WO2014044410A1 - Disque transparent pourvu d'un revêtement électriquement chauffant et fils chauffants supplémentaires - Google Patents

Disque transparent pourvu d'un revêtement électriquement chauffant et fils chauffants supplémentaires Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014044410A1
WO2014044410A1 PCT/EP2013/051549 EP2013051549W WO2014044410A1 WO 2014044410 A1 WO2014044410 A1 WO 2014044410A1 EP 2013051549 W EP2013051549 W EP 2013051549W WO 2014044410 A1 WO2014044410 A1 WO 2014044410A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
disc
heating wires
disk
coating
edge
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2013/051549
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Susanne Lisinski
Dang Cuong Phan
Marcel Klein
Günther SCHALL
Volkmar Offermann
Original Assignee
Saint-Gobain Glass France
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Saint-Gobain Glass France filed Critical Saint-Gobain Glass France
Publication of WO2014044410A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014044410A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/84—Heating arrangements specially adapted for transparent or reflecting areas, e.g. for demisting or de-icing windows, mirrors or vehicle windshields
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B1/00—Layered products having a non-planar shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10376—Laminated safety glass or glazing containing metal wires
    • B32B17/10385—Laminated safety glass or glazing containing metal wires for ohmic resistance heating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/1077—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing polyurethane
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/10788—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing ethylene vinylacetate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10807—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/002—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements
    • H05B2203/005—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements using multiple resistive elements or resistive zones isolated from each other
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/011—Heaters using laterally extending conductive material as connecting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/013—Heaters using resistive films or coatings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/014—Heaters using resistive wires or cables not provided for in H05B3/54
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/031—Heaters specially adapted for heating the windscreen wiper area

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a transparent pane with electrically heatable coating and additional heating wires, a process for their preparation and their use.
  • the disks can be heated, for example, by a heated by means of the waste heat of the engine air flow. Another possibility is the electric heating of the panes.
  • An electrical heating of the disc can be done as described for example in DE 103 52 464 A1 via vertically extending electrically heatable wires which are inserted between the panes of the laminated glass and are connected via two bus bars to the motor vehicle electrical system.
  • the uniform heating of a windshield in their trapezoidal shape used most difficult, however.
  • the outer wires in the triangular faces of the trapezium are much shorter than the wires in the middle of the disc, which leads to temperature peaks in the area of the triangular faces due to the lower resistance.
  • the most uniform possible heating can be achieved by a targeted vote by some wires are interrupted in the edge areas. In this case, wire heaters deliver heating powers of approx. 500 W / m 2 up to a maximum of 600 W / m 2 .
  • wire heaters A completely homogeneous heating by means of wire heaters, however, is hardly possible because the heat is only selectively introduced into the material in the vicinity of the wires. Furthermore, the number and diameter of the wires must be limited so as not to affect the driver's vision. Especially in the A-field of view of windscreens no visual impairments are permitted, making the sole use of wire heaters in windshields is problematic.
  • the operating voltage U is determined by the usual on-board vehicle voltage of 14 V, while the distance of the bus bars varies depending on the model.
  • An optimization of the heating power can thus be done solely by lowering the surface resistance.
  • the layer thickness of the conductive layer can be increased.
  • Such conductive coatings are usually silver-based, with increasing silver content, the light transmission through the disc decreases.
  • ECE R 43 "Uniform Conditions for the Approval of Safety Glazing Materials and their Installation in Vehicles" set by the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe requires a light transmission of at least 70% only be realized by coatings with reflection colors in the red-blue region of the spectrum, which are considered by most vehicle manufacturers as unacceptable.
  • WO 03/024155 A2 US 2007/0082219 A1 and US 2007/0020465 A1 disclose layer systems comprising a plurality of silver layers which further reduce the sheet resistance of the conductive coating. Especially with large windscreens, whose bus bars have a large distance, the sheet resistance can not be lowered enough to achieve a sufficient heat output. At such high slices conditionally a semi-circular cold area at the engine edge of the disc is observed.
