WO2014019262A1 - 叶轮水轮机以及使用叶轮水轮机的立式、卧式海洋能发电装置 - Google Patents

叶轮水轮机以及使用叶轮水轮机的立式、卧式海洋能发电装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014019262A1
WO2014019262A1 PCT/CN2012/080338 CN2012080338W WO2014019262A1 WO 2014019262 A1 WO2014019262 A1 WO 2014019262A1 CN 2012080338 W CN2012080338 W CN 2012080338W WO 2014019262 A1 WO2014019262 A1 WO 2014019262A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
impeller turbine
water
support frame
blade
angle
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Application number
PCT/CN2012/080338
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
林东
黄长征
陈正瀚
Original Assignee
Lin Dong
Huang Changzheng
Chen Zhenghan
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Application filed by Lin Dong, Huang Changzheng, Chen Zhenghan filed Critical Lin Dong
Publication of WO2014019262A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014019262A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/26—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using tide energy
    • F03B13/264—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using tide energy using the horizontal flow of water resulting from tide movement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B17/00—Other machines or engines
    • F03B17/06—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head"
    • F03B17/062—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head" with rotation axis substantially at right angle to flow direction
    • F03B17/063—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head" with rotation axis substantially at right angle to flow direction the flow engaging parts having no movement relative to the rotor during its rotation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/20—Rotors
    • F05B2240/24—Rotors for turbines
    • F05B2240/244—Rotors for turbines of the cross-flow, e.g. Banki, Ossberger type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/20—Rotors
    • F05B2240/30—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor
    • F05B2240/301—Cross-section characteristics
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of renewable energy power generation, and particularly relates to an impeller turbine and a vertical and horizontal ocean energy generating device using the impeller turbine.
  • Ocean energy (including tidal energy, wave energy, ocean current energy) refers to the mechanical energy of seawater flow. As a renewable energy source, it has abundant reserves and wide distribution, and has excellent development prospects and value.
  • the way of utilizing ocean energy is mainly power generation. Its working principle is similar to that of wind power generation and conventional hydropower generation, that is, converting the mechanical energy of seawater into electric energy through an energy conversion device.
  • the seawater impact impeller turbine converts the mechanical energy of the water flow into the mechanical energy of the turbine's rotation.
  • the turbine drives the generator to generate electricity through the mechanical transmission system, and finally converts it into electrical energy.
  • the impellers used in the prior art tidal turbines mainly draw on the technology of wind power generation, and are divided into two types: one is that the impeller of the horizontal-axis turbine is three-bladed or two-bladed, generally without a huge shroud, but the efficiency Generally speaking, the wind turbine impeller is based on the vertical axis.
  • the number of blades of the turbine impeller is basically three to five blades, and there are more than ten blades of the turbine impeller. It is basically a traditional double-click impeller, and the efficiency is higher than that of the horizontal axis.
  • the three-bladed turbine impeller is slightly higher, but with a large shroud.
  • the present invention is directed to the deficiencies of the prior art, and provides an impeller turbine and a vertical and horizontal ocean energy generating device using the impeller turbine.
  • an impeller turbine the inventor named the impeller turbine "Lindong impeller turbine”, comprising: a central shaft; an annular wheel, fixed to the central shaft by a spoke.
  • the radial direction of the annular disk is perpendicular to the central axis; a plurality of blades are disposed on the annular disk, and the blades are parallel to the central axis; the number of blades is at least 66 pieces, and the maximum circumference is the circumference of the outer circumference of the annular disk
  • the number of integers; the blade is curved, the sum of the arc lengths of all the blades is between 0.85 and 2 times the circumference of the outer diameter of the annular disk, and the angle between the midpoints of the blade and the two end points constitutes the angle of the blade.
  • the angle of the blade is between 100 and 165 degrees; the angle between the maximum chord length of the blade and the radius of the annular disk at the outer end of the blade is the blade mounting
  • the central axis is a hollow shaft.
  • a vertical collection marine energy power generation device comprises: a support frame; at least two impeller turbines, an axis of the impeller turbine is perpendicular to a horizontal plane, and the at least two impeller turbines are arranged in parallel in the support frame, and the arrangement of the impeller turbines on the support frame
  • the direction is perpendicular to the direction of the water flow
  • the impeller turbine comprises: a central shaft; the annular wheel is fixed on the central shaft by the spokes, the radial direction of the annular disk is perpendicular to the central axis; and the plurality of blades are arranged around the annular wheel.
  • the blade is parallel to the central axis; the number of blades is at least 66 pieces, and is at most an integer number of centimeters of the outer circumference of the outer diameter of the annular disk; the blades are curved, and the sum of the arc lengths of all the blades is the outer circumference of the outer diameter of the annular disk Between 0.85 and 2 times, the angle between the midpoints of the blade and the two end points constitutes the angle of the blade, the angle between the blades is between 100 and 165 degrees; the maximum chord length of the blade and the annular disk of the outer end of the blade The angle of the radius line is the blade mounting angle, and the blade mounting angle is between 25-60 degrees.
