WO2014082850A1

WO2014082850A1 - Method and device for determining the performance of a household appliance

Info

Publication number: WO2014082850A1
Application number: PCT/EP2013/073605
Authority: WO
Inventors: Tobias Goldschalt; Maximilian Neuhauser; Matthias Sippel
Original assignee: BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH
Priority date: 2012-11-28
Filing date: 2013-11-12
Publication date: 2014-06-05
Also published as: EP2925922A1; DE102012221693A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for determining the performance of a household appliance (100), in which the performance of the household appliance (100) is determined by means of at least one lot of previously stored information. The invention also relates to a device for a household appliance (100) which is designed such that such method steps can be carried out.

Description

Method and device for determining the power of a

The invention relates to a method and a device for determining the power of a household appliance.

The application of smart grids (also referred to as smart grids) involves the communicative networking and control of power generators, storage, electrical consumers and network resources in energy transfer and energy

Energy distribution networks of the electricity supply, whereby an optimization and monitoring of the interconnected components is achieved. The aim is to secure the energy supply based on efficient and reliable system operation.

A requirement of household appliances when using smart grids is to make available the power actually picked up by the household appliance or its corresponding history for further processing, for example in the context of energy management systems.

In currently known methods, the power measurement can be carried out by a current and voltage measurement with subsequent further processing or digital evaluation. However, it is disadvantageous here that costly measurement hardware is required in the main electrical connection path of the electronics. The current can be measured for example by means of a shunt resistor (also referred to as shunt) or by means of a magnetic field sensor, the voltage across a resistor divider. If the electronics are not at the potential of the mains voltage, an additional galvanic separation in the direction of measuring technology is required. The object of the invention is to avoid the disadvantages mentioned above and in particular to specify a performance determination of a household appliance, which manages with constructive and economically low effort.

This object is achieved according to the features of the independent claims. Further developments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims.

To solve the problem, a method for determining the performance of a

Household appliance proposed in which the performance of the household appliance is determined by means of at least one pre-stored information.

The proposed performance determination thus corresponds to a kind of estimation based on predetermined and stored information and has the advantage that it dispenses with the use of a complex measuring arrangement and thus the constructive and thus economic effort can be kept low.

A development is that based on the information stored in advance, a performance of at least one consumer of the household appliance can be determined. By the

Determining the performance of one or more consumers of a household appliance will enable the realization of particularly energy-efficient systems.

Another development is that the performance of the at least one consumer over a time interval is determined. In particular, the power for several

Consumers over the time interval are determined and accumulated. Furthermore, it is a development that the power over the time interval by means of a processing unit of the household appliance is determined, the

Processing unit which drives at least one consumer by means of an activation signal and the duration of the activation and an associated power consumption is determined by the processing unit by means of the previously stored information.

It is also a development that the activation signal corresponds to an operating mode of the at least one consumer.

Furthermore, it is a development that the power is determined by means of a size provided or to be provided by the at least one consumer.

In the context of an additional development is that of the at least one

Consumer provided size at least

a measurand,

- a manipulated variable.

The measurand may be e.g. a speed of a motor or a

Be switching frequency.

A next development is that the previously stored information comprises at least one of the following information:

a power per time or per switching operation,

one current per time or per switching operation,

a power or a current as a function of a manipulated variable or a measured variable, - a resistance,

- a characteristic or a characteristic field.

One embodiment is that the previously stored information comprises a mains voltage.

A development is that the information stored in advance on

predetermined mains voltage is normalized.

For example, the normalized mains voltage may be a predetermined value, e.g. 230 V or 1 V to which the stored information is related. This is as

Mains voltage given a uniform reference, by means of which, e.g. By means of the energy manager (s.u.), a consistent and uniform correction of the power can be done.

An alternative embodiment is that the determined power or a power determined over a period of time is transmitted to an energy manager. The energy manager can be both part of the household appliance and arranged externally.

A next refinement is that the transmitted power or the power determined over a period of time is corrected by the energy manager on the basis of a determined mains voltage.

