WO2014007971A1 - Ensemble joints d'arbres - Google Patents

Ensemble joints d'arbres Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014007971A1
WO2014007971A1 PCT/US2013/045824 US2013045824W WO2014007971A1 WO 2014007971 A1 WO2014007971 A1 WO 2014007971A1 US 2013045824 W US2013045824 W US 2013045824W WO 2014007971 A1 WO2014007971 A1 WO 2014007971A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
shaft
stator
rotor
seal assembly
seal
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2013/045824
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
David C. Orlowski
Neil F. Hoehle
Robert A. Tejano
Morgan PULLIAS
Original Assignee
Inpro/Seal Llc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Inpro/Seal Llc filed Critical Inpro/Seal Llc
Priority to CA2876871A priority Critical patent/CA2876871A1/fr
Publication of WO2014007971A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014007971A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00—Sealings
    • F16J15/002—Sealings comprising at least two sealings in succession
    • F16J15/004—Sealings comprising at least two sealings in succession forming of recuperation chamber for the leaking fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72—Sealings
    • F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/78—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
    • F16C33/7886—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted outside the gap between the inner and outer races, e.g. sealing rings mounted to an end face or outer surface of a race

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a shaft seal assembly with multiple embodiments.
  • the shaft seal assembly may be used as a product seal between a product vessel and a shaft therein.
  • Labyrinth seals for example, have been in common use for many years for application to sealing rotatable shafts. A few of the advantages of labyrinth seals over contact seals are increased wear resistance, extended operating life and reduced power consumption during use. Labyrinth seals, however, also depend on a close and defined clearance with the rotatable shaft for proper function. Shaft misalignment is also a problem with "contact" seals because the contact between the seal and misaligned shaft typically results in greater wear. Abrasiveness of the product also affects the wear pattern and the useful life of the contact seals.
  • the present art offers improved shaft sealing and product seal performance over the prior art.
  • the shaft seal assembly solution disclosed and claimed herein allows both tight or low running clearance between seal members and the stationary member and a loose running clearance for adjustment or response to operational conditions especially misalignment of a rotatable shaft with respect to the stator or stationary member.
  • the present art describes and provides for improved function by allowing a labyrinth seal to adjust to radial, axial and angular movements of the shaft while maintaining a desired shaft-to-labyrinth clearance.
  • the present art also permits equalization of pressure across the labyrinth pattern by permitting venting and thus improved function over currently available designs.
  • sealing fluid air, steam, gas or liquid
  • inboard or outboard pressure over-pressurization
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective exterior view of the shaft seal assembly.
  • FIG. 2 is an exterior end view of the shaft seal assembly with the shaft element aligned.
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a first embodiment of the shaft seal assembly, as shown in FIG. 2 and mounted to a housing.
  • FIG. 3A illustrates the first surface seal-shaft integrity during angular and radial shaft alignment.
  • FIG. 3B illustrates second surface seal-shaft integrity during angular and radial shaft alignment.
  • FIG. 4 is an exterior end view with the shaft misaligned.
  • FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the first embodiment as shown in FIG. 3 with both angular and radial misalignment of the shaft applied.
  • FIG. 5A illustrates first seal-shaft integrity allowed by articulation during angular and radial shaft misalignment.
  • FIG. 5B illustrates second seal-shaft integrity allowed by articulation during angular and radial shaft misalignment.
  • FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a second embodiment of the shaft seal assembly as shown in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a third embodiment as shown in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a fourth embodiment as mounted to a vessel wall.
  • FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional of view of one embodiment of the shaft seal assembly with the shaft aligned with respect to the housing.
  • FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the shaft seal assembly with the shaft aligned with respect to the housing.
  • FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 10 with the shaft misaligned with respect to the housing.
  • FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 9 of the invention showing the shaft misaligned with respect to the housing.
  • FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 9 showing the shaft misaligned with respect to the housing.
  • FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of a third embodiment of the shaft seal assembly.
  • FIG. 14A is a detailed cross-sectional view of the interface between the rotor and the shaft of the third embodiment of the shaft seal assembly.
  • FIG. 15 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of a multi-shaft seal assembly.
  • FIG. 15A is a perspective view of the embodiment of a multi-shaft seal assembly shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 15B is a rear perspective view of the embodiment of a multi-shaft seal assembly shown in FIG. 15.
  • FIG. 16 is a plane vertical view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 15.
  • FIG. 17 is an axial, cross-sectional view of one of the seals shown in the embodiment in FIG. 15.
  • FIG. 18A is a perspective view of another embodiment of a shaft seal assembly.
  • FIG. 18B is an axial, cross-sectional view of the embodiment of a shaft seal assembly shown in FIG. 18A.
  • FIG. 18C is an axial, exploded cross-sectional view of the embodiment of a shaft seal assembly shown in FIG. 18A.
  • FIG. 18D is a detailed cross-sectional view of the embodiment of a shaft seal assembly shown in FIGS. 18A-18C wherein the shaft is vertically oriented.
  • Figures 1-5 provide a view of a first embodiment of the shaft seal assembly 25 that allows for sealing various lubricating solutions within bearing housing 30.
  • Figures 6 and 7 provide alternative embodiments of the shaft seal assembly 25 wherein sealing fluids are used.
  • Applicant herein defines sealing fluids to include both liquids and vapors. Applicant considers air, nitrogen, water and steam as well as any other fluid which may work with the proposed shaft seal assembly to provide a pressurized fluid barrier for any and all embodiments disclosed herein to be within the purview of the present disclosure.
  • the gas or fluid chosen is based on process suitability with the product to be sealed.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective exterior view of the shaft seal assembly 25 arranged and engaged with a shaft 1 inserted through the fixed stator 2 of shaft seal assembly 25.
  • Figure 2 is an exterior end view of the shaft seal assembly with shaft 1 aligned within the shaft seal assembly 25.