  • the generator is arranged at the upper end of the central shaft, and a transmission mechanism is arranged between the generator and the central shaft.
  • the impeller turbine drives the transmission mechanism to cause the transmission mechanism to drive the generator to generate electricity;
  • the buoy platform is arranged on the support frame.
  • the generator and transmission mechanism are located above the pontoon platform.
  • the central axis is a hollow shaft.
  • the vertical collection marine energy generating device comprises a water guiding plate matched with the impeller turbine, and one end of the water guiding plate is hinged on the extension portion provided by the support frame, and the rotation axis of the water guiding plate is parallel to the axis of the impeller turbine.
  • the water guiding flow flows to the axial force receiving side of the impeller turbine, and a stop block supporting the water guiding plate is arranged at an appropriate position on the supporting frame.
  • the water guiding plate located upstream of the impeller turbine rotates with the water flow, stopping Block support, guiding the water flow to the axial force receiving side of the impeller turbine, and maintaining an angle with the water flow direction;
  • the side of the water guiding plate hinged away from the impeller turbine is provided with a convexity that keeps the angle between the guiding plate and the extension of the impeller turbine.
  • the other water deflector located downstream of the impeller turbine is symmetric with the center of the water deflector; the position of the water deflector and the other water deflector relative to the support frame varies with the direction of the water flow;
  • the adjacent impeller turbines and their corresponding water deflectors are symmetrically arranged.
  • the generator is provided with a protective cover.
  • the support frame is made of a hollow tube.
  • the vertical collection marine energy power generation device further includes a lifting ring and a pulling cable, the lifting ring is disposed on the support frame, and the pulling cable is disposed on the lifting ring.
  • a horizontal collecting marine energy generating device comprises a support frame; an impeller turbine, the axis is arranged in the support frame parallel to the horizontal plane, the impeller turbine comprises: a central shaft; the annular wheel is fixed on the central shaft by the spoke, the annular wheel The radial direction of the disk is perpendicular to the central axis; a plurality of blades are disposed on the annular wheel, and the blades are parallel to the central axis; the number of blades is at least 66 pieces, and the maximum number of centimeters of the outer circumference of the outer diameter of the annular disk; The blade is curved, and the sum of the arc lengths of all the blades is between 0.85 and 2 times the circumference of the outer diameter of the annular disk.
  • the angle between the midpoints of the blade and the two end points constitutes the angle of the blade, and the angle of the blade is Between 100 and 165 degrees; the angle between the maximum chord length of the blade and the radius of the annular disk at the outer end of the blade is the blade mounting angle, which is between 25 and 60 degrees.
  • the pontoon is fixedly disposed on one side or both sides of the support frame and located on the central axis; the generator is disposed in the pontoon, and a transmission mechanism is arranged between the generator and the central shaft, and when the water flows to the impeller turbine, the impeller turbine drives the transmission The mechanism thus causes the transmission to drive the generator to generate electricity.
  • the central axis is a hollow shaft.
  • the horizontal collecting marine energy generating device comprises a water guiding plate hinged on an extension provided by the support frame, the rotation axis of the water guiding plate is parallel to the axis of the impeller turbine, and the water guiding plate directs the water flow to the axis of the impeller turbine
  • a stop block supporting the water deflector is arranged at an appropriate position on the support frame.
  • the other end of the water deflector stops on the support frame, so that the other end forms an additional angle with the extension, and the other water deflector
  • the center of the water deflector is symmetrical; the relative position of the water deflector and the other water deflector to the support frame varies with the direction of the water flow.
  • the horizontal collection marine energy generating device further includes a pontoon platform disposed on the support frame.
  • the support frame is made of a hollow tube.
  • the horizontal collecting marine energy generating device further comprises a lifting ring and a pulling cable, wherein the lifting ring is disposed on the support frame, and the pulling cable is disposed on the lifting ring.
  • the invention has the beneficial effects that the super multi-blade impeller turbine has a proportional relationship between the efficiency of the impeller turbine and the number of blades under certain working conditions, thereby greatly improving the efficiency.
  • the practical data shows that the efficiency of the power generating device using the impeller turbine is 1.4-1.5 times that of the traditional vertical axis power generating device; the frame part of the power generating device is made of hollow steel pipe, which makes the structure simple and easy to manufacture, easy to install, adjust and replace. It is suitable for engineering applications.
  • the internal hollow of the frame can provide buoyancy to the whole generator set.
  • the buoyancy of the hollow shaft itself reduces the friction of the impeller turbine and the bearing, which effectively improves the working efficiency; it is suitable for reciprocating water flow and has various flow rates. Self-starting ability.
