WO2014090131A1 - 基于车载网络的安全信息传输方法 - Google Patents

基于车载网络的安全信息传输方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014090131A1
WO2014090131A1 PCT/CN2013/088949 CN2013088949W WO2014090131A1 WO 2014090131 A1 WO2014090131 A1 WO 2014090131A1 CN 2013088949 W CN2013088949 W CN 2013088949W WO 2014090131 A1 WO2014090131 A1 WO 2014090131A1
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Prior art keywords
security information
information
transmitting
interval
segment
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PCT/CN2013/088949
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杜金玲
周斌
徐景
邹伟
郦振红
王海峰
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上海无线通信研究中心
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Priority to US14/652,113 priority Critical patent/US9756638B2/en
Publication of WO2014090131A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014090131A1/zh

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/80Services using short range communication, e.g. near-field communication [NFC], radio-frequency identification [RFID] or low energy communication
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/30Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
    • H04W4/40Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P]
    • H04W4/46Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P] for vehicle-to-vehicle communication [V2V]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W48/00Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
    • H04W48/08Access restriction or access information delivery, e.g. discovery data delivery
    • H04W48/12Access restriction or access information delivery, e.g. discovery data delivery using downlink control channel
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01Protocols
    • H04L67/12Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of in-vehicle wireless network communication, and relates to a method for transmitting safety information, in particular to a method for transmitting safety information based on an in-vehicle network. Background technique
  • In-vehicle network communication can improve vehicle driving comfort and reduce traffic accidents, which has become an inevitable trend in the development of modern automotive electronic technology.
  • In-vehicle network communication is also the core technology for implementing Intelligent Transportation System (ITS).
  • WAVE Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments
  • DSRC is a technology dedicated to vehicle communication in the world.
  • IEEE 802.11p mainly specifies the Media Access Control Layer (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) standards of the DSRC protocol.
  • the IEEE 1609 standard It is a high-level standard based on the 802.11p communication protocol. It is a communication system architecture defined by the application of wireless communication technology in the vehicle environment and a series of standardized services and interfaces.
  • the DSRCAVAVE device operates in the 5.9G band, and the working frequency band occupies 75MHz. 5MHz is the guard band. The remaining 70MHz is divided into 7 10MHz channels, including one control channel (CCH) and six service channels (service). Channel, referred to as SCH). The time is divided into 50ms of control channel intervals (CCHI) and 50ms of service channel intercals (SCHI). As shown in Figure 1, the DSCH/WAVE synchronization interval, a CCH interval period and an SCH interval period (100ms) form a synchronization interval. The CCH interval and the SCH interval are separated by a 4ms guard interval (GI). Used to complete channel switching.
  • GI guard interval
  • CCH channel transmission management information such as WAVE service announcements and high priority vehicle safety information such as collision warning and emergency braking
  • SAE J2735 standard recommends that such high priority information has a transmission delay of less than 10ms.
  • WAVE requires that all devices must listen to CCH within the CCH interval.
  • non-secure information is transmitted through the SCH interval.
  • a single channel device In order to transmit non-secure information, a single channel device has to switch from the CCH channel to any one of the SCH channels within the SCH interval. The security information to be sent can only be transmitted on the CCH channel until the next CCH interval arrives. This may introduce a large delay for delay-sensitive security information transmission.
  • the node vehicle becomes a relay vehicle and receives broadcast information from the source. Then, each relay vehicle that receives the safety information repeats broadcasting on other channels (channels other than 'current channel' and 'next channel')
  • the information is transmitted in the format of the security information as shown in Figure 2.
  • the patent In order to ensure that all vehicles running on any channel can be in the SCH Receiving the security information within the compartment, the patent must repeat the same security information broadcast on all channels, which will inevitably lead to a great loss of resources.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a security information transmission method based on an in-vehicle network, which is used to solve the problem that the security information transmission delay is too long in the prior art, and the transmission efficiency is low, and cannot be in the SCH.
  • the problem of sending and receiving security information is to provide a security information transmission method based on an in-vehicle network, which is used to solve the problem that the security information transmission delay is too long in the prior art, and the transmission efficiency is low, and cannot be in the SCH.
