WO2014015972A1 - Power supply plant - Google Patents

Power supply plant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014015972A1
WO2014015972A1 PCT/EP2013/002169 EP2013002169W WO2014015972A1 WO 2014015972 A1 WO2014015972 A1 WO 2014015972A1 EP 2013002169 W EP2013002169 W EP 2013002169W WO 2014015972 A1 WO2014015972 A1 WO 2014015972A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat
fuel
fuel tank
supply system
heat pump
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2013/002169
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Thomas Heinze
Johannes Hemmer
Original Assignee
Hochschule Für Technik U. Wirtschaft Des Saarlandes
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hochschule Für Technik U. Wirtschaft Des Saarlandes filed Critical Hochschule Für Technik U. Wirtschaft Des Saarlandes
Publication of WO2014015972A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014015972A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
    • F24D3/08—Hot-water central heating systems in combination with systems for domestic hot-water supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D11/00—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses
    • F24D11/02—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps
    • F24D11/0214—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps water heating system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B30/00—Heat pumps
    • F25B30/02—Heat pumps of the compression type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B30/00—Heat pumps
    • F25B30/06—Heat pumps characterised by the source of low potential heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D20/0034—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using liquid heat storage material
    • F28D20/0043—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using liquid heat storage material specially adapted for long-term heat storage; Underground tanks; Floating reservoirs; Pools; Ponds
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D17/00—Domestic hot-water supply systems
    • F24D17/0005—Domestic hot-water supply systems using recuperation of waste heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D18/00—Small-scale combined heat and power [CHP] generation systems specially adapted for domestic heating, space heating or domestic hot-water supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2101/00—Electric generators of small-scale CHP systems
    • F24D2101/30—Fuel cells
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2101/00—Electric generators of small-scale CHP systems
    • F24D2101/70—Electric generators driven by internal combustion engines [ICE]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2101/00—Electric generators of small-scale CHP systems
    • F24D2101/80—Electric generators driven by external combustion engines, e.g. Stirling engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/11—Geothermal energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/16—Waste heat
    • F24D2200/18—Flue gas recuperation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/16—Waste heat
    • F24D2200/26—Internal combustion engine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D7/00—Central heating systems employing heat-transfer fluids not covered by groups F24D1/00 - F24D5/00, e.g. oil, salt or gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2327/00—Refrigeration system using an engine for driving a compressor
    • F25B2327/001—Refrigeration system using an engine for driving a compressor of the internal combustion type
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/40—Geothermal heat-pumps
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/18—Domestic hot-water supply systems using recuperated or waste heat
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/52—Heat recovery pumps, i.e. heat pump based systems or units able to transfer the thermal energy from one area of the premises or part of the facilities to a different one, improving the overall efficiency
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/14—Combined heat and power generation [CHP]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a power supply system according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Power supply systems of this type are known from the prior art.
  • Decentralized energy supply systems that use a heat pump for a heating system in particular single-family homes and multiple dwellings, are often operated in conjunction with auxiliary burners that are equipped with a tank system for this purpose.
  • energy supply systems of this type are found in so-called low-energy houses.
  • the heat pumps used in this case usually have a heat probe for receiving thermal energy from the environment. This can be done for example by solar reflectors or by absorption of geothermal energy.
  • the transport of the thermal energy is carried out by a refrigerant within a conduit system of the heat pump.
  • fuel tanks must be installed for the auxiliary burners, which also serve the power supply. These fuel tanks serve to store the required fuel and at the same time allow the incinerator to be supplied with energy even over a period of several weeks, even with high energy consumption. In this regard, they must be sufficiently sized in size.
  • a disadvantage of the prior art is that in each case a heat probe and a fuel tank must be installed in the known power supply systems.
  • Another disadvantage is that at least two circulation systems with different media, usually as piping systems, must be laid. This increases the risk of leakage.
  • a heat pump in which an internal combustion engine drives a compressor.
  • the internal combustion engine is stored in a water bath to absorb its waste heat.
  • a heat exchanger of the heat pump is arranged so that the waste heat of the engine can be used to a large extent.
  • the invention has for its object to avoid or mitigate disadvantages in the prior art.
  • An advantage of the energy supply system according to the invention is that by a thermal coupling of the heat probe of the heat pump with the fuel tank fuel tank, the heat probe can be designed technically easier.
  • a heat pump is understood to mean a device which transfers thermal energy from the heat probe to a location at a distance, so that the fuel tank is cooled and an object to be heated is heated.
  • the heat probe is designed as a heat exchanger within the fuel tank, so that a relocation of the heat probe as Erdettason- de is not required.
  • the fuel tank is preferably designed for storing LPG. Storage of other liquid fuels is also possible.
  • the fuel tank is filled with fuel.
  • the energy supply system to a combustion device, which for driving the heat pump with this is coupled and designed to burn the fuel.
