WO2014079007A1 - 充电装置及其充电控制方法 - Google Patents

充电装置及其充电控制方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014079007A1
WO2014079007A1 PCT/CN2012/085000 CN2012085000W WO2014079007A1 WO 2014079007 A1 WO2014079007 A1 WO 2014079007A1 CN 2012085000 W CN2012085000 W CN 2012085000W WO 2014079007 A1 WO2014079007 A1 WO 2014079007A1
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Prior art keywords
pulse
power supply
relay
rechargeable battery
circuit
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PCT/CN2012/085000
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王晓东
Original Assignee
李咏
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Priority to PCT/CN2012/085000 priority Critical patent/WO2014079007A1/zh
Publication of WO2014079007A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014079007A1/zh

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0031Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using battery or load disconnect circuits

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of charging technologies, and in particular, to a charging device and a charging control method thereof.
  • the existing charging device is often provided with a relay K, which is connected to the charging device when charging the rechargeable battery, and disconnects the charging battery from the charging device when fully charged. Stop charging.
  • the existing relay driving circuit is usually driven directly by a high level or a low level.
  • an abnormal high level or low level is applied to the relay driving circuit.
  • the relay ⁇ cannot be disconnected in time, and there are safety problems such as overheating, fire, smoke and explosion.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the embodiment of the present invention is to provide a charging device and a charging control method thereof for controlling the disconnection of the charging battery from the charging device and stopping charging when the rechargeable battery is fully charged to eliminate the safety hazard.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a charging apparatus including a power supply unit for charging an external rechargeable battery, and an output terminal connected to the power supply unit and the rechargeable battery.
  • a relay ⁇ that turns on or off an electrical connection between the power supply unit and the rechargeable battery
  • the charging device further includes: a state detecting module that connects and detects whether the rechargeable battery reaches a full state; a state detecting module, and a pulse generating module that generates a pulse signal when the rechargeable battery reaches a full state; and is connected between the pulse generating module and an input end of the relay ⁇ , driven by the pulse signal
  • a pulse driving circuit that disconnects the electrical connection between the power supply unit and the rechargeable battery by controlling the action of the relay ⁇ .
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a charging control method, the method comprising: a state detecting step: the state detecting module detects whether the charging battery reaches a full state; a pulse generating step: the pulse generating module is a pulse signal is generated when the rechargeable battery reaches a full state; and a pulse driving step: the pulse driving circuit is driven by the pulse signal to control the relay ⁇ action to disconnect the electrical connection between the power supply unit and the rechargeable battery.
  • the beneficial effects of the embodiment of the present invention are: a pulse driving circuit that disconnects the electrical connection between the power supply unit and the rechargeable battery by setting a pulse driving operation to control the relay ⁇ action, so that the rechargeable battery can be timely when fully charged Stop charging to eliminate safety hazards such as fire, smoke and explosion.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of functional modules of a charging device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a schematic diagram of the functional module shown in FIG. 1. detailed description
  • a charging device for charging an external rechargeable battery 100 includes a power supply unit 10, a relay 20, a microcontroller 30, and a pulse driving circuit 40.
  • the rechargeable battery 100 can be a rechargeable lithium battery, a lead-acid battery, a rechargeable nickel-cadmium battery, or a rechargeable nickel-hydrogen battery.
  • the power supply unit 10 is connected and converts the commercial power for supplying charging power to the external rechargeable battery 100.
  • the output of the relay K is connected to the power supply unit 10 and the rechargeable battery 100 for turning on or off an electrical connection between the power supply unit 10 and the rechargeable battery 100.
  • the microcontroller 30 is an integrated circuit integrated with a state detecting module 31 and a pulse generating module 33.
  • the state detecting module 31 connects and detects whether or not the rechargeable battery 100 has reached a full state. Specifically, the state detecting module 31 judges whether or not the full state is reached by detecting whether the current voltage of the rechargeable battery 100 or the current charging current reaches the rated value.
  • the pulse generation module 33 is coupled to the state detection module 31 and generates a pulse signal when the rechargeable battery 100 reaches a full state.
  • the pulse driving circuit 40 is connected between the pulse generating module 33 and the input end of the relay K, and is driven by the pulse signal to control the action of the relay ⁇ to disconnect the power supply unit 10 and the rechargeable battery 100. Electrical connection between.