For example, the energy manager for this purpose has a measuring device of the local mains voltage or receives information based on which determines the mains voltage can be, for example, from an energy supplier or from another device of the household, such as a smart meter.

It is also an embodiment that the previously stored information was determined by a customer before initial startup and stored in the household appliance.

A further development is that the information stored in advance is provided as a function of at least one of the following parameters:

- an operating age of the household appliance,

- an age of a consumer,

a temperature of the consumer,

a temperature of the environment,

- a moisture.

The above object is also achieved by a device for

Performance determination of a domestic appliance (100) with a processing unit which is designed such that the power of the household appliance (100) is determined by means of a previously stored information.

Embodiments of the invention are illustrated and explained below with reference to a drawing.

It shows: 1 shows schematically a household appliance (eg a washing machine) with several consumers arranged therein.

FIG. 1 shows by way of example as domestic appliance 100 a washing machine which, for example, comprises four consumers 101 to 104. The first consumer 101 is a radiator, the second consumer 102 is a motor for a washing drum. The third consumer 103 is a drain pump and the fourth consumer 104 is a display unit of the washing machine. All consumers 101 to 104 are connected via data links 120 to 123 (which may alternatively be configured as a bus system) to a processing unit 106 arranged in the washing machine 100, to which a memory unit 108 is connected via a data connection 124. Alternatively, the memory unit 108 may be part of the processing unit 106. The

Processing unit 106 is connected via a data connection 125 to a control device 110, which in this embodiment is designed as an energy manager.

Accordingly, the domestic appliance 100 may also be a cooker having a plurality of heating circuits in the form of resistive loads, a motor as an inductive load and a display unit as a consumer. The power of the oven, for example, depends on a preselected operating mode.

The radiator 101 represents a resistive load in which the absorbed power P-101 is calculated from the square of the applied voltage U divided by the resistance R of the load according to:

(1 ) Based on this relationship (1), a normalized power Pioi norm is calculated which takes into account a given normalized mains voltage U _n orm:

U norm ² (

R

Preferably, the resistor R and the normalized voltage U _n0 rm are stored as previously stored information in the memory unit 108. Optionally, for example, the normalized voltage U _n0 rm can also be stored as a global parameter and does not have to be stored in the memory unit.

The energy manager 1 10 performs a correction with the actual or determined mains voltage U _rea i. The result is a power Pi ₀ i _re ai based on the network voltage U _rea i

pu norm ² u real ²

rW \ real ~ _D ^' _TT 2 V °

It can be normalized to any voltage; preferably on the im

Operating country specified mains voltage (USA 120 V, China 220 V, Germany 230 V, Australia 240 V) or e.g. also to a voltage of 1 V.

The voltage and the resistance value R can be stored in the memory unit 108, for example. These and other consumer-specific information can be determined and stored, for example, before a customer commissioning of the washing machine 100.

The motor of the washing drum 102 is an inductive load, in which a linear dependence of the absorbed power P ₁₀ 2 is assumed by a manipulated variable, in this case a speed d. The absorbed power is thus calculated as follows and is preferably related to the normalized voltage U _n0 rm stored in the processing unit or memory unit:

^ 102 ^- ^ max @ i7 ", W

The power P _m ax @ unorm represents a maximum power consumption and d _ma x corresponding to a maximum speed of the motor using the normalized voltage U _n orm. Both the value of the maximum power consumption P _m ax @ unorm and the value of the maximum speed d _ma x are as consumer-specific

Information P (max @ unorm) io2 D _{(max) 1} o2 is stored in the memory unit 108.