  • the present invention provides a security information transmission method based on an in-vehicle network, the security information transmission method being applied to a vehicle-to-vehicle communication including a sender and a receiver, the security information transmission method package Includes:
  • the step S1 further includes: designating a temporary security information transmission channel for the service channel interval, and adding temporary security information transmission channel information to the wireless access service announcement information in the conventional vehicle environment.
  • the step S2 further includes:
  • the remaining packet marking is added to the first segment in order to prove that the remaining time of the control channel interval cannot completely transmit the entire security information.
  • the temporary security information transmission channel information is added to the radio access service announcement information in the conventional in-vehicle environment to constitute the radio access service announcement information in the shortened in-vehicle environment.
  • the service channel is capable of transmitting both secure information and non-secure information.
  • the radio access service announcement information and high priority security information can be propagated within a control channel interval.
  • the information content of the temporary security information transmission channel includes a channel ID.
  • a temporary secure information transmission channel is designated for transmitting the remaining security information.
  • analyzing the remaining transmittable bytes within the control channel interval indicates that the security information cannot be completely transmitted within the control channel interval.
  • the security information transmission method based on the vehicle network according to the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1.
  • the safety information transmission delay is greatly reduced;
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of the synchronization interval for a dedicated short-range communication technology/wireless access system.
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of the security information format transmitted during the service channel interval.
  • Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of a scene in which a car collides on a highway.
  • FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing a method for transmitting safety information based on an in-vehicle network according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 5a is a schematic diagram showing a frame format of radio access service announcement information in a conventional in-vehicle environment carrying temporary security information transmission channel information in an in-vehicle network-based security information transmission method according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 5b is a schematic diagram showing a frame format of the wireless access service announcement information in the shortened vehicle-mounted environment in the method for transmitting safety information based on the in-vehicle network of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a flow chart showing the step S2 in the method for transmitting safety information based on the in-vehicle network of the present invention. detailed description
  • the present invention differs from US 2011/0128902 in that US Patent US 2011/0128902 is required at all
  • the security information is repeatedly transmitted on the SCH, and the present invention can transmit the security information by using the CCH interval as much as possible. If the security information cannot be completely transmitted on the CCH, all the vehicles are notified to receive the remaining security information on any given SCH (the information format is as shown in FIG. 5a). Or FIG. 5b), meanwhile, the vehicle receiving the remaining safety information temporarily does not compete for resources in the SCH interval until the remaining safety information transmission is completed.
  • information is propagated through network nodes.
  • Information is mainly divided into management information, security information and non-security information.
  • the management information and the security information are transmitted on a control channel (CCH) control channel (CCH), and the non-security information is in service channel intervals.
  • SCHI is transmitted on a service channel (SCH).
  • the method for transmitting safety information based on the vehicle network according to the present invention requires the vehicle network to satisfy two assumptions:
  • the vehicle sender can divide a piece of security information into two packet segments for independent transmission.
  • the embodiment provides a security information transmission method based on an in-vehicle network, and the security information transmission method is applied to vehicle-to-vehicle communication including a sender and a receiver, as shown in FIG.
  • Information transmission methods include:
  • the step further includes specifying a temporary security information transmission channel for the SCH interval, and adding the temporary security information transmission channel information to the wireless connection in the conventional vehicle environment.
  • the transmission channel specified here may be any one of the SCH channels.
  • the SCH channel is capable of transmitting both secure and non-secure information.
  • the temporary security information transmission channel information is added to the radio access service announcement information in a conventional in-vehicle environment, and constitutes a shortened in-vehicle environment radio access service announcement information as shown in FIG. 5b.
  • the content of the temporary security information transmission channel information may be very simplified, for example, only the channel ID is included.
  • the frame format of the radio access service announcement information in the shortened in-vehicle environment as shown in FIG. 5b can be used to propagate temporary security information transmission channel information.
  • the vehicle receiving the temporary safety information transmission channel information switches to the designated SCH channel within a subsequent SCH interval (which may include one SCH interval and possibly multiple SCH intervals). In the SCH interval, at all After the vehicle switches to the same SCH channel, the security information can be successfully transmitted and received within the SCH interval.
