WO2014019415A1

WO2014019415A1 - Power-assist bicycle using sensor having magnet blocks of adjustable positions and magnetic fluxes in housing

Info

Publication number: WO2014019415A1
Application number: PCT/CN2013/076829
Authority: WO
Inventors: 黄强
Original assignee: 高松; 欧阳焱雄
Priority date: 2012-07-28
Filing date: 2013-06-06
Publication date: 2014-02-06
Also published as: CN102795307A; CN102795307B

Abstract

A power-assist bicycle using a sensor having magnetic blocks of adjustable positions and magnetic fluxes in a housing, related to electric power-assisted bicycles that provide a power-assist signal with multipoint magnetic induction. The sensor comprises, sequentially connected, a sensing element, a power-assist model processor (21), a digital-to-analogue convertor (27), an operational amplifier (28). The sensing element comprises permanent magnet blocks (2) and a Hall element (3) provided in a cavity fitted together by a rotating disk (1) and a fixed disk (40). Arranged on the rotating disk are the multiple permanent magnet blocks that are opposite in adjacent magnetic polarities and have spacing intervals, different magnetic fluxes, and positions that are all adjustable. The Hall element on the fixed disk is arranged at a position in proximity to the permanent magnet blocks. The sensor is sleeved on the exterior of a central shaft of the bicycle. The operational amplifier is connected to a motor controller. Advantages: the relative positions of the permanent magnet blocks and of the Hall element are fixed, the Hall element is allowed to acquire a rectangular wave signal, thereby facilitating the sensor to output an adjustable power-assist model via digital processing, thus allowing for optimal matching between human and machine and for electricity conservation.

Description

Adjustable sensor bicycle with magnetic block position and magnetic flux in the housing

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of assisting bicycles, in particular to an electric assist bicycle which performs multi-point magnetic induction on a rotating component and provides a power assist signal.

Background technique

Chinese patent 201020295192. 0 "Hook-type torque sensing device" disclosed by the wild car material industry (Kunshan) Co., Ltd. discloses a sensing device for assisting bicycles. The sensing device includes a magnetic member and an elastic member to cooperate, and the feeling torque Sensing device. After a long period of use, the change in the elastic modulus of the elastic member causes a change in the control effect of the sensing signal and the controlled motor, and the assisting effect becomes incompatible with the human assisting need. Moreover, the design structure of the elastic member is complicated, and the system is high.

Chinese patent application 01201843. 0 "Automatic assisted bicycle automatic detecting device" discloses an automatic electric bicycle assisting device, which detects contact force, speed and steering without contact, and the device is on the inner and outer roulettes of relative motion. Each has a magnetic piece, a spring on the inner disk, and a spring return between the inner and outer disks. The electric signals generated by the two Halls on the inner and outer disks are used to measure the force and speed. And turning.

Disadvantages (1) Elastic parts are not durable: After a long period of use, the change of the elastic modulus of the elastic parts will cause the control signal and the control effect of the controlled motor to change, and the boosting effect becomes incompatible with the human assistance needs. Complex and costly.

Disadvantages (2) Each disk group is the same and the magnetic poles are set in the same way, but can not indicate the respective positions of different disk groups, and can not express the special power requirements of different positions: Figure 3, 4, 5, 6 of the patent from 01201843. And the description in paragraph 2 of page 2 of the manual states that the magnetic poles of each magnetic disk group (including one magnetic disk 4, one magnetic disk 5, and one magnetic disk 6) are arranged in the same manner, that is, only in different positions of the inner wheel. Simply setting up the same set of magnetic disks, can not indicate the respective positions of different disk sets, can not indicate the motion state of a specific position, and when the bicycle is riding, the pedals and the positions corresponding to the pedals are in motion, There is a special need for their own assistance, but the same structure of the various magnetic disk groups of this patent cannot express the special power requirement at different positions on the pedal.

Disadvantages (3) There is no difference in the signal of each point to make the man-machine mismatch: Each disk group is the same, then each disk group cannot indicate the position of the disk group on the inner wheel, and the signal output by the Hall cannot be represented. The position of the pedals and other disk sets, that is, the signals output by the Halls cannot indicate the need for power assistance at different foot positions, resulting in a lack of coordination between the need for power assistance and the time for providing assistance, that is, the cooperation between the human and the machine is not ideal.

Disadvantages (4) Output sine wave so that the edge distance of the disk group can not be less than 4 cm, generally 5 cm is preferred, and the number of available magnetic disk groups is too small, the human-machine cooperation is not ideal: each disk group is the same, then Huo The output is a sine wave as a control letter No. There must be a certain peak-to-valley difference as a control signal sine wave. Since the patented magnetic disk group requires a certain length to indicate the forward and reverse movement, there are up to 8 circular tracks on the circular groove rotating disk with a diameter of 20 cm. For the magnetic disk group, it is generally better to use 5, and the Hall can have a sine wave signal with control function. That is to say, the technical solution of the 01201843. 0 patent is used to assist the bicycle. The number of the magnetic disk group is limited to 8 or less, the control signal is too small, and the man-machine cooperation is not ideal. However, if there are more than 8 disk sets, when the person is treading faster, the signal pattern of the Hall output is close to a horizontal line. The signal has no control function and cannot control the motor, so that when the power is particularly needed, the power-saving function is lost.

This signal has no control function and cannot control the motor, so that it will lose its boost function when it is especially needed. Disadvantages (5) The blind area of the signal reaches a 45-degree angle. When the power is required to start, it does not get the boost. It is well known that people step on the bicycle pedal with the minimum moment at the apex, and the angle from the apex of 10-45 degrees is the area most in need of assistance. However, the angle between the various magnetic disk sets of the patent is 45 degrees, and there is no magnetic disk group in the 10-45 degree angle region of the pedal from the apex, and there is no control signal, and the result is that when the power is most needed However, the motor that assists the bicycle does not help.

In short, in addition to the inflexible and complicated structure of the elastic member, due to the matching structure of the Hall and the magnetic disk group, the diameter of the turntable is less than 20 cm, and the number of the magnetic disk group is limited to 8 groups, and the number of the magnetic disk group cannot be increased arbitrarily. The human-machine coordination is not ideal, and the power is not activated at the start. The boosting demand does not match the power supply. The rider's comfort is poor. If the number of the magnetic disk group is forcibly increased, the sensing signal loses the power control function.

Wang Naikang applied for the Chinese patent 03264387. X "Time-type electric power-assisted bicycle sensor" disclosed that without the elastic member, only two rotating and fixed turntables were set, two permanent magnets were set on the moving plate, and three Halls were set on the fixed plate. The component, the bicycle pedal rotates once a week, each Hall produces two pulses, and the three Hall elements produce six pulses. There are three characteristics of the fold, and the four shortcomings are as follows:

Features (1) In order to obtain six pulse signals, only the same magnetic pole of each permanent magnet steel can be on one side: two pulses are generated for each Hall, then only the same magnetic pole of two permanent magnets can be set. The same side of the disk, that is, on one side of the moving plate, the two permanent magnets are all north or both. If on the same side of the moving plate, one permanent magnet is the north pole and the other is the south pole, then the pedal turns one week, each Hall can only produce one pulse, and the three Halls only have three pulses, which is not It is described in the patent specification. In order to increase the number of pulses and improve the control effect, only the same magnetic pole of each permanent magnet steel is on one side.

Features (2) Permanent magnet magnet is used to indicate the fixed position of the pedal, and three Halls indicate the position of the pedal: Since the pedal and the moving disc are synchronously rotated, one position is fixed at two positions on the moving disc corresponding to the two pedals. Permanent magnet steel, where is the position of a certain pedal, then the corresponding permanent magnet magnet is also turned to the position; but only when there is a position in the Hall, the control signal can be sent through the Hall to command the motor of the bicycle. The power needed to turn.

Features (3) Because a Hall cannot indicate the position of pedaling in different periods of the week, you can't use only one Hall: The pedals are very different in the different time periods of the week. This kind of boost needs In order to change, the patent uses three Halls respectively set at three positions within a 180 degree angle. Two permanent magnets are respectively placed at two pedal positions, and the pedal is turned to a position with a Hall. The output signal indicates that the pedal has reached the position of the fire. However, the use of multiple Halls has the following disadvantages.

These features, as a booster bicycle sensor, have three drawbacks:

Disadvantages (1) Two permanent magnets with no difference are used to indicate the fixed position of the two pedals. Only the Hall can be used to indicate the rotational position of the pedal: there is no difference between the two permanent magnets. It is possible to indicate the fixed positions of the two pedals regardless of the left and right feet, so that the left and right feet can generate the same power assist effect; but the disadvantage is that the permanent magnet steel itself cannot indicate the rotational position of the pedal, but only It is possible to use multiple Halls at different corner positions to indicate the rotational position of the pedal, so it is not possible to use only one Hall, but multiple Halls are necessary.

Disadvantages (2) Cannot use only one Hall, and the three Halls must cause the original control error of the three control signals, so that the power demand model is distorted, and naturally the power output is inconsistent with the power demand: the assist bicycle is either one or two. For a motor, the sensing signal of the control motor can only be input to the motor controller with one sensing signal to achieve the purpose of controlling the motor; and the patent uses three Hall control motors, it is necessary to control three of the three Halls. The signals are combined into one combined control signal before they can be input to the motor controller. The sensing parameters of the three Halls cannot be the same, especially since the sensing parameters of the three Halls may vary greatly due to changes in ambient temperature and long usage time. The result is the same boosting demand when different Halls are used. The output is different voltages, which causes the motor to produce different boosting outputs. The boosting output is inconsistent with the boosting demand. When the same boosting demand is used, the output of different Halls may be the same voltage, which causes the motor to produce the same boosting output. A problem arises in which the boost output is inconsistent with the boost demand.

Disadvantages (3) The combined control signal is easy to generate signal drift, so that the combined control signal does not match the motor controller, and the demand model is distorted: the sensing parameters of the three Halls may vary greatly due to changes in ambient temperature and long use time. The three control signal connection points of the three Halls must change, and the combined control signal generated by the same power demand will produce a segmented signal drift, and the combined control signal will generate signal distortion as a whole, that is, the power demand model distortion If the motor controller selects any one of the three control signals as the reference, the problem that the boosting output and the boosting demand are inconsistent will be generated.

Disadvantages (4) The sensing site can not be increased arbitrarily, the sensing site is too small, the motor is not stable, making the rider feel very uncomfortable: because of the disadvantages (1) and disadvantages (2) are the most If the number of erres is greater than one, it is obvious that the number of Halls is more and more, and the disadvantages (1) and (2) are more serious. Therefore, the power-assisted bicycle provided by this patent can only be a power-assisted bicycle that makes the rider feel very uncomfortable.

Disadvantages (5) The blind area of the signal reaches a 42-degree angle. When the power is required to start, it does not have the boost. It is well known that the pedal foot pedal is the smallest at the apex, and the angle of 10-45 degrees from the apex is the most needed area. , but the angle between the Halls of the patent is 42. 5-43. 5 degrees, there is no Hall in the 10-42 degree angle area where the pedals leave the apex, also There is no control signal, and the result is when the power is most needed, but the motor that assists the bicycle does not help. In short, this patent is a technical solution for controlling the assist mode with multiple Halls, because only a plurality of Halls can be used to indicate the rotational position of the pedal, and multiple control signals of multiple Halls must have original errors, and the combined control signals are combined. It is easy to generate signal drift, which can cause the distortion of the power demand model, that is, the same power demand at different times, but obtain different power-assising effects; the more the number of Halls, the more serious the distortion of the power-assisted demand model, which limits the number of Halls. When the number of Halls is small and the motor is running, it is not stable, making the rider feel uncomfortable and unable to get help at startup. It is necessary to make the demand model not distorted, and to keep the motor running smoothly.