  • Figure 1 is a front elevational view of the impeller turbine of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a side view of the impeller turbine of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the angle structure of the blade of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of the blade mounting angle of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a top plan view of a vertical collection marine energy generating device of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a side elevational view of the vertical collection marine energy generating apparatus of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a view showing the use of the vertical collection marine energy power generation device of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a side elevational view of a horizontal collection marine energy generating apparatus of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a plan view of a horizontal collection marine energy power generation device of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a view showing the use of the horizontal collection marine energy power generation device of the present invention.
  • An impeller turbine includes a central shaft 1 and an annular wheel 2 fixedly mounted on the central shaft 1 by spokes 3, the radial direction of the annular disk being perpendicular to the central axis, and if the blades are long, multiple
  • the annular wheel is used to increase the firmness of the blade;
  • the plurality of blades 4 are fixedly mounted on the annular wheel, and the blade is parallel to the central axis;
  • the number of blades is at least 66, and the maximum number of centimeters of the outer circumference of the annular disk is Integers, such as the outer circumference of the ring-shaped disc, are 98.3 or 98.8 cm, and the number of blades can be 98.
  • the blades are curved.
  • the sum of the arc lengths of all the blades is 0.85-2 times the circumference of the outer diameter of the ring-shaped disc.
  • the angle between the midpoint of the blade and the two end points is the angle A of the blade, the angle A of the blade is greater than or equal to 100, less than or equal to 165 degrees, and the ring of the angle blade and the annular disk of the outer end of the blade.
  • the angle between the outer diameters is the blade mounting angle B.
  • the blade mounting angle is greater than or equal to 25 degrees and less than or equal to 60 degrees. In the implementation, the blade mounting angle may be selected from 25, 45, 60 degrees, and the like.
  • a vertical collecting marine energy generating device using the above impeller turbine comprises a support frame 5, a generator 6, a water deflector and at least two impeller turbines 7.
  • the support frame 5 is made of a hollow pipe and can be welded by using a steel pipe.
  • the axes of the two or more impeller turbines are perpendicular to the horizontal plane and are arranged in parallel in the support frame.
  • the impeller turbine comprises a central shaft 1 and an annular wheel 2, and the annular disk is fixedly mounted to the central shaft 1 by the spokes 3
  • the radial direction of the annular disk is perpendicular to the central axis;
  • the plurality of blades 4 are fixedly mounted on the annular disk, and the blades are parallel to the central axis;
  • the number of blades may be 86 pieces, the blades are curved, and all the blades are arc length
  • the sum is 1.5 times the outer circumference of the outer diameter of the annular wheel, and the angle formed by the line from the midpoint of the blade to the two end points is the angle of the blade.
  • the angle can be selected to be 120 degrees, and the chord of the blade and the outer end of the blade The angle between the outer diameters of the annular discs is the blade mounting angle.
  • the blade mounting angle can be selected to be 50 degrees;
  • the support frame 5 is also provided with a water guiding plate 8 matched with the impeller turbine, and water guiding One end of the 8 is hinged on the extension of the support frame, the axis of rotation of the water deflector is parallel to the axis of the impeller turbine, the water guide plate directs the flow of water to the axial side of the impeller turbine, and the support plate is supported at a suitable position on the support frame.
  • Stopper 9 when the tidal current flows to the impeller turbine, the water deflector 8 located upstream of the impeller turbine rotates with the tidal current, and the water deflector 8 abuts against the stop block 9, so that the water deflector is in the use position, and the water flow is directed to the impeller turbine to rotate.
  • the other water deflector 10 is symmetric with the center of the water deflector 8, and the other water deflector 10 located downstream of the impeller turbine is aligned with the flow direction of the tidal current leaving the impeller turbine, in a non-use position, and the hinge of the water deflector
  • the side away from the impeller turbine is provided with a projection 11 for keeping the guide plate at an angle with the extension of the impeller turbine.
  • the water deflector will abut against the projection 11, and when the flow is reversed, the other deflector can be used.
  • the position is rotated, and the adjacent impeller turbines arranged on the support frame and the corresponding water guide plates are arranged symmetrically.
  • the vertical collection marine energy generating device further comprises a transmission mechanism disposed between the central shaft and the generator, the transmission mechanism may be a gear box 25, the gear box is connected to the impeller turbine and the generator, and when the water flows to the impeller turbine, the impeller turbine rotates to drive the gear
  • the gears in the box rotate to drive the generator to generate electricity
  • the pontoon platform 12 is mounted above the support frame to provide buoyancy to the power generating device
  • the generator 6 and the gear box are mounted on the pontoon platform, and the generator and the gear box are equipped with generator protection
  • the cover 13 is provided with a lifting ring 14 on the support frame 5, and a pulling cable 23 is sleeved on the lifting ring.
