WO2014005550A1 - 一种风电场低电压穿越能力仿真验证方法 - Google Patents

一种风电场低电压穿越能力仿真验证方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014005550A1
WO2014005550A1 PCT/CN2013/078903 CN2013078903W WO2014005550A1 WO 2014005550 A1 WO2014005550 A1 WO 2014005550A1 CN 2013078903 W CN2013078903 W CN 2013078903W WO 2014005550 A1 WO2014005550 A1 WO 2014005550A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wind farm
wind
capability
low voltage
power
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2013/078903
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
迟永宁
王真
李琰
李庆
魏林君
张梅
汤海雁
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China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI
CLP Puri Zhangbei Wind Power Research and Test Ltd
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Original Assignee
China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI
CLP Puri Zhangbei Wind Power Research and Test Ltd
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
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Application filed by China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI, CLP Puri Zhangbei Wind Power Research and Test Ltd, State Grid Corp of China SGCC filed Critical China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI
Publication of WO2014005550A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014005550A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/028Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor controlling wind motor output power
    • F03D7/0284Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor controlling wind motor output power in relation to the state of the electric grid
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/04Automatic control; Regulation
    • F03D7/042Automatic control; Regulation by means of an electrical or electronic controller
    • F03D7/043Automatic control; Regulation by means of an electrical or electronic controller characterised by the type of control logic
    • F03D7/046Automatic control; Regulation by means of an electrical or electronic controller characterised by the type of control logic with learning or adaptive control, e.g. self-tuning, fuzzy logic or neural network
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/04Automatic control; Regulation
    • F03D7/042Automatic control; Regulation by means of an electrical or electronic controller
    • F03D7/048Automatic control; Regulation by means of an electrical or electronic controller controlling wind farms
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/20Design optimisation, verification or simulation
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/30Circuit design
    • G06F30/36Circuit design at the analogue level
    • G06F30/367Design verification, e.g. using simulation, simulation program with integrated circuit emphasis [SPICE], direct methods or relaxation methods
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00Function
    • F05B2260/84Modelling or simulation
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2113/00Details relating to the application field
    • G06F2113/06Wind turbines or wind farms
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of power system simulation and verification, and particularly relates to a simulation verification method for low voltage ride through capability of a wind farm. Background technique
  • the present invention provides a simulation verification method for low voltage ride through capability of a wind farm, which is positive for determining whether a wind farm meets grid connection requirements, avoiding large-scale wind power off-network accidents, and ensuring safe and stable operation of the power grid.
  • the significance has laid the foundation for the establishment and improvement of China's wind power grid integration system.
  • a method for verifying a low voltage ride through capability of a wind farm comprising the following steps: Step 1: Analyze the operating characteristics of the wind turbine;
  • Step 2 Establish an electric simulation model of the wind farm to verify whether the wind farm has low voltage ride through capability
  • Step 3 Establish a regional power system simulation model including the wind farm electrical simulation model, and verify the impact of the wind farm integration on the safe and stable operation of the power system.
  • the step 1 includes the following steps:
  • Step 1-1 collecting electrical parameters of the wind turbine
  • Step 1-2 Analyze the operating characteristics of the wind turbine based on the verified wind turbine electrical simulation model.
  • the wind turbine electrical parameters include basic information of the wind turbine, generator parameters, converter parameters, main control system parameters, and other electrical parameters.
  • the basic information of the wind turbine includes a wind turbine model, a rated power, a rated apparent power, a rated current, a rated voltage, a hub height, and a rated wind speed;
  • the generator parameters include a generator model, a rated power, a rated apparent power, Voltage, frequency and open-circuit voltage of the rotor;
  • the converter parameters include grid-side converter rated power, motor-side converter rated power, grid-side converter rated apparent power, motor-side converter rated apparent power , DC side chopper type, DC side chopper model, DC side chopper resistance, DC side chopper resistance, DC side chopper resistance capacity, Crowbar type, Crowbar model, Crowbar resistance, Crowbar resistance and Crowbar capacity;
  • the parameters include the type and control characteristics of the control system; the other electrical parameters include overvoltage protection settings, low voltage protection settings, high frequency protection settings, and low frequency protection settings.
  • the step 2 includes the following steps:
  • Step 2-1 collecting the electrical equipment parameters, electrical topology information, the equivalent impedance and short circuit capacity of the wind power grid, and the relay protection parameters in the wind farm;
  • Step 2-2 Establish an electric simulation model of the wind farm
  • Step 2-3 Analyze the operating characteristics of the wind farm, and verify whether the wind farm has low voltage ride through capability through fault simulation.
  • the production electrical equipment parameters include box transformer parameters, feeder system parameters, main transformer parameters, reactive compensation equipment parameters, and wind farm transmission line parameters.
  • the box transformer parameters include a model of a box transformer, a capacity, a voltage tap, a wiring group, an impedance voltage, a short circuit loss, a no-load loss, and a no-load current; the feeder system parameters include the length and type of each feeder.
  • the wind farm sending line parameters include the line length, model, rated current, positive sequence/negative sequence/zero sequence resistance, reactance and capacitance to ground of the wind farm sending line.
  • the relay protection parameters include the over/undervoltage protection setting of the wind turbine/wind farm, the over/under frequency protection setting and the short circuit protection setting of the wind farm grid/wind turbine.
  • the step 3 includes the following steps:
  • Step 3 1: Establish a regional power system simulation model including the wind farm electrical simulation model;
  • Step 3-2 Analyze the transient stability of the wind farm and the grid operation, and verify the low voltage ride-through capability of the wind farm;
  • Step 3-3 Analyze the impact of the wind farm integration on the safe and stable operation of the power system.
  • GB/T 19963-2011 “Technical Regulations for Wind Farm Access to Power Systems” clearly defines the low voltage ride-through capability of wind farms and has corresponding data indicators.