  • a disk with heatable coating which has an additional heating field
  • DE 10 2007 008 833 A1 A disk with heatable coating, which has an additional heating field
  • a transparent pane with an electrically heatable coating is disclosed, which has an additional heating field in the region of the rest position of the windshield wipers. Both heaters do not overlap. Targeted heating in the rest area of the windscreen wipers can prevent the windscreen wipers from freezing on ice and snow. Damage to the wiper blades, when starting the windscreen wiper system with frozen wiper blades, can thus be avoided. Regardless of this occurs even with very high slices whose Busbars have a large distance, a semicircular cold area on the engine edge of the disc.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a heatable pane which has a higher heat output at high panes and avoids the formation of cold spots in the edge areas, as well as to provide a method for the production thereof.
  • the transparent pane according to the invention with an electrically heatable coating and additional heating wires comprises laminated from bottom to top as a laminated glass pane: a base plate, a laminating film and a cover plate.
  • the base disk has a fourth disk side and a third disk side, wherein the third disk side carries an electrically heatable coating.
  • the fourth side of the pane faces the vehicle interior.
  • An electrically heatable coating is defined in this context as a coating that conducts the electrical current and thereby heats up. In this case, suitable means for applying a voltage to the electrically heatable coating must be present.
  • the laminating film is placed with heating wires and the cover sheet on the laminating film.
  • the cover disk has a second disk side facing the third disk side of the base disk and a first disk side.
  • the first side of the windscreen, after installation of the glazing in the vehicle body, is the side facing the surroundings.
  • the heating wires overlap in at least a portion of the field of view with the electrically heatable coating.
  • the electrically heatable coating and the heating wires lie in different planes of the transparent pane and are electrically insulated from each other, but cover a portion of the pane together. Such additional heating of the edge region of the disc prevents, for example, the cold occurring especially at high disc dimensions Areas at the engine edge and allows a significant increase in heating power.
  • the transparent pane according to the invention is preferably used as a windshield and corresponds to the European standards (ECE R 43) for windshields.
  • the transparent pane has a light transmission of at least 70%.
  • the electrically heatable coating is preferably applied in a substantial part of the visible pane surface, more preferably in more than 80% of the field of view, in particular over 90% of the field of view.
  • the viewing area of the disc is the area that is visible after installation of the disc in the vehicle and is not covered by a screen printing.
  • a coating can interfere with any existing features such as sensors or cameras. In such cases, the coating in these areas is selectively removed to obtain sensor windows that may be equipped with, for example, cameras, rain sensors, or toll sensors.
  • the electrically heatable coating contains one or more silver layers, preferably three silver layers, and has a sheet resistance of 0.25 ohms / square to 4.5 ohms / square, preferably 0.3 ohms / square to 2 ohms / square, more preferably 0, 5 ohms / square to 1, 0 ohms / square.
  • the coating is preferably applied over the entire surface of the pane. In this case, the coating is divided into an electrically heatable coating in which heating takes place by applying a voltage and an electroless coating, to which no electrical potential is applied. Alternatively, however, the coating can also be applied only in the area to be heated.
  • an isolated edge strip is separated from the coating.
  • This isolated edge strip can either be uncoated, de-stratified, or isolated from the rest of the coating by a dividing line.
  • the isolated edge strip is produced by an abrasive removal. In this way, corrosion of the conductive coating in the heating field is prevented because the corrosion prone outer edge is stripped and the coating within this stripped edge strip is protected.
  • the disk may include multiple stripped areas for a variety of purposes. In addition to the protection against corrosion, for example, the attachment of sensors is another area of application for the removal of certain areas in question.
  • the heating wires overlap to 10% to 40% of the total height of the field of view, preferably 15% to 35% of the total height of the field of view, with the electrically heatable coating.
  • the total height of the field of view is defined as the maximum vertical extent of the transparent pane area, with a percentage of this pane height having heating wires as well as an electrically heatable coating.
  • the area covered by heating wires and electrically heated coating disc area can be in any vertical disc section.