  • a horizontal collecting marine energy generating device using the above impeller turbine comprises a support frame 15, a generator 16, a water deflector and an impeller turbine 17, and the support frame 15 is made of a hollow pipe and can be welded by using a steel pipe to reduce the quality of the device.
  • the axis of the impeller turbine is disposed in the support frame parallel to the horizontal plane, wherein the impeller turbine comprises a central shaft 1 and an annular wheel 2, and the annular wheel is fixedly mounted on the central shaft 1 by the spokes 3, the radial direction and the central axis of the annular disk
  • the impeller turbine comprises a central shaft 1 and an annular wheel 2
  • the annular wheel is fixedly mounted on the central shaft 1 by the spokes 3, the radial direction and the central axis of the annular disk
  • a plurality of annular disks can be provided to increase the firmness of the blade
  • a plurality of blades 4 are fixedly mounted on the annular disk, and the blades are parallel to the central axis
  • the number of blades can be 105 pieces, the blades In the shape of an arc, the sum of the arc lengths of all the blades is 1.8 times the circumference of the annular disk, and the angle formed by the line segments from the midpoint of the blade to the two end points is
  • the angle can be selected to be 120 degrees.
  • the angle between the string and the outer diameter of the annular wheel at the outer end of the blade is the blade mounting angle.
  • the blade mounting angle can be selected to be 55 degrees; the support frame 15 is also mounted.
  • the water deflecting plate 18 matched with the impeller turbine is hinged on the extension of the support frame, and the rotation axis of the water deflector is parallel to the axis of the impeller turbine, and the water guiding plate guides the water flow to the axial side of the impeller turbine, and the support frame is appropriately The position is provided with a stop block 19 for supporting the water deflector.
  • the water deflector located upstream of the impeller turbine rotates with the water flow, and the water guide plate abuts against the stop block and maintains an angle with the water flow direction.
  • the water flow is directed to one side of the impeller turbine axis so that the water deflector 18 is in the use position.