Summary of the invention

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a speed and position signal of a bicycle pedal obtained by rotating a plurality of permanent magnet blocks on a disk by using only one Hall and an annular groove, and oscillating the magnetic flux to obtain a signal and digitizing the signal. Assisting the model signal sensor of the assist bicycle; it is a kind in the Hall sensible area, which can increase the number of permanent magnet blocks as much as possible, make maximum use of the bicycle pedal displacement information, and the sensor output information is more accurately positioned, and the output signal model can be adjusted. A booster bicycle that fixes the relative positions of the Hall and the plurality of permanent magnet blocks with one assembly; on the use of the assist bicycle, the assisting demand of the rider is well matched with the assist provided by the motor, and the motor runs smoothly to assist the bicycle.

The idea of the present invention is that in a Hall sensible range, an annular groove rotates on the disk with a plurality of permanent magnet blocks to alternate the north and south magnetic polarities on the side of the Hall, so that one Hall can feel The motion signal of all permanent magnet blocks. The variation of the multiple permanent magnet blocks is mainly the change of magnetic polarity, the change of the misalignment, the change of the magnetic flux at different positions, and the position can be adjusted by the user. The purpose is to enable the Hall to obtain a circular groove. The specific position of the rotating disk is more precise and more suitable for individual needs. A stronger, more powerful permanent magnet block motion signal.

The magnetic polarity of a plurality of permanent magnet blocks alternates with the south pole north pole, so that the signal generated by the Hall is a rectangular wave, and the control function is stronger and the quantity is more;

The displacement of multiple permanent magnet blocks causes the signals generated by the Hall to have different inter-wave distances, which can express the movement position of the permanent magnet block more accurately, so as to express the motion state of a specific position. For the assist bicycle, the pedal is expressed. It is very important in which state of motion is in a specific position, because the motion state of the pedal directly indicates the state of the person's power demand; the plurality of permanent magnet blocks have magnetic flux changes at different positions, so that the signals generated by the Hall have different peaks. The valley difference can express the movement position of the permanent magnet block more accurately, so that it can express the movement state of the specific position. For the assist bicycle, it is very important to express the specific position of the pedal, because the movement state of the pedal Directly indicates the state of the person's assistance demand for the car;

An inductive position on the rotating disk of the annular groove can have two variations of the misalignment change and the magnetic flux change, that is, the Hall output waveform of one sensing position can be represented by two parameters, so that the control function of the Hall output signal is accurate and more stable. . The position of the permanent magnet block and the magnetic flux of the position can be adjusted by the user, so that the signal generated by the Hall can be adjusted by the user, and the user can adjust the control mode and the control content by adjusting the control signal, and has the function of controlling in a personalized manner.

The relative position of the sensing element Hall and the plurality of permanent magnet blocks is fixed by a mechanical structural assembly to make the sensing signal stable and reliable.

The rectangular wave signal outputted by the Hall is converted into a digital signal, so that the digital signal of the Hall is digitized, and a mathematical model for assisting the best function of the human body can be added in the process of digitizing, and the mathematical model can be assisted by human beings. The machine cooperates to make random adjustments. Overcoming the sinusoidal signal output of the prior art Hall is difficult to digitize, only the analog signal processing can be performed, and the self-adaptive power-assisted model can not be added, and the power-assisted model which can only extract the condition limited by the speed signal can be overcome and overcome. The problem that the human machine cannot be optimally matched.

The structure of the invention is:

The booster bicycle of the sensor can be adjusted by using the position of the magnetic block in the casing and the magnetic flux, including the electric bicycle and the sensor. The electric bicycle has a middle shaft 51, and the middle portion 51 is sleeved with a sleeve 52, and the middle shaft 51 is rotatably connected with the sleeve 52; A chain 53 is fixed on the shaft 51, and a foot pedal 54 is respectively fixed on both ends of the central shaft 51; a battery 55 on the electric bicycle is connected to the motor controller 29, and the motor controller 29 is connected to the motor 30 on the wheel;

The structure of the sensor and the connection relationship of the components are as follows:

The sensor comprises a sensing element connected in sequence, a boost model processor 21, a digital to analog converter 27 and an operational amplifier 28;

[1] The sensing element is an element that changes the rotational motion of the annular groove rotating disk 1 into a rectangular wave signal output;

The sensing element comprises an annular groove rotating disk 1, an annular groove fixing disk 40, a Hall 3 and a plurality of permanent magnet blocks 2, and the concave groove rotating disk 1 and the annular groove fixing disk 40 are concavely opposed to each other, and the ring shape The groove fixing plate 40 is fitted in the annular groove of the annular groove rotating disk 1, and the two disks are relatively rotatable to fit the hollow inner casing, and the concave surfaces of the two disks are sandwiched into a hollow ring 41; The 41-position annular groove rotating disc 1 is fixedly provided with a plurality of permanent magnet blocks 2, and the plurality of permanent magnet blocks 2 are distributed in a circle 6 and the inner circular path line 5-1 of the circular ring 6 At least one circular trajectory line runs through the entire permanent magnet block 2 with the outer circular trajectory line 5-2; the inner circular trajectory line 5-1 and the outer circular trajectory line 5-2 are concentric circles, at least two The permanent magnet block 2 is misaligned; the misalignment distribution is one of a radius misalignment distribution mode or a pitch misalignment distribution mode; or a combination of a radius misalignment distribution mode and a pitch misalignment distribution;

The radius misalignment is such that at least two permanent magnet blocks 2 have different distances from the center of the circle where the inner circular track line 5-1 is located;

The spacing misalignment distribution manner is: the distance between adjacent permanent magnet blocks 2 is the permanent magnet block spacing 7; at least two permanent magnet block spacings 7 are different in length;

There is at least one strip-shaped short groove 8 between the inner circular trajectory line 5-1 and the outer circular trajectory line 5-2, and the strip-shaped short groove 8 A permanent magnet block 2 is provided, and the permanent magnet block 2 can be fixed at any position in the strip short groove 8;

The magnetic polarities of the adjacent permanent magnet blocks 2 are opposite. The magnetic polarities of all the permanent magnet blocks 2 on the rotating disk 1 of the annular groove are N pole, S pole, N pole, S pole, N pole, S pole ···· ··; At least two permanent magnet blocks 2 have different magnetic fluxes;

A Hall 3 is fixedly disposed on the annular groove fixing plate 40 of the hollow ring 41. The Hall 3 is disposed near the permanent magnet block 2 and can sense the magnetic flux of each permanent magnet block 2, and the Hall 3 and the permanent magnet block There is a gap between 2; Hall 3 is a Hall that produces a rectangular wave output signal for the opposite magnetic polarity.

[2] The assist model processor 21 is a signal form converter that converts the digital signal of the circular groove rotating disk 1 into a power model digital signal;

The assist model processor 21 includes an analog-to-digital conversion and a wave width peak recognizer 22, a boost start point selector 23, a magnetic block rotational speed calculator 24, a boost model memory 25, and a boost model calculator 26;

The analog-to-digital conversion and wave-width peak identifier 22 is connected to the sensing element, and the analog-to-digital conversion and wave-width peak identifier 22 identifies the rectangular wave signal input by the Hall 3 in the sensing element to identify the width and peak of each rectangular wave. Each rectangular wave signal becomes a different digital signal, and each rectangular wave is labeled, and the analog-to-digital conversion and the wave width peak recognizer 22 outputs a magnetic block motion digital signal marked with a magnetic block position order;

The analog-to-digital conversion and wave-width peak recognizer 22 is connected to the assist start point selector 23 and the magnetic block rotational speed calculator 24, respectively, and the boost start point selector 23 is connected to the magnetic block rotational speed calculator 24; the magnetic block rotational speed calculator 24 uses analog-to-digital conversion And the digital signal of the magnetic block movement marked with the position of the magnetic block is input to the wave width peak identifier 22, and the rotational speed of the circular groove rotating disk 1 is calculated, and the digital signal of the rotational speed of the circular groove rotating disk 1 is transmitted to the assisting start selector. 23, the assist starting point selector 23 determines the one of the assist starting points corresponding to a certain rotational speed condition by using the magnetic block moving digital signal marked with the magnetic block position order and the rotational speed digital signal of the annular groove rotating disk 1. The rectangular wave, that is, the assist starting point magnet block; the assist starting point selector 23 and the magnetic block rotational speed calculator 24 are respectively connected to the assist model calculator 26, and the assist model memory 25 is also connected to the assist model calculator 26; the assist model calculator 26 The two conditions are selected by the assist starting point magnet of the assist starting point selector 23 and the rotating speed of the disc 1 by the annular groove of the magnetic block rotational speed calculator 24. Assisting one of the assist model functions in the model memory 25, and substituting the two conditions of the assist starting magnetic block and the annular groove rotating disk 1 into the assisting model function, and calculating the assisting model digital signal suitable for the two conditions, that is, The assist model calculator 26 outputs the boost model digital signal;

[3] The digital-to-analog converter 27 is an analog signal that converts the power-assisted model digital signal into a power-assisted model;

The boost model calculator 26 is connected to the digital-to-analog converter 27, and the digital-to-analog converter 27 converts the assist model digital signal of the assist model calculator 26 into the assist model analog signal;

[4] The operational amplifier 28 is an assist model analog signal that converts the assist model analog signal of the digital-to-analog converter 27 into a rated voltage range. The connection relationship between the sensor and the electric bicycle is: the annular groove rotating disk 1 of the sensor and the annular groove fixing plate 40 are sleeved outside the middle shaft 51 of the electric bicycle, and the annular groove fixing plate 40 and the sleeve 52 outside the middle shaft 51 The fixed connection, the annular groove rotating disk 1 of the sensor is fixedly connected with the central shaft 51 of the electric bicycle, the annular groove rotating disk 1 is synchronously rotated with the central shaft 51; the annular groove rotating disk 1 and the annular groove fixing plate 40 are arranged inside and outside. The fitting is a rotational connection; both the annular groove rotating disk 1 and the central axis 51 are the same center of rotation, and the signal output wire of the operational amplifier 28 in the sensor is connected to the signal input terminal of the motor controller 29 of the electric bicycle.

First, the description of the working principle of the sensor: According to the working principle, the sensor is divided into signal acquisition and signal processing, in order to explain the structural relationship and function of each component of the sensor. The signal acquisition is performed by the annular groove rotating disk 1, the annular groove fixing disk 40, the permanent magnetic block 2 and the Hall 3 of the sensing element to perform a function of acquiring signals; the signal processing is performed by the assist model processor 21, digital-to-analog conversion The comparator 27 and the operational amplifier 28 are sequentially connected to process the signal output from the Hall 3 into an assist model analog signal that can be used by the motor controller 29 of the electric bicycle.

[1] Description of the sensing element:

The annular groove rotating disk 1 is fitted with the annular groove fixing plate 40, and is relatively rotatable, thereby ensuring that the rotating position of the rotating disk 1 in the annular groove is not changed, and the sensing positions of the Hall 3 and all the permanent magnetic blocks 2 are not changed, so that The output signal of the Hall 3 is only related to the rotation of all the permanent magnet blocks 2, and is independent of the objects of the annular groove rotating disk 1 and the annular groove fixing disk 40; if the annular groove rotates the disk 1 and the annular groove fixing disk 40 is made of a metal material, and may have a shielding effect. Therefore, the ring 3 and the annular groove fixing plate 40 are used to rotate the Hall 3 and all the permanent magnet blocks 2 in the hollow ring 41 for sensing, thereby improving the Hall 3 The reliability and authenticity of the signal.

When the annular groove fixing plate 40 is fixed to an object, the annular groove is rotated to rotate the disk 1, and the respective permanent magnets 2 on the annular groove rotating disk 1 are swept over the Hall 3 on the annular groove fixing plate 40. Each permanent magnet block 2 can cause the Hall 3 to generate an electrical signal. Since the magnetic polarities of the adjacent permanent magnet blocks 2 are opposite, that is, the magnetic polarities of all the permanent magnet blocks 2 face the Hall 3 alternately south and north, the Hall 3 generates an electric signal as a rectangular wave signal, and the rectangular wave signal is convenient for digitization. Processing signals for digital control. In the prior art, all of the permanent magnet blocks 2 are facing the Hall 3 with the same magnetic polarity, and the Hall 3 can only generate a sine wave signal, so it can only be used for analog control; once the Hall 3 changes in the sensing parameters, the simulation Control can be distorted. However, the present invention realizes digital control by using a rectangular wave signal without causing a problem of controlling distortion.