  • the heating wires extend in the region of the B-field of view between one of the horizontal pane edges and the edge of the A-field of view.
  • the A-field of view thus remains free of visual impairments, as required by the European regulation ECE R 43.
  • the heating wires represent only minor visual impairments, as allowed by ECE R 43 for the B-field of view.
  • the heating wires can be introduced not only in the visible region of the pane, but also in the edge region of the pane, preferably in the region of the rest position of the windshield wiper. This area is preferably covered by screen printing. A targeted heating of the rest area of the windshield wiper prevents freezing of the windshield wiper and thus damage to the wiper blades when starting the windshield wiper system.
  • the heating wires preferably run parallel to the motor edge and / or roof edge of the disc. Alternatively, the heating wires can also run meandering or zigzag. Particularly preferably, the heating wires are designed as loop-shaped individual wire. The wire runs parallel to one of the horizontal side edges and alternates at the end arcuate direction to thereafter continue to run parallel to this.
  • the average distance between adjacent heating wires preferably decreases in the direction of the closest horizontal pane edge.
  • the heating wires are closer to the edge of the disk than towards the center of the disk. Accordingly, on the same surface there is a larger number of wires in the edge region of the disk, as a result of which a greater heating power per area can be entered into the material.
  • This increase in heating power is of particular importance in order to avoid the formation of cold spots in the edge region at high slices.
  • close coverage with heating wires would be unesthetic in the areas that are closer to the center of the disc, while isolated distant tracks are not perceived by the driver as disturbing.
  • a slight increase in the heating power in comparison to the pane surface without heating wires is sufficient.
  • the temperature gradient of adjacent disc areas should be kept as low as possible in order to avoid stresses in the material.
  • a gradual increase in the distances of the heating wires also a gradual decrease in heating power takes place in the direction of the center of the disk, so that a more homogeneous temperature gradient is achieved.
  • the minimum distance between adjacent heating wires is 2 mm, while the maximum distance between adjacent wires is 35 mm.
  • the heating wires are arranged in the lower region of the disk adjacent to the engine edge.
  • the distance of the heating wires decreases in particular in the direction of the motor edge.
  • the bus bars are relatively far apart and a semicircular, colder temperature range forms directly above the motor edge.
  • the heating wires are located in another area of the pane, for example, adjacent to the roof edge, or even in the middle of the disk surface outside the A-field of view. In this way, for example, areas in which preferably sensors are mounted by means of the additional wire heating could be enteist much faster.
  • the heating wires contain tungsten, copper, nickel, manganese, aluminum, silver, chromium and / or iron and / or mixtures and / or alloys thereof, preferably tungsten or copper, particularly preferably tungsten.
  • the heating wires have a thickness of from 5 ⁇ to 160 ⁇ , the thickness depends inter alia on the material used of the wires.
  • Tungsten wires are preferably used with a thickness of 10 ⁇ to 80 ⁇ , while copper wires preferably have a thickness of 60 ⁇ to 150 ⁇ .
  • the electrically heatable coating is contacted by a plurality of bus bars, which are electrically conductively connected thereto.
  • bus bars which are electrically conductively connected thereto.
  • at least two bus bars are mounted on the coating.
  • the coating area between the bus bars is thus electrically heated.
  • three bus bars are applied, wherein each bus bar runs parallel to the horizontal side edges and the third bus bar projects from the roof edge in the direction of the center of the pane.
  • the first bus bar is located adjacent to the roof edge, while the second bus bar is adjacent to the engine edge and both bus bars parallel to these horizontal side edges.
  • the first and the second bus bar extend over the entire length of the disc.
  • the third bus bar has a length of 50 mm to 700 mm and protrudes up to 400 mm in the direction of the center of the disk into the coating.
  • the third bus bar is adapted in its shape to any stripped areas for sensor windows, the attachment of Sensors serve.
  • the bus bars have a thickness of 5 ⁇ to 20 ⁇ , preferably 8 ⁇ to 15 ⁇ on.
