WO2014080365A1 - Method of reducing an unpleasant odor of a pharmaceutical composition - Google Patents

Method of reducing an unpleasant odor of a pharmaceutical composition Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014080365A1
WO2014080365A1 PCT/IB2013/060319 IB2013060319W WO2014080365A1 WO 2014080365 A1 WO2014080365 A1 WO 2014080365A1 IB 2013060319 W IB2013060319 W IB 2013060319W WO 2014080365 A1 WO2014080365 A1 WO 2014080365A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pharmaceutical composition
unpleasant odor
melt
composition according
hot
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2013/060319
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Anupam Trehan
Sumit Gupta
Vikas Batra
Rajesh Rao
Vinod Kumar Arora
Original Assignee
Ranbaxy Laboratories Limited
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of WO2014080365A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014080365A1/en

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
    • A61K9/2004—Excipients; Inactive ingredients
    • A61K9/2022—Organic macromolecular compounds
    • A61K9/2027—Organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyvinyl pyrrolidone, poly(meth)acrylates
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/13—Amines
    • A61K31/131—Amines acyclic
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/13—Amines
    • A61K31/135—Amines having aromatic rings, e.g. ketamine, nortriptyline
    • A61K31/137—Arylalkylamines, e.g. amphetamine, epinephrine, salbutamol, ephedrine or methadone
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/185—Acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof, e.g. sulfur acids, imidic, hydrazonic or hydroximic acids
    • A61K31/19—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid
    • A61K31/195—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having an amino group
    • A61K31/197—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having an amino group the amino and the carboxyl groups being attached to the same acyclic carbon chain, e.g. gamma-aminobutyric acid [GABA], beta-alanine, epsilon-aminocaproic acid or pantothenic acid
    • A61K31/198—Alpha-amino acids, e.g. alanine or edetic acid [EDTA]
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
    • A61K31/4164—1,3-Diazoles
    • A61K31/4178—1,3-Diazoles not condensed 1,3-diazoles and containing further heterocyclic rings, e.g. pilocarpine, nitrofurantoin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
    • A61K31/4245—Oxadiazoles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
    • A61K9/2004—Excipients; Inactive ingredients
    • A61K9/2022—Organic macromolecular compounds
    • A61K9/2031—Organic macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyethylene glycol, polyethylene oxide, poloxamers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
    • A61K9/2095—Tabletting processes; Dosage units made by direct compression of powders or specially processed granules, by eliminating solvents, by melt-extrusion, by injection molding, by 3D printing

Definitions

  • the present invention recites a method for reducing an unpleasant odor of a pharmaceutical composition using a hot-melt extrusion process, wherein the
  • composition comprises an active pharmaceutical ingredient with an unpleasant odor and a melt-processable polymer.
  • Odor is one of the key parameters that determines palatability and patient compliance for oral pharmaceutical compositions. Unpleasant odors reduce patient compliance, particularly in pediatric populations. Further, such products may fail during blinded clinical trials, as these products can be easily differentiated from the placebo.
  • compositions be essentially free of odor.
  • Active pharmaceutical ingredients having an unpleasant odor include bupropion, isometheptene, bucillamine, valerian extracts, garlic pearls, azilsartan medoxomil, and olmesartan medoxomil.
  • U.S. Patent No. 6,667,059 discloses methods of masking or reducing the detectable presence of characteristic odors of pharmaceutical compositions comprising valerian extracts by applying a coating to said compositions.
  • European Patent No. EP 1 990 052 discloses that gradual hydrolysis of azilsartan medoxomil leads to formation of a medoxomil ester which has a characteristic odor. It also discloses a method of decreasing this odor using desiccants in the pharmaceutical package.
  • European Patent No. EP 2 068 812 discloses a method of reducing an unpleasant odor of a pharmaceutical preparation comprising azilsartan medoxomil or a salt thereof by using a chemical absorption-type desiccant. Azilsartan medoxomil tablets are
  • HDPE high-density polyethylene
  • the present invention provides an alternative method of reducing an unpleasant odor of a pharmaceutical composition using a hot-melt extrusion process wherein the composition comprises an active pharmaceutical ingredient with an unpleasant odor and a melt-processable polymer.
  • a first aspect of the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising an active pharmaceutical ingredient with an unpleasant odor and a melt- processable polymer, wherein said composition is prepared by a hot-melt extrusion process.