  • the security information can be completely transmitted within the CCH interval. If the remaining time cannot fully transmit a security message, the sender will wait for the next CCH interval to continue and continue transmission. Since the security information cannot be completely transmitted, it can only wait for the next CCH interval to arrive.
  • a temporary secure information transmission channel is designated for transmitting the remaining security information.
  • step S2 After receiving the WSA information carrying the temporary security information transmission channel, sending the security information, and analyzing how many bytes are available in the CCH interval, which indicates that the security information cannot be completely transmitted within the CCH interval, and the security information is divided into Adding a first segment of the remaining packet tag and a second segment without adding a remaining packet tag, and transmitting the first segment to the receiver in a CCH interval, and transmitting the second segment to the receiving in a serving channel interval square.
  • the specific step S2 is shown in Figure 6, including:
  • All vehicles switch to the temporary security information transmission channel in the SCH interval in the guard interval, and the sender does not perform resource competition, and directly transmits the remaining security information to the receiver, that is, the second fragment without adding the remaining packet label.
  • all receivers suspend channel contention and receive the remaining pieces of security information.
  • the security information transmission method based on the vehicle network first greatly reduces the security information transmission delay.
  • the network is able to generate security information during the SCH interval. If the security information is generated within the CCH interval, but the information cannot be completely transmitted during the remaining time of the CCH interval, its transmission delay is at least 54ms (including the guard interval) according to the existing protocol standard.
  • the time slot of the network is lms.
  • the security interval is discarded, the security information is able to