  • the width of the bus bars is 0.5 mm to 30 mm, preferably 1 mm to 20 mm.
  • the first bus bar and the second bus bar particularly preferably have a width of from 10 mm to 20 mm, while the third bus bar is made substantially narrower with a width of preferably 1 mm to 5 mm.
  • the heating wires are contacted at their ends via a plurality of electrical conductors, preferably two electrical conductors.
  • two electrical conductors are perpendicular to the parallel to the motor edge heating wires and contact them in the edge region of the disc. If the heating wires are used in the form of a loop-shaped single wire, then the contacting takes place in the manner described, wherein the arcuate edge regions of the wires remain current-free. In a different course, such as meandering or zigzag, another form of contact can be selected. In the case of a continuous meander-shaped wire, for example, a voltage has to be applied only occasionally at the two ends of the wire.
  • the heating wires can optionally be electrically insulated. This allows contact between wires and coating while avoiding short circuits.
  • the laminating film can thus be placed on the base disk with the wires pointing in the direction of the electrically heatable coating. If an insulation of the wires is dispensed with, the heating wires must lie on the side of the laminating foil facing away from the coating. Insulation of the wires is preferably achieved by a polymer-containing sheath, particularly preferably this contains polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyesters, polycarbonates, rubber, silicone rubber, polyamide, polyurethane and / or mixtures and / or copolymers thereof.
  • the base disk and / or the cover disk comprise soda-lime glass, quartz glass, borosilicate glass and / or polymethyl methacrylate. Float glass is preferably used.
  • the base disk and the cover disk have a thickness of from 0.5 mm to 20 mm, preferably 1 mm to 6 mm. Both discs can also have different thicknesses.
  • the laminating film comprises polyvinyl butyral, ethylene vinyl acetate, polyurethane and / or mixtures and / or copolymers thereof. At least one laminating film is necessary for producing a laminated glass pane, but it is also possible to use a plurality of plastic films of very different functionality in the film composite.
  • the laminating film has a thickness of from 0.1 mm to 0.9 mm, preferably from 0.3 mm to 0.8 mm.
  • the bus bars and / or the electrical conductors include tungsten, copper, nickel, manganese, aluminum, silver, chromium and / or iron and / or mixtures and / or alloys thereof. Tungsten or copper, more preferably copper, are preferably included.
  • the bus bars are preferably applied by printing a conductive paste, preferably a silver-containing paste, and then baked on bending the glass sheets.
  • the bus bars may be embodied, for example, as metal strip sections which are placed on the coating.
  • Strands are preferably used as electrical conductors.
  • the electrical conductors have a width of 5 mm to 15 mm and a thickness of 30 ⁇ to 150 ⁇ .
  • an opaque ink layer is preferably applied in the form of a screen printing, so that this screen printing circumscribes the field of vision of the disk or forms its outer edge.
  • the arranged in the edge region of the disk bus conductor and electrical conductors and the rest position of the windshield wipers are preferably covered by this screen printing and are optically laminated.
  • the opaque screen printing can be applied in any plane of the laminated glass pane, but preferably in the plane of the coating.
  • the invention further comprises a method for producing the transparent pane according to the invention with heatable coating and heating wires. In this case, an electrically heatable coating is first applied to the third disk side of a base disk. The deposition of the coating is preferably carried out by PVD magnetron method.
  • the electrically heatable coating is deposited before the individual disks are cut.
  • several bus bars are applied, which are connected in a conventional manner directly electrically conductive with the coating.
  • the bus bars are printed in the form of a silver paste and then baked. The stoving of the silver-containing paste can take place in the course of the bending of the glass panes. The proportion of the coating which lies between the bus bars can be heated by applying a voltage to the bus bars.
  • the base disk with coating and printed busbars is bent together with a cover disk.
  • the heating wires are integrated into a laminating film, wherein the wires are preferably first heated and subsequently introduced into the surface of the film.
  • a tip guides the wire in a loop over the laminating film, with the heated wire at least partially sinking into the film surface.