For the determination, for example, of the power P ₁₀ 2 currently recorded by the motor 102, in a first step, the current rotational speed of the motor d in the form of an information signal 301 from the engine via the data link 121 to the

Processing unit 106 are transmitted. In a second step, those corresponding to the engine 102 are stored in the memory unit 108

consumer-specific information P (max @ unorm) io2, D _{(max) 1} o2 in the form of a

Information signal 314 forwarded via the data link 124 to the processing unit 106. Subsequently, in a third step by the processing unit 106, the currently recorded power P ₁₀ 2 using the transmitted

consumer-specific information P (max @ unorm) io2, D (max) io2 and the speed determined on the basis already described above relationship (4). The rotational speed can also be a manipulated variable which is known as a function of a setting and can be taken into account for determining the power by means of values stored in the memory unit. Optionally, the speed may be communicated eg by the engine 102 or measured by the processing unit 106, as discussed above.

According to the embodiment described above, the consumer-specific information is e.g. stored in table form in the form of a value table in the memory unit 108. Alternatively, the consumer-specific information can be stored as a functional relationship for the respective consumer 101 to 104 in the memory unit 108. Thus, the relationship valid for the engine 102

¹ P 102 = ¹ P m

a function P (d) of the power as a function of the speed d, which can be indicated as follows:

P (d) = - d

with a = ^■ max

d max Thus, this function or functional dependency can replace the

user-specific information P ₍ max) io2, D _{(max) 1} o2 stored in the memory unit 108. In this respect, the constant α can also refer to the normalized voltage.

For example, the loads 101 to 104 arranged in the washing machine 100 are activated via activation signals 310 to 313 generated by the processing unit 106, i. e.g. switched to a specific operating mode. Thus, the processing unit 106, the time intervals are known in which the respective consumers 101 to 104 are switched to a specific operating mode, for example, are activated or deactivated.

Depending on the operating modes, powers of different consumers, including a display unit 104 (power for an on or off display), at least one computer (inter alia, a standby power) or the like. be stored.

The power consumption of the electronics or the individual modules is depending on

Operating mode stored in the memory unit 108 and used accordingly in the determination of the power or the energy.

Thus, for example, the radiator 101 is activated in a first step with an activation signal 310 generated by the processing unit 106. In a second step, the consumer-specific information U ₁₀ i, R 101 stored in the storage unit 108 corresponding to the radiator 101 is forwarded in the form of an information signal 315 via the data connection 124 to the processing unit 106. Subsequently, in a third step, the normalized currently recorded power P ₁₀ i is determined by the processing unit 106 with the aid of the transmitted consumer-specific information U 101, R 101 based on the above relationship (2). The power P ₁₀ 3 received by the drain pump 103 is calculated similarly to the motor 102 by the relationship (4).

In the processing unit 106, for each of the consumers 101 to 104, both the power P ₁₀ i to P ₁₀₄ and the power (energy consumption) summed over a specific time interval can be determined.

The total power P _{ges received} by the washing machine 100 results from the sum of the power consumed per consumer P ₁₀ i to Pi ₀₄

The electrical energy E _{ges received} by the consumers 101 to 104 results, for example, as the integral of the individual amounts of the powers P ₁₀ i to Pi ₀₄ over time.

For example, the energy E _ges over the time period t with the time intervals t-ι to t _n are given as:

Eges - PGes @ t1 * ti + PGes @ t2 * ^ -2 ^{+ ■■■ +} PGes @ tn * tv

Preferably, the total determined by the processing unit 106

Power consumption P _ges and the total electrical energy absorbed E _ges via the data link 125 to the power manager 1 10 forwarded. With the aid of these transmitted quantities P _tot , E _tot , the washing machine 100 can be controlled in a particularly energy-saving and resource-saving manner by the energy manager 1 10.

The energy manager 1 10 then calculates the actual absorbed power according to: pp _^ u rreeaall b WEEU r eal

real Ges standard _JT 2 'real Ges _norm _TJ 2

standard norm

It should be noted that the "actually recorded power" in particular corresponds to that power which is determined by means of the normalized mains voltage U _n orm according to the above statements and corrected on the basis of the determined (eg measured) mains voltage U _re ai.

Thus, by means of the energy manager, a correction or compensation of the power or energy can be performed. Advantageously, the energy manager for several processing units, such as household appliances or components of household appliances, are used. Thus, advantageously, the determination of the mains voltage U _re ai can be carried out centrally at a location for a plurality of processing units.