  • the invention provides a complete and effective method for verifying the low voltage ride through capability of a wind farm, and has positive significance for determining whether the wind farm meets the grid connection requirements, avoiding large-scale wind power off-network accidents and ensuring safe and stable operation of the power grid;
  • the method provided by the invention has important practical value, and can comprehensively evaluate the low voltage crossing capability of the wind farm, and lays a foundation for the establishment and improvement of the wind power grid integration system in China;
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a simulation verification method for a low voltage ride through capability of a wind farm in an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the national standard GB/T 19963-2011 wind farm low voltage ride through requirements
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the low voltage protection setting of the wind turbine to be verified
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a wind turbine operating characteristic verification simulation system
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the transient characteristics of the unit when the fan terminal voltage drops to zero;
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the transient characteristics of the unit when the fan terminal voltage drops below 0.7 pu;
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the transient characteristics of the unit when the fan terminal voltage drops to 0.7 pu;
  • Figure 8 is a wiring diagram of the wind farm to be verified
  • Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the voltage level in the field when the voltage at the grid point of the wind farm drops to zero;
  • Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the active/reactive output of the fan when the voltage at the grid point of the wind farm drops to zero;
  • Figure 11 is a schematic diagram showing the different voltage drop levels of the wind farm's grid-connected points and the corresponding fan terminal voltage
  • Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the active/reactive output of the fan under different voltage drops at the grid-connecting point of the wind farm;
  • Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the wind farm voltage in which the phase-side short-circuit fault occurs on the grid side line and the main protection action;
  • Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the active/reactive power output of the fan in the phase-failure of the grid-side line and the main protection action;
  • Figure 15 shows the grid-side line occurrence Schematic diagram of wind farm voltage with phase short circuit fault and backup protection action;
  • Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the active/reactive output of the fan with phase short-circuit fault and backup protection action on the grid side line.
  • Figure 1 a simulation method for low voltage ride through capability of a wind farm, the method comprising the following steps:
  • Step 1 According to the verified wind turbine electrical simulation model, analyze the operating characteristics of the wind turbine; Step 2: Establish a wind farm electrical simulation model to verify whether the wind farm has low voltage ride through capability;
  • Step 3 Establish a regional power system simulation model including the wind farm electrical simulation model, and verify the impact of the wind farm integration on the safe and stable operation of the power system.
  • Wind farms use different wind turbines and different control systems, and their grid-connected operation will have different impacts on the grid.
  • the impact of the grid-connected operation of the wind farm on the grid and the corresponding technical measures are studied to ensure the wind farm investment. Safe and stable operation after transportation plays an extremely important role.
  • Figure 2 shows the requirements of the national standard GB/T 19963-2011 “Technical Regulations for Wind Farm Access to Power Systems” for low voltage surge penetration capability of wind farms.
  • the wind turbine in the wind farm can guarantee continuous operation for 625 ms without off-grid; the voltage at the grid point of the wind farm can recover to 90% of the nominal voltage within 2 s after falling.
  • Wind turbines in wind farms can guarantee continuous operation without off-grid.
  • the assessment voltage is the line voltage of the wind farm connected to the grid; for the single-phase ground short-circuit fault, the assessment voltage is the phase-to-point phase voltage.
  • the power change rate of at least 10% of rated power/second is restored to the value before the fault.
  • Main parameters of a certain type of fan rated power 2MW, generator power factor is 1.0, protection class IP54, stator (line) voltage 690V, frequency 50Hz, pole number 4, rotor rated speed 16.7 rev/min, speed range 9-19 Rev/min, The wind speed is cut into 4m/s, the wind speed is cut off at 25m/s, and the rated wind speed is 15m/s.
  • a simple network is selected as the simulation system, as shown in Figure 4.
  • the wind turbine is connected to the infinite grid via a box transformer, collector circuit and step-up transformer.
  • the high voltage side of the box is 35kV
  • the high voltage side of the step-up transformer is 220kV
  • the infinite power supply voltage is set to 1.0pu.
  • the transient characteristics of the unit operation are shown in Figure 5.
  • the three-phase short-circuit fault occurred in the system, causing the terminal voltage of the wind turbine to drop from l.Opu to 0.
  • the unit's active/reactive output is zero. Since the wind turbine has low voltage ride-through capability, if the three-phase short-circuit fault is cleared at 0.2s, the wind turbine can keep running in the grid during and after the fault, and the turbine active/reactive output returns to a stable value after a short oscillation. , the terminal voltage returns to a stable level before the fault. However, if the three-phase short-circuit fault exceeds 0.2s, the voltage exceeds the low-voltage protection setting and the fan is disconnected.
  • the transient characteristics of the unit operation are shown in Fig. 6.
  • the three-phase short circuit of the system causes the terminal voltage of the wind turbine to drop from 0.60u to 0.69pu (by adjusting the grounding resistance of the fault point).
  • the active power generated by the wind turbine is rapidly reduced.
  • the three-phase short-circuit fault is cleared at 2.65s, the wind turbine will remain connected to the grid during the fault and after the fault.
  • the active/reactive output of the unit will return to the stable value after a short oscillation, and the voltage of the terminal will return to the stable level before the fault. .
  • the three-phase short-circuit fault clearing time exceeds 2.65s, the voltage exceeds the low-voltage protection setting value, and the fan is disconnected.
  • the three-phase short-circuit fault of the system causes the terminal voltage of the wind turbine to drop from l.Opu to 0.7 pu (by adjusting the grounding resistance of the fault point).
  • the active power generated by the unit is rapidly reduced. If the fault is cleared in lis, the wind turbine can remain connected to the grid during and after the fault.
  • the active/reactive output returns to a stable value after a brief oscillation, and the terminal voltage returns to the stable level before the fault.