  • the wires can also be applied to the surface of the laminating film by means of printing processes, for example.
  • the heating wires introduced into the laminating film are contacted in the edge region of the pane via a plurality of electrical conductors.
  • the electrical conductors are preferably connected by soldering to the heating wires.
  • the laminating film with heating wires and electrical conductors is then inserted between the base disk and the cover disk.
  • Sheathed wires are preferably used, so that when inserting the laminating foil, the heating wires can face the electrically heatable coating.
  • the production of a laminated glass pane wherein the disk assembly is heated stepwise under vacuum in the oven.
  • the disc is first heated for 6 minutes to a temperature of 50 ° C, then held for 25 minutes at a temperature of 100 ° C and then cooled again over 6 minutes to 50 ° C and held at this temperature.
  • the resulting pre-composite disk is then autoclaved.
  • the autoclaving is carried out at 100 ° C to 150 ° C, preferably 1 15 ° C to 145 ° C and at a pressure of 10 bar to 15 bar for a period of 1 hour to 4 hours, preferably 2 hours to 3 hours.
  • the invention further comprises the use of the transparent pane according to the invention as a vehicle window, ship window or aircraft pane, as well as a radiator or architectural glazing, preferably as a vehicle window, particularly preferably as a windshield in vehicles.
  • Figure 1 is a plan view of the transparent pane according to the invention with electrically heatable coating and additional heating wires.
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross section of the transparent pane according to the invention according to FIG. 1 along the section line AA '.
  • FIG. 3 shows a flow chart of the method according to the invention for producing a transparent pane with an electrically heatable coating and additional heating wires.
  • Figure 4 shows the schematic representation of the temperature distribution when heating a transparent pane with electrically heatable coating according to the prior art.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic representation of the temperature distribution when heating the transparent pane according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a top view of the transparent pane (1) according to the invention with an electrically heatable coating (3.1) and additional heating wires (5).
  • the coating (3) is applied flat over the entire pane surface and is divided into an electrically heatable coating (3.1) and an electroless coating (3.2).
  • the electrically heatable coating (3.1) is thereby contacted by a plurality of bus bars (7), via which a voltage can be applied.
  • the electroless coating (3.2) is not equipped with such devices, so that it does not carry power in the operating state of the disc.
  • the application of an electroless coating (3.2) is optional, but advantageous in terms of a uniform color of the transparent pane (1).
  • the bus bars (7) for contacting the electrically heatable coating (3.1) consist of a first bus bar (7.1) and a second bus bar (7.2), which run parallel to the horizontal disc edges (9), and a third bus bar (7.3), which points in the direction of the disk center, together.
  • first bus bar (7.1) and the second bus bar (7.2) have an elongated shape, wherein the first bus bar (7.1) extends directly adjacent to the roof edge (9.1).
  • the second bus bar (7.2) is offset parallel to the motor edge (9.2) in the direction of the center of the disk.
  • the coating area between the first bus bar (7.1) and the second bus bar (7.2) represents the electrically heatable coating (3.1), while the electroless coating (3.2) between the second bus bar (7.2) and the motor edge (9.2).
  • the third bus bar (7.3) is arranged perpendicular to the first bus bar (7.1) and extends from the center of the first bus bar (7.1) or the roof edge (9.1) in the direction of the center of the pane.
  • the coating (3) has two stripped areas (10).
  • the shape of the third bus bar (7.3) is adapted to a recess in the coating required for a rain sensor, the third bus bar (7.3) extending semicircularly along the edge of this stripped area for sensor windows (10.1).
  • a stratified edge strip (10.2) of 0.7 cm width in which the coating is removed by an abrasive process.
  • the usual motor vehicle forward voltage of 14 V direct current is applied to the transparent pane (1), the first bus bar (7.1) and the third bus bar (7.3) being connected to the negative pole, whereas the second bus bar (7.2) is the positive pole represents.