  • the present invention can speed up the transmission of safety information and reduce the delay. Second, mitigate the probability of collision and further reduce the transmission delay.
  • the information source sender transmits part of the security information carrying the remaining packet tag, and after the channel switching, the sender switches to the designated temporary security information transmission channel, Continue to transfer the remaining security information.
  • all receivers can The initial phase of the SCH interval suspends resource competition and reduces the probability of collision.
  • the present invention makes full use of the CCH interval to transmit security information, and minimizes the number of bytes of security information transmitted within the SCH interval. This further reduces the transmission delay of the security information.
  • the present invention improves spectral efficiency.
  • the present invention requires that security information be transmitted only over a designated temporary secure information transmission channel when transmitted within the SCH interval. Security information does not need to be broadcast repeatedly on multiple channels. This improves spectral efficiency.
  • the present invention effectively overcomes various shortcomings in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Computing Systems (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供一种基于车载网络的安全信息传输方法,应用于包括发送方和接收方的车车通信中,所述安全信息传输方法包括:S1,发送携带临时安全信息传输信道标识的常规车载环境下的无线接入服务公告信息给所述接收方;S2,发送安全信息,并在分析出控制信道间隔内有剩余可传输字节时,将所述安全信息分成添加剩余分组标记的第一片段以及未添加剩余分组标记的第二片段,并将所述第一片段在控制信道间隔内传输给所述接收方,将所述第二片段在服务信道间隔内传输给所述接收方;S3,返回到常规消息传输状态,继续传输信息。本发明能够使安全信息在服务信道间隔内传输,大大降低传输时延,改善频谱效率。

Description

基于车载网络的安全信息传输方法
技术领域
本发明属于车载无线网络通信领域, 涉及一种安全信息的传输方法, 特别是涉及一种基 于车载网络的安全信息传输方法。 背景技术
车载网络通信能够提高车辆驾驶舒适度, 减少交通事故, 已成为现代汽车电子技术发展 的必然趋势。 车载网络通信也是实现智能交通系统 Intelligent Transport System, 简称 (ITS)的 核心技术。 车辆通信环境下的无线接入系统 (Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments, 简称 WAVE)允许车辆运行在专用短程通信技术 (Dedicated Short Range Communications , 简称 DSRC)频带上。 DSRC 是国际上专门用于车辆通信的技术, IEEE 802.11p主要规定了 DSRC 协议的媒体访问控制层 (Media Access Control Layer, 简称 MAC) 和物理层 (Physical layer, 简 称 PHY)标准, IEEE 1609 标准则是以 802.11p通信协议为基础的高层标准, 针对无线通信 技术应用于车辆环境时所定义出的通信系统架构以及一系列标准化的服务和接口。
