • the piston in Fig. 2 is allowed to move back and forth in the main bore 16, and in order to ensure that the compressed spring does not bulge and jam inside the constant flow downhole assembly 7, the closed end 38 has a projection 41 extending into the main bore 16, creating an annular bore part in which the movement of the spring is controlled.
  • the body 15 of the constant flow downhole assembly 7 has a body outlet 42 provided with a thread 43 for connection with the turbine. Outlet channels 44 are provided in the body 15 fluidly connecting the bore outlets 18 with the body outlet 42 and thus with the turbine when connected with the constant flow downhole assembly 7. In the end of the body opposite the bore outlet 42, the body is provided with threads 43 for connection with the tubing string.
  • the assembly can function in a downhole environment where the fluid is often "dirty" and contains elements or substances.
  • the constant flow downhole assembly can be designed as an elongated assembly having a substantially small diameter, and the constant flow downhole assembly is thus capable of fitting into a tool string in a downhole well.
  • the constant flow downhole assembly is a self-regulating valve and provides a substantially constant flow of fluid independent of the variations in the pressure in the tubing string.
  • the constant flow downhole assembly 7 can be designed to deliver from 80 litres/min. (0.5 barrels/min.) to 800 litres/min. (5 barrels/min.) at a pressure varying from 10 (145 PSI) to 700 bar (10,000 PSI), preferably from 140 bar (2,000 PSI) to 700 bar (10,000 PSI), and more preferably from 275 bar (4,000 PSI) to 700 bar (10,000 PSI).
  • the main bore has a plurality of bore outlets arranged radially in relation to the assembly axis 9 along the circumference of the main bore.
  • Channels 44 fluidly connect the bore outlets with the turbine when the turbine is connected with the constant flow downhole assembly 7, so that the flow of fluid is transferred to the turbine in the circumference of the constant flow downhole assembly.
  • the main bore comprises first openings 45 arranged upstream of the piston to allow pressurised fluid to flow in a bypass channel 46 out through second openings 47 and into apertures 48 arranged in the piston wall 40. Fluid is thus led from the main bore both through the piston inlet and through the bypass channels 46 when the pumping of fluid down the tubing string is started, thus pressurising the fluid.
  • the piston outlets 33 are, in Fig. 4, arranged in the piston wall 40.
  • the outlets are arranged circumferentially around the piston wall 40.
  • the piston outlets 33 are only partly overlapping the bore outlet 18, and thus the flow area is decreased .
  • the piston wall never covers the bore outlet entirely.
  • the valve never closes completely.
  • the flow rate when the flow area has been descreased is substantially equal to the flow rate before the flow area was decreased.
  • the piston outlets 33 have an elongated shape and extend along the assembly axis 9. As shown, the shape of the outlets varies so that at one end the outlet is wider than at the other end of the elongated piston outlets.
  • the constant flow downhole assembly 7 comprises a retaining ring 50 arranged in a groove 51 in the body so that the piston is prevented from sliding out of the bore inlet 17.
  • the spring abuts an end face 52 of the piston facing the closed end of the main bore 16 and is thus compressed between the end face 52 of the piston 19 and the closed end 38 of the main bore 16.
  • the constant flow downhole assembly 7 comprises changeable flow restrictors 53 arranged in the first openings 45.
  • the flow of fluid into the bypass channel 46 is thus restricted, and by changing the changeable flow restrictors 53, the flow rate provided by the constant flow downhole assembly 7 may easily be varied.
  • the constant flow downhole assembly further comprises a sleeve 56 covering the flow restrictors.
  • the sleeve is slidably arranged so that the flow restrictors can easily be replaced .
  • the sleeve forms part of the bypass channels 46 and O-rings 57 are provided to seal off the bypass channels 46.
  • the flow restrictions may be nozzles 55 arranged in the first openings.
  • FIG. 7a shows a diagram displaying the flow rate of a first flow test which has been made on the constant flow downhole assembly in which no nozzles or restrictions were arranged in the first openings, and thus no means has been provided in the opening to restrict the flow into the bypass channel.
  • Fig. 7b shows a diagram displaying the flow rate of a second flow test which has been made on the constant flow downhole assembly in which nozzles were arranged in the first openings, and thus the flow into the bypass channel was restricted.
  • the flow rate in the first test is increased more quickly than in the second test in which the nozzles were used.
  • the flow rate increases less rapidly as the pressure in the casing string increases.
  • the tendency of the piston to rattle or slap back and forth between the piston end wall and the closed end of the main bore is furthermore decreased.
  • the flow delivered to the turbine is more constant and this further increases the lifetime of the turbine.
  • the first and second tests show that by using the constant flow downhole assembly of the present invention, the flow rate is kept substantially constant regardless of the pressure of the fluid.
  • the flow rate after the initial section of building up the flow rate to around 320 litres/min., was kept at 320 litres/min. ⁇ 2%.
  • the downhole power system comprises a pump 21 at the top of the well 22 for pressurising the tubing string 2.
  • the tubing string is a drill pipe or coiled tubing
  • the casing is used as the tubing string so that no extra tubing is inserted in the well.
  • a packer is arranged surrounding the constant flow downhole assembly 7 for isolating the casing in a first casing part 61 and a second casing part 62, the first casing part comprising pressurised fluid for driving the turbine.