  • the three-phase short-circuit fault clearing time exceeds lis, the voltage exceeds the low-voltage protection setting value, and the fan is disconnected.
  • the wind farm simulation model is built in the simulation program DIgSILENT/PowerFactory, and the simulation of the wind farm low power output (0.1 P n P 0.3 P n ) and full power output (1.0P n ) under,
  • Various short-circuit faults occurred in the power grid, and the voltage of the grid point dropped to 90% U n , 75% U n , 50% 1 ⁇ and 20% U n , respectively, and the low voltage ride-through capability of the wind farm was realized, and the wind farm energy was evaluated.
  • the national standard GB/T 19963-2011 "Technical Regulations for Wind Farm Access to Power Systems".
  • Figure 8 shows the wind farm simulation model.
  • the total installed capacity of the wind farm is 249.3MW, and 58 850kW fans and 100 2MW fans are installed.
  • the wind turbine terminal voltage in the wind farm is 690V, and is boosted to 35/33kV by the unit wiring method of "one machine, one change (box type change)", and then connected to the wind farm 220kV after being collected by the 35/33kV field collector line.
  • Boost station A total of 3 main transformers are installed in the booster station.
  • the three collector circuits of IA, IB and IC are connected to 58 850kW fans and connected to the #1 main transformer.
  • the four collector circuits of IID, IIE, IIF and IIG are combined with 50 2MW fans.
  • Access #2 main transformer, ⁇ , 1111, III J, IIIK four collector circuits are connected to 50 2MW fans and then connected to #3 main transformer.
  • the wind farm is connected to the system through a 220kV transmission line with a line length of 19km and a wire type of LGJ-300/40.
  • FIG. 9 and Figure 10 show the variation curve of the wind farm voltage at the time of failure and the active/reactive output curve of some wind turbines in the field.
  • the voltage at the grid connection point of the wind farm drops to 0.
  • the voltage at the terminal of the wind turbine is rapidly falling, but both are above 0.15 pu.
  • the wind farm is in a full state before the short circuit fault occurs, and the reactive power output of the wind turbine is zero.
  • the active output drops to near zero output; due to the control strategy of the unit itself, the faulty wind turbine can emit reactive power.
  • the active output of the wind turbine starts to recover, and can recover to the level before the fault within 3s, and the reactive output quickly returns to zero.
  • all wind turbines in the field can not only keep the grid running for at least 0.2s, but also can generate reactive power during the fault, support the voltage recovery of the wind farm and the grid, and the wind power after the fault.
  • the active output of the unit can be restored to the pre-fault level within 3 seconds.
  • the wind turbine terminal voltage will be above 0.62 pu, and all wind turbines can remain at least 1.22 s during the fault;
  • the wind turbine terminal voltage will be Above 0.8 pu, the wind turbine can maintain grid-connected operation for at least 1.71 s during the fault; when the fault causes the grid-connected point voltage to drop to 0.9 pu, the wind turbine terminal voltage will be above 0.9 pu, and the grid-connected operation can be maintained for at least 2 s.
  • Figure 12 shows the active/reactive power curve of #101 fan (2MW) under different types of short-circuit faults.
  • the short-circuit fault occurs, the greater the voltage drop at the grid-connected point, the greater the drop in the unit's active output. The longer it takes for the active power to return to the pre-fault level after the fault is cleared.
  • the active output of the #101 unit will drop from 2 MW to 0.32 MW, and the time required to return to the full level after the fault is cleared is about 1.5 s; and when the grid point voltage drops to 0.9.
  • pu the active output of the #101 wind turbine is reduced from 2MW to 1.76MW, and the time required to return to full level after the fault is cleared does not exceed 0.5s.
  • the reactive power output of the #101 wind turbine is zero, and the wind turbine will emit a certain reactive power after the short-circuit fault occurs.
  • the reactive power generated by the wind turbine during the fault is about 0.77 Mvar; when the grid-connected point voltage drops to 0.5 pu, the reactive power that the wind turbine can emit is 1.03 Mvar;
  • the reactive power generated by the wind turbine is very small, about 0.07 Mvar.
  • a three-phase short-circuit fault occurs in a line near the wind farm, the main protection action of the 0.12s line, and the fault line is cut off.
  • the transient process of the voltage in the wind farm and the active/reactive output of the unit is shown in Figure 13 and Figure 14.
  • the wind turbine When a three-phase short-circuit fault occurs on a line, the voltage at the grid connection point of the wind farm will drop to 0.22 pu, the wind farm booster station The 35kV bus and the 33kV bus voltage are between 0.30 and 0.50 pu. The voltage and active output of each wind turbine in the wind farm fell sharply, and the terminal voltage dropped to between 0.30 and 0.60 pu, and the active output was close to zero.
  • the wind turbine is switched from active/reactive power control in normal operation to rotor current control, so that the wind turbine can generate reactive power.
  • the reactive power of the 850kW wind turbine is between 0.30 ⁇ 0.50Mvar, 2MW.
  • the reactive power generated by the wind turbine is between 0.8 and 1.0 Mvar.
  • the 0.12s main protection action cuts off the faulty line, and the wind farm booster station voltage and the unit's terminal voltage are quickly restored.
  • the active output of the wind turbine can be restored to the pre-fault level within 2.5s.
  • the active recovery capability meets the standard "The active power should be restored to the value before the fault with a power change rate of at least 10% of rated power/second". Claim. After the fault is cleared, the wind turbine is switched from rotor current control to active/reactive power control, and the reactive output is reduced to zero.
  • the grid and wind farm voltages will quickly return to a stable level; the system frequency and the normal unit speed will return to a stable value after a brief oscillation.
  • the 0.12s main protection fails to operate correctly, and the 0.62s backup protection action cuts the fault line.