  • a combustion device is to be understood as meaning, in particular, any device which generates mechanical and / or electrical energy by oxidation of the fuel.
  • the combustion device for generating mechanical energy by means of an internal combustion engine in particular piston engine, Wankel engine, Stirling engine and / or gas engine is set up and / or for generating electrical energy, for example by means of a fuel cell.
  • a coupling for driving the heat pump with the combustion device is understood to be any mechanical coupling, for example by means of a drive shaft, or any electrical coupling, for example by means of electrical conductors.
  • the heat generated during the combustion as well as the mechanical and / or electrical energy can be used simultaneously. This improves the overall efficiency of the energy supply system.
  • the combustion device comprises a generator for generating electrical current, and the heat pump is driven by the current generated by the generator.
  • the combustion device and the generator are part of a combined heat and power plant (CHP).
  • the mechanical energy generated in a heat-controlled combustor can drive the generator to generate electrical power and / or the heat pump.
  • the electrical power generated by the generator can be used for electrical consumers of a single or multi-family house.
  • the heat pump is electrically driven by the current generated by the generator.
  • the fuel tank has at least over the majority of its surface direct thermal contact with the surrounding soil.
  • the fuel tank is installed in a sand bed surrounding it. The function of a geothermal heat can thus be achieved by the fuel tank fuel.
  • the fuel tank is preferably positioned in a region of high geothermal density in the soil and preferably has a good thermal conductivity in the contact area with the soil, so that a good heat absorption can take place from the soil.
  • An additional heat probe that is to say in particular a deep hole and / or area collectors for the heat pump, is therefore not necessary since the heat probe is thermally coupled to the fuel tank.
  • the heat pump is a compressor heat pump and the fuel is the refrigerant of the heat pump.
  • Compressor heat pumps are a commonly used design for heat pumps and are technically mature and not very susceptible.
  • the heat pump is an absorption heat pump or an adsorption heat pump, which is operated by means of the fuel.
  • it is an oil-free compressor, so that an entry of compressor oil in the fuel tank can be prevented.
  • the fuel is at the same time the refrigerant of the heat pump, so that a material separation between fuel and refrigerant is not present and the thermal coupling of the fuel tank with the heat pump can be particularly easily realized because no heat exchanger is required.
  • An advantageous embodiment variant is characterized in that the heat probe, at least in this way also thermally engages with the fuel tank. is coupled, that the heat probe is at least partially enclosed by the fuel tank.
  • the fuel tank forms an evaporator of the heat pump.
  • an additional installation of an evaporator for the heat pump can be omitted.
  • the compressor is enclosed by the fuel tank fuel.
  • the fuel fuel tank can be installed pre-installed with the compressor.
  • the fuel is liquefied gas, more preferably at least 50% propane content.
  • the fuel is fuel gas with at least 95% propane content.
  • the energy supply system has at least one heat pipe, which is on the one hand in thermal contact with the soil or another heat source and on the other hand, the fuel tank, so that, for example, geothermal heat or heat from surface collectors in the fuel tank can be gelei- tet.
  • the fuel tank so that, for example, geothermal heat or heat from surface collectors in the fuel tank can be gelei- tet.
  • FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a first embodiment variant of the inventive energy supply system
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a first embodiment variant of the energy supply system according to the invention, in which the fuel is the refrigerant of the heat pump.
  • FIG. 1 an energy supply system 10 according to the invention with a fuel fuel tank 20 and a heat pump 30 is shown.
  • the fuel tank 20 is preferably a liquefied gas tank and the fuel 40 is a liquid gas, preferably with a minimum propane content of 50%.
  • the heat pump 30 is a compressor heat pump with a heat probe 50, a compressor 60, a condenser 70 and an expansion valve 80.
  • the fuel fuel tank 20 and the heat pump 30 have a thermal coupling, characterized in that the heat probe 50 of the heat pump 30 in the Fuel tank 20 is guided and there exchanges heat with the fuel 40.
  • the energy supply system 10 includes a combustion device 90, which is designed as an internal combustion engine.
  • the combustor 90 burns the fuel 40 thereby generating heat and mechanical energy.
  • the combustion device 90 drives a generator 100 via a shaft. This generates electricity that is generated by the power supply supply system 1 0 device to be supplied 1 10 supplied with electrical energy.
  • FIG. 2 shows a modified supply system 10 according to the invention, in which the refrigerant of the heat pump 30 is formed by the fuel 40.
  • the compressor 60 of the heat pump 30 is connected to the high-pressure gas phase of the fuel tank 40 by a separate port 160.
  • the fuel 40 flows unthrottled and thus without significant throttling losses from the fuel tank 40 in the compressor 60th
  • the condensed propane is injected into the fuel tank 40 behind the expansion valve 80, which may be electronically controlled. It drips there in the fuel tank 20 and is evaporated by geothermal energy, which passes from the soil 1 50 in the fuel tank 20 fuel, again.