For example, a manufacturing tolerance of the resistance by the

Processing unit to be corrected. According to the IEC60335 standard, the

Resistance tolerance for radiators should not exceed 10% to 15%. This error is remedied by measurements of the hot or cold resistances of the individual consumers during the final final production test; Preferably, precisely this resistance value of the loads can be stored in the memory unit 108.

Furthermore, aging of a resistor can be corrected by means of the processing unit. For example, a change in the resistance value per operating hour is known and can be stored in the memory unit. With this value, the processing unit can correct the current resistance value of the consumer. The aging of the resistor causes an error of about 1% per 1000 operating hours. Such an error can be reduced or compensated, for example, by means of an operating hours counter in the processing unit 106.

The voltage fluctuation in the supply network can be determined by normalizing the

Tension in the energy manager to be corrected. In Germany, the supply network is specified to a voltage of 230V ± 10%, which can lead to an error of -19% or +21% in the power calculation. This error can be reduced or

be at least partially compensated by the power and the energy is normalized to the corresponding state value. Since the energy manager 1 10 usually has knowledge about the actual course of the voltage applied to the household, this can be out of the normalized power or

Energy intake the real values are derived.

Nonlinearities with inductive or capacitive loads can be found in the

Processing unit to be corrected. This error can be detected by a characteristic field, which is also included in the final production test and, e.g. of the

Processing unit 106 is accessed via the memory unit 108, reduced or compensated.

LIST OF REFERENCES

100 washing machine

101 to 104 consumers

106 processing unit

108 storage unit

1 10 Control device / energy manager

120 to 125 data connection

301 information signal

314, 315 information signal

310 to 313 activation signals

Claims

claims

Method for determining the power of a household appliance (100),

in which the power of the household appliance (100) is determined by means of at least one previously stored information.

Method according to Claim 1, in which a power of at least one consumer of the domestic appliance (100) can be determined on the basis of the previously stored information.

The method of claim 2, wherein the performance of the at least one

Consumer (101 to 104) over a time interval is determined.

Method according to claim 3,

in which the power over the time interval is determined by means of a processing unit (106) of the household appliance (100),

- wherein the processing unit (106) controls the at least one consumer (101 to 104) by means of an activation signal and

- wherein the duration of the activation and an associated power consumption by the processing unit (106) is determined by means of the previously stored information.

Method according to claim 4,

- Wherein the activation signal corresponds to an operating mode of the at least one consumer (101 to 104).

Method according to one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the power is determined by means of a provided by the at least one consumer size.

Method according to claim 6, wherein the size provided by the at least one consumer (101 to 104) comprises one of the following possibilities:

a measurand,

- a manipulated variable. Method according to one of the preceding claims, in which the previously stored information comprises at least one of the following information:

- one power per time or per switching operation;

a current per time or per switching operation;

- a power or a current depending on a manipulated variable or a measured variable;

a resistance;

- a characteristic or a characteristic field.

Method according to one of the preceding claims, in which the previously stored information comprises a mains voltage.

Method according to one of the preceding claims, in which the previously stored information is normalized to a predetermined mains voltage.

The method of claim 10, wherein the determined power or a determined over a period of time power to a power manager (1 10) is transmitted.

Method according to Claim 10, in which the transmitted power or the power determined over a period of time is corrected by the energy manager (1 10) on the basis of a determined mains voltage.

Method according to one of the preceding claims, in which the previously stored information has been determined by a customer before initial startup and stored in the household appliance (100).

Method according to one of the preceding claims, in which the information stored in advance is provided as a function of at least one of the following parameters:

- an operating age of the household appliance,

- an age of a consumer,

a temperature of the consumer,

a temperature of the environment,

- a moisture. Device for determining the power of a household appliance (100) with a processing unit, which is designed in such a way

that the power of the household appliance (100) is determined by means of a previously stored information.