  • the other end of the water deflector 18 stops on the support frame, and the water deflector 18 is aligned with the flow direction of the flow leaving the impeller turbine.
  • the other end forms an additional angle D with the extension, in a non-use position; the other water deflector 20 is symmetrical with the center of the water deflector 18.
  • the horizontal collection marine energy generating device further comprises a transmission mechanism disposed between the central shaft and the generator, the transmission mechanism may be a gear box 26, the gear box is connected to the impeller turbine and the generator, and when the water flow flows to the impeller turbine, the impeller turbine 17 rotates The gears in the gear box rotate to drive the generator to generate electricity; the support frame 15 is provided with a floating box 21, the generator 16 is provided with a floating box 17 on both sides, the generator 13 is disposed in the floating box 17, and the support frame 15 is provided The lifting ring 22 is provided with a pulling cable 24 on the lifting ring.

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  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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Abstract

一种叶轮水轮机，包括：中心轴（1）；环形轮盘（2），通过轮辐（3）固定设于中心轴（1）上，环形轮盘（2）径向方向与中心轴（1）垂直；多个叶片（4），环绕设于环形轮盘（2）上，叶片（4）与中心轴（1）平行；叶片（4）最少为66片，最多为环形轮盘（2）外径圆周长的厘米数的整数；叶片（4）为弧形，所有叶片（4）弧长的总和为环形轮盘（2）外径圆周长的0.85-2倍之间；叶片（4）中点到两个端点的线段夹角构成叶片夹角A，叶片夹角A在100-165度之间；叶片（4）最大弦长线与过叶片（4）外端点的环形轮盘（2）半径线的夹角为叶片安装角B，叶片安装角B在25-60度之间。还公开了具有上述叶轮水轮机的立式收集海洋能发电装置和卧式收集海洋能发电装置。在一定工况下，叶轮水轮机的效率和叶片的数量成正比，因此，超多叶片的叶轮水轮机可以提高叶轮水轮机的效率。

Description

叶轮水轮机以及使用叶轮水轮机的立式、卧式海洋能发电装置
技术领域
本发明属于可再生能源发电领域，尤其涉及一种叶轮水轮机以及使用叶轮水轮机的立式、卧式海洋能发电装置。
背景技术
海洋能（包含潮流能、海浪能、洋流能）是指海水流动的机械能，作为可再生能源，储量丰富，分布广泛，具有极好的开发前景和价值。海洋能的利用方式主要是发电，其工作原理与风力发电和常规水力发电类似，即通过能量转换装置，将海水的机械能转换成电能。海水冲击叶轮水轮机将水流的机械能转换为水轮机旋转的机械能，水轮机经过机械传动系统带动发电机发电，最终转换成电能。
现有技术的潮流水轮机使用的叶轮，主要借鉴了风能发电的技术，分为两个类型：一类是水平轴水轮机的叶轮为三叶片或两叶片的，一般没有巨大的导流罩，但效率普遍低下；一类是借鉴垂直轴的风力发电叶轮，该水轮机叶轮的叶片数基本是三到五个叶片，也有十多个叶片的水轮机叶轮，基本上是个传统双击式叶轮，效率比水平轴的三叶片水轮机叶轮稍微高一些，但要加上庞大的导流罩。
现今能源日益短缺，温室效应日益严重，能源日益必须低碳化，所以风能，海洋能（包含潮汐能、潮流能、海浪能、洋流能）等清洁能源是未来能源的发展方向。但现在这些清洁能源的发电设备，除了风能利用比较成熟外，海洋能的利用还都是在起步阶段，没有通用和成熟的设备，效率低下，设备不能大规模化。
发明内容
本发明针对现有技术的不足，提供了一种叶轮水轮机以及使用叶轮水轮机的立式、卧式海洋能发电装置。
