WO2014084749A1 - Foam-forming composition for preventing and extinguishing forest fires and peat fires - Google Patents
Foam-forming composition for preventing and extinguishing forest fires and peat fires Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014084749A1 WO2014084749A1 PCT/RU2012/000986 RU2012000986W WO2014084749A1 WO 2014084749 A1 WO2014084749 A1 WO 2014084749A1 RU 2012000986 W RU2012000986 W RU 2012000986W WO 2014084749 A1 WO2014084749 A1 WO 2014084749A1
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- foam
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
- A62D1/0071—Foams
Definitions
- the invention relates to means of preventing and extinguishing fires, and can also be used for the degassing of toxic materials and dust suppression.
- water and micelle-forming surfactants are the main components of extinguishing foam-forming compositions.
- To increase the effectiveness of fire fighting in the foaming compositions include various additives that improve the quality of the foam.
- the composition includes from 2 to 40% stabilizer - AL 2 (OH) 5 CL; from 0.02 to 4% of a surfactant containing from 6 to 18 carbon atoms per acid group; and water — the rest is up to 100%.
- the concentrated stabilizer of heat-resistant foam for extinguishing fires includes the following components, mass. %: basic aluminum chloride - 20.4; ammonium sulfate - 7.2; acetic acid - 9.0; water the rest.
- the foaming composition contains components, wt.%:
- the composition allows to obtain heat-resistant foam for extinguishing fires on natural water of any degree of hardness with a significant reduction in the consumption of main components.
- the disadvantage of the composition is the need for separate storage of the foam stabilizer and foaming agent.
- Foaming composition includes the following components, mass. %:
- the foaming composition allows it to be used at temperatures from minus 30 ° C to plus 40 ° C.
- the disadvantage of this composition is the high content of minerals in it, which is not acceptable for extinguishing forest and peat fires.
- composition of the heat-resistant foam includes components, mass. %:
- the main aluminum chloride is A1 2 (OH) 5 C1, TU 216-350-002-39928758-02.
- Triethanolamine TU 6-09-2448-91.
- anionic surfactants are used - based on triethanolamine salts of primary alkyl sulfates PO-6TS (A), TU 0258-147-05744685-98.
- TEA triethanolamine
- PO-6TC foaming agent PO-6TC
- the composition contains 0.5% AL 2 (OH) 5 CL; 0.4% TEA; 0.16% surfactant; the rest is water.
- the multiplicity of foam in a specific experiment is 5.0.
- the time of spontaneous destruction of the foam and the appearance of 25 ml of liquid 180 minutes, 50 ml - 24 hours. Further, a noticeable addition of fluid is not observed for more than 6 hours.
- a foaming agent is pre-prepared with a combination of PO-6TS (A) with TEA in a ratio of 6/4.
- composition contains 0.5% AL 2 (OH) 5 CL; 0.4% TEA; 0.16% surfactant; the rest is water.
- the resulting solution was transferred to a RT-1 mixer beaker and turned on for 30 seconds at a speed of 4000 rpm.
- the multiplicity of foam in a specific experiment is 5.0.
- the time of spontaneous destruction of the foam and the appearance of 25 ml of liquid is 120 minutes, 50 ml - 5 hours. Further, a noticeable addition of fluid is not observed for more than 24 hours.
- composition contains 0.5% AL 2 (OH) 5 CL; 0.4% TEA; 0.5% surfactant; the rest is water.
- the foam multiplicity is 5.5. Isolation of 25 ml compartment 400 min. 50 ml - 20 hours. The composition after 30 days of storage does not undergo noticeable changes in the properties. This composition is suitable for use in automatic fire extinguishing systems for specific fires, but is prohibited for use in natural conditions.
- the table shows comparative data for the optimal composition of the prototype
- Comparative data show that the proposed composition includes 2 times less basic aluminum chloride and 2.5 times less surfactant.
- the composition meets the requirements of the task.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
The present foam-forming composition for a heat-resistant foam for preventing and extinguishing forest fires and peat fires comprises aluminium oxychloride, a surfactant, triethanolamine and water. The foam is characterized in that it is highly resistant to self-destruction and is resistant to thermal radiation and open flame. The foam can be used for decontaminating toxic substances and suppressing dust. The composition is also suitable for use as a charge for fire extinguishers and in automatic fire extinguishing systems.