  • the active pharmaceutical ingredient with an unpleasant odor is selected from the group consisting of bupropion,
  • the active pharmaceutical ingredient with an unpleasant odor is azilsartan medoxomil.
  • the active pharmaceutical ingredient with an unpleasant odor is present in an amount of 15% w/w to 50% w/w.
  • the pharmaceutical composition is a solid oral dosage form in the form of tablets, capsules, pills, caplets, granules, or pellets.
  • the melt-processable polymer is selected from the group consisting of cellulosic polymers, polymeric ether/ester of a polyhydric alcohol, polymethylmethacrylates (butylated methacrylate copolymer of polymethyl methacrylates), polyvinyl pyrrolidone, copolymer of polyvinyl pyrrolidone and vinylacetate, i.e., copovidone (Kollidon ® VA 64), polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate -polyethelyene glycol (Soluplus ® ).
  • the amount of melt-processable polymers used ranges from 20% w/w to 60% w/w.
  • a second aspect of the present invention provides a method of reducing an unpleasant odor of a pharmaceutical composition using a hot-melt extrusion process wherein the composition comprises an active pharmaceutical ingredient with an unpleasant odor and a melt-processable polymer.
  • the present invention provides a method of reducing an unpleasant odor of a pharmaceutical composition wherein said pharmaceutical composition is prepared by a process comprising the steps of:
  • step b) melting the blend of step a);
  • step c) extruding the blend of step b) in a hot-melt extruder to obtain an extrudate; d) milling the extrudate of step c), and blending with one or more
  • step d) compressing the blend of step d) into a suitable sized tablet or filling the blend of step d) into suitable sized capsules.
  • the one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients are selected from the group consisting of diluents, binders, disintegrants, plasticizers, antioxidants, or lubricants. These excipients may be added intragranularly or extragranularly in the pharmaceutical composition.
  • hot-melt extrusion refers to a process wherein the active pharmaceutical ingredient, suitable polymers, and other excipients are fed into the heated barrel, mixed by the rotating screw element, and extruded through the die attached at the end of the barrel.
  • the materials inside the barrel are heated mainly by the heat generated due to the shearing effect of the rotating screw and the heat conducted from the heated barrel.
  • the extrudates are milled, and may be further processed to obtain various pharmaceutical compositions.
  • active pharmaceutical ingredient with an unpleasant odor refers to an active pharmaceutical ingredient, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, with an undesirable odor which may influence patient compliance.
  • an active pharmaceutical ingredient with an unpleasant odor used in the present invention is azilsartan medoxomil or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable salt of azilsartan medoxomil is the monopotassium salt of azilsartan medoxomil or azilsartan kamedoxomil.
  • amilsartan kamedoxomil refers to (5 methyl-2-oxo-l,3-dioxol- 4-yl)methyl 2-ethoxy- l- ⁇ [2'-(5-oxo-4, 5-dihydro-l,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)biphenyl- 4yl]methyl ⁇ -lH-benzimidazole-7-carboxylate monopotassium salt.
  • the medoxomil group may gradually hydrolyze from the drug to form the medoxomil ester, which may emit an unpleasant odor.
  • Azilsartan medoxomil, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof may be present in crystalline or amorphous forms.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable salts include salts with inorganic bases and organic bases.
  • Inorganic bases include salts with alkali metals such as sodium, potassium, or alkaline earth metals such as calcium, magnesium, or potassium.
  • Organic bases include salts of tromethamine [tris
  • azilsartan medoxomil i.e., azilsartan kamedoxomil.
  • concentration of azilsartan kamedoxomil used ranges from 15% w/w to 50% w/w.
  • the active pharmaceutical ingredient with an unpleasant odor of the present invention may be used in combination with one or more other therapeutic agents.
  • These therapeutic agents include antihypertensive agents or hypoglycemic agents.
  • Antihypertensive agents may be further selected from diuretics, calcium channel blockers (CCB), and ACE inhibitors.
  • Diuretics include chlorothalidone, chlorothiazide, hydrochlorothiazide, and methylclothiazide.
