WO2014016541A1 - Armour - Google Patents
Armour Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014016541A1 WO2014016541A1 PCT/GB2013/000314 GB2013000314W WO2014016541A1 WO 2014016541 A1 WO2014016541 A1 WO 2014016541A1 GB 2013000314 W GB2013000314 W GB 2013000314W WO 2014016541 A1 WO2014016541 A1 WO 2014016541A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- tiles
- pellets
- armour
- sheets
- confined
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
- F41H5/02—Plate construction
- F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
- F41H5/0414—Layered armour containing ceramic material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
- F41H5/02—Plate construction
- F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
- F41H5/0492—Layered armour containing hard elements, e.g. plates, spheres, rods, separated from each other, the elements being connected to a further flexible layer or being embedded in a plastics or an elastomer matrix
Definitions
- This invention relates to ballistic armour for vehicles and installations.
- Ceramic materials have been used in armour from at least the 1950's. However, a major disadvantage of ceramic materials is that they tend to be brittle, limiting their ability to withstand multiple hits. A first bullet impact can crack the ceramic, resulting in a loss of protection against a second impact.
- armour in which a plurality of ceramic tiles or pellets, frequently hexagonal although possibly of other shapes, are assembled together in a spaced relationship with resilient material therebetween, and confined between a pair of sheets that provide environmental protection and structural rigidity to the assembly [see for example US6826996, EP1734332 and WO2006/103431].
- Such armour has the advantage that damage to a single tile or pellet does not necessarily result in cracks propagating through adjacent tiles. However, under extreme impact, the resilience of the material between the tiles is insufficient to absorb the energy of impact and cracks propagate through several tiles. This limits the ability of the armour to accept multiple hits.
- the armour as an array of tiles or pellets confined between a pair of sheets, in which at least one of said sheets is weakened overlying some boundaries between adjacent tiles or pellets. At least one of the tiles or pellets may be an individually confined tile or pellet, which may be confined between a further pair of sheets.
- the tiles or pellets may comprise bonded groups of tiles or pellets, said groups being assembled in an array and confined between at least a pair of sheets.
- the bonded groups of tiles or pellets may comprise an array of tiles or pellets confined between a further pair of sheets.
- the armour may comprise an array of tiles or pellets confined between a pair of sheets, in which at least one of said sheets is weakened overlying some boundaries between adjacent tiles or pellets to define bonded groups of tiles or pellets between said boundaries.
- Fig. 1 is a photograph of a comparative tiled armour after impact from a medium calibre weapon
- Fig. 2 is a photograph of the front face of tiled armour in accordance with the invention after receiving multiple strikes from a medium calibre weapon;
- Fig. 3 is a photograph of the rear face of tiled armour in accordance with the invention after receiving 6 strikes from a medium calibre weapon and 6 strikes from heavy machine gun rounds;
- Fig. 4 is an overall schematic of the armour of Figs. 2 and 3;
- Fig. 5 shows schematically in section and in plan a bonded group for use in the armour of Figs. 2 and 3;
- Fig. 6 shows tessellation of bonded groups to form armour according to the invention
- Fig. 7 shows an individually confined tile or pellet for use in the invention .
- Fig. 1 is a photograph of a comparative tiled armour after impact from a 30mm APDS Rarden round fired from a medium calibre cannon.
- Such armour can resist heavy machine gun rounds but, as can be seen, after impact from medium calibre rounds there is ceramic trauma and extended failure across the strike face. This appears to result from lateral transmission of shock from one tile to the next.
- Figs. 2 and 3 show armour according to the present invention after receiving multiple hits from 30mm APDS Rarden rounds fired from a medium calibre cannon. As can be seen, the armour defeated the projectiles with minimal bulging of the back plate [described below].
- Fig. 4 is an overall schematic of the armour of Figs. 2 and 3 which comprises a layer 1 of bonded groups 7 of tiles or pellets assembled in spaced relationship in an array [as described in more detail below] with resilient material 8 [e.g. rubber] therebetween.
- the layer 1 is confined between sheets 2, 2' [which may be of polycarbonate] bonded to the layer 1 by adhesive layers 3, 3' [which may be polyurethane adhesive].
- the front of the armour that would receive an impact in use is indicated by the arrow.
- Behind the layer 1 and confining sheets 2 is a ballistic backing 4.
- Ballistic backings are typically composites and typically include one or more of carbon fibres, glass fibres, aramid fibres, high density polyethylene fibres, polyoxazole fibres, metal fibres, or metal plates. However, this list is not exhaustive and other backings may be used. Trade names for commercially available ballistic backings include SpectraShieldTM and GoldShieldTM [Honeywell] and DyneemaTM [DSM].