为实现上述目的，本发明可采取下述技术方案：一种叶轮水轮机，发明人将该叶轮水轮机命名为“林东叶轮水轮机”，包括：中心轴；环形轮盘，通过轮辐固定设于中心轴上，环状轮盘径向方向与中心轴垂直；多个叶片，环绕设于环形轮盘上，叶片与中心轴平行；叶片数量最少为66片，最多为环形轮盘外径圆周长的厘米数的整数；所述叶片为弧形，所有叶片弧长的总和为环形轮盘外径圆周长的0.85-2倍之间，叶片中点到两个端点的线段夹角构成叶片夹角，所述叶片夹角在100-165度之间；叶片的最大弦长线与过叶片外端点的环形轮盘半径线的夹角为叶片安装角，所述叶片安装角在25-60度之间。
另一方面，所述中心轴为空心轴。
一种立式收集海洋能发电装置，包括：支撑架；至少两个叶轮水轮机，叶轮水轮机的轴线垂直于水平面，所述至少两个叶轮水轮机平行设置于支撑架内，支撑架上叶轮水轮机的排列方向与水流方向垂直，叶轮水轮机包括：中心轴；环形轮盘，通过轮辐固定设于中心轴上，环状轮盘径向方向与中心轴垂直；多个叶片，环绕设于环形轮盘上，叶片与中心轴平行；叶片数量最少为66片，最多为环形轮盘外径圆周长的厘米数的整数；所述叶片为弧形，所有叶片弧长的总和为环形轮盘外径圆周长的0.85-2倍之间，叶片中点到两个端点的线段夹角构成叶片夹角，所述叶片夹角在100-165度之间；叶片的最大弦长线与过叶片外端点的环形轮盘半径线的夹角为叶片安装角，所述叶片安装角在25-60度之间。发电机，设于中心轴的上端，发电机与中心轴之间设有传动机构，当水流流向叶轮水轮机，叶轮水轮机带动传动机构从而使传动机构驱动发电机发电；浮筒平台，设于支撑架上，发电机和传动机构设于浮筒平台上方。
另一方面，所述中心轴为空心轴。
另一方面，所述立式收集海洋能发电装置包括与叶轮水轮机配合的导水板，导水板一端铰接于支撑架所设的延伸段上，导水板旋转轴线与叶轮水轮机轴线平行，导水板导向水流流向叶轮水轮机轴心受力一侧，支撑架上适当位置设有支撑导水板的止挡块，当水流流向叶轮水轮机，位于叶轮水轮机上游的导水板随水流旋转，止挡块支撑，将水流导向叶轮水轮机轴心受力一侧，和水流方向保持夹角；所述导水板铰接处远离叶轮水轮机的一侧设有使导向板与叶轮水轮机延伸段保持夹角的凸起；位于叶轮水轮机下游的另一导水板与所述导水板中心对称；导水板和另一导水板相对于支撑架的位置随水流方向变化而变化；排列设置于支撑架上相邻的叶轮水轮机以及与之相应的导水板对称设置。
另一方面，所述发电机上设有防护罩。
另一方面，所述支撑架由空心管材制成。
另一方面，所述立式收集海洋能发电装置还包括吊环和牵拉索，所述吊环设于支撑架上，牵拉索设于吊环上。
一种卧式收集海洋能发电装置，包括支撑架;叶轮水轮机，轴线平行于水平面设置于支撑架内，叶轮水轮机包括：中心轴；环形轮盘，通过轮辐固定设于中心轴上，环状轮盘径向方向与中心轴垂直；多个叶片，环绕设于环形轮盘上，叶片与中心轴平行；叶片数量最少为66片，最多为环形轮盘外径圆周长的厘米数的整数；所述叶片为弧形，所有叶片弧长的总和为环形轮盘外径圆周长的0.85-2倍之间，叶片中点到两个端点的线段夹角构成叶片夹角，所述叶片夹角在100-165度之间；叶片的最大弦长线与过叶片外端点的环形轮盘半径线的夹角为叶片安装角，所述叶片安装角在25-60度之间。浮箱，固定设置于支撑架一侧或者两侧且位于中心轴线上；发电机，设置于浮箱内，发电机与中心轴之间设有传动机构，当水流流向叶轮水轮机，叶轮水轮机带动传动机构从而使传动机构驱动发电机发电。
另一方面，所述中心轴为空心轴。
另一方面，所述卧式收集海洋能发电装置包括导水板，铰接于支撑架所设的延伸段上，导水板旋转轴线与叶轮水轮机轴线平行，导水板导向水流流向叶轮水轮机轴心一侧，支撑架上适当位置设有支撑导水板的止挡块，当潮流流向叶轮水轮机，位于叶轮水轮机上游的导水板随水流旋转，导水板抵靠在止挡块处，与水流方向保持有夹角，将水流导向叶轮水轮机轴线一侧，逆流时，导水板另一端止挡于支撑架上，使另一端与延伸段构成另一夹角，另一导水板与所述导水板中心对称；导水板和另一导水板与支撑架的相对位置随水流方向变化而变化。
另一方面，所述卧式收集海洋能发电装置还包括设于支撑架上的浮筒平台。
另一方面，所述支撑架由空心管材制成。
另一方面，所述卧式收集海洋能发电装置还包括吊环和牵拉索，所述吊环设于支撑架上，牵拉索设于吊环上。
本发明的有益效果在于：超多叶片叶轮水轮机，在一定的工况下，叶轮水轮机的效率和叶片的数量成正比的关系，大大的提高效率。实用数据表明，采用该叶轮水轮机的发电装置效率是传统垂直轴发电装置效率的1.4—1.5倍；发电装置框架部分采用空心钢管制成，使得结构简单易加工制造，安装、调节、拆换方便，适合工程应用，同时框架内部空心可以给整个发电机组提供浮力；另外，利用空心主轴自身浮力，减少了叶轮水轮机和轴承的摩擦力，有效提高了工作效率；适合往复水流，且具有各种流速下的自启动能力。
附图说明
图1为本发明的叶轮水轮机主视图。
图2为本发明的叶轮水轮机侧视图。
图3为本发明的叶片夹角结构示意图。
图4为本发明的叶片安装角结构示意图。
图5为本发明的立式收集海洋能发电装置的俯视图。
图6为本发明的立式收集海洋能发电装置的侧视图。
图7为本发明的立式收集海洋能发电装置的使用图。
图8为本发明的卧式收集海洋能发电装置的侧视图。
图9为本发明的卧式收集海洋能发电装置的俯视图。
图10为本发明的卧式收集海洋能发电装置的使用图。
具体实施方式