  • the pulse driving circuit 40 includes a pulse conversion circuit and a power supply circuit.
  • a pulse conversion circuit is coupled to the pulse generation module 33 for converting the pulse signal into a DC signal.
  • the pulse conversion circuit further includes a filter DC sub-circuit coupled to the pulse generation module 33 and a rectification filter sub-circuit coupled to the filter DC sub-circuit.
  • the filter DC sub-circuit is composed of a first resistor R1 and a first capacitor C1 connected in series. One end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the pulse generating module 33, and the other end is connected to one end of the first capacitor C1.
  • the rectifying filter sub-circuit is a ring circuit composed of a first rectifying diode D1, a second rectifying diode D2 and a second capacitor C2 in series, and the two ends of the second capacitor C2 are respectively connected to the power supply circuit, and the first The other end of the capacitor C1 is also connected between the anode of the first rectifier diode D1 and the cathode of the second rectifier diode D2.
  • the power supply circuit is connected to the input of the pulse conversion circuit and the relay K for conducting under the control of the DC signal to provide the working power to the relay K.
  • the power supply circuit is composed of a power source VCC, a third diode D3, a first transistor Q1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, and a ground terminal.
  • the input end of the power supply VCC series relay K is connected to the collector of the first transistor Q1
  • the third two The pole tube D3 is connected in parallel to the input end of the relay K and the cathode is connected to the power source VCC
  • the anode is connected to the collector of the first transistor Q1
  • the base of the first transistor Q1 is connected to the first rectifier through the second resistor R2.
  • the cathode of the diode D1 is also connected to the emitter of the first transistor Q1 through a third resistor R3, which is connected to the anode of the second rectifier diode D2 and grounded.
  • the third diode D3 is for quickly consuming the back electromotive force of the coil of the relay K when the relay K is turned off to eliminate the influence of the back electromotive force on the first transistor Q1.
  • the working process of the charging device of the embodiment of the present invention is: when the state detecting module 31 detects that the rechargeable battery 100 reaches the full state, the pulse generating module 33 in the controller generates a pulse signal, and the corresponding pulse waveform passes.
  • the first capacitor C1 filters the DC component to obtain a positive and negative pulse waveform, and is rectified and filtered by the first rectifier diode D1, the second rectifier diode D2, and the second capacitor C2 to form a
  • the DC voltage is applied to the first transistor Q1 through the second resistor R2 and the third resistor R3, thereby turning on the first transistor Q1.
  • the power supply circuit is also turned on, and the relay ⁇ is operated. The action, in turn, disconnects the electrical connection between the power supply unit 10 and the rechargeable battery 100.
  • the output pin of the microcontroller 30 erroneously outputs a high level when the microcontroller 30 fails, relative to the way in which the conventional relay 20 drive circuit directly drives the operation with a high level or a low level. Or low level, the relay K can not be disconnected in time, and there are safety problems such as overcharge and fire, smoke and explosion.
  • the inventive embodiment solves this problem well by using the pulse drive circuit 40.
  • the pulse driving circuit 40 drives the relay K to be turned on only under the pulse signal of the microcontroller 30, and the pulse driving circuit 40 does not work even if the high level or the low level is continued, thereby avoiding overcharging of the rechargeable battery 100. The security problem caused.
  • the charging control method corresponding to the charging device of the embodiment of the present invention includes the following three steps:
  • the state detecting module 31 detects whether or not the rechargeable battery 100 has reached the full state.
  • Pulse generation step The pulse generation module 33 generates a pulse signal when the rechargeable battery 100 reaches a full state.
  • Pulse driving step The pulse driving circuit 40 is driven by the pulse signal to control the action of the relay K, and the relay ⁇ is controlled to cause the output to disconnect the electrical connection between the power supply unit 10 and the rechargeable battery 100, thereby stopping Charging, eliminating hidden dangers and ensuring safety.
  • pulse driving step further comprises the following three sub-steps:
  • Filter DC sub-step The DC component of the pulse signal generated by the pulse generation module 33 is filtered to obtain a positive and negative pulse waveform.
  • the rectification filtering sub-step rectifying and filtering the positive and negative pulse waveforms obtained by the filtering DC sub-step to form a DC voltage.
  • a conducting sub-step a DC voltage is applied to two pins of the triode (first transistor Q1) (base and emitter of the first transistor Q1) to turn on the transistor, The power supply circuit corresponding to the triode is also turned on, and the relay K is operated by the operating power.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