  • heating wires (5) are located parallel to the motor edge (9.2), both in the region of the electroless coating (3.2) and in the region of the electrically heatable coating (3.1). These pass through the viewing area of the transparent pane up to a height of 35% the total disc height relative to the lowest point of the engine edge (9.2).
  • the B-field of view is covered with heating wires (5), but these represent only a slight visual impairment as permitted for the B-field of view.
  • the heating wires (5) are contacted in the edge region of the disc by electrical conductors (8).
  • a first electrical conductor (8.1) extends along the edge of the pane between the first bus bar (7.1) and the motor edge (9.2), while the second electrical conductor (8.2) at the opposite edge of the disc between the motor edge (9.2) and the farthest from this Heating wire (5) runs.
  • the first electrical conductor (8.1) is in electrical contact with the first bus bar (7.1), whereby also on the first electrical conductor
  • the second electrical conductor (8.2) is analogously contacted with the second bus bar (7.2), so that the second electrical conductor
  • the heating wires (5) increases from the motor edge (9.2) in the direction of the center of the disc.
  • the heating wires (5) outside the field of view of the driver are thus much closer together than the wires passing through the field of view.
  • said area and the areas of the bus bars (7) and the electrical conductors (8) are preferably covered by a screen printing (not shown).
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross section of the transparent pane (1) according to the invention according to FIG. 1 along the section line AA.
  • a base disk (2) with a fourth disk side (IV) and a third disk side (III) bears on the third disk side (III) a coating (3) which is divided into an electrically heatable coating (3.1) and an electroless coating (3.2).
  • a first bus bar (7.1) and a second bus bar (7.2) are applied, between which the electrically heatable coating (3.1) is located and via which a voltage can be applied to them. There is no electrical potential at the electroless coating (3.2).
  • a laminating film (4) with heating wires (5) is placed, which are at least partially introduced into the surface of the laminating film (4).
  • FIG. 3 shows a flow chart of the method according to the invention for producing a transparent pane (1) with an electrically heatable coating (3.1) and additional heating wires (5).
  • an electrically heatable coating (3.1) is deposited on the third side of the disk (III) of the base disk (2).
  • bus bars (7) are applied to this electrically heatable coating (3.1) and the base plate (2) is bent together with a cover plate (6).
  • heating wires (5) are introduced into the surface of a laminating film (4) and the ends of the heating wires (5) subsequently contacted via a plurality of electrical conductors (8).
  • the laminating film (4) with electrical conductors (8) is then inserted between the base disk (2) and the cover disk (6). This arrangement is first pre-evacuated and then autoclaved to produce a laminated glass pane.
  • FIG. 4 shows the schematic representation of the temperature distribution when heating a transparent pane with electrically heated coating, first bus bar, second bus bar and third bus bar according to the prior art at an ambient temperature of 22 ° C.
  • the bus bars are arranged analogously to the bus bars shown in FIG.
  • a first temperature range (T1) with temperatures T below 28 ° C can be seen, which emerges as a cold strip in the region of the rest position of the windshield wiper.
  • T2 Directly adjacent thereto is a second temperature range (T2) with 28 ° C ⁇ T ⁇ 32 ° C, which runs all around along the entire disc and in the region of the motor edge shows a hemispherical bulge in the direction of the center of the disc.
  • FIG. 5 shows the schematic representation of the temperature distribution when heating the transparent pane (1) according to the invention with electrically heatable coating (3.1) and additional heating wires (5) at an ambient temperature from 22 ° C.
  • a voltage is applied to the electrically heatable coating (3.1) via a first bus bar (7.1), a second bus bar (7.2) and a third bus bar (7.3).
  • the heating wires (5) run parallel to the motor edge (9.2) in the disc section between the second bus bar (7.2) and up to a disc height of 35% of the total disc height relative to the lowest point of the motor edge (9.2).
  • the distance between adjacent heating wires (5) is constantly 5 mm.
  • the transparent disc (1) according to the invention has only a very small slice portion whose temperature corresponds to the first temperature range (T1) or the second temperature range (T2).