为了使本技术领域的人员更好的理解本发明方案，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整的描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都应当属于本发明保护的范围。
下面参照附图说明本发明的实施方式。一种叶轮水轮机包括中心轴1和环形轮盘2，环形轮盘通过轮辐3固定安装于中心轴1上，环状轮盘径向方向与中心轴垂直，如果叶片较长，那么可以设置多个环形轮盘用以增加叶片的牢固度；多个叶片4，固定安装于环形轮盘上，叶片与中心轴平行；叶片数量最少为66片，最多为环形轮盘外径圆周长的厘米数的整数，例如环形轮盘外径周长为98.3或98.8cm，其叶片数量均可为98片，叶片为弧形，所有叶片弧长的总和为环形轮盘外径圆周长的0.85-2倍之间，叶片中点到两个端点的线段构成的夹角为叶片夹角A，所述叶片夹角A大于等于100，小于等于165度，角叶片的弦线与过叶片外端点的环形轮盘外径间的夹角为叶片安装角B，所述叶片安装角大于等于25度，小于等于60度，在实施中，叶片安装角可以选用25、45、60度等。
一种使用上述叶轮水轮机的立式收集海洋能发电装置，包括支撑架5、发电机6、导水板和至少两个叶轮水轮机7，支撑架5由空心管材，可以使用钢管焊接而成，以减少装置质量，两个或两个以上的叶轮水轮机的轴线垂直于水平面且平行设置于支撑架内，叶轮水轮机包括中心轴1和环形轮盘2，环形轮盘通过轮辐3固定安装于中心轴1上，环状轮盘径向方向与中心轴垂直；多个叶片4，固定安装于环形轮盘上，叶片与中心轴平行；叶片数量可以为86片，叶片为弧形，所有叶片弧长的总和为环形轮盘外径圆周长的1.5倍，叶片中点到两个端点的线段构成的夹角为叶片夹角，具体实施中夹角可以选用120度，叶片的弦线与过叶片外端点的环形轮盘外径间的夹角为叶片安装角，具体实施中，叶片安装角可以选用50度；支撑架5上还安装有与叶轮水轮机配合的导水板8，导水板8一端铰接于支撑架的延伸段上，导水板旋转轴线与叶轮水轮机轴线平行，导水板导向水流流向叶轮水轮机轴心受力一侧，支撑架上适当位置设有支撑导水板的止挡块9，当潮流流向叶轮水轮机，位于叶轮水轮机上游的导水板8随潮流旋转，导水板8抵靠在止挡块9处，使导水板处于使用位置，将水流导向叶轮水轮机旋转方向，另一导水板10与所述导水板8中心对称，则位于叶轮水轮机下游的另一导水板10与离开叶轮水轮机的潮流的流向对齐，处于非使用位置，导水板铰接处远离叶轮水轮机的一侧设有使导向板与叶轮水轮机延伸段保持夹角的凸起11，导水板会抵靠在凸起11上，当潮流逆流时，能使另一导水板往使用位置转动，排列设置于支撑架上相邻的叶轮水轮机以及与之相应的导水板呈对称设置。立式收集海洋能发电装置还包括设置于中心轴与发电机之间的传动机构，传动机构可以为齿轮箱25，齿轮箱连接叶轮水轮机和发电机，当水流流向叶轮水轮机，叶轮水轮机转动带动齿轮箱中的齿轮转动，从而驱动发电机发电；支撑架上方安装有浮筒平台12，给发电装置提供浮力；发电机6和齿轮箱安装于浮筒平台上面，发电机和齿轮箱外面安装有发电机防护罩13；支撑架5上设有吊环14，吊环上套设有牵拉索23。
一种使用上述叶轮水轮机的卧式收集海洋能发电装置包括支撑架15，发电机16、导水板和叶轮水轮机17，支撑架15由空心管材，可以使用钢管焊接而成，以减少装置质量，叶轮水轮机的轴线平行于水平面设置于支撑架内，其中叶轮水轮机包括中心轴1和环形轮盘2，环形轮盘通过轮辐3固定安装于中心轴1上，环状轮盘径向方向与中心轴垂直，如果叶片较长，那么可以设置多个环形轮盘用以增加叶片的牢固度；多个叶片4，固定安装于环形轮盘上，叶片与中心轴平行；叶片数量可以为105片，叶片为弧形，所有叶片弧长的总和为环形轮盘圆周长的1.8倍，叶片中点到两个端点的线段构成的夹角为叶片夹角，具体实施中夹角可以选用120度，叶片的弦线与过叶片外端点的环形轮盘外径间的夹角为叶片安装角，具体实施中，叶片安装角可以选用55度；支撑架15上还安装有与叶轮水轮机配合的导水板18，铰接于支撑架所设的延伸段上，导水板旋转轴线与叶轮水轮机轴线平行，导水板导向水流流向叶轮水轮机轴心一侧，支撑架上适当位置设有支撑导水板的止挡块19，当潮流流向叶轮水轮机，位于叶轮水轮机上游的导水板随水流旋转，导水板抵靠在止挡块处，与水流方向保持有夹角C，将水流导向叶轮水轮机轴线一侧，使导水板18处于使用位置，逆流时，导水板18另一端止挡于支撑架上，导水板18与离开叶轮水轮机的潮流的流向对齐，使另一端与延伸段构成另一夹角D，处于非使用位置；另一导水板20与所述导水板18中心对称。卧式收集海洋能发电装置还包括设置于中心轴与发电机之间的传动机构，传动机构可以为齿轮箱26，齿轮箱连接叶轮水轮机和发电机，当水流流向叶轮水轮机，叶轮水轮机17转动带动齿轮箱中的齿轮转动，从而驱动发电机发电；支撑架15上设有浮箱21，发电机16两侧安装有浮箱17，发电机13设于浮箱17内；支撑架15上设有吊环22，吊环上套设有牵拉索24。

Claims (14)

  1. 叶轮水轮机，发明人将该叶轮水轮机命名为“林东叶轮水轮机”，其特征在于，包括：
    中心轴；
    环形轮盘，通过轮辐固定设于中心轴上，环状轮盘径向方向与中心轴垂直；