  • CCBs include amlodipine, felodipine, ryosidine, isradipine, lacidipine, nicardipine, nifedipine, iguldipine, niludipine, nimodipine, nisoldipine, nitrendipine, nivaldipine, flunarizine, prenylamine, diltiazam, fendiline, gallopamil, mibefradil, anipamil, tiapamil, verapamil, or, in each case, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • ACE inhibitors include alacepril, benazepril, benazeprilat, captopril, ceronapril, cilazapril, delapril, enalapril, enaprilat, fosinopril, imidapril, lisinopril, moveltopril, perindopril, quinapril, ramipril, spirapril, temocapril, trandolapril, or, in each case, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • Hypoglycemic agents include repaglinide, nateglinide, glimepiridum,
  • glibenclamidum gliclazidum, glipizidum, glibornuridum, metformin, miglitol, acarbose, muraglitazar, pioglitazone, rosiglitazone, tesaglitazar or, in each case, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • reducing when used to refer to an unpleasant odor, refers to any observable lessening of the unpleasant odor when the method or composition of the present invention is compared to compositions prepared by a process other than hot- melt extrusion.
  • extrudate refers to products obtained from hot-melt extrusion which may be further processed to obtain various pharmaceutical compositions.
  • melt-processable polymers refers to the group consisting of cellulosic polymers, polymeric ethers/esters of a polyhydric alcohol, polymethylmethacrylates (butylated methacrylate copolymer of polymethyl
  • polyvinyl pyrrolidone polyvinyl pyrrolidone, copolymer of polyvinyl pyrrolidone and vinylacetate, i.e., copovidone (Kollidon ® VA 64), polyvinyl caprolactam-poly vinyl acetate -polyethelyene glycol (Soluplus ).
  • copovidone Kerdon ® VA 64
  • polyvinyl caprolactam-poly vinyl acetate -polyethelyene glycol Soluplus .
  • the amount of melt-processable polymers used ranges from 20% w/w to 60% w/w.
  • antioxidant is intended to mean an agent that inhibits oxidation, and therefore prevents the deterioration of pharmaceutical preparations by oxidation due to the presence of oxygen free radicals or free metals in the composition.
  • Antioxidants are optionally added to the composition And are selected from the group consisting of ascorbic acid, butylated hydroxyl anisole, butylated hydroxyl toluene, or mixtures thereof.
  • the amount of antioxidant used ranges from 0.01% w/w to 15% w/w.
  • plasticizer is intended to mean agents which are added to facilitate the extrusion of the extrudate in a hot-melt extruder. Plasticizers lower the glass transition temperature and melt viscosity of the extrudate. Plasticizer is selected from the group consisting of propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide like Poloxamer 188, (Kolliphor ® P 188), Poloxamer 407, (Kolliphor ® P 407), macrogolglycerol hydroxystearate (Cremophor ® ), glycerin diethyl phthalate, tributyl citrate, triethyl citrate, d-a tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate, dibutyl sebacate, or mixtures thereof. The amount of plasticizer used ranges from 5% w/w to 20% w/w.
  • the diluent is selected from the group consisting of starch, lactose, sucrose, maltodextrin, microcrystalline cellulose, lactose, dextrose, sucrose, mannitol, sorbitol, xylitol, isomalt, erythritol, or mixtures thereof.
  • the amount of diluent used ranges from 5% w/w to 40% w/w.
  • the lubricant is selected from the group consisting of magnesium stearate, calcium stearate, sodium stearyl fumarate, stearic acid, talc, or mixtures thereof.
  • the amount of lubricant used ranges from 0.5% w/w to 5% w/w.
  • the disintegrant is selected from the group consisting of crospovidone, sodium starch glycolate, croscarmellose, pregelatinized starch, microcrystallme cellulose, calcium carboxymethyl cellulose, low substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose, magnesium aluminum silicate, or mixtures thereof.
  • the amount of disintegrant used ranges from 1% w/w to 15% w/w.
  • the binder is selected from the group consisting of alginic acid; sodium alginate; cellulose derivatives such as carboxy methyl cellulose sodium, microcrystallme cellulose, or methylcellulose; gelatin; povidone; starch; pregelatinized starch; or mixtures thereof.
  • the amount of binders used ranges from 5% w/w to 40% w/w.
  • the pharmaceutical composition may be further coated with a functional or nonfunctional coating.
  • the coating composition may comprise pharmaceutically acceptable excipients such as binders, plasticizers, coloring agents, and opacifiers.
  • the total weight gain after coating may be about 1% w/w to about 15% w/w of uncoated composition.
  • binders for coating include cellulose or cellulose derivatives such as carboxy methyl cellulose sodium, alginic acid or sodium alginate, microcrystallme cellulose, methylcellulose, gelatin, povidone, starch, or pregelatinized starch.