  • T1 first temperature range
  • T2 second temperature range
  • This region directly above the motor edge (9.2) lies in the transparent pane (1) according to the invention in the third temperature range (T3) and in the fourth temperature range (T4).
  • T3 third temperature range
  • T4 fourth temperature range
  • the disk area in which the heating wires (5) are located is recognizable as a hatched fifth temperature range (T5), starting from which the temperature in the direction of the engine edge (9.2) and the disk center gradually in the fourth temperature range (T4) and the third temperature range (T3 ) decreases.
  • T5 hatched fifth temperature range
  • the gradual decrease in temperature in the direction of the center of the disk could be further improved by a continuous increase of the wire spacing in the direction of the center of the disk.
  • the temperature distribution in the region of the first bus bar (7.1) and the third bus bar (7.3) is similar in its basic features to the disc according to the prior art ( Figure 4).
  • the pane according to the invention shows a decisive increase in temperature in the region of the motor edge (9.2).
  • Such an effect when using additional heating wires (5) in the region of the electrically heatable coating was surprising and unexpected to the person skilled in the art.
  • the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to an example of a transparent pane according to the invention and a comparative example.
  • Example 1 In two series of experiments, the heating power and the temperature increase in the area of additional heating wires of the pane according to the invention (Example 1) were compared with a pane according to the prior art (Comparative Example 2). In both test series, the same disc basic structure was used, the disc according to the invention additionally being equipped with heating wires (5). Table 1 summarizes the structure of the disc according to the invention (Example 1) and the disc according to the prior art (Comparative Example 2) together. To determine the disc dimensions, the maximum distances between opposite disc edges were measured in each case.
  • Ground disk (2) Float glass, thickness 1, 6 mm float glass, thickness 1, 6 mm
  • Cover disc (6) float glass, thickness 2.1 mm float glass, thickness 2.1 mm
  • Width 1410 mm Max. Width 1410 mm max. Width 1410 mm
  • Table 2 shows the maximum heating powers achieved in example 1 and comparative example 2 as well as the temperature increase of the disk surface of the pane according to the invention in the area of the heating wires (5).
  • a disc with electrically heatable coating according to the prior art provides at the selected disc geometry (distance busbar 817 mm) a heat output of 313.4 W / m 2 , but for the successful defrosting of such a disc a heating power of at least 330 W / m 2 is recommended.
  • the heating power can be increased by 190.7 W / m 2 to 504.1 W / m 2 . Accordingly, the pane according to the invention also makes it possible to heat tall panes whose first and second bus bars are at a large distance from each other.
  • T1 first temperature range T ⁇ 28 ° C
  • T2 second temperature range 28 ° C ⁇ T ⁇ 32 ° C
  • T3 third temperature range 32 ° C ⁇ T ⁇ 34 ° C
  • T4 fourth temperature range 34 ° C ⁇ T ⁇ 36 ° C
  • T5 fifth temperature range T> 36 ° C

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un disque transparent (1), comprenant au moins : - un disque de base (2) pourvu d'une quatrième face (IV) et d'une troisième face (III), la troisième face (III) présentant un revêtement électriquement chauffant (3.1) ; et - un disque de recouvrement (6) pourvu d'une deuxième face (II) et d'une première face (I), le disque de base (2) et le disque de recouvrement (6) étant reliés aux fils chauffants (5), par la troisième face (III) du disque et la deuxième face (II) du disque, au moyen d'un film de stratification (4) et les fils chauffants (5) se chevauchant dans au moins une partie du champ visuel avec le revêtement électriquement chauffant (3.1).