    多个叶片，环绕设于环形轮盘上，叶片与中心轴平行；叶片数量最少为66片，最多为环形轮盘外径圆周长的厘米数的整数；所述叶片为弧形，所有叶片弧长的总和为环形轮盘外径圆周长的0.85-2倍之间，叶片中点到两个端点的线段夹角构成叶片夹角，所述叶片夹角在100-165度之间；叶片的最大弦长线与过叶片外端点的环形轮盘半径线的夹角为叶片安装角，所述叶片安装角在25-60度之间。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的叶轮水轮机，其特征在于：所述中心轴为空心轴。
  3. 一种立式收集海洋能发电装置，其特征在于，包括：
    支撑架；
    至少两个叶轮水轮机，叶轮水轮机的轴线垂直于水平面，所述至少两个叶轮水轮机平行设置于支撑架内，支撑架上叶轮水轮机的排列方向与水流方向垂直，叶轮水轮机包括：
    中心轴；
    环形轮盘，通过轮辐固定设于中心轴上，环状轮盘径向方向与中心轴垂直；
    多个叶片，环绕设于环形轮盘上，叶片与中心轴平行；叶片数量最少为66片，最多为环形轮盘外径圆周长的厘米数的整数；所述叶片为弧形，所有叶片弧长的总和为环形轮盘外径圆周长的0.85-2倍之间，叶片中点到两个端点的线段夹角构成叶片夹角，所述叶片夹角在100-165度之间；叶片的最大弦长线与过叶片外端点的环形轮盘半径线的夹角为叶片安装角，所述叶片安装角在25-60度之间；
    发电机，设于中心轴的上端，发电机与中心轴之间设有传动机构，当水流流向叶轮水轮机，叶轮水轮机带动传动机构从而使传动机构驱动发电机发电；
    浮筒平台，设于支撑架上，发电机和传动机构设于浮筒平台上方。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的立式收集海洋能发电装置，其特征在于，所述中心轴为空心轴。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的立式收集海洋能发电装置，其特征在于，包括与叶轮水轮机配合的导水板，导水板一端铰接于支撑架所设的延伸段上，导水板旋转轴线与叶轮水轮机轴线平行，导水板导向水流流向叶轮水轮机轴心受力一侧，支撑架上适当位置设有支撑导水板的止挡块，当水流流向叶轮水轮机，位于叶轮水轮机上游的导水板随水流旋转，止挡块支撑，将水流导向叶轮水轮机轴心受力一侧，和水流方向保持夹角；所述导水板铰接处远离叶轮水轮机的一侧设有使导向板与叶轮水轮机延伸段保持夹角的凸起；位于叶轮水轮机下游的另一导水板与所述导水板中心对称；导水板和另一导水板相对于支撑架的位置随水流方向变化而变化；排列设置于支撑架上相邻的叶轮水轮机以及与之相应的导水板对称设置。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的立式收集海洋能发电装置，其特征在于，所述发电机上设有防护罩。
  7. 根据权利要求3所述的立式收集海洋能发电装置，其特征在于，所述支撑架由空心管材制成。
  8. 根据权利要求3所述的立式收集海洋能发电装置，其特征在于，还包括吊环和牵拉索，所述吊环设于支撑架上，牵拉索设于吊环上。
  9. 一种卧式收集海洋能发电装置，其特征在于，包括：
    支撑架;
    叶轮水轮机，轴线平行于水平面设置于支撑架内，叶轮水轮机包括：
    中心轴；
    环形轮盘，通过轮辐固定设于中心轴上，环状轮盘径向方向与中心轴垂直；
    多个叶片，环绕设于环形轮盘上，叶片与中心轴平行；叶片数量最少为66片，最多为环形轮盘外径圆周长的厘米数的整数；所述叶片为弧形，所有叶片弧长的总和为环形轮盘外径圆周长的0.85-2倍之间，叶片中点到两个端点的线段夹角构成叶片夹角，所述叶片夹角在100-165度之间；叶片的最大弦长线与过叶片外端点的环形轮盘半径线的夹角为叶片安装角，所述叶片安装角在25-60度之间；
    浮箱，固定设置于支撑架一侧或者两侧且位于中心轴线上；
    发电机，设置于浮箱内，发电机与中心轴之间设有传动机构，当水流流向叶轮水轮机，叶轮水轮机带动传动机构从而使传动机构驱动发电机发电。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的卧式收集海洋能发电装置，其特征在于，所述中心轴为空心轴。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的卧式收集海洋能发电装置，其特征在于，包括导水板，铰接于支撑架所设的延伸段上，导水板旋转轴线与叶轮水轮机轴线平行，导水板导向水流流向叶轮水轮机轴心一侧，支撑架上适当位置设有支撑导水板的止挡块，当潮流流向叶轮水轮机，位于叶轮水轮机上游的导水板随水流旋转，导水板抵靠在止挡块处，与水流方向保持有夹角，将水流导向叶轮水轮机轴线一侧，逆流时，导水板另一端止挡于支撑架上，使另一端与延伸段构成另一夹角，另一导水板与所述导水板中心对称；导水板和另一导水板与支撑架的相对位置随水流方向变化而变化。
  12. 根据权利要求9所述的卧式收集海洋能发电装置，其特征在于，还包括设于支撑架上的浮筒平台。
  13. 根据权利要求9所述的卧式收集海洋能发电装置，其特征在于，所述支撑架由空心管材制成。
  14. 根据权利要求9所述的卧式收集海洋能发电装置，其特征在于，还包括吊环和牵拉索，所述吊环设于支撑架上，牵拉索设于吊环上。
PCT/CN2012/080338 2012-08-01 2012-08-20 叶轮水轮机以及使用叶轮水轮机的立式、卧式海洋能发电装置 WO2014019262A1 (zh)

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