  • FIG 3 is a sectional view of a first embodiment of the shaft seal assembly 25 shown in Figure 2 illustrating the shaft seal assembly 25 as a labyrinth seal for retaining lubrication solution within the bearing cavity 32 of housing 30.
  • the shaft 1 shown in Figure 3 is the type which may experience radial, angular or axial movement relative to the fixed stator element or portion of the fixed stator 2 during rotation.
  • the fixed stator portion of the shaft seal assembly 25 may be flange-mounted or press-fit or attached by other means to a housing 30.
  • the invention will also function with a rotating housing and stationary shaft. (Not shown) As required by the particular application, the shaft 1 is allowed to move freely in the axial direction in relation to the shaft seal assembly 25.
  • a labyrinth seal 3 having an interior surface is engaged with shaft 1.
  • a defined clearance 6 exists between the interior surface of said labyrinth seal 3 and the shaft 1.
  • Opposite the interior surface of said labyrinth seal 3 is the radiused surface 3 a of said labyrinth seal 3.
  • the radiused surface 3 a of the labyrinth seal 3 and the interior of the floating stator 4 forms a spherical interface l l .
  • O- ring channels 15 and o-rings 7 are disposed to cooperate with said radiused surface 3 a of said labyrinth seal 3 to seal (or trap) fluid migration through, between and along engaged labyrinth seal 3 and floating stator 4 while maintaining spherical interface 11 which allows limited relative rotational movement (articulation) between labyrinth seal 3 and floating stator 4.
  • O-ring channels 15, as shown, are machined into the floating stator 4 and positioned at the spherical interface 11 with labyrinth seal 3.
  • O-ring channels 15 are annular and continuous in relation to labyrinth seal 3.
  • the o-ring channel 15 and o-ring 7 may also be placed in the labyrinth seal 3 adjacent the spherical interface 11.
  • O-rings 7 should be made of materials that are compatible with both the product to be sealed and the preferred sealing fluid chosen.
  • O-ring channels 15 and o-rings 7 are one possible combination of sealing means that may be used within the shaft seal assembly 25 as recited in the claims.
  • Strategically placed anti-rotation pin(s) 12 inserted into anti-rotation grooves 10 limit relative rotational movement between labyrinth seal 3 and floating stator 4.
  • a plurality of anti-rotation grooves 10 and pins 12 may be placed around the radius of the shaft 1. If the shaft seal assembly 25 is used in combination with a sealing fluid, strategic anti-rotation pins 12 may be removed allowing corresponding anti-rotation grooves 10 to serve as a fluid passage through vent 9 and lubricant return 5.
  • the relationship of the diameters of anti-rotation pins 12 and anti-rotation grooves 10 may be selected to allow more or less angular misalignment of the shaft 1.
  • a small diameter anti-rotation pin 12 used with a large diameter anti-rotation groove 10 would allow for greater relative movement of the labyrinth seal 3 in relation to the floating stator 4 in response to angular misalignment of shaft 1.
  • a continuous annular channel is formed within fixed stator 2 and defined by clearance 20 and 21 as allowed between the exterior of said floating stator 4 and said interior of said fixed stator 2 of shaft seal assembly 25.
  • the annular channel of fixed stator 2 is highlighted as A- A' in Figure 2.
  • the annular channel of the fixed stator has interior surfaces which are substantially
  • An inner annular interface is formed by the first (shaft seal assembly inboard side) perpendicular annular channel surface of the fixed stator 2 engaging with the first (inboard side) perpendicular face of the floating stator 4.
  • An outer annular interface is formed by the second (shaft seal assembly outboard side) perpendicular annular interior channel surface of the fixed stator 2 engaging with the second (outboard side) perpendicular face of the floating stator 4.
  • O-ring channels 19 and o-rings 13 disposed therein cooperate with the surfaces of floating stator 4 which are in perpendicular to relation to shaft 1 to sealing (or trap) fluid migration between and along engaged floating stator 4 while allowing limited relative rotational movement between floating stator 4 and fixed stator 2.
  • O-ring channels 19 are annular and continuous in relation to shaft 1.
  • the o-ring channels 19 and o-rings 13 may be placed in the body of the floating stator 4 instead of the fixed stator 2 (not shown) but must be placed in similar proximal relation.
  • O-rings 13 should be made of materials that are compatible with both the product to be sealed and the preferred sealing fluid chosen.
  • O- ring channels 19 and o-rings 13 are one possible combination of sealing means that may be used within the shaft seal assembly 25 as recited in the claims.
  • Strategically placed anti-rotation pin(s) 8 inserted into anti-rotation groove(s) 16 limit both relative radial and rotational movement between floating stator 4 and interior side of fixed stator 2.
  • a plurality of anti-rotation grooves 16 and pins 8 may be placed around the radius of the shaft 1.
  • the relationship of the diameters of anti-rotation pins 8 and anti-rotation grooves 16 may also be selected to allow more or less angular misalignment of the shaft.
  • a small diameter anti- rotation pin 8 and large diameter fixed stator anti-rotation groove allow for greater relative movement of the labyrinth seal 3 in response to angular misalignment of shaft 1.
  • the labyrinth pattern seal grooves 14 may be pressure equalized by venting through one or more vents 9. If so desired, the vents may be supplied with a pressurized sealing fluid to over- pressurize the labyrinth area 14 and shaft seal clearance 6 to increase the efficacy of shaft seal assembly 25.
  • a spherical interface 11 between the labyrinth seal 3 and the floating stator 4 allow for angular misalignment between the shaft 1 and fixed stator 2.
  • O-ring channels 19 are annular with the shaft 1 and, as shown, are machined into the fixed stator 2 and positioned at the interface between the fixed stator 2 and floating stator 4. O-ring channel 19 may also be placed in the floating stator 4 for sealing contact with the fixed stator 2.
