WO2014035284A1

WO2014035284A1 - Device for operative monitoring of the technical condition of high-voltage power-transmission lines

Info

Publication number: WO2014035284A1
Application number: PCT/RU2012/000720
Authority: WO
Inventors: Николай Григорьевич КАПЛЯ; Евгений Николаевич КАПЛЯ
Original assignee: Kaplya Nikolay Grigoryevich; Kaplya Evgeny Nikolaevich
Priority date: 2012-08-31
Filing date: 2012-08-31
Publication date: 2014-03-06
Also published as: RU2013111612A

Abstract

The invention relates to maintenance of a high-voltage power-transmission line (PTL) and can be used for determining the location of a breakage or shorting of the PTL wires to earth, and also for determining PTL spans where the wires have become iced and/or snow has adhered thereto. The technical result is an increase in the accuracy and reliability of the device, an increase in the information content thereof and in the efficiency of making decisions. The device comprises at least one accelerometer which is installed between two supports in each phase of the power-transmission line, is equipped with a power-supply unit and is connected to a microprocessor, which is connected to a transceiver intended for communicating with a dispatching console. The device can be additionally equipped with a temperature sensor and with a moisture sensor which are connected to an additional input of the microprocessor which generates information regarding the start of ice forming on the wires.

Description

Device for operational monitoring of the technical condition of high-voltage power lines

The invention relates to the maintenance of a high-voltage power line (power line) and can be used to determine overhead spans with a break or shorting power line wires to the ground, as well as determining overhead spans with icing and snow sticking to them.

A device for monitoring electric power systems is known (RU2143165, IPC H02J 13/00, G01R 15/06, 1999), which comprises a high voltage measuring module connected to a high voltage network, which includes a passive mains transformer magnetically coupled to the high voltage network with a resistor load and / or a passive line voltage converter electrically connected to the high voltage network. The high-voltage measuring module further comprises a secondary power supply unit with a periodically replaced battery, including a rectifier bridge, a zener diode, and a diode connected to a low-voltage supply current transformer magnetically coupled to the high-voltage network and / or electrically connected to the high-voltage network and included in the passive network voltage converter circuit low voltage supply voltage transformer, active mic-based measuring signal converter an processor connected to a passive network current converter and / or a passive network voltage converter and a secondary power supply unit, and having radio frequency and / or optical outputs for the converted measurement information signals.

The disadvantages of the device are the use of a low-voltage supply voltage transformer with a grounded output, which increases the cost of the device and reduces the reliability of its operation, the need to create and operate a high-frequency communication system for transmission to the collection point of measurement information, as well as the use of periodically replaced batteries in the power supply. The objective of the invention is to provide a simple and reliable device that provides prompt and fairly accurate determination of the location of the breakage of high-voltage power lines, their status and characteristics.

The technical result is an increase in the accuracy and reliability of the device, an increase in its information content.

The technical result is achieved due to the fact that the device for monitoring the technical condition of the high-voltage power line contains at least one accelerometer mounted on each phase of the power line between two supports, equipped with a power supply and connected to a microprocessor connected to a transceiver designed to communicate with control room.

A particular significant feature is that the device is equipped with a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor, each of which is connected to the corresponding additional input of the microprocessor, which generates information about the formation of ice on the wires.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, on which:

figure 1 is a General view of the placement of accelerometers and temperature and humidity sensors,

in Fig.2 is a General view of the placement of accelerometers (A) and the case of wire breakage, in Fig. 3 is a block diagram of a device

in FIG. 4 - examples of the implementation of the accelerometer with a capacitive acceleration sensor,

figure 5 - examples of the implementation of the accelerometer with a piezoelectric acceleration sensor,

in FIG. 6 - an example of the power supply for the electronic circuit of the device.

The proposed device for operational monitoring of the technical condition of high-voltage power lines is designed to monitor the state of high-voltage lines from 1000 V. to 750 kV. To quickly determine the breakage point of high-voltage power lines in each span of power lines between supports 4 (Fig. 1 and 2), phase position sensors - accelerometers 3 (Fig. 2) are fixed on the wires of phases A, B and C. Each accelerometer is assigned its own address, which determines the position of the span 1 (Figure 1) of the power transmission line and its coordinates in arbitrary units or in the format of a GPS or Glonass system.

The principle of operation of the electronic circuit of the device (Fig. 3) is as follows.

The output signals from the acceleration sensor (accelerometer, for example, MMA3202D) 8 (Fig. 3) are fed to the corresponding inputs of the control processor 5 (Fig. 3), for example, the Atmega 2560-16AU microprocessor, where the information is processed and fed to transceiver 6 (Fig. 3) and then on the radio channel sequentially from block to block is transmitted to the controller 2 (Fig. 1).