  • plasticizers for coating include propylene glycol, triethyl citrate, tributyl citrate, dibutyl sebacate, triacetin, polyethylene glycol, diethyl phthalate, or acetylated monoglycerides.
  • opacifiers for coating examples include titanium dioxide, talc, calcium carbonate, behenic acid, or cetyl alcohol.
  • coloring agents for coating include FDA approved colorants such as iron oxide, Lake of Tartrazine, Allura Red, Lake of Quinoline Yellow, Lake of
  • Erythrosine or titanium dioxide.
  • Suitable solvents for the coating include water, ethanol, methanol, isopropyl alcohol, dichloromethane, acetone, or mixture thereof.
  • step 2 The blend of step 1 was melted and extruded in a hot-melt extruder to obtain an extrudate.
  • step 3 The extrudate of step 2 was milled and blended with crospovidone and
  • microcrystalline cellulose microcrystalline cellulose
  • step 3 The blend of step 3 was compressed to obtain suitable sized tablets.
  • the azilsartan kamedoxomil tablets obtained were found to have a reduced odor as compared to azilsartan kamedoxomil.
  • step 1 The blend of step 1 is melted and extruded in a hot-melt extruder to obtain an extrudate.
  • step 3 The extrudate of step 2 is milled and blended with mannitol, crospovidone, and magnesium stearate.
  • step 3 The blend of step 3 is compressed to obtain suitable sized tablets.
  • Azilsartan kamedoxomil, poloxamer 188 (Kolliphor P 188), and copolymer of polyethylene glycol, polyvinylcaprolactam, and polyvinylacetate (Soluplus ) are blended.
  • step 2 The blend of step 1 is melted and extruded in a hot-melt extruder to obtain an extrudate.
  • step 3 The extrudate of step 2 is milled and blended with mannitol, crospovidone, and magnesium stearate.
  • step 3 The blend of step 3 is compressed to obtain suitable sized tablets.
  • step 2 The blend of step 1 is melted and extruded in a hot-melt extruder to obtain an extrudate.
  • step 3 The extrudate of step 2 is milled and mixed with mannitol, crospovidone, and magnesium stearate.
  • step 2 The blend of step 1 is melted and extruded in a hot-melt extruder to obtain an extrudate.
  • step 3 The extrudate of step 2 is milled and blended with microcrystalline cellulose, crospovidone, and magnesium stearate.
  • step 3 The blend of step 3 is compressed to obtain suitable sized tablets.

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  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a method of reducing an unpleasant odor of a pharmaceutical composition using a hot-melt extrusion process wherein the composition comprises an active pharmaceutical ingredient with an unpleasant odor and a melt- processable polymer.

Description

METHOD OF REDUCING AN UNPLEASANT ODOR OF A
PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITION
Field of the Invention
The present invention recites a method for reducing an unpleasant odor of a pharmaceutical composition using a hot-melt extrusion process, wherein the
pharmaceutical composition comprises an active pharmaceutical ingredient with an unpleasant odor and a melt-processable polymer.
Background of the Invention
Odor is one of the key parameters that determines palatability and patient compliance for oral pharmaceutical compositions. Unpleasant odors reduce patient compliance, particularly in pediatric populations. Further, such products may fail during blinded clinical trials, as these products can be easily differentiated from the placebo.
Thus, it is important that pharmaceutical compositions be essentially free of odor. Active pharmaceutical ingredients having an unpleasant odor include bupropion, isometheptene, bucillamine, valerian extracts, garlic pearls, azilsartan medoxomil, and olmesartan medoxomil.
Several attempts have been made in the past to reduce the unpleasant odor of such active pharmaceutical ingredients. U.S. Patent No. 6,667,059 discloses methods of masking or reducing the detectable presence of characteristic odors of pharmaceutical compositions comprising valerian extracts by applying a coating to said compositions.
European Patent No. EP 1 990 052 discloses that gradual hydrolysis of azilsartan medoxomil leads to formation of a medoxomil ester which has a characteristic odor. It also discloses a method of decreasing this odor using desiccants in the pharmaceutical package. European Patent No. EP 2 068 812 discloses a method of reducing an unpleasant odor of a pharmaceutical preparation comprising azilsartan medoxomil or a salt thereof by using a chemical absorption-type desiccant. Azilsartan medoxomil tablets are
commercially supplied in high-density polyethylene (HDPE) bottles having a desiccant sachet in addition to a desiccant canister mounted on the closure.