DSRCAVAVE 设备工作在 5.9G频段, 工作频带共占用 75MHz, 其中 5MHz 为防护频 带, 剩余 70MHz被分为 7个 10MHz的信道, 包含 1个控制信道 (control channel,简称 CCH) 和 6个服务信道 (service channel,简称 SCH)。 而时间被分成交替变换的 50ms的控制信道间隔 (control channel intervals,简称 CCHI)禾口 50ms 的月艮务信道间隔(service channel intercals,简称 SCHI)。 如图 1所示的 DSRC/WAVE同步间隔, 一个 CCH间隔时间段和一个 SCH间隔时间 段 (100ms)组成了一个同步间隔 (sync interval), CCH间隔和 SCH间隔由 4ms保护间隔 (GI) 分开, 用于完成信道切换。 CCH信道传输管理信息, 如 WAVE服务公告以及如碰撞预警和 紧急刹车等高优先级车辆安全信息, SAE J2735标准建议这类高优先级信息的传输时延低于 10ms。 考虑到单信道 (single-radio)设备无法在同一信道内同时收发信息, 因此为了保证所有 设备都能收听到管理信息和安全信息, WAVE 要求在 CCH 间隔内, 所有设备必须监听 CCH。 此外, 非安全信息通过 SCH间隔传输。 为了传输非安全信息, 在 SCH间隔内, 单信 道设备不得不从 CCH信道切换到任意一个 SCH信道。 而待发送的安全信息只能等到下一个 CCH间隔到来才能在 CCH信道上传输。 这对于时延敏感的安全信息传输而言, 该方案可能 引入较大时延。
现有技术中, 例如, "多信道车载网络上的广播信息 (Broadcasting messages in multi- channel vehicular networks)" US 2011/0128902中描述了车辆环境下的安全信息广播机制。 该 专利假设信息源端车辆 (source vehicle)能够运行在一条或多条信道上。 在车辆环境中, 一旦 该车辆在 SCH 间隔内检测到事故发生并且生成一个与该事故相应的安全信息, 该信息指出 源端车辆将要广播该信息的 '当前信道 (current channels)' 和 '下一条信道 (next channels)'。 当前信道是指源端车辆检测到发生的事故并传输该事故对应的安全信息的信道; 而下一条 (传输)信道是指源端车辆随后传输该安全信息的 (其他)信道。 源端车辆的邻居节点车辆成为 中继车辆, 接收源端发来的广播信息。 然后, 每个接收到该安全信息的中继车辆在其它信道 ( '当前信道' 和 '下一条信道' 除外的信道)上重复广播该信息。 传输的安全信息的格式如 图 2所示。 为了保证所有运行在任意信道上的车辆都能在 SCH间隔内收到该安全信息, 该 专利是必须在所有信道上重复广播相同的安全信息, 这势必会引起极大的资源损耗。
而在现实生活中, 汽车在高速公路上发生碰撞的场景如图 3所示, 假如在某个时刻, 汽 车 VI 与 V2发生碰撞, 若碰撞被成功检测并生成对应的安全信息, 理论上, 该安全信息应 该立即传输给周围车辆。 然而, 如果生成信息的时刻恰巧在 CCH 间隔末端, 发送该安全信 息所需时间超出剩余的 CCH时间, 那么该信息将被存储, 直到下一个 CCH间隔到来才有机 会发送。 由于存在 SCH间隔和保护间隔, 车辆可能需要等待 54ms才能回到 CCH间隔, 进行信息传输, 而这个时延可能导致连环碰撞的发生。 因此, 54ms 的时延过长, 应该被縮 短。
此外, 如果在 SCH间隔内, 在 CCH信道上传输安全信息, WAVE无法保证所有的车辆 都能监听到安全信息。 因为在 SCH 间隔内, 如果单信道车辆有非安全信息需要传输, 该单 信道车辆只能从 CCH 信道切换到 SCH 信道才能进行传输。 这就意味着该单信道车辆在 SCH间隔内无法同时监听 CCH信道, 无法接收安全信息, 后果十分严重。 尽管如此, 但如 果能够保证整个网络在 SCH 间隔内收发安全信息, 这将极大地縮短传输时延, 提高安全信 息传输效率, 是迫切需要解决的问题。 发明内容
鉴于以上所述现有技术的缺点, 本发明的目的在于提供一种基于车载网络的安全信息传 输方法, 用于解决现有技术中安全信息传输时延过长, 传输效率较低, 无法在 SCH 内收发 安全信息的问题。
为实现上述目的及其他相关目的, 本发明提供一种基于车载网络的安全信息传输方法, 所述安全信息传输方法应用于包括发送方和接收方的车车通信中, 所述安全信息传输方法包 括:
51 , 发送携带临时安全信息传输信道标识的常规车载环境下的无线接入服务公告信息给 所述接收方;