  • Figure 3A illustrates seal-shaft integrity during angular and radial shaft alignment. This view highlights the alignment of the axial face 17 of the labyrinth seal 3 and the axial face 18 of the floating stator 4. Particular focus is drawn to the alignment of the axial faces 17 and 18 at the spherical interface 11 between the floating stator 4 and labyrinth 3.
  • Figure 3B illustrates the shaft-seal integrity during angular and radial shaft alignment at the surface opposite that shown in Figure 3 A. This view highlights the alignment of the axial faces 17 and 18 of labyrinth seal 3 and floating stator 4, respectively, for the opposite portion of the shaft seal assembly 25 as shown in Figure 3A.
  • Figure 4 is an exterior end view of the shaft seal assembly 25 with the rotatable shaft 1 misaligned therein.
  • Figure 5 is a sectional view of the first embodiment of the shaft seal assembly 25 as shown in figure 3 with both angular and radial misalignment of the shaft 1 applied.
  • the shaft 1 as shown in figure 5 is also of the type which may experience radial, angular or axial movement relative to the fixed stator 2 portion of the shaft seal assembly 25.
  • the defined radial clearance 6 of labyrinth seal 3 with shaft 1 has been maintained even though the angle of shaft misalignment 31 has changed.
  • the shaft 1 is still allowed to move freely in the axial direction even though the angle of shaft misalignment 31 has changed.
  • the arrangement of the shaft seal assembly 25 allows the labyrinth seal 3 to move with the floating stator 4 upon introduction of radial movement of said shaft 1.
  • the labyrinth seal 3 and floating stator 4 are secured together by one or more compressed o-rings 7. Rotation of the labyrinth seal 3 within the floating stator 4 is prevented by anti-rotation means which may include a screws, pins or similar devices 12 to inhibit rotation.
  • Lubricant or other media to be sealed by the labyrinth seal 3 may be collected and drained through a series of one or more optional drains or lubricant return pathways 5.
  • the labyrinth seal 3 may be pressure equalized by venting through one or more vents 9. If so desired, the vents 9 may be supplied with pressurized air or other gas or fluid media to over-pressurize the labyrinth seal 3 to increase seal efficacy.
  • the combination of close tolerances between the cooperatively engaged mechanical portions of the shaft seal assembly 25 and pressurized sealing fluid inhibit product and contaminate contact with the internals of the shaft seal assembly 25.
  • the spherical interface 11 between the labyrinth seal 3 and the floating stator 4 allow for angular misalignment between the shaft 1 and fixed stator 2.
  • O-ring channel 19 and o-ring 13 disposed therein cooperate with the opposing faces of the floating stator 4, which are substantially in perpendicular relation to shaft 1, to seal (or trap) fluid migration between and along engaged floating stator 4 while allowing limited relative radial (vertical) movement between stator 4 and fixed stator 2.
  • Figure 5 A illustrates seal-shaft integrity allowed by the shaft seal assembly 25 during angular and radial shaft misalignment.
  • This view highlights the offset or articulation of the axial faces 17 of the labyrinth seal in relation the axial faces 18 of the floating stator 4 for a first portion of the shaft seal assembly 25.
  • Particular focus is drawn to the offset of the axial faces 17 and 18 at the spherical interface 11 between labyrinth seal 3 and floating stator 4.
  • Figure 5B illustrates seal-shaft integrity for a second surface, opposite the first surface shown in Figure 5 A, during angular and radial shaft misalignment.
  • This view highlights that during misalignment of shaft 1, axial faces 17 and 18, of the labyrinth seal 3 and floating stator 4, respectively, are not aligned but instead move (articulate) in relation to each other.
  • the shaft to seal clearance 6 is maintained in response to the shaft misalignment and the overall seal integrity is not compromised because the seal integrity of the floating stator 4 to fixed stator 2 and the floating stator 4 to labyrinth seal 3 are maintained during shaft misalignment.
  • the shaft 1 and shaft seal assembly 25 are of a circular shape and nature, the surfaces are shown 360 degrees around shaft 1.
  • Figure 5A and 5B also illustrate the first clearance or gap 20 between the floating stator 4 and the fixed stator 2 and the second clearance or gap 21 between the floating stator 4 and fixed stator 2 and opposite the first clearance or gap 20.
  • FIG 6 is a sectional view of a second embodiment of the shaft seal assembly 25 as shown in figure 2 for over-pressurization with alternative labyrinth seal pattern grooves 14.
  • the labyrinth seal pattern grooves 14 are composed of a friction reducing substance such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) that forms a close clearance to the shaft 1.
  • PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
  • Teflon® which is manufactured and marketed by Dupont.
  • PTFE is a plastic with high chemical resistance, low and high temperature capability, resistance to weathering, low friction, electrical and thermal insulation, and "slipperiness.”
  • the "slipperiness" of the material may also be defined as lubricous or adding a lubricous type quality to the material.
  • Carbon or other materials may be substituted for PTFE to provide the necessary sealing qualities and lubricous qualities for labyrinth seal pattern grooves 14.
  • Pressurized sealing fluids are supplied to over-pressurize the lubricious labyrinth pattern 26 as shown in Figure 6.
  • the pressurized sealing fluids make their way into the annular groove 23 of the throttle 26 through one or more inlets.
  • Throttle 26 is also referred to as "an alignment skate" by those practiced in the arts.
  • Throttle 26 allows the labyrinth seal 3 to respond to movement of the shaft caused by the misalignment of the shaft 1.
  • the pressurized sealing fluid escapes past the close clearance formed between the shaft 1 and labyrinth seal 3 having throttle 26.
  • the close proximity of the throttle 26 to the shaft 1 also creates resistance to the sealing fluid flow over the shaft 1 and causes pressure to build-up inside the annular groove 23.