PCT/EP2013/051549 2012-09-21 2013-01-28 Disque transparent pourvu d'un revêtement électriquement chauffant et fils chauffants supplémentaires WO2014044410A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12185397 2012-09-21
EP12185397.2 2012-09-21

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WO2014044410A1 true WO2014044410A1 (fr) 2014-03-27

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016096593A1 (fr) * 2014-12-16 2016-06-23 Saint-Gobain Glass France Plaque transparente avec couche chauffante électrique et son procédé de fabrication
CN112689562A (zh) * 2019-08-08 2021-04-20 法国圣戈班玻璃厂 包括具有保护涂层的电气组件的复合板

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WO2003024155A2 (fr) 2001-09-07 2003-03-20 Centre Luxembourgeois De Recherches Pour Le Verre Et La Ceramique S.A. (C.R.V.C.) Vitre de vehicule chauffante possedant differentes tensions dans differentes zones chauffantes
US20030146199A1 (en) * 2002-02-01 2003-08-07 Jean-Marc Sol Heatable vehicle windshield with bus bars including braided and printed portions
DE10352464A1 (de) 2003-11-07 2005-06-23 Saint-Gobain Sekurit Deutschland Gmbh & Co. Kg Heizbare Verbundscheibe
US20070020465A1 (en) 2005-07-20 2007-01-25 Thiel James P Heatable windshield
US20070082219A1 (en) 2003-11-28 2007-04-12 Saint-Gobain Glass France Transparent substrate which can be used alternatively or cumulatively for thermal control, electromagnetic armour and heated glazing
DE102007008833A1 (de) 2007-02-23 2008-08-28 Saint-Gobain Sekurit Deutschland Gmbh & Co. Kg Transparente Scheibe mit einer beheizbaren Beschichtung
DE102008018147A1 (de) * 2008-04-10 2009-10-15 Saint-Gobain Sekurit Deutschland Gmbh & Co. Kg Transparente Scheibe mit einer beheizbaren Beschichtung und niederohmigen leitenden Strukturen
WO2012110381A1 (fr) * 2011-02-16 2012-08-23 Saint-Gobain Glass France Vitre transparente dotée d'une couche chauffante électrique et procédé de fabrication associé

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003024155A2 (fr) 2001-09-07 2003-03-20 Centre Luxembourgeois De Recherches Pour Le Verre Et La Ceramique S.A. (C.R.V.C.) Vitre de vehicule chauffante possedant differentes tensions dans differentes zones chauffantes
US20030146199A1 (en) * 2002-02-01 2003-08-07 Jean-Marc Sol Heatable vehicle windshield with bus bars including braided and printed portions
DE10352464A1 (de) 2003-11-07 2005-06-23 Saint-Gobain Sekurit Deutschland Gmbh & Co. Kg Heizbare Verbundscheibe
US20070082219A1 (en) 2003-11-28 2007-04-12 Saint-Gobain Glass France Transparent substrate which can be used alternatively or cumulatively for thermal control, electromagnetic armour and heated glazing
US20070020465A1 (en) 2005-07-20 2007-01-25 Thiel James P Heatable windshield
DE102007008833A1 (de) 2007-02-23 2008-08-28 Saint-Gobain Sekurit Deutschland Gmbh & Co. Kg Transparente Scheibe mit einer beheizbaren Beschichtung
DE102008018147A1 (de) * 2008-04-10 2009-10-15 Saint-Gobain Sekurit Deutschland Gmbh & Co. Kg Transparente Scheibe mit einer beheizbaren Beschichtung und niederohmigen leitenden Strukturen
WO2012110381A1 (fr) * 2011-02-16 2012-08-23 Saint-Gobain Glass France Vitre transparente dotée d'une couche chauffante électrique et procédé de fabrication associé

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016096593A1 (fr) * 2014-12-16 2016-06-23 Saint-Gobain Glass France Plaque transparente avec couche chauffante électrique et son procédé de fabrication
EA033852B1 (ru) * 2014-12-16 2019-12-02 Сэн-Гобэн Гласс Франс Прозрачное стекло с электронагревательным слоем и способ его получения
US10645759B2 (en) 2014-12-16 2020-05-05 Saint-Gobain Glass France Transparent pane with an electrical heating layer and production method thereof
CN112689562A (zh) * 2019-08-08 2021-04-20 法国圣戈班玻璃厂 包括具有保护涂层的电气组件的复合板

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