一种充电装置及其充电控制方法,充电装置包括:供电单元(10);继电器(20);连接并检测充电电池(100)是否达到充满状态的状态检测模块(31);连接于状态检测模块,并在充电电池达到充满状态时产生脉冲信号的脉冲产生模块(33);以及连接于脉冲产生模块和继电器的输入端之间的、由脉冲信号驱动工作以控制继电器动作而断开供电单元与充电电池之间的电连接的脉冲驱动电路(40)。由于采用脉冲驱动电路来控制继电器动作,从而断开供电单元与充电电池之间的电连接,从而充电电池充满时能够及时停止充电,以消除起火、冒烟及爆炸等安全隐患。

Description

充电装置及其充电控制方法 技术领域
[0001] 本发明创造涉及充电技术领域, 尤其涉及一种充电装置及其充电控制方法。
背景技术
[0002] 目前, 现有的充电装置多设有继电器 K, 所述继电器 Κ是在对充电电池充电时导通 其与充电装置的连接, 而在充满时断开充电电池与充电装置的连接以停止充电。
[0003] 然而, 现有的继电器驱动电路通常是用高电平或低电平直接来驱动工作的, 当电路 失效的时候, 会出现异常的高电平或低电平加到继电器驱动电路的情况, 导致继电器 κ 不 能及时断开, 出现过充而起火、 冒烟及爆炸等安全问题。
发明内容
[0004] 本发明创造实施例所要解决的技术问题在于, 提供一种充电电池充满时及时控制断 开充电电池与充电装置的连接停止充电, 以消除安全隐患的充电装置及其充电控制方法。
[0005] 为了解决上述技术问题, 本发明创造实施例提供了一种充电装置, 包括用于为外部 充电电池充电的供电单元, 以及输出端连接于所述供电单元和所述充电电池的、 用于导通或 断开所述供电单元与所述充电电池之间的电连接的继电器 κ, 所述充电装置还包括: 连接并 检测所述充电电池是否达到充满状态的状态检测模块; 连接于所述状态检测模块, 并在所述 充电电池达到充满状态时产生脉冲信号的脉冲产生模块; 及连接于所述脉冲产生模块和所述 继电器 κ的输入端之间的、 由所述脉冲信号驱动工作以控制所述继电器 κ动作而断开供电 单元与充电电池之间的电连接的脉冲驱动电路。
[0006] 另一方面, 本发明创造实施例还提供了一种充电控制方法, 所述方法包括: 状态检 测步骤: 状态检测模块检测判断充电电池是否达到充满状态; 脉冲产生步骤: 脉冲产生模块 在所述充电电池达到充满状态时产生脉冲信号; 及脉冲驱动步骤: 脉冲驱动电路由所述脉冲 信号驱动工作以控制继电器 Κ动作而断开供电单元与充电电池之间的电连接。
[0007] 本发明创造实施例的有益效果是: 通过采用设置由脉冲驱动工作以控制继电器 Κ 动 作而断开供电单元与充电电池之间的电连接的脉冲驱动电路, 从而充电电池充满时能够及时 停止充电, 以消除起火、 冒烟及爆炸等安全隐患。
附图说明
[0008] 图 1是本发明创造实施例的充电装置的功能模块示意图。
[0009] 图 2是图 1所示功能模块示意图的电路结构示意图。 具体实施方式
[0010] 需要说明的是, 在不冲突的情况下, 本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互 结合, 下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明创造作进一步详细说明。
[0011] 请参考图 1和图 2, 本发明创造实施例的用于为外部充电电池 100进行充电的充电装 置包括供电单元 10、 继电器 20、 微控制器 30及脉冲驱动电路 40。 其中, 充电电池 100可 为可充电锂电池、 铅酸蓄电池、 可充电镍镉电池或可充电镍氢电池等。
[0012] 供电单元 10连接并对市电进行转换, 用于为外部充电电池 100提供充电电力。
[0013] 继电器 K输出端连接于所述供电单元 10和所述充电电池 100, 用于导通或断开所述 供电单元 10与所述充电电池 100之间的电连接。
[0014] 微控制器 30为一集成电路, 集成有状态检测模块 31和脉冲产生模块 33。
[0015] 状态检测模块 31连接并检测所述充电电池 100是否达到充满状态。 具体地, 状态检 测模块 31通过检测充电电池 100的当前电压或当前充电电流是否达到额定值以来判断是否 达到充满状态。
[0016] 脉冲产生模块 33连接于所述状态检测模块 31, 并在所述充电电池 100达到充满状态 时产生脉冲信号。