  • Floating annular groove 27 in cooperation and connection with annular groove 23 also provides an outlet for excess sealing fluid to be "bled" out of shaft seal assembly 25 for pressure equalization or to maintain a continuous fluid purge on the shaft sealing assembly 25 during operation.
  • An advantage afforded by this aspect of the shaft sealing assembly 25 is its application wherein "clean-in place” product seal decontamination procedures are preferred or required. Examples would include food grade applications.
  • Figure 7 illustrates shaft seal assembly 25 with the anti-rotation pin 12 removed to improve visualization of the inlets. These would typically exist, but are not limited to, a series of ports, inlets or passages about the circumference of the shaft seal assembly 25.
  • Figure 7 also shows the shape and pattern of the labyrinth seal 3 may be varied.
  • the shape of throttles 26 may also be varied as shown by the square profile shown at throttle groove 22 in addition to the circular-type 26.
  • the shaft seal assembly 25 be used in combination with a separate sleeve 24 that would be attached by varied means to the shaft 1.
  • FIG 8 shows that another embodiment of the present disclosure wherein the shaft seal assembly 25 has been affixed to a vessel wall 34.
  • the shaft seal assembly 25 may be affixed to vessel wall 34 through securement means such as mounting bolts 33 to ensure improved sealing wherein shaft 1 is subjected to angular misalignment.
  • the mounting bolts 33 and slots (not numbered) through the shaft seal assembly 25 exterior are one means of mounting the shaft seal assembly 25, as recited in the claims.
  • Main body 211 Main body 211
  • O-ring channel 302 O-ring 303
  • FIG. 9 shows another embodiment of a bearing isolator 18 mounted on a shaft 10.
  • the shaft 10 extends through the bearing isolator 18 and the housing 19.
  • a source of gas or fluid, 100 which may include water or lubricant, may also be in communication with the bearing isolator 18 via conduit 99.
  • the rotor 20 is affixed to the shaft 10 by means by a frictional seal 60, which may be configured as one or more o-rings.
  • the rotor 20 follows the rotational movement of the shaft 10 because of the frictional engagement of the seals 60.
  • the passages 40 and 40a are as shown but will not be described in detail here because such description is already understood by those skilled in the art.
  • a pair of corresponding spherical surfaces 50 and 51 may be used to create a self-aligning radial clearance 52 between the rotor 20 and the stator 30 prior to, during, and after use. This clearance 52 may be maintained at a constant value even as the shaft 10 becomes misaligned during use.
  • Various amounts and direction of misalignment between the centerline of the shaft 10 and the housing 19 are illustrated in FIGS. 11-13.
  • An annular recess 102 between the stator 30 and fixed stator 31 allows the bearing isolator 18 to accommodate a predetermined amount of radial shaft displacement.
  • the spherical surfaces 50, 51 have a center point identical from the axial faces of both the rotor and stator 20, 30, respectively. However, the spherical surfaces 50, 51 may be radially, and/or as shown, vertically spaced apart. These spherical surfaces 50, 51 may move radially in response to and/or in connection with and/or in concert with the radially positioning of other components of the bearing isolator 18.
  • the rotor 20 will consequently become misaligned with respect thereto, and then the spherical surfaces 50, 51 and/or the stator 30 moving radially within the annular recess of the fixed stator 31 may compensate for the misalignment.
  • FIGS. 11 and 13 illustrate that in one embodiment of the bearing isolator 18, the rotor 20 may move with respect to the stator 30, 31 as shaft 10 is misaligned with respect to housing 19 through the interaction between spherical surfaces 50, 51 so as to ensure the distances between the center points of the rotor 20 and stator 30 and a fixed point on the housing 19 are constant.
  • the spherical surfaces 50, 51 may be positioned on a fixed stator 31 and stator 31a rather than on the rotor 20 and stator 30. Still referring to FIGS. 10 & 11, this design allows the rotor 20 and stator 31a to move with respect to the fixed stator 31, flange unit 61a, and housing 19. The rotor 20, stator 31a, and fixed stator 31 may move radially with respect to the flange unit 61a (and consequently with respect to the housing 19) as best shown in FIG. 11. In this embodiment of the bearing isolator 18 there is a very minimal amount of relative rotation between the spherical surfaces 50, 51.
  • the embodiment of the bearing isolator 18 shown in FIGS. 10 & 11 may provide for controlled radial movement of the fixed stator 31, stator 31a, and rotor 20 with respect to flange unit 61a, which flange unit 61a may be securely mounted to a housing 19. Rotational movement of the fixed stator 30 with respect to the flange unit 61a may be prevented by anti-rotational pins 101.
  • the fixed stator 31 may be frictionally secured to the flange unit 61a using a frictional seal 61, which may be made of any material with sufficient elasticity and frictional characteristics to hold the fixed stator 31 in a fixed radial position with respect to the flange unit 61a but still be responsive to the radial forces when the shaft 10 is misaligned.
  • Changes to the radial position of the fixed stator 31, stator 31a, and rotor 20 and the resulting positions thereof occurs until the radial force is fully accommodated or unit the maximum radial displacement of the bearing isolator 18 is reached.
  • FIG. 3 shows the resultant radial movement of center point 80 as the shaft 10 is misaligned.
  • the shaft 10 is typically horizontal with respect to the orientation shown in FIG. 3, as represented by line A.
  • the center point 80 may move to a point along line A".
  • the center point 80 may move to a point along line A'.
  • the radial positions of the rotor 20, stator 30, and/or fixed stator 31 may be constant and the spherical surfaces 50, 51 may compensate for the shaft misalignment. From the preceding description it will be apparent that the bearing isolator 18 provides a constant seal around the shaft 10 because the distance between the spherical surfaces 50, 51 is maintained as a constant regardless of shaft 10 misalignment of a normal or design nature.
  • the physical dimensions of the spherical surfaces 50 and 51 may vary in linear value and in distance from the center point 80, depending on the specific application of the bearing isolator. These variations will be utilized to accommodate different sizes of shafts and seals and different amounts of misalignment.