The annular groove rotating plate 1 may be a plastic plate, a high-strength plate, a copper plate, an aluminum plate or the like which is not easily deformed. When the sensing element is used, the annular groove rotating disk 1 is rotated, so the annular groove rotating disk 1 is also called a rotating disk, and the center of rotation is the center of a circle in which a plurality of permanent magnet blocks 2 are distributed in a circular shape.

The plurality of permanent magnet blocks 2 are arranged in a circular shape in the shape of a circular ring 6 so that the motion state of all the permanent magnet blocks 2 on the rotating disk can be felt by only one Hall 3, that is, the annular groove is felt. Rotating the movement position and speed of all permanent magnet blocks 2 on the disk, and the change in speed, or acceleration, this Hall 3 can move the permanent magnet block 2 Expressed by a continuous electrical signal, and because all of the permanent magnet blocks 2 are respectively fixed on the annular groove rotating disk, that is, the annular groove rotating disk 1, the continuous electrical signal generated by the Hall 3 can express the annular groove. Rotate the motion state of the disc. If this continuous electrical signal is used to control other objects, this continuous electrical signal is the control signal. If it is used to control the motor of the bicycle, it is also necessary to use a single-chip computer or other electronic components as the sensor signal processor to convert the position, velocity and acceleration of the control signal into a boost signal that needs assistance. The function of the conversion is the power. A demand model, or a help model.

The meaning of the misalignment distribution of the plurality of permanent magnet blocks 2 is that the electric signals generated by the Hall 3 are not exactly the same pulse signals, but the pulse signals having different pulse widths, and the differential pulse signals are used to distinguish the permanent magnet blocks 2 The different positions of the permanent magnet block 2 at different positions can be obtained. It is possible to accurately express a certain position of the rotating disk of the annular groove, or each of the moving states of the permanent magnet block 2. For example, when it is used to assist bicycles, it can accurately express the need for power assistance in different positions of the pedals, so that the expression of the assistance demand is more accurate, and the cooperation between the vehicle and the person is more consistent.

The permanent magnet block 2 radius misalignment is distributed in such a manner that some of the permanent magnet blocks 2 are closer to the center of rotation of the ring-shaped groove rotating disk, and some of the permanent magnet blocks 2 are far from the center of rotation of the ring-shaped groove rotating disk. However, regardless of the distance, the permanent magnet block 2 must be within the range that the Hall 3 can sense and generate an electrical signal. The range in which the electrical signal can be generated is the range between the inner circular trajectory 5-1 and the outer circular trajectory 5-2. In order to ensure that the Hall 3 can generate an electrical signal, it is required that at least one circular trajectory line runs through the entire permanent magnet block 2 between the inner circular trajectory 5-1 and the outer circular trajectory 5-2. At least two permanent magnet blocks 2 have different distances from the center of the circle where the inner circular track line 5-1 is located. Of course, the distance from each permanent magnet block 2 to the center of the circle may be different, that is, the radius of each permanent magnet block 2 Not identical, so that each pulse of the Hall 3 electrical signal can be represented in the permanent magnet block 2, so that each pulse can represent an annular groove rotating disk position.

The arrangement of the permanent magnet block 2 pitch misalignment is: The outer edge of the permanent magnet block 2 is used as the basis for measuring the spacing, and the length of the at least two permanent magnet block spacings 7 is different. Of course, the length of each permanent magnet block is not 7 The same, so that each pulse of the Hall 3 electrical signal can be represented in the permanent magnet block 2, so that each pulse can represent an annular groove rotating disk position.

There are two methods for obtaining the misalignment of the permanent magnet block 2. The first one is to fix the permanent magnet block 2 on the annular groove rotating disk 1, and at least two permanent magnet blocks 2 are misaligned. The second type is that a permanent magnet block 2 can be provided at a plurality of positions in the strip-shaped short groove 8, and at least one strip-shaped short groove 8 is used on the annular groove rotating disk 1, and one or more permanent magnet blocks 2 are It is arranged in the strip-shaped short groove 8, and the position of the permanent magnet block 2 can be changed at any time according to the needs of the person, that is, the position in the strip-shaped short groove 8 where the permanent magnet block 2 is located is adjusted, and the fixed position is fixed, so that there is a strip The short groove 8 can adjust the dislocation distribution pattern of the permanent magnet block 2 at any time, and the same permanent magnet block 2 can be used to generate different output signals of the Hall 3, which produces different control effects. If used to power bicycles, it can give people different power-saving effects.

The meaning of the magnetic fluxes of the plurality of permanent magnet blocks 2 being different is that the electrical signals generated by the Hall 3 are not exactly the same. The signal, but the pulse signal with different peak-to-valley difference, uses different pulse signals to distinguish different positions of the different permanent magnet blocks 2, so that the motion state of the permanent magnet block 2 at different positions can be obtained. It is possible to accurately express a certain position of the rotating disk of the annular groove, or each of the motion states of the permanent magnet block 2. If used to assist bicycles, it can accurately express the need for power in different positions of the pedals, so that the expression of the assistance demand is more accurate, and the cooperation between the vehicle and the person is more consistent.

The magnetic fluxes of the plurality of permanent magnet blocks 2 are different, that is, the magnetic fluxes of the plurality of permanent magnet blocks 2 are varied, and the range of the change should be the range of magnetic flux that can be sensed by the same Hall 3 with the same position, that is, more The highest and lowest values of the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet block 2 should be within the range of the magnetic flux that Hall 3 can sense.

There are three methods for obtaining the magnetic flux variation distribution of the permanent magnet block. The first one is to fix the permanent magnet block 2 to the annular groove rotating disk 1, and at least two of the permanent magnet blocks 2 have different magnetic fluxes. The second type utilizes the specificity that the permanent magnet block 2 can be disposed at a plurality of positions in the strip-shaped short groove 8. At least one strip-shaped short groove 8 is formed on the annular groove rotating disk 1, and the permanent magnetic block having different magnetic fluxes is used. 2 is disposed in a strip-shaped short groove 8, and the position of the permanent magnet block 2 with different magnetic flux can be changed at any time according to the needs of the person, that is, the position of the permanent magnet block 2 in the strip-shaped short groove 8 is adjusted, and the adjustment will be performed. It is fixed, so that the strip-shaped short groove 8 can adjust the distribution of the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet block 2 at any time. The third type is to provide two or more holes for the single permanent magnet block 2 for fixing the permanent magnet block 2 on the annular groove rotating disk 1, or two or more strips on the annular groove rotating disk 1. Short-shaped grooves 8; in the single permanent magnet block 2 holes, or the strip-shaped short grooves 8 are provided with permanent magnet blocks 2 having different magnetic fluxes, and the permanent magnet blocks 2 having different magnetic fluxes can be set at different times according to human needs. The hole of the single permanent magnet block 2, or the strip-shaped short groove 8, achieves the purpose of varying the magnetic flux of the differently arranged permanent magnet block 2 on the annular groove rotating disk 1.

The Hall 3 is located close to the permanent magnet block 2 and can sense the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet block 2, and aims to sense the motion state of the permanent magnet block 2 by using the Hall 3, thereby feeling the motion state of the ring groove rotating disk 1, that is, the motion. Position, speed, acceleration.

The opposite magnetic polarity of the adjacent permanent magnet block 2 is an important technical feature, and the magnetic polarity distribution pattern of all the permanent magnet blocks 2 is

N pole, S pole, N pole, S pole, N pole, S pole ..., so that Hall 3 outputs high and low phase rectangular wave signals, because the circular groove as a limited size rotates the disk, and rotates for one week. Get as many accurate changes as possible, of course, should use rectangular waves. The peak-to-valley value of the rectangular wave signal changes for a short period of time, and can generate as many control signals as possible within a certain period of time. The structures of the adjacent permanent magnet blocks 2 having opposite magnetic polarities generate rectangular waves, and the structures of the adjacent permanent magnet blocks 2 having the same magnetic polarity generate sinusoidal waves, particularly when used to assist bicycles, the annular groove as a sensing member rotates. The disc is generally limited to a diameter of 10-15 cm. In this limited range, a signal with a control function is obtained, and one rotation is made, and the rectangular wave is generated 7 to 9 times more than the number of pulses that the sine wave can provide. Naturally, the structure with the opposite magnetic polarity of the adjacent permanent magnet blocks 2 has a better control effect on the assist bicycle, and the person and the vehicle cooperate better, and the rider feels more comfortable.

[II] Description of the assist model processor 21: The assist model processor 21 is a signal form converter that converts the digital signal rotated by the annular groove rotating disk 1 into a power model digital signal;

The assist model processor 21 includes an analog-to-digital conversion and a wave width peak recognizer 22, a boost start point selector 23, and a magnetic block turn The speed calculator 24, the assist model memory 25 and the assist model calculator 26; the processing ideas of the signals of these components are: decomposing the rectangular wave signal of the Hall 3 in the sensing element into a position digital signal indicating the position of the magnetic block 2, and The speed digital signal indicating the rotational speed of the circular groove rotating disk 1 can be used as a digital signal for position and speed, and can be processed by the mathematical model of the position and speed. The mathematical model can be assisted according to the best feeling of the person, and the power can be assisted. The boosting model digital signal output by the model processor 21 has the best assisting mathematical model, and the starting point and the ending point of the assisting mathematical model. Because there is a position digital signal of the magnetic block 2, the starting point and the ending point are accurate and People's boosting needs are fully synchronized. The problem that the prior art does not have the position signal of the magnetic block 2 causes the human power demand and the power assist model to be mismatched, and the operation of the power assist model is delayed by the power demand, and the problem of the prior art is solved, and the power is only forced to be small. Force, we must give strength to the small force, do not force and give power and other problems. The connection relationship and functions of the components in the assist model processor 21 are as follows:

The analog-to-digital conversion and wave-width peak identifier 22 is connected to the sensing element, and the analog-to-digital conversion and wave-width peak identifier 22 identifies the rectangular wave signal input by the Hall 3 in the sensing element to identify the width and peak of each rectangular wave. Each of the rectangular wave signals becomes a different digital signal, and each rectangular wave is labeled, and the analog-to-digital conversion and the wave-width peak recognizer 22 outputs a rectangular wave signal marked with the order of the magnetic block. In this way, the rectangular wave signal having the difference in length and peak value of the waveform is changed into a rectangular wave signal marked with data, and it is convenient to perform the arithmetic processing of the rectangular wave length and the peak value into the rectangular wave position data in the subsequent digitizing process. Therefore, the analog-to-digital conversion and the wave-width peak recognizer 22 is a processor that converts the rectangular wave length and the peak indicating the position of the magnetic block into a digital signal for indicating the position of the magnetic block with data. This is an important invention that distinguishes the present invention from the existing assisted bicycle. With the digital signal indicating the position of the magnetic block with data, the present invention can find one or each magnetic on the circular groove rotating disk 1 which circulates in a circular motion. The block position, for the motor 30 to start to generate power, increase the power, reduce the power, stop the power and other motor 30 work to find the starting point and the end point, so that the power demand can be matched with the motor 30 assist behavior, avoiding the existing power bicycle is difficult to achieve When the man-machine cooperates, the motor 30 does not rotate when there is a need for assistance, and the motor 30 does not stop when the power is not required, and even causes a collision accident.