  • the fuel tank 40 preferably has a capacity of at least 1, 5 tons, in particular of at least 2 tons of propane. In general, it is sufficient if the fuel tank fuel 20 has a capacity of less than 5 tons of propane. Dashed lines depict an optional heat pipe 140 that absorbs geothermal heat from the surrounding soil 150 and transports it to the fuel tank 20 or to an outside of the fuel tank 20, where the heat pipe 140 is in close thermal contact with the fuel tank 20. It is possible in this way to increase the maximum of the fuel tank 40 removable thermal performance, if that should turn out to be necessary.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Other Air-Conditioning Systems (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a power supply plant (10) with a tank (20) and a heat pump (30), which has at least one thermal probe (50), wherein the thermal probe (50) is thermally coupled to the tank (20). According to the invention, the tank is a fuel tank which is filled with fuel (40).

Description

Energieversorgungsanlage  Power supply system
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Energieversorgungsanlage gemäß dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1. The invention relates to a power supply system according to the preamble of claim 1.
Energieversorgungsanlagen dieser Art sind aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt. Dezentrale Energieversorgungsanlagen, die eine Wärmepumpe für ein Heizsystem verwenden, insbesondere von Ein- und Mehrfamilienhäusern, wer- den häufig in Verbindung mit Zusatzbrenneinrichtungen betrieben, die dafür mit einer Tankanlage ausgestattet sind. Insbesondere sind Energieversorgungsanlagen dieser Art bei sogenannten Niedrigenergiehäusern anzutreffen. Power supply systems of this type are known from the prior art. Decentralized energy supply systems that use a heat pump for a heating system, in particular single-family homes and multiple dwellings, are often operated in conjunction with auxiliary burners that are equipped with a tank system for this purpose. In particular, energy supply systems of this type are found in so-called low-energy houses.
Die verwendeten Wärmepumpen weisen dabei in der Regel eine Wärmesonde zur Aufnahme von thermischer Energie aus der Umgebung auf. Dies kann zum Beispiel durch Sonnenreflektoren oder durch Absorption von Erdwärme erfolgen. Der Transport der thermischen Energie erfolgt dabei durch ein Kältemittel innerhalb eines Leitungssystems der Wärmepumpe. Gleichzeitig müssen für die Zusatzbrenneinrichtungen, die ebenfalls der Energieversorgung dienen, Brennstofftanks installiert werden. Diese Brennstofftanks dienen der Speicherung des benötigten Brennstoffs und ermöglichen gleichzeitig eine Versorgung der Verbrennungsanlage auch bei hohem Energieverbrauch über mehrere Wochen ohne Nachfüllung. Diesbezüglich müssen sie hinsichtlich ihrer Größe ausreichend dimensioniert sein. The heat pumps used in this case usually have a heat probe for receiving thermal energy from the environment. This can be done for example by solar reflectors or by absorption of geothermal energy. The transport of the thermal energy is carried out by a refrigerant within a conduit system of the heat pump. At the same time, fuel tanks must be installed for the auxiliary burners, which also serve the power supply. These fuel tanks serve to store the required fuel and at the same time allow the incinerator to be supplied with energy even over a period of several weeks, even with high energy consumption. In this regard, they must be sufficiently sized in size.
Nachteilig am Stand der Technik ist, dass bei den bekannten Energieversorgungsanlagen jeweils eine Wärmesonde und ein Brennstoff tank installiert werden müssen. Ein weiterer Nachteil ist, dass dadurch mindestens zwei Kreis- laufsysteme mit unterschiedlichen Medien, in der Regel als Rohrleitungssysteme, verlegt werden müssen. Dadurch wird die Gefahr von Leckage erhöht. A disadvantage of the prior art is that in each case a heat probe and a fuel tank must be installed in the known power supply systems. Another disadvantage is that at least two circulation systems with different media, usually as piping systems, must be laid. This increases the risk of leakage.
BESTÄTIGUNGSKOPIE Aus der US 4,517,799 ist eine Wärmepumpe bekannt, bei der ein Verbrennungsmotor einen Verdichter antreibt. Der Verbrennungsmotor ist in einem Wasserbad gelagert, um dessen Abwärme aufzufangen. Im Wasserbad ist ein Wärmetauscher der Wärmepumpe angeordnet, so dass die Abwärme des Motors in weitem Umfang genutzt werden kann. CONFIRMATION COPY From US 4,517,799 a heat pump is known in which an internal combustion engine drives a compressor. The internal combustion engine is stored in a water bath to absorb its waste heat. In the water bath, a heat exchanger of the heat pump is arranged so that the waste heat of the engine can be used to a large extent.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, Nachteile im Stand der Technik zu vermeiden bzw. zu mindern. The invention has for its object to avoid or mitigate disadvantages in the prior art.
Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch eine Energieversorgungsanlage mit den Merkmalen von Anspruch 1 gelöst. The object is achieved by a power supply system with the features of claim 1.