Summary of the Invention
The present invention provides an alternative method of reducing an unpleasant odor of a pharmaceutical composition using a hot-melt extrusion process wherein the composition comprises an active pharmaceutical ingredient with an unpleasant odor and a melt-processable polymer.
Detailed Description of the Invention
A first aspect of the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising an active pharmaceutical ingredient with an unpleasant odor and a melt- processable polymer, wherein said composition is prepared by a hot-melt extrusion process.
According to one embodiment of this aspect, the active pharmaceutical ingredient with an unpleasant odor is selected from the group consisting of bupropion,
isometheptene, bucillamine, valerian extracts, garlic pearls, azilsartan medoxomil, olmesartan medoxomil, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
According to another embodiment of this aspect, the active pharmaceutical ingredient with an unpleasant odor is azilsartan medoxomil.
According to another embodiment of this aspect, the active pharmaceutical ingredient with an unpleasant odor is present in an amount of 15% w/w to 50% w/w.
According to another embodiment of this aspect, the pharmaceutical composition is a solid oral dosage form in the form of tablets, capsules, pills, caplets, granules, or pellets.
According to yet another embodiment of this aspect, the melt-processable polymer is selected from the group consisting of cellulosic polymers, polymeric ether/ester of a polyhydric alcohol, polymethylmethacrylates (butylated methacrylate copolymer of polymethyl methacrylates), polyvinyl pyrrolidone, copolymer of polyvinyl pyrrolidone and vinylacetate, i.e., copovidone (Kollidon® VA 64), polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate -polyethelyene glycol (Soluplus®). The amount of melt-processable polymers used ranges from 20% w/w to 60% w/w.
A second aspect of the present invention provides a method of reducing an unpleasant odor of a pharmaceutical composition using a hot-melt extrusion process wherein the composition comprises an active pharmaceutical ingredient with an unpleasant odor and a melt-processable polymer.
According to one embodiment of this aspect, the present invention provides a method of reducing an unpleasant odor of a pharmaceutical composition wherein said pharmaceutical composition is prepared by a process comprising the steps of:
a) Blending an active pharmaceutical ingredient with an unpleasant odor with one or more melt-processable polymers;
b) melting the blend of step a);
c) extruding the blend of step b) in a hot-melt extruder to obtain an extrudate; d) milling the extrudate of step c), and blending with one or more
pharmaceutically acceptable excipients; and
e) compressing the blend of step d) into a suitable sized tablet or filling the blend of step d) into suitable sized capsules.
According to another embodiment of this aspect, the one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients are selected from the group consisting of diluents, binders, disintegrants, plasticizers, antioxidants, or lubricants. These excipients may be added intragranularly or extragranularly in the pharmaceutical composition.
As used herein, the term "hot-melt extrusion" refers to a process wherein the active pharmaceutical ingredient, suitable polymers, and other excipients are fed into the heated barrel, mixed by the rotating screw element, and extruded through the die attached at the end of the barrel. The materials inside the barrel are heated mainly by the heat generated due to the shearing effect of the rotating screw and the heat conducted from the heated barrel. The extrudates are milled, and may be further processed to obtain various pharmaceutical compositions.
As used herein, the term "active pharmaceutical ingredient with an unpleasant odor" refers to an active pharmaceutical ingredient, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, with an undesirable odor which may influence patient compliance.
A particular example of an active pharmaceutical ingredient with an unpleasant odor used in the present invention is azilsartan medoxomil or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. Preferably, the pharmaceutically acceptable salt of azilsartan medoxomil is the monopotassium salt of azilsartan medoxomil or azilsartan kamedoxomil. The term "azilsartan kamedoxomil", as used herein, refers to (5 methyl-2-oxo-l,3-dioxol- 4-yl)methyl 2-ethoxy- l- {[2'-(5-oxo-4, 5-dihydro-l,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)biphenyl- 4yl]methyl}-lH-benzimidazole-7-carboxylate monopotassium salt. The medoxomil group may gradually hydrolyze from the drug to form the medoxomil ester, which may emit an unpleasant odor. Azilsartan medoxomil, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, may be present in crystalline or amorphous forms. The pharmaceutically acceptable salts include salts with inorganic bases and organic bases. Inorganic bases include salts with alkali metals such as sodium, potassium, or alkaline earth metals such as calcium, magnesium, or potassium. Organic bases include salts of tromethamine [tris
(hydroxymethyl)methylamine], trimethylamine, triethylamine, tertiary butylamine, pyridine, picoline, ethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine and dicyclohexylamine. A particular example is the potassium salt of azilsartan medoxomil, i.e., azilsartan kamedoxomil. The concentration of azilsartan kamedoxomil used ranges from 15% w/w to 50% w/w.
