WO2014040152A1 - Procédé thermo-mécanique pour perforation - Google Patents

Procédé thermo-mécanique pour perforation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014040152A1
WO2014040152A1 PCT/BR2013/000294 BR2013000294W WO2014040152A1 WO 2014040152 A1 WO2014040152 A1 WO 2014040152A1 BR 2013000294 W BR2013000294 W BR 2013000294W WO 2014040152 A1 WO2014040152 A1 WO 2014040152A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
plasma
rock
plasma jet
torch
mechanical
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/BR2013/000294
Other languages
English (en)
Portuguese (pt)
Inventor
Roberto Nunes Szente
Original Assignee
Roberto Nunes Szente
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Roberto Nunes Szente filed Critical Roberto Nunes Szente
Publication of WO2014040152A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014040152A1/fr

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/14—Drilling by use of heat, e.g. flame drilling
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/14—Drilling by use of heat, e.g. flame drilling
    • E21B7/146—Thermal lances
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/48—Generating plasma using an arc
    • H05H1/50—Generating plasma using an arc and using applied magnetic fields, e.g. for focusing or rotating the arc

Definitions

  • thermomechanical process employing suitable equipment, plasma torch, to perform various drilling, such as for oil wells, or to drill and drill industrial holes.
  • Plasma torches have been used for various industrial processes in the areas of metallurgy, steel, environment and materials mainly. These plasma torches are of two different types: transferred arc and non-transferred arc. The difference between these torches is that in the first type an electric arc, which heats the gas and generates the plasma, is held between the cathode and anode, electrodes located inside the torch. In the second type, the electric arc is held between a torch electrode, typically the cathode, and a material to be processed, for example ferroalloys, placed inside an oven, which material functions in this way as the anode.
  • a torch electrode typically the cathode
  • a material to be processed for example ferroalloys
  • An untransferred arc plasma torch generates a plasma jet that reaches temperatures of over 10,000 ° C, and different types of gases can be used, such as air, argon, nitrogen, oxygen, helium, and others, depending on need.
  • gases such as air, argon, nitrogen, oxygen, helium, and others, depending on need.
  • drilling wells is one of the most difficult and costly stages of oil exploration, especially when it involves large depths, rock formations of varying hardness, uneven terrain and other features.
  • the most common technique for drilling is the use of special rotary drills, placing special mud to help with the friction of the drill and rocks and to avoid damage to the drilled channel; This mud is not only expensive but also slows down the drilling speed.
  • thermo-mechanical process performed with the proper equipment, plasma torch, to perform rock drilling, aiming at its use in petroleum exploration processes and other industrial applications. require drilling of blocks, walls, stones, furnaces and similar applications.
  • Bore diameter is a function of plasma torch operating parameters, including gas flow, gas supply pressure at the plasma torch, torch current and voltage.
  • the drilling process thus described herein consists of the removal of material of thermal (continuous melting of the rock surface) and mechanical (material removal by plasma jet pressure) material. Continued operation of the plasma torch will result in rock drilling, the main object of the present invention.
  • auxiliary gas forming one or more pulses or similar jets, pulsating or continuous, passing inside or outside the torch, and directed in the region being heated by the plasma jet to increasing the amount and speed of plasma jet liquefied material removal;
  • auxiliary jets even cold but at high pressures, assist in the removal of molten material from the cavity.
  • the high performance plasma torch to be used in this invention will generate high temperature and pressure plasma jets; This plasma jet will then be used to partially fuse rocks located in front of the jet, and this partially molten material is continuously removed from the cavity by the plasma jet itself and whether or not it has auxiliary air jets or other gases that assist in the removal of molten material.
  • thermo-mechanical drilling process using non-transferred arc plasma torches could in principle be used continuously for drilling without the need for drill replacement stops, as in the traditional drilling process.
  • thermo-mechanical drilling process utilizing a high performance non-transfer arc plasma torch that generates high-performance plasma jets Temperature and pressure, whether or not they have auxiliary jets, is innovative and will allow the following advantages over traditional drilling processes, especially drill bits: i) faster; ii) no equipment wear; iii) possibility of drilling any type of rock; iv) flexibility of operation; v) lower costs; vi) no need to add sludge or other lubricating materials, resulting in significantly less environmental impact.
  • Figure 1 represents a rock being pierced by a non-transferred arc plasma torch, which generates high temperature and pressure plasma jets to perform rock drilling. and similar materials.
  • Figure 2 represents the same conditions as those described in Figure 1, with the difference of auxiliary jet injection.
  • the rock drilling process is carried out with a plasma torch 1 containing a cathode 2, preferably made of copper; anode 3, preferably made of copper containing a geometry, as in the example, for high pressure generation of the plasma jet; a chamber 4 for injection of plasma gas, preferably air; coils 5 to rotate electric arc 6 and decrease electrode erosion.
  • the surface 7 of rock 8 is heated to temperatures sufficient for melting, and molten material 9 is expelled from the rock by the high pressure of plasma jet 10, resulting in this operation a hole 11 in the rock.
  • the rock drilling process is carried out with a plasma torch 1 which contains a cathode 2, preferably made of copper; anode 3, preferably made of copper containing a geometry, as in the example, for high pressure generation of the plasma jet; a chamber 4 for injection of plasma gas, preferably air; coils 5 to rotate electric arc 6 and decrease electrode erosion.
  • the surface 7 of rock 8 is heated to temperatures sufficient for melting, and molten material 9 is expelled from the rock by the high pressure of plasma jet 10, resulting in this operation a hole 11 in the rock. Jets 12 external to the plasma torch assist in removing material from the cavity.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Arc Welding In General (AREA)
  • Plasma Technology (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé thermo-mécanique pour perforation, ce procédé utilisant une torche à plasma d'arc non transféré pour chauffer la surface de roches, faisant fondre cette surface et enlever la matière liquéfiée par haute pression du jet de plasma, ledit procédé thermo-mécanique permettant de former un trou dans la roche. Compte tenu des hautes températures du jet de plasma, d'environ 10.000°C, la surface des roches vers lesquelles le jet de plasma est dirigé, est liquéfiée. Le jet de plasma présentant une haute pression, et du fait de la géométrie et des conditions d'utilisation de la torche à plasma d'arc non transféré, la matière liquéfiée est expulsée de la cavité formée dans la roche, opération qui permet d'enlever la matière de la roche par voie thermo-mécanique. Le diamètre du trou dépend des paramètres de fonctionnement de la torche à plasma, y compris le débit du gaz, la pression d'alimentation du gaz dans la torche à plasma, le courant et la tension de la torche.
PCT/BR2013/000294 2012-09-14 2013-08-08 Procédé thermo-mécanique pour perforation WO2014040152A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BRBR1020120231794 2012-09-14
BRBR102012023179-4A BR102012023179A2 (pt) 2012-09-14 2012-09-14 Processo termo mecânico para perfuração