Vorteilhaft an der erfindungsgemäßen Energieversorgungsanlage ist, dass durch eine thermische Kopplung der Wärmesonde der Wärmepumpe mit dem Brenn stoff tank die Wärmesonde technisch einfacher gestaltet sein kann. An advantage of the energy supply system according to the invention is that by a thermal coupling of the heat probe of the heat pump with the fuel tank fuel tank, the heat probe can be designed technically easier.
Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Beschreibung wird unter einer Wärmepumpe eine Vorrichtung verstanden, die Wärmeenergie von der Wärmesonde an einen beabstandeten Ort transferiert, so dass der Brenn stoff tank gekühlt und ein zu heizendes Objekt erwärmt wird. In the context of the present description, a heat pump is understood to mean a device which transfers thermal energy from the heat probe to a location at a distance, so that the fuel tank is cooled and an object to be heated is heated.
Vorzugweise ist die Wärmesonde als Wärmetauscher innerhalb des Brennstofftanks ausgebildet, so dass eine Verlegung der Wärmesonde als Erdwärmeson- de nicht erforderlich ist. Preferably, the heat probe is designed as a heat exchanger within the fuel tank, so that a relocation of the heat probe as Erdwärmeson- de is not required.
Der Brenn stoff tank ist vorzugsweise zur Speicherung von Flüssiggas ausgebildet. Eine Speicherung anderer flüssiger Brennstoffe ist ebenfalls möglich. Insbesondere ist der Brenn stoff tank mit Brennstoff gefüllt. The fuel tank is preferably designed for storing LPG. Storage of other liquid fuels is also possible. In particular, the fuel tank is filled with fuel.
In einer vorteilhaften Variante der Erfindung weist die Energieversorgungsanlage eine Verbrennungseinrichtung auf, die zum Antreiben der Wärmepumpe mit dieser gekoppelt und zum Verbrennen des Brennstoffs ausgebildet ist. In an advantageous variant of the invention, the energy supply system to a combustion device, which for driving the heat pump with this is coupled and designed to burn the fuel.
Unter einer Verbrennungseinrichtung ist vorliegend insbesondere jede Einrichtung zu verstehen, die durch Oxidation des Brennstoffs mechanische und/oder elektrische Energie erzeugt. Beispielsweise ist die Verbrennungsvorrichtung zur Erzeugung mechanischer Energie mittels eines Verbrennungsmotors, insbesondere Hubkolbenmotors, Wankelmotors, Stirlingmotors und/oder Gasmotors eingerichtet und/oder zur Erzeugung elektrischer Energie beispielsweise mittels einer Brennstoffzelle. In the present case, a combustion device is to be understood as meaning, in particular, any device which generates mechanical and / or electrical energy by oxidation of the fuel. For example, the combustion device for generating mechanical energy by means of an internal combustion engine, in particular piston engine, Wankel engine, Stirling engine and / or gas engine is set up and / or for generating electrical energy, for example by means of a fuel cell.
Unter einer Kopplung zum Antreiben der Wärmepumpe mit der Verbrennungseinrichtung wird jede mechanische Kopplung, zum Beispiel mittels einer Antriebswelle, oder jede elektrische Kopplung, zum Beispiel mittels elektrischer Leiter, verstanden. A coupling for driving the heat pump with the combustion device is understood to be any mechanical coupling, for example by means of a drive shaft, or any electrical coupling, for example by means of electrical conductors.
Vorteilhafterweise kann die bei der Verbrennung entstehende Wärme als auch die mechanische und/oder elektrische Energie gleichzeitig genutzt werden. Dadurch wird der Gesamtwirkungsgrad der Energieversorgungsanlage verbessert. Eine weitere vorteilhafte Ausführungsform sieht vor, dass die Verbrennungseinrichtung einen Generator zum Erzeugen von elektrischem Strom umfasst, und die Wärmepumpe durch den vom Generator erzeugten Strom angetrieben ist. Bevorzugt sind die Verbrennungseinrichtung und der Generator Teil eines Blockheizkraftwerkes (BHKW). Advantageously, the heat generated during the combustion as well as the mechanical and / or electrical energy can be used simultaneously. This improves the overall efficiency of the energy supply system. A further advantageous embodiment provides that the combustion device comprises a generator for generating electrical current, and the heat pump is driven by the current generated by the generator. Preferably, the combustion device and the generator are part of a combined heat and power plant (CHP).