The active pharmaceutical ingredient with an unpleasant odor of the present invention may be used in combination with one or more other therapeutic agents. These therapeutic agents include antihypertensive agents or hypoglycemic agents.
Antihypertensive agents may be further selected from diuretics, calcium channel blockers (CCB), and ACE inhibitors.
Diuretics include chlorothalidone, chlorothiazide, hydrochlorothiazide, and methylclothiazide.
CCBs include amlodipine, felodipine, ryosidine, isradipine, lacidipine, nicardipine, nifedipine, iguldipine, niludipine, nimodipine, nisoldipine, nitrendipine, nivaldipine, flunarizine, prenylamine, diltiazam, fendiline, gallopamil, mibefradil, anipamil, tiapamil, verapamil, or, in each case, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
ACE inhibitors include alacepril, benazepril, benazeprilat, captopril, ceronapril, cilazapril, delapril, enalapril, enaprilat, fosinopril, imidapril, lisinopril, moveltopril, perindopril, quinapril, ramipril, spirapril, temocapril, trandolapril, or, in each case, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
Hypoglycemic agents include repaglinide, nateglinide, glimepiridum,
glibenclamidum, gliclazidum, glipizidum, glibornuridum, metformin, miglitol, acarbose, muraglitazar, pioglitazone, rosiglitazone, tesaglitazar or, in each case, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
As used herein, the term "reducing" when used to refer to an unpleasant odor, refers to any observable lessening of the unpleasant odor when the method or composition of the present invention is compared to compositions prepared by a process other than hot- melt extrusion.
As used herein, the term "extrudate" refers to products obtained from hot-melt extrusion which may be further processed to obtain various pharmaceutical compositions.
As used herein, the term "melt-processable polymers" refers to the group consisting of cellulosic polymers, polymeric ethers/esters of a polyhydric alcohol, polymethylmethacrylates (butylated methacrylate copolymer of polymethyl
methacrylates), polyvinyl pyrrolidone, copolymer of polyvinyl pyrrolidone and vinylacetate, i.e., copovidone (Kollidon® VA 64), polyvinyl caprolactam-poly vinyl acetate -polyethelyene glycol (Soluplus ). The amount of melt-processable polymers used ranges from 20% w/w to 60% w/w.
As used herein, the term "antioxidant" is intended to mean an agent that inhibits oxidation, and therefore prevents the deterioration of pharmaceutical preparations by oxidation due to the presence of oxygen free radicals or free metals in the composition. Antioxidants are optionally added to the composition And are selected from the group consisting of ascorbic acid, butylated hydroxyl anisole, butylated hydroxyl toluene, or mixtures thereof. The amount of antioxidant used ranges from 0.01% w/w to 15% w/w.
As used herein, the term "plasticizer" is intended to mean agents which are added to facilitate the extrusion of the extrudate in a hot-melt extruder. Plasticizers lower the glass transition temperature and melt viscosity of the extrudate. Plasticizer is selected from the group consisting of propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide like Poloxamer 188, (Kolliphor® P 188), Poloxamer 407, (Kolliphor® P 407), macrogolglycerol hydroxystearate (Cremophor®), glycerin diethyl phthalate, tributyl citrate, triethyl citrate, d-a tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate, dibutyl sebacate, or mixtures thereof. The amount of plasticizer used ranges from 5% w/w to 20% w/w.
The diluent is selected from the group consisting of starch, lactose, sucrose, maltodextrin, microcrystalline cellulose, lactose, dextrose, sucrose, mannitol, sorbitol, xylitol, isomalt, erythritol, or mixtures thereof. The amount of diluent used ranges from 5% w/w to 40% w/w.
The lubricant is selected from the group consisting of magnesium stearate, calcium stearate, sodium stearyl fumarate, stearic acid, talc, or mixtures thereof. The amount of lubricant used ranges from 0.5% w/w to 5% w/w.
The disintegrant is selected from the group consisting of crospovidone, sodium starch glycolate, croscarmellose, pregelatinized starch, microcrystallme cellulose, calcium carboxymethyl cellulose, low substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose, magnesium aluminum silicate, or mixtures thereof. The amount of disintegrant used ranges from 1% w/w to 15% w/w.