Description
ПЕНООБРАЗУЮЩИЙ СОСТАВ ДЛЯ ПРОФИЛАКТИКИ И ТУШЕНИЯ ЛЕСНЫХ FOAM FORMER FOR PREVENTION AND FIRE FIGHTING
И ТОРФЯНЫХ ПОЖАРОВ AND PEAT FIRES
Изобретение относится к средствам профилактики и тушения пожаров, а также может быть использовано для дегазации токсичных материалов и пылеподавления. The invention relates to means of preventing and extinguishing fires, and can also be used for the degassing of toxic materials and dust suppression.
Известно, что вода и мицеллообразующие поверхностно-активные вещества являются основными составляющими огнетушащих пенообразующих составов. Для повышения эффективности борьбы с огнем в пенообразующие составы включают различные добавки, улучшающие качество пены. It is known that water and micelle-forming surfactants are the main components of extinguishing foam-forming compositions. To increase the effectiveness of fire fighting in the foaming compositions include various additives that improve the quality of the foam.
Известен пенообразующий состав - Пат. США N° 3554912, кл. А 62 D 1/00, 1971. Known foaming composition - Pat. U.S. N ° 3554912, CL A 62 D 1/00, 1971.
Для получения термостойкой пены низкой кратности, пригодной для тушения пожаров, состав включает от 2 до 40% стабилизатора - AL2(OH)5CL; от 0,02 до 4% поверхностно- активного вещества (ПАВ), содержащего от 6 до 18 атомов углерода на кислотную группу; и воду— остальное до 100%. To obtain a heat-resistant foam of low multiplicity, suitable for extinguishing fires, the composition includes from 2 to 40% stabilizer - AL 2 (OH) 5 CL; from 0.02 to 4% of a surfactant containing from 6 to 18 carbon atoms per acid group; and water — the rest is up to 100%.
Недостатком состава является необходимость использования значительных The disadvantage of the composition is the need to use significant
концентраций высокоосновной соли алюминия, что экономически не выгодно. concentrations of highly basic aluminum salt, which is not economically viable.
Известен также пенообразующий состав для тушения пожаров - Патент РФ N° 2328325, МПК А 62 D 1/04, 2006. Концентрированный стабилизатор термостойкой пены для тушения пожаров включает следующие компоненты, масс. %: основной хлорид алюминия - 20,4; сульфат аммония - 7,2; уксусная кислота - 9,0; вода остальное. Also known foaming composition for extinguishing fires - RF Patent N ° 2328325, IPC A 62 D 1/04, 2006. The concentrated stabilizer of heat-resistant foam for extinguishing fires includes the following components, mass. %: basic aluminum chloride - 20.4; ammonium sulfate - 7.2; acetic acid - 9.0; water the rest.
В рабочем растворе пенообразующий состав содержит компоненты, масс.%: In the working solution, the foaming composition contains components, wt.%:
Основной хлорид алюминия AL2(OH)5CL 0,60 Basic aluminum chloride AL 2 (OH) 5 CL 0.60
ПАВ 0,40 Surfactant 0.40
Сульфат аммония 0,20 Ammonium Sulfate 0.20
Уксусная кислота 0,27 Acetic acid 0.27
Вода остальное. Water is the rest.
Состав позволяет получать термостойкую пену для тушения пожаров на природной воде любой степени жесткости при значительном сокращении расходования основных компонентов. The composition allows to obtain heat-resistant foam for extinguishing fires on natural water of any degree of hardness with a significant reduction in the consumption of main components.
Недостатком состава является необходимость раздельного хранения стабилизатора пены и пенообразователя. The disadvantage of the composition is the need for separate storage of the foam stabilizer and foaming agent.
Наиболее близким к изобретению по составу и достигаемому результату является ПЕНООБРАЗУЮЩИЙ СОСТАВ ТЕРМОСТОЙКОЙ ПЕНЫ ДЛЯ ЧЕХЛА
БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ ТОПЛИВНОГО БАКА - Пат. RU 2457879 Опубликовано: Closest to the invention in terms of composition and achieved result is FOAM-FORMING COMPOSITION OF THE HEAT-RESISTANT FOAM FOR THE COVER SAFETY OF FUEL TANK - Pat. RU 2457879 Published:
10.08.2012 Бюл. » 22. 08/10/2012 Bull. "22.
Пенообразующий состав включает следующие компоненты, масс. %: Foaming composition includes the following components, mass. %:
Магний хлористый, MgCL2 20,6 Magnesium chloride, MgCL 2 20.6
Основной хлорид алюминия, AL2(OH)5CL 1 ,0 Basic aluminum chloride, AL 2 (OH) 5CL 1, 0
ПАВ 0,4 Surfactant 0.4
Триэтаноламин 0,4 Triethanolamine 0.4
Вода Остальное. Water The rest.
