WO2014071714A1 - Procédé d'incorporation et d'extraction de filigrane numérique - Google Patents

Procédé d'incorporation et d'extraction de filigrane numérique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014071714A1
WO2014071714A1 PCT/CN2013/072468 CN2013072468W WO2014071714A1 WO 2014071714 A1 WO2014071714 A1 WO 2014071714A1 CN 2013072468 W CN2013072468 W CN 2013072468W WO 2014071714 A1 WO2014071714 A1 WO 2014071714A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
block
watermark
image
singular value
blocks
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PCT/CN2013/072468
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
谭铁牛
董晶
王再冉
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中国科学院自动化研究所
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Publication of WO2014071714A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014071714A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T1/00—General purpose image data processing
    • G06T1/0021—Image watermarking
    • G06T1/005—Robust watermarking, e.g. average attack or collusion attack resistant
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T1/00—General purpose image data processing
    • G06T1/0021—Image watermarking
    • G06T1/0028—Adaptive watermarking, e.g. Human Visual System [HVS]-based watermarking
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2201/00—General purpose image data processing
    • G06T2201/005—Image watermarking
    • G06T2201/0052—Embedding of the watermark in the frequency domain
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2201/00—General purpose image data processing
    • G06T2201/005—Image watermarking
    • G06T2201/0061—Embedding of the watermark in each block of the image, e.g. segmented watermarking

