WO2014039553A1 - Régulation de la production de co2 par génération de vapeur directe - Google Patents

Régulation de la production de co2 par génération de vapeur directe Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014039553A1
WO2014039553A1 PCT/US2013/058058 US2013058058W WO2014039553A1 WO 2014039553 A1 WO2014039553 A1 WO 2014039553A1 US 2013058058 W US2013058058 W US 2013058058W WO 2014039553 A1 WO2014039553 A1 WO 2014039553A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water
steam generator
mixture
steam
direct steam
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2013/058058
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Scott Macadam
James Seaba
Original Assignee
Conocophillips Company
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Conocophillips Company filed Critical Conocophillips Company
Priority to CA2887307A priority Critical patent/CA2887307A1/fr
Publication of WO2014039553A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014039553A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
    • F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
    • F22D1/40—Combinations of exhaust-steam and smoke-gas preheaters
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
    • E21B43/24—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection
    • E21B43/2406—Steam assisted gravity drainage [SAGD]
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
    • E21B43/164—Injecting CO2 or carbonated water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K21/00—Steam engine plants not otherwise provided for
    • F01K21/04—Steam engine plants not otherwise provided for using mixtures of steam and gas; Plants generating or heating steam by bringing water or steam into direct contact with hot gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/22—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method using combustion under pressure substantially exceeding atmospheric pressure
    • F22B1/26—Steam boilers of submerged-flame type, i.e. the flame being surrounded by, or impinging on, the water to be vaporised, e.g. water in sprays
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
    • F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
    • F22D1/16—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters with water tubes arranged otherwise than in the boiler furnace, fire tubes, or flue ways
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the invention relate to generating a stream containing steam and carbon dioxide for injection during steam assisted hydrocarbon recovery processes.
  • SAGD Steam assisted gravity drainage
  • the carbon dioxide may benefit the SAGD operations by lowering the steam to oil ratio.
  • desired concentrations of the carbon dioxide within the steam to achieve such benefits for any particular SAGD application may not coincide with output from the direct steam generation.
  • Dilution with pure steam can provide the desired concentrations but introduces expenses associated with boilers and steam transport.
  • a method of generating a mixture of steam and carbon dioxide includes supplying fuel and oxidant into a direct steam generator. The method further includes heating water to above 200° C for introducing in liquid phase into the direct steam generator. Combusting the fuel and oxidant in the direct steam generator as the water that is preheated is introduced produces the mixture that includes the steam and combustion products and that has a carbon dioxide level in mass percent of steam below 11 percent.
  • a system for generating a mixture of steam and carbon dioxide includes a device for heating water and a direct steam generator coupled in fluid communication with an output of the device for heating the water.
  • the device for heating the water outputs the water in liquid phase at a temperature above 200° C.
  • the direct steam generator combusts fuel and oxidant as the water from the output of the device is introduced into the direct steam generator to produce the mixture that includes the steam and combustion products and has a carbon dioxide level in mass percent of steam below 11 percent.
  • a method of generating a mixture of steam and carbon dioxide includes combusting fuel and oxidant in a direct steam generator as water that is heated to above 200° C and in liquid phase is introduced into the direct steam generator to produce the mixture that includes the steam and combustion products and has a carbon dioxide level in mass percent of steam below 11 percent.
  • the method further includes introducing the mixture into a formation and recovering a hydrocarbon emulsion.
  • the emulsion contains a condensate of the steam that is recycled for resupplying of the water heated before entering the direct steam generator.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic with a direct steam generator producing an injection mixture of steam and carbon dioxide at a concentration controlled by temperature of the water fed to the generator, according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 2 is a graph of the temperature of the water fed to the generator versus the concentration of the carbon dioxide in the mixture produced by the generator, according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • methods and systems generate steam and carbon dioxide mixtures suitable for injection to assist in recovering hydrocarbons from oil sands based on concentration of the carbon dioxide in the mixtures as influenced by temperature of water introduced into a direct steam generator.
  • Increasing temperature of the water to above 200° C before introduction into the direct steam generator may utilize heat from an electrical power generation unit. Enthalpy of this preheated water impacts amount of fuel needed to burn in the direct steam generator and hence the concentration of the carbon dioxide, which may be below 11 percent by mass percent of the steam (i.e., mass of the carbon dioxide/mass of the carbon dioxide and steam expressed as a percentage).
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a direct steam generator (DSG) 100 that produces a mixture 101 of steam and carbon dioxide.
  • the steam generator 100 may integrate with a steam assisted production process used in connection with an injection well 102 and a production well 104.