  • the drop level and duration of the wind turbine's terminal voltage are within the allowable range of the unit's low-voltage protection.
  • the low-voltage protection of the wind turbine does not operate during the fault.
  • the duration of the short-circuit fault reaches 0.62 s, the unit that is causing the nearby thermal power plant will oscillate greatly, resulting in a large fluctuation of the frequency of the nearby power grid.
  • the amplitude and duration of the frequency exceed the set value of the high-frequency protection of the wind turbine (51 Hz, 0.2s), the unit is disconnected due to high-frequency protection action; when a three-phase short-circuit fault occurs, the bus voltage of the wind farm booster station, the wind turbine generator terminal voltage and the active output are greatly reduced, and the wind turbine generates reactive power in the fault. , to provide reactive support for the system, as shown in Figure 15, Figure 16. After the backup protection action cuts the fault line, the voltage of the wind farm booster station recovers quickly.
  • the system can maintain transient stability, but the voltage of the wind farm's grid-connected point and the grid slightly fluctuates after the fault is cleared.
  • the wind turbine When the wind farm grid point voltage is below the voltage contour specified by the grid connection guide, the wind turbine can maintain grid-connected operation for at least 0.2s, and reactive power can be generated during the fault period to support the voltage recovery of the wind farm and the power grid. .
  • a short circuit fault occurs in some transmission lines or busbars near the wind farm access point, and the main protection fails to operate correctly.
  • the wind farm may be caused by overfrequency protection or high voltage protection action. The whole wind turbine is partially or partially disconnected.

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Abstract

本发明提供一种风电场低电压穿越能力仿真验证方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:根据验证过的风电机组电气仿真模型,分析所述风电机组的运行特性;建立风电场电气仿真模型,验证风电场是否具备低电压穿越能力;建立包括所述风电场电气仿真模型的区域电力系统仿真模型,校验风电场并网对电力系统安全稳定运行的影响。本发明提供了一种完整有效的验证风电场低电压穿越能力的方法,对于判定风电场是否满足并网要求,避免大规模风电脱网事故和保证电网安全稳定运行具有积极的意义,为我国风电并网认证体系的建立和完善奠定了基础。

Description

一种风电场低电压穿越能力仿真验证方法 技术领域
本发明属于电力系统仿真与验证领域, 具体涉及一种风电场低电压穿越能力仿真验证方 法。 背景技术
近年来, 在政策利好、 技术进步的形势下, 我国风电快速发展, 其运行技术、 调度管理、 标准体系等水平均达到世界先进水平。 目前, "三北 "地区多个省区电网的风电跃居区域电网 内第二大装机电源,风电的安全运行成为保证大电网安全运行的重要因素。 2011年大风期间, 部分网省风电运行安全问题集中爆发, "三北 "地区多次发生大规模风机脱网事故, 对电网安 全稳定运行产生严重影响。 对电网安全稳定运行影响最大的一次脱网事故损失出力达 154万 千瓦, 电网频率最低降低至 49.765Hz, 越限 5秒, 330kV母线电压最低降至 230.6kV, 为额 定电压的 69.88%。经过多次事故调查分析发现, 风电场运行中存在风机有功 /无功不可控、不 具备低 /高电压穿越能力、 动态无功支撑能力缺乏、 无功设备响应速度不达标等安全隐患。 在 2011年数次事故中, 风机因低电压脱网占 58%, 因高电压脱网占 27%。