Definitions

  • the present invention is a method of embedding and extracting a watermark into a digital image, which has high robustness and can be used for copyright protection of digital images. Background technique
  • digital watermarking technology With the popularization and rapid development of information technology, digital multimedia content has been copied and distributed in an uncontrolled manner, making the copyright protection of digital products more and more important.
  • digital watermarking technology came into being and gained wide attention.
  • the digital watermarking technology directly embeds some identification information into the digital media, but does not affect the use value of the original carrier, and is not easy to be detected and modified again, but can be extracted and recognized by the embedded party to identify the copyright information of the multimedia.
  • digital watermarking technology After nearly a decade of development, digital watermarking technology has achieved certain results.
  • Digital watermarking technology mainly focuses on the following aspects: First, transparency, that is, the image quality change after embedding watermark information is imperceptible; Second, robustness, that is, after a variety of unintentional or even intentional signal processing, the number The watermark still maintains partial integrity and can be extracted correctly. Possible signal processing includes channel noise, filtering, digital/analog and analog-to-digital conversion, resampling, clipping, displacement, scaling, and lossy compression. The third is the watermark capacity, which can embed watermarks in multimedia. The maximum amount of information.
  • the present invention is a watermarking technique for digital image copyright protection.
  • Current digital image watermarking techniques fall into two main categories: the first is to embed the watermark directly in the spatial domain; the second is to embed the watermark into the transform domain.
  • the image after embedding the watermark has good transparency, but the robustness is poor, and it can be used for image integrity authentication or tamper detection, and is not suitable for copyright protection of images.
  • the second method the image is converted to the transform domain and then watermarked. Most of the current algorithms are embedded in the transform domain. The embedding of the watermark in the transform domain is more robust and more suitable for copyright protection.
  • Currently commonly used transform techniques are singular value decomposition, Fourier transform, DCT transform, wavelet transform, Contourlet transform, and the like.
  • digital watermarking techniques based on singular value decomposition are mainly divided into the following categories: The embedding of the same value vector matrix and the embedding based on the singular value matrix.
  • Watermark embedding based on singular value vector matrix may change the orthogonality of the matrix during the embedding process, thus affecting the quality of the image after embedding the watermark and the robustness of the watermark.
  • the embedding based on the singular value matrix is mainly to modify the singular value of the image to embed the watermark.
  • the feature of the present invention is that after wavelet decomposition, the low frequency coefficients are first divided, and then each block is subjected to singular value decomposition. Two blocks satisfying the qualification condition are selected according to the pseudo-randomness of the key, and the watermark is embedded by modifying the relationship between the maximum singular values of the two blocks. Summary of the invention
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a digital watermarking method with strong robustness, transparency and security to solve the copyright protection problem of current digital image products.
  • a method of embedding a watermark comprising the steps of:
  • a method for extracting a watermark includes the steps of: performing discrete wavelet decomposition on a detected image, dividing the low frequency wavelet coefficients into non-overlapping blocks; performing singular value decomposition on each block; Calculating the position of each block pair embedded in the watermark according to the largest singular array of the original image and the threshold interval;
  • the watermark is extracted by comparing the normalized distance of each block pair with a detection threshold.
  • the present invention embeds a watermark in the most stable portion of the image, thereby enhancing the robustness of the watermark.
  • the amount of modification of the image is reduced, thereby ensuring the transparency of the image after embedding the watermark.
  • Figure 1 is a flow chart of the present invention, including a watermark embedding process and a watermark extraction process.
  • Figure 2 is a flow chart of the present invention randomly selecting image block pairs from the largest singular matrix M.
  • Figure 3a shows an original image taken in an embodiment of the invention with an image size of 1500 X 2000.
  • Figure 3c shows an original watermark image used in the embodiment of the present invention, the watermark size being 32 X 32.
  • Figure 3d shows the watermark image extracted after the mean filtering of the image shown in Figure 3b, with a window size of 3 X 3 .
  • Figure 3f shows the watermark image extracted after adding Gaussian noise (mean 0, variance 0.01) to the image shown in Figure 3b.
  • Figure 3g shows a watermark image extracted after adding salt and pepper noise (probability density of 0.01) to the image shown in Figure 3b.
  • Figure 3h is a watermark image extracted after scaling the image shown in Figure 3b (reduced to 250 X 250 and then to 1500 X 2000). detailed description
  • the invention provides a high robust watermark based on discrete wavelet transform and singular value decomposition
  • the method is robust, resistant to a variety of digital image processing and attacks, and can be used for copyright protection of digital images.
  • the methods of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  • FIG. 1(a) is a main flowchart of a method for embedding a watermark according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Step S11 Perform L-layer discrete wavelet decomposition on the original image, extract its low-frequency wavelet coefficients, and divide the low-frequency wavelet coefficients into non-overlapping blocks, each block has a size of mxm, and then perform singular value decomposition on each sub-block. .
  • Step S12 The maximum singular value of each block is formed into an array M of maximum singular values, and two blocks satisfying the embedding condition are randomly selected to form a block pair.
  • Step S13 Modify the maximum singular value of the selected block pair to embed the watermark.
  • M is the maximum singular value of the modified image block pair
  • th3, t/i4 is the modification strength
  • Step S14 Perform singular value inverse decomposition on each sub-block, and finally perform wavelet reconstruction on the wavelet coefficients to obtain an image after embedding the watermark.
  • FIG. 1(b) is a main flowchart of a method for extracting a watermark according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Step S21 Perform L-layer discrete wavelet decomposition on the image to be detected, extract low-frequency wavelet coefficients, and divide the low-frequency wavelet coefficients into non-overlapping blocks, each block has a size of mxm, and then perform singular value decomposition on each sub-block. .
  • Step S22 Combining the maximum singular value of each block into a maximum singular value array M', and rooting The position of each block pair embedded in the watermark is calculated from the largest singular array M of the original image and the threshold interval [t/il, t/i2].
  • Step S23 Obtain the maximum singular value M ⁇ , M; of the block pair according to the position of each block pair, and calculate the normalized distance ⁇ '( ⁇ , ') of the two blocks.
  • Step S24 The watermark is extracted by comparing the normalized distance ⁇ ' of each block pair with the detection threshold.
  • the specific comparison method is as follows:
  • Step S121 Calculate the normalized distance DG' of each image block and any other block.
  • Step S122 Statistics are satisfied for each image block -
  • N fc The number of blocks N fc , where [t/il, t/i2] is a predetermined threshold interval. If N fc > 0, the block fc is a block that satisfies the embedding condition.
  • Step S123 randomly select a block from the block satisfying the embedding condition according to the key fceyl, and record it as .
  • Step S124 According to the key fcey2, the normalized distance from the threshold is in the threshold interval
  • Step S125 Mark the block as marked as used.
  • the used image block cannot be selected to be embedded in the watermark again.
  • each image block is subjected to singular value inverse decomposition and wavelet reconstruction to obtain an image after watermarking.
  • Fig. 3b it can be seen that the watermarked image produced by the present invention has no obvious visual difference from the original image.
  • Mean filtering is a common image processing method.
  • Figure 3d is a watermark image extracted after mean filtering.
  • the window size is 3 X 3 .
  • JPEG compression is a compression mode that is often taken when an image is transmitted.
  • Figure 3e is an extracted watermark image after JPEG compression with a compression factor of 20.
  • Figure 3f is a watermark image obtained by adding Gaussian noise to the image after the watermark is embedded, and the noise variance is 0.01.
  • Fig. 3g is a watermark image obtained by adding salt and pepper noise to the image after the watermark is printed, and the noise variance is 0. 01.
  • Fig. 3h is a watermark image after the watermarked image is reduced by 0.5 times and then enlarged to the original size.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Editing Of Facsimile Originals (AREA)
  • Image Processing (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé d'incorporation de filigrane numérique comprenant les étapes consistant à : effectuer une décomposition en ondelettes sur une image à protéger, et diviser un coefficient d'ondelettes à basse fréquence en blocs non chevauchants ; effectuer une décomposition en valeurs singulières sur chaque bloc ; sélectionner de manière aléatoire deux blocs d'image satisfaisant à la condition pour former une paire de blocs ; modifier la valeur singulière maximale de la paire de blocs afin d'incorporer un filigrane numérique ; effectuer une décomposition en valeurs singulières inverse sur chaque sous-bloc, et effectuer ensuite une reconstruction en ondelettes sur le coefficient d'ondelettes. La présente invention permet d'incorporer un filigrane numérique au niveau de la partie la plus stable d'une image, augmentant ainsi la robustesse du filigrane. La distance normalisée entre deux blocs d'image est définie pour sélectionner une paire de blocs d'image pour une incorporation de filigrane numérique, ce qui permet de réduire le degré de modification d'image et de garantir la transparence de l'image comprenant le filigrane numérique incorporé.
PCT/CN2013/072468 2012-11-06 2013-03-12 Procédé d'incorporation et d'extraction de filigrane numérique WO2014071714A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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CN201210440037.7 2012-11-06
CN201210440037.7A CN102890814B (zh) 2012-11-06 2012-11-06 水印的嵌入和提取方法

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CN109727179B (zh) * 2018-12-29 2020-10-23 燕山大学 一种零水印生成方法及系统、提取方法及系统
CN110286813B (zh) * 2019-05-22 2020-12-01 北京达佳互联信息技术有限公司 图标位置确定方法和装置
CN111932431B (zh) * 2020-07-07 2023-07-18 华中科技大学 基于水印分解模型的可见水印去除方法和电子设备
CN112016900A (zh) * 2020-09-02 2020-12-01 中国平安财产保险股份有限公司 电子保单信息安全管控方法及系统

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