The analog-to-digital conversion and wave-width peak recognizer 22 is connected to the assist start point selector 23 and the magnetic block rotational speed calculator 24, respectively, and the boost start point selector 23 is connected to the magnetic block rotational speed calculator 24; the magnetic block rotational speed calculator 24 uses analog-to-digital conversion And the digital signal of the magnetic block movement marked with the position of the magnetic block is input to the wave width peak identifier 22, and the rotational speed of the circular groove rotating disk 1 is calculated, and the digital signal of the rotational speed of the circular groove rotating disk 1 is transmitted to the assisting start selector. 23, the assist starting point selector 23 determines the one of the assist starting points corresponding to a certain rotational speed condition by using the magnetic block moving digital signal marked with the magnetic block position order and the rotational speed digital signal of the annular groove rotating disk 1. Rectangular waves, that is, the starting point of the magnetic block is determined. Since the determined starting point magnetic block is a rectangular wave with data annotation, the assist starting point magnetic block has a unique corresponding position of the magnetic block 2, so that the assisting starting point selector 23 completes the position of the magnetic block 2 for finding the starting point of the assisting force, It is also possible to determine when a certain magnetic block 2 is in position, start or end the motor to perform some kind of assisting model motion. This reaches the human control ring The specific magnetic block 2 of the groove rotating disk 1 moves synchronously, and the specific magnetic block 2 controls the motor 30 to perform a specific synchronous rotation, thereby realizing the purpose of synchronously controlling the motor, and the starting point and the end point of the control are not inaccurate, and the starting point of the control does not occur. And the problem of the end point delay. However, when the existing assist bicycle is unable to find the starting position synchronized with the person when starting and assisting, the problem of the starting point and the end point delay of the control will be generated.

The assist starting point selector 23 and the magnetic block rotational speed calculator 24 are respectively connected to the assist model calculator 26, and the assist model memory 25 is also connected to the assist model calculator 26; the assist model calculator 26 uses the assist starting point of the assist starting point selector 23 The block, and the rotational condition of the disk 1 by the annular groove of the magnetic block rotational speed calculator 24, selects one of the assist model functions in the assist model memory 25, and rotates the starting magnetic block and the annular groove to rotate the disk 1 These two conditions are substituted into the assist model function to calculate the assist model digital signal suitable for these two conditions, that is, the assist model calculator 26 can output the assist model digital signal.

[3] Description of the digital-to-analog converter 27: The digital-to-analog converter 27 is an analog signal that converts the power-assisted model digital signal into a power-assisted model.

The assist model calculator 26 is connected to the digital-to-analog converter 27, which converts the assist model digital signal of the assist model calculator 26 into a boost model analog signal. In order to output an analog signal of the boost model to the motor controller 29 which can only process the analog signal.

[4] Explanation of the operational amplifier 28: The operational amplifier 28 is an assist model analog signal that converts the assist model analog signal of the digital-to-analog converter 27 into a rated voltage range.

The digital-to-analog converter 27 is connected to the operational amplifier 28. The power-assisted model analog signal of the digital-to-analog converter 27 solves the power-assisted model problem, but the voltage of the power-assisted model signal cannot meet the needs of the motor controller 29, so an operational amplifier is also used. The 28 assisted model analog signal required to convert the boost model analog signal into the rated voltage range can be transmitted to the motor controller 29.

Second, the description of the connection between the sensor and the electric bicycle to form a power-assisted bicycle:

In order to explain the physical installation, the sensor is divided into a mechanical component and a sensing component from the physical aspect to illustrate the structural relationship between each physical object of the sensor and the physical object of the electric bicycle. The mechanical component is in a rotationally coupled relationship by the annular groove rotating disk 1 and the annular groove fixing disk 40, and is formed into a ring-shaped inner casing structure. A sensing component is mounted in the annular space of the housing, and the plurality of permanent magnet blocks 2 of the sensing component are fixed on the inner surface of the annular groove rotating disk 1 in the annular inner space of the housing, and the permanent magnet block 2 and the annular groove rotating disk 1 Synchronous rotation causes the plurality of permanent magnet blocks 2 to rotate in synchronization with the bicycle footrest 54 to achieve the purpose of using the plurality of permanent magnet blocks 2 to represent the cyclist's mechanical action for the assisting demand. The Hall 3 of the sensing member, the assist model processor 21, the digital-to-analog converter 27 and the operational amplifier 28 are fixed to the inner surface of the annular annular groove fixing disk 40 in the annular inner casing of the casing, the annular groove fixing plate 40 and the bicycle frame The sleeve 52 is fixed so that the annular groove fixing plate 40 does not rotate with the annular groove rotating disk 1, and the sensing member Hall 3 fixed on the annular groove fixing plate 40, the auxiliary mold The type processor 21, the digital-to-analog converter 27 and the operational amplifier 28 also do not rotate with the annular groove rotating disk 1, so that the Hall 3 can sense the rotational position of all the permanent magnet blocks 2 with a fixed position, so that the cyclist can be The mechanical actions for the power-assisted demand are all turned into electrical signals, and then the sensing component assists the model processor 21, the digital-to-analog converter 27, and the operational amplifier 28, and changes the power demand signal of the Hall 3 into a human-machine-assisted power assist model. The signal, the operational amplifier 28 transmits the human-machine-assisted power-assisted model electrical signal to the motor controller 29, and the motor controller 29 controls the motor 30 to rotate in a human-machine-matched manner, thereby finally realizing the assisted bicycle to move in the best demand mode of the person, that is, Achieve the effect of man-machine matching.

The signals output by the signal processing components in the sensor of the present invention are:

Hall 3 outputs a rectangular wave signal;

The assist model processor 21 outputs the assist model digital signal;

The analog-to-digital conversion and the wave width peak recognizer 22 outputs a magnetic block motion digital signal marked with a magnetic block position order; the assist start point selector 23 outputs a determined starting point position signal of the assist starting magnetic block;

The magnetic block rotational speed calculator 24 calculates and outputs a digital signal of the rotational speed of the annular groove rotating disk 1;

The assist model memory 25 stores a plurality of boost model function spares, and outputs a digital signal of the selected boost model function; the boost model calculator 26 calculates and outputs a boost model digital signal to be used for the control function;

The digital-to-analog converter 27 outputs an assist model analog signal that converts the power model digital signal into a power model;

The operational amplifier 28 outputs an assist model analog signal that converts the assist model analog signal into a rated voltage range;

The thermistor R6 ensures that the operational amplifier 28 outputs a boost model analog signal of the rated voltage range, that is, a standard boost model analog signal.

A thermistor R6 is provided to solve the problem of the analog model analog signal drift, and the thermistor R6 is connected between the input terminal and the output terminal of the operational amplifier 28.

Hall 3, digital-to-analog converter 27 and operational amplifier 28 are both semiconductor devices and have the function of processing analog signals. It is easy to drift signal parameters with temperature changes, especially in summer and winter, and the bicycles are all outdoors. The effect of temperature variation on the signal parameter drift is obvious. Therefore, it is better to perform signal drift correction on the signal output from the operational amplifier 28 to obtain a standard power assist model analog signal that is not affected by temperature changes, and pass the standard assist model analog signal to the motor controller 29 The motor 30 is controlled to operate, and the person riding the bicycle does not feel the difference in the summer and winter power assist effects.

The boost model processor 21 is a single chip microcomputer 31 to which a clock circuit 32 is connected. The functions of the analog-to-digital conversion and the wave width peak recognizer 22, the assist start point selector 23, the magnetic block rotational speed calculator 24, the boost model memory 25, and the assist model calculator 26 are completed by the single chip microcomputer 31. The clock signal of the clock circuit 32 is used to distinguish the rectangular wave signal input by the Hall 3, and the length of each clock signal is preferably 0.001 second.

Structural relationship between the mechanical components of the sensor and the sensing component: The mechanical components of the sensor include an annular groove rotating disk 1 And a matching annular groove fixing plate 40, the sensing component of the sensor comprises a plurality of permanent magnet blocks 2, a Hall 3, a single chip microcomputer 31, a digital to analog converter 27 and an operational amplifier 28; 3. The four electronic components of the single chip microcomputer 31, the digital to analog converter 27 and the operational amplifier 28 are disposed on a circuit board 59; a plurality of permanent magnet blocks 2 are fixed on the inner wall of the annular groove rotating disk 1 of the hollow ring 41, in the hollow ring The inner wall of the annular groove fixing disk 40 of 41 fixes the circuit board 59. The Hall 3 on the circuit board 59 is provided to sense the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet block 2, and the Hall 3 can output the position of the varying electrical signal according to the change of the magnetic flux. The sensing component is the sensing function of the sensor; the mechanical component has two functions. The first is to fix the relative position of each component in the sensing component, so that each component can form a sensing functional whole, and the second is to This sensing function is fixed on the electric bicycle as a whole, and makes the sensing function as a whole to sense the movement state of the electric bicycle. The four electronic components of the sequentially connected Hall 3, the single chip microcomputer 31, the digital-to-analog converter 27 and the operational amplifier 28 are arranged on a circuit board 59, which is advantageous for integration, modularization and miniaturization of the four electronic components. The four electronic components are integrally fixed to the inner wall of the annular groove fixing disk 40 of the hollow ring 41, which simplifies the process of manufacturing the sensor.

The preferred model and specific connection mode of the components of the sensor of the present invention are: Hall 3 is UGN3075, power model processor 21 is AT89S52 single chip 31, digital to analog converter 27 is ADC-C8E; operational amplifier 28 is 0F_17F, 0F-17F A thermistor R6 is connected between the input terminal 2 of the operational amplifier 28 and the output terminal 6; the connection relationship of the components is as follows:

The signal output terminal 3 of Hall 3 is connected to the 12-pin INTO [P32] of the single chip microcomputer 31 _;

MCU 31's 39-pin P00 is connected to the digital-to-analog converter 27's 12-pin B8;

Mp 31 of the MCU 31 pin P01 is connected to the digital-to-analog converter 27 of the 11-pin B7;

MCU 31's 37-pin P02 is connected to the digital-to-analog converter 27's 10 feet B6;

MCU 31's 36-pin P03 is connected to the digital-to-analog converter 27's 9-pin B5;

MCU 31's 35-pin P04 is connected to the digital-to-analog converter 27's 8-pin B4;

The 34-pin P05 of the MCU 31 is connected to the 7-pin B3 of the digital-to-analog converter 27;

The 32-pin P06 of the MCU 31 is connected to the 6-pin B2 of the digital-to-analog converter 27;

The 32-pin P07 of the MCU 31 is connected to the 5-pin B1 of the digital-to-analog converter 27;

The 4-pin of the digital-to-analog converter 27 is connected to the 2 pin of the operational amplifier 28;

The 2-pin of the digital-to-analog converter 27 is connected to the 3 pin of the operational amplifier 28;

The 6th pin of the operational amplifier 28 is the analog signal output.

A thermistor R6 is connected between the input pin 2 of the 0F-17F operational amplifier 28 and the pin 6 of the output terminal, and a capacitor C6 is also connected in parallel across the thermistor R6. Preferably, the thermistor R6 is 5K, the capacitor C6 is 8Ρ, and the 4 pin of the digital-to-analog converter 27 and the 2 pin of the operational amplifier 28 are grounded by R25 of 1.25k. Make it possible to adjust the operational amplifier with thermistor R6 The voltage range of the analog signal output of the 286 is stable between 0. 8-4. 2V.

A bearing 42 is provided between the outer surface of the inner ring of the annular groove fixing disk 40 and the inner surface of the inner ring of the annular groove rotating disk 1. The bearing 42 maintains a good relative rotation between the annular groove fixing disk 40 and the annular groove rotating disk 1 for a long time.

The outer surface of the annular groove fixing plate 40 of the sensor is provided with a circular recess 58; the circular recess 58 is engaged with the sleeve 52 outside the shaft 51 of the electric bicycle, and the sleeve 52 is sleeved and fixedly connected in the circular recess 58. . The circular recess 58 of the fixing plate 40 is fixed to the sleeve 52 outside the shaft 51 of the electric bicycle, and has the advantages of simple assembly, convenient cleaning and beautiful appearance.