Пенообразующий состав позволяет его использовать при температуре от минус 30 °С до плюс 40 °С. The foaming composition allows it to be used at temperatures from minus 30 ° C to plus 40 ° C.
Недостатком этого состава является большое содержание в нем минеральных веществ, что не приемлемо для тушения лесных и торфяных пожаров. The disadvantage of this composition is the high content of minerals in it, which is not acceptable for extinguishing forest and peat fires.
Этот недостаток удалось устранить тем, что состав термостойкой пены включает компоненты, масс. %: This disadvantage was eliminated by the fact that the composition of the heat-resistant foam includes components, mass. %:
Основной хлорид алюминия, AL2(OH)5CL 0,50 Basic aluminum chloride, AL2 (OH) 5 CL 0.50
Триэтаноламин 0,40 Triethanolamine 0.40
ПАВ 0,16 Surfactant 0.16
Вода Остальное. Water The rest.
Для получения состава согласно изобретению используют следующие вещества: To obtain the composition according to the invention, the following substances are used:
Основной хлорид алюминия - А12(ОН)5С1, ТУ 216-350-002-39928758-02. The main aluminum chloride is A1 2 (OH) 5 C1, TU 216-350-002-39928758-02.
Триэтаноламин, ТУ 6-09-2448-91. Triethanolamine, TU 6-09-2448-91.
В примерах используют анионактивные ПАВ - на основе триэтаноламиновых солей первичных алкилсульфатов ПО-6ТС(А), ТУ 0258-147-05744685-98. In the examples, anionic surfactants are used - based on triethanolamine salts of primary alkyl sulfates PO-6TS (A), TU 0258-147-05744685-98.
Пенообразователь на основе неионогенных ПАВ - AFFF 1% ORCHIDEE GERMANY. Вода питьевая. Foaming agent based on nonionic surfactants - AFFF 1% ORCHIDEE GERMANY. Drinking water.
Все испытания составов проводят по стандартным методикам, рекомендованным при разработке новых пенообразующих составов ГОСТ Р 15.201-2000. Пенообразователи для тушения пожаров. /Общие технические требования и методы испытаний/. All tests of the compositions are carried out according to standard methods recommended when developing new foaming compositions GOST R 15.201-2000. Foaming agents for extinguishing fires. /General technical requirements and test methods/.
Примеры приготовления и испытания пенообразующих растворов. Examples of the preparation and testing of foaming solutions.
Пример 1. Example 1
1,5 мл основного хлорида алюминия растворяют в 99 мл воды затем, при 1.5 ml of basic aluminum chloride is dissolved in 99 ml of water then, at
перемешивании добавляют 0,4 мл триэтаноламина (ТЭА) и 0,6 мл пенообразователя ПО- 6ТС(А). Состав содержит 0,5% AL2(OH)5CL; 0,4% ТЭА; 0,16% ПАВ; остальное вода. while stirring, 0.4 ml of triethanolamine (TEA) and 0.6 ml of foaming agent PO-6TC (A) are added. The composition contains 0.5% AL 2 (OH) 5 CL; 0.4% TEA; 0.16% surfactant; the rest is water.
Полученный раствор с рН = 7, переносят в стакан смесителя РТ-1 и включают на 30 секунд со скоростью 4000 об/мин. Кратность пены в конкретном опыте 5,0.
Время самопроизвольного разрушения пены и появление 25 мл жидкости 180 мин, 50 мл - 24 часа. Далее заметного прибавления жидкости не наблюдается более 6 часов. The resulting solution with pH = 7 is transferred to a RT-1 mixer beaker and turned on for 30 seconds at a speed of 4000 rpm. The multiplicity of foam in a specific experiment is 5.0. The time of spontaneous destruction of the foam and the appearance of 25 ml of liquid 180 minutes, 50 ml - 24 hours. Further, a noticeable addition of fluid is not observed for more than 6 hours.
Для удобства применения, предлагаемого состава с использованием воды из природных источников, предварительно готовят пенообразователь при сочетании ПО- 6ТС(А) с ТЭА в соотношении 6/4. For ease of use, the proposed composition using water from natural sources, a foaming agent is pre-prepared with a combination of PO-6TS (A) with TEA in a ratio of 6/4.
Пример 2. Example 2
1,5 мл основного хлорида алюминия разбавляют водой до 99 мл и затем, при перемешивании добавляют 1 мл пенообразователя ПО-6ТС(А) с ТЭА в соотношении 6/4. 1.5 ml of basic aluminum chloride is diluted with water to 99 ml and then, with stirring, add 1 ml of foaming agent PO-6TS (A) with TEA in a ratio of 6/4.