- the backing used in the examples is Carbon Fibre Epoxy - MTM57-FRB/PANEX35.
- Fig 5 shows details of the bonded groups 7, which comprise ceramic tiles 9 in spaced relationship with resilient material 13 [e.g. rubber] therebetween.
- a group of seven hexagonal tiles is shown. Other tile shapes and group numbers may be used as appropriate.
- a group of three hexagonal tiles in mutual contact is useful.
- the tiles are hexagonal tiles of sintered silicon carbide with an edge to edge distance of 50mm and thickness of 20mm but other dimensions are applicable according to the level of threat to be received.
- the ceramic tiles 9 are confined between sheets 11, 11 ' [which may be of polycarbonate] bonded to the tiles 9 by adhesive layers 12, 12' [which may be polyurethane adhesive].
- the invention is not limited to polycarbonate sheets and other materials [e.g. polyethylene terephthalate polyester film or impregnated textile materials] may be used for the sheet.
- Adhesives that may be used include epoxy, cyanoacrylate, polysulphide, and polyurethane adhesives. However, this list is not exhaustive and other adhesives sufficient to provide good adherence to the ceramic may be used.
- the groups 7 tessellate as shown in Fig. 6. Individual tiles or smaller groups of tiles [e.g. groups of three] may be provided at the edge of the armour plate to provide more complete coverage. As will be evident, in the finished armour, the ceramic tiles 9 of each group 7 will be confined by four sheets [counting from the front of the armour, sheets 2; 11; 1 ⁇ ; and 2'].
- an equivalent regions of weakness may be provided by an array of tiles or pellets confined between a pair of sheets, in which at least one of said sheets is weakened overlying some boundaries between adjacent tiles or pellets to define bonded groups of tiles or pellets between said boundaries.
- the bonded groups of tiles or pellets comprises individually confined tiles or pellets.
- the armour may contain 3 pairs of sheets, each being separated and weakened to different levels. The layer in contact with the ceramic encapsulating one tile only, the next defining a bonded group and the third encapsulating the entire assembly.
- a further variant (shown in Fig. 7) was tested in which the tiles or pellets were not supplied as bonded groups, but as individually confined tiles or pellets 14, each comprising a hexagonal tile or pellet 15 confined between a pair of polycarbonate sheets 16,16' bonded to the tile or pellet using a polyurethane adhesive and disposed in an array in spaced relationship with resilient material 13 [e.g. rubber] therebetween; and bonded between a pair of polycarbonate sheets 17,17' using a polyurethane adhesive.
- the sheets 17,16 and 17', 16' constituted weakened sheets with the weakening being the gaps between the sheets 16 (and 16') of adjacent confined tiles or pellets 14.
- both sheets 17,16 and 17',16 were weakened overlying the boundaries between adjacent tiles or pellets.
- This construction showed a similar effect to that shown by the bonded groups, in that the weakening permitted individual tiles to move under impact, so mitigating the transmission of shock to the rest of the armour.
- a comparative arrangement of identical structure to the above variant, but in which the polycarbonate sheets 16,16' were each replaced by continuous polycarbonate sheets was also tested. The applicants reserve the right to claim such an arrangement in this or a divisional application, and to claim details of material or construction as disclosed and claimed for the other arrangements described herein.
- This arrangement can be considered as providing armour comprising an array of tiles or pellets confined between at least an upper pair of sheets and a lower pair of sheets. Further layers of sheets may be applied, in this (or indeed any of the other) arrangements.
- the number of layers of sheets need not be symmetrical about the tiles or pellets, and more layers may be provided at front or at back than are provided at back or front respectively.
- the present invention is not limited to particular materials or groups of materials but is defined by the geometry of assembling tiles or pellets, or bonded groups of tiles or pellets, between at least one pair of sheets where at least one of said a pair of sheets is weakened overlying some boundaries between adjacent tiles or pellets.
- the rear sheet need not necessarily be of the same material as the front sheet and indeed could form part of the backing to the armour.
- the weakening has been exemplified above by provision of several layers forming the at least one pair of sheets, with one layer comprising separate sheets each overlying individual tiles or pellets, or bonded groups of tiles or pellets, it is apparent that a similar effect may be provided with a single pair of sheets, at least one of which is scored or otherwise weakened in appropriate places.
- the above description describes use of resilient material disposed:-
- the resilient material may be metallic or an elastomer or may be a material that resiliently absorbs the shock of impact.
- the resilient material may be replaced either between the tiles or pellets or between the bonded groups of tiles or pellets or both with a frangible material that crushes under impact.