The strip-shaped short groove 8 is an arc-shaped structure, and the arc of the strip-shaped short groove 8 is concentric with the inner circular trajectory 5-1. This configuration allows the output signal produced by Hall 3 to change the length of the peak or trough. It can be used as a start signal for a changed peak or trough length to enable the controlled object to activate another set of working procedures. If used to assist the bicycle, changing the position of the permanent magnet block 2 in the strip-shaped short groove 8, the assisting model can be changed, such as a small person assist model, a woman assist model, a youth assist model, a sports assist model, Leisure power assist model. Can be used for the second, changed peak or trough length is only used to change the control effect of this peak or trough. If used to assist the bicycle, only the boosting effect of the position of the permanent magnet block 2 is changed.

The strip short groove 8 is an oblique structure, that is, the ends of the strip short groove 8 are not equal to the center of the inner circular track line 5-1, respectively. However, the strip short groove 8 should be in the range between the inner circular track line 5-1 and the outer circular track line 5-2, so that the Hall 3 can sense the signal of the permanent magnet block 2 in the strip short groove 8. . The oblique strip-shaped short groove 8 has the same action and effect as the above-described curved strip-shaped short groove 8.

The length of at least one permanent magnet block pitch 7 is not equal to any other permanent magnet block pitch 7, and the magnetic flux of at least one of the permanent magnet blocks 2 is not equal to the magnetic flux of any other permanent magnet block 2. The strip short groove 8 is a structure for adjusting and fixing the permanent magnet block 2 at different positions. By adjusting the position of the permanent magnet block 2, it can be realized that the length of at least one permanent magnet block pitch 7 is not equal to any other permanent magnet block pitch 7, and the magnetic flux of at least one permanent magnet block 2 is not equal to any other permanent magnet block 2 Magnetic flux. By adjusting the position of the permanent magnet block 2 in the strip-shaped short groove 8, or by replacing the different permanent magnet pieces 2 in the strip-shaped short groove 8, a position of the foot pedal can be realized with a special length of the permanent magnet block spacing 7 It is also represented by a permanent magnet block 2 of a special magnetic flux, which indicates that the accuracy and reliability of the position of the permanent magnet block 2 are greatly improved. Because of the circular motion of the bicycle pedal, it is important to determine the speed of the pedal motion in order to obtain the speed of the current circular motion.

Preferably, the length of at least two permanent magnet block pitches 7 is not equal to any other one of the permanent magnet block pitches 7, and the two special length permanent magnet block pitches 7 respectively correspond to two foot pedals for indicating two bicycles. The position of the foot pedal. Similarly, it is preferable that the magnetic flux of at least two permanent magnet blocks 2 is not equal to the magnetic flux of any one of the other permanent magnet blocks 2, and the two special magnetic flux permanent magnet blocks 2 correspond to two foot pedals, respectively, for indicating The position of the two pedals of the bicycle. One of the inner edges of the strip-shaped short grooves 8 is provided with two or more toothed projections 9. In order to fix the permanent magnet block 2 at one of a plurality of positions in the strip-shaped short groove 8, the permanent magnet block 2 is prevented from being self-changing when the annular groove is rotated, so that the strip-shaped short groove 8 is used. The toothed projection 9 stabilizes the permanent magnet block 2 at a certain fixed position.

The strip short groove 8 and the permanent magnet block 2 are detachable snap connection structures.

The Hall 3 is disposed between the inner circular trajectory 5-1 and the outer circular trajectory 5-2. Since the Hall 3 is a component capable of sensing the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet block 2 and outputting an electric signal, and in order to minimize the volume of the permanent magnet block 2, the permanent magnet block is disposed as much as possible on the annular groove rotating disk 1. 2. The permanent magnet block 2 which is minimized can be induced by the Hall 3; the Hall 3 should be disposed between the inner circular track line 5-1 and the outer circular track line 5-2, and is preferably located at It is close to the position of the circular trajectory that can penetrate all of the permanent magnet blocks 2.

The annular groove rotating disk 1 is provided with a center hole in a circle in which the inner circular track line 5-1 of the plurality of permanent magnet blocks 2 is located. If the annular groove rotating disk 1 is to be worn over a rotating shaft, the annular groove rotating disk 1 is provided with a hole for threading the rotating shaft; to ensure that the annular groove rotates the disk 1 while rotating with the rotating shaft, The Hall 3 can sense the motion signal of each permanent magnet block 2 on the rotating groove 1 of the annular groove, and the through hole on the rotating groove 1 of the annular groove should be set in the inner circular trajectory 5 of the plurality of permanent magnet blocks 2. -1 is located in the center of the circle range. Since the inner circular trajectory line 5-1 and the outer circular trajectory line 5-2 are concentric circles, of course, the through hole is at the center of the circle of the outer circular trajectory line 5-2, and the sleeve is worn. The hole is a central position hole of the inner circular trajectory line 5-1 and the outer circular trajectory line 5-2, that is, the center hole. That is to say, the center hole is not necessarily circular, and may be a square, a triangle or the like so as to be sleeved with a rotating shaft of a square, a triangle or the like, but the inner space of the center hole must include an inner circular trajectory 5-1. At the center of the circle, a Hall 3 can be used to sense the motion signal of all the permanent magnet blocks 2 on the rotating disk of the annular groove rotating disk 1 to rotate the disk.

The annular groove rotating disk 1 is a plastic plate, an aluminum plate, or a copper plate of a non-magnetic material. Since the present invention is a structure in which the magnetic polarities of the adjacent permanent magnet blocks 2 are opposite to each other, the edges of the adjacent permanent magnet blocks 2 can be made to be close to each other, and the Hall 3 can output an electric signal having a control function.

The invention has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, unlimited number of permanent magnet blocks on the permanent magnet block ring, output of standard pulse signals, no signal dead zone, and complete representation of only one Hall of output signals. The entire motion state of the moving plate, the output signal will not be distorted and not drifted, and the two positions of the permanent magnet block position change and the magnetic flux change indicate the fixed position, and the output signal can have the moving position of each permanent magnet block. The output information model can be The adjustment is used to assist the bicycle, so that the assist output and the power demand can be highly matched to make the rider feel comfortable, only the automatic assist, and the function of personalization.

(1) Simple structure, no elastic parts, no mechanical failure: Use Hall to feel the rotation output signal of multiple permanent magnet blocks, and use the speed provided by Chinese patent 01201843. 0 to calculate the principle of torque. Various mathematical models can be used to calculate the assist bicycle. The torque parameter is used to control the motor of the bicycle to achieve power. No elastic parts, simple structure, low cost Use elastic parts and mechanically stressed sensors. It avoids the problem of deformation of various mechanical parts, no mechanical failure, and poor fit after prolonged use.

(2) The magnetic polarity is opposite, the output rectangular wave signal has precise control function: Since the magnetic polarity of the adjacent permanent magnet block is opposite, and Hall selects the Hall which generates the rectangular wave output signal to the opposite magnetic polarity, the adjacent permanent magnet Regardless of the spacing of the blocks, Hall can output a rectangular wave signal even if there is no gap between adjacent permanent magnet blocks. For power-assisted bicycles, it is better to use a rectangular wave output signal to control the motor of the assist bicycle than to use a sine wave, because the rectangular wave can make the signal at any point in time, and the signal indicating the position and speed of the motion is accurate, so that it can be accurately represented. The position and speed of the bicycle pedal are assisted to calculate the correct power demand for the sporty state with the precise position and speed of the pedal.

(3) The magnetic polarity of adjacent permanent magnet blocks is opposite, and the number of permanent magnet blocks is not limited. The sensing points can be increased as much as possible: Since the magnetic polarity is opposite, the rectangular wave signal is output, and the adjacent permanent magnet blocks have no gap even if they are The output signal is still a number, distinguishable rectangular wave signal, and still has a control function, that is, it does not output a non-changing linear signal without control function. For the purpose of assisting the bicycle, since the diameter of the rotating groove of the annular groove associated with the pedal is limited, the number of permanent magnets can be increased as much as possible on the rotating disk of the ring groove of a predetermined size, and the sensing point can be increased as much as possible. As many sensor signals as possible indicate the position and speed of the bicycle pedal movement, accurately indicating the motion state.

(4) The magnetic polarity of adjacent permanent magnet blocks is opposite. There may be more permanent magnet blocks and more sensing points. The motion state of the rotating disk of the annular groove is accurate: for the bicycle used to assist the bicycle, the ring of the permanent magnet block is fixed. The size of the rotating disk of the groove is strictly limited. Generally, the diameter of the rotating disk of the annular groove can only be within 10-15 cm. In order to obtain the magnetic pole signal of the permanent magnetic block under the condition of the spacing, the diameter of the permanent magnetic block is at least For the Φ 0. 6-0. 8 cm, the ring groove with a diameter of 10-15 cm can be set with 35-73 permanent magnet blocks without gaps around the rotating disk [( 10-1 ) *3. 14/0. 8=35; ( 15-1 ) *3. 14/0. 6=73 ], that is, the pedal is turned one week, Hall can obtain 35_73 signals for controlling the motor of the bicycle. However, if the magnetic poles of the adjacent permanent magnet blocks have the same magnetic polarity, the adjacent permanent magnet blocks are spaced by 5 cm, and on the rotating disk of the diameter of 10-15 cm, only 5-8 permanent magnets can be set. Block [( 10-1 ) *3. 14/5. 8=5; ( 15-1 ) *3. 14/5. 6=8 ]. It can be seen that the patented technology can set the permanent magnet block 7-9 times more than the prior art [35/5=6; 73/8=9], and set more 30-65 permanent magnet blocks [35-5=30; 73_8 =65 ]. Therefore, the annular groove rotates the disk one turn, and the patented technology adds 7-9 times the circular groove rotating disk rotation position signal than the prior art. The motor control accuracy of the assist bicycle is naturally increased by 7-9 times, which makes the rider's assistance demand accuracy also improved by 7-9 times. The cooperation degree between the vehicle and the person is greatly improved, and the rider's comfort is greatly increased. It is no longer a quick, uncomfortable feeling of the prior art booster bicycle. According to the actual experience of the present invention, when 15 permanent magnet blocks are arranged on the rotating groove of the annular groove, substantially eliminating 5-8 permanent magnet blocks in the prior art, the speed of the bicycle is fastened. A slow and uncomfortable feeling; When the circular groove is rotated on the disk and the hook is set to 20 permanent magnet blocks, the cooperation between the car and the person can meet the needs of the person, and the feeling of riding the bicycle is very comfortable. (5) There is no signal blind zone, and the assisting demand will be matched at any time: This patent can set up to 35-73 permanent magnet blocks around the circular groove rotating disk with a diameter of 10-15 cm. The average angle between them is 5-10 degrees. Used to assist bicycles, when starting or running, the pedals have 4-7 permanent magnet blocks from a range of 10 degrees from the apex of 10-45 degrees (a signal at a 10 degree angle from the apex) ), Hall can output 4-7 control signals to respond to the power demand, and can achieve excellent technical effects with help in any position and at any time, so that the car and people can cooperate well, and the rider feels labor-saving. Comfortable.

(6) Only one Hall is used, one control signal indicates the full motion state of the rotating disk of the annular groove, the control signal is completely consistent with the motion state of the rotating disk of the annular groove, and the control signal is exactly the same as the human demand: The block is fixed on the rotating disk of the annular groove, and the permanent magnet block rotates synchronously with the rotating disk of the annular groove, and the motion signal of all the permanent magnetic blocks is sensed by one Hall, and the control signal of the Hall output and the rotating groove of the annular groove are rotated. The motion state is completely consistent, and the human demand is exactly the same, and the control signal does not have the original segmentation error and signal drift problem. Even if the Hall sensing parameter changes, the entire control signal moves in parallel. As long as the receiving range of the motor controller receiving the Hall control signal is wide, the control effect of the changed Hall control signal changes systematically. If used to assist bicycles, the power demand model will not be distorted, and the power output and power demand will still maintain the original model. Cyclists can easily grasp the systematic changes of this power performance.

