Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
  • A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
  • A61K36/88—Liliopsida (monocotyledons)
  • A61K36/889—Arecaceae, Palmae or Palmaceae (Palm family), e.g. date or coconut palm or palmetto
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/045—Hydroxy compounds, e.g. alcohols; Salts thereof, e.g. alcoholates
  • A61K31/05—Phenols
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
  • A61P31/12—Antivirals
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine

Definitions

• the invention generally relates to bioactive compounds and more particularly to a phenolic compound obtained from plants and plant-based material, with said compound exhibiting highly significant bioactive properties.
• bioactive compounds are generally found in substantially low concentrations.
• the process or method of extraction is expensive.
• the scarce availability of bioactive compounds has hampered the potential production of medicaments, and thus stresses the need for other abundant sources. Accordingly, it would be desirable to explore . other low cost and abundant sources for bioactive compounds in order to aid in fulfilling the surging global demand.
• the present application focuses on realizing the value and potential of the vegetation liquor and oil palm based materials from palm oil milling and palm oil mill effluent (POME) as a source of bioactive compounds.
• POME palm oil mill effluent
• the present invention discloses oil palm based materials including the vegetation liquor of palm oil milling as an abundant source of bioactive compounds.
• composition comprising a bioactive compound obtained from oil palm based materials, wherein the molecular weight of said phenolic compound is 482.
• FIG 1 shows the results obtained based on DPPH Scavenging Assay with respect to the compound in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the claimed invention.
• FIG 2 shows the results obtained based on Reverse Transcriptase Assay with respect to the compound in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the claimed invention .
• the disclosed description and examples are directed to a bioactive compound, composition and method thereof, whereby the bioactive compound with molecular weight of 482 is extracted from oil palm based materials.
• the biologically active extracts of palm vegetation liquor useful in this invention are those obtained from the vegetation liquor of the palm oil milling process according to various conventional suitable means and processes.
• the extract may contain a variety of compounds including phenolic compounds, fruit acids, fruit sugars and glycerol, starch, cellulose and hemicellulose, for purposes of standardization the concentrations of the extracts used were measured in terms of phenolic content i.e gallic acid equivalent .
• Embodiments of the present invention are directed to a composition
• a composition comprising a bioactive compound and other major phenolic compounds obtained from any part of the oil palm, oil palm based materials including vegetation liquor of palm oil processing and palm oil mill effluent.
• the composition of the present invention can be prepared based on available or standard methods. It is expected that the preparation is safe and said composition is suitable for use in, but not limiting to, daily consumption including dietary supplements, nutraceuticals , and for health promoting purposes. It is further noted that the bioactive compound and its derivatives obtained based on the preferred embodiments of the present invention are suspected to exhibit antiviral and antimicrobial effects.
• the raw extracts obtained from any part of the oil palm, or oil palm based materials, including the vegetation liquor from palm oil milling and palm oil mill effluent for the purpose of the present invention may contain various other phenolic compounds in addition to the novel primary marker bioactive compound.
• the extracts obtained from oil palm based materials and more particularly for this disclosure, the vegetation liquor from palm oil milling and palm oil mill effluent when subjected to isolation and purification stages in accordance with the method of the present invention are found to contain a novel bioactive compound or their derivatives.
• the present invention extends, therefore to a novel bioactive compound; and method thereof, whereby the primary steps of said method are pre-treatment of raw extracts obtained from any part of the oil palm, the vegetation liquor from palm oil milling and palm oil mill effluents.
• This embodiment encompasses isolation of substantially purified bioactive compound having molecular weight of 482. It should be noted that an "isolated or purified" bioactive compound or biologically active portion thereof, is substantially free of other cellular materials or other components or substantially free of chemical precursors or other chemicals.
• the extracts obtained from the oil palm based materials may be subjected to a pretreatment process. Such process may be performed as portrayed in EXAMPLE 1 below.
• the first step of the method for preparation of the composition containing the bioactive compound is pretreatment of the raw extracts to obtain pre-concentrated or partially purified extracts. This may be performed with low stringent conditions of subjecting the extracts to a flash chromatography or the likes, or alternatively, subjecting said extracts to ethanol precipitation, prior to separation by high performance liguid chromatography. An example of such method is given by way of reference below and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.