- a construction that would emphasise the manner of operation of the present invention would be to provide stronger bonding within the bonded groups of tiles or pellets than between the bonded groups of tiles or pellets. This could be by way varying the nature of the bond within and between bonded groups of tiles or pellets. One way would be to vary the thickness of the bonding material. A further way might be to provide a resilient bond within the bonded groups of tiles or pellets and a frangible bond between the bonded groups of tiles or pellets.
- the present invention is not limited to any particular level of threat, and can be applied to different levels of threat by varying tile or pellet dimensions, tile or pellet materials, backing construction, backing materials, sheet thicknesses, and sheet materials.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
- Finishing Walls (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA2878318A CA2878318C (en) | 2012-07-27 | 2013-07-19 | Armour |
ES13744766.0T ES2616062T3 (en) | 2012-07-27 | 2013-07-19 | Armor |
DK13744766.0T DK2877809T3 (en) | 2012-07-27 | 2013-07-19 | armor |
US14/416,237 US9909842B2 (en) | 2012-07-27 | 2013-07-19 | Armour |
EP13744766.0A EP2877809B1 (en) | 2012-07-27 | 2013-07-19 | Armour |
IL236575A IL236575B (en) | 2012-07-27 | 2015-01-04 | Armour comprising an array of tiles or pellets |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB1213560.4 | 2012-07-27 | ||
GBGB1213560.4A GB201213560D0 (en) | 2012-07-27 | 2012-07-27 | Armour |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2014016541A1 true WO2014016541A1 (en) | 2014-01-30 |
Family
ID=46881399
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/GB2013/000314 WO2014016541A1 (en) | 2012-07-27 | 2013-07-19 | Armour |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9909842B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2877809B1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2878318C (en) |
DK (1) | DK2877809T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2616062T3 (en) |
GB (1) | GB201213560D0 (en) |
IL (1) | IL236575B (en) |
PL (1) | PL2877809T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2014016541A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2511870B (en) | 2013-03-13 | 2015-02-11 | Np Aerospace Ltd | Vehicle armour |
CA2930569C (en) * | 2013-11-14 | 2021-10-26 | The Regents Of The University Of Michigan | Blast/impact frequency tuning and mitigation |
US10041767B2 (en) * | 2013-11-14 | 2018-08-07 | The Regents Of The University Of Michigan | Blast/impact frequency tuning and mitigation |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1288455A (en) * | 1960-04-29 | 1962-03-24 | Lonza Usines Electr Et Chim Sa | Laminated composite structure for projectile and impact resistant armor |
US4911061A (en) * | 1989-03-22 | 1990-03-27 | General Dynamics Land Systems, Inc. | Composite ceramic armor and method for making same |
EP0611943A1 (en) * | 1993-02-19 | 1994-08-24 | Meggitt (U.K.) Limited | Flexible shield for protection against penetration |
US20090114083A1 (en) * | 2006-01-23 | 2009-05-07 | Moore Iii Dan T | Encapsulated ceramic composite armor |
US20120137864A1 (en) * | 2010-08-11 | 2012-06-07 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Articulating protective system for resisting mechanical loads |
Family Cites Families (27)
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GB116685A (en) | 1917-06-15 | 1918-11-14 | Johannes Jacobus Loke | Improvements in Armour for Protection against Projectiles and Explosives. |
US3431818A (en) * | 1965-04-26 | 1969-03-11 | Aerojet General Co | Lightweight protective armor plate |
US3616115A (en) * | 1968-09-24 | 1971-10-26 | North American Rockwell | Lightweight ballistic armor |
US4307140A (en) * | 1980-07-31 | 1981-12-22 | Davis Thomas E | Abrasive resistant laminated article and method of manufacture |
US4757742A (en) * | 1982-09-27 | 1988-07-19 | Ara, Inc. | Composite ballistic armor system |
US4774143A (en) * | 1985-12-31 | 1988-09-27 | General Electric Company | Impact resistant glass |
US5333532A (en) * | 1988-06-03 | 1994-08-02 | Foster-Miller, Inc. | Survivability enhancement |
IL119386A (en) | 1996-10-09 | 2000-09-28 | Cohen Michael | Composite armor |
US5771489A (en) * | 1996-11-12 | 1998-06-30 | Titan Corporation | Penetration-resistant hinge and flexible armor incorporating same |