To measure the temperature and determine the sticking of snow or ice formation on the wires at temperatures close to 0 ° C, use the temperature sensor 1 1 (Fig. 3) (for example, HEL776-AT-1) 8, the electronic temperature measurement circuit 10 and the humidity sensor 9 (for example , rain sensor TSW01). Information about the beginning of ice formation on the wires is also processed by the control microprocessor 5 and then transmitted to the controller 2 (Fig. 1)

The output signals from the acceleration sensor (accelerometer) 8 (Fig. 3), proportional to the amplitude of the swaying of the wires, are fed to the corresponding inputs of the microprocessor 5 (Fig. 3). In the microprocessor, the signals are compared with the values stored in advance in the program in accordance with the established algorithm. For example, if a mechanical action on a wire causes the wire to oscillate along the X axis to some N cm, then the microprocessor issues a command about normal amplitudes to the dispatcher's control panel. If these amplitudes are greater than the specified value N + n cm, then a command is issued about the overestimated amplitudes with the indication of the span of the power transmission line, etc. If the wires break ((Fig. 2) or sag along the Y axis, then the microprocessor 5 (Fig. 3) transfers information about the event to the dispatcher’s console using the same principle, for example, if the temperature

s the environment is within 0 ° C and the humidity sensor 9 (Fig. 3) detects the presence of precipitation (rain, snow, fog), and at the same time there is a sagging of the wires, this indicates a possible sticking of snow on the wires or icing, which and transmitted to the controller 2 (Fig. 1).

When the wire breaks (Fig. 2), a sharp change in the angle of inclination of the wire is recorded and information is also transmitted to the controller 2 (Fig. 1), regardless of the ambient temperature and the presence of precipitation.

Power supply of electronic circuits is carried out from a power supply unit 7 (Fig. 3).

Acceleration sensors 8 (Fig. C) convert the static or dynamic acceleration applied to the sensor into any electrical signal or electrical parameter (C, new). An example of such sensors are capacitive and piezoelectric acceleration sensors (Figure 4 and Figure 5). When the acceleration acts on the capacitive sensor (Fig. 4), the sensing element is displaced due to mass inertia (t) 13 (Fig. 4), which leads to a corresponding change in the capacitance of capacitors C1 and C2 12 (Fig. 4) of the capacitive acceleration sensor, and also due to the displacement of the mass (t) 15 (Fig. 5), the piezoelectric element 14 bends and the output voltage of the piezoelectric sensor changes.

Further, the output signals of the sensors are converted by microprocessor devices and can be used to determine the slope, movement, vibration, shock and other parameters necessary to monitor the condition of the wires of the power lines.

When one or even two wires breaks and the position devices stop working, the transmission of information to the controller 2 (Fig. 1) from other accelerometers continues to come through transceivers operating in the remaining phases.

The electronic circuitry of the device is powered by a power supply unit (Fig. 6), which operates when current flows through the wires of the power transmission line. An exemplary embodiment of the power supply is shown in FIG. 6. A magnetic circuit 17 (Fig. 6) with a transformer coil 18 (Fig. 6) is installed on the high-voltage wire of the power transmission line 16 (Fig. 6), the primary winding of which is the high-voltage wire 16 (Fig. 6), and the secondary coil of the transformer 14 (Fig. 6) . 6). When current flows through High-voltage wire on the secondary side of the transformer induces an EMF sufficient to power electronic circuits. At high values of the current flowing through the high-voltage wire 16 (Fig. 6), the magnetic circuit 17 (Fig. 6) of the transformer is saturated, and the voltage on the secondary winding increases slightly.

In the event of a break in the power lines, the power supply unit 7 (Fig. 3) is capable of transmitting information for some time using an energy charge accumulated by large-capacity capacitors, while batteries or accumulators are not required to power the device during operation (batteries can only be used during setup).

Thus, the proposed device for monitoring the technical condition of a high-voltage power line can control and transmit information to the dispatcher's console according to the following parameters and possible events:

Rapid determination of the location of the breakage of high-voltage power lines in each span and on each phase of wires A, B and C.

- Determination of the swinging of the wires when exposed to wind;

- Definition of overhead power lines with icing and snow sticking to them.

- Determination of the place of mechanical impact on the wires caused by the fall of trees and other objects on them;

- Temperature control of power transmission line wires caused by changes in current loads in the system, as well as heating of wires caused by currents in the fight against icing and snow sticking to them:

- Determination of the location of the short circuit (short circuit) of the wires and its characteristic (short-circuit phase to ground, phase-to-phase short circuit, etc.);

- Determination of other values of mechanical stresses on power transmission lines caused by natural phenomena.

Claims

Claim

1. A device for operational monitoring of the technical condition of a high-voltage power line, comprising at least one accelerometer mounted on each phase of the power line between two supports, equipped with a power supply unit and connected to a microprocessor connected to a transceiver for communication with a control panel.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor, each of which is associated with a corresponding additional input of the microprocessor, forming information about the beginning of ice formation on the wires.