为此, 国家相关管理规定及国家标准 GB/T 19963-2011 《风电场接入电力系统技术规定》 均要求风电机组 /风电场具备低电压穿越能力, 且风电机组应通过有资质机构的测试, 风电场 应通过低电压穿越能力验证方可并网运行。 风电大规模集中接入系统是我国风电发展中遇到 的特殊问题, 没有国际经验可以借鉴, 因此针对我国风电发展实情, 在已具备风电机组低电 压穿越现场测试能力基础上, 研究发明一种针对风电场低电压穿越能力仿真验证方法是必要 的和亟须的。 发明内容
为了克服上述现有技术的不足, 本发明提供一种风电场低电压穿越能力仿真验证方法, 对于判定风电场是否满足并网要求, 避免大规模风电脱网事故和保证电网安全稳定运行具有 积极的意义, 为我国风电并网认证体系的建立和完善奠定了基础。
为了实现上述发明目的, 本发明采取如下技术方案:
一种风电场低电压穿越能力仿真验证方法, 所述方法包括以下步骤: 步骤 1 : 分析所述风电机组的运行特性;
步骤 2: 建立风电场电气仿真模型, 验证风电场是否具备低电压穿越能力;
步骤 3: 建立包括所述风电场电气仿真模型的区域电力系统仿真模型, 校验风电场并网 对电力系统安全稳定运行的影响。
所述步骤 1包括以下步骤:
步骤 1-1 : 采集所述风电机组电气参数;
步骤 1-2: 根据验证过的风电机组电气仿真模型, 分析所述风电机组运行特性。
所述风电机组电气参数包括风电机组基本信息、 发电机参数、 变流器参数、 主控制系统 参数和其他电气参数。
所述风电机组基本信息包括风电机组型号、 额定功率、 额定视在功率、 额定电流、 额定 电压、 轮毂高度和额定风速; 所述发电机参数包括发电机型号、 额定功率、 额定视在功率、 电压、 频率和转子开路电压; 所述变流器参数包括电网侧变流器额定功率、 电机侧变流器额 定功率、 电网侧变流器额定视在功率、 电机侧变流器额定视在功率、 直流侧 chopper类型、 直流侧 chopper型号、 直流侧 chopper电阻、 直流侧 chopper电阻阻值、 直流侧 chopper电阻 容量、 Crowbar类型、 Crowbar型号、 Crowbar电阻、 Crowbar 阻值和 Crowbar容量; 所述主 控制系统参数包括控制系统的型号和控制特性; 所述其他电气参数包括过压保护定值、 低压 保护定值、 高频保护定值和低频保护定值。
所述步骤 2包括以下步骤:
步骤 2-1 : 采集所述风电场内生产类电气设备参数、 电气拓扑结构信息、风电场所接入电 网的等值阻抗和短路容量以及继电器保护参数;
步骤 2-2: 建立风电场电气仿真模型;
步骤 2-3: 分析所述风电场运行特性, 通过故障仿真, 验证风电场是否具备低电压穿越能 力。
所述生产类电气设备参数包括箱式变压器参数、 馈线系统参数、 主变压器参数、 无功补 偿设备参数和风电场送出线路参数。
所述箱式变压器参数包括箱式变压器的型号、 容量、 电压分接头、 接线组别、 阻抗电压、 短路损耗、 空载损耗和空载电流; 所述馈线系统参数包括每段馈线的长度、 型号、 额定电流、 正序 /负序 /零序电阻、 电抗和对地电容值; 所述主变压器参数包括主变压器的型号、 容量、 电 压分接头、 接线组别、 阻抗电压、 短路损耗、 空载损耗和空载电流; 所述无功补偿设备参数 包括风电场无功补偿设备的类型、感性 /容性安装容量和实际可用容量、系统响应时间和保护 定值; 所述风电场送出线路参数包括风电场送出线路的线路长度、 型号、 额定电流、 正序 / 负序 /零序电阻、 电抗和对地电容值。
所述继电器保护参数包括风电机组 /风电场的过 /欠压保护定值,过 /欠频保护定值和风电 场并网点 /风电机组的短路保护定值。
所述步骤 3包括以下步骤:
步骤 3- 1: 建立包括所述风电场电气仿真模型的区域电力系统仿真模型;
步骤 3-2: 分析所述风电场和电网运行暂态稳定性, 校验风电场低电压穿越能力; 步骤 3-3: 分析所述风电场并网对电力系统安全稳定运行的影响。
与现有技术相比, 本发明的有益效果在于:
1、 GB/T 19963-2011 《风电场接入电力系统技术规定》 中对风电场低电压穿越能力作了 明确规定, 并有相应的数据指标。 本发明提供了一种完整有效的验证风电场低电压穿越能力 的方法, 对于判定风电场是否满足并网要求, 避免大规模风电脱网事故和保证电网安全稳定 运行具有积极的意义;
2、本发明提供的方法具有重要的实用价值, 可准确对风电场低电压穿越能力给出全面评 价, 为我国风电并网认证体系的建立和完善奠定了基础;
3、 本方法简单可靠, 易执行, 应用广泛。 附图说明
图 1 是本发明实施例中风电场低电压穿越能力仿真验证方法流程图;
图 2 是国家标准 GB/T 19963-2011风电场低电压穿越要求示意图;
图 3 是待验证风电机组低电压保护设置示意图;
图 4 是风电机组运行特性校验仿真系统示意图;
图 5 是风机机端电压跌至 0时机组暂态特性示意图;
图 6 是风机机端电压跌至 0.7pu以下时机组暂态特性示意图;
图 7 是风机机端电压跌至 0.7pu时机组暂态特性示意图;
图 8 是待验证风电场接线图;
图 9 是风电场并网点电压跌落至 0时场内电压水平示意图;
图 10 是风电场并网点电压跌落至 0时风机有功 /无功出力示意图;
图 11 是风电场并网点不同电压跌落水平及相应风机机端电压示意图;
图 12 是风电场并网点不同电压跌落下风机有功 /无功出力示意图; 图 13 是电网侧线路发生 相短路故障且主保护动作的风电场电压示意图; 图 14 是电网侧线路发生 相短路故障且主保护动作的风机有功 /无功出力示意图; 图 15 是电网侧线路发生 相短路故障且后备保护动作的风电场电压示意图;