Vorteilhafterweise kann die bei einer wärmegeführten Verbrennungsanlage erzeugte mechanische Energie den Generator zur Erzeugung von elektrischem Strom und/oder die Wärmepumpe antreiben. Bevorzugt kann der von dem Generator erzeugte elektrische Strom für elektrische Verbraucher eines Ein- oder Mehrfamilienhauses verwendet werden. Besonders bevorzugt wird die Wärmepumpe durch den vom Generator erzeugten Strom elektrisch angetrieben. ln einer bevorzugten Ausführungsvariante hat der Brennstoff tank zumindest über den überwiegenden Anteil seiner Oberfläche direkten thermischen Kontakt mit dem ihn umgebenden Erdreich. Vorzugsweise ist der Brennstoff tank in ein ihn umschließendes Sandbett installiert. Die Funktion einer Erdwärmeson- de kann somit durch den Brenn Stoff tank erreicht werden. Der Brennstoff tank ist dabei vorzugsweise in einem Bereich mit hoher Erdwärmedichte in dem Erdreich positioniert und weist bevorzugt eine gute Wärmeleitfähigkeit in dem Kontaktbereich mit dem Erdreich auf, so dass eine gute Wärmeaufnahme aus dem Erdreich erfolgen kann. Eine zusätzliche Wärmesonde, dass heißt insbesonde- re eine Tiefenbohrung und/oder Flächenkollektoren für die Wärmepumpe sind damit nicht erforderlich, da die Wärmesonde mit dem Brenn Stoff tank thermisch gekoppelt ist. Advantageously, the mechanical energy generated in a heat-controlled combustor can drive the generator to generate electrical power and / or the heat pump. Preferably, the electrical power generated by the generator can be used for electrical consumers of a single or multi-family house. Particularly preferably, the heat pump is electrically driven by the current generated by the generator. In a preferred embodiment, the fuel tank has at least over the majority of its surface direct thermal contact with the surrounding soil. Preferably, the fuel tank is installed in a sand bed surrounding it. The function of a geothermal heat can thus be achieved by the fuel tank fuel. The fuel tank is preferably positioned in a region of high geothermal density in the soil and preferably has a good thermal conductivity in the contact area with the soil, so that a good heat absorption can take place from the soil. An additional heat probe, that is to say in particular a deep hole and / or area collectors for the heat pump, is therefore not necessary since the heat probe is thermally coupled to the fuel tank.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Variante ist die Wärmepumpe eine Verdichter- Wärmepumpe und der Brennstoff ist das Kältemittel der Wärmepumpe. Verdichter-Wärmepumpen stellen eine häufig verwendete Bauweise für Wärmepumpen dar und sind technisch ausgereift und wenig anfällig. According to a preferred variant, the heat pump is a compressor heat pump and the fuel is the refrigerant of the heat pump. Compressor heat pumps are a commonly used design for heat pumps and are technically mature and not very susceptible.
Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist die Wärmepumpe eine Absorptions-Wärmepumpe oder eine Adsorptions-Wärmepumpe, die mittels des Brennstoffs betrieben wird. According to a further preferred embodiment, the heat pump is an absorption heat pump or an adsorption heat pump, which is operated by means of the fuel.
Besonders bevorzugt handelt es sich um einen ölfreien Verdichter, so dass ein Eintrag von Kompressoren-Öl in den Brenn Stoff tank verhindert werden kann. Particularly preferably, it is an oil-free compressor, so that an entry of compressor oil in the fuel tank can be prevented.
Bevorzugt ist der Brennstoff gleichzeitig das Kältemittel der Wärmepumpe, so dass eine stoffliche Trennung zwischen Brennstoff und Kältemittel nicht vorliegt und die thermische Kopplung des Brennstofftanks mit der Wärmepumpe besonders einfach realisiert werden kann, da kein Wärmetauscher erforderlich ist. Preferably, the fuel is at the same time the refrigerant of the heat pump, so that a material separation between fuel and refrigerant is not present and the thermal coupling of the fuel tank with the heat pump can be particularly easily realized because no heat exchanger is required.
Eine vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungsvariante ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wärmesonde zumindest auch dadurch mit dem Brennstofftank thermisch ge- koppelt ist, dass die Wärmesonde zumindest teilweise von dem Brennstoff tank umschlossen ist. Dadurch können konventionelle Kompressoren in der Energieversorgungsanlage eingesetzt werden, da ausgeschlossen ist, dass Schmieröl des Kompressors in den Brennstofftank eingetragen wird. An advantageous embodiment variant is characterized in that the heat probe, at least in this way also thermally engages with the fuel tank. is coupled, that the heat probe is at least partially enclosed by the fuel tank. As a result, conventional compressors can be used in the energy supply system, since it is impossible for lubricating oil from the compressor to be introduced into the fuel tank.
Vorteilhaft ist es, wenn der Brennstoff tank einen Verdampfer der Wärmepumpe bildet. In anderen Worten bedeutet dies, dass in Strömungsrichtung des Kältemittels hinter dem Brennstoff tank der Verdichter liegt, dahinter der Verflüssiger und dahinter der Brennstofftank als Verdampfer. Dadurch kann eine zu- sätzliche Installation eines Verdampfers für die Wärmepumpe unterbleiben. It is advantageous if the fuel tank forms an evaporator of the heat pump. In other words, this means that in the flow direction of the refrigerant behind the fuel tank, the compressor is behind the condenser and behind the fuel tank as an evaporator. As a result, an additional installation of an evaporator for the heat pump can be omitted.