  • the pressurised fluid enters the constant flow downhole assembly 7, ensuring that a substantially constant pressure is delivered to the turbine 4 driving a shaft connected with the rotor in the generator 8.
  • a gearing unit 10 is arranged between the shaft and the rotor so that the rotor rotates at a higher rotational rate than the turbine 4 and the shaft.
  • the generator powers the electrical motor 20 and a sensor tool 6a.
  • the electrical motor controls the movement of a lateral locator, arranged in front of the sensor tool, when the lateral locator has located the lateral and the tool is to move into the lateral.
  • the tool may be a tool demanding more power than normal tools such as cutting tools, neutron tools, laser diagnostic tools, laser cutting tools, etc.
  • the tool may also be a casing collar locator, an acoustic tool, a pulse-generating tool, a stroker tool, a key tool, a milling tool, a setting tool or a similar tool.
  • the downhole power system is entered into the well, and the tubing string is pressurised so that the pressurised fluid enters the main bore of the constant flow downhole assembly.
  • the pressurised fluid flows past the hollow piston of the constant flow downhole assembly and into the turbine until the fluid flow exceeds a predetermined level.
  • the piston is moved by the pressurised fluid pressing on the piston end wall, reducing a flow area of the bore outlet by the movement of the piston until the fluid flow is substantially equal to the predetermined level.
  • the spring presses on the piston end wall and the flow area of the bore outlet is increased by the movement of the piston until the fluid flow is substantially equal to the predetermined level.
  • the constant flow downhole assembly ensures that a substantially constant flow is delivered to the turbine due to the balancing between the spring and the dynamic pressure of the flow to obtain a state of equilibrium.
  • a stroker tool is a tool providing an axial force.
  • the stroker tool comprises an electrical motor for driving a pump.
  • the pump pumps fluid into a piston housing to move a piston acting therein.
  • the piston is arranged on the stroker shaft.
  • the pump may pump fluid into the piston housing on one side and simultaneously suck fluid out on the other side of the piston.
  • fluid or well fluid is meant any kind of fluid that may be present in oil or gas wells downhole, such as natural gas, oil, oil mud, crude oil, water, etc.
  • gas is meant any kind of gas composition present in a well, completion, or open hole
  • oil is meant any kind of oil composition, such as crude oil, an oil- containing fluid, etc.
  • Gas, oil, and water fluids may thus all comprise other elements or substances than gas, oil, and/or water, respectively.
  • a casing any kind of pipe, tubing, tubular, liner, string etc. used downhole in relation to oil or natural gas production.
  • the driving unit may be a downhole tractor which may have projectable arms 31 having wheels 30 as shown in Fig. 1, wherein the wheels contact the inner surface of the casing for propelling the tractor and the tool forward in the casing.
  • a downhole tractor is any kind of driving tool capable of pushing or pulling tools in a well downhole, such as a Well Tractor®.
  • the system may comprise several driving units where one is electrically driven as described above and another is fluid-driven and thus driven by the pressurised fluid in the tubing.
  • the electrically driven driving unit is driven by the tubine generating electricity powering an electrical motor in the driving unit.
  • the driving unit may have a hydraulic pump driven by the motor for driving the wheels and project the arms.
  • the pump is driven by the pressurised fluid.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un système d'énergie de fond de trou (1) comportant une colonne de production (2) comportant un fluide sous pression (3), une turbine (4) permettant de convertir l'énergie du fluide sous pression en rotation d'un arbre (5), un outil (6, 6a) alimenté par la turbine, système dans lequel un ensemble de fond de trou à débit constant (7) est agencé entre la colonne de production et la turbine pour la mise en oeuvre d'un débit sensiblement constant du fluide sous pression jusqu'à la turbine, dans lequel l'ensemble de fond de trou à débit constant a un axe d'ensemble (9) et comporte un corps (15) comportant un alésage principal (16) ayant une entrée d'alésage (17) et au moins une sortie d'alésage (18), un piston creux (19) ayant une entrée de piston (32) et une sortie de piston (33), ledit piston creux étant agencé dans l'alésage principal, et un ressort (34) agencé dans l'alésage principal, ledit ressort étant comprimé lors du mouvement du piston dans une première direction (35), et dans lequel l'entrée d'alésage est en communication fluidique avec l'entrée de piston et l'entrée de piston est plus petite que l'entrée d'alésage de manière à forcer le piston à se déplacer dans la première direction. La présente invention concerne aussi un ensemble de fond de trou à débit constant et un procédé pour la mise en oeuvre d'un débit sensiblement constant du fluide dans une turbine du système d'énergie de fond de trou.
PCT/EP2013/076035 2012-12-11 2013-12-10 Système d'énergie de fond de trou WO2014090777A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201380062138.8A CN104838088A (zh) 2012-12-11 2013-12-10 井下动力系统
CA2892824A CA2892824A1 (fr) 2012-12-11 2013-12-10 Systeme d'energie de fond de trou
US14/648,581 US20150300129A1 (en) 2012-12-11 2013-12-10 Downhole power system
RU2015125212A RU2015125212A (ru) 2012-12-11 2013-12-10 Скважинная силовая система
BR112015011685A BR112015011685A2 (pt) 2012-12-11 2013-12-10 sistema de energia para furo de poço
MX2015006634A MX2015006634A (es) 2012-12-11 2013-12-10 Sistema de potencia del fondo de una perforacion.
EP13805834.2A EP2932027A1 (fr) 2012-12-11 2013-12-10 Système d'énergie de fond de trou
AU2013357481A AU2013357481A1 (en) 2012-12-11 2013-12-10 Downhole power system