Состав содержит 0,5% AL2(OH)5CL; 0,4% ТЭА; 0,16% ПАВ; остальное вода. The composition contains 0.5% AL 2 (OH) 5 CL; 0.4% TEA; 0.16% surfactant; the rest is water.
Полученный раствор переносят в стакан смесителя РТ-1 и включают на 30 секунд со скоростью 4000 об/мин. Кратность пены в конкретном опыте 5,0. Время самопроизволь- .ного разрушения пены и появление 25 мл жидкости 120 мин, 50 мл - 5 часов. Далее заметного прибавления жидкости не наблюдается более 24 часов. The resulting solution was transferred to a RT-1 mixer beaker and turned on for 30 seconds at a speed of 4000 rpm. The multiplicity of foam in a specific experiment is 5.0. The time of spontaneous destruction of the foam and the appearance of 25 ml of liquid is 120 minutes, 50 ml - 5 hours. Further, a noticeable addition of fluid is not observed for more than 24 hours.
Пример 3. Example 3
Отличался от примера 1, лишь использованием 0,5 мл пенообразователя AFFF 1% ORCHIDEE GERMANY. Состав содержит 0,5% AL2(OH)5CL; 0,4% ТЭА; 0,5% ПАВ; остальное вода. Differs from example 1, only using 0.5 ml of AFFF 1% ORCHIDEE GERMANY blowing agent. The composition contains 0.5% AL 2 (OH) 5 CL; 0.4% TEA; 0.5% surfactant; the rest is water.
При стандартных испытаниях состава - кратность пены 5,5. Выделение 25 мл отсека 400 мин. 50 мл - 20 часов. Состав после 30 дней хранения не претерпевает заметных изменений в свойствах. Данный состав пригоден для применения в автоматических системах тушения специфических пожаров, но запрещен к применению в природных условиях. In standard compositional tests, the foam multiplicity is 5.5. Isolation of 25 ml compartment 400 min. 50 ml - 20 hours. The composition after 30 days of storage does not undergo noticeable changes in the properties. This composition is suitable for use in automatic fire extinguishing systems for specific fires, but is prohibited for use in natural conditions.
В таблице приведены сопоставительные данные для оптимальных составов прототипа и The table shows comparative data for the optimal composition of the prototype and
Сопоставительные данные показывают, что предлагаемый состав включает в 2 раза меньше основного хлорида алюминия и в 2,5 раза меньше ПАВ. Состав отвечает требованиям поставленной задачи.
Comparative data show that the proposed composition includes 2 times less basic aluminum chloride and 2.5 times less surfactant. The composition meets the requirements of the task.
Claims
ФОРМУЛА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ CLAIM
Пенообразующий состав термостойкой пены для профилактики и тушения лесных и торфяных пожаров, отличающийся тем, что он содержит оксихлорид алюминия, поверхностно-активное вещество, триэтаноламин и воду, при следующем соотношении компонентов, масс. %: Foaming composition of heat-resistant foam for the prevention and suppression of forest and peat fires, characterized in that it contains aluminum oxychloride, a surfactant, triethanolamine and water, in the following ratio of components, mass. %:
Основной хлорид алюминия, AL2(OH)sCL 0,50 Basic aluminum chloride, AL 2 (OH) sCL 0.50
Триэтаноламин 0,40 Triethanolamine 0.40
Поверхностно-активное вещество 0,16 Surfactant 0.16
Вода Остальное.
Water The rest.
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| US11707639B2 (en) | 2017-12-02 | 2023-07-25 | Mighty Fire Breaker Llc | Wireless communication network, GPS-tracked mobile spraying systems, and a command system configured for proactively spraying environmentally-safe anti-fire chemical liquid on combustible property surfaces to protect property against fire ignition and flame spread in the presence of wild fire |
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| US11865390B2 (en) | 2017-12-03 | 2024-01-09 | Mighty Fire Breaker Llc | Environmentally-clean water-based fire inhibiting biochemical compositions, and methods of and apparatus for applying the same to protect property against wildfire |
| US11826592B2 (en) | 2018-01-09 | 2023-11-28 | Mighty Fire Breaker Llc | Process of forming strategic chemical-type wildfire breaks on ground surfaces to proactively prevent fire ignition and flame spread, and reduce the production of smoke in the presence of a wild fire |
| US11911643B2 (en) | 2021-02-04 | 2024-02-27 | Mighty Fire Breaker Llc | Environmentally-clean fire inhibiting and extinguishing compositions and products for sorbing flammable liquids while inhibiting ignition and extinguishing fire |
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