In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführungsform wird der Verdichter von dem Brenn stoff tank umschlossen. Vorteilhaft ergibt sich daraus eine einfache Vor- Ort-Montage der Energieversorgungsanlage, da der Brenn stoff tank mit dem Verdichter vorinstalliert aufgestellt werden kann. In a further advantageous embodiment, the compressor is enclosed by the fuel tank fuel. Advantageously, this results in a simple on-site installation of the energy supply system, since the fuel fuel tank can be installed pre-installed with the compressor.
Bevorzugt ist der Brennstoff Flüssiggas, besonders bevorzugt mit mindestens 50 % Propananteil. Bevorzugt ist der Brennstoff Brenngas mit zumindest 95% Propananteil. Preferably, the fuel is liquefied gas, more preferably at least 50% propane content. Preferably, the fuel is fuel gas with at least 95% propane content.
Vorzugsweise weist die Energieversorgungsanlage zumindest eine Heatpipe auf, die einerseits im thermischen Kontakt mit dem Erdreich oder einer anderen Wärmequelle und andererseits dem Brenn stoff tank steht, so dass beispielsweise Erdwärme oder Wärme von Flächenkollektoren in den Brennstofftank gelei- tet werden kann. Dadurch wird insbesondere bei hohem Energiebedarf der zu versorgenden Einrichtung eine zusätzliche Energiequelle bereitgestellt, so dass eine Verdampfung des Brennstoffs gewährleistet werden kann. Nachfolgend werden Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung anhand der beigefügten Figuren näher erläutert. Es zeigen Preferably, the energy supply system has at least one heat pipe, which is on the one hand in thermal contact with the soil or another heat source and on the other hand, the fuel tank, so that, for example, geothermal heat or heat from surface collectors in the fuel tank can be gelei- tet. As a result, an additional energy source is provided, in particular when the energy requirement of the device to be supplied is high, so that evaporation of the fuel can be ensured. Embodiments of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying figures. Show it
Figur 1 ein Blockschaltbild einer ersten Ausgestaltungsvariante der erfin- dungsgemäßen Energieversorgungsanlage und 1 shows a block diagram of a first embodiment variant of the inventive energy supply system and
Figur 2 ein Blockschaltbild einer ersten Ausgestaltungsvariante der erfindungsgemäßen Energieversorgungsanlage, bei der der Brennstoff das Kältemittel der Wärmepumpe ist. Figure 2 is a block diagram of a first embodiment variant of the energy supply system according to the invention, in which the fuel is the refrigerant of the heat pump.
In Figur 1 ist eine erfindungsgemäße Energieversorgungsanlage 10 mit einem Brenn stoff tank 20 und einer Wärmepumpe 30 gezeigt. In Figure 1, an energy supply system 10 according to the invention with a fuel fuel tank 20 and a heat pump 30 is shown.
Im Inneren des Brennstofftanks 20 ist ein Brennstoff 40 gelagert. Vorzugsweise handelt es sich bei dem Brenn stoff tank 20 um einen Flüssiggastank und bei dem Brennstoff 40 um ein Flüssiggas, vorzugsweise mit einem Mindestpropan- anteil von 50%. Inside the fuel tank 20, a fuel 40 is stored. The fuel tank 20 is preferably a liquefied gas tank and the fuel 40 is a liquid gas, preferably with a minimum propane content of 50%.
Die Wärmepumpe 30 ist eine Verdichter-Wärmepumpe mit einer Wärmesonde 50, einem Verdichter 60, einem Verflüssiger 70 und einem Expansionsventil 80. Der Brenn stoff tank 20 und die Wärmepumpe 30 weisen eine thermische Kopplung auf, dadurch dass die Wärmesonde 50 der Wärmepumpe 30 in den Brenn stoff tank 20 geführt ist und dort mit dem Brennstoff 40 Wärme austauscht. The heat pump 30 is a compressor heat pump with a heat probe 50, a compressor 60, a condenser 70 and an expansion valve 80. The fuel fuel tank 20 and the heat pump 30 have a thermal coupling, characterized in that the heat probe 50 of the heat pump 30 in the Fuel tank 20 is guided and there exchanges heat with the fuel 40.
Des Weiteren umfasst die Energieversorgungsanlage 10 eine Verbrennungseinrichtung 90, die als Verbrennungsmotor ausgebildet ist. Die Verbrennungseinrichtung 90 verbrennt den Brennstoff 40 und erzeugt dabei Wärme und mechanische Energie. Furthermore, the energy supply system 10 includes a combustion device 90, which is designed as an internal combustion engine. The combustor 90 burns the fuel 40 thereby generating heat and mechanical energy.