[0017] 脉冲驱动电路 40连接于所述脉冲产生模块 33和所述继电器 K的输入端之间, 由所 述脉冲信号驱动工作以控制所述继电器 κ动作而断开供电单元 10与充电电池 100之间的电 连接。 所述脉冲驱动电路 40包括脉冲转换电路及供电回路。
[0018] 脉冲转换电路连接于所述脉冲产生模块 33, 用于将脉冲信号转换为直流信号。 所述 脉冲转换电路又包括连接于所述脉冲产生模块 33 的滤直流子电路和连接于所述滤直流子电 路的整流滤波子电路。
[0019] 其中, 滤直流子电路由第一电阻 R1和第一电容 C1 串联组成, 第一电阻 R1 的一端 连接于述脉冲产生模块 33, 另一端连接于第一电容 C1的一端。
[0020] 整流滤波子电路是由第一整流二极管 Dl、 第二整流二极管 D2和第二电容 C2首尾依 次串接组成的环形电路, 第二电容 C2 的两端还分别连接供电回路, 而第一电容 C1 的另一 端还连接于所述第一整流二极管 D1的正极和第二整流二极管 D2的负极之间。
[0021] 供电回路连接于脉冲转换电路和继电器 K 的输入端, 用于在所述直流信号控制下导 通以对继电器 K提供工作电源。 具体地, 所述的供电回路由电源 VCC、 第三二极管 D3、 第 一三极管 Ql、 第二电阻 R2、 第三电阻 R3及接地端组成。
[0022] 其中, 电源 VCC串联继电器 K的输入端后连接于第一三极管 Q1的集电极, 第三二 极管 D3并联于继电器 K的输入端且负极连接于电源 VCC, 而正极连接于第一三极管 Q1的 集电极, 第一三极管 Q1的基极通过第二电阻 R2连接于第一整流二极管 D1的负极, 还通过 第三电阻 R3连接于第一三极管 Q1的发射极, 所述发射极连接于第二整流二极管 D2的正极 并接地。 具体地, 第三二极管 D3用于在继电器 K断开时, 快速消耗掉继电器 K的线圈的 反向电动势, 以消除反向电动势对第一三极管 Q1的影响。
[0023] 综上, 本发明创造实施例的充电装置的工作过程为: 状态检测模块 31 检测到充电电 池 100达到充满状态时, 控制器内的脉冲产生模块 33产生脉冲信号, 对应的脉冲波形经过 第一电阻 R1和第一电容 C1后, 第一电容 C1将直流成分滤除, 得到正负脉冲波形, 再经过 第一整流二极管 Dl、 第二整流二极管 D2和第二电容 C2整流滤波后形成一个直流电压, 该 直流电压通过第二电阻 R2、 第三电阻 R3加载至第一三极管 Ql, 进而使第一三极管 Q1 导 通, 此时, 供电回路也导通, 继电器 κ得到工作电源而动作进而断开供电单元 10与充电电 池 100之间的电连接。
[0024] 从而, 相对于传统的继电器 20 驱动电路用高电平或低电平直接来驱动工作的方式, 当微控制器 30失效时, 微控制器 30的输出引脚错误地输出高电平或低电平, 导致继电器 K 不能及时断开, 出现过充而起火、 冒烟及爆炸等安全问题, 本发明创造实施例使用脉冲驱动 电路 40很好地解决了此问题。 脉冲驱动电路 40只有在微控制器 30的脉冲信号下才会驱动 继电器 K导通, 而持续的高电平或低电平, 脉冲驱动电路 40都不会工作, 因而避免了充电 电池 100过充引起的安全问题。
[0025] 本发明创造实施例的充电装置对应的充电控制方法包括如下三个步骤:
状态检测步骤: 状态检测模块 31检测判断充电电池 100是否达到充满状态。
[0026] 脉冲产生步骤: 脉冲产生模块 33 在所述充电电池 100 达到充满状态时产生脉冲信 号。
[0027] 脉冲驱动步骤: 脉冲驱动电路 40由所述脉冲信号驱动工作以控制继电器 K动作, 继 电器 κ受控动作而使输出端断开供电单元 10 与充电电池 100 之间的电连接, 从而停止充 电, 消除隐患, 保证安全。
[0028] 其中, 所述脉冲驱动步骤还包括如下三个子步骤:
滤直流子步骤: 将脉冲产生模块 33 产生的脉冲信号中的直流成分滤除, 得到正负脉冲波 形。
[0029] 整流滤波子步骤: 将滤直流子步骤得到的正负脉冲波形进行整流滤波后形成一个直 流电压。 [0030] 导通子步骤: 直流电压加载至三极管 (第一三极管 Q1 ) 的两个管脚 (第一三极管 Q1 的基极和发射极) 进而使所述三极管导通, 所述三极管对应的供电回路也导通, 继电器 K 得到工作电源而动作。
[0031] 尽管已经示出和描述了本发明创造的实施例, 对于本领域的普通技术人员而言, 可 以理解在不脱离本发明创造的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、 修改、 替换和变型, 本发明创造的范围由所附权利要求及其等同范围限定。