52, 发送安全信息, 并在分析出控制信道间隔内有剩余可传输字节时, 将所述安全信息 分成添加剩余分组标记的第一片段以及未添加剩余分组标记的第二片段, 并将所述第一片段 在控制信道间隔内传输给所述接收方, 将所述第二片段在服务信道间隔内传输给所述接收 方;
53, 返回到常规消息传输状态, 继续传输信息。
优选地, 所述步骤 S1 还包括: 为服务信道间隔指定临时安全信息传输信道, 并将临时 安全信息传输信道信息添加到所述常规车载环境下的无线接入服务公告信息上。
优选地, 所述步骤 S2还包括:
521 , 如果安全信息的发送方在控制信道间隔的末端没有足够时间完整地传输整个安全 信息, 那么分析剩余多少字节能够在控制信道间隔内传输;
522, 将安全信息分成两个片段, 即第一片段和第二片段, 为第一片段添加剩余分组标 记, 在控制信道间隔内传输携带剩余分组标记的第一片段;
523, 在保护间隔中切换到服务信道间隔内的临时的安全信息传输信道, 发送方不进行 资源竞争, 直接传输剩余的安全信息, 即第二片段; 同时, 所有接收方暂停信道竞争, 接收 剩余安全信息片段。
优选地, 在所述第一片段上添加剩余分组标记是为了证明控制信道间隔的剩余时间无法 完整传输整个安全信息。
优选地, 所述临时安全信息传输信道信息添加在常规车载环境下的无线接入服务公告信 息内构成了縮短的车载环境下的无线接入服务公告信息。
优选地, 服务信道能够传输安全信息和非安全信息。
优选地, 所述无线接入服务公告信息和高优先级安全信息能够在控制信道间隔内传播。 优选地, 所述临时安全信息传输信道的信息内容包括信道 ID。
优选地, 在服务信道间隔内, 指定一个临时的安全信息传输信道用于传输剩余的安全信 息。
优选地, 分析出控制信道间隔内有剩余可传输字节表明在控制信道间隔内不能完整传输 安全信息。
如上所述, 本发明所述的基于车载网络的安全信息传输方法, 具有以下有益效果: 1、 极大地减少了安全信息传输时延;
2、 缓解冲突概率, 进一步降低了传输时延;
3、 改善了频谱效率;
4、 有效利用无线资源。 附图说明
图 1显示为专用短程通信技术 /无线接入系统同步间隔示意图。
图 2显示为服务信道间隔内传输的安全信息格式示意图。
图 3显示为汽车在高速公路上发生碰撞的场景示意图。
图 4显示为本发明的基于车载网络的安全信息传输方法流程图。
图 5a显示为本发明的基于车载网络的安全信息传输方法中携带临时安全信息传输信道 信息的常规车载环境下的无线接入服务公告信息的帧格式示意图。
图 5b 显示为本发明的基于车载网络的安全信息传输方法中縮短的车载环境下的无线接 入服务公告信息的帧格式示意图。
图 6显示为本发明的基于车载网络的安全信息传输方法中步骤 S2的流程图。 具体实施方式
以下通过特定的具体实例说明本发明的实施方式, 本领域技术人员可由本说明书所揭露 的内容轻易地了解本发明的其他优点与功效。 本发明还可以通过另外不同的具体实施方式加 以实施或应用, 本说明书中的各项细节也可以基于不同观点与应用, 在没有背离本发明的精 神下进行各种修饰或改变。
请参阅附图。 需要说明的是, 本实施例中所提供的图示仅以示意方式说明本发明的基本 构想, 遂图式中仅显示与本发明中有关的组件而非按照实际实施时的组件数目、 形状及尺寸 绘制, 其实际实施时各组件的型态、 数量及比例可为一种随意的改变, 且其组件布局型态也 可能更为复杂。
本发明与 US 2011/0128902 不同之处在于, 美国专利 US 2011/0128902 需要在所有的
SCH上重复传输安全信息, 而本发明能够尽量利用 CCH间隔传输安全信息, 如果安全信息 无法在 CCH上全部发送, 则通知所有车辆在指定的任意一条 SCH上接收剩余安全信息 (信 息格式如图 5a或图 5b), 同时, 接收该剩余安全信息的车辆在 SCH间隔内暂时不进行资源 竞争, 直至剩余的安全信息传输完成。
下面结合实施例和附图对本发明进行详细说明。 在车辆环境下, 信息通过网络节点传播。 信息主要分为管理信息, 安全信息和非安全信 息。 根据车辆环境的标准协议, 管理信息和安全信息在控制信道间隔 (control channel intervals,简称 CCHI)的控制信道 (control channel, 简称 CCH)上传输, 非安全信息在服务信道 间隔 (service channel intervals, 简称 SCHI)的服务信道 (service channel , 简称 SCH)上传输。 当网络节点有信息向外发布时, 它首先通过信道竞争获取资源, 若成功获得资源, 节点广播 信息。
本发明所述的基于车载网络的安全信息传输方法要求车载网络需满足两个假设条件:
(1)车辆发送方已知 CCH 间隔内的剩余时间是否能够完整地传输一条安全信息或 WSA 月艮务公告 (Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments Service Advertisement, 简禾尔 WSA) 信 息;
(2)车辆发送方能将一条安全信息分成两个分组片段 (packet segment)进行独立传输。