The binder is selected from the group consisting of alginic acid; sodium alginate; cellulose derivatives such as carboxy methyl cellulose sodium, microcrystallme cellulose, or methylcellulose; gelatin; povidone; starch; pregelatinized starch; or mixtures thereof. The amount of binders used ranges from 5% w/w to 40% w/w.
The pharmaceutical composition may be further coated with a functional or nonfunctional coating. The coating composition may comprise pharmaceutically acceptable excipients such as binders, plasticizers, coloring agents, and opacifiers. The total weight gain after coating may be about 1% w/w to about 15% w/w of uncoated composition.
Examples of binders for coating include cellulose or cellulose derivatives such as carboxy methyl cellulose sodium, alginic acid or sodium alginate, microcrystallme cellulose, methylcellulose, gelatin, povidone, starch, or pregelatinized starch.
Examples of plasticizers for coating include propylene glycol, triethyl citrate, tributyl citrate, dibutyl sebacate, triacetin, polyethylene glycol, diethyl phthalate, or acetylated monoglycerides.
Examples of opacifiers for coating include titanium dioxide, talc, calcium carbonate, behenic acid, or cetyl alcohol.
Examples of coloring agents for coating include FDA approved colorants such as iron oxide, Lake of Tartrazine, Allura Red, Lake of Quinoline Yellow, Lake of
Erythrosine, or titanium dioxide.
Suitable solvents for the coating include water, ethanol, methanol, isopropyl alcohol, dichloromethane, acetone, or mixture thereof.
The invention is further illustrated by the following non- limiting examples. EXAMPLES
Example 1 :
Figure imgf000008_0001
Manufacturing Process
1. Azilsartan kamedoxomil, copovidone (Kollidon VA 64), and d-a tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate were blended.
2. The blend of step 1 was melted and extruded in a hot-melt extruder to obtain an extrudate.
3. The extrudate of step 2 was milled and blended with crospovidone and
microcrystalline cellulose.
4. The blend of step 3 was compressed to obtain suitable sized tablets.
The azilsartan kamedoxomil tablets obtained were found to have a reduced odor as compared to azilsartan kamedoxomil.
Example 2:
Figure imgf000008_0002
Manufacturing Process:
Azilsartan kamedoxomil, poloxamer 407 (Kolliphor P 407), and copolymer of polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl caprolactam, and polyvinyl acetate (Soluplus®)are blended.
The blend of step 1 is melted and extruded in a hot-melt extruder to obtain an extrudate.
3. The extrudate of step 2 is milled and blended with mannitol, crospovidone, and magnesium stearate.
4. The blend of step 3 is compressed to obtain suitable sized tablets.
Example 3 :
Figure imgf000009_0001
Manufacturing Process:
1. Azilsartan kamedoxomil, poloxamer 188 (Kolliphor P 188), and copolymer of polyethylene glycol, polyvinylcaprolactam, and polyvinylacetate (Soluplus ) are blended.
2. The blend of step 1 is melted and extruded in a hot-melt extruder to obtain an extrudate.
3. The extrudate of step 2 is milled and blended with mannitol, crospovidone, and magnesium stearate.
4. The blend of step 3 is compressed to obtain suitable sized tablets.
Example 4:
Figure imgf000009_0002
Manufacturing Process:
1. Azilsartan kamedoxomil, d-a tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate and copolymer of polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl caprolactam, and polyvinyl acetate (Soluplus®) are blended.
2. The blend of step 1 is melted and extruded in a hot-melt extruder to obtain an extrudate.
3. The extrudate of step 2 is milled and mixed with mannitol, crospovidone, and magnesium stearate.
Example 5:
Figure imgf000010_0001
Manufacturing Process:
1. Azilsartan kamedoxomil, d-a tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate, and copolymer of polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl caprolactam, and polyvinyl acetate (Soluplus®) are blended.
2. The blend of step 1 is melted and extruded in a hot-melt extruder to obtain an extrudate.
3. The extrudate of step 2 is milled and blended with microcrystalline cellulose, crospovidone, and magnesium stearate.
4. The blend of step 3 is compressed to obtain suitable sized tablets.

Claims

We claim:
1. A pharmaceutical composition comprising an active pharmaceutical ingredient with an unpleasant odor and a melt-processable polymer, wherein said composition is prepared by a hot-melt extrusion process.
2. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1, wherein said composition has a reduced unpleasant odor.
3. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1, wherein the active pharmaceutical ingredient with an unpleasant odor is selected from the group consisting of bupropion, isometheptene, bucillamine, valerian extracts, garlic pearls, azilsartan medoxomil, olmesartan medoxomil, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
4. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 3, wherein the active pharmaceutical ingredient with an unpleasant odor is azilsartan medoxomil or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
5. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1, wherein the active pharmaceutical ingredient with an unpleasant odor is present in a range from 15% w/w to 50% w/w.
6. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1, wherein the melt- processable polymer is selected from the group consisting of one or more of cellulosic polymers, polymeric ether/ester of a polyhydric alcohol, polymethylmethacrylates, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, copolymer of polyvinyl pyrrolidone and vinyl acetate and polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethelyene glycol.
7. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1, wherein the melt- processable polymer is present in a range from 20% w/w to 60% w/w.
8. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1, wherein the composition is in the form of tablets, capsules, pills, caplets, granules, or pellets.
9. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1, wherein the hot-melt extrusion process comprises the steps of:
a) blending an active pharmaceutical ingredient with an unpleasant odor with one or more melt-processable polymers;
b) melting the blend of step a) in a hot-melt extruder; c) extruding the blend of step b) to obtain an extrudate;
milling the extrudate of step c) and blending with at least
pharmaceutically acceptable excipient; and
e) compressing the blend of step d) into a suitable sized tablet or filling the blend of step d) into suitable sized capsules.
10. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 9, wherein the at least one pharmaceutically acceptable excipient is selected from the group consisting of diluents, binders, disintegrants, plasticizers, antioxidants, or lubricants.
1 1. A method of reducing an unpleasant odor of a pharmaceutical composition using a hot-melt extrusion process wherein the composition comprises an active pharmaceutical ingredient with an unpleasant odor and a melt-processable polymer.
PCT/IB2013/060319 2012-11-23 2013-11-21 Method of reducing an unpleasant odor of a pharmaceutical composition WO2014080365A1 (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20160008328A1 (en) * 2014-07-11 2016-01-14 Cadila Healthcare Limited Stable Pharmaceutical Package Comprising Azilsartan Medoxomil
JP2016044170A (en) * 2014-08-27 2016-04-04 日本ケミファ株式会社 Olmesartan prodrug formulation
WO2016145622A1 (en) * 2015-03-18 2016-09-22 武汉朗来科技发展有限公司 Benzimidazole derivatives, preparation method therefor and medicinal use thereof
CN106214649A (en) * 2016-08-30 2016-12-14 佛山市弘泰药物研发有限公司 A kind of Azilsartan potassium salt solid dispersion preparation and preparation method thereof

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WO2009057569A1 (en) * 2007-10-29 2009-05-07 Daiichi Sankyo Company, Limited Film-coated preparation
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US6667059B2 (en) 1999-12-30 2003-12-23 Ancile Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Odor-masking coating for a pharmaceutical preparation
EP1990052A1 (en) 2006-02-27 2008-11-12 Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited Pharmaceutical package
WO2008017867A2 (en) * 2006-08-10 2008-02-14 Cipla Limited Antiretroviral solid oral composition with at least one water insoluble polymer
WO2008026044A2 (en) * 2006-08-31 2008-03-06 Wockhardt Research Centre Pharmaceutical compositions of bupropion
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WO2009057569A1 (en) * 2007-10-29 2009-05-07 Daiichi Sankyo Company, Limited Film-coated preparation

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20160008328A1 (en) * 2014-07-11 2016-01-14 Cadila Healthcare Limited Stable Pharmaceutical Package Comprising Azilsartan Medoxomil
JP2016044170A (en) * 2014-08-27 2016-04-04 日本ケミファ株式会社 Olmesartan prodrug formulation
WO2016145622A1 (en) * 2015-03-18 2016-09-22 武汉朗来科技发展有限公司 Benzimidazole derivatives, preparation method therefor and medicinal use thereof
US9708306B2 (en) 2015-03-18 2017-07-18 Wuhan Ll Science And Technology Development Co., Ltd Benzimidazole derivatives and preparation process and pharmaceutical uses thereof
CN106214649A (en) * 2016-08-30 2016-12-14 佛山市弘泰药物研发有限公司 A kind of Azilsartan potassium salt solid dispersion preparation and preparation method thereof

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