Die Verbrennungseinrichtung 90 treibt über eine Welle einen Generator 100 an. Dieser erzeugt elektrischen Strom, der durch die mit der Energieversor- gungsanlage 1 0 zu versorgende Einrichtung 1 10 mit elektrischer Energie versorgt. The combustion device 90 drives a generator 100 via a shaft. This generates electricity that is generated by the power supply supply system 1 0 device to be supplied 1 10 supplied with electrical energy.
Gleichzeitig erzeugt die Verbrennungsrichtung 90 thermische Energie, die zur Erwärmung von Brauchwasser 95, beispielsweise mittels eines Abgaswärmetauschers 96, und/oder einer Heizungsanlage verwendet wird. Der Brennstofftank 20 ist dabei vollständig mit Erdreich 1 50 bedeckt, dass heißt unter eine Erdoberfläche 120 in das Erdreich 1 50 abgesenkt. Figur 2 zeigt eine abgewandelte erfindungsgemäße Versorgungsanlage 10, bei der das Kältemittel der Wärmepumpe 30 durch den Brennstoff 40 gebildet ist. Der Verdichter 60 der Wärmepumpe 30 ist mit einem separaten Anschluss 160 an die Hochdruck-Gasphase des Brennstofftanks 40 angeschlossen. Der Brennstoff 40 strömt ungedrosselt und damit ohne nennenswerte Drosselver- luste aus dem Brennstoff tank 40 in den Verdichter 60. At the same time, the combustion direction 90 generates thermal energy which is used for heating service water 95, for example by means of an exhaust gas heat exchanger 96, and / or a heating system. The fuel tank 20 is completely covered with soil 1 50, that is, under a surface of the earth 120 lowered into the soil 1 50. FIG. 2 shows a modified supply system 10 according to the invention, in which the refrigerant of the heat pump 30 is formed by the fuel 40. The compressor 60 of the heat pump 30 is connected to the high-pressure gas phase of the fuel tank 40 by a separate port 160. The fuel 40 flows unthrottled and thus without significant throttling losses from the fuel tank 40 in the compressor 60th
Nachdem der Brennstoff 40, der insbesondere durch Propan gebildet ist, durch den Verdichter 60 verdichtet worden ist und damit eine höhere Temperatur besitzt, wird diese Wärme mittels eines Wärmetauschers, der im Verflüssiger 70 integriert ist, an eine Nutzwärmeleitung 1 30 abgegeben, die die Einrichtung 1 1 0, insbesondere das Wohnhaus, mit Wärme versorgt. After the fuel 40, which is formed in particular by propane, has been compressed by the compressor 60 and thus has a higher temperature, this heat is discharged by means of a heat exchanger, which is integrated in the condenser 70, to a Nutzwärmelung 1 30, the device 1 1 0, in particular the house, supplied with heat.
Das kondensierte Propan wird hinter dem Expansionsventil 80, das elektronisch geregelt sein kann, in den Brennstofftank 40 eingespritzt. Es tropft dort in den Brennstoff tank 20 und wird durch Erdwärme, die vom Erdreich 1 50 in den Brenn stoff tank 20 übergeht, wieder verdampft. The condensed propane is injected into the fuel tank 40 behind the expansion valve 80, which may be electronically controlled. It drips there in the fuel tank 20 and is evaporated by geothermal energy, which passes from the soil 1 50 in the fuel tank 20 fuel, again.
Der Brenn stoff tank 40 hat vorzugsweise ein Fassungsvolumen von zumindest 1 ,5 Tonnen, insbesondere von zumindest 2 Tonnen Propan. In der Regel ist es ausreichend , wenn der Brenn stoff tank 20 ein Fassungsvermögen von weniger als 5 Tonnen Propan besitzt. Gestrichelt eingezeichnet ist eine optional zurüstbare Heatpipe 140, die Erdwärme aus dem umgebenden Erdreich 150 aufnimmt und in den Brennstoff tank 20 oder an eine Außenseite des Brennstofftanks 20 transportiert, wo die Heatpipe 140 in engem thermischen Kontakt mit dem Brennstofftank 20 steht. Es ist auf diese Weise möglich, die maximal über den Brennstofftank 40 entnehmbare thermische Leistung zu steigern, sofern sich das als notwendig herausstellen sollte. The fuel tank 40 preferably has a capacity of at least 1, 5 tons, in particular of at least 2 tons of propane. In general, it is sufficient if the fuel tank fuel 20 has a capacity of less than 5 tons of propane. Dashed lines depict an optional heat pipe 140 that absorbs geothermal heat from the surrounding soil 150 and transports it to the fuel tank 20 or to an outside of the fuel tank 20, where the heat pipe 140 is in close thermal contact with the fuel tank 20. It is possible in this way to increase the maximum of the fuel tank 40 removable thermal performance, if that should turn out to be necessary.