因此, 基于上述假设, 本实施例提供一种基于车载网络的安全信息传输方法, 所述安全 信息传输方法应用于包括发送方和接收方的车车通信中, 如图 4所示, 所述安全信息传输方 法包括:
S1 , 发送携带临时安全信息传输信道标识的常规车载环境下的无线接入服务公告信息给 所述接收方。 车载网络协议要求车载环境下的无线接入服务公告信息, 即 WSA信息, 和高 优先级安全信息能够在 CCH 间隔内传播。 为了方便区分, 当前车辆标准协议规定的 WSA 信息在本实施例中称为常规车载环境下的无线接入服务公告信息。 为了确保安全信息在任何 时间段 (包括 SCH间隔) 内能够立即传输出去, 该步骤还包括为 SCH间隔指定临时安全信 息传输信道, 并将临时安全信息传输信道信息添加到常规车载环境下的无线接入服务公告信 息上, 然后广播所述信息, 告知其他车辆在随后的一个 SCH间隔或多个 SCH间隔内将信道 从 CCH切换到指定的 SCH信道, 使得 SCH间隔内的所有车辆能够在同一条 SCH信道上继 续监听安全信息。 需注意的是, 这里指定的传输通道可以是任意的一条 SCH信道。 在 SCH 间隔内, SCH信道能够传输安全信息和非安全信息。
如图 5a所示, 所述临时安全信息传输信道信息添加在常规车载环境下的无线接入服务 公告信息内, 又构成了如图 5b 所示的縮短的车载环境下的无线接入服务公告信息。 其中, 所述临时安全信息传输信道信息的内容可以非常简略, 例如, 只包括信道 ID。 如图 5b所示 的縮短的车载环境下的无线接入服务公告信息的帧格式可用来传播临时安全信息传输信道信 息。 接收到所述临时安全信息传输信道信息的车辆在随后的 SCH间隔 (可能包含一个 SCH 间隔, 也可能包含多个 SCH间隔) 内切换到指定的 SCH信道上。 在 SCH间隔内, 在所有 车辆切换到相同的 SCH信道后, 安全信息就能在 SCH间隔内成功收发。
在传统的安全信息传输方法中, 在 CCH 间隔内, 如果有足够时间传输所有的安全信 息, 安全信息就能够在 CCH 间隔内完整传输。 如果剩余时间无法完整传输一条安全信息, 那么发送方会等待下一个 CCH 间隔到来后继续传输。 由于未能完整传输安全信息只能等待 下一个 CCH间隔到来才有传输机会。 本实施例中, 在 SCH间隔内, 指定一个临时的安全信 息传输信道用于传输剩余的安全信息。
52, 接收到携带临时安全信息传输信道的 WSA 信息后, 发送安全信息, 并在分析出 CCH间隔内有剩余可传输多少字节, 这表明在 CCH间隔内不能完整传输安全信息, 将安全 信息分成添加剩余分组标记的第一片段以及未添加剩余分组标记的第二片段, 并将所述第一 片段在在 CCH 间隔内传输给接收方, 将所述第二片段在服务信道间隔内传输给接收方。 具 体步骤 S2如图 6所示, 包括:
521 , 如果安全信息的发送方在 CCH 间隔的末端没有足够时间完整地传输整个安全信 息, 那么分析剩余多少字节能够在 CCH间隔内传输;
522, 将安全信息分成两个片段, 即第一片段和第二片段, 为第一片段添加剩余分组标 记, 在 CCH 间隔内传输携带剩余分组标记的第一片段至接收方; 在第一片段上添加剩余分 组标记是为了证明 CCH间隔的剩余时间无法完整传输整个安全信息。
523, 所有车辆会在保护间隔中切换到 SCH间隔内的临时的安全信息传输信道, 发送方 不进行资源竞争, 直接传输剩余的安全信息至接收方, 即未添加剩余分组标记的第二片段。 同时, 所有接收方暂停信道竞争, 接收剩余安全信息片段。
53, 所有车辆返回到常规消息传输状态, 继续传输信息。
本发明所述的基于车载网络的安全信息传输方法首先极大地减少了安全信息传输时延。 假设网络能够在 SCH间隔时间段内生成安全信息。 如果安全信息是在 CCH间隔内生成的, 但 CCH 间隔剩余时间无法完整传输该信息, 根据现有的协议标准, 它的传输时延至少达到 54ms (包括保护间隔)。 假设网络的时隙是 lms, 当生成的消息是在 SCH 间隔的第 k个时隙 上生成的, 由于 SCH间隔不能传输安全信息, 它的时延至少是 (54-k)ms。 因此平均传输时延 至少是 (54-0/50 = 29.58ms 。 但是如果使用本发明, 抛开保护间隔, 安全信息是能够
;=0
立即传播的。 所以本发明能加速安全信息传播速度, 减少时延。 其次, 缓解冲突概率, 进一 步降低传输时延。 在本发明中, 当 CCH 间隔的剩余时间能够传输一部分安全信息时, 信息 源发送方传输携带剩余分组标记的部分安全信息, 在信道切换后, 发送方切换到指定的临时 的安全信息传输信道, 继续传输剩余的安全信息。 在这种情况下, 所有的接收方能够在 SCH间隔初始阶段暂停资源竞争, 减少了冲突概率。 再者, 本发明充分利用 CCH间隔传输 安全信息, 尽量减少 SCH 间隔内传输安全信息的字节数。 这进一步降低了安全信息的传输 时延。 最后, 本发明改善了频谱效率。 本发明要求安全信息在 SCH 间隔内传输时, 只能在 指定的临时的安全信息传输信道上传播。 安全信息无需在多个信道上重复广播。 这样便提高 了频谱效率。