US5915528A (en) * | 1997-12-23 | 1999-06-29 | Shmuelov; Elyahu | Protective stripe assemblies with concave-convex interfaces |
US6532857B1 (en) * | 2000-05-12 | 2003-03-18 | Ceradyne, Inc. | Ceramic array armor |
US6826996B2 (en) | 2002-03-11 | 2004-12-07 | General Dynamics Land Systems, Inc. | Structural composite armor and method of manufacturing it |
DE102004026515A1 (en) * | 2004-05-19 | 2005-12-15 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Ceramic armor plate, tank system and method of making a ceramic armor plate |
US7093301B1 (en) * | 2004-11-08 | 2006-08-22 | Casco Manufacturing Solutions, Inc. | Equestrian vest |
US7698984B2 (en) * | 2005-03-08 | 2010-04-20 | Defbar Systems Llc | Ballistic projectile resistant barrier apparatus |
GB0506360D0 (en) | 2005-03-30 | 2005-05-04 | Secr Defence | A ceramic element for use in armour |
MX2007015574A (en) * | 2005-06-10 | 2008-02-25 | Saint Gobain Ceramics | Transparent ceramic composite. |
IL169230A (en) | 2005-06-16 | 2012-03-29 | Plasan Sasa Agricultural Cooperative Soc Ltd | Ballistic armor |
ES2361376T3 (en) | 2007-02-14 | 2011-06-16 | KRAUSS-MAFFEI WEGMANN GMBH & CO. KG | PROCEDURE FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF A COMPOSITE SHIELDING PLATE. |
US8720314B2 (en) * | 2007-09-17 | 2014-05-13 | The Boeing Company | Methods and systems for fabrication of composite armor laminates by preform stitching |
US7752955B2 (en) * | 2007-09-17 | 2010-07-13 | The Boeing Company | Methods and systems for fabrication of composite armor laminates by preform stitching |
US7685922B1 (en) * | 2007-10-05 | 2010-03-30 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Composite ballistic armor having geometric ceramic elements for shock wave attenuation |
US7997181B1 (en) * | 2007-12-10 | 2011-08-16 | Hardwire, Llc | Hard component layer for ballistic armor panels |
US20100104819A1 (en) * | 2008-10-23 | 2010-04-29 | University Of Virginia Patent Foundation | Interwoven sandwich panel structures and related method thereof |
US8424442B2 (en) * | 2009-02-12 | 2013-04-23 | Raytheon Company | Tile grid substructure for pultruded ballistic screens |
US8673103B2 (en) * | 2012-02-03 | 2014-03-18 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Method of fabricating an armor panel |
US8978536B2 (en) * | 2012-04-30 | 2015-03-17 | Future Force Innovation, Inc. | Material for providing blast and projectile impact protection |
-
2012
- 2012-07-27 GB GBGB1213560.4A patent/GB201213560D0/en not_active Ceased
-
2013
- 2013-07-19 PL PL13744766T patent/PL2877809T3/en unknown
- 2013-07-19 ES ES13744766.0T patent/ES2616062T3/en active Active
- 2013-07-19 CA CA2878318A patent/CA2878318C/en active Active
- 2013-07-19 US US14/416,237 patent/US9909842B2/en active Active
- 2013-07-19 EP EP13744766.0A patent/EP2877809B1/en active Active
- 2013-07-19 WO PCT/GB2013/000314 patent/WO2014016541A1/en active Application Filing
- 2013-07-19 DK DK13744766.0T patent/DK2877809T3/en active
-
2015
- 2015-01-04 IL IL236575A patent/IL236575B/en active IP Right Grant
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1288455A (en) * | 1960-04-29 | 1962-03-24 | Lonza Usines Electr Et Chim Sa | Laminated composite structure for projectile and impact resistant armor |
US4911061A (en) * | 1989-03-22 | 1990-03-27 | General Dynamics Land Systems, Inc. | Composite ceramic armor and method for making same |
EP0611943A1 (en) * | 1993-02-19 | 1994-08-24 | Meggitt (U.K.) Limited | Flexible shield for protection against penetration |
US20090114083A1 (en) * | 2006-01-23 | 2009-05-07 | Moore Iii Dan T | Encapsulated ceramic composite armor |
US20120137864A1 (en) * | 2010-08-11 | 2012-06-07 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Articulating protective system for resisting mechanical loads |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES2616062T3 (en) | 2017-06-09 |
US20150176950A1 (en) | 2015-06-25 |
GB201213560D0 (en) | 2012-09-12 |
DK2877809T3 (en) | 2017-02-27 |
CA2878318C (en) | 2018-09-11 |
CA2878318A1 (en) | 2014-01-30 |
EP2877809B1 (en) | 2016-11-16 |
IL236575A0 (en) | 2015-02-26 |
PL2877809T3 (en) | 2017-05-31 |
IL236575B (en) | 2018-05-31 |
EP2877809A1 (en) | 2015-06-03 |
US9909842B2 (en) | 2018-03-06 |
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