• the main steps involved for the first approach is loading a " sep-pak" type column, removing impurities, eluting said extracts with methanol or ethanol and subjecting said extracts for concentration stage in a rotary evaporator.
• the second approach comprises the steps of adding an amount of extract to three volumes of cold ethanol (EtoH) , storing said mixture overnight at a preferred temperature of -20 °C, centrifuging at 1500 Xg for at least 15 minutes, dissolving the precipitate obtained from the previous step with a suitable amount of distilled water and concentrating by rotary evaporator at 50° C to obtain the preferred final value of 3 ml.
• EtoH cold ethanol
• the next imperative step of the method for the preparation of the composition as disclosed involves the isolation and purification of the phenolic compound from the partially purified or pre-treated extracts. This can be carried out with the conventional high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) based on low stringent conditions or parameters.
• HPLC high performance liquid chromatography
• An example of such method is given by way of reference below and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the claims .
• the preferred mobile phase gradient may comprise two solvents, with one solvent consisting of 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) with an amount of water and another solvent consisting of 10/90 of 0-1% TFA/acetonitrile (ACN) v/v.
• TFA trifluoroacetic acid
• ACN acetonitrile
• the HPLC chromatogram obtained from the injection of concentrated sample was observed. Identification of peak fractions was based on retention time. From the chromatogram, there were several peaks observed, wherein each of the peak fractions was subjected to structural and chemical identification.
• Reverse Transcriptase Assay Inhibitor Determination Fractions of 1 to 6 were further analyzed for protease and HIV reverse transcriptase inhibiting properties. In accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, the purified fraction of peak 6 of the disclosed invention has shown potent inhibitory action against both HIV protease and reverse transcriptase. Compound of molecular weight 482 corresponds to peak 6.
• the preferred assay system for analyzing the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication activity in associated in accordance to the present invention is the Reverse Transcriptase system.
• the viral activity can be determined by way of a Reverse Transcriptase Assay. Inhibition of reverse transcriptase is thus indicative of anti-viral and more specifically anti-HIV activity when HIV reverse trancriptase is used in the assay.
• the Calometric Roche Reverse Transcriptase Assay takes advantage of the ability of reverse transcriptase to synthesize DNA, starting from the template/primer hybrid poly (A) x oligo (dT)15. Digoxigenin- and biotin-labeled nucleotides in an optimized ratio are incorporated into one and the same DNA molecule, which is freshly synthesized by the RT . The detection and quantification of synthesized DNA as a parameter for RT activity follows a sandwich ELISA protocol: Biotin-labeled DNA binds to the surface of microtiter plate (MTP) modules that have been precoated with streptavidin .
• MTP microtiter plate
• an antibody to digoxigenin, conjugated to peroxidase binds to the digoxigenin-labeled DNA.
• the peroxidase substrate ABTS is added.
• the peroxidase enzyme catalyzes the cleavage of the substrate, producing a colored reaction product.
• the absorbance of the samples can be determined using a microtiter plate (ELISA) reader and is directly correlated to the level of RT activity in the sample. Accordingly, the fraction was prepared at various concentrations in both the dried and aqueous form. The four fractions from flash chromatography were also prepared with varying concentrations. It is observed that peak 6 exhibited significant and the highest inhibitory action, as seen in FIG 2.
• novel compound of the claimed invention may be prepared for use in a pharmaceutically effective or nutraceutically effective . amount, solely on its own or in combination with other agents or compounds deemed appropriate by a person skilled in the art. Further, compositions may be prepared in a manner, and in a form/amount as is conveniently practised.

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• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
• Public Health (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Epidemiology (AREA)
• Botany (AREA)
• Mycology (AREA)
• Microbiology (AREA)
• Medical Informatics (AREA)
• Biotechnology (AREA)
• Alternative & Traditional Medicine (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Oncology (AREA)
• Communicable Diseases (AREA)
• Virology (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
• Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
• Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
• Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)

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• 2012
  • 2012-07-27 MY MYPI2012700505A patent/MY185831A/en unknown
• 2013
  • 2013-07-26 US US14/417,741 patent/US9919020B2/en active Active
  • 2013-07-26 BR BR112015001856-4A patent/BR112015001856B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2013-07-26 IN IN1505DEN2015 patent/IN2015DN01505A/en unknown
  • 2013-07-26 EP EP13822269.0A patent/EP2877193A4/en active Pending
  • 2013-07-26 CN CN201380049180.6A patent/CN104853762A/zh active Pending
  • 2013-07-26 WO PCT/MY2013/000135 patent/WO2014017900A2/en not_active Ceased
• 2018
  • 2018-02-15 US US15/897,896 patent/US20180236022A1/en not_active Abandoned

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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