  • An output of the steam generator 100 couples to the injection well 102 to convey the mixture 101 into a formation.
  • the injection well 102 and production well 104 each include horizontal lengths that pass through the formation and may be disposed parallel to one another with the horizontal length of the injection well 102 above the production well 104.
  • This configuration of the injection well 102 and the production well 104 exemplifies a conventional steam assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) well pair.
  • SAGD steam assisted gravity drainage
  • An emulsion 106 of the hydrocarbons and the condensate recovered from the production well 104 upon separation provides products and part or all of feed water 108 to the steam generator 100.
  • the water 108 pumped to the steam generator 100 may need additional treatment if being recycled depending on configuration of the steam generator 100.
  • separation of the emulsion 106 occurs without significant heat loss from the water 108 relative to when recovered from the production well 104.
  • one or more heat exchangers transfers heat to the water 108 from any components of the emulsion 106 recovered through the production well 104.
  • the water 108 exits the first heat exchanger 110 through a heater input conduit 112 coupled to a device, such as a second heat exchanger 114, for heating the water 108 to a temperature above 200° C prior to being introduced into the steam generator 100.
  • initial temperature of the water 108 upon introduction into the second heat exchanger 114 thus may range from ambient up to a temperature, such as 200° C, corresponding to temperature of the emulsion coming from the production well 104.
  • the second heat exchanger 114 transfers heat from an electrical power generation unit 116 to the water 108 increasing the temperature of the water 108 to above 200° C.
  • the electrical power generation unit 116 may utilize a gas turbine burning natural gas with resulting exhaust used by the second heat exchanger 114 instead of, or in addition to, a second cycle to increase electricity production.
  • the second heat exchanger 114 may not rely only on waste heat from the electrical power generation unit 116 since the heat in common practice would otherwise raise steam production for the second cycle. Increasing size and firing rate of the gas turbine compensates for the heat removed by the second heat exchanger 114. However, resulting fuel savings in the steam generator 100 outweighs additional fuel burned in the electrical power generation unit 116, as shown in Table 1 herein.
  • the electrical power generation unit 116 On-site enables employing the second heat exchanger 114 with the steam generator 100. With respect to being on-site, the electrical power generation unit 116 supplies power needs of a facility supporting the steam assisted production process. Demand for the power comes from associated equipment including an air separation unit, evaporator and/or carbon dioxide conditioning/compression system.
  • a heater output conduit 118 conveys the water 108 from the second heat exchanger 114 for introduction into the steam generator 100 under sufficient pressure to be in liquid phase.
  • fuel 120 such as hydrocarbons including natural gas
  • an oxidant 121 such as oxygen separated from air
  • the water 108 makes direct quenching contact with resulting combustion products and is thereby vaporized into steam. This steam in combination with the combustion products produces the mixture 101 output from the steam generator 100.
  • a portion of the water 108 enters into the steam generator 100 at a temperature below 200° C in an area of the steam generator 100 upstream from where the water 108 above 200° C is introduced.
  • the water 108 that is below 200° C when entering the steam generator 100 may ensure sufficient cooling in a head of the steam generator 100 where temperatures may be highest in the steam generator 100.
  • the head also includes injectors of the fuel 120 and the oxidant 121 and is most susceptible to thermal damage.
  • the second heat exchanger 114 increases temperature of the water 108 such that the water 108 is above 250° C, between 250° C and 300° C, or between 250° C and 280° C and at a pressure above 6000 kilopascals when output from the second heat exchanger 114 and/or introduced into the steam generator 100.
  • the water 108 may enter the steam generator 100 at more than 30° C below a temperature of the mixture 101 output.
  • the mixture 101 may exit from the steam generator 100 above 280° C and at least 6000 kilopascals for introduction into the formation through the injection well 102.
  • Figure 2 shows a graph with a line plotting the temperature of the water 108 fed to the steam generator 100 versus the concentration of the carbon dioxide in the mixture 101 produced by the steam generator 100.
  • the mixture may thus contain a carbon dioxide level in mass percent of the steam below 11 percent or below 10 percent.
  • controlling temperature of the water 108 fed to the steam generator 100 adjusts the carbon dioxide level to a selected value to achieve a threshold steam to oil ratio.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne des procédés et des systèmes qui produisent des mélanges de vapeur et de dioxyde de carbone appropriés à l'injection pour contribuer à la récupération d'hydrocarbures à partir de sables bitumeux basée sur la concentration du dioxyde de carbone dans les mélanges, influencée par la température de l'eau introduite dans un générateur de vapeur direct. L'augmentation de la température de l'eau au-dessus de 200 °C avant son introduction dans le générateur de vapeur direct peut utiliser la chaleur issue d'une unité de production d'énergie électrique. L'enthalpie de cette eau préchauffée influe sur la quantité de combustible nécessaire pour brûler dans le générateur de vapeur direct et augmente ainsi la concentration de dioxyde de carbone, qui peut être inférieure à 11 % par pour cent en masse de la vapeur.
PCT/US2013/058058 2012-09-05 2013-09-04 Régulation de la production de co2 par génération de vapeur directe WO2014039553A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA2887307A CA2887307A1 (fr) 2012-09-05 2013-09-04 Regulation de la production de co2 par generation de vapeur directe