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12196526.3A EP2743445A1 (fr) 2012-12-11 2012-12-11 Système électrique de fond de trou
EP12196526.3 2012-12-11

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2014090777A1 true WO2014090777A1 (fr) 2014-06-19

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ID=47623811

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2013/076035 WO2014090777A1 (fr) 2012-12-11 2013-12-10 Système d'énergie de fond de trou

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US20150300129A1 (fr)
EP (2) EP2743445A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN104838088A (fr)
AU (1) AU2013357481A1 (fr)
BR (1) BR112015011685A2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2892824A1 (fr)
MX (1) MX2015006634A (fr)
RU (1) RU2015125212A (fr)
WO (1) WO2014090777A1 (fr)

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RU2704685C1 (ru) * 2019-03-05 2019-10-30 Публичное акционерное общество "Татнефть" им. В.Д.Шашина Способ внутрискважинной перекачки воды для целей заводнения нефтяных пластов

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MX2015006634A (es) 2015-08-05
BR112015011685A2 (pt) 2017-07-11
US20150300129A1 (en) 2015-10-22
CN104838088A (zh) 2015-08-12
EP2932027A1 (fr) 2015-10-21
AU2013357481A1 (en) 2015-07-16
EP2743445A1 (fr) 2014-06-18
CA2892824A1 (fr) 2014-06-19
RU2015125212A (ru) 2017-01-19

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