Claims

1. 一种充电装置, 包括用于为外部充电电池充电的供电单元, 以及输出端连接于所述供电 单元和所述充电电池的、 用于导通或断开所述供电单元与所述充电电池之间的电连接的继电 器 κ, 其特征在于, 所述充电装置还包括:
连接并检测所述充电电池是否达到充满状态的状态检测模块;
连接于所述状态检测模块, 并在所述充电电池达到充满状态时产生脉冲信号的脉冲产生模 块; 及
连接于所述脉冲产生模块和所述继电器 κ 的输入端之间的、 由所述脉冲信号驱动工作以控 制所述继电器 κ动作而断开供电单元与充电电池之间的电连接的脉冲驱动电路。
2. 如权利要求 1所述的充电装置, 其特征在于, 所述脉冲驱动电路包括:
连接于所述脉冲产生模块的、 用于将脉冲信号转换为直流信号的脉冲转换电路; 及 连接于脉冲转换电路和继电器 κ 的输入端的、 用于在所述直流信号控制下导通以对继电器 κ提供工作电源的供电回路。
3. 如权利要求 2 所述的充电装置, 其特征在于, 所述脉冲转换电路包括连接于所述脉冲产 生模块的滤直流子电路和连接于所述滤直流子电路的整流滤波子电路;
其中, 滤直流子电路由第一电阻 R1和第一电容 C1串联组成, 第一电阻 R1的一端连接于述 脉冲产生模块, 另一端连接于第一电容 C1的一端;
整流滤波子电路是由第一整流二极管 Dl、 第二整流二极管 D2和第二电容 C2首尾依次串接 组成的环形电路, 第二电容 C2 的两端还分别连接供电回路, 而第一电容 C1 的另一端还连 接于所述第一整流二极管 D1的正极和第二整流二极管 D2的负极之间。
4. 如权利要求 3所述的充电装置, 其特征在于, 供电回路由电源 VCC、 第三二极管 D3、 第 一三极管 Ql、 第二电阻 R2、 第三电阻 R3及接地端组成; 其中, 电源 VCC 串联继电器 K 的输入端后连接于第一三极管 Q1的集电极, 第三二极管 D3并联于继电器 K的输入端且负 极连接于电源 VCC, 而正极连接于第一三极管 Q1的集电极, 第一三极管 Q1的基极通过第 二电阻 R2连接于第一整流二极管 D1的负极, 还通过第三电阻 R3连接于第一三极管 Q1的 发射极, 所述发射极连接于第二整流二极管 D2的正极并接地。
5. 如权利要求 1 所述的充电装置, 其特征在于, 所述状态检测模块、 脉冲产生模块集成于 一微控制器中。
6. 一种应用于如权利要求 1 所述的充电装置的充电控制方法, 其特征在于, 所述方法包 括:
状态检测步骤: 状态检测模块检测判断充电电池是否达到充满状态; 脉冲产生步骤: 脉冲产生模块在所述充电电池达到充满状态时产生脉冲信号; 及 脉冲驱动步骤: 脉冲驱动电路由所述脉冲信号驱动工作以控制继电器 κ 动作而断开供电单 元与充电电池之间的电连接。
7. 如权利要求 6所述的充电控制方法, 其特征在于, 所述脉冲驱动步骤还包括:
滤直流子步骤: 将脉冲产生模块产生的脉冲信号中的直流成分滤除, 得到正负脉冲波形; 整流滤波子步骤: 将滤直流子步骤得到的正负脉冲波形进行整流滤波后形成一个直流电压; 及
导通子步骤: 直流电压加载至三极管的两个管脚进而使所述三极管导通, 所述三极管对应的 供电回路也导通, 继电器 K得到工作电源而动作。
PCT/CN2012/085000 2012-11-22 2012-11-22 充电装置及其充电控制方法 WO2014079007A1 (zh)

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