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201261697026P 2012-09-05 2012-09-05
US61/697,026 2012-09-05
US14/018,031 US20140060825A1 (en) 2012-09-05 2013-09-04 Direct steam generation co2 output control
US14/018,031 2013-09-04

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2014039553A1 true WO2014039553A1 (fr) 2014-03-13

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Family Applications (1)

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PCT/US2013/058058 WO2014039553A1 (fr) 2012-09-05 2013-09-04 Régulation de la production de co2 par génération de vapeur directe

Country Status (3)

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US (1) US20140060825A1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2887307A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014039553A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014066034A1 (fr) * 2012-10-24 2014-05-01 Conocophillips Company Production directe de vapeur de purge de chaudière
CA2847881C (fr) 2014-03-28 2018-01-02 Suncor Energy Inc. Production de vapeur distante et separation d'eau et d'hydrocarbure dans les exploitations de drainage par gravite assistees a la vapeur
CA2853115C (fr) 2014-05-29 2016-05-24 Quinn Solutions Inc. Appareil, systeme et methode de controle de la production de gaz de combustion dans la generation de vapeur directe destines a la recuperation de petrole
US11156072B2 (en) 2016-08-25 2021-10-26 Conocophillips Company Well configuration for coinjection
CA2976575A1 (fr) 2016-08-25 2018-02-25 Conocophillips Company Configuration de puits en vue de la coinjection
CA2943314C (fr) 2016-09-28 2023-10-03 Suncor Energy Inc. Production d'hydrocarbure par generation de vapeur en contact direct

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4385661A (en) * 1981-01-07 1983-05-31 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Downhole steam generator with improved preheating, combustion and protection features
US20080078552A1 (en) * 2006-09-29 2008-04-03 Osum Oil Sands Corp. Method of heating hydrocarbons
US20080289822A1 (en) * 2007-05-23 2008-11-27 Ex-Tar Technologies, Inc. Integrated system and method for steam-assisted gravity drainage (sagd)-heavy oil production to produce super-heated steam without liquid waste discharge
US20100230097A1 (en) * 2009-03-13 2010-09-16 Conocophillips Company Hydrocarbon production process
US20110186292A1 (en) * 2010-01-29 2011-08-04 Conocophillips Company Processes of recovering reserves with steam and carbon dioxide injection

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010101647A2 (fr) * 2009-03-04 2010-09-10 Clean Energy Systems, Inc. Procédé de génération directe de vapeur utilisant une chambre d'oxycombustion

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4385661A (en) * 1981-01-07 1983-05-31 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Downhole steam generator with improved preheating, combustion and protection features
US20080078552A1 (en) * 2006-09-29 2008-04-03 Osum Oil Sands Corp. Method of heating hydrocarbons
US20080289822A1 (en) * 2007-05-23 2008-11-27 Ex-Tar Technologies, Inc. Integrated system and method for steam-assisted gravity drainage (sagd)-heavy oil production to produce super-heated steam without liquid waste discharge
US20100230097A1 (en) * 2009-03-13 2010-09-16 Conocophillips Company Hydrocarbon production process
US20110186292A1 (en) * 2010-01-29 2011-08-04 Conocophillips Company Processes of recovering reserves with steam and carbon dioxide injection

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Publication number Publication date
US20140060825A1 (en) 2014-03-06
CA2887307A1 (fr) 2014-03-13

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