综上所述, 本发明有效克服了现有技术中的种种缺点而具高度产业利用价值。
上述实施例仅例示性说明本发明的原理及其功效, 而非用于限制本发明。 任何熟悉此技 术的人士皆可在不违背本发明的精神及范畴下, 对上述实施例进行修饰或改变。 因此, 举凡 所属技术领域中具有通常知识者在未脱离本发明所揭示的精神与技术思想下所完成的一切等 效修饰或改变, 仍应由本发明的权利要求所涵盖。

Claims

权利要求书
、 一种基于车载网络的安全信息传输方法, 应用于包括发送方和接收方的车车通信中, 其 特征在于, 所述安全信息传输方法包括:
51 , 发送携带临时安全信息传输信道标识的常规车载环境下的无线接入服务公告信 息给所述接收方;
52, 发送安全信息, 并在分析出控制信道间隔内有剩余可传输字节时, 将所述安全 信息分成添加剩余分组标记的第一片段以及未添加剩余分组标记的第二片段, 并将所述 第一片段在控制信道间隔内传输给所述接收方, 将所述第二片段在服务信道间隔内传输 给所述接收方;
53, 返回到常规消息传输状态, 继续传输信息。 、 根据权利要求 1所述的基于车载网络的安全信息传输方法, 其特征在于: 所述步骤 S1还 包括: 为服务信道间隔指定临时安全信息传输信道, 并将临时安全信息传输信道信息添 加到所述常规车载环境下的无线接入服务公告信息上。 、 根据权利要求 1所述的基于车载网络的安全信息传输方法, 其特征在于: 所述步骤 S2还 包括:
521 , 如果安全信息的发送方在控制信道间隔的末端没有足够时间完整地传输整个 安全信息, 那么分析剩余多少字节能够在控制信道间隔内传输;
522, 将安全信息分成两个片段, 即第一片段和第二片段, 为第一片段添加剩余分 组标记, 在控制信道间隔内传输携带剩余分组标记的第一片段;
523 , 在保护间隔中切换到服务信道间隔内的临时的安全信息传输信道, 发送方不 进行资源竞争, 直接传输剩余的安全信息, 即第二片段; 同时, 所有接收方暂停信道竞 争, 接收剩余安全信息片段。 、 根据权利要求 3 所述的基于车载网络的安全信息传输方法, 其特征在于: 在所述第一片 段上添加剩余分组标记是为了证明控制信道间隔的剩余时间无法完整传输整个安全信 5、 根据权利要求 1 所述的基于车载网络的安全信息传输方法, 其特征在于: 所述临时安全 信息传输信道信息添加在常规车载环境下的无线接入服务公告信息内构成了縮短的车载 环境下的无线接入服务公告信息。
6、 根据权利要求 1 所述的基于车载网络的安全信息传输方法, 其特征在于: 服务信道能够 传输安全信息和非安全信息。
7、 根据权利要求 1 所述的基于车载网络的安全信息传输方法, 其特征在于: 所述无线接入 服务公告信息和高优先级安全信息能够在控制信道间隔内传播。
8、 根据权利要求 1 所述的基于车载网络的安全信息传输方法, 其特征在于: 所述临时安全 信息传输信道的信息内容包括信道 ID。
9、 根据权利要求 1 所述的基于车载网络的安全信息传输方法, 其特征在于: 在服务信道间 隔内, 指定一个临时的安全信息传输信道用于传输剩余的安全信息。
10、 根据权利要求 1所述的基于车载网络的安全信息传输方法, 其特征在于: 分析出控制信 道间隔内有剩余可传输字节表明在控制信道间隔内不能完整传输安全信息。
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KR20180042244A (ko) * 2015-08-19 2018-04-25 퀄컴 인코포레이티드 단거리 전용 통신 (dsrc) 에서의 안전 이벤트 메시지 송신 타이밍
US10553112B2 (en) 2015-08-19 2020-02-04 Qualcomm Incorporated Safety event message transmission timing in dedicated short-range communication (DSRC)
US10971008B2 (en) 2015-08-19 2021-04-06 Qualcomm Incorporated Safety event message transmission timing in dedicated short-range communication (DSRC)
TWI751974B (zh) * 2015-08-19 2022-01-11 美商高通公司 專用短程通訊(dsrc)中的安全事件訊息傳輸定時
KR102427586B1 (ko) 2015-08-19 2022-07-29 퀄컴 인코포레이티드 단거리 전용 통신 (dsrc) 에서의 안전 이벤트 메시지 송신 타이밍
CN111096040A (zh) * 2017-09-04 2020-05-01 Lg电子株式会社 V2x通信装置及其通信方法
CN111096040B (zh) * 2017-09-04 2023-09-19 Lg电子株式会社 V2x通信装置及其通信方法

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