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2014040152A1 true WO2014040152A1 (fr) 2014-03-20

Family

ID=50277431

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/BR2013/000294 WO2014040152A1 (fr) 2012-09-14 2013-08-08 Procédé thermo-mécanique pour perforation

Country Status (2)

Country Link
BR (1) BR102012023179A2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014040152A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015173049A3 (fr) * 2014-05-15 2016-04-28 Thyssenkrupp Ag Procédé permettant de pratiquer un trou de forage

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1276243B (de) * 1966-11-05 1968-08-29 Siemens Ag Plasmabrenner
US3467206A (en) * 1967-07-07 1969-09-16 Gulf Research Development Co Plasma drilling
GB1268843A (en) * 1969-07-04 1972-03-29 British Railways Board Improvements relating to plasma-torch apparatus
EP0017201A1 (fr) * 1979-04-04 1980-10-15 DEUTSCHE FORSCHUNGSANSTALT FÜR LUFT- UND RAUMFAHRT e.V. Chalumeau à plasma à courant continu
US5298714A (en) * 1992-12-01 1994-03-29 Hydro-Quebec Plasma torch for the treatment of gases and/or particles and for the deposition of particles onto a substrate
US5500501A (en) * 1991-12-12 1996-03-19 Kvaerner Engineering A.S. Torch device for chemical processes

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1276243B (de) * 1966-11-05 1968-08-29 Siemens Ag Plasmabrenner
US3467206A (en) * 1967-07-07 1969-09-16 Gulf Research Development Co Plasma drilling
GB1268843A (en) * 1969-07-04 1972-03-29 British Railways Board Improvements relating to plasma-torch apparatus
EP0017201A1 (fr) * 1979-04-04 1980-10-15 DEUTSCHE FORSCHUNGSANSTALT FÜR LUFT- UND RAUMFAHRT e.V. Chalumeau à plasma à courant continu
US5500501A (en) * 1991-12-12 1996-03-19 Kvaerner Engineering A.S. Torch device for chemical processes
US5298714A (en) * 1992-12-01 1994-03-29 Hydro-Quebec Plasma torch for the treatment of gases and/or particles and for the deposition of particles onto a substrate

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015173049A3 (fr) * 2014-05-15 2016-04-28 Thyssenkrupp Ag Procédé permettant de pratiquer un trou de forage
JP2017516006A (ja) * 2014-05-15 2017-06-15 ティッセンクルップ アクチェンゲゼルシャフト ボアホールを設ける方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR102012023179A2 (pt) 2014-11-11

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