Bezugszeic enliste Reference list
10 Energieversorgungsanlage10 energy supply system
20 Brenn stoff tank 20 fuel tank
30 Wärmepumpe  30 heat pump
40 Brennstoff  40 fuel
50 Wärmesonde  50 heat probe
60 Verdichter 60 compressors
70 Verflüssiger  70 liquefier
80 Expansionsventil  80 expansion valve
90 Verbrennungseinrichtung 90 combustion device
95 Brauchwasser 95 service water
96 Abgaswärmetauscher 100 Generator  96 exhaust gas heat exchanger 100 generator
110 zu versorgende Einrichtung110 device to be supplied
120 Erdoberfläche 120 Earth surface
130 Nutzwärmeleitung  130 useful heat pipe
140 Heatpipe  140 heatpipe
150 Erdreich  150 soil
160 Anschluss  160 connection

Claims

Energieversorgungsanlage (10) mit Energy supply system (10) with
(a) einem Tank (20) und  (a) a tank (20) and
(b) einer Wärmepumpe (30), die mindestens eine Wärmesonde (50) aufweist,  (b) a heat pump (30) having at least one heat probe (50),
(c) wobei die Wärmesonde (50) mit dem Tank (20) thermisch gekoppelt ist,  (c) wherein the heat probe (50) is thermally coupled to the tank (20),
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass characterized in that
(d) der Tank ein Brennstofftank ist, der mit Brennstoff (40) gefüllt ist.  (d) the tank is a fuel tank filled with fuel (40).
Energieversorgungsanlage (10) nach Anspruch 1 , gekennzeichnet durch eine Verbrennungseinrichtung (90), die Energy supply system (10) according to claim 1, characterized by a combustion device (90), the
mit der Wärmepumpe (30) zum Antreiben gekoppelt und  coupled with the heat pump (30) for driving and
zum Verbrennen des Brennstoffs (40) ausgebildet ist.  for burning the fuel (40) is formed.
Energieversorgungsanlage (10) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verbrennungseinrichtung (90) einen Generator (100) zum Erzeugen von elektrischem Strom umfasst, und die Wärmepumpe (30) durch den vom Generator (100) erzeugten Strom angetrieben ist. Energy supply system (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the combustion device (90) comprises a generator (100) for generating electrical current, and the heat pump (30) is driven by the current generated by the generator (100).
Energieversorgungsanlage (10) nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Brennstofftank (20) zumindest über den überwiegenden Anteil seiner Oberfläche direkten thermischen Kontakt mit dem umgebenden Erdreich (150) hat. Energy supply system (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fuel tank (20) at least over the predominant portion of its surface has direct thermal contact with the surrounding soil (150).
Energieversorgungsanlage (10) nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wärmepumpe (30) eine Verdichter- Wärmepumpe ist und der Brennstoff (40) das Kältemittel der Wärmepumpe (30) ist. Energy supply system (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heat pump (30) is a compressor heat pump and the fuel (40) is the refrigerant of the heat pump (30).
6. Energieversorgungsanlage (10) nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wärmesonde (50) zumindest auch dadurch mit dem Brennstofftank (20) thermisch gekoppelt ist, dass die Wärmesonde (50) zumindest teilweise von dem Brennstofftank (20) umschlossen ist. 6. Energy supply system (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heat probe (50) is at least thermally coupled thereby to the fuel tank (20) that the heat probe (50) is at least partially enclosed by the fuel tank (20) ,
7. Energieversorgungsanlage (10) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Brennstofftank (20) einen Verdampfer der Wärmepumpe (30) bildet. 7. Energy supply system (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fuel tank (20) forms an evaporator of the heat pump (30).
8. Energieversorgungsanlage (10) nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Brennstofftank (20) den Verdichter (60) umschließt. 8. Energy supply system (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fuel tank (20) surrounds the compressor (60).
9. Energieversorgungsanlage (10) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Brennstoff (40) Flüssiggas ist. 9. Energy supply system (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fuel (40) is LPG.
10. Energieversorgungsanlage (10) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet durch zumindest eine Heatpipe, die in thermischem Kontakt mit dem Erdreich (150) und dem Brennstofftank (20) steht, so dass Erdwärme in den Brennstofftank (20) transportierbar ist. 10. Energy supply system (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by at least one heat pipe, which is in thermal contact with the soil (150) and the fuel tank (20), so that geothermal heat in the fuel tank (20) is transportable.
PCT/EP2013/002169 2012-07-23 2013-07-22 Power supply plant WO2014015972A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH133009A (en) * 1927-12-30 1929-05-15 Peter Dr Schlumbohm Vacuum chiller.
US4008709A (en) * 1975-03-17 1977-02-22 Jardine Douglas M Underground storage system for heating and cooling systems
DE2800512A1 (en) * 1978-01-05 1979-07-12 Franz Winkelmaier Long term heat storage system - uses buried tanks for liq. heated by solar collector
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