(7) There is a misalignment between the permanent magnet blocks and a change in the magnetic flux. The permanent magnet block more reliably represents the motion state of a specific position: because the permanent magnet block is misaligned in the radial direction or the arc line spacing is misaligned, the misaligned permanent magnet block The Hall outputs a control signal with a unique wave spacing; and because the magnetic flux of each permanent magnet block also changes, each permanent magnet block also causes the Hall to output a control signal having a unique peak-to-valley difference waveform, so that each rectangular wave of the control signal has The wave spacing and the peak-to-valley difference are two waveform changes, that is, the wave spacing and the peak-to-valley difference are used to represent a certain moving position of the permanent magnet block, and the control signal indicates that the motion state of the permanent magnet block is more accurate. . For example, each permanent magnet block has its own specific misalignment site, and there is a special magnetic flux. How many permanent magnet blocks can be obtained, and how many motion state signals with two waveform changes can be obtained. For the purpose of assisting the bicycle, the annular groove rotating disk has a diameter of 10-15 cm or less, and the annular groove rotates the disk one turn, and the Hall can obtain 35-73 different positions, which are motion state control signals of two waveform changing modes. Naturally know the boosting needs of 35-73 sites. Obviously, the circular groove rotates the disk one turn. The prior art can only have a power requirement of 5-8 sine waves, which is far less than the power demand signal of up to 35-73 two waveform changes in this patent. It can respond to the needs of the rider in a true, multi-informative and reliable manner. That is to say, the bicycle is equipped with the patented technology, and the vehicle can be more consistent with the needs of the person. The rider feels that the pedal is in any rotational position, and he can completely control the speed and comfort. However, the prior art assist bicycle can only control the vehicle speed in a maximum of 5-8 rotation positions.

(8) The position of the permanent magnet block and the magnetic flux can be adjusted, and the model of the control signal can be adjusted as needed to realize individualized control: in the permanent magnet block on the rotating disk of the annular groove, such as adjusting the spacing between the permanent magnet blocks And magnetic flux, Hall loses In the signal, the waveform of the permanent magnet block adjusting the pitch and the magnetic flux will change the wave spacing and the peak-to-valley difference, that is, the signal model changes, and different signal models can be selected to control the controlled object to realize personalized control. . For the purpose of assisting the bicycle, the appropriate signal model can be selected according to the strength of different people, or the habit of force, that is, according to different people adjusting the assisting model, the assisting bicycle can not only automate the assist, but also has the function of assisting by personalization.

(9) Rotating the annular groove of the disk with a relatively rotatable annular groove to fix the housing, fixing the relative position of the Hall and all the permanent magnet blocks, avoiding environmental interference outside the casing, and improving the reliability of the Hall signal. Sexuality, authenticity, and convenience for installation, commissioning, maintenance, etc.

The Hall signal can be digitized, and the control signal can be added to the control model of the best fit of the human machine: the rectangular wave signal with the position of the magnetic block and the rotational speed of the magnetic block is changed into the digital signal of the two elements, with the set, The mathematical aid model suitable for human-machine cooperation converts the digital signals of the two elements into the digital signal of the assist model, converts the digital signal of the assist model into the analog signal of the boost model, and finally turns the analog signal of the boost model into a stable voltage range. The control signal available for the rated power of the motor controller (29). In short, the signal of the rotation of the magnetic block is digitized. In the process of digitization processing, a mathematical assist model is added, so that the control signal finally outputted by the sensor contains the added assisting model. Since the mathematical assist model is artificially set, the mathematical assist model can always be set to the model most suitable for human-machine coordination. The sensor of the present invention can output a control signal that can achieve the best human-machine coordination. However, the magnetic poles of the existing bicycle sensor have the same magnetic pole on the same side, and the Hall cannot obtain the rectangular wave signal, so the Hall signal cannot be digitized. The control model can only partially modify the Hall signal, so it cannot A control signal that achieves the best fit of the output man-machine.

(10) The final output control signal will not have signal drift: The thermistor R6 feedback adjustment of the output signal of the operational amplifier can solve the drift of the analog model analog signal by semiconductor devices such as Hall, digital-to-analog converter and operational amplifier. The problem is that the sensor finally outputs a standard boost model analog signal that is not subject to ambient temperature changes.

(11) The working mode of the motor that can achieve the best cooperation between man and machine: the analog-to-digital conversion and the wave-width peak recognizer convert each rectangular wave signal into a different digital signal, and the assist model calculator can be used to assist the starting point selector in the assist model memory. The selected mathematical model that best matches the boosting demand, and the speed parameter provided by the magnetic block speed calculator is substituted into the assisting mathematical model, and the assist model calculator can calculate the assist of the pedal in a certain position. Model digital signal. The power model digital signal is a control signal for controlling the motor that can best match the electric bicycle. The power model calculator is a digital processor that can accept any digitized mathematical model. The power model memory can provide any artificially set mathematical model to the power model calculator. It is possible to set up a mathematical model that best matches the person with the electric bicycle. The model memory has been set up to enable the best fit between the human and the electric bicycle. The motor can work optimally with the electric bicycle. The mathematical model can also make the motor the most reasonable. Start and run models, the most energy efficient work the way. Therefore, the assist bicycle of the present invention is a power-saving bicycle that is optimally matched with an electric bicycle.

However, in one rotation cycle of the existing bicycle pedal, Hall can only output less than 10 sine wave signals, and the sine wave signal cannot be converted into a digital signal. It is impossible to artificially add the optimal power model to control the electric bicycle motor. The power assist model of the bicycle can not achieve the best fit of the man-machine, nor can the motor have the most reasonable and power-saving working mode.

(12) Power saving effect and significance: The power-assisted bicycle of the present invention is compared with the commercially available power-assisted bicycle with the same magnetic pole as the sensing component on the same magnetic pole, and the same electric bicycle is used for replacement. In the way of different sensors, the same rider rides on the same road section and the result is: After riding the 110 km of the assisted bicycle of the invention, the battery still has a small amount of electricity; but with the booster bicycle purchased in the city After riding for 45 kilometers, there is no battery left. The significance of the power saving is that the fully-powered bicycle of the present invention can satisfy the whole day riding without charging, and solves the big problem that the bicycle is unable to assist the existing assist bicycle on the way.

DRAWINGS

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the multi-magnetic block on the rotating disk of the annular groove and the uneven distribution of magnetic flux at each point, the position of the magnetic block can be adjusted, and the sensing element of the permanent magnetic block NS alternates, the thickness of the permanent magnet block in the figure Different means that the magnetic flux is different; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the high-density magnetic block on the rotating disk of the annular groove and the uneven magnetic flux distribution at each point, and the position of the magnetic block can be adjusted, and the permanent magnet block is alternately connected to the NS. The difference in the thickness of the middle permanent magnet block indicates that the magnetic flux is different; FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of the central axis of the bicycle and the connection relationship between the sleeve and the sensor;

4 is a block diagram of signal flow of a Hall, a power assist model processor, a digital to analog converter, and an operational amplifier;

Figure 5 is a circuit diagram of a Hall, a microcontroller, a digital-to-analog converter, and an operational amplifier;

Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing the connection relationship of the sensor provided on the center shaft of the electric bicycle to constitute the assist bicycle of the present invention.

In the figure, 1 is an annular groove rotating disk, 2 is a permanent magnet block, 3 is a Hall, 5-1 is an inner circular trajectory, 5-2 is an outer circular trajectory, 6 is a circular ring, and 7 is a permanent The magnetic block spacing, 8 is a strip hole, 9 is a toothed convex, 21 is a power assist model processor, 22 is an analog to digital conversion and a wave width peak recognizer, 23 is a power assist starting point selector, 24 is a magnetic block speed calculator, 25 is the boost model memory, 26 is the boost model calculator, 27 is the digital-to-analog converter, 28 is the operational amplifier, 29 is the motor controller, 30 is the motor, 31 is the microcontroller, 32 is the clock circuit, 40 is the annular groove fixed The disc, 41 is a hollow ring, 42 is a bearing, 51 is a center shaft, 52 is a bushing, 53 is a chain plate, 54 is a foot pedal, 55 is a battery, 58 is a circular recess, and 59 is a circuit board.

detailed description

Embodiment 1. A booster bicycle capable of adjusting a sensor with a magnetic block position and a magnetic flux in a casing

1, 3, 4, 6, the sensor of the present invention is mounted on the center shaft 51 of the existing electric bicycle, and the signal output line of the sensor is connected to the motor controller 29 of the electric bicycle, thereby obtaining the present invention. Power bicycles. First, the electric bicycle component and structure related to the installation of the sensor: The electric bicycle has a middle shaft 51, the middle portion 51 has a sleeve 52 in the middle portion, and the middle shaft 51 is rotatably connected with the sleeve 52; the chain shaft 53 is fixed on the central shaft 51. The inner shaft 51 is respectively fixed with a foot pedal 54; the inner surface of the sleeve 52 is rotatably connected with the central shaft 51, and the outer surface of the sleeve 52 is fixedly connected with the frame of the electric bicycle; the electric battery 55 is connected to the motor control The motor controller 29 is coupled to the motor 30 on the wheel.

Second, the structure of the sensor and the connection relationship of the components are as follows:

With the concave surface of both the annular groove rotating disk 1 and an annular groove fixing disk 40, the annular groove rotating disk 1 and the annular groove fixing disk 40 are sized so that the annular groove fixing disk 40 can be fitted in the ring shape. The concave groove rotates the annular groove of the disk 1 to form a fitting inner hollow outer casing of two disks, the concave surfaces of the two disks are sandwiched into a hollow ring 41; the annular groove at the position of the hollow ring 41 rotates the disk 1 There are 20 permanent magnet blocks 2 fixed on the top. The annular groove rotating disk 1 and the annular groove fixing disk 40 are injection molded from high-strength plastic.

8厘米的磁磁量, The magnetic flux is 0. 8cm, the magnetic flux is 0. 8cm, the magnetic flux is 0. 8cm, the magnetic flux is 0. 8cm, the magnetic flux There are different selection values in the range of 146--279 (B · H) max / KJ · m - ³ , and the magnetic fluxes adjacent to the permanent magnet block 2 are not equal. The structure of the annular groove rotating disk 1, the permanent magnet block 2, and the Hall 3 is as follows:

Each permanent magnet block 2 is fixed within a circular ring 6 between the circular trajectory 5-1 - 9. 5 cm and the circular trajectory line 5-2 within a diameter of 8.5 cm, and has a plurality of permanent magnet blocks 2 into a radius misalignment distribution, a plurality of permanent magnet blocks 2 are arranged in a misaligned distribution.

The radius misalignment distribution manner is: the plurality of permanent magnet blocks 2 are distributed in a circle 6 , and at least between the inner circular trajectory 5-1 and the outer circular trajectory 5-2 of the circular ring 6 A circular trajectory line runs through all of the permanent magnet blocks 2; the inner circular trajectory line 5-1 and the outer circular trajectory line 5-2 are concentric circles, and at least two permanent magnet blocks 2 to inner circular trajectory lines 5-1 The distance at the center of the circle is not the same;

The spacing misalignment is as follows: The distance between adjacent permanent magnet blocks 2 is the permanent magnet block spacing 7; at least two permanent magnet block spacings 7 are different in length.

The length of the two permanent magnet block pitches 7 is not equal to the length of any other permanent magnet block pitch 7, and the lengths of the two permanent magnet block pitches 7 are also not equal. The two permanent magnet blocks 2 where the two permanent magnet block spacings 7 are located are located just at the ends of one diameter of the rotating disk 1. The magnetic fluxes of the two permanent magnet blocks 2 are not equal to the magnetic flux of any other permanent magnet block pitch 7, and the magnetic fluxes of the two permanent magnet blocks 2 are also not equal. The two permanent magnet blocks 2 are used to represent on the assist bicycle. The position of the two foot pedals.