  • FIGS. 14 & 14 A Another embodiment of a shaft seal assembly 200 is shown in FIGS. 14 & 14 A. This
  • the shaft seal assembly 200 may include a fixed stator 210, floating stator 220, and a rotor 230, as shown.
  • the rotor 230 typically rotates with the shaft 10 while the fixed stator 210 and stator 220 do not. Accordingly, a rotational interface may exist between a concave surface 228 of the floating stator 220 and a convex surface 238 of the rotor 230.
  • a rotational interface may exist between a concave surface 228 of the floating stator 220 and a convex surface 238 of the rotor 230.
  • the floating stator 220 may be configured with a convex surface that corresponds to a concave surface of the fixed stator.
  • the rotational interface may be located at a position other than the interface between the concave and convex surfaces.
  • the embodiment of the shaft seal assembly 200 shown in FIGS. 14 & 14A includes a fixed stator 210 that may be securely mounted to a housing (not shown in FIGS. 14 & 14 A) my any suitable methods and/or structure.
  • the fixed stator 210 may include a main body 211 and a face plate 212 that may be secured to one another. It is contemplated that a fixed stator 210 formed with a main body 211 and face plate 212 may facilitate ease of installation of the shaft seal assembly 200 in certain applications. In such applications, the main body 211 may be affixed to the housing, the rotor 230 and floating stator 220 may be positioned appropriately, and then the face plate 212 may be secured to the main body 211.
  • the fixed stator 210 may be formed with an annular recess 216 into which a portion of the floating stator 220 and/or rotor 230 may be positioned.
  • a predetermined clearance between the radial exterior surface 222 of the floating stator 220 and the interior surface of the annular recess 216 may be selected to allow for relative radial movement between the fixed stator 210 and floating stator 220.
  • At least one pin 224 may be affixed to the floating stator 220, and a portion of the pin 224 may extend into a pin recess 212a formed in the face plate 212 so as to prevent the floating stator 220 from rotating with the rotor 230.
  • the axial interfaces between the floating stator 220 and fixed stator 210 may be sealed with sealing members 218, which sealing members may be configured as o-rings.
  • the floating stator 220 may also be formed with a concave surface 228 in a radial interior portion thereof. This concave surface 228 may form a semi-spherical interface with a
  • the shaft seal assembly 200 shown in FIGS. 14 & 14A accommodates shaft 10 misalignment and radial movement in an identical and/or similar manner to that previously described for the bearing isolators 18.
  • the shaft seal assembly 200 may be configured to accommodate for axial movement of the shaft 10. In the pictured embodiment this is accomplished by forming at least one roller cavity 232 in the rotor 230 adjacent the shaft 10.
  • the illustrative embodiment includes two roller cavities 232 bound by a cavity wall 233 on either end thereof. At least one roller 234 may be positioned in each roller cavity 232. Axial movement of the shaft 10 may be accommodated by a roller 234 rolling along the surface of the shaft 10 and within the roller cavity 232.
  • the illustrative embodiment includes two roller cavities 232 with one roller 234 in each roller cavity 232, but the shaft seal assembly 200 is in no way limited by the number of roller cavities 232 and/or rollers 234 associated therewith.
  • the roller(s) 234 may be constructed of any suitable material for the specific application of the shaft seal assembly 200. It is contemplated that an elastomeric material (e.g., rubber, silicon rubber, other polymers) will be especially suitable for many applications.
  • the illustrative embodiment of the shaft seal assembly 200 also includes various fluid conduits for applying a sealing fluid to the shaft seal assembly 200.
  • the fixed stator 210 is formed with an inlet 214 for introduction of a sealing fluid to the shaft seal assembly 200.
  • the inlet 214 may be in fluid communication with one or more first radial passages 226 in the floating stator 220, which first radial passages 226 may in turn be in fluid communication with one or more second radial passages 236 in the rotor 230.
  • the roller(s) 234, roller cavity(ies) 232, and cavity wall(s) 233 may be configured so that the sealing fluid introduced to the inlet 214 exits the shaft seal assembly 200 from an area between the rotor 230 and shaft 10 at a predetermined rate for a given set of operation parameters (e.g., sealing fluid viscosity and pressure, shaft 10 rpm, etc.).
  • the illustrative embodiment of the shaft seal assembly 200 may be formed with eight first radial passages 226 formed in the floating stator 220, which correspond to eight second radial passages 236 formed in the rotor 230, and the first radial passages 226 and second radial passages 236 may be evenly spaced about the circumference of the shaft seal assembly 200.
  • different numbers, spacing, and/or configurations of the first radial passages 226 and/or second radial passages 236 may be used without departing from the spirit and scope of the shaft seal assembly 200 as disclosed and claimed herein.
  • the rotor 20 will include at least one roller cavity adjacent the shaft 10 with at least one roller positioned therein rather than a factional seal 60.
  • the roller(s) may be configured to rotatively couple the rotor 20 with the shaft 10.
  • the rotor cavity and/or roller may be also be configured to allow the shaft 10 to move axially with respect to the shaft sealing assembly 200.
  • Figure 15 provides a perspective view of a first embodiment a multi-shaft seal assembly 202. It is contemplated that a multi-shaft seal assembly 202 may be especially useful in applications wherein two shafts 10 are positioned in relative close proximity to one another, as shown for the illustrative embodiment pictured herein. The shafts 10 pictured herein are also oriented such that the longitudinal axes thereof are parallel with respect to one another. However, the multi-shaft seal assembly 202 is not so limited, and other embodiments thereof exist for use with shafts 10 that are oriented differently than those pictured herein.
  • the illustrative embodiment of the multi-shaft seal assembly 202 includes a first seal 240.