图 16 是电网侧线路发生 相短路故障且后备保护动作的风机有功 /无功出力示意图< 具体实》式
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步详细说明。
如图 1, 一种风电场低电压穿越能力仿真验证方法, 所述方法包括以下步骤:
步骤 1 : 根据验证过的风电机组电气仿真模型, 分析所述风电机组的运行特性; 步骤 2: 建立风电场电气仿真模型, 验证风电场是否具备低电压穿越能力;
步骤 3: 建立包括所述风电场电气仿真模型的区域电力系统仿真模型, 校验风电场并网 对电力系统安全稳定运行的影响。
风电场采用不同的风电机组、 不同的控制系统, 其并网运行对电网所产生的影响也会有 所不同。 在充分了解所采用风电机组的稳态和动态特性的基础上, 结合当地电网的网架结构 特点, 研究风电场并网运行对电网可能带来的影响以及相应的技术措施, 对于确保风电场投 运后的安全稳定运行有着极为重要的作用。
如图 2, 说明国家标准 GB/T 19963-2011 《风电场接入电力系统技术规定》对风电场低电 压穿越能力的要求。 风电场并网点电压跌落至 20%标称电压时, 风电场内的风电机组能够保 证不脱网连续运行 625ms;风电场并网点电压在发生跌落后 2s内能够恢复到标称电压的 90% 时, 风电场内的风电机组能够保证不脱网连续运行。 对于三相、 两相短路故障, 考核电压为 风电场并网点线电压; 对于单相接地短路故障, 考核电压为并网点相电压。 对电力系统故障 期间没有切出的风电场, 其有功功率在故障清除后应快速恢复, 自故障清除时刻开始, 以至 少 10%额定功率 /秒的功率变化率恢复至故障前的值。
以下是本发明的一个优选实施案例。
1. 根据验证过的风电机组电气仿真模型, 分析所述风电机组的运行特性。
根据验证过的风电机组电气仿真模型和风电机组技术数据, 对风电机组的并网运行特性 进行研究确认。
( 1 ) 风电机组与箱式变压器主要参数;
某机型风机部分主要参数: 额定功率 2MW, 发电机功率因数为 1.0, 保护等级 IP54, 定 子 (线) 电压 690V, 频率 50Hz, 极数 4, 转子额定转速 16.7 rev/min, 转速范围 9-19 rev/min, 切入风速 4m/s, 切出风速 25m/s, 额定风速 15m/s。
( 2 ) 风电机组低电压保护设置;
风电机组的低压保护设置如图 3所示, 超出曲线范围时风电机组将从电网上断开。
( 3 ) 机组特性仿真系统;
为了方便分析和描述典型故障下风电机组的动态特性, 选取简单网络作为仿真系统, 如 图 4所示。 风电机组经箱式变压器、 集电线路和升压变压器与无穷大电网相连, 箱变高压侧 为 35kV, 升压变压器高压侧为 220kV, 无穷大电源电压设为 1.0pu。
( 4) 风电机组运行特性仿真:
( a) 故障时风机机端电压跌落至 0;
故障致使风机机端电压跌落至 0时, 机组运行暂态特性如图 5。 系统发生三相短路故障 导致风电机组的机端电压由 l.Opu跌至 0, 故障中, 机组有功 /无功出力均为零。 由于风电机 组具备低电压穿越能力, 因此, 如果三相短路故障在 0.2s清除, 风电机组在故障中和故障后 均能够保持并网运行, 风机有功 /无功出力经过短暂振荡后恢复至稳定值, 机端电压恢复至故 障前的稳定水平。但如果三相短路故障超过 0.2s清除, 电压超出低压保护整定值, 风机脱网。
(b ) 故障时风机机端电压跌落至 0.7pu以下;
故障时风机机端电压跌落至 0.7pu以下时, 机组运行暂态特性如图 6。系统发生三相短路 故障导致风电机组的机端电压由 l.Opu跌至 0.69pu (通过调节故障点的接地电阻实现), 故障 中, 风电机组发出的有功功率迅速减少。若三相短路故障在 2.65s清除, 风电机组在故障中和 故障后均保持并网运行, 机组的有功 /无功出力经过短暂振荡后恢复至稳定值, 机端电压恢复 至故障前的稳定水平。 但如果三相短路故障清除时间超过 2.65s, 电压超出低压保护整定值, 风机脱网。
( c ) 故障时风机机端电压跌落至 0.7pu;
故障期间风电机组的机端电压跌落至 0.7pu时, 机组运行暂态特性如图 7。系统发生三相 短路故障导致风电机组的机端电压由 l.Opu跌至 0.7pu (通过调节故障点的接地电阻实现), 故障中, 机组发出的有功功率迅速减少。 如果故障在 lis清除, 风电机组在故障中和故障后 均能保持并网运行, 有功 /无功出力经过短暂振荡恢复至稳定值, 机端电压恢复到故障前的稳 定水平。 但如果三相短路故障清除时间超过 lis, 电压超出低压保护整定值, 风机脱网。
2. 建立风电场电气仿真模型, 验证风电场是否具备低电压穿越能力;
根据风电场电气设备技术数据,在仿真程序 DIgSILENT/PowerFactory中建立风电场仿真 模型, 仿真模拟风电场小功率输出 (0.1 Pn P 0.3 Pn) 和满功率输出 (1.0Pn) 两种工况下, 电网发生各种短路故障,并网点电压跌落至残余电压分别为 90% Un, 75% Un, 50% 1^和 20% Un时风电场的低电压穿越能力实现情况,评价风电场能否实现国家标准 GB/T 19963-2011《风 电场接入电力系统技术规定》 所要求的低电压穿越能力。
( 1 ) 风电场模型
图 8为风电场仿真模型。 风电场总装机容量 249.3MW, 安装 58台 850kW风机, 100台 2MW风机。 风电场内风机机端电压为 690V, 经"一机一变(箱式变)"的单元接线方式升压 至 35/33kV, 再经 35/33kV场内集电线路汇集后接入风电场 220kV升压站。 升压站共安装 3 台主变, 其中 IA、 IB、 IC三条集电线路汇集 58台 850kW风机后接入 #1主变, IID、 IIE、 IIF、 IIG四条集电线路汇集 50台 2MW风机后接入 #2主变, ΠΙΗ、 1111、 III J, IIIK四条集电线路汇 集 50台 2MW风机后接入 #3主变。 风电场通过一回 220kV送出线路与系统相连, 线路长度 为 19km, 导线型号为 LGJ-300/40。