There are two arc-shaped strip-shaped short grooves 8 between the inner circular trajectory line 5-1 and the outer circular trajectory line 5-2, and the strip-shaped short groove 8 a permanent magnet block 2 is provided, which can be fixed at any position in the strip-shaped short groove 8; the permanent magnet block 2 and the strip-shaped short groove 8 are detachable fixed connection structures, that is, in the strip The permanent magnet block 2 in the short groove 8 is removed and then changed to another position in the strip short groove 8 to be fixedly connected, and the permanent magnet block spacing 7 between the permanent magnet block 2 and the adjacent permanent magnet block 2 is adjusted. At the same time, the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet block 2 at different positions is also adjusted. The inner edge of the strip-shaped short groove 8 is provided with two or more toothed projections 9. A permanent magnet block 2 is stuck in a toothed projection 9. The strip short groove 8 is an oblique structure, that is, the distance between the two ends of the strip short groove 8 and the center of the inner circular track line 5-1 is not equal. The two plurality of permanent magnet blocks 2 of the strip-shaped short grooves 8 are distributed in a radius misalignment manner.

All the permanent magnet blocks 2 disposed on one surface of the rotating disk 1 are arranged in such a manner that the magnetic polarities of the adjacent permanent magnetic blocks 2 are opposite, that is, the magnetic polarity distribution pattern of all the permanent magnet blocks 2 on one surface of the rotating disk 1 is N pole, S Pole, N pole, S pole, N pole, S pole.

A Hall 3 is fixedly disposed on the annular groove fixing plate 40 in the hollow ring 41. The signal output line of the Hall 3 passes through the annular groove fixing plate 40, and the Hall 3 is disposed close to the permanent magnet block 2. , that is, the Hall 3 is disposed in the range of the circular ring 6 between the circular trajectory line 5-1 and the outer circular trajectory line 5-2 of each permanent magnet block 2, and each of the Hall 3 and the rotating state The permanent magnet block 2 maintains a separation distance of 0.3 cm, so that each of the rotating permanent magnet blocks 2 passes through the Hall 3, and the Hall 3 can generate a corresponding rectangular wave electric signal output.

The rotating disk 1 is provided with a center hole in the center of the inner circular track line 5-1 of the entire permanent magnet block 2, and the center hole is fitted over the pedal center shaft 51 of the assist bicycle.

[2] The assist model processor 21 is a converter that converts the digital signal rotated by the annular groove rotating disk 1 into a signal form of the assist model digital signal;

The analog-to-digital conversion and wave-width peak recognizer 22 is connected to the assist start point selector 23 and the magnetic block rotational speed calculator 24, respectively, and the boost start point selector 23 is connected to the magnetic block rotational speed calculator 24; the magnetic block rotational speed calculator 24 uses analog-to-digital conversion And the magnetic block motion digital signal input by the wave width peak recognizer 22 calculates the rotational speed of the annular groove rotating disk 1, and transmits the rotational speed digital signal of the annular groove rotating disk 1 to the assisting start point selector 23, and the assisting start selector 23 The two signals corresponding to the starting point of the assisting force under a certain rotational speed condition are determined by the two signals of the magnetic block motion digital signal marked with the order of the magnetic block and the rotational speed digital signal of the annular groove rotating disk 1, that is, the starting point of the assisting force is determined. Magnetic block; assist starting point selector 23 completed Finding the starting point of the boosting magnetic block, that is, determining the starting of the assisting force from a rectangular wave, precisely speaking, when the rotating groove 1 of the annular groove is at a certain speed, starting from a certain magnetic block at a certain position Boost, or start from a certain position in a magnetic block, and change the original power-assisted model to the next-selected power-assisted model to assist.

The assist starting point selector 23 and the magnetic block rotational speed calculator 24 are respectively connected to the assist model calculator 26, and the assist model memory 25 is also connected to the assist model calculator 26; the assist model calculator 26 uses the assist starting point of the assist starting point selector 23 The block, and the rotational condition of the disk 1 by the annular groove of the magnetic block rotational speed calculator 24, selects one of the assist model functions in the assist model memory 25, and rotates the starting magnetic block and the annular groove to rotate the disk 1 These two conditions are substituted into the assist model function to calculate the assist model digital signal suitable for these two conditions, that is, the assist model calculator 26 outputs the assist model digital signal;

[3] The digital-to-analog converter 27 is an analog signal that converts the power-assisted model digital signal into a power-assisted model.

The assist model calculator 26 is connected to the digital-to-analog converter 27, which converts the assist model digital signal of the assist model calculator 26 into a boost model analog signal. In order to output an analog signal of the assist model to the motor controller 29 which can only process the analog signal.

[4] The operational amplifier 28 is a boost model analog signal that converts the assist model analog signal of the digital-to-analog converter 27 into a rated voltage range.

The digital-to-analog converter 27 is connected to the operational amplifier 28. The power-assisted model analog signal of the digital-to-analog converter 27 solves the power-assisted model problem, but the voltage of the power-assisted model signal cannot meet the needs of the motor controller 29, so an operational amplifier is also used. 28 The auxiliary model analog signal required to convert the assist model analog signal into the rated voltage range can be transmitted to the motor controller 29 to achieve the purpose of the motor controller 29 controlling the motor 30 for the purpose of assisting.

3. Connecting the sensor to the electric bicycle to assist the bicycle: the annular groove rotating disk 1 and the annular groove fixing plate 40 of the sensor are sleeved outside the middle shaft 51 of the electric bicycle, and the annular groove fixing plate 40 and the central shaft 51 are externally The sleeve 52 is fixedly connected, the annular groove rotating disk 1 of the sensor is fixedly connected with the middle shaft 51 of the electric bicycle, the annular groove rotating disk 1 is synchronously rotated with the middle shaft 51; the annular groove rotating disk 1 and the annular groove fixing plate 40 inner and outer phase sleeves are fitted into a rotational connection; the annular groove rotating disk 1 and the central axis 51 are the same center of rotation, and the signal output wire of the operational amplifier 28 in the sensor is connected to the signal input end of the motor controller 29 of the electric bicycle. . Thus, the permanent magnet block 2 on the annular groove rotating disk 1 rotates synchronously with the center shaft 51, and the permanent magnet block 2 rotates synchronously with the bicycle foot pedal 54, and the rotation of the permanent magnet block 2 rotates at the same angle as the foot pedal 54. The same speed. The Hall 3 on the annular groove fixing disk 40 senses the rotation angle and speed of the foot pedal 54 by sensing the rotation of the permanent magnet block 2. The Hall 3 transmits the position and speed electric signals that sense the rotation of the permanent magnet block 2, that is, the position and speed electric signals representing the rotation of the footrest 54 to the electronic component assist model processor 21 on the circuit board 59, and the digital-to-analog converter 27. The operational amplifier 28 performs signal processing. The operational amplifier 28 is connected to the motor controller 29 of the electric bicycle, and realizes the purpose of controlling the electric bicycle by the electric signal of the sensor, that is, The power-assisted bicycle is obtained by using the power-assisted model of the operational amplifier 28 to simulate a signal, or a standard power-assisted model analog signal to control the electric bicycle.

Since the assist model analog signal output from the operational amplifier 28 is a signal that can assist the bicycle motor 30 to move in accordance with the driver's assisting demand, the assist bicycle of the present embodiment is a assist bicycle in which the human function is matched. Embodiment 2. The high-density housing magnetic block position and magnetic flux adjustable sensor assisted bicycle

2, 3, 4, 6, the annular groove in the hollow ring 41 rotates the disk 1 surface diameter of 10. 0 cm, in the ring groove rotating disk 1 set 40 permanent magnet blocks 2, 40 permanent magnet blocks 2 The diameters are 0.6 cm, and the magnetic fluxes are differently selected in the range of 146 --- 279 (B · H) max / KJ · m - ³ , and the magnetic fluxes adjacent to the permanent magnet block 2 are not equal. The Hall 3 and the permanent magnet block 2 in the rotating state maintain a distance of 0.2 cm, so that each of the rotating permanent magnet blocks 2 passes through the Hall 3, and the Hall 3 can generate a corresponding rectangular wave electric signal. Output. The arc of the curved strip-shaped short groove 8 is concentric with the inner circular trajectory 5-1. The structures of the other rotating disk 1, permanent magnet block 2, and Hall 3 are the same as those in the first embodiment. Embodiment 3, a bicycle with a specific circuit for a magnetic block position in a housing and a magnetic flux adjustable sensor as shown in FIGS. 1, 3, 5, 6, as in Embodiment 1, the sensor includes a sensor element sequentially connected, a power assist model processor 21, digital to analog converter 27 and operational amplifier 28;

[1] The Hall 3 in the sensing element is UGN3075; the other components and components in the sensing element are the same as in Embodiment 1;

[ 2 ] The power model processor 21 selects the single chip 31 to complete all functions, and the single chip 31 selects the AT89S52. That is, the AT89S52 MCU 31 performs all functions of the analog-to-digital conversion and the wave width peak recognizer 22, the assist start point selector 23, the magnetic block rotational speed calculator 24, the assist model memory 25, and the assist model calculator 26.

[ 3 ] Digital-to-analog converter 27 uses ADC-C8E.

[4] The operational amplifier 28 selects 0F-17F, and the 0F-17F operational amplifier 28 has a 5k thermistor R6 connected between the input pin 2 and the output pin 6; and the thermistor R6 is also connected with 8P capacitors in parallel. C6. Digital to analog converter 27

4 feet and the 2 pin of the operational amplifier 28 are grounded with 1.25k R5. It is possible to use the thermistor R6 to adjust the operational amplifier. The analog signal voltage range of the 286 pin output is stable between 0. 8-4. 2V.

The connection relationship of each electronic component is as follows:

The 35-pin P04 of the single chip microcomputer 31 is connected to the 8-pin B4 of the digital-to-analog converter 27; The 34 pin P05 of the single chip microcomputer 31 is connected to the 7 pin B3 of the digital to analog converter 27;

The 6th pin of the operational amplifier 28 is the analog signal output.

[5] The mechanical component of the sensor is structurally related to the sensing component: The mechanical component of the sensor comprises an annular groove rotating disk 1 and a fitting annular groove fixing disk 40, and the sensing component of the sensor comprises a plurality of permanent magnet blocks 2 Hall 3, single chip microcomputer 31, digital to analog converter 27 and operational amplifier 28; four electronic components of Hall 3, single chip microcomputer 31, digital to analog converter 27 and operational amplifier 28 which are sequentially connected in the sensing unit are provided on one circuit board 59 A plurality of permanent magnet blocks 2 are fixed on the inner wall of the annular groove rotating disk 1 of the hollow ring 41, and the circuit board 59 is fixed on the inner wall of the annular groove fixing disk 40 of the hollow ring 41. The Hall 3 on the circuit board 59 is disposed in the upper wall. The magnetic flux of the permanent magnet block 2 is sensed, and the Hall 3 can output the position of the varying electrical signal according to the change in the magnetic flux. The sensing component is the sensing function of the sensor; the mechanical component has two functions. The first is to fix the relative position of each component in the sensing component, so that each component can form a sensing functional whole, and the second is to This sensing function is fixed on the electric bicycle as a whole, and makes the sensing function as a whole to sense the movement state of the electric bicycle. The four electronic components of the sequentially connected Hall 3, the single chip microcomputer 31, the digital-to-analog converter 27 and the operational amplifier 28 are arranged on a circuit board 59, which is advantageous for integration, modularization and miniaturization of the four electronic components. The four electronic components are integrally fixed to the inner wall of the annular groove fixing disk 40 of the hollow ring 41, which simplifies the process of manufacturing the sensor.