  • a sealing portion of the first seal 240 surrounds one shaft 10 and may be configured to operate in a manner substantially similar to other bearing isolators 18 and/or shaft seal assemblies 25, 200 disclosed herein or otherwise.
  • a sealing portion of a second seal 250 surrounds the other shaft 10 and also may be configured to operate in a manner substantially similar to other bearing isolators 18 and/or shaft seal assemblies 25, 200 disclosed herein or otherwise.
  • FIG. 17 provides an axial, cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of the multi-shaft seal assembly 202, wherein both the first and second seals 240, 250 are configured to operate in a manner substantially similar to the bearing isolator 18 shown in FIGS.
  • first or second seal 240, 250 may be differently configured.
  • the first and second seals 240, 250 may be configured like the embodiment of a shaft seal assembly 200 shown in FIGS. 14 & 14 A.
  • the first seal 240 and second seal 250 may be configured differently from one another.
  • the first seal 240 may be configured to operate in a manner substantially similar to the bearing isolator 18 shown in FIGS. 9-13 and the second seal 250 may be configured to operate in a manner substantially similar to the shaft seal assembly 200 shown in FIGS. 14 & 14 A. Accordingly, the specific internal configuration of either the first or second seal 240, 250 in no way limits the scope of the multi-shaft seal assembly 202 as disclosed herein.
  • each seal 240, 250 may be configured to include a fixed stator 210, floating stator 220, face plate 212, and a rotor 220, all of which are shown in FIG. 17 as being configured to operate in a manner substantially similar to the embodiment of a bearing isolator 18 as shown in FIGS. 9-13, as previously mentioned.
  • the rotor 230 may be secured to a shaft 10 such that the rotor 230 is coupled thereto and rotates therewith in any suitable manner (several of which are described above for other embodiments of a bearing isolator 18 and/or shaft seal assemblies 25, 200).
  • the fixed stator 210 may be secured to a housing 19 in any suitable manner (several of which are described above for other embodiments of a bearing isolator 18 and/or shaft seal assemblies 25, 200 and which include but are not limited to mechanical fasteners 204, chemical adhesives, welding, interference fit, and/or combinations thereof).
  • suitable manner includes fasteners 204 as shown in FIGS. 15, 16, & 18 and corresponding apertures 206.
  • the floating stator 220 may be positioned within a portion of an annular recess 216 formed in the fixed stator 10, wherein the exterior axial boundary of the annular recess 216 may be defined by the interior surface of a face plate 212, which may be engaged with the fixed stator 210 as previously described for other embodiments of the bearing isolator 18 and shaft seal assemblies 25, 200.
  • the fixed stator 210, floating stator 220, rotor 230, and/or face plate 212 may cooperate to form a labyrinth seal.
  • the fixed stator 210, floating stator 220, and/or the rotor 230 may be constructed in a two-piece manner.
  • the fixed stator 210 may be configured to engage a face plate 212 via a plurality of fasteners 204, which may be distinct from the fasteners 204 used to engage the fixed stator 210 with the housing 19.
  • Other methods and/or structures for engaging the face plate 212 with the fixed stator 210 may be used without limitation.
  • an interface between two portions of the rotor 230, two portions of the fixed stator 210, the fixed stator 210 and the floating stator 220, the rotor 230 and the floating stator 220, and/or the rotor 230 and fixed stator 210 may be semi-spherical, as shown for the interface between the rotor 230 and floating stator 220 for the embodiment pictured in FIG. 17.
  • the seals 240, 250 may be formed with an inlet 214 therein, as previously described for the other embodiments of a bearing isolator 18 and shaft seal assemblies 25, 200 disclosed herein to provide a sealing fluid to various passages within the multi-shaft seal assembly 202.
  • the illustrative embodiment of a multi-shaft seal assembly 202 employs a configuration in which the first and second seals 240, 250 are configured in a stacked arrangement (see FIGS. 16 & 17). That is, the first seal 240 may reside in a different radially oriented plane than that in which the second seal 250 resides. In the illustrative embodiment, the planes are parallel with respect to one another. However, in other embodiments of the multi-shaft seal assembly 202 not pictured herein, the planes may have other orientations, which orientations may be dependent at least in part on the orientation of the shafts 10 and/or housing 19.
  • a collar 241 may be secured to the housing 19 and/or the first seal 240 to provide the proper axial spacing for the stacking arrangement of the first and second seals 240, 250.
  • the collar 241 may be formed separately from either the first seal 240 or the housing 19, and later secured to the first seal 240 and/or housing 19.
  • FIG. 15B which provides a rear side perspective view of the illustrative embodiment of a multi- shaft seal assembly 202, the collar 241 may be formed with a collar cutaway 242 therein to accommodate a portion of the second seal 250. As shown, the collar cutaway 242 may be configured with an angled portion to interface with the exterior surface of the first seal 240.
  • the surface prominently shown in FIG. 15B is adjacent a housing 19 during use of the multi-shaft seal assembly 202. Accordingly, the surface of the collar 241 and/or first seal 240 adjacent the housing 19 may be formed with an o-ring channel therein to accommodate an o-ring. An o-ring so positioned may serve to prevent air and/or other fluid from egress/ingress between the collar 241 and housing 19 and/or between the first seal 240 and housing 19.
  • the specific shape, dimensions, and/or configuration of the collar cutaway 242 will vary from one embodiment of the twin-shaft seal assembly 202 to the next, and may be at least dependent upon the spacing of the shafts 10 and/or configuration of the first and second seals 240, 250, and is therefore in no way limiting to the scope of the multi-shaft seal assembly 202.
  • the collar 241 may be secured to the housing 19 via one or more fasteners 204 and corresponding apertures 206.
  • the collar 241 may be integrally formed with a portion of the first seal 240.
  • the collar 241 may be integrally formed with the housing 19. In another embodiment of a multi-shaft seal assembly 202 not pictured herein the collar 241 may be integrally formed with the second seal 250. Accordingly, the multi-shaft seal assembly 202 is not limited by the specific configuration of the first collar 241 with respect to the housing 19, first seal 240, and/or second seal 250.
  • the collar 241 may serve as an axial spacer between the equipment housing and the second seal 250 as clearly shown in FIGS. 16 & 17.
  • the axial dimension of the collar 241 is approximately equal to that of the first and second seals 240, 250.
  • the collar 240 may be formed with a collar lip 241a into which a portion of the second seal 250 may seat, as shown in FIG. 17. Accordingly, in applications wherein the radial dimension of the first and/or second seal 240, 250 is too great for mounting thereof in the same radial plane due to the spacing of two adjacent shafts 10, the first and second seals 240, 250 may be applied to the shafts 10 in an axially offset configuration.
  • the multi-shaft seal assembly 202 may also include a cutaway 251 formed in a portion of the second seal 250.
  • a cutaway 251 may be required to accommodate certain configurations of adjacent shafts 10 wherein the shafts 10 are in relative close proximity to one another.
  • the configuration of shafts 10 in the illustrative embodiment of the multi-shaft seal assembly 202 are in relatively close proximity to one another such that the second seal 250 must be formed with a cutaway 251 to accommodate adequate clearance with the shaft 10 corresponding to the first seal 240.
  • the multi-shaft seal assembly 202 may not require a cutaway 251.
  • the multi-shaft seal assembly 202 is in no way limited the presence, absence, and/or configuration of a cutaway 251.
  • a cutaway 251 may reduce the radial dimension of the fixed stator 210 and/or face plate 212, as shown in FIG. 17.
  • the cutaway 251 may alternatively or additional reduce the radial dimension of the floating stator 220 and/or rotor 230.
  • a multi-shaft seal assembly 202 is configured to accommodate two shafts 10, other embodiments not pictured herein are configured to
  • the multi-shaft seal assembly 202 is not limited by the number of shafts 10 and/or seals 240, 250 associated therewith.
  • FIG. 18A Another embodiment of a shaft seal assembly 200 is shown in perspective view in FIG. 18 A.
  • the illustrative embodiment shown in FIG. 18A includes both a stator 310 and a rotor 320, which may rotate with respect to one another.
  • the stator 310 may engage a housing 19 and surround a shaft 10 that is rotatable with respect to and extends from the housing 19.
  • an o-ring 303 positioned in an o-ring channel 302 formed in the stator 310 may be used to properly engage the stator 310 with the housing 19.
  • any other suitable method and/or structure for adequately engaging the stator 310 with the housing 19 may be used with the shaft seal assembly 300 without departing from the spirit and scope as disclosed herein.
  • the rotor 320 may also surround the shaft 10, and it may also be engaged with the shaft 10 so as to rotate therewith.
  • an o-ring 303 positioned in an o-ring channel 302 formed in the rotor 320 may be used to properly engage the rotor 320 with the shaft 10.
  • any other suitable method and/or structure for adequately engaging the rotor 320 with the shaft 10 may be used with the shaft seal assembly 300 without departing from the spirit and scope as disclosed herein. It is contemplated that this embodiment may be especially suited for applications in which the shaft 10 and/or housing 19 is oriented in a generally vertical arrangement and extends upward with respect to the housing 19, but the application of the shaft seal assembly 300 in no way limits the scope thereof.
  • any embodiments of a shaft seal assembly 25, 200, 202 may be configured with advantageous features disclosed herein related to the embodiment of a shaft seal assembly 300 shown in FIGS. 18A-18D without limitation alone or in combination.
  • the stator 310 may be formed with a stator body 311 having one or more axial projections 314 and/or radial projections 315 extending therefrom. Additionally, an axial projection 314 may extend from a radial projection 315 or vice versa.
  • the embodiment of a shaft seal assembly 300 from FIG. 18A is shown in FIG. 18C with the stator 310 and rotor 320 separated from one another.
  • a shoulder 312 may be formed in the stator body 311 to provide an interface with a housing 19.
  • An o-ring channel 302 may be formed in the shoulder 312 to accommodate an o-ring 303 to facilitate proper engagement of the stator 310 and housing 19, as previously described above.
  • Another o-ring channel 302 may be formed on the interior surface of the stator body 311 adjacent the shaft 10.
  • a slip ring 305 may be positioned in this o-ring channel 302 to mitigate egress of lubricant from the housing 19 and ingress of contaminants to the housing 19 via the space between the shaft 10 and stator 310.
  • the slip ring 305 may be constructed of a low-friction synthetic material, such as PTFE.
  • the stator body 311 may also be formed with one or more radial bores 313 to facilitate an optional sealing fluid (e.g., air, water, etc.) to further mitigate the egress and/or ingress described above.
  • the rotor 320 may be formed with a rotor body 321 having one or more rotor axial projections 324 and/or rotor radial projections 325 extending therefrom. Additionally, a rotor axial projection 324 may extend from a rotor radial projection 325 or vice versa.
  • a unitizing ring 304 may reside partially within a unitizing ring channel 318 formed in the stator 310 and partially within a rotor unitizing ring channel 328 and function to allow only a predetermined amount of relative axial motion between the stator 310 and rotor 320. From a comparison of FIGS.
  • the various axial projections 314, radial projections 315, axial channels 316, and/or radial channels 317 formed in the stator 310 may cooperate with various rotor axial projections 324, rotor radial projections 325, rotor axial channels 326, and/or rotor radial channels 327 to create a labyrinth seal having a laborious and/or circuitous path of one or more axial channels 316 and/or one or more radial channels 317 for egress of lubricants from the housing 19 and/or ingress of contaminants to the housing 19.
  • the axial projections 314, radial projections 315, axial channels 316, and/or radial channels 317 formed in the stator 310 may cooperate with various rotor axial projections 324, rotor radial projections 325, rotor axial channels 326, and/or rotor radial channels 327 may be configured to form a first cooperating cavity 306a, a second cooperating cavity 306b, and an axial passage 307 for the first potential ingress point for contaminants.
  • a radial passage 308 may fluidly connect the axial passage 307 at the top of the first cooperating cavity 306a to a second cooperating cavity 306b.
  • three sides of the second cooperating cavity 306b may be formed via the rotor 320, which generally rotates with the shaft 10 during use. Accordingly, contaminants reaching the second cooperating chamber 306b may be flung radially outward due to centrifugal force imparted to the
  • radial passage 308 may be in fluid communication with the axial passage 307 adjacent the distal end of an axial projection 314 formed in the stator 310, the path through which radial passage 308 may be interrupted by a unitizing ring 304 occupying a portion of a unitizing ring channel 318 formed in the stator 310 and a portion of a rotor unitizing ring channel 328. Should contaminants traverse this radial passage 308, those contaminants must also traverse an axial passage 307 in fluid communication with that radial passage 308 before contacting the shaft 10.
  • a slip ring 305 that, in the illustrative embodiment of a shaft seal assembly 300, may be positioned in an o-ring channel 302 in the stator 310 adjacent the shaft 10.
  • the various transitions between axial passages 307 and radial passages 308 may be configured as right angles. Additionally, all axial passages 307 may be parallel with one another and perpendicular to all radial passages 308. However, in other embodiments the axial passages 307 and/or radial passages 308 may have different orientations without limitation. For example, in an embodiment not pictured herein, an axial passage 307 may be angled at 45 degrees with respect to the rotational axis of the shaft 10.
  • shaft seal assemblies 25, 200, 202, 300 and various elements thereof will vary depending on the specific application, but it is contemplated that bronze, brass, stainless steel, or other non-sparking metals and/or metallic alloys and/or combinations thereof will be especially useful for some applications. Accordingly, the above-referenced elements may be constructed of any material known to those skilled in the art or later developed, which material is appropriate for the specific application of the shaft seal assembly, without departing from the spirit and scope of the shaft seal assemblies 25, 200, 202, 300 as disclosed and claimed herein.
  • shaft seal assemblies 25, 200, 202, 300 are not limited to the specific embodiments pictured and described herein, but are intended to apply to all similar apparatuses and methods for accommodating shaft(s) misalignment with respect to a housing, whether the misalignment is angular, radial, and/or axial. Modifications and alterations from the described embodiments will occur to those skilled in the art without departure from the spirit and scope of the shaft seal assemblies 25, 200, 202, 300.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Sealing Using Fluids, Sealing Without Contact, And Removal Of Oil (AREA)

Abstract

Un mode de réalisation illustratif de la présente invention concerne un ensemble joints d'arbres multiples comprenant généralement un premier joint, un deuxième joint et un collet. Dans ce mode de réalisation, le collet peut être formé solidaire d'une partie du premier joint et peut servir à éloigner axialement le deuxième joint du premier. Le deuxième joint peut comporter une découpe pour assurer un jeu approprié entre ce deuxième joint et un des arbres. D'autres modes de réalisation de l'ensemble joints d'arbres multiples selon l'invention mettent en oeuvre un collet formé avec le logement d'équipement ou le deuxième joint. D'autres modes de réalisation encore comprennent des joints supplémentaires pour des arbres supplémentaires.
PCT/US2013/045824 2012-06-14 2013-06-14 Ensemble joints d'arbres WO2014007971A1 (fr)

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US201261659714P 2012-06-14 2012-06-14
US61/659,714 2012-06-14
US201261661936P 2012-06-20 2012-06-20
US61/661,936 2012-06-20

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Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2022045940A1 (fr) * 2020-08-24 2022-03-03 Valmet Ab Joint d'étanchéité pour rendre étanche un arbre d'entraînement d'une lessiveuse de pâte

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016167745A1 (fr) 2015-04-14 2016-10-20 Hewlett Packard Enterprise Development Lp Connecteur de fluide magnétique
US10927961B2 (en) 2015-04-21 2021-02-23 Inpro/Seal Llc Shaft seal assembly

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US4575102A (en) * 1984-11-20 1986-03-11 Ferrofluidics Corporation Coaxial, multiple-shaft ferrofluid seal apparatus
WO1998005890A1 (fr) * 1996-08-05 1998-02-12 A.W. Chesterton Co. Ensemble joint d'etancheite/surface de roulement
US6390477B1 (en) * 1999-10-14 2002-05-21 Garlock Inc Rotary shaft bearing isolator seal
US20070241514A1 (en) * 2002-06-21 2007-10-18 Orlowski David C Shaft seal assembly
EP1967774A1 (fr) * 2007-03-05 2008-09-10 Chugai High Technology Co., Ltd. Ensemble multi-arbres coaxial

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4575102A (en) * 1984-11-20 1986-03-11 Ferrofluidics Corporation Coaxial, multiple-shaft ferrofluid seal apparatus
WO1998005890A1 (fr) * 1996-08-05 1998-02-12 A.W. Chesterton Co. Ensemble joint d'etancheite/surface de roulement
US6390477B1 (en) * 1999-10-14 2002-05-21 Garlock Inc Rotary shaft bearing isolator seal
US20070241514A1 (en) * 2002-06-21 2007-10-18 Orlowski David C Shaft seal assembly
EP1967774A1 (fr) * 2007-03-05 2008-09-10 Chugai High Technology Co., Ltd. Ensemble multi-arbres coaxial

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2022045940A1 (fr) * 2020-08-24 2022-03-03 Valmet Ab Joint d'étanchéité pour rendre étanche un arbre d'entraînement d'une lessiveuse de pâte
US11761537B2 (en) 2020-08-24 2023-09-19 Valmet Ab Gasket for sealing a drive shaft of a pulp washer

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