(2) 风电场低电压穿越能力仿真验证
(a) 短路故障导致风电场并网点电压跌至零的仿真分析
风电场并网点发生三相短路故障, 0.19s故障清除。 图 9、 图 10给出了故障时风电场电压 变化曲线以及场内部分风电机组的有功 /无功出力变化曲线。 风电场并网点的电压跌至 0, 场 内风电机组机端电压迅速下跌, 但均在 0.15pu以上, 短路故障清除后, 风电场并网点电压和 风机机端电压迅速恢复。
短路故障发生前风电场处于满发状态, 风电机组的无功出力均为零。 短路故障发生后有 功出力跌落至接近零出力; 由于机组本身的控制策略, 故障中风电机组都能够发出无功功率。 故障后风电机组的有功出力开始恢复, 并能够在 3s内恢复至故障前的水平, 且无功出力迅速 恢复到零。
风电场并网点电压因故障而跌至零时,场内所有风电机组不仅能保持并网运行至少 0.2s, 且能够在故障期间发出无功功率, 支持风电场和电网的电压恢复, 故障后风电机组的有功出 力能够在 3s内恢复至故障前的水平。
(b) 短路故障导致风电场并网点电压其他跌落水平的仿真分析
根据图 2中对风电场低电压穿越的要求,当系统故障导致风电场并网点电压跌至 0.20pu、 0.50pu、 0.75pu禾卩 0.90pu时,风电场内所有风电机组应至少保持并网运行 0.625s、 1.21s、 1.71s 禾口 2.0s。 当并网点的电压在故障期间分别跌落至 0.20pu、 0.50pu、 0.75pu和 0.90pu时 (通过 调节故障点的接地电阻实现并网点电压不同跌落深度), 图 11给出了风电场并网点电压和部 分风电机组机端电压的变化曲线。 当风电场并网点发生三相短路故障导致并网点电压跌至 0.2pu时, 风电机组机端电压在 0.35pu以上, 故障期间风电机组可以保持并网运行至少 0.63s; 当短路故障导致并网点电压跌 落至 0.5pu时,风电机组机端电压将在 0.62pu以上,故障期间所有风电机组可保持至少 1.22s; 当短路故障导致风电场并网点电压跌至 0.75pu时, 风电机组机端电压将在 0.8pu以上, 故障 期间风电机组可保持并网运行至少 1.71s; 当故障导致并网点电压跌落至 0.9pu时, 风电机组 机端电压将在 0.9pu以上, 可保持并网运行至少 2s。
图 12为 #101风机(2MW)在不同类型短路故障下的有功 /无功功率变化曲线。 短路故障 发生时并网点电压跌幅越大, 机组有功出力的跌幅也越大, 故障清除后有功功率恢复至故障 前水平所需要的时间也越长。 当风电场并网点电压跌至 0.2pu时, #101机组的有功出力将由 2MW跌至 0.32MW, 故障清除后恢复至满发水平所需的时间约为 1.5s; 而当并网点电压跌至 0.9pu时, #101风电机组的有功出力则由 2MW跌至 1.76MW, 故障清除后恢复至满发水平所 需的时间不超过 0.5s。
正常运行方式下, #101风电机组的无功出力为零, 短路故障发生后风电机组将发出一定 的无功功率。 当并网点电压在故障期间跌落至 0.2pu时, 风电机组在故障期间发出的无功功 率约为 0.77Mvar; 当并网点电压跌至 0.5pu时, 风电机组可发出的无功功率为 1.03Mvar; 当 并网点电压跌至 0.9pu时, 风电机组发出的无功功率非常小, 约为 0.07Mvar。
对风电场处于满发时并网点发生两相接地短路故障和单相短路故障及风电场处于低出力 时的故障仿真分析从略。
结果表明, 各类故障方式下, 风电机组保持并网运行的时间都满足要求, 在故障期间风 电场能够实现低电压穿越。
3. 建立包括所述风电场电气仿真模型的区域电力系统仿真模型,校验风电场并网对电力 系统安全稳定运行的影响。
结合风电场实际接入系统情况及地区电网中其他风电场运行情况, 仿真模拟风电场满发 时, 电网侧发生不同类型短路故障情况下, 校验风电场能否实现低电压穿越及稳定运行; 若 包含风电场的电力系统稳定性存在问题, 提出相应的措施和建议。
( 1 ) 线路发生三相短路故障
( a) 线路主保护动作
风电场附近某线路发生三相短路故障, 0.12s线路主保护动作, 故障线路切除, 风电场内 电压、 机组有功 /无功出力的暂态过程如图 13、 图 14所示。
当某线路发生三相短路故障时, 风电场的并网点电压将跌至 0.22pu, 风电场升压站的 35kV母线和 33kV母线电压在 0.30〜0.50pu之间。 风电场内各风电机组机端电压和有功出力 大幅下跌, 机端电压跌至 0.30〜0.60pu之间, 有功出力接近零。 故障发生后风电机组由正常 运行时的有功 /无功功率控制转为转子电流控制, 使得风电机组能够发出无功功率, 故障期间 850kW风电机组发出的无功功率在 0.30〜0.50Mvar之间, 2MW风电机组发出的无功功率在 0.8〜1.0Mvar之间。
0.12s主保护动作将该故障线路切除, 风电场升压站电压和机组机端电压迅速恢复。 故障 后风电机组的有功出力可在 2.5s内恢复到故障前的水平, 有功恢复能力满足标准中关于 "有 功功率应该以至少 10 %额定功率 /秒的功率变化率恢复至故障前的值"的要求。故障清除后风 电机组由转子电流控制转为有功 /无功功率控制, 无功出力降至零。
故障后, 电网和风电场电压将迅速恢复至稳定水平; 系统频率和常规机组转速经过短暂 振荡后恢复到稳定值。
(b) 线路后备保护动作
线路故障后第 0.12s主保护未能正确动作, 第 0.62s后备保护动作将该故障线路切除。 发 生线路短路故障时, 风电机组机端电压的跌落水平以及持续时间都在机组低压保护的允许范 围之内, 故障期间风电机组的低压保护不动作。短路故障的持续时间达到 0.62s时, 引起临近 火电厂的机组发生大幅振荡, 导致附近电网频率波动幅度较大, 频率的振幅和持续时间都超 出了风电机组的高频保护设定值 (51Hz, 0.2s), 机组因高频保护动作而脱网; 发生三相短路 故障时, 风电场升压站母线电压、 风电机组机端电压及有功出力都大幅下跌, 风电机组在故 障中发出无功功率, 为系统提供无功支持, 如图 15、 图 16所示。 在后备保护动作将故障线 路切除后, 风电场升压站电压迅速恢复。