Claims

Rights request

1. A power-assisted bicycle with a sensor that can adjust the position of the magnet block and magnetic flux in the housing, including an electric bicycle and a sensor. The electric bicycle has a central axis (51), a central axis (51) with a sleeve (52) in the middle section, and a central axis (51). 51) is rotationally connected to the casing (52); a chain plate (53) is fixed on the central axis (51), and pedals (54) are fixed on both ends of the central axis (51); the battery (55) on the electric bicycle is connected Motor controller (29), the motor controller (29) is connected to the motor (30) on the wheel; it is characterized by:

The structure of the sensor and the connection relationship between the components are as follows:

The sensor includes a sensing element, a boost model processor (21), a digital-to-analog converter (27) and an operational amplifier (28) connected in sequence;

[1] The sensing element is a component that converts the rotational motion of the annular groove rotating disk (1) into a rectangular wave signal output; the sensing element includes an annular groove rotating disk (1), an annular groove fixed disk (40), A Hall (3) and multiple permanent magnet blocks (2), the concave surfaces of the annular groove rotating disk (1) and the annular groove fixed disk (40) face each other, and the annular groove fixed disk (40) is fitted in In the annular groove of the annular groove rotating disk (1), two disks are fitted into a hollow inner shell that can rotate relative to each other, and the concave surfaces of the two disks are sandwiched into a hollow ring (41); at the position of the hollow ring (41) A plurality of permanent magnet blocks (2) are fixedly provided on the annular groove rotating disk (1). The plurality of permanent magnet blocks (2) are distributed within a circular ring (6). The circular groove (6) There is at least one circular trajectory line between the inner circular trajectory line (5-1) and the outer circular trajectory line (5-2) that runs through all the permanent magnet blocks (2); the inner circular trajectory line (5-1) and The outer circular trajectory line (5-2) is a concentric circle, and at least two permanent magnet blocks (2) are distributed in a misaligned manner; the misaligned distribution is either a radius misaligned distribution method or a pitch misaligned distribution method; or there is a radius misalignment Distribution method, and combination method of spacing and staggered distribution;

The radius dislocation distribution method is: at least two permanent magnet blocks (2) have different distances from the center of the circle where the inner circular trajectory line (5-1) is located;

The spacing dislocation distribution method is: the distance between adjacent permanent magnet blocks (2) is the permanent magnet block spacing (7); there are at least two permanent magnet block spacings (7) with different lengths;

There is at least one bar-shaped short slot (8) between the inner circular trajectory line (5-1) and the outer circular trajectory line (5-2), and a permanent magnet block (2) is provided in the strip-shaped short slot (8). ), the permanent magnet block (2) can be fixed at any position in the short strip slot (8);

The magnetic polarities of adjacent permanent magnet blocks (2) are opposite, and the magnetic polarity distribution pattern of all permanent magnet blocks (2) on the annular groove rotating disk (1) is N pole, S pole, N pole, S pole, N pole, S pole...; At least two permanent magnet blocks (2) have different magnetic fluxes; A Hall (3) is fixedly provided on the annular groove fixed plate (40) of the hollow ring (41). The Hall (3) is located close to the permanent magnet blocks (2) and can sense each permanent magnet block (2). ) The position of the magnetic flux, there is a distance between Hall (3) and the permanent magnet block (2); Hall (3) is a Hall that generates a rectangular wave output signal for opposite magnetic polarity;

[2] The assist model processor (21) is a signal form converter that converts the digital signal of the rotation of the annular groove rotating disk (1) into the assist model digital signal;

The boost model processor (21) includes an analog-to-digital conversion and wave width peak identifier (22), a boost starting point selector (23), a magnet rotation speed calculator (24), a boost model memory (25) and a boost model calculator (25). 26);

The analog-to-digital conversion and wave width peak identifier (22) is connected to the sensing element. The analog-to-digital conversion and wave width peak identifier (22) identifies each rectangular wave from the rectangular wave signal input by the Hall (3) in the sensing element. The width and peak of each rectangular wave signal are changed into different digital signals, each rectangular wave is marked, and the analog-to-digital conversion and wave width peak identifier (22) outputs a digital signal of the movement of the magnetic block marked with the order of the position of the magnetic block. ;

The analog-to-digital conversion and wave width peak identifier (22) are respectively connected to the boost starting point selector (23) and the magnet rotation speed calculator (24), and the boost starting point selector (23) is connected to the magnet rotation speed calculator (24); The magnetic block rotational speed calculator (24) calculates the rotational speed of the annular groove rotating disk (1) using the digital signal of the magnetic block movement marked with the position order of the magnetic block input by the analog-to-digital conversion and the wave width peak identifier (22), and calculates the rotational speed of the annular groove rotating disk (1). The rotational speed digital signal of the annular groove rotating disk (1) is transmitted to the power-assist starting point selector (23). The power-assisted starting point selector (23) uses the magnetic block movement digital signal marked with the position order of the magnet block, and the annular groove rotating disk (23). 1) The two signals of the speed digital signal determine a certain rectangular wave corresponding to the starting point of the assist under a certain speed condition, that is, determine the starting point of the assist magnet;

The boost starting point selector (23) and the magnet speed calculator (24) are respectively connected to the boost model calculator (26), and the boost model memory (25) is also connected to the boost model calculator (26); the boost model calculator (26) 26) Use the two conditions of the boost starting point magnet of the boost starting point selector (23) and the rotation speed of the annular groove rotating disk (1) of the magnet speed calculator (24) to select a certain one in the boost model memory (25). A power-assist model function, and substitutes the two conditions of the power-assist starting point magnet and the rotation speed of the annular groove rotating disk (1) into the power-assist model function, and calculates the power-assist model digital signal suitable for these two conditions, that is, the power-assist model calculator ( 26) Output the digital signal of the assist model;

[3] The digital-to-analog converter (27) converts the digital signal of the assist model into the analog signal of the assist model;

The boost model calculator (26) is connected to the digital-to-analog converter (27), and the digital-to-analog converter (27) converts the boost model digital signal of the boost model calculator (26) into a boost model analog signal;

[4] The operational amplifier (28) converts the boost model analog signal of the digital-to-analog converter (27) into a boost model analog signal within the rated voltage range;

The connection relationship between the sensor and the electric bicycle is: the annular groove rotating disk (1) of the sensor is fixed to the annular groove The disc (40) is placed outside the central axis (51) of the electric bicycle, and the annular groove fixed disc (40) is fixedly connected to the casing (52) outside the central axis (51), and the annular groove rotating disc of the sensor ( 1) Fixedly connected to the central axis (51) of the electric bicycle, the annular groove rotating disc (1) rotates synchronously with the central axis (51); the annular groove rotating disc (1) is in contact with the annular groove fixed disc (40) internally and externally The sleeves are embedded into a rotary connection; the annular groove rotating disk (1) and the central shaft (51) are the same rotation center, and the signal output wire of the operational amplifier (28) in the sensor is connected to the motor controller (29) of the electric bicycle signal input terminal connection.

2. The power-assisted bicycle with adjustable sensors for magnet position and magnetic flux in the casing according to claim 1, characterized in that: it further includes a thermistor R6, and the thermistor R6 is connected to the input end of the operational amplifier (28) and between the output terminals.

3. The power-assisted bicycle using a magnetic block position and magnetic flux adjustable sensor in the casing according to claim 2, characterized in that: the power-assisted model processor (21) is a single-chip microcomputer (31), and a clock circuit is connected to the single-chip microcomputer (31). (32); Structural relationship between the mechanical components of the sensor and the sensing component: the mechanical components of the sensor include an annular groove rotating disk (1) and a fitted annular groove fixed disk (40). The sensing component of the sensor includes multiple Permanent magnet block (2), Hall (3), microcontroller (31), digital-to-analog converter (27) and operational amplifier (28); in the sensing component, the Hall (3), microcontroller (31), The four electronic components of digital-to-analog converter (27) and operational amplifier (28) are located on a circuit board (59); multiple permanent magnet blocks (1) are fixed on the inner wall of the annular groove rotating disk (1) of the hollow ring (41) 2), the circuit board (59) is fixed on the inner wall of the annular groove fixed plate (40) of the hollow ring (41), and the Hall (3) on the circuit board (59) is set so as to sense the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet block (2) , and Hall (3) can output the position of changing electrical signals according to changes in magnetic flux.

4. The power-assisted bicycle using the magnet position and magnetic flux adjustable sensor in the casing according to claim 3, characterized in that: the Hall (3) is a UGN3075, the power-assisted model processor (21) is an AT89S52 microcontroller (31), The digital-to-analog converter (27) is ADC-C8E; the operational amplifier (28) is OF-17F, and the thermistor R6 is connected between the input pin 2 and the output pin 6 of the OF-17F operational amplifier (28); each The connection relationship of components is as follows:

The signal output terminal 3 of the Hall (3) is connected to the 12-pin INTO [P32] of the microcontroller (31) _;

The 39-pin P00 of the microcontroller (31) is connected to the 12-pin B8 of the digital-to-analog converter (27);

The 38-pin P01 of the microcontroller (31) is connected to the 11-pin B7 of the digital-to-analog converter (27);

The 37-pin P02 of the microcontroller (31) is connected to the 10-pin B6 of the digital-to-analog converter (27);

The 36-pin P03 of the microcontroller (31) is connected to the 9-pin B5 of the digital-to-analog converter (27);

The 35-pin P04 of the microcontroller (31) is connected to the 8-pin B4 of the digital-to-analog converter (27);

The 34-pin P05 of the microcontroller (31) is connected to the 7-pin B3 of the digital-to-analog converter (27);

The 33-pin P06 of the microcontroller (31) is connected to the 6-pin B2 of the digital-to-analog converter (27); The 32-pin P07 of the microcontroller (31) is connected to the 5-pin B1 of the digital-to-analog converter (27);

Pin 4 of the digital-to-analog converter (27) is connected to pin 2 of the operational amplifier (28);

Pin 2 of the digital-to-analog converter (27) is connected to pin 3 of the operational amplifier (28);

Pin 6 of the operational amplifier (28) is the analog signal output.

5. The power-assisted bicycle using an adjustable sensor for magnet position and magnetic flux in the housing according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the length of at least one permanent magnet spacing (7) is not equal to any other. The distance between permanent magnet blocks is (7), and the magnetic flux of at least one permanent magnet block (2) is not equal to the magnetic flux of any other permanent magnet block (2).

6. The power-assisted bicycle with an adjustable sensor for the position of the magnet block and the magnetic flux in the casing according to claim 5, characterized by: the annular groove fixed disk (40), the outer surface of the inner ring and the annular groove rotating disk (1) Bearings (42) are provided between the inner surfaces of the inner rings.

7. The power-assisted bicycle with a sensor that can adjust the position of the magnet block and the magnetic flux in the housing according to claim 5, characterized in that: the outer surface of the annular groove fixed plate (40) of the sensor is provided with a circular depression (58); The circular recess (58) is snap-fitted with the casing (52) outside the central axis (51) of the electric bicycle, and the casing (52) is clamped and fixedly connected in the circular recess (58).

8. The power-assisted bicycle with an adjustable sensor for magnet position and magnetic flux in the casing according to claim 5, characterized in that: the bar-shaped short slot (8) is an arc-shaped structure, and the arc of the bar-shaped short slot (8) is The circle where the shape is located and the inner circular trajectory line (5-1) are concentric circles.

9. The power-assisted bicycle with an adjustable sensor for the position of the magnet block and the magnetic flux in the casing according to claim 8, characterized in that: the short strip slot (8) is an oblique structure, that is, there are two sides of the short strip slot (8) The distances between the ends and the center of the circle where the inner circular trajectory line (5-1) is located are not equal.

10. The power-assisted bicycle with an adjustable sensor for magnet position and magnetic flux in the casing according to claim 9, characterized in that: one inner edge of the strip-shaped short groove (8) is provided with two or more tooth-shaped protrusions. (9), the strip short slot (8) and the permanent magnet block (2) are removable snap-in connection structures.