当线路发生三相短路故障, 且由后备保护动作将该故障线路切除时, 系统能够维持暂态 稳定, 但故障清除后风电场并网点和电网的电压有小幅波动。
(2) 其他故障仿真
对关键线路发生两相短路故障、 单相接地短路故障以及母线三相、 两相、 单相短路故障 时的仿真从略。
4. 风电场低电压穿越能力仿真验证结论。
( 1 ) 风电场满足国家标准 GB/T 19963-2011 《风电场接入电力系统技术规定》 对低电压 穿越能力的要求。
(2)风电场并网点电压在并网导则规定的电压轮廓线以下区域时, 风电机组能够保持并 网运行至少 0.2s, 且故障期间可发出无功功率, 支持风电场和电网的电压恢复。 ( 3 ) 风电场接入点附近的部分输电线路或母线发生短路故障, 且主保护未能正确动作, 需要后备保护动作将故障清除时, 可能会出现因过频保护或高压保护动作导致风电场内风电 机组全部或部分脱网的情况。
(4)系统故障中及故障后的过频和过压持续过程通常比较短暂, 建议风电场和风机制造 商在机组性能允许的前提下对风电机组的频率保护和过压保护的限值作适当的更改, 放宽对 频率和过压的要求。
最后应当说明的是: 以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非对其限制, 尽管参照 上述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明, 所属领域的普通技术人员应当理解: 依然可以对本 发明的具体实施方式进行修改或者等同替换, 而未脱离本发明精神和范围的任何修改或者等 同替换, 其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1. 一种风电场低电压穿越能力仿真验证方法, 其特征在于: 所述方法包括以下步骤:
步骤 1 : 分析所述风电机组的运行特性;
步骤 2: 建立风电场电气仿真模型, 验证风电场是否具备低电压穿越能力;
步骤 3: 建立包括所述风电场电气仿真模型的区域电力系统仿真模型, 校验风电场并网 对电力系统安全稳定运行的影响。
2. 根据权利要求 1 所述的风电场低电压穿越能力仿真验证方法, 其特征在于: 所述步骤 1 包括以下步骤:
步骤 1-1 : 采集所述风电机组电气参数;
步骤 1-2: 根据验证过的风电机组电气仿真模型, 分析所述风电机组运行特性。
3. 根据权利要求 2所述的风电场低电压穿越能力仿真验证方法, 其特征在于: 所述风电机 组电气参数包括风电机组基本信息、 发电机参数、 变流器参数、 主控制系统参数和其他电气 参数。
4. 根据权利要求 3所述的风电场低电压穿越能力仿真验证方法, 其特征在于: 所述风电机 组基本信息包括风电机组型号、 额定功率、 额定视在功率、 额定电流、 额定电压、 轮毂高度 和额定风速; 所述发电机参数包括发电机型号、 额定功率、 额定视在功率、 电压、 频率和转 子开路电压; 所述变流器参数包括电网侧变流器额定功率、 电机侧变流器额定功率、 电网侧 变流器额定视在功率、 电机侧变流器额定视在功率、 直流侧 chopper类型、 直流侧 chopper型 号、 直流侧 chopper电阻、 直流侧 chopper电阻阻值、 直流侧 chopper电阻容量、 Crowbar类 型、 Crowbar型号、 Crowbar电阻、 Crowbar 阻值和 Crowbar容量; 所述主控制系统参数包 括控制系统的型号和控制特性; 所述其他电气参数包括过压保护定值、 低压保护定值、 高频 保护定值和低频保护定值。
5. 根据权利要求 1 所述的风电场低电压穿越能力仿真验证方法, 其特征在于: 所述步骤 2 包括以下步骤:
步骤 2-1 : 采集所述风电场内生产类电气设备参数、 电气拓扑结构信息、风电场所接入电 网的等值阻抗和短路容量以及继电器保护参数;
步骤 2-2: 建立风电场电气仿真模型;
步骤 2-3: 分析所述风电场运行特性, 通过故障仿真, 验证风电场是否具备低电压穿越能 力。
6. 根据权利要求 5所述的风电场低电压穿越能力仿真验证方法, 其特征在于: 所述生产类 电气设备参数包括箱式变压器参数、 馈线系统参数、 主变压器参数、 无功补偿设备参数和风 电场送出线路参数。
7. 根据权利要求 6所述的风电场低电压穿越能力仿真验证方法, 其特征在于: 所述箱式变 压器参数包括箱式变压器的型号、 容量、 电压分接头、 接线组别、 阻抗电压、 短路损耗、 空 载损耗和空载电流; 所述馈线系统参数包括每段馈线的长度、 型号、 额定电流、 正序 /负序 / 零序电阻、 电抗和对地电容值; 所述主变压器参数包括主变压器的型号、 容量、 电压分接头、 接线组别、 阻抗电压、 短路损耗、 空载损耗和空载电流; 所述无功补偿设备参数包括风电场 无功补偿设备的类型、 感性 /容性安装容量和实际可用容量、 系统响应时间和保护定值; 所述 风电场送出线路参数包括风电场送出线路的线路长度、 型号、 额定电流、 正序 /负序 /零序电 阻、 电抗和对地电容值。
8. 根据权利要求 5所述的风电场低电压穿越能力仿真验证方法, 其特征在于: 所述继电器 保护参数包括风电机组 /风电场的过 /欠压保护定值, 过 /欠频保护定值和风电场并网点 /风电 机组的短路保护定值。
9. 根据权利要求 1 所述的风电场低电压穿越能力仿真验证方法, 其特征在于: 所述步骤 3 包括以下步骤:
步骤 3- 1: 建立包括所述风电场电气仿真模型的区域电力系统仿真模型;
步骤 3-2: 分析所述风电场和电网运行暂态稳定性, 校验风电场低电压穿越能力; 步骤 3-3: 分析所述风电场并网对